A volute-free centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function

Abstract

This invention discloses a volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function in the field of centrifugal fan technology. It includes an impeller and a motor for driving the impeller rotation, as well as a collector assembly located at the impeller inlet for smoothly guiding airflow into the impeller; and a frame for fixing the motor and collector assembly. The collector assembly includes a collector body, an adjustment ring located in the throat region inside the collector body, and a drive mechanism. The adjustment ring is formed by multiple circumferentially evenly distributed arc-shaped blocks, with the inner edges of each arc-shaped block forming a central flow passage. The drive mechanism drives each arc-shaped block to move radially along the collector body to adjust the diameter of the central flow passage. This fan uses multiple arc-shaped blocks to form an adjustable central flow passage, which can change the throat flow diameter in real time according to the actual operating conditions of the fan, adaptively matching different flow rate and air pressure requirements, and significantly widening the fan's high-efficiency operating range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of centrifugal fan technology, and specifically to a volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function. Background Technology

[0002] Scrollless centrifugal fans have a compact structure and wide application. Since the flow guiding and diffusion functions of the traditional volute are eliminated, the flow field structure of the scrollless centrifugal fan is more open and more sensitive to the inlet airflow. The collector, as a key inlet flow guiding component, directly determines the efficiency and noise level of the fan.

[0003] Traditional wind turbine collectors often use a fixed throat diameter structure, which cannot be adjusted in real time according to operating conditions. When operating outside the design conditions, a local backflow zone is easily formed near the impeller leading edge, making it difficult for airflow to enter the impeller stably and smoothly. This results in poor flow field uniformity and the generation of pre-swirl, secondary vortices, and local flow separation. At the same time, backflow, vortices, and angle-of-attack fluctuations reduce the wind turbine's operating efficiency and generate noise.

[0004] The few existing adjustable collectors mostly adopt a multi-lobe adjustment structure. Although they can achieve a certain change in the flow area, there are gaps between the lobe bodies, which can easily cause gas leakage, induce gap eddies and aerodynamic noise. It is difficult to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of suppressing backflow and rectifying and stabilizing the flow, and the overall adjustment effect and operational stability are limited.

[0005] To address these issues, a volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function, which solves the problem that the flow area of ​​the inlet collector of existing volute-less centrifugal fans is difficult to automatically adapt to the fan operating conditions.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field regulation function includes an impeller and a motor for driving the impeller to rotate, and also includes... A collector assembly is located at the impeller inlet and is used to smoothly guide the airflow into the impeller; A frame for securing the motor and collector assembly; The collector assembly includes a collector body, an adjustment ring located in the throat region inside the collector body, and a drive mechanism. The adjustment ring is formed by multiple arc-shaped blocks evenly distributed circumferentially, with the inner edges of each arc-shaped block forming a central flow passage. The drive mechanism is used to drive each arc-shaped block to move radially along the collector body to adjust the diameter of the central flow passage and adapt to the flow field requirements under different operating conditions.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the impeller includes a front disc, a rear disc, and multiple blades; the blades are fixedly disposed between the front disc and the rear disc and are evenly distributed circumferentially, and the rear disc is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, the collector body is horn-shaped, and its outlet end extends to the inner side of the front plate; the throat region of the collector body is provided with a mounting cavity and a first annular groove, the mounting cavity is used to accommodate an adjusting ring, and the first annular groove is used to accommodate a drive mechanism.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the arc-shaped block has a guide surface on the side facing the central flow hole and a wedge surface on the side away from the central flow hole; the driving mechanism includes a first driving ring disposed in the first annular groove and a driving component for driving the first driving ring to move axially; a plurality of second movable rods corresponding one-to-one with the arc-shaped block are fixedly disposed on the end face of the first driving ring, and a wedge block that cooperates with the wedge surface is fixedly disposed at the end of the second movable rod.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, both the arc-shaped block and the first driving ring are provided with a guide and reset structure; the guide and reset structure of the arc-shaped block includes a first fixed seat fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity, a first movable rod fixedly disposed on the first fixed seat, and a first spring sleeved on the first movable rod, the first movable rod being movably inserted into the arc-shaped block; the guide and reset structure of the first driving ring includes a second fixed seat fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the first ring groove, and a second spring sleeved on the second movable rod, the second movable rod being movably inserted through the second fixed seat.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the collector assembly further includes a sensing unit for monitoring the flow field state; the sensing unit includes an inlet pressure sensor embedded in the inner wall of the inlet end of the collector body, and an outlet pressure sensor embedded in the inner wall of the outlet end of the collector body.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the collector assembly further includes an airbag unit for providing an elastic seal and eliminating leakage gaps between adjacent arc-shaped blocks; the airbag unit includes multiple airbags, each airbag being disposed between two adjacent arc-shaped blocks, and the two sides of the airbag being fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped blocks respectively; the side of the airbag facing the central flow hole is provided with a flow guide surface, and the side away from the central flow hole is provided with an inflation / deflation pipe.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the airbag unit further includes a second driving ring for controlling the inflation and deflation of the airbag body; the throat region of the collector body is also provided with a second annular groove, the second driving ring is disposed in the second annular groove, and an air cavity is formed between the second driving ring and the second annular groove, and the inflation and deflation pipe is connected to the air cavity.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, a connecting frame is fixedly provided on the second drive ring, and one end of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the first drive ring to realize synchronous axial movement of the second drive ring and the first drive ring.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses multiple arc-shaped blocks to form an adjustable central flow passage, which can change the throat flow diameter in real time according to the actual operating conditions of the fan, adaptively matching different flow and air pressure requirements, greatly expanding the efficient operating range of the fan. At the same time, the streamlined shape of the arc-shaped blocks effectively guides the airflow smoothly into the impeller, greatly reducing intake impact loss and turbulence noise.

[0017] 2. During the process of adjusting the diameter of the central flow hole, the airbag unit of the present invention can fill the gap between adjacent arc blocks in real time, ensuring that the inner wall of the flow channel is continuous, smooth and sealed, avoiding airflow leakage, local eddies and aerodynamic noise, and further improving the operating stability and quietness of the fan in the entire operating range. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the collector body of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the current collector assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting ring and driving mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing unit structure of the current collector assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the airbag unit of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the airbag unit and the collector body of the present invention.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Impeller; 101. Front plate; 102. Rear plate; 103. Blade; 2. Motor; 3. Collector body; 301. First annular groove; 302. Second annular groove; 303. Inlet pressure sensor; 304. Outlet pressure sensor; 305. Mounting cavity; 4. Adjusting ring; 401. Arc-shaped block; 402. Wedge surface; 403. First fixed seat; 404. First movable rod; 405. First spring; 5. Drive mechanism; 501. First drive ring; 502. Second movable rod; 503. Wedge block; 504. Second fixed seat; 505. Second spring; 506. Drive component; 6. Airbag unit; 601. Airbag body; 602. Inflation / depression pipe; 603. Second drive ring; 604. Air chamber; 605. Connecting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0021] Example 1 To address the issue of the flow area of ​​existing volute-less centrifugal fan inlet collectors not automatically adapting to different fan operating conditions, please refer to... Figures 1-4 The present invention provides a volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function, comprising an impeller 1 and a motor 2 for driving the impeller 1 to rotate, and further comprising... The collector assembly is located at the air inlet of the impeller 1 and is used to smoothly guide the airflow into the impeller 1; The frame is used to fix and install the motor 2 and the collector assembly, supporting the entire volute-less centrifugal fan. (The attached diagram is omitted.) The collector assembly includes a collector body 3, an adjustment ring 4 located in the throat region inside the collector body 3, and a drive mechanism 5. The adjustment ring 4 is formed by multiple arc-shaped blocks 401 evenly distributed circumferentially. The inner edges of each arc-shaped block 401 together form a central flow passage. The drive mechanism 5 is used to drive each arc-shaped block 401 to move radially along the collector body 3 to adjust the diameter of the central flow passage, change the effective flow cross-sectional size, and adapt to the flow field requirements under different working conditions.

[0022] When the equipment is started, the motor 2 drives the impeller 1 to rotate, and the airflow is guided into the impeller 1 through the collector body 3. When the fan is in a low flow condition, the control drive mechanism 5 descends axially, driving each arc block 401 to move radially along the collector body 3 and converge towards the center, reducing the diameter of the central flow hole, suppressing backflow, and reducing eddy current losses. When the fan is in a high flow condition, the control drive mechanism 5 moves axially upward, and each arc block 401 moves radially along the collector body 3 and expands outward, increasing the diameter of the central flow hole and reducing the intake resistance, so as to adapt to the flow field requirements under different operating conditions.

[0023] Specifically, the impeller 1 includes a front disc 101, a rear disc 102, and multiple blades 103; the blades 103 are fixedly disposed between the front disc 101 and the rear disc 102 and are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the rear disc 102 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 2.

[0024] The collector body 3 is horn-shaped, with its outlet end extending to the inner side of the front disc 101. The outlet end is provided with a guide lip, which adopts a smooth arc transition structure to match the air intake profile of the front disc 101, effectively reducing airflow vortex and backflow phenomena at the air intake and reducing airflow impact loss. The throat area of ​​the collector body 3 is provided with a mounting cavity 305 and a first annular groove 301. The mounting cavity 305 is used to accommodate the adjusting ring 4, and the first annular groove 301 is used to accommodate the drive mechanism 5.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, the arc-shaped block 401 has a guide surface on the side facing the central flow hole. The guide surface is a smooth arc surface that can be adapted to the flow direction of the airflow, reducing the impact and separation of the airflow when it enters the impeller 1, and reducing the intake resistance and aerodynamic noise. The side away from the central flow hole has a wedge surface 402. The drive mechanism 5 includes a first drive ring 501 disposed in the first annular groove 301 and a drive member 506 for driving the first drive ring 501 to move axially. A plurality of second movable rods 502 corresponding one-to-one with the arc-shaped block 401 are fixed on the end face of the first drive ring 501. The end of the second movable rod 502 is fixed with a wedge block 503 that cooperates with the wedge surface 402 to convert the axial movement of the first drive ring 501 into the radial movement of the arc-shaped block 401.

[0026] Both the arc-shaped block 401 and the first drive ring 501 are provided with guide and reset structures to ensure the coaxiality and motion stability of the arc-shaped block 401 and the first drive ring 501 during movement. The guide and reset structure of the arc-shaped block 401 includes a first fixed seat 403 fixed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 305, a first movable rod 404 fixed on the first fixed seat 403, and a first spring 405 sleeved on the first movable rod 404. The first movable rod 404 is movably inserted into the arc-shaped block 401. The guide and reset structure of the first drive ring 501 includes a second fixed seat 504 fixed on the inner wall of the first ring groove 301, and a second spring 505 sleeved on the second movable rod 502. The second movable rod 502 movably passes through the second fixed seat 504.

[0027] In specific use, when the fan is in a low-flow condition, the drive component 506 pushes the first drive ring 501 to descend axially. The first drive ring 501 drives the wedge block 503 to move axially through the second movable rod 502. The wedge block 503 cooperates with the wedge surface 402 of the arc block 401, pushing the arc block 401 to retract towards the center, reducing the diameter of the central flow hole. At this time, the first spring 405 and the second spring 505 are compressed. When the fan is in a high-flow condition, the drive component 506 resets. Under the reset action of the first spring 405 and the second spring 505, the arc block 401 opens radially outward, increasing the diameter of the central flow hole.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, the collector assembly also includes a sensing unit for monitoring the flow field state and providing signal basis for adaptive adjustment. The sensing unit includes an inlet pressure sensor 303 embedded in the inner wall of the inlet end of the collector body 3 and an outlet pressure sensor 304 embedded in the inner wall of the outlet end of the collector body 3. The inlet pressure sensor 303 is used to collect the airflow pressure signal at the inlet of the fan, and the outlet pressure sensor 304 is used to collect the airflow pressure signal at the outlet side of the fan.

[0029] It should be noted that this fan is also equipped with a controller, which is electrically connected to the inlet pressure sensor 303, the outlet pressure sensor 304, and the drive unit 506. During the operation of the fan, the inlet pressure sensor 303 and the outlet pressure sensor 304 collect pressure signals in real time and transmit them to the controller. The controller calculates the inlet and outlet pressure difference based on the two pressure signals. When the fan is in a low flow condition, the inlet and outlet pressure difference is larger, and when the fan is in a high flow condition, the inlet and outlet pressure difference is smaller. The controller controls the drive unit 506 to perform corresponding actions based on the pressure difference signal to achieve adaptive adjustment.

[0030] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, to prevent airflow leakage from the gap between adjacent arc-shaped blocks 401, and to avoid the generation of eddies and noise, such as Figures 6-7As shown, the collector assembly also includes an airbag unit 6, which provides an elastic seal to eliminate leakage gaps between adjacent arc-shaped blocks 401. The airbag unit 6 includes multiple airbags 601, each airbag 601 being disposed between two adjacent arc-shaped blocks 401. The two sides of the airbag 601 are fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped blocks 401. The side of the airbag 601 facing the central flow hole is provided with a flow guide surface, which can smoothly connect with the flow guide surface of the arc-shaped block 401 to ensure smooth airflow. The side away from the central flow hole is provided with an inflation / deflation pipe 602.

[0031] The airbag unit 6 also includes a second drive ring 603 for controlling the inflation and deflation of the airbag body 601; a second annular groove 302 is also provided in the throat area of ​​the collector body 3, the second drive ring 603 is disposed in the second annular groove 302, and an air cavity 604 is formed between the second drive ring 603 and the second annular groove 302. The inflation and deflation pipe 602 is connected to the air cavity 604, so that the air cavity 604 and the interior of the airbag body 601 form a sealed air passage that can communicate with each other.

[0032] The airbag unit 6 is used to eliminate the gap between adjacent arc-shaped blocks 401 during the process of adjusting the diameter of the central flow hole by the adjusting ring 4, so as to achieve continuous sealing of the inner wall of the flow channel and avoid air leakage, eddies and noise generation.

[0033] In practical use, the movement of the airbag unit 6 is precisely matched with the radial adjustment of the arc-shaped block 401. When the fan is in a low-flow condition, the gap between adjacent arc-shaped blocks 401 decreases. By controlling the second drive ring 603 to descend axially, the volume of the air chamber 604 increases, creating a negative pressure inside the air chamber 604. The gas inside the airbag 601 flows back to the air chamber 604 through the inflation / deflation pipe 602. The airbag 601 contracts as the gap narrows, without affecting the retraction action of the arc-shaped block 401. It can also fit tightly against the inner wall of the gap to prevent airflow from leaking out of the gap; when the fan is in a high flow condition, the gap between adjacent arc blocks 401 becomes larger. By controlling the second drive ring 603 to rise axially, the volume of the air chamber 604 becomes smaller. The gas in the air chamber 604 is compressed and forced into the bladder 601 through the inflation and deflation pipe 602. The bladder 601 inflates and expands as the gap widens, filling the entire gap and forming a continuous and smooth annular flow channel together with the guide surface of the arc block 401.

[0034] In addition, in order to achieve coordination between the inflation and deflation of the bladder 601 and the gap change of the arc block 401, a connecting frame 605 is fixedly provided on the second drive ring 603. One end of the connecting frame 605 is fixedly connected to the first drive ring 501 to achieve synchronous axial movement of the second drive ring 603 and the first drive ring 501.

[0035] By setting the connecting frame 605, the second drive ring 603 and the first drive ring 501 form an integrated linkage movement, eliminating the need to configure a separate drive element and control program for the airbag unit 6. The structure is more compact and simple, and the action response is faster and more reliable. During the entire process of adjusting the throat flow diameter by the adjusting ring 4, the expansion and contraction of the airbag 601 can match the radial displacement of the arc block 401 in real time, ensuring that the gap between adjacent arc blocks 401 is reliably sealed.

[0036] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function, comprising an impeller (1) and a motor (2) for driving the impeller (1) to rotate, characterized in that: It also includes, The collector assembly is located at the air inlet of the impeller (1) and is used to smoothly guide the airflow into the impeller (1). A frame for fixing the motor (2) and the collector assembly; The collector assembly includes a collector body (3), an adjustment ring (4) located in the throat region inside the collector body (3), and a drive mechanism (5). The adjustment ring (4) is formed by multiple arc-shaped blocks (401) evenly distributed along the circumference. The inner edges of each arc-shaped block (401) together form a central flow hole. The driving mechanism (5) is used to drive each arc-shaped block (401) to move radially along the collector body (3) to adjust the diameter of the central flow hole and adapt to the flow field requirements under different working conditions.

2. A centrifugal fan without a volute and featuring adaptive flow field adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impeller (1) includes a front plate (101), a rear plate (102), and multiple blades (103). The blades (103) are fixedly disposed between the front plate (101) and the rear plate (102) and are evenly distributed along the circumference. The rear plate (102) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (2).

3. A centrifugal fan without a volute and featuring adaptive flow field adjustment function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The collector body (3) is horn-shaped, and its outlet end extends to the inside of the front plate (101); The throat region of the collector body (3) is provided with an installation cavity (305) and a first annular groove (301). The installation cavity (305) is used to accommodate the adjustment ring (4), and the first annular groove (301) is used to accommodate the drive mechanism (5).

4. A volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The arc-shaped block (401) has a guide surface on the side facing the central flow hole and a wedge surface (402) on the side away from the central flow hole. The drive mechanism (5) includes a first drive ring (501) disposed in the first annular groove (301) and a drive member (506) for driving the first drive ring (501) to move axially. The first drive ring (501) has a plurality of second movable rods (502) fixed on its end face, each corresponding to an arc block (401). The end of the second movable rod (502) is fixed with a wedge block (503) that cooperates with the wedge surface (402).

5. A volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the arc-shaped block (401) and the first drive ring (501) are provided with guide and reset structures; The guide and reset structure of the arc block (401) includes a first fixed seat (403) fixed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity (305), a first movable rod (404) fixed on the first fixed seat (403), and a first spring (405) sleeved on the first movable rod (404). The first movable rod (404) is movably inserted into the arc block (401). The guide reset structure of the first drive ring (501) includes a second fixed seat (504) fixed on the inner wall of the first ring groove (301) and a second spring (505) sleeved on the second movable rod (502), the second movable rod (502) moving through the second fixed seat (504).

6. A volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collector assembly also includes a sensing unit for monitoring the flow field state; The sensing unit includes an inlet pressure sensor (303) embedded in the inner wall of the inlet end of the collector body (3) and an outlet pressure sensor (304) embedded in the inner wall of the outlet end of the collector body (3).

7. A volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collector assembly also includes an airbag unit (6) for providing a resilient seal to eliminate leakage gaps between adjacent arcuate blocks (401); The airbag unit (6) includes multiple airbags (601), each airbag (601) is disposed between two adjacent arc blocks (401), and the two sides of the airbag (601) are fixedly connected to the corresponding arc blocks (401); The capsule (601) has a flow guide surface on the side facing the central flow hole and an inflation / deflation pipe (602) on the side away from the central flow hole.

8. A volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The airbag unit (6) also includes a second drive ring (603) for controlling the inflation and deflation of the airbag body (601); The throat area of ​​the collector body (3) is also provided with a second annular groove (302), the second driving ring (603) is provided in the second annular groove (302), and an air cavity (604) is formed between the second driving ring (603) and the second annular groove (302), and the charging and discharging pipe (602) is connected to the air cavity (604).

9. A volute-less centrifugal fan with adaptive flow field adjustment function according to claim 8, characterized in that, A connecting frame (605) is fixedly provided on the second drive ring (603). One end of the connecting frame (605) is fixedly connected to the first drive ring (501) to realize the synchronous axial movement of the second drive ring (603) and the first drive ring (501).

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