Multi-purpose fill body casting and curing device and method of use thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-purpose filling body pouring and maintenance device and its use method, belonging to the field of filling mining. The device includes a sliding module, a connecting plate or a vertical template. The sliding module is in a "ji" - shaped structure formed by the vertical connection of five vertical plates on the side. The five vertical plates include a convex structure formed by connecting three vertical plates and two rotatable side plates. At the connection of the side plates and the convex structure, except for the processing of the hinge structure, a 22.5° inclination angle is also processed to facilitate the rotation and positioning of the side plates; the two rotatable side plates are connected to the connecting plate or the vertical template; a circular feeding port is arranged at the upper part of the sliding module; by adjusting the sliding module, segmented pouring can be achieved. This device can supplement the early strength of the filling body and has a certain supporting effect on the roof; the sliding module, the connecting plate or the vertical template are easy to be mass-produced, and the construction and maintenance are simple; segmented pouring is beneficial to reducing the occurrence of problems such as hydration heat and mold expansion, and improving the strength of the filling body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention conceives of a multi-purpose, detachable mold for casting and curing, specifically relating to a method for using a filling body casting and curing device and a method for subsequent reinforcement and curing of the filling body, belonging to the field of filling mining. Background Technology

[0002] Backfilling mining is an eco-friendly mining technology developed in recent years to address resource extraction issues such as coal under construction, water bodies, and railways, as well as residual coal at edges and corners. Therefore, many new methods and technologies, such as structural backfilling mining and partial backfilling mining, have developed rapidly and received considerable attention. However, my country's current backfilling mining technology still faces many challenges, primarily: First, backfilling operations affect mining speed, coal output, and coal production efficiency; second, there is a shortage of backfilling materials, with a severe lack of gangue required for large-scale backfilling mining; and third, backfilling operations are costly and cannot achieve the requirements of low-carbon, zero-carbon, or negative-carbon green mining.

[0003] In order to further promote backfilling mining in the coal mining field, simplify the backfilling process and the production of backfilling equipment, keep up with the trend of technological development, solve the efficiency problem of backfilling operations and the subsequent need for reinforcement of backfilling columns, reduce the cost of backfilling equipment, and improve production efficiency and backfilling safety, this invention was conceived. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to provide a multi-purpose filling body casting and curing device and its usage method, which can complete the casting of square or cross-shaped filling columns, and provides a solution for further protection of square filling columns in the later stage.

[0005] The design concept of this invention is as follows: ① To facilitate filling operations in mines, the mold design has been simplified, making it easy to mass-produce and disassemble. Provided the structure remains stable, common materials such as wood and steel plates can even be used for construction. ② When using molds for pouring, considering that the free height of concrete pouring is generally around 2 meters (excessive height will affect the strength of the filling material), the required pouring function can be achieved by adjusting the height of the connecting plate for mine roof heights of 1-8 meters. Therefore, a segmented sliding mold is designed for pouring. ③ Taking a 2m*2m*5m cuboid as an example, relatively large-sized pouring would cause problems such as heat of hydration and mold expansion. Segmented sliding mold pouring effectively solves these problems.

[0006] The present invention provides a multi-purpose filling body pouring and maintenance device, including a sliding module, a connecting plate or a vertical template that plays a role in supporting and positioning. The structure of the sliding module is a "ji" shape formed by the perpendicular connection of the sides of five vertical plates, including a convex structure formed by the connection of three vertical plates and two rotatable side plates, and the two rotatable side plates can be connected to the connecting plate or the vertical template;

[0007] When a square filling body needs to be poured, a square filling column pouring and maintenance device is designed and manufactured according to the above components: the square filling column pouring and maintenance device is composed of two sliding modules and a vertical template combined; the two sliding modules are connected by the vertical template to form a frame structure with a square cavity in the middle, and the filling body material is poured into the middle cavity; the rotatable side plates of the sliding module and the vertical template are connected by bolts.

[0008] On the left and right sides of the vertical template, there is a U-shaped sliding groove respectively, the width of which is slightly larger than the bolt diameter, and the position of the sliding groove corresponds to the bolt holes on the side plates of the sliding module. In addition, two sliding grooves for docking with the hinges on the side plates of the sliding module are machined on the inner side; two bolt holes are evenly distributed at the lower part of the sliding groove for fixing the sliding module.

[0009] When a cross-shaped filling body needs to be poured, a cross-shaped filling column pouring and maintenance device is designed and manufactured according to the above components: the cross-shaped filling column pouring and maintenance device is composed of 4 to 8 sliding modules and four connecting plates combined, and the adjacent sliding modules are fixedly connected by the connecting plates. The size and shape of each sliding module are exactly the same, and the adjacent sliding modules are connected by the connecting plates and bolts. Specifically, the eight sliding modules can be connected to each other by bolts and connecting plates to form a frame structure with a cross-shaped cavity in the middle, and the filling body material is poured into the middle cavity; two bolt holes are provided at equal distances from top to bottom in the middle of the two side plates of the sliding module, and the two side plates are connected and rotated with the middle convex structure through a hinge structure; at the connection between the side plates and the convex structure, in addition to machining the hinge structure, a 22.5° inclination angle is also machined to facilitate the rotation and positioning of the side plates; by adjusting the sliding module, segmented pouring can be achieved.

[0010] When the height of the filling body is below 2m, a cross-shaped filling device composed of 4 sliding modules and four connecting plates is set, and bolt holes corresponding to the side plates of the sliding module are provided on the connecting plate, and the two are connected and fixed by bolts; when the height of the filling body is above 2m, an upper and lower layer of sliding modules, that is, a cross-shaped filling device composed of 8 sliding modules and four connecting plates is set. A U-shaped sliding groove is provided in the middle of the connecting plate, the width of which is slightly larger than the bolt diameter, and two vertically evenly distributed bolt holes are provided below the sliding groove. The sliding groove is used to correspond to the bolt holes on the side plates of the sliding module and is connected by bolts, and the lower bolt holes are used to connect to the lower sliding module.

[0011] The sliding modules or vertical templates can be made of steel or wood. All eight modules are identical in size and shape. After assembly, they can simultaneously fix the connecting plate, which is a rectangular wooden panel. The height of the connecting plate is the required height of the filling material. For example, if a 5-meter-high filling material needs to be poured, the connecting plate should be 5 meters high. The function of the connecting plate is to position and fix the later-added sliding modules, provide some support for the top slab, and facilitate complete connection to the top.

[0012] The actual thickness of the sliding module should be thicker if possible. For example, if the filling height is 5 meters, the thickness of the module should be 25 cm. However, to ensure stability, the height of the sliding module can be 0.9 to 2 m.

[0013] The height of the modules and connecting plates is designed according to actual construction needs. If the filling height is not high, they can be assembled and poured directly to form the required filling column (at this time, four sliding modules are required). If the filling height is more than 2m, eight sliding modules are required, and the pouring can be carried out in 2 to more sections. The upper sliding module is supported and fixed by inclined support plates.

[0014] This invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned multi-purpose filling body casting and curing device, including the following steps: First, pour cementitious material at the bottom. After it has set (the setting time varies depending on the cementitious material; this technology takes concrete, which has a wide range of applications, as an example), loosen the bolts so that the sliding module can slide through the sliding groove of the connecting plate. Then, raise the height of the sliding module and use two inclined support plates to support and fix the module. Finally, reinforce the fixation with bolts so that it can be used for secondary casting on the already solidified bottom filling column. Similarly, after the newly poured cementitious material has set, repeat the operation until the top is reached. After the material poured at the top has set, replenish the top material completely. After the filling column is fully formed, the casting and curing device can be removed.

[0015] The sliding module is equipped with a circular inlet located at the top of the central vertical plate of the sliding module. The diameter of the inlet is 20cm. Curing can be carried out before the final solidification of the filling column. After the final solidification is completed, it can also be used to replenish the top bonding material.

[0016] The following details the pouring and curing methods for several different filling bodies to which this invention applies.

[0017] This invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned multi-purpose filling body casting and curing device for casting square filling bodies, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) Calculate the actual size of the required filling body and the required filling column style according to the actual filling rate requirements of the project.

[0019] Based on the required filling rate and actual roof connection needs, square filling columns with a filling size of 2 m * 2 m * 5 m are selected. Therefore, the height of the vertical template can be determined to be 5 m. Then, based on the required spacing of the filling columns, engineering calculations are performed, the actual mold placement positions are marked, the molds are transported to the coal mining face, and two or more workers are dispatched to assemble them.

[0020] (2) After selecting the sliding module and connecting it to the vertical template at the marked position, fix it with bolts. After checking the stability of the device, assemble the upper sliding module.

[0021] (3) After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the pouring can begin. After the pouring is completed, wait for the material of the first pour to set. Then, by adjusting the bolts and using the inclined support plate, the module can be moved upward and the sliding module can be fixed again by the bolts. The second section of the filling body can be poured. After the cementitious material of the second section sets, repeat the operation of moving the sliding module to continue pouring upward and realize the segmented pouring of the filling body.

[0022] Furthermore, after the final section of the cast-in-place structure reaches the required final setting strength, the cast-in-place material is filled in. Once the cast-in-place section is completed, the strength of the filling column will reach the required level, at which point the entire device can be dismantled and recycled.

[0023] This invention provides a method for casting a cross-shaped filling body using the aforementioned multi-purpose filling body casting and curing device, comprising the following steps:

[0024] (1) Calculate the actual size of the filling body and the style of the filling column according to the actual filling requirements of the project.

[0025] Based on the requirements of the project to fill the cross-shaped filling columns and the actual needs of the jacking, a cross-shaped filling column with a filling size of 6m*6m*5m is selected (the length and width of the cross are 6m, the height is 5m; the width of the four corners of the cross is 2m). Therefore, the height of the connecting plate can be determined.

[0026] Then, based on the required spacing between filling columns, engineering calculations are performed, the actual mold placement positions are marked, the molds are transported to the coal mining face, and two or more workers are dispatched to assemble them.

[0027] (2) After selecting the sliding module and connecting it to the connecting plate at the marked position, fix it with bolts, check the stability of the device, and then assemble the upper sliding module.

[0028] (3) After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the pouring can begin. After the pouring is completed, wait for the material of the first pour to set. Then, by adjusting the bolts and using the inclined support plate, the module can be moved upward to the first section of the poured column and the sliding module can be fixed again with bolts. The second section of the filling body can then be poured. After the cementitious material of the second section sets, repeat the previous operation of moving the sliding module to continue pouring upward and realize the segmented pouring of the filling body.

[0029] Furthermore, after the final section of the cast-in-place structure reaches the required final setting strength, the cast-in-place material is filled in. Once the cast-in-place section is completed, the strength of the filling column will reach the required level, at which point the entire device can be dismantled and recycled.

[0030] This invention provides a method for casting a cross-shaped filling body composed of two different materials, A and B, using the aforementioned multi-purpose filling body casting and curing device, comprising the following steps:

[0031] (1) Calculate the actual size of the filling body and the style of the filling column according to the actual filling requirements of the project.

[0032] Based on the required filling rate and actual roof connection needs, square filling columns with a filling size of 2 m * 2 m * 5 m are selected. Therefore, the height of the vertical template can be determined to be 5 m. Then, based on the required spacing of the filling columns, engineering calculations are performed, the actual mold placement positions are marked, the molds are transported to the coal mining face, and two or more workers are dispatched to assemble them.

[0033] (2) After selecting the sliding module and connecting it to the connecting plate at the marked position, fix it with bolts, check the stability of the device, and then assemble the upper sliding module.

[0034] (3) After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, you can start pouring material A. After the first pouring is completed, wait for the material to be poured to set. Then, by adjusting the bolts and using the inclined support plate, the module can be moved upward to the first section of the column that has been poured. The sliding module can be fixed again by the bolts. The second section of the filling body can be poured. After the second section of cementitious material has set, repeat the previous operation of moving the sliding module to continue pouring upward and realize the segmented pouring of the filling body.

[0035] Furthermore, after the final section of the cast-in-place structure reaches the required final setting strength, the cast-in-place material is filled in. Once the cast-in-place section is completed, the strength of the filling column will reach the required level, at which point the square casting and curing device can be completely removed and recycled.

[0036] (4) Based on the already filled square filling column of material A, select a cross-shaped filling column with a filling size of 6m*6m*5m around it (the length and width of the cross are 6m and the height is 5m; the width of the four corners of the cross is 2m), and the height of its connecting plate is 5m; then perform engineering calculations based on the required filling column spacing, mark the actual mold placement position, transport the mold to the coal mining face, and send two or more workers to the designated position to prepare for assembly;

[0037] (5) Install connecting plates on the four sides of the square filling column of material A, then fix the lower sliding module with bolts, check the stability of the device, and then assemble the upper sliding module.

[0038] (6) After rechecking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the pouring of material B can begin. After the first section of the poured material has set, the sliding module can be moved upward by adjusting the bolts and using the inclined support plate. The sliding module is then fixed on the already poured column by tightening the bolts and supporting the inclined support plate, thus further realizing the second section of the filling body pouring. This process is repeated until the top is reached, thus realizing the segmented pouring of the material B filling body. After the top is reached and the filling column is completed, the entire device can be dismantled and recycled.

[0039] This invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned multi-purpose filling body casting and curing device for casting auxiliary filling columns, comprising the following steps:

[0040] (1) Determine the actual size and style of the device based on the existing filling column.

[0041] For example, in a specific project, the strength of the already filled columns may decrease due to external factors such as pressure from the roof. If the existing filled columns are 2m*2m*5m, the device can select auxiliary filled columns with filling dimensions of 2m*2m*5m, thus determining the height of the connecting plate. Then, based on the required filling column position, mark the actual mold placement position, transport the mold to the coal mining face, and send two or more workers to assemble it.

[0042] (2) After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the pouring can begin. After the pouring is completed, wait for the material of the first pour to set. Then, by adjusting the bolts and using the inclined support plate, the module can be moved upward to the first section of the poured column and the sliding module can be fixed again with bolts. The second section of the filling body can then be poured. After the cementitious material of the second section sets, repeat the previous operation of moving the sliding module to continue pouring upward and realize the segmented pouring of the filling body.

[0043] Furthermore, after the final section of the cast-in-place structure reaches the required final setting strength, the cast-in-place material is filled in. Once the cast-in-place section is completed, the strength of the filling column will reach the required level, at which point the entire device can be dismantled and recycled.

[0044] Casting auxiliary filling columns is suitable for situations where the strength of the original square filling columns is affected due to the progress of mining activities and the instability of working face conditions, resulting in insufficient filling strength. It is necessary to strengthen the original filling columns, otherwise it will cause safety hazards such as insufficient roof support strength and cracking of filling columns in the mining project.

[0045] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0046] (1) Sliding modules, connecting plates or vertical templates are easy to mass-produce, easy to construct and maintain, and low in cost;

[0047] (2) Segmented casting helps reduce the occurrence of problems such as heat of hydration and mold expansion, and improves the strength of the filling body;

[0048] (3) This device can supplement the early strength of the filling material and provide a certain support for the top plate;

[0049] (4) This device can be selected according to its intended use and can be recycled, thus saving resources;

[0050] (5) It is beneficial to control the distance to the top. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding module.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting plate.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the vertical template.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge structure.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing how the sliding module, in conjunction with the vertical template, forms a square filled space.

[0056] Figure 6 A top view showing the sliding module working in conjunction with the vertical template to form a square filled space.

[0057] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing how the sliding module, in conjunction with the connecting plate, forms a cross-shaped filling space.

[0058] Figure 8 A top view showing the sliding module and connecting plate forming a cross-shaped filled space.

[0059] Figure 9 A top view schematic diagram of a stope using the pouring and maintenance device of Embodiment 2.

[0060] Figure 10 A top view schematic diagram of a stope using the pouring and maintenance device of Embodiment 1.

[0061] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a maintenance device for a single-stage poured square filling body.

[0062] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a maintenance device for pouring a combined cross-shaped filling body.

[0063] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a maintenance device used for a device for pouring an auxiliary filling column.

[0064] In the figure: 1 is a sliding module, 2 is a vertical template, 3 is a connecting plate, 4 is a bolt, 5 is a bolt hole, 6 is a feeding port, 7 is a plug, and 8 is an inclined support plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0065] The present invention will be further described below through embodiments, but is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0066] As Figures 1-13 shown, the present invention provides a filling body pouring and maintenance device, including eight sliding modules 1. The sliding modules are all in a "C" - shaped structure formed by the side connection of five vertical plates, and are composed of a "C" - shaped structure formed by three connected plates and two rotatable side plates. The side plates and the vertical plates are connected through a hinge structure to achieve rotation, and the two rotatable side plates can be respectively connected to the connecting plate 3 or the vertical template 2.

[0067] The connecting plate 3 is a wooden cuboid structure. Two bolt holes are vertically and evenly distributed in the middle of the rotatable side plates of the sliding module 1, and corresponding bolt holes are provided at the connection between the connecting plate and the side plates.

[0068] Specifically, the connections between the rotatable side plates and the vertical plates are all inclined surfaces, and the minimum included angle between the two is 45°.

[0069] When pouring a square filling body, two sliding modules and the vertical template are combined into a pouring and maintenance device; as Figure 5 and 6 shown. Two sliding modules 1 are connected by a vertical template 2 to form a frame structure with a square cavity in the middle, and filling body materials are poured into the middle cavity; the rotatable side plates of the sliding module 1 and the vertical template 2 are connected by bolts 4.

[0070] When pouring the cross-shaped filling material, eight sliding modules 1 are combined with four connecting plates 3, and adjacent sliding modules 1 are fixedly connected by the connecting plates 3. The eight sliding modules are identical in size and shape, and adjacent sliding modules 1 are connected by the connecting plates 3 and bolts 4, as shown below. Figure 7 and 8 As shown.

[0071] Furthermore, the sliding module 1 is made of wood. Upon assembly, it simultaneously secures the connecting plate 3. The connecting plate 3 is a rectangular wooden structure, and its height is the same as the height of the filling material. The function of the connecting plate 3 is to connect and secure the sliding module 1, and it also provides some support for the top plate, thus facilitating the subsequent complete connection to the top.

[0072] Two bolt holes are provided at equal intervals from top to bottom in the middle of the two side plates of the sliding module. The side plates are connected to the central convex structure by a hinge structure and can rotate. In addition to machining the hinge structure, a 22.5° inclination angle is also machined at the connection between the side plates and the convex structure to facilitate the rotation and positioning of the side plates. Segmented casting can be achieved by adjusting the sliding module.

[0073] Furthermore, the sliding module is made of wood, and its actual height and thickness are preferably higher and thicker. For example, if the filling height is 5m, the base plate thickness is 25cm, and the module height is about 1m to maintain the stability of the filling body.

[0074] This implementation method (in conjunction with) Figure 7 The filling body height is over 2m, and a cross-shaped filling device is set up with upper and lower sliding modules, that is, 8 sliding modules and four connecting plates combined. A U-shaped sliding groove is set in the middle of the connecting plate, the width of which is slightly larger than the bolt diameter. The bottom of the processed sliding groove has two vertically evenly distributed bolt holes. The sliding groove is used to correspond to the bolt holes on the side plate of the sliding module and is connected by bolts. The bottom bolt holes are used to connect to the sliding module below. In other embodiments, such as when the filling body height is less than 2m, a cross-shaped filling device is set up with 4 sliding modules and four connecting plates combined. The connecting plates are provided with bolt holes corresponding to the side plates of the sliding modules, and the two are fixed by bolts.

[0075] A U-shaped sliding groove is provided on each of the left and right sides of the vertical template. The width of the sliding groove is slightly larger than the bolt diameter. The sliding groove corresponds to the bolt hole position on the side plate of the sliding module. Two additional sliding grooves are machined on the inner side to connect with the hinges on the side plate of the sliding module. Two bolt holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the sliding groove for fixing the sliding module.

[0076] Furthermore, in actual engineering design, the connecting plate 3 requires strength calculations (stress bar stability), and its actual size should ideally be larger, calculated based on the load applied to the top plate. For example, the calculated width of this plate is 0.9m and its thickness is 25cm.

[0077] Furthermore, the sliding module 1 has two bolt holes 5 evenly distributed on its two rotatable side plates, and the thickness around the bolt holes 5 is halved to facilitate connection.

[0078] Furthermore, the module height is designed according to actual construction needs. For example, if the filling height is not high, it can be filled directly after assembly. If the filling height is more than 2m, it can be poured in two or more sections. After the bottom is poured, the height is raised by sliding through the inclined support (the inclined plate is moved inward by the inclined support to raise the sliding module).

[0079] Furthermore, the height of the inclined support plate 8 is approximately 0.85 to 1.2 times the height of the connecting plate. The other plates, which have no size requirements, only serve to support the sliding module after it has been lifted.

[0080] Furthermore, the sliding module 1 is equipped with a circular feed port 6 (each feed port is equipped with a plug 7, which can be blocked when not in use) located at the top of the central vertical plate of the module (vertically placed). The diameter of the feed port is 20cm. Before the final setting is completed, curing construction can be carried out. After the final setting is completed, it is used to replenish the top bonding material.

[0081] The following specific embodiments illustrate the use of various types of casting and curing devices of the present invention.

[0082] Example 1: Using a curing device to create a square filling body.

[0083] 1. Calculate the actual dimensions of the required filling material and the required filling column style based on the actual filling rate requirements of the project or the laboratory requirements.

[0084] 2. Based on the required filling rate of the project and the actual needs of the roof connection, a square filling column with a filling size of 2 m * 2 m * 5 m is selected. Therefore, the height of the vertical formwork can be determined to be 5 m.

[0085] 3. Then, based on the required spacing between filling columns, perform engineering calculations, mark the actual positions where the molds need to be placed, transport the molds to the coal mining face, and send two or more workers to assemble them at the designated positions;

[0086] 4. Select the sliding module and fix it with bolts after connecting it to the vertical template. After checking the stability of the device, assemble the upper sliding module.

[0087] 5. After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the pouring can begin. After the first pouring is completed, the sliding module can be moved upward by adjusting the bolts and fixed again by the inclined support plate to further realize the second pouring of the filling body. Repeated operation can realize the segmented pouring of the filling body.

[0088] 6. Both the modules and the vertical templates are easy to mass-produce. Furthermore, after the filling material has fully set, the curing device can be completely removed and recycled.

[0089] Example 2: Using a curing device to create a cross-shaped filling body.

[0090] 1. Calculate the actual dimensions of the required filling material and the required filling column style based on the actual engineering filling requirements or laboratory needs.

[0091] 2. Based on the requirements of the project to fill the cross-shaped filling columns and the actual needs of the top connection, a cross-shaped filling column with a filling size of 6m*6m*5m (the length and width of the cross are 6m, the height is 5m; the width of the four corners of the cross is 2m) is selected. Therefore, the height of the connecting plate can be determined to be 5m.

[0092] 3. Then, based on the required spacing between filling columns, perform engineering calculations, mark the actual mold placement positions, transport the molds to the coal mining face, and send two or more workers to assemble them;

[0093] 4. After the sliding module is connected to the connecting plate at the marked position, it is fixed with bolts. After checking the stability of the device, the upper sliding module is assembled.

[0094] 5. After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the pouring can begin. After the first pouring is completed, the sliding module can be moved upward by adjusting the bolts and fixed again by the inclined support plate to further realize the second pouring of the filling body. Repeated operation can realize the segmented pouring of the filling body.

[0095] 6. Both the modules and connecting plates are easy to mass-produce. After the filling material has fully solidified, the entire device can be dismantled and recycled.

[0096] Example 3: Using a curing device at different times, two or more processes are carried out to form a cross-shaped filling column composed of different materials A and B.

[0097] The method used in this embodiment is: first use a square filling module, then use a cross-shaped filling module; that is, fill the middle part first, then fill the surrounding area.

[0098] (1) Calculate the actual size of the filling body and the style of the filling column according to the actual filling requirements of the project.

[0099] Based on the required filling rate and actual roof connection needs, square filling columns with a filling size of 2 m * 2 m * 5 m are selected. Therefore, the height of the vertical template can be determined to be 5 m. Then, based on the required spacing of the filling columns, engineering calculations are performed, the actual mold placement positions are marked, the molds are transported to the coal mining face, and two or more workers are dispatched to assemble them.

[0100] (2) After selecting the sliding module and connecting it to the connecting plate at the marked position, fix it with bolts, check the stability of the device, and then assemble the upper sliding module.

[0101] (3) After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the A material can be poured. After the first pouring is completed, wait for the material to be poured to set. Then, the module can be moved upward to the first section of the column that has been poured by adjusting the bolts. The sliding module can be fixed again by using the inclined support plate and bolts. The second section of the filling body can be poured. After the second section of cementitious material has set, the previous operation of moving the sliding module can be repeated to continue pouring upward and realize the segmented pouring of the filling body.

[0102] Furthermore, after the final section of the cast-in-place structure reaches the required final setting strength, the cast-in-place material is filled in. Once the cast-in-place section is completed, the strength of the filling column will reach the required level, at which point the square casting and curing device can be completely removed and recycled.

[0103] (4) According to the requirements of the project to fill the cross-shaped filling column and the actual need for the top connection, the filling size of the cross-shaped filling column is selected as 6m*6m*5m (the length and width of the cross are 6m and the height is 5m; the width of the four corners of the cross is 2m). Therefore, the height of the connecting plate can be determined.

[0104] Then, based on the required spacing between filling columns, engineering calculations are performed, the actual mold placement position is marked, the mold is transported to the coal mining face, and two or more workers are dispatched to assemble it.

[0105] (5) Select the sliding module at the designated position and fix it with bolts after connecting it to the vertical template at the designated position. Check the stability of the device and then assemble the upper sliding module.

[0106] (6) After rechecking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the pouring of material B can begin. After the first section of the poured material has set, the sliding module can be moved upward by adjusting the bolts and using inclined support plates. The sliding module can then be fixed on the already poured column by tightening the bolts, thus achieving the second section of the filling body pouring. This process is repeated until the top is reached, thus achieving the segmented pouring of the material B filling body. After the top is reached and the filling column is completed, the entire device can be dismantled and recycled.

[0107] This forms a cross-shaped filling column composed of different materials A and B. Example 4

[0108] The existing filling column needs to be strengthened by casting an auxiliary reinforced filling column on one side around it. For example... Figure 13 The diagram shows the casting of an auxiliary filling column, which involves casting an auxiliary filling column on one side of the existing square filling column using a square filling template device. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0109] 1. Based on the actual filling requirements of the project, determine the dimensions of the auxiliary filling columns to be poured, taking into account the actual dimensions and style of the filling body to be reinforced as needed.

[0110] 2. For example, in a coal mining face under roof pressure, the strength of the original filling pillars decreases due to the impact of the roof. One side of the filling pillars needs to be strengthened. Therefore, the dimensions of the mold and the height of the connecting plate can be determined to be 2m*2m*5m. Then, according to the required filling pillar position, mark the actual mold placement position, transport the mold to the coal mining face, and send two or more workers to assemble it.

[0111] 3. After selecting the sliding module and connecting it to the connecting plate at the marked position, fix it with bolts. After checking the stability of the device, assemble the upper sliding module. After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, pouring can begin. After the first pouring is completed, the sliding module can be moved upward and fixed again by adjusting the bolts to further realize the second pouring of the filling body. This process can be repeated to realize the segmented pouring of the filling body.

[0112] 4. Furthermore, after the filling material has fully set, the entire device can be dismantled and recycled.

[0113] In this embodiment, only one side of the auxiliary filling column is shown. If it is necessary to pour the filling on both sides, three sides or all four sides, thus forming a cross-shaped filling column, the method of embodiment 3 can be used.

Claims

1. A method for casting and curing a multi-purpose filling body, characterized in that: This method is implemented using a multi-purpose filling body pouring and maintenance device. The pouring and maintenance device includes a sliding module, a connecting plate or a vertical formwork. The structure of the sliding module is a "ji" - shaped structure formed by the vertical connection of five vertical plates on the sides. The five vertical plates include a convex structure formed by connecting three vertical plates and two rotatable side plates. At the connection of the side plates and the convex structure, except for the processing of the hinge structure, a 22.5° inclination angle is also processed to facilitate the rotation and positioning of the side plates. The two rotatable side plates are connected to the connecting plate or the vertical formwork. A circular feed inlet is provided at the upper part of the sliding module, located at the top of the central vertical plate of the sliding module. The height of the sliding module, the connecting plate or the vertical formwork is designed according to the actual construction needs. When the filling height is below 2m, after assembly, a single pouring is directly carried out to form the required filling column. When the height of the filling body is above 2m, upper and lower two layers of sliding modules need to be set. During the pouring process, the sliding module is moved upward and supported and fixed by inclined support plates. By adjusting the sliding module, segmented pouring can be achieved. When the above device is used for pouring a square filling body, it includes the following steps: (1) According to the actual engineering filling rate requirements, calculate the actual size of the required filling body and the required filling column style: Select a square filling column with a suitable size according to the engineering filling rate requirements and the actual need for roof contact. Thus, the height of the vertical formwork can be determined. Then, according to the required filling column spacing, conduct an engineering measurement, mark the punctuation marks of the actual mold placement positions, transport the mold to the coal mining face, and send more than two workers to assemble it. (2) Select the sliding module, connect it to the vertical formwork at the punctuation position, and fix it with bolts. After checking the stability of the device, assemble the upper sliding module. (3) After checking the stability and tightness of the overall device, pouring can be started. After the pouring is completed, wait for the material of the first pouring to complete final setting. Then, by adjusting the bolts and using the inclined support plate, move the module upward and fix the sliding module with bolts again to achieve the second - stage pouring of the filling body. After waiting for the second - stage cementitious material to complete final setting, repeat the operation of moving the sliding module before to continue pouring upward to achieve segmented pouring of the filling body. (4) After the last section of the pouring for roof contact completes final setting and the strength meets the standard, fill in the roof - contact material. After waiting for the roof - contact part to complete, the strength of the filling column can meet the standard, and then the entire device can be disassembled and recycled. The method for using the above device to pour a cross - shaped filling body includes the following steps: (1) According to the actual engineering filling requirements, calculate the actual size of the required filling body and the required filling column style: Select a cross - shaped filling column with a suitable size according to the requirements of the engineering cross - shaped filling column and the actual need for roof contact, and determine the height of the connecting plate at the same time. Then, according to the required filling column spacing, conduct an engineering measurement, mark the punctuation marks of the actual mold placement positions, transport the mold to the coal mining face, and send more than two workers to assemble it. (2) Select the sliding module, connect it to the connecting plate at the punctuation position, and fix it with bolts. After checking the stability of the device, assemble the upper sliding module. (3) After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the pouring can begin. After the pouring is completed, wait for the material of the first pour to set. Then, by adjusting the bolts and using the inclined support plate, the module can be moved upward to the first section of the poured column. The sliding module can be fixed again with bolts to realize the second section of the filling body pouring. After the second section of cementitious material sets, repeat the previous operation of moving the sliding module to continue pouring upward and realize the segmented pouring of the filling body. (4) After the final setting strength of the last section of the cast-in-place structure reaches the standard, fill in the joint material. After the joint is completed, the strength of the filling column will reach the standard, and the entire device can be dismantled and recycled.

2. The method for casting and curing multi-purpose filling bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: When used for casting square filling bodies, the filling column casting and curing device consists of 1-2 sliding modules and a vertical template to form a square filling mold; the sliding module and the vertical template are connected to form a frame structure with a square cavity in the middle, and the filling material is poured into the cavity in the middle; the rotatable side plate of the sliding module and the vertical template are connected by bolts.

3. The method for casting and curing multi-purpose filling bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that: A U-shaped sliding groove is provided on each of the left and right sides of the vertical template. The width of the sliding groove is slightly larger than the bolt diameter. The position of the sliding groove corresponds to the bolt hole on the side plate of the sliding module. Two additional sliding grooves are machined on the inner side to connect with the hinge on the side plate of the sliding module. Two bolt holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the sliding groove for fixing the sliding module.

4. The method for casting and curing multipurpose filling bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: When used for casting cross-shaped filling bodies, the filling column casting and curing device is composed of 4 to 8 sliding modules and four connecting plates to form a cross-shaped filling device. Adjacent sliding modules are fixedly connected by connecting plates. Each sliding module has the same size and shape. Adjacent sliding modules are connected by connecting plates and bolts to form a frame structure with a cross-shaped cavity in the middle. The filling material is poured into the cavity in the middle. Two bolt holes are provided at equal intervals from top to bottom in the middle of the side plates on both sides of the sliding module. The two side plates are connected to the central convex structure by a hinge structure and can rotate.

5. The method for casting and curing multi-purpose filling bodies according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the filling height is less than 2m, a cross-shaped filling device is formed by combining 4 sliding modules and 4 connecting plates. Bolt holes are provided on the connecting plates and the side plates of the sliding modules, and the two are fixed by bolts. When the filling height is above 2m, a cross-shaped filling device is set up with upper and lower sliding modules, that is, 8 sliding modules and four connecting plates. A U-shaped sliding groove is provided in the middle of the connecting plate, the width of which is slightly larger than the bolt diameter. Two vertically evenly distributed bolt holes are provided below the sliding groove. The sliding groove is used to correspond with the bolt holes on the side plate of the sliding module and be connected by bolts. The lower bolt hole is used to connect with the lower sliding module.

6. The method for casting and curing multi-purpose filling bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding module and vertical template are made of steel or wood; the sliding modules used in the curing device are all the same size and shape; the connecting plate is a rectangular wooden plate, and the height of the connecting plate is the height of the required filling material.

7. The method for casting and curing multipurpose filling bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that... The process includes the following steps: When pouring in sections, first pour the cementitious material at the bottom. After it has set, loosen the bolts to allow the sliding module to slide through the sliding groove of the connecting plate. Then, raise the height of the sliding module and use two inclined support plates to support and fix the upper sliding module. Finally, reinforce the fixation with bolts so that it can be poured a second time on the already solidified bottom filling column. After the cementitious material poured in this section has set, repeat the operation until the top is reached. After the material poured at the top has set, replenish the top material. After the filling column is fully formed, the pouring and curing device can be removed.

8. The method for casting and curing multipurpose filling bodies according to claim 7, characterized in that: When casting a cross-shaped filling body composed of two different materials, A and B, the following steps are included: (1) Based on the actual filling requirements of the project, calculate the actual dimensions of the required filling body and the required filling column style: Select square filling columns of appropriate size according to the required filling rate of the project and the actual roof connection needs, and determine the height of the vertical template; then perform engineering calculations according to the required spacing of filling columns, mark the actual mold placement position, transport the mold to the coal mining face, and send two or more workers to assemble it. (2) After selecting the sliding module and connecting it to the connecting plate at the marked position, fix it with bolts, check the stability of the device, and then assemble the upper sliding module. (3) After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device, the A material can be poured. After the first pouring is completed, wait for the material to be poured to set. Then, by adjusting the bolts and using the inclined support plate, the module can be moved upward to the first section of the poured column. The sliding module can be fixed again with bolts to realize the second section of the filling body. After the cementitious material of the second section is set, repeat the previous operation of moving the sliding module to continue pouring upward and realize the segmented pouring of the filling body. After the final set strength of the last section of the top is reached, the top material is filled in. After the top part is completed, the strength of the filling column can be reached. Then the square pouring and curing device can be completely removed and recycled. (4) Based on the already filled square filling column of material A, select the cross-shaped filling column of the filling size around it, and determine the height of the connecting plate at the same time; then perform engineering calculations based on the required filling column spacing, mark the actual mold placement position, transport the mold to the coal mining face, and send two or more workers to the designated position to prepare for assembly. (5) Install connecting plates on the four sides of the square filling column of material A, then fix the lower module with bolts, check the stability of the device, and then assemble the upper sliding module. (6) After checking the stability and sealing of the overall device again, the pouring of material B can begin. After the first section of the pouring material has set, the sliding module can be moved upward by adjusting the bolts and using the inclined support plate. The sliding module can be fixed on the already poured column by tightening the bolts and the support of the inclined support plate, so as to realize the second section of the filling body. Repeat this process until the top is reached, so as to realize the segmented pouring of material B filling body. After the final section of the cast-in-place structure reaches the required final setting strength, the cast-in-place material is filled in. Once the cast-in-place section is completed, the strength of the filling column will reach the required level. The cross-shaped casting and curing device will then be completely removed and recycled.

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