Multifunctional crown block prebaked anode charging method

Abstract

This application relates to the field of roasting furnace charging technology, and proposes a multi-functional overhead crane method for charging prebaked anodes, including the following steps: Deformation detection step: detecting and determining the location of deformation or damage on the inner wall of the roasting furnace hopper; Anode reversal step: according to the location of deformation or damage, the green anodes are reversed on the grouping machine through a flipping mechanism, adjusting the green anode protrusions that originally faced the deformed or damaged location to face the non-damaged area; Top protection step: covering the top of the reversed green anodes with a layer of cardboard; Material placement step: loading the reversed and top-protected green anodes into the roasting furnace hopper, and filling the interlayer material using a unidirectional alternating material placement method. This method does not require modification to the roasting furnace body, effectively solving the anode damage problem existing in the current charging method, significantly reducing the anode corner breakage rate, and improving the appearance qualification rate of prebaked anodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of baking and charging technology, and more specifically, to a multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method. Background Technology

[0002] Calcination is the final step in the production of prebaked anodes for aluminum and plays a decisive role in the final quality of the product. In the calcination process, the loading operation of the multi-functional overhead crane is one of the key links, and its operational quality directly affects the appearance qualification rate and performance of the prebaked anodes.

[0003] Currently, the furnace loading operation of multi-functional overhead cranes mainly relies on the individual experience and skills of operators, representing a highly human-machine integrated operation mode. Due to the lack of a standardized and unified method for furnace loading, different operators employ significantly different loading techniques, leading to inconsistent loading quality. In actual production, the following problems frequently occur: On the one hand, after long-term use, the inner wall of the calcining furnace inevitably deforms, breaks, or cracks. Under the current charging method, operators find it difficult to accurately identify and avoid these defective areas, resulting in the protrusions and other parts of the green anode directly facing the deformed or damaged parts of the furnace wall when it is loaded. During the calcination process, affected by factors such as thermal stress and the compression of the filler, these parts are easily damaged by the protrusions of the furnace wall, or suffer from defects such as chipping and cracking due to uneven stress when the filler sinks.

[0004] On the other hand, the current furnace charging methods for filling the interlayer material are rather crude, typically using reciprocating feeding or manual assistance, making it difficult to ensure the flatness and density of the interlayer material. Uneven distribution, local accumulation, or missing interlayer material leads to uneven stress on the upper layer of carbon blocks, resulting in chipped corner pieces during roasting. Statistics show that the number of chipped corner pieces caused by improper furnace charging operations is considerable, significantly increasing production costs and raw material waste.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a standardized and multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode loading method to solve the problem of anode corner breakage caused by furnace wall deformation and uneven material filling in the interlayer in the existing technology, improve the appearance qualification rate of prebaked anodes, and reduce production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address at least one of the aforementioned technical problems, this application proposes a multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method.

[0007] In view of this, this application proposes a multi-functional overhead crane prebaked anode loading method for loading operations in a roasting furnace, comprising the following steps: Deformation detection step: detecting and determining the location of deformation or damage on the inner wall of the roasting furnace hopper; Anode reversal step: according to the location of deformation or damage, reversing the green anodes on the grouping machine through a flipping mechanism, adjusting the green anode protrusions originally facing the deformed or damaged location to face the non-damaged area; Top protection step: covering the top of the reversed green anodes with a layer of cardboard; Material placement step: loading the reversed and top-protected green anodes into the hopper of the roasting furnace, and filling the interlayer material using a unidirectional alternating material placement method.

[0008] In some feasible implementations, the roasting furnace includes two opposing transverse walls, with a feed hopper located between the two transverse walls. The feed hopper comprises three layers, each containing seven char blocks. The unidirectional alternating feeding method specifically includes the following operations: placing the packing nozzle in the middle of the first char block, raising the packing tube so that its lower end is close to the starting transverse wall and centered; opening the packing valve, and after the packing tube is filled with packing material, controlling the overhead crane to move unidirectionally towards the seventh char block; when it reaches the position of the third char block, closing the packing valve, and continuing to move until it is between the seventh char block and the other transverse wall, raising the packing tube to its upper limit.

[0009] In some feasible methods, the operation of raising the packing tube includes: raising the packing tube to a slack state with the wire rope, and then continuing to raise it upwards a preset distance so that the lower end of the packing tube is higher than the upper surface of the carbon block; adjusting the packing tube to the material placement position.

[0010] In some feasible methods, when the crane travels unidirectionally toward the seventh carbon block, it maintains a constant speed, and the closing timing of the packing valve is controlled according to a preset position.

[0011] In some feasible implementations, the overhead crane carries a packing tube and a packing nozzle, with a position sensor on the packing tube to detect the relative height between the lower end of the packing tube and the upper surface of the carbon block.

[0012] In some feasible methods, the thickness of the cardboard is 3mm to 10mm. When the cardboard is wrapped, it covers the four corners of the green anode and is located between the interlayer material and the surface of the green anode after loading into the furnace, forming an elastic compensation layer.

[0013] In some feasible methods, the deformation detection step specifically includes: acquiring data on the unevenness of the inner wall of the calcining furnace feed box using a laser rangefinder or mechanical probe; marking the location as a severely deformed area when the height of the protrusion on the inner wall of the feed box is greater than 15mm or the depth of the damage is greater than 20mm; and determining the location of the green anode to be loaded into the corresponding feed box based on the severely deformed area.

[0014] In some feasible methods, the interlayer material is calcined petroleum coke particles with a particle size of 1 mm to 5 mm; the filler is screened before the feeding step to remove powdery materials.

[0015] In some feasible implementations, the flipping mechanism on the marshalling machine includes a clamping unit and a rotary drive unit. After the clamping unit clamps the green anode, the rotary drive unit drives the green anode to rotate 180 degrees around the horizontal axis to complete the reversal.

[0016] In some feasible ways, before the furnace loading operation begins, the bottom of the hopper is cleaned and a base packing is laid and leveled to a predetermined thickness.

[0017] Compared with related technologies, this application has the following technical advantages: The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method provided in this application forms a complete closed-loop process from detection to charging. The three core methods—reversing, wrapping, and material distribution—work together to not only solve the physical damage caused by furnace wall deformation but also improve the filling quality of interlayer material. The number of waste blocks caused by charging each month is significantly reduced, substantially lowering raw material waste and rework costs. Moreover, this method effectively solves the anode breakage problem existing in current charging methods without requiring modifications to the furnace itself, demonstrating significant economic benefits and practical value.

[0018] In practical applications, the turning mechanism on the grouping machine reverses the orientation of the green anodes, changing the anodes in severely deformed areas of the fire channel wall from the upper surface to the lower surface. A layer of cardboard is then wrapped around the top of the reversed anodes. When the green anodes are loaded into the roasting furnace, their upper surface avoids the severely deformed areas, effectively preventing unevenness between layers caused by furnace wall compression and the weight of the char blocks. Statistics show that using this method reduces the scrap rate caused by upper surface damage and unevenness between layers by 30%, significantly reducing mechanical damage to the green anodes during loading and effectively lowering production costs.

[0019] Meanwhile, by adopting a unidirectional alternating material feeding method for interlayer material filling, a material-free operation was achieved, completely eliminating the risk of carbon block corner breakage. Statistics show that the anode corner breakage rate was reduced by 30%, the appearance qualification rate of prebaked anodes was significantly improved, and the overall production cost was further reduced.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1A schematic flowchart of a multi-functional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method according to one embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the furnace chamber feed box of a roasting furnace according to one embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the anode before commutation provided in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the anode after commutation provided in this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the top wrapping paperboard for the green anode provided in this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the green anode filling interlayer material provided in this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional alternating fabric distribution method provided in this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the flame system operation and furnace loading provided in this application.

[0022] in, Figures 2 to 7 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows: 100 Material bin, 110 Fire channel, 120 Severely deformed area, 130 Boss, 140 Cardboard, 150 Interlayer material. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0024] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] The following reference Figures 1 to 8 This application describes a method for charging prebaked anodes onto a multifunctional overhead crane according to some embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method for charging operations in a baking furnace, including the following steps: S202: Deformation detection steps: Detect and determine the location of deformation or damage to the inner wall of the roasting furnace feed box; S204: Anode reversal step: According to the location of deformation or damage, the green anode is reversed by the flipping mechanism on the grouping machine, and the green anode boss that originally faced the deformed or damaged location is adjusted to face the non-damaged area. S206: Top protection procedure: Cover the top of the green anode after commutation with a layer of cardboard; S208: Material feeding step: The green anode, after being reversed and top protected, is loaded into the material box of the roasting furnace, and the interlayer material is filled by a unidirectional alternating material feeding method.

[0027] The multi-functional overhead crane prebaked anode loading method provided in this application accurately identifies the deformation or damage location of the inner wall of the feed box, and reverses the orientation of the green anodes on the grouping machine through a flipping mechanism. The protrusions of the green anodes that originally faced the damaged area are adjusted to face the undamaged area. In this way, during the roasting process, the protrusions of the green anodes avoid areas that may cause damage, reducing defects such as anode breakage and deformation caused by problems with the inner wall of the feed box, ensuring the quality stability of the prebaked anodes, and improving the product qualification rate.

[0028] The top protection step involves covering the top of the green anode with cardboard after reversal. During the roasting process, the cardboard can play a certain role in buffering and protecting the top of the green anode, preventing the interlayer material from directly impacting it and avoiding damage. At the same time, it can also reduce heat loss, help maintain a stable temperature inside the roasting furnace, and improve the roasting effect.

[0029] Using a unidirectional alternating material distribution method to fill the interlayer material can make the interlayer material distribution more uniform and dense, improve the overall stability of the material in the hopper, enhance the heat and gas conduction efficiency during the roasting process, further improve the roasting quality, reduce energy consumption, and increase production efficiency.

[0030] The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method provided in this application forms a complete closed-loop process from detection to charging. The three core methods—reversing, wrapping, and material distribution—work together to not only solve the physical damage caused by furnace wall deformation but also improve the filling quality of interlayer material. The number of waste blocks caused by charging each month is significantly reduced, substantially lowering raw material waste and rework costs. Moreover, this method effectively solves the anode breakage problem existing in current charging methods without requiring modifications to the furnace itself, demonstrating significant economic benefits and practical value.

[0031] In some embodiments provided in this application, the roasting furnace includes two opposing transverse walls, and the material box is located between the two transverse walls. The material box includes three layers, each layer containing seven char blocks. The unidirectional alternating material distribution method specifically includes the following operations: placing the packing nozzle in the middle of the first char block, raising the packing tube so that its lower end is close to the starting transverse wall and centered; opening the packing valve, and after the packing tube is filled with packing material, controlling the crane to move unidirectionally towards the seventh char block; when it reaches the position of the third char block, closing the packing valve, and continuing to move to the position between the seventh char block and the other transverse wall, raising the packing tube to its upper limit.

[0032] In this embodiment, the filler nozzle is placed in the middle of the first carbon block, and the filler tube is raised so that its lower end is close to the horizontal wall at the starting end and centered, laying the foundation for uniform material distribution. The filler moves unidirectionally from the starting position towards the seventh carbon block, which ensures that the filler is evenly distributed along the length of the material box, avoiding local accumulation or gaps, and ensuring that each layer of seven carbon blocks is well wrapped by the filler, providing a stable environment for subsequent roasting.

[0033] When you reach the third carbon block, close the packing valve to precisely control the amount of packing material added, preventing too much or too little packing. Then continue moving, using the remaining material in the packing tube to complete the material placement. When you reach the seventh carbon block and the other end of the transverse wall, raise the packing tube to its upper limit. This completes the placement of the first layer of interlayer material.

[0034] Subsequently, the second layer of carbon blocks and cardboard is placed, and the overhead crane is operated to move in the opposite direction as described above to carry out the material distribution work for the second layer of interlayer material. Then, the third layer of carbon blocks and cardboard is placed, and the overhead crane is again operated to move in the opposite direction as described above to carry out the material distribution work for the third layer of interlayer material. This unidirectional alternating material distribution method is simple and reduces unnecessary operation steps and back-and-forth movement. The overhead crane can quickly complete the material distribution work for one layer of carbon blocks, thereby shortening the time of the entire furnace loading process, improving production efficiency, reducing production costs, and meeting the needs of large-scale industrial production.

[0035] In some embodiments provided in this application, the operation of lifting the packing tube includes: lifting the packing tube to a slack state of the wire rope, and then continuing to lift it upwards a preset distance so that the lower end of the packing tube is higher than the upper surface of the carbon block; adjusting the packing tube to the material distribution position.

[0036] In this embodiment, the packing tube is first raised to a slack state with the wire rope, and then raised further up a preset distance so that the lower end of the packing tube is higher than the upper surface of the charcoal blocks. This operation effectively prevents residual packing material inside the packing tube from spilling onto the already arranged charcoal blocks due to shaking or collision during the lifting process, ensuring the surface of the charcoal blocks in the material box is clean and avoiding the impact of spilled material on the uniformity of subsequent material distribution and the quality of roasting.

[0037] The phased lifting of the packing pipe makes the operation process smoother and more orderly. Continuing to lift while the wire rope is slack reduces sudden stress on the wire rope, lowers the risk of accidents such as wire rope breakage, and ensures the safety of crane operators and equipment.

[0038] Raising the packing tube to the appropriate height and then precisely adjusting it to the material distribution position provides favorable conditions for subsequent accurate unidirectional alternating material distribution. This ensures that the packing material is evenly and accurately filled between the char blocks according to predetermined requirements, improving the quality and efficiency of the furnace charging operation and making the roasting process more stable and reliable.

[0039] In some embodiments provided in this application, when the crane travels in one direction toward the seventh carbon block, it maintains a constant speed, and the closing timing of the packing valve is controlled according to a preset position.

[0040] In this embodiment, the overhead crane moves at a constant speed toward the seventh carbon block, allowing the packing material to flow out of the packing tube at a relatively stable speed and flow rate, and to be evenly distributed among the carbon blocks in the hopper. This avoids the packing material from accumulating locally or creating gaps due to sudden changes in the crane's speed, thus ensuring the uniform distribution of packing material around each layer of carbon blocks. This provides favorable conditions for uniform heat transfer and stable reaction of the carbon blocks during subsequent roasting.

[0041] The closing timing of the packing valve is controlled according to a preset position, which can precisely control the amount of packing material added. When the preset position is reached, the packing valve is closed in time to prevent excessive packing material from overflowing or insufficient packing material from failing to fully wrap the carbon blocks. This ensures that the loading quality of each layer and each carbon block meets the requirements, improving the accuracy and consistency of the entire loading operation.

[0042] Uniform speed movement and preset position control of the packing valve closing reduce the randomness and uncertainty of manual operation, making the furnace loading process more standardized and automated, shortening the time of a single furnace loading operation, and thus improving overall production efficiency.

[0043] In some embodiments provided in this application, the overhead crane carries a packing tube and a packing nozzle. The packing tube is equipped with a position sensor for detecting the relative height between the lower end of the packing tube and the upper surface of the carbon block.

[0044] In this embodiment, the position sensor can detect the relative height between the lower end of the packing tube and the upper surface of the carbon block, allowing operators to precisely adjust the position of the packing tube. During the charging process, this ensures that the lower end of the packing tube is at an appropriate height for material distribution, preventing material splashing due to excessive height or collision with the carbon block due to insufficient height. This ensures the accuracy and stability of material distribution and improves the quality of charging.

[0045] With the help of position sensors, the overhead crane charging system can acquire key data, providing a foundation for automated control. The system can automatically adjust the height of the packing tube according to preset parameters, reducing manual intervention, lowering the difficulty and labor intensity of operation, while improving the intelligence level of charging operations, making the production process more efficient and precise.

[0046] Real-time monitoring of relative height allows for the timely detection of anomalies, such as the packing tube descending too low and potentially colliding with carbon blocks, leading to equipment damage or safety accidents. Position sensors provide rapid feedback, enabling operators to take timely measures to prevent accidents and ensuring the safe operation of the furnace.

[0047] In some embodiments provided in this application, the thickness of the cardboard is 3mm to 10mm. When the cardboard is wrapped, it covers the four corners of the green anode and is located between the interlayer material and the surface of the green anode after loading into the furnace, forming an elastic compensation layer.

[0048] In this embodiment, cardboard covers the four corners of the green anode. During the loading and roasting process, the corners are vulnerable areas, and the cardboard can act as a buffer and protector, preventing the green anode from directly colliding or rubbing against the feed box or other objects, reducing damage and breakage at the corners, ensuring the integrity of the green anode, and improving the product qualification rate.

[0049] After being loaded into the furnace, the cardboard is positioned between the interlayer material and the surface of the green anode, forming an elastic compensation layer. During firing, due to temperature changes, the green anode and interlayer material will experience varying degrees of thermal expansion and contraction. The elastic compensation layer can absorb and alleviate these stress changes, preventing the green anode from cracking due to stress concentration and ensuring the stability of the firing process.

[0050] Cardboard with a thickness of 3mm to 10mm can provide insulation to a certain extent, reduce heat loss from the top of the green anode, make the temperature distribution in the roasting furnace more uniform, help improve the roasting quality, enable the green anode to react fully and evenly, and improve the performance of the final product.

[0051] In some embodiments provided in this application, the deformation detection step specifically includes: acquiring the concavity and convexity data of the inner wall of the calcining furnace feed box using a laser rangefinder or mechanical probe; when the height of the convexity of the inner wall of the feed box is greater than 15mm or the depth of the damage is greater than 20mm, marking the location as a severely deformed part; and determining the position of the green anode to be loaded into the corresponding feed box based on the severely deformed part.

[0052] In this embodiment, by using a laser rangefinder or mechanical probe to acquire data on the unevenness of the inner wall of the roasting furnace feed box, subtle changes in the inner wall can be detected with high precision. Compared with traditional manual inspection, this method is more objective and accurate, providing a comprehensive understanding of the inner wall condition and precisely locating the locations of protrusions or damage, thus providing a reliable basis for subsequent processing.

[0053] The standard that defines severely deformed areas as those with a protrusion height greater than 15mm or a damage depth greater than 20mm clearly delineates the problem level. This helps operators quickly identify which locations have a greater impact on furnace loading operations, prioritize critical issues, and improve problem-solving efficiency.

[0054] By determining the location of the green anode to be loaded based on the severely deformed areas, the furnace loading plan can be planned in advance, ensuring that the green anode avoids severely deformed areas. This prevents damage to the green anode due to problems with the inner wall of the feed box during the roasting process, guarantees the quality of furnace loading, improves the yield of prebaked anodes, reduces production costs, and enhances overall production efficiency.

[0055] In some embodiments provided in this application, the interlayer material is calcined petroleum coke particles with a particle size of 1mm to 5mm; before the feeding step, the filler is screened to remove powdery materials.

[0056] In this embodiment, calcined petroleum coke particles with a particle size of 1mm to 5mm are selected as interlayer material. The particle size is moderate and can form a stable and uniform support structure between the green anodes. It avoids the problem of excessively large interlayer gaps and unstable support due to excessively large particles, and also avoids the problem of insufficient filling due to excessively small particles, which helps to ensure the stability of the green anodes during the roasting process.

[0057] Screening the filler to remove powdery materials prevents powder from clogging the interlayer gaps. During calcination, good air permeability helps the gas flow evenly, allowing heat to be transferred more efficiently to the interior of the green anode, ensuring a complete and uniform calcination reaction, and improving the quality of the prebaked anode.

[0058] Powdered materials may contain impurities. Removing these impurities can reduce their interference with the roasting process. This prevents impurities from reacting adversely with the green anode at high temperatures, affecting the anode's physical and chemical properties, thereby improving product purity and performance stability, and meeting the demands of high-quality production.

[0059] In some embodiments provided in this application, the flipping mechanism on the grouping machine includes a clamping unit and a rotary drive unit. After the clamping unit clamps the green anode, the rotary drive unit drives the green anode to rotate 180 degrees around the horizontal axis to complete the reversal.

[0060] In this embodiment, the clamping unit securely holds the green anode, ensuring it will not slip or shift during rotation, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of the reversing operation. The rotary drive unit can drive the green anode to rotate 180 degrees around a horizontal axis, with rapid and accurate positioning, efficiently completing the reversing task, reducing manual operation time and errors, and improving production efficiency.

[0061] When faced with deformation or damage to the inner wall of the roasting furnace feed box, the flipping mechanism can flexibly adjust the orientation of the green anode according to the location of the deformation or damage, and move the green anode protrusion that was originally facing the problem area to the non-damaged area, effectively avoiding damage to the green anode due to contact with the deformed or damaged parts during the roasting process, and enhancing the adaptability to different working conditions.

[0062] The automated process completes the clamping and rotation of the green anode, eliminating the need for manual flipping. This significantly reduces the labor intensity of operators, lowers labor costs, and minimizes potential safety hazards associated with manual operation, thereby enhancing the safety of the production process.

[0063] In some embodiments provided in this application, before the furnace charging operation begins, the following steps are also included: cleaning the bottom of the material box and laying a bottom layer of filler material, and leveling it to a predetermined thickness.

[0064] In this embodiment, cleaning the bottom of the feed hopper removes residual impurities, fragments, and other debris, preventing these foreign objects from affecting the stability of the green anode. The cleaned bottom provides a clean and flat base for the green anode, ensuring it can be placed stably during furnace loading and reducing shaking or tilting caused by unevenness, thus guaranteeing a smooth loading operation.

[0065] Laying the bottom filler and smoothing it to the predetermined thickness ensures uniform distribution of the bottom filler. A uniform bottom filler provides good support and cushioning for the green anode, effectively dispersing the pressure on the green anode during the firing process, preventing damage due to excessive local stress, and also contributing to the uniform transfer of heat.

[0066] A clean and flat bottom and uniform bottom packing create favorable initial conditions for the entire furnace loading structure. This facilitates the subsequent filling of interlayer materials and the arrangement of green anodes, resulting in a more rational material distribution within the roasting furnace. Consequently, it improves the uniformity and stability of roasting, ultimately enhancing the quality of the prebaked anodes.

[0067] In practical applications, the cardboard has a multi-layer structure, including an inner cushioning layer and an outer high-temperature resistant layer. The cushioning layer is made of corrugated paper, and the high-temperature resistant layer is made of asbestos paper or ceramic fiber paper, which are bonded together with adhesives. This multi-layered cardboard absorbs pressure and adapts to furnace wall deformation through the elastic deformation of the inner cushioning layer, while the outer high-temperature resistant layer resists the high temperature of baking. Together, they achieve elastic compensation and thermal protection for the green anode, preventing anode damage.

[0068] The lower end of the packing tube is equipped with a retractable guide sleeve. During the packing process, the guide sleeve extends downward and inserts into the packing material to prevent the packing material from flying and segregating. It automatically retracts when the packing tube is lifted. The guide sleeve extends downward and inserts into the packing material during packing to form a closed channel, effectively preventing the packing material from flying and scattering and particle size segregation, ensuring uniform and dense packing. The automatic retraction during lifting does not affect the crane's movement, achieving environmental protection and high-quality furnace loading.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, Figure 2 This application provides a plan view of a roasting furnace chamber and material bin (100mm). A multi-functional overhead crane performs loading operations into the furnace chamber according to the flame system's movement cycle, similar to... Figure 2 The roasting furnace chamber typically has 9 fire channels (110) and 8 material bins (100). Each material bin (100) is filled with three layers, with 7 char blocks per layer. Before loading the furnace, a comprehensive inspection of the material bins (100) is conducted to ensure that the furnace walls are undamaged and the furnace bottom is free of debris.

[0070] It should be noted that the raw anode mentioned in this application refers to an anode carbon block that has been formed and pressed but has not yet been subjected to high-temperature calcination; while carbon block is a general term for carbon material blocks, which includes raw anodes and calcined anodes obtained after calcination.

[0071] After one roasting cycle, typically 30 hours, the system will move forward one furnace chamber. After the multi-functional overhead crane removes the furnace, it will perform the loading operation on the empty furnace chamber. Figure 8 As shown, ensure that there is sufficient sealing in the furnace chamber after the flame system is moved.

[0072] This application provides a multi-functional overhead crane prebaked anode loading method. The prebaked anode loading is carried out in a roasting furnace. The anode roasting furnace will deform and break after long-term use. According to the location of deformation and breakage in the roasting furnace, the anode is reversed on the grouping machine. The paperboard 140 is clamped on the green anode to reduce the sinking of the interlayer material 150. The material is fed in a unidirectional alternating manner to achieve a material-free operation.

[0073] Furthermore, during the crane loading process, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, during the use of the roasting furnace, bending, deformation, damage and cracking may occur. Due to the large deformation of the furnace wall, the green anode will be crushed by the deformed parts of the furnace wall when it is loaded into the furnace. By reversing the operation of the grouping machine, the protrusion 130 of the green anode at the severely deformed position 120 of the fire channel wall is adjusted to face the non-damaged area. A layer of cardboard 140 is wrapped on the top of the anode after the face is replaced. In this way, when the green anode is loaded into the roasting furnace, the upper surface can avoid the deformed position and avoid the upper surface being crushed.

[0074] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the layer of filler material between the two layers of vertically packed charcoal blocks is called interlayer material 150. Due to the molding and demolding angle and the weight of the charcoal blocks, the interlayer material 150 may become uneven, resulting in corner chipping during the roasting process. Figure 5 As shown, after the interlayer material 150 is laid out, the material will sink due to the damage and cracking of the furnace wall, resulting in unevenness of the interlayer material 150. The problem of unevenness of the interlayer material 150 is solved by clamping the cardboard 140 on the green anode.

[0075] Furthermore, in the original charging method, the material distribution could not ensure a 150mm flatness between layers, resulting in a return material height difference of more than 20mm, which easily caused the upper layer of carbon blocks to chip at the corners. Figure 7As shown, a unidirectional alternating material feeding method is used. The packing nozzle is placed in the middle of the first carbon block. After the wire rope slacks, the packing tube is raised upwards. Once the wire rope is under tension, it continues to be raised 8cm-10cm. The position of the packing tube is adjusted so that it is flush against the horizontal wall and centered. The packing valve is opened, and after the packing tube is filled with packing material, the overhead crane is operated to move towards the seventh carbon block. When the crane reaches the third carbon block, the packing valve is closed. When the crane reaches the position of the seventh carbon block and the opposite horizontal wall, the packing tube is raised to its upper limit. This achieves a no-backflow operation and avoids carbon blocks falling off at corners. Figure 7 The direction of the middle arrow indicates the direction of movement of the overhead crane as it moves the fabric from top to bottom.

[0076] In this application, by using the forward and reverse operation of the grouping machine and wrapping a layer of cardboard 140 on top of the anode after the face has been changed, the generation of waste blocks is reduced. Without the above method, an average of about 25 corner waste blocks are generated per month due to the crushing of the upper surface during loading and the unevenness of the interlayer material 150 caused by the weight of the carbon blocks themselves; after adopting the above technical method, such corner waste blocks are reduced to an average of about 10 per month; the number of waste blocks per month is reduced by 15, which is a 60% reduction.

[0077] In this application, by using the unidirectional alternating material feeding method, a material-free operation is achieved, avoiding the corner chipping of carbon blocks. Without the above method, the average number of waste blocks generated by the 150mm unevenness of the interlayer material is about 40 per month. After adopting the above technical method, the average number of waste blocks with corner chipping of the anode is about 23 per month, a reduction of 17 per month, which is 42.5%.

[0078] This application reduces the probability of defects caused by deformation and breakage of the baking furnace by methods such as green anode reversal, paper wrapping, and unidirectional alternating non-return material feeding, thereby improving the appearance qualification rate of prebaked anodes and reducing production costs.

[0079] In this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0081] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-functional trolley prebaked anode charging method for charging operation in a baking furnace, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Deformation Inspection steps: Inspect and determine the location of deformation or damage to the inner wall of the roasting furnace feed box; Anode reversal step: According to the deformation or damage location, the green anode is reversed on the marshalling machine by a flipping mechanism, adjusting the green anode protrusion that originally faced the deformation or damage location to face the non-damaged area; Top protection procedure: Cover the top of the reversed green anode with a layer of cardboard; Material feeding steps: The green anodes, which have been reversed and top protected, are loaded into the material box of the roasting furnace, and the interlayer material is filled by a unidirectional alternating material feeding method.

2. The multi-functional skip car pre-baked anode charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roasting furnace includes two opposing transverse walls, and the material bin is located between the two transverse walls. The material bin consists of three layers, with seven charcoal blocks in each layer. The unidirectional alternating material distribution method specifically includes the following operations: Place the packing nozzle in the middle of the first carbon block, and lift the packing tube so that its lower end is close to the horizontal wall at the starting end and is centered. Open the packing valve and, after the packing tube is filled with packing material, control the overhead crane to move in one direction towards the seventh carbon block. When you reach the third carbon block, close the packing valve. Continue walking until you reach the seventh carbon block and the other end of the transverse wall, then raise the packing tube to the upper limit.

3. The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The operation of the lifting packing tube includes: Raise the packing tube to the slack state of the wire rope, and then continue to raise it upwards a preset distance so that the lower end of the packing tube is higher than the upper surface of the carbon block. Adjust the packing tube to the material placement position.

4. The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the overhead crane travels in one direction toward the seventh carbon block, it maintains a constant speed, and the closing timing of the packing valve is controlled according to a preset position.

5. The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The overhead crane carries a packing tube and a packing nozzle. The packing tube is equipped with a position sensor to detect the relative height between the lower end of the packing tube and the upper surface of the carbon block.

6. The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the cardboard is 3mm to 10mm. When the cardboard is wrapped, it covers the four corners of the green anode and is located between the interlayer material and the surface of the green anode after loading into the furnace, forming an elastic compensation layer.

7. The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The deformation detection step specifically includes: Data on the unevenness of the inner wall of the calcining furnace feed box is obtained using a laser rangefinder or mechanical probe. When a protrusion on the inner wall of the hopper is detected to be greater than 15mm in height or greater than 20mm in depth, the location is marked as a severely deformed area. Based on the severely deformed areas, determine the position of the green anode to be loaded into the corresponding material box.

8. The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interlayer material is calcined petroleum coke particles with a particle size of 1mm to 5mm; before the material feeding step, the filler is screened to remove powdery materials.

9. The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flipping mechanism on the marshalling machine includes a clamping unit and a rotary drive unit. After the clamping unit clamps the green anode, the rotary drive unit drives the green anode to rotate 180 degrees around the horizontal axis to complete the reversal.

10. The multifunctional overhead crane prebaked anode charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Before the furnace loading operation begins, the following also applies: Clean the bottom of the hopper and lay the bottom filler material, then level it to the predetermined thickness.

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