A tobacco dust removal fan vibration detection system and detection method

Abstract

The application discloses a tobacco dust removal fan vibration detection system and method, relates to the technical field of fan vibration detection, and comprises a bearing assembly, a vibration detection assembly and a monitoring assembly. The application sets vibration sensors on the motor, the bearing assembly and the fan respectively, thereby establishing synchronous vibration observation points on the motor side of the transmission chain, the coupling transition area and the fan side. When the equipment is running, each sensor converts the vibration at the respective installation position into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the monitoring assembly, and the monitoring assembly can synchronously acquire the vibration amplitudes of the motor, the bearing assembly and the fan at the same time. The monitoring assembly can compare the relative sizes of the vibration amplitudes of the three places, thereby providing a basis for judging whether the vibration source is mainly located on the motor side, the coupling transition area or the fan side, and further reducing the risk of fault misjudgment caused by the fact that single-point inspection cannot acquire the spatial amplitude distribution at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fan vibration detection technology, specifically to a vibration detection system and method for tobacco dust removal fans. Background Technology

[0002] In tobacco production processes such as re-drying and tobacco processing, dust collectors are crucial equipment for maintaining a negative pressure environment and removing tobacco dust from the workshop. Dust collectors are typically driven by motors via couplings. This transmission method is compact and highly efficient, but it places extremely high demands on the coaxiality of the equipment and the wear condition of its components. Under tobacco dust collection conditions, the fan impeller easily adsorbs light dust, leading to dynamic imbalance. Long-term vibration and impact on the coupling can cause problems such as aging of rubber pads, loosening of bolts, and coaxiality deviations, ultimately resulting in excessive vibration of the motor and fan during operation.

[0003] If vibration issues are not addressed promptly, they can lead to serious malfunctions such as coupling breakage, motor bearing burnout, and fan impeller damage, causing production interruptions and even safety risks due to dust leaks caused by equipment disintegration. Therefore, vibration detection is not only an effective means of predicting the health status of equipment but also a necessary safeguard for ensuring safe production in dust-related workshops.

[0004] Traditional techniques often employ a single-point, handheld vibration meter for inspection. However, single-point inspection can only collect discrete data from a single part of the motor or fan at different times. The data from each measuring point are isolated due to asynchronous acquisition, making it impossible to obtain the spatial amplitude distribution of vibration along the transmission chain at the same moment. Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish whether the vibration originates from the motor, coupling, or fan, resulting in a high misjudgment rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to provide a vibration detection system and method for tobacco dust removal fans, which aims to solve the technical problem that single-point inspection is difficult to distinguish whether the vibration originates from the motor, coupling or fan, resulting in a high misjudgment rate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A vibration detection system for a tobacco dust collector fan includes a motor, a motor output shaft, a fan, and a fan input shaft, and further includes:

[0008] The bearing assembly is mounted on the fan input shaft;

[0009] The vibration detection assembly includes at least three vibration sensors, which are respectively mounted on a motor, the bearing assembly, and a fan. The detection axis of the vibration sensor mounted on the motor is perpendicular to the motor output shaft, and the detection axis of the vibration sensor mounted on the bearing assembly is perpendicular to the fan input shaft.

[0010] The monitoring component has its signal input terminal electrically connected to the vibration detection component.

[0011] Optionally, the motor output shaft and the fan input shaft are connected by a coupling, and the bearing assembly includes:

[0012] A first bearing is mounted on the input shaft of the fan and located near the coupling end; the first bearing is installed in a first bearing housing.

[0013] A second bearing is mounted on the input shaft of the fan and located near one end of the fan; the second bearing is installed in a second bearing housing.

[0014] The first bearing housing and the second bearing housing are fixed to the ground by a bracket.

[0015] Optionally, the vibration detection component mentioned above includes:

[0016] The first vibration sensor is installed on the radial bearing surface of the fan end of the motor, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the motor output shaft;

[0017] The second vibration sensor is installed on the radial bearing surface of the load end of the motor, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the motor output shaft.

[0018] The third vibration sensor is installed on the outer casing of the first bearing housing on the side away from the bracket, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the fan input shaft;

[0019] The fourth vibration sensor is installed on the outer casing of the second bearing housing on the side away from the bracket, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the fan input shaft;

[0020] The fifth vibration sensor is installed on the outer casing of the fan near the second bearing housing, with its detection axis parallel to the fan input shaft;

[0021] The sixth vibration sensor is installed on the outer casing of the fan on the side away from the ground, with its detection axis perpendicular to the fan input shaft.

[0022] Optionally, the monitoring component includes:

[0023] The digital display instrument has its signal input terminals connected to the signal output terminals of the first vibration sensor, second vibration sensor, third vibration sensor, fourth vibration sensor, fifth vibration sensor, and sixth vibration sensor respectively via signal lines;

[0024] The signal input terminal of the PLC is connected to the signal output terminal of the digital display instrument via a first network cable;

[0025] The signal input terminal of the centralized control screen terminal is connected to the signal output terminal of the PLC via a second network cable.

[0026] Optionally, the motor is fixed to the ground via a first base, and the fan is fixed to the ground via a second base.

[0027] Optionally, the monitoring component is electrically connected to an audible and visual alarm.

[0028] Optionally, the first vibration sensor, the second vibration sensor, the third vibration sensor, the fourth vibration sensor, the fifth vibration sensor, and the sixth vibration sensor are all piezoelectric accelerometers.

[0029] A vibration detection method for a tobacco dust collector fan, applied to the vibration detection system for a tobacco dust collector fan as described above, the method comprising:

[0030] S1, when the motor and fan are detected to be in operation, the vibration amplitude values ​​output by the vibration sensors installed on the motor, bearing assembly and fan at the same time are obtained;

[0031] S2, compare the relative magnitudes of the vibration amplitudes at the three locations, and determine the section with the largest vibration amplitude as the location of the vibration source.

[0032] Optionally, in step S2, determining the section with the largest vibration amplitude as the vibration source specifically includes:

[0033] When the vibration amplitude corresponding to the motor is the largest, it is determined that the vibration source is located in the motor section;

[0034] When the vibration amplitude corresponding to the bearing assembly is the largest, it is determined that the vibration source is located in the transition section of the coupling;

[0035] When the vibration amplitude corresponding to the fan is the largest, the vibration source is determined to be located in the fan section.

[0036] Optionally, after step S2, the method further includes:

[0037] S3, compare the vibration amplitude at the three locations with a preset threshold;

[0038] S4, when the vibration amplitude at any point exceeds the preset threshold, an alarm trigger signal is output;

[0039] S5 generates a pop-up alarm message and records the alarm event.

[0040] The technical solution provided in this application can include the following beneficial effects: By installing vibration sensors on the motor, bearing assembly, and fan, synchronous vibration observation points are established on the motor side, coupling transition zone, and fan side of the transmission chain. During equipment operation, each sensor converts the vibration at its respective installation location into an electrical signal and transmits it to the monitoring component. The monitoring component can simultaneously acquire the vibration amplitude values ​​at the motor, bearing assembly, and fan at the same time. Based on this synchronously acquired spatial amplitude distribution information, the monitoring component can compare the relative magnitudes of the vibration amplitudes at the three locations, thus providing a basis for determining whether the vibration source is mainly located on the motor side, coupling transition zone, or fan side, thereby reducing the risk of misdiagnosis due to the inability to obtain the spatial amplitude distribution at the same time during single-point inspection. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tobacco dust removal fan vibration detection system;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the vibration detection method for tobacco dust collector fans.

[0044] Reference numerals: 1. Motor; 2. Motor output shaft; 3. First base; 4. Coupling; 5. Fan input shaft; 6. First bearing; 7. First bearing housing; 8. Second bearing; 9. Second bearing housing; 10. Bracket; 11. Fan; 12. Fan housing; 13. Second base; 14. First vibration sensor; 15. Second vibration sensor; 16. Third vibration sensor; 17. Fourth vibration sensor; 18. Fifth vibration sensor; 19. Sixth vibration sensor; 20. Digital display instrument; 21. Signal line; 22. PLC; 23. First network cable; 24. Centralized control screen terminal; 25. Second network cable; 26. Ground. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] See Figure 1 A vibration detection system for a tobacco dust removal fan includes a motor 1, a motor output shaft 2, a fan 11, and a fan input shaft 5, and further includes:

[0048] The bearing assembly is mounted on the fan input shaft 5;

[0049] The vibration detection assembly includes at least three vibration sensors, which are respectively mounted on the motor 1, the bearing assembly, and the fan 11. The detection axis of the vibration sensor mounted on the motor 1 is perpendicular to the motor output shaft 2, and the detection axis of the vibration sensor mounted on the bearing assembly is perpendicular to the fan input shaft 5.

[0050] The monitoring component has its signal input terminal electrically connected to the vibration detection component.

[0051] Specifically, the motor output shaft 2 extends from one end of the motor 1 housing, and the fan input shaft 5 extends from one end of the fan housing 12 and is securely connected to the center of the fan 11 impeller. The motor output shaft 2 and the fan input shaft 5 are coaxially arranged, and torque is transmitted between them through a coupling 4. A bearing assembly is installed on the fan input shaft 5 to support the bracket 10, thereby supporting the fan input shaft 5 at a predetermined height and keeping its axis of rotation horizontal. It should be noted that both the motor 1 and the fan 11 are existing technologies, and their specific structures and working principles will not be described in detail here.

[0052] The vibration detection assembly includes at least three vibration sensors. Each vibration sensor converts the sensed mechanical vibration into an electrical signal output. The vibration sensor mounted on the outer surface of the motor 1 housing has its detection axis perpendicular to the axis of the motor output shaft 2, thus maximizing its sensitivity to the radial vibration component of the motor 1. The vibration sensor mounted on the bearing assembly is located between the motor 1 and the fan 11, within the transition section of the coupling 4. Its detection axis is perpendicular to the axis of the fan input shaft 5, thus maximizing its sensitivity to radial vibrations caused by misalignment or bearing wear in the transition section of the coupling 4. The vibration sensor mounted on the outer surface of the fan housing 12 is located on the side or top of the fan housing 12 and is used to sense the mechanical vibration of the fan 11 during operation.

[0053] The monitoring component has its signal input terminal electrically connected to the signal output terminals of each vibration sensor. The monitoring component processes the received electrical signals and displays the processed vibration information.

[0054] After motor 1 starts, the motor output shaft 2 drives the fan input shaft 5 to rotate synchronously through coupling 4, and the impeller of fan 11 rotates accordingly, generating airflow. During operation, factors such as rotor imbalance inside motor 1, bearing wear, misalignment or aging of the elastic body in coupling 4, and dust accumulation and imbalance of the impeller of fan 11 can all cause mechanical vibration. These mechanical vibrations are transmitted outward from the vibration source in the form of stress waves along the shaft system and support structure, eventually reaching the surfaces of motor 1 housing, bearing assembly housing, and fan housing 12.

[0055] Traditional techniques often employ manual, handheld vibration meters for single-point inspections. However, single-point inspections only collect discrete data from a single part of the motor 1 or fan 11 at different times. Because the data from each measuring point is acquired asynchronously, they are isolated from each other, making it impossible to obtain the spatial amplitude distribution of vibration along the transmission chain at the same moment. Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish whether the vibration originates from the motor 1, coupling 4, or fan 11, resulting in a high misjudgment rate. This application establishes synchronous vibration observation points on the motor 1 side, the transition zone of coupling 4, and the fan 11 side of the transmission chain by installing vibration sensors on the motor 1, bearing assembly, and fan 11 respectively. During equipment operation, each sensor converts the vibration at its respective installation location into an electrical signal and transmits it to the monitoring component. The monitoring component can simultaneously acquire the vibration amplitude at the three locations—motor 1, bearing assembly, and fan 11—at the same moment. Based on the synchronously acquired spatial amplitude distribution information, the monitoring component can compare the relative magnitudes of the vibration amplitudes at the three locations, thereby providing a basis for determining whether the vibration source is mainly located on the motor 1 side, the transition zone of the coupling 4, or the fan 11 side, thus reducing the risk of misjudgment of faults caused by the inability to obtain the spatial amplitude distribution at the same time due to single-point inspection.

[0056] Furthermore, when the radial amplitude on the motor 1 side is significantly higher than the other two, it is tended to determine that the vibration source is located on the motor 1 side; when the radial amplitude on the bearing assembly side is relatively high, it is tended to determine that the vibration source is located in the transition zone of the coupling 4; when the amplitude on the fan 11 side is relatively high, it is tended to determine that the vibration source is located on the fan 11 side.

[0057] In this application, based on the transmission characteristics of coupling 4, multi-dimensional vibration monitoring of key parts of motor 1, fan 11, and coupling 4 is realized, which can provide early warning of potential problems such as coaxiality deviation and component wear, avoid safety accidents such as equipment breakage and dust leakage caused by excessive vibration, and ensure the safety of personnel and factory buildings.

[0058] In this application, by monitoring the vibration status in real time, potential faults can be detected and dealt with in a timely manner, unplanned downtime can be reduced, the continuous and stable operation of the dust removal system can be ensured, and the excessive dust emissions from tobacco production due to dust removal failure can be avoided, thus meeting the industry's environmental protection and production compliance requirements.

[0059] In this application, by analyzing vibration data from multiple measurement points, the source of faults in motor 1, fan 11, and coupling 4 can be distinguished, solving the problem of traditional monitoring that "only knows that the vibration exceeds the standard, but does not know the root cause of the fault", and providing maintenance personnel with a clear direction for repair.

[0060] This application replaces manual inspection with automatic detection, achieving 24-hour uninterrupted monitoring and preventive early warning, avoiding blind maintenance and excessive replacement of parts, extending the service life of motor 1, fan 11 and coupling 4, and reducing maintenance manpower and material costs.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] See Figure 1 Based on Embodiment 1, optionally, the motor output shaft 2 and the fan input shaft 5 are connected by a coupling 4, and the bearing assembly includes:

[0063] A first bearing 6 is mounted on the fan input shaft 5 and located near the coupling 4. The first bearing 6 is installed in the first bearing housing 7.

[0064] A second bearing 8 is mounted on the fan input shaft 5 and located near the end of the fan 11. The second bearing 8 is installed in the second bearing housing 9.

[0065] The first bearing seat 7 and the second bearing seat 9 are fixed to the ground 26 by the bracket 10.

[0066] Specifically, the first bearing 6 is located at the end near the coupling 4, that is, the first bearing 6 is axially positioned between the coupling 4 and the second bearing 8. The first bearing 6 is installed in the first bearing housing 7, which has an inner bore. The outer ring of the first bearing 6 is interference-fitted or transition-fitted with the inner bore of the first bearing housing 7, and the inner ring of the first bearing 6 is interference-fitted with the outer surface of the fan input shaft 5. The bottom of the first bearing housing 7 is provided with a mounting base, which is fastened to the upper end face of the bracket 10 by bolts.

[0067] The second bearing 8 is located at the end closest to the fan 11, that is, the second bearing 8 is axially positioned between the first bearing 6 and the fan 11. The second bearing 8 is installed in the second bearing housing 9, the outer ring of the second bearing 8 mates with the inner hole of the second bearing housing 9, and the inner ring of the second bearing 8 mates with the outer circular surface of the fan input shaft 5. The bottom of the second bearing housing 9 is also provided with a mounting base, which is fastened to the upper end face of the bracket 10 by bolts.

[0068] The lower end of the bracket 10 is fixed to the ground 26, thereby supporting the first bearing seat 7 and the second bearing seat 9 at a predetermined height and keeping the axis of the fan input shaft 5 horizontal. The first bearing seat 7 and the second bearing seat 9 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the fan input shaft 5, and together they form a double-support structure for the fan input shaft 5.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first bearing 6 and the second bearing 8 respectively bear the radial and axial loads at both ends of the fan input shaft 5, and transmit the vibration force to the corresponding bearing housing. This structure provides a supporting basis for installing vibration sensors on the bearing assembly housing to capture the vibration response of the transition section of the coupling 4.

[0070] Example 3:

[0071] See Figure 1 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the vibration detection component includes:

[0072] The first vibration sensor 14 is installed on the radial bearing surface of the fan end of the motor 1, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the motor output shaft 2;

[0073] The second vibration sensor 15 is installed on the radial bearing surface of the load end of the motor 1, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the output shaft 2 of the motor.

[0074] The third vibration sensor 16 is installed on the outer casing of the first bearing housing 7 on the side away from the bracket 10, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the fan input shaft 5;

[0075] The fourth vibration sensor 17 is installed on the outer casing of the second bearing housing 9 on the side away from the bracket 10, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the fan input shaft 5;

[0076] The fifth vibration sensor 18 is installed on the outer casing of the fan 11 near the second bearing housing 9, and its detection axis is parallel to the fan input shaft 5;

[0077] The sixth vibration sensor 19 is installed on the outer casing of the fan 11 on the side away from the ground 26, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the fan input shaft 5.

[0078] Specifically, the radial bearing surface of the fan end of motor 1 bears the unbalanced force of the rotor inside motor 1 and the radial load of the fan end. The first vibration sensor 14 is installed on the radial bearing surface, and its detection axis is perpendicular to the output shaft 2 of the motor. That is, the sensitive direction of the first vibration sensor 14 is along the radial direction of the motor 1 housing, which can capture the radial vibration component of the fan end of motor 1 caused by rotor dynamic imbalance, bearing wear or foundation loosening to the greatest extent.

[0079] The load end of motor 1 bears the unbalanced force of the motor 1 rotor, the radial load of the load end bearing, and the additional radial vibration transmitted from coupling 4. By mounting the second vibration sensor 15 on this radial bearing surface with its detection axis perpendicular to the motor output shaft 2, the radial vibration component of the load end of motor 1 can be effectively captured. This radial vibration signal includes both the fault characteristics of the motor 1 body (load end bearing, rotor) and the vibration response transmitted to motor 1 from coupling 4. In conjunction with the first vibration sensor 14 mounted on the fan end of motor 1, by comparing the relative magnitude and trend of the radial vibration amplitudes at both ends, a basis can be provided for determining whether the vibration source is mainly located in the motor 1 body or transmitted from coupling 4. The perpendicularity of the axis ensures that the sensor has maximum sensitivity to radial vibration, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy and comparability of the measured data.

[0080] Furthermore, when the vibration amplitudes of the first vibration sensor 14 (radial at the fan end of motor 1) and the second vibration sensor 15 (radial at the load end of motor 1) increase synchronously, and the amplitude of the first vibration sensor 14 is greater than or equal to the amplitude of the second vibration sensor 15, it is tended to be determined that the vibration source is mainly located in the motor 1 body (e.g., rotor imbalance, wear of the fan end / load end bearings, loose stator core, uneven air gap). When the amplitude of the second vibration sensor 15 is significantly higher than the amplitude of the first vibration sensor 14, and the amplitude of the first vibration sensor 14 does not change significantly, it is tended to be determined that the vibration source mainly comes from the transmission from the coupling 4 side (e.g., misalignment, wear, loose bolts of coupling 4), rather than a fault in the motor 1 body.

[0081] The first bearing housing 7 has a mounting side near the bracket 10 and a top side away from the bracket 10. The third vibration sensor 16 is fixed to the top housing of the first bearing housing 7. The detection axis of the third vibration sensor 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the fan input shaft 5, that is, its sensing direction is radial along the first bearing housing 7. The radial excitation force generated by misalignment or wear of the coupling 4 is transmitted to the fan 11 side through the fan input shaft 5, first acting on the first bearing housing 7 near the coupling 4, and then transmitted to the second bearing housing 9 near the fan 11.

[0082] The second bearing housing 9 has a mounting side near the bracket 10 and a top side away from the bracket 10. The fourth vibration sensor 17 is fixed to the top housing of the second bearing housing 9. The detection axis of the fourth vibration sensor 17 is perpendicular to the axis of the fan input shaft 5, that is, its sensitive direction is along the radial direction of the second bearing housing 9. It is used to capture the radial vibration response of the fan input shaft 5 at the bearing support near the fan 11.

[0083] The vibration force attenuates during transmission along the fan input shaft 5. The radial vibration caused by a failure in coupling 4 typically responds more strongly at the first bearing housing 7 than at the second bearing housing 9. By comparing the radial vibration amplitudes acquired by the third vibration sensor 16 and the fourth vibration sensor 17 at the same moment, the attenuation gradient of the vibration along the fan input shaft 5 can be obtained. If the radial vibration amplitude at the first bearing housing 7 is significantly higher than that at the second bearing housing 9, and both fluctuate synchronously with the operating state of coupling 4, it tends to indicate that the vibration excitation originates from the coupling 4 side.

[0084] The fan housing 12 has an axial end face near the second bearing housing 9. A fifth vibration sensor 18 is fixed to this end face. The detection axis of the fifth vibration sensor 18 is parallel to the axis of the fan input shaft 5, meaning its sensing direction is along the axial direction of the fan housing 12. This axial sensing direction is used to capture the axial vibration component of the fan housing 12. In addition to causing radial vibration, misalignment of the coupling 4 also generates an axial alternating force. This axial force is transmitted to the fan housing 12 through the fan input shaft 5 and the bearing assembly, causing axial vibration of the housing. The axial arrangement of the fifth vibration sensor 18 allows it to sense this axial vibration characteristic, complementing the direction of the radial sensor on the bearing housing, thus providing a monitoring basis for identifying axial movement caused by misalignment of the coupling 4.

[0085] The sixth vibration sensor 19 is mounted on the side of the fan 11 housing away from the ground 26. The top area of ​​the fan housing 12 is the surface away from the ground 26. The sixth vibration sensor 19 is fixed to this top housing. The detection axis of the sixth vibration sensor 19 is perpendicular to the axis of the fan input shaft 5, that is, its sensing direction is vertical. As a thin-walled structure, the fan housing 12 has relatively low vertical stiffness and is highly sensitive to the vertical response of internal vibrations and external excitations. The sixth vibration sensor 19 is used to capture the vertical vibration at the top of the fan housing 12. This vibration response includes both the radial vibration component at the top of the housing caused by the impeller imbalance of the fan 11 body and the vertical vibration caused by the resonance of the housing structure itself or the loosening of the foundation. By comparing the signals with other sensor signals mounted on the fan 11 body or bearing housing, it can be used to distinguish between fan 11 body faults and loosening or resonance interference of the housing structure, thereby improving the accuracy of vibration source determination.

[0086] Furthermore, when the amplitude of the sixth vibration sensor 19 (vertical vibration at the top of the fan housing 12) increases significantly, while the amplitude of the fourth vibration sensor 17 (radial vibration of the second bearing housing 9) does not change significantly, it is likely that the vibration source is a structural problem of the fan housing 12 itself (such as loose feet or housing resonance), rather than a fault in the fan 11 itself.

[0087] When the vibration amplitudes of the sixth vibration sensor 19 and the fourth vibration sensor 17 increase synchronously, and the amplitude gradients of the fourth vibration sensor 17 and the third vibration sensor 16 (radial vibration of the first bearing housing 7) conform to the attenuation law from the fan 11 side to the coupling 4 side, it is likely that the vibration source is a fault in the fan 11 body.

[0088] It should be noted that the above sensors are vibration sensors of the same model, sensitivity, and calibration status, and are installed using the same bolt rigid mounting method and installation torque.

[0089] Example 4:

[0090] See Figure 1 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the monitoring component includes:

[0091] The digital display instrument 20 has its signal input terminal connected to the signal output terminals of the first vibration sensor 14, the second vibration sensor 15, the third vibration sensor 16, the fourth vibration sensor 17, the fifth vibration sensor 18, and the sixth vibration sensor 19 respectively via signal lines 21.

[0092] PLC22, whose signal input terminal is connected to the signal output terminal of digital display instrument 20 via first network cable 23;

[0093] The signal input terminal of the centralized control screen terminal 24 is connected to the signal output terminal of the PLC 22 via the second network cable 25.

[0094] Specifically, the digital display instrument 20 synchronously receives the voltage signals output by the first to sixth vibration sensors 19 through multiple independent analog input channels, ensuring the time consistency of data from each measuring point and providing a basis for subsequent spatial amplitude comparison. The digital display instrument 20 performs digital filtering on the raw vibration signal, filtering out common industrial frequency interference and high-frequency random noise, improving the signal-to-noise ratio; it also automatically calculates various commonly used vibration parameters. The vibration values ​​and operating status of the six measuring points are displayed in real time on the instrument's screen. It supports setting multiple alarm thresholds independently for each measuring point. When the vibration amplitude exceeds the limit, a local audible and visual alarm is immediately triggered, alerting on-site inspection personnel to take timely action. The digital display instrument 20 transmits the pre-processed digital vibration data to the backend PLC 22 in real time via an industrial communication protocol for further logical operations and analysis.

[0095] The PLC22 synchronously reads real-time vibration data from six measuring points uploaded by the digital display instrument 20 at fixed intervals. It has a built-in storage module that can store historical vibration data and all fault alarm records, supporting data retention even after power loss, facilitating fault tracing and analysis. A pre-written logic program automatically completes vibration source location and fault differentiation according to the aforementioned criteria: comparing the amplitudes of the first and second vibration sensors 15 to distinguish between motor 1 body faults and vibration transmitted from the coupling 4 side; comparing the amplitude gradients of the third and fourth vibration sensors 17 to distinguish between coupling 4 side faults and fan 11 side faults; combining the axial vibration signal from the fifth vibration sensor 18 to identify coupling 4 misalignment faults; and comparing the amplitudes of the sixth vibration sensor 19 and the fourth vibration sensor 17 to distinguish between fan 11 body faults and casing structure faults.

[0096] Based on the vibration source location results and the vibration exceedance level, corresponding fault alarm signals are output; multiple relay output interfaces are reserved, which can be linked with the emergency shutdown system of fan 11. When a serious fault occurs, the shutdown protection is automatically triggered to prevent equipment damage. Real-time vibration data, vibration source location results, and fault alarm information are uploaded to the centralized control screen terminal 24 via the industrial Ethernet protocol; at the same time, parameter setting instructions issued by the centralized control screen terminal 24 are received and forwarded to the digital display instrument 20 for execution.

[0097] The centralized control terminal 24 can be a host computer running configuration software, such as Siemens WinCC. The terminal displays the vibration amplitude values ​​collected by the six vibration sensors in real time, either numerically or graphically, and supports viewing vibration trend curves and historical alarm records for each measuring point. Operators can obtain the vibration source section determination results output by the PLC 22 through the terminal. The terminal also provides historical data query and export functions, facilitating fault tracing and analysis.

[0098] Signal line 21 is a shielded cable with an explosion-proof outer tube to suppress signal interference caused by dust adhesion and electromagnetic radiation.

[0099] The workflow of this embodiment is as follows: When the equipment is running, six vibration sensors collect vibration signals at corresponding locations in real time and convert them into voltage signals, which are then transmitted to the digital display instrument 20. After completing signal filtering, A / D conversion, and local display, the digital display instrument 20 uploads the digital signals to the PLC 22. The PLC 22 uploads the received data to the centralized control screen terminal 24 via a communication link. Operators can view the vibration data of each measuring point in real time through the centralized control screen terminal 24 in the central control room, without having to go to the site for single-point inspection.

[0100] Optionally, the motor 1 is fixed to the ground 26 via the first base 3, and the fan 11 is fixed to the ground 26 via the second base 13.

[0101] Specifically, the vibration generated by the operation of motor 1 is mainly transmitted to ground 26 through the first base 3, and the vibration generated by the operation of fan 11 is mainly transmitted to ground 26 through the second base 13. By splitting the vibration transmission path through the common base, the vibration generated in the transmission chain is transmitted axially through coupling 4, shaft and bearing assembly, avoiding amplitude distortion caused by base resonance and cross interference, and making the vibration amplitude of different measuring points comparable.

[0102] Optionally, the monitoring component is electrically connected to an audible and visual alarm.

[0103] Specifically, when the monitoring component detects that the vibration amplitude at any vibration measuring point exceeds the preset safety range, the monitoring component outputs a trigger signal to the audible and visual alarm, driving the alarm to emit an audible alarm and a flashing light signal. The audible and visual alarm is installed at the equipment site, and its emitted audible and visual signals can immediately attract the attention of on-site inspectors or nearby operators, reminding them that the transmission system of the tobacco dust collector fan 11 is experiencing abnormal vibration and requires timely inspection and appropriate measures. This on-site alarm function complements the alarm display on the remote centralized control terminal 24, ensuring that operators can still be aware of equipment abnormalities immediately when they are away from the monitoring screen, reducing the risk of escalation of the fault due to failure to respond to alarms in a timely manner.

[0104] Optionally, the first vibration sensor 14, the second vibration sensor 15, the third vibration sensor 16, the fourth vibration sensor 17, the fifth vibration sensor 18 and the sixth vibration sensor 19 are all piezoelectric accelerometers.

[0105] Specifically, the piezoelectric accelerometer contains a piezoelectric element and a mass. When the sensor base vibrates with the measured surface, the mass applies an alternating inertial force to the piezoelectric element, generating a charge signal on the surface of the piezoelectric element that is proportional to the vibration acceleration. This sensor has the following applicable characteristics:

[0106] First, it has a wide frequency response range, which can cover the vibration frequency range corresponding to common faults in rotating machinery (such as imbalance, misalignment, and bearing wear), ensuring that each measuring point can completely capture the vibration characteristics caused by the fault.

[0107] Secondly, it is small in size and light in weight, making it easy to install on the radial bearing surface of the motor end cover, the top shell of the bearing housing, the side wall and top of the fan housing 12, etc., by means of magnetic base or thread.

[0108] Third, the output signal is proportional to the vibration acceleration, and the signal amplitude directly reflects the vibration intensity, providing a comparable data basis for the monitoring components to synchronously acquire the vibration amplitude of each measuring point.

[0109] Fourth, its unidirectional sensitivity characteristic makes it highly sensitive only to vibrations in the direction of the detection axis. In this application, the detection axes of the first to fourth vibration sensors 17 and the sixth vibration sensor 19 are all set according to the main vibration direction of the corresponding measuring point. This sensor characteristic precisely meets the selective capture requirements of each measuring point for vibration components in a specific direction.

[0110] Example 5:

[0111] See Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments, this application provides a vibration detection method for a tobacco dust collector fan, applied to the vibration detection system for a tobacco dust collector fan as described above. The method includes:

[0112] S1, when the motor 1 and the fan 11 are detected to be in operation, the vibration amplitude values ​​output by the vibration sensors installed on the motor 1, the bearing assembly and the fan 11 at the same time are obtained;

[0113] S2, compare the relative magnitudes of the vibration amplitudes at the three locations, and determine the section with the largest vibration amplitude as the location of the vibration source.

[0114] Specifically, when motor 1 and fan 11 are detected to be in operation, the monitoring component synchronously acquires the vibration amplitude values ​​output by vibration sensors installed on motor 1, bearing assembly, and fan 11 at the same moment. Whether motor 1 and fan 11 have entered the operating state can be determined by the monitoring component detecting the current signal of motor 1, receiving system start commands, or monitoring the vibration amplitude from zero to a preset start threshold. After synchronously acquiring the three vibration amplitude values, the relative magnitudes of the three vibration amplitude values ​​corresponding to motor 1, bearing assembly, and fan 11 at the same moment are compared. Because vibration energy attenuates during transmission in the transmission chain, the vibration amplitude of the section where the vibration source is located is usually relatively high at the same moment. The monitoring component determines the section where the vibration source is located as the one with the largest value among the three vibration amplitude values.

[0115] Furthermore, in step S2, determining the section with the largest vibration amplitude as the location of the vibration source specifically includes:

[0116] When the vibration amplitude corresponding to motor 1 is the largest, it is determined that the vibration source is located in the section of motor 1;

[0117] When the vibration amplitude corresponding to the bearing assembly is the largest, it is determined that the vibration source is located in the transition section of coupling 4;

[0118] When the vibration amplitude corresponding to fan 11 is the largest, it is determined that the vibration source is located in the section of fan 11.

[0119] The determination result can be displayed or output through the monitoring component for operators' reference. Using the above method, this application can simultaneously acquire the vibration amplitude of three sections of the transmission chain during equipment operation, and preliminarily locate the vibration source section based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the amplitude at the same time, providing directional guidance for subsequent fault diagnosis.

[0120] Example 6:

[0121] Based on Embodiment 5, optionally, the step S2 is followed by:

[0122] S3, compare the vibration amplitude at the three locations with a preset threshold;

[0123] S4, when the vibration amplitude at any point exceeds the preset threshold, an alarm trigger signal is output;

[0124] S5 generates a pop-up alarm message and records the alarm event.

[0125] Specifically, after the monitoring component completes the determination of the vibration source section, it compares the vibration amplitudes of the three locations—motor 1, bearing assembly, and fan 11—acquired simultaneously with preset thresholds. These preset thresholds can be pre-set and stored in the monitoring component based on equipment type, operating conditions, and historical experience data, serving as a benchmark for determining whether the vibration exceeds the standard.

[0126] When the value of any of the three vibration amplitudes exceeds its corresponding preset threshold, the monitoring component outputs an alarm trigger signal. This alarm trigger signal can be used to drive on-site audible and visual alarm devices or trigger other alarm response actions.

[0127] In response to the alarm trigger signal, the monitoring component generates a pop-up alarm message and records the alarm event. The pop-up alarm message may include the time of alarm occurrence, the location of the out-of-limit measuring point, and the corresponding vibration amplitude value. The alarm event record is stored in the monitoring component's storage module for subsequent querying and fault tracing.

[0128] Through the above steps, this method can further monitor whether the vibration amplitude exceeds the safe range based on the determination of the vibration source section, and automatically trigger alarms and event recordings when the limit is exceeded, so that operators can be informed of abnormal equipment status and obtain relevant alarm information in a timely manner.

[0129] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A vibration detection system for a tobacco dust collector fan, comprising a motor (1), a motor output shaft (2), a fan (11), and a fan input shaft (5), characterized in that, Also includes: The bearing assembly is mounted on the fan input shaft (5); The vibration detection assembly includes at least three vibration sensors, which are respectively mounted on the motor (1), the bearing assembly and the fan (11). The detection axis of the vibration sensor mounted on the motor (1) is perpendicular to the output shaft (2) of the motor, and the detection axis of the vibration sensor mounted on the bearing assembly is perpendicular to the input shaft (5) of the fan. The monitoring component has its signal input terminal electrically connected to the vibration detection component.

2. The vibration detection system for tobacco dust collector fans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor output shaft (2) and the fan input shaft (5) are connected by a coupling (4), and the bearing assembly includes: The first bearing (6) is mounted on the input shaft (5) of the fan and located near the end of the coupling (4). The first bearing (6) is installed in the first bearing housing (7). A second bearing (8) is mounted on the fan input shaft (5) and located near the fan (11) at one end. The second bearing (8) is installed in the second bearing housing (9). The first bearing seat (7) and the second bearing seat (9) are fixed to the ground (26) by a bracket (10).

3. The vibration detection system for tobacco dust collector fans according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration detection component mentioned above includes: The first vibration sensor (14) is installed on the radial bearing surface of the fan end of the motor (1), and its detection axis is perpendicular to the output shaft (2) of the motor. The second vibration sensor (15) is installed on the radial bearing surface of the load end of the motor (1), and its detection axis is perpendicular to the output shaft (2) of the motor. The third vibration sensor (16) is installed on the outer casing of the first bearing housing (7) on the side away from the bracket (10), and its detection axis is perpendicular to the fan input shaft (5). The fourth vibration sensor (17) is installed on the outer casing of the second bearing housing (9) on the side away from the bracket (10), and its detection axis is perpendicular to the fan input shaft (5). The fifth vibration sensor (18) is installed on the outer casing of the fan (11) near the second bearing housing (9), and its detection axis is parallel to the fan input shaft (5). The sixth vibration sensor (19) is installed on the outer casing of the fan (11) on the side away from the ground (26), and its detection axis is perpendicular to the fan input shaft (5).

4. The vibration detection system for tobacco dust collector fans according to claim 3, characterized in that, The monitoring component includes: The digital display instrument (20) has its signal input terminal connected to the signal output terminals of the first vibration sensor (14), the second vibration sensor (15), the third vibration sensor (16), the fourth vibration sensor (17), the fifth vibration sensor (18), and the sixth vibration sensor (19) respectively via signal lines (21); The signal input terminal of the PLC (22) is connected to the signal output terminal of the digital display instrument (20) via the first network cable (23); The signal input terminal of the centralized control screen terminal (24) is connected to the signal output terminal of the PLC (22) via the second network cable (25).

5. The vibration detection system for tobacco dust collector fans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor (1) is fixed to the ground (26) via the first base (3), and the fan (11) is fixed to the ground (26) via the second base (13).

6. The vibration detection system for tobacco dust collector fans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring component is electrically connected to an audible and visual alarm.

7. The vibration detection system for tobacco dust collector fans according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first vibration sensor (14), the second vibration sensor (15), the third vibration sensor (16), the fourth vibration sensor (17), the fifth vibration sensor (18) and the sixth vibration sensor (19) are all piezoelectric accelerometers.

8. A method for detecting vibration of a tobacco dust collector fan, characterized in that, The method, applied to the vibration detection system for tobacco dust collector fans as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprises: S1, when the motor (1) and fan (11) are detected to be in operation, the vibration amplitude values ​​output by the vibration sensors installed on the motor (1), bearing assembly and fan (11) at the same time are obtained; S2, compare the relative magnitudes of the vibration amplitudes at the three locations, and determine the section with the largest vibration amplitude as the location of the vibration source.

9. The method for detecting vibration of a tobacco dust collector fan according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, determining the section with the largest vibration amplitude as the vibration source specifically includes: When the vibration amplitude corresponding to motor (1) is the largest, it is determined that the vibration source is located in the section of motor (1); When the vibration amplitude corresponding to the bearing assembly is at its maximum, it is determined that the vibration source is located in the transition section of the coupling (4); When the vibration amplitude corresponding to the fan (11) is the largest, it is determined that the vibration source is located in the fan (11) section.

10. The method for detecting vibration of a tobacco dust collector fan according to claim 8, characterized in that, Following step S2, the following is also included: S3, compare the vibration amplitude at the three locations with a preset threshold; S4, when the vibration amplitude at any point exceeds the preset threshold, an alarm trigger signal is output; S5 generates a pop-up alarm message and records the alarm event.

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