A dynamic matching-based briquette appearance sampling system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a carbon block appearance sampling system and method based on dynamic matching. The system is provided with a roller conveying line in the direction of carbon block conveying, a scanning sampling module, and a speed adaptation module. The scanning sampling module comprises a 3D laser profiler arranged above the roller conveying line, 2D line array cameras for scanning the left and right side surfaces and the upper and lower surfaces of the carbon block, and 2D area array cameras for shooting the front and rear end surface images of the carbon block. The speed adaptation module comprises an encoder matched with the elastic roller, position sensors for front end surface camera triggering and rear end surface camera triggering, and a controller connected with the encoder and the position sensors. The controller is used for controlling the 3D laser profiler and the 2D area array cameras to collect images based on the triggering signals of the position sensors, acquiring the conveying speed of the carbon block in real time based on the encoder signals, and dynamically adjusting the sampling time length and the sampling frequency of the 3D laser profiler and the 2D line array cameras according to the conveying speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon product testing technology, specifically to a carbon block appearance sampling system and method based on dynamic matching. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon products are key basic materials in metallurgy, new energy, and chemical industries, and their quality directly determines the production efficiency, energy consumption control, and production safety of downstream production processes. Prebaked anode carbon blocks for aluminum are a core consumable in electrolytic aluminum production. Surface defects such as cracks, missing corners, unevenness, end-face damage, and dimensional deviations in the carbon blocks directly reduce the current efficiency of electrolytic aluminum production, increase power consumption, and may even lead to safety accidents such as furnace leaks in the electrolytic cell. Therefore, appearance sampling and inspection, as a fundamental core link in the quality control of carbon products, is a crucial prerequisite for accurately identifying appearance defects in carbon blocks and controlling the quality of products leaving the factory. The completeness, accuracy, and continuity of the sampling are essential for subsequent testing and analysis.

[0003] With the automation upgrade in the carbon industry, the appearance inspection of carbon blocks has gradually shifted from manual sampling to automated sampling. Manual sampling methods suffer from low efficiency, high subjectivity, and poor repeatability of sampling data, and cannot keep pace with the high-speed continuous conveying of modern production lines, thus failing to meet the industry's quality inspection needs. While existing automated carbon block appearance sampling systems have mechanized the sampling process, they still have many technical shortcomings in practical applications. The accuracy, adaptability, and stability of sampling cannot meet the high-quality inspection requirements of modern carbon production lines, becoming a key factor restricting the development of carbon block appearance inspection technology.

[0004] The core technical deficiencies of existing automated carbon block appearance sampling systems are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the lack of adaptive speed adjustment capability: The sampling duration and sampling frequency of the sampling equipment such as 2D linear scan cameras and 3D laser profilometers in existing systems are mostly fixed settings, and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the actual conveying speed of the carbon blocks. When the production line conveying cycle changes or the carbon block conveying speed changes, problems such as missed sampling and repeated sampling are very likely to occur, resulting in incomplete full-surface sampling images of the carbon blocks or generating a large amount of redundant data, which seriously affects the accuracy of subsequent appearance defect identification. Moreover, the existing system has a narrow range of conveying speeds, which is difficult to cover the mainstream speed cycle requirements of 0.2~1.5m / s for different carbon production lines. Second, the conveying speed detection accuracy is low. Existing systems mostly use rigid rollers in conjunction with encoders to obtain the carbon block conveying speed, without considering the elastic deformation and slippage problems when the rollers are pressed against the bottom surface of the carbon blocks. The speed measurement results have large errors, and the deviation in speed detection will further lead to a decrease in the synchronization between the sampling equipment and the carbon block movement, exacerbating the distortion of the sampling data. Third, the system lacks the ability to handle abnormal operating conditions. For common abnormal operating conditions in carbon production lines, such as "half-filled carbon blocks," conveyor jams, sudden changes in roller speed, and abrupt changes in carbon block conveying speed, existing systems lack effective speed determination and compensation mechanisms, and also lack corresponding sampling parameter adjustment strategies. This easily leads to sampling interruptions, abnormal test results, and even affects the continuous operation of the production line, making it impossible to achieve complete data acquisition under abnormal operating conditions. Fourth, the system has limited functionality and redundant structural design. Some existing technologies only focus on detecting physical parameters such as carbon block volume and density, without designing a full-surface sampling scheme adapted to appearance defect identification. They lack comprehensive sampling capabilities for the left and right sides, top and bottom surfaces, and front and rear ends of the carbon blocks, failing to meet the core requirements of appearance inspection. Furthermore, some technologies arrange multiple sets of sensors around the conveyor line to achieve multi-faceted carbon block inspection, which not only leads to complex system structures and difficult installation and debugging, but also easily reduces detection accuracy due to synchronization errors among multiple sensors.

[0005] For example, the invention patent with patent number CN202210427362.3 only focuses on measuring the volume of the carbon block using a line laser profile sensor and calculating the density of the carbon block by measuring its weight using a weighing sensor. It completely lacks the appearance sampling function required for identifying carbon block appearance defects and cannot provide effective data support for appearance inspection. At the same time, this technology requires multiple sets of line laser profile sensors to be arranged around the conveyor line, resulting in a redundant and complex structure. Furthermore, it does not have any speed adaptation-related control strategy and cannot adjust the sampling parameters according to the carbon block conveying speed. It is prone to inaccurate volume measurement due to synchronization errors between the sensor and the carbon block movement, and it cannot meet the actual needs of carbon block appearance sampling.

[0006] In summary, existing carbon block appearance sampling technologies have significant shortcomings in terms of speed adaptation, speed measurement accuracy, handling of abnormal working conditions, and functional and structural design, making it difficult to guarantee the completeness, accuracy, and continuity of carbon block appearance sampling. To address these technical problems, developing a carbon block appearance sampling system with dynamic matching of conveying speed, high-precision speed measurement compensation, effective handling of abnormal working conditions, and an integrated structure, capable of accurate and complete sampling of the entire surface of carbon blocks at different conveying speeds, has become an urgent need in the field of carbon product quality testing. This system has significant practical application value in promoting the development of automated and high-quality testing in the carbon industry. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on the above background, this invention provides a dynamic matching-based carbon block appearance sampling system and method to solve at least one of the aforementioned problems. Specifically, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a charcoal block appearance sampling system based on dynamic matching, which integrates the following along the charcoal block conveying direction:

[0009] A roller conveyor line, comprising multiple flexible rollers, for conveying carbon blocks to be tested;

[0010] The scanning sampling module includes a 3D laser profilometer set above the roller conveyor line, a 2D linear array camera for scanning the left and right side surfaces and the upper and lower surfaces of the carbon block, and a 2D area array camera for capturing images of the front and rear end faces of the carbon block.

[0011] And a speed adaptation module, which includes an encoder adapted to the elastic roller, a position sensor for front-side camera triggering and rear-side camera triggering, and a controller connecting the encoder and the position sensor;

[0012] The controller is used to control the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear array camera to acquire images based on the trigger signal from the position sensor, and to obtain the carbon block conveying speed in real time based on the encoder signal, and to dynamically adjust the sampling duration and sampling frequency of the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear array camera according to the conveying speed, including:

[0013] The carbon block conveying speed is compensated based on the amount of compression caused by the elastic roller pressing against the bottom surface of the carbon block.

[0014] The sampling time is corrected based on the trigger signal from the position sensor, combined with the compensated conveying speed and the acquisition results from the 3D laser profilometer.

[0015] The sampling frequency is calculated based on the compensated conveying speed;

[0016] The controller is also used to control the 2D line scan camera to perform sampling based on the corrected sampling duration and the calculated sampling frequency.

[0017] Furthermore, the obtained carbon block conveying speed is corrected using the following formula:

[0018] v = (π·D·f) / N·k;

[0019] k = 1 + 0.02·(δ / E)

[0020] Where π is pi; D is the diameter of the elastic roller; f is the encoder output frequency; N is the number of pulses per encoder revolution; k is the elasticity compensation coefficient; δ is the compression of the elastic roller; and E is the elastic modulus of the elastic roller material.

[0021] Furthermore, based on the trigger signal from the position sensor, and combined with the compensated conveying speed and the acquisition results from the 3D laser profilometer, the sampling time is corrected using the following formula:

[0022] t 采集 = max(L max / v, L 实测 / v + Δt1)

[0023] Among them, t 采集 L is the corrected sampling duration. max L is the length of the largest charcoal block. 实测 Δt1 represents the length of the carbon block as identified in real time by the 3D profilometer, and Δt1 represents the system redundancy time.

[0024] Furthermore, the sampling frequency is calculated based on the compensated conveying speed using the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, f s The calculated sampling frequency is d, and the preset sampling point spacing is d.

[0027] Furthermore, the calculated sampling frequency f s Based on the preset conveying speed range [V min V max [Configured with constraints f] s ∈[f min , f max When the conveying speed is less than V min At that time, the sampling frequency f s Take f min When the conveying speed is greater than V max At that time, the sampling frequency f s Take f max And it triggered an overspeed alarm.

[0028] Furthermore, the controller is also used to determine abnormal operating conditions based on encoder signals, and when an abnormal operating condition is determined, to perform interpolation compensation on the acquired carbon block conveying speed.

[0029] Furthermore, determining abnormal operating conditions based on encoder signals includes:

[0030] Monitor whether the encoder's output frequency changes abruptly;

[0031] If the encoder's output frequency changes abruptly and the change rate exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined to be an abnormal operating condition.

[0032] The mutation rate is calculated using the formula |f n -f n-1 | / f n-1 f n f is the output frequency at the current moment. n-1 This represents the output frequency at the previous moment.

[0033] Furthermore, the exponential decay of the actual speed at the previous moment plus the asymptotic superposition of the linear predicted speed under normal operating conditions achieves smooth and accurate speed compensation. The obtained carbon block conveying speed is interpolated and compensated using the following formula:

[0034]

[0035] in, v is the conveying speed at the previous moment, λ is the attenuation coefficient, and v 预测 The linear prediction rate is based on the first n sampling points, and Δt is the duration of the output frequency abrupt change. Preferably, n is 7 or 11 depending on the precision.

[0036] Secondly, the present invention discloses a method for sampling the appearance of carbon blocks based on the system described in the first aspect above, comprising the following steps:

[0037] The carbon block to be tested is fed into the roller conveyor line;

[0038] The trigger signal from the front-side camera trigger position sensor controls the 3D laser profilometer and the 2D area array camera used to capture images of the front-side of the carbon block to acquire images, and the carbon block conveying speed is obtained in real time based on the encoder output signal.

[0039] The sampling duration and sampling frequency of the 2D linear array camera are dynamically adjusted based on the obtained carbon block conveying speed, and the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear array camera are controlled to perform sampling based on the corrected sampling duration and the calculated sampling frequency.

[0040] The trigger signal from the position sensor of the rear-end camera controls the 2D area array camera used to capture images of the rear end of the carbon block to acquire rear end images and end the current sampling.

[0041] The carbon block appearance sampling system and method of this invention compensates for the conveying speed of encoder sampling by considering the adaptive contact between the elastic roller and the carbon block to obtain the true conveying speed. Combined with precise timing control triggered by a photoelectric position sensor, it achieves dynamic matching between the sampling frequency of the 3D laser profilometer and the 2D linear array camera and the carbon block movement speed. This solves the problems of missed and repeated sampling at different conveying speeds, and effectively copes with sudden speed changes in abnormal working conditions such as "half-intake". Compared with existing technologies, it has the following significant advantages:

[0042] 1) Wide speed adaptability: It can adapt to a wide speed range of 0.2~1.5m / s, reducing the requirements for stable and uniform production on the production line and covering the cycle time of mainstream carbon production lines.

[0043] 2) High dimensional measurement accuracy: The dynamic speed matching method achieves a measurement accuracy of ±0.5mm under non-absolute uniform speed conditions, meeting the carbon block size inspection standards.

[0044] 3) Abnormal working condition handling rate: It can effectively reduce abnormal working conditions such as "half of the material is received" or jamming, occasional "speed loss", and ensure that the collected data is complete.

[0045] 4) Flexible speed measurement: This avoids damage to the speed measurement module caused by rigid contact between the carbon block and the speed measurement module, thus extending its service life.

[0046] 5) Comprehensive appearance inspection: Multiple sensors perform three-dimensional inspection on six sides, and a 3D camera is used to inspect the size of the charcoal bowl and charcoal block. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the carbon block appearance sampling system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the invention. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention.

[0049] See Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention discloses a dynamic matching-based carbon block appearance sampling system, which includes a frame and is integrated with the following components along the carbon block conveying direction:

[0050] The roller conveyor line 10 for conveying carbon blocks to be tested includes multiple flexible rollers;

[0051] The scanning sampling module includes a 3D laser profilometer 1 located on the upper left of the roller conveyor line and a 3D laser profilometer 2 located on the upper right of the roller conveyor line; a 2D linear array camera 3 for scanning the left side surface of the carbon block; a 2D linear array camera 4 for scanning the right side surface of the carbon block; a 2D linear array camera 5 for scanning the upper surface of the carbon block; a 2D linear array camera (not shown in the figure) for scanning the lower surface of the carbon block; a 2D area array camera 6 for capturing images of the front end face of the carbon block; and a 2D area array camera 7 for capturing images of the rear end face of the carbon block.

[0052] And a speed adaptation module, which includes an encoder adapted to the elastic roller, a position sensor 8 for triggering the front-side camera and a position sensor 9 for triggering the rear-side camera, and a controller connecting the encoder and the position sensor.

[0053] The controller is used to control the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear array camera to acquire images based on the trigger signal from the position sensor, and to obtain the carbon block conveying speed in real time based on the encoder signal, and to dynamically adjust the sampling duration and sampling frequency of the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear array camera according to the conveying speed, including:

[0054] The carbon block conveying speed is compensated based on the amount of compression caused by the elastic roller pressing against the bottom surface of the carbon block.

[0055] The sampling time is corrected based on the trigger signal from the position sensor, combined with the compensated conveying speed and the acquisition results from the 3D laser profilometer.

[0056] The sampling frequency is calculated based on the compensated conveying speed;

[0057] The controller is also used to control the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear scan camera to perform sampling based on the corrected sampling duration and the calculated sampling frequency.

[0058] In one illustrated example, the elastic roller has a diameter of 50 mm, a length of 2000 mm, and a spacing of 100 mm between adjacent rollers. The elastic material used is polyurethane with a hardness of 60A.

[0059] In one illustrated example, the 3D laser profilometer is a Keyence LJ-V7000 with a resolution of 1024 pixels, a measurement range of 50-300mm, an installation height of 1.3m, a 30° angle between the left profilometer and the left side of the roller line, and a 30° angle between the right profilometer and the right side.

[0060] In one example, the 2D line scan camera is a Basler raL4096-11gm with a resolution of 4096 pixels; the 2D area scan camera is a Basler acA2040-180kc with a resolution of 2048×2048, a line light source with a wavelength of 650nm, and a power of 10W.

[0061] In one illustrated example, the encoder is an Omron E6B2-CWZ6C, outputting 1000 pulses per revolution, and is connected to the flexible roller shaft via a coupling.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, in this example, the encoder collects the roller rotation speed in real time. Considering the slippage error caused by the elastic deformation of the roller, a compensation coefficient k (based on the elastic modulus E and compression δ of the elastic roller polyurethane material) is introduced to compensate for the acquired carbon block conveying speed. Specifically, the following formula is used:

[0063] v = (π·D·f) / N·k;

[0064] k = 1 + 0.02·(δ / E)

[0065] Where v is the actual conveying speed after compensation (unit: m / s), π is pi, D is the diameter of the elastic roller (unit: m), f is the encoder output frequency (unit: Hz), N is the number of pulses per encoder revolution, k is the elastic compensation coefficient, δ is the compression of the elastic roller (the elastic deformation caused by the weight of the carbon block itself after the elastic roller is pressed into contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block, i.e., the radial compression distance of the roller, unit: mm), and E is the elastic modulus of the elastic roller material (e.g., 20 MPa for polyurethane material).

[0066] In one example, the elastic roller is pressed tightly against the bottom surface of the carbon block, with a compression amount δ = 5~10mm; the diameter of the elastic roller is 0.05m; the number of pulses per encoder revolution is 1000; and the elastic modulus of the polyurethane material of the elastic roller is 20MPa. Substituting these values ​​into the above formula yields the actual conveying speed. 0.02 is a fixed coefficient obtained by fitting experimental tests and engineering verification. It is used to quantify the influence of roller compression and elastic modulus on the compensation coefficient and is the optimal value determined by this invention through multiple working condition tests.

[0067] As a preferred implementation, in this embodiment, the position sensor adopts a photoelectric through-beam sensor, and based on the "dual photoelectric through-beam sensor linkage triggering" mechanism, it ensures complete acquisition of 3D size data and 2D appearance data of the entire length and surface of the carbon block (without omission), while avoiding invalid acquisition (without redundancy), which meets the core requirement of modern production lines to "not affect the production cycle".

[0068] Specifically, the sampling time is corrected by combining the compensated transport speed and the acquisition results of the 3D laser profilometer using the following formula:

[0069] t 采集 = max(L max / v, L 实测 / v + Δt1)

[0070] Among them, t 采集 L is the corrected sampling duration. max L represents the maximum length of the charcoal block (in meters, 2.0 meters for one example). 实测 Δt1 is the length of the carbon block identified in real time by the 3D profilometer (unit: m), and Δt1 is the system redundancy time (unit: s, a value of 0.5s for an example).

[0071] As a preferred embodiment, in this example, the sampling frequency is calculated based on the compensated conveying speed using the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, f s The calculated sampling frequency is d, and the preset sampling point spacing is d.

[0074] In one example, to ensure dimensional measurement accuracy (±0.5mm), the sampling point spacing d is set to ≤0.2mm.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment, in this example, the calculated sampling frequency f s Based on the preset conveying speed range [V min V max [Configured with constraints f] s ∈[f min , f max When the conveying speed is less than V min At that time, the sampling frequency f s Take f min When the conveying speed is greater than V max At that time, the sampling frequency f s Take f max And it triggered an overspeed alarm.

[0076] It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, the system is configured with a frequency generator / controller to uniformly generate / control the sampling frequency of the 3D laser profilometer and the 2D linear scan camera, and the generation or control is based on the frequency calculated above.

[0077] In one illustrated example, the constraint is: f s∈[50Hz, 500Hz] (suitable for drum speeds of 0.2~1.5m / s); when v<0.2m / s, f s =50Hz; when v>1.5m / s, f s =500Hz and triggers overspeed alarm.

[0078] As a further improved implementation, in this embodiment, the controller is also used to determine abnormal operating conditions based on the encoder signal, and when an abnormal operating condition is determined, to perform interpolation compensation on the acquired carbon block conveying speed.

[0079] As a preferred embodiment, in this example, determining abnormal operating conditions based on encoder signals includes:

[0080] Monitor whether the encoder's output frequency changes abruptly;

[0081] If the encoder's output frequency changes abruptly and the change rate exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined to be an abnormal operating condition.

[0082] The mutation rate is calculated using the formula |f n -f n-1 | / f n-1 f n f is the output frequency at the current moment. n-1 This represents the output frequency at the previous moment.

[0083] In one illustrated example, the encoder frequency abrupt change rate |f n -f n-1 | / f n-1 When the rate is >30%, it is judged as "half-finished material" or a bottleneck, and speed interpolation compensation is initiated.

[0084] As a preferred embodiment, in this example, the obtained carbon block conveying speed is interpolated and compensated using the following formula:

[0085]

[0086] in, v is the transport velocity at the previous moment, λ is the attenuation coefficient (0.8 in one example), and v 预测 Δt represents the linear prediction velocity (in m / s) based on the first 7 or 11 sampling points, and Δt represents the duration of the output frequency abrupt change (in s).

[0087] A second embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for sampling the appearance of carbon blocks based on the system described in the first embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0088] The carbon block to be tested is fed into the roller conveyor line; in one illustrated example, the carbon block to be tested has dimensions of 1700×725×650mm and a weight of 300kg;

[0089] When the carbon block to be tested enters the front end of the roller conveyor line, the front-end camera triggers the position sensor to trigger the sampling signal. The controller controls the 2D area array camera used to capture the front-end image of the carbon block to capture the front-end image. At the same time, it controls the 3D laser profilometer to perform sampling and obtains the carbon block conveying speed in real time based on the encoder output signal (the encoder output pulse frequency is 500 pulses / s, and the calculated real-time conveying speed of the carbon block is 0.5m / s).

[0090] During the conveying process, the sampling duration and sampling frequency of the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear array camera are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time conveying speed of the carbon blocks. The 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear array camera are controlled to perform sampling based on the corrected sampling duration and the calculated sampling frequency. The dynamic adjustment method is as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0091] Once the carbon block to be tested has fully entered the roller conveyor line (length 1700mm, travel time 3s), the rear end face camera triggers the position sensor, the controller controls the 2D area array camera used to capture images of the rear end face of the carbon block to acquire rear end face images, and stops 3D / 2D sampling.

[0092] The embodiments of this invention are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations falling within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this invention should be included within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A carbon block appearance sampling system based on dynamic matching, characterized in that, Integrated along the direction of charcoal block conveying: A roller conveyor line, comprising multiple flexible rollers, for conveying carbon blocks to be tested; The scanning sampling module includes a 3D laser profilometer set above the roller conveyor line, a 2D linear array camera for scanning the left and right side surfaces and the upper and lower surfaces of the carbon block, and a 2D area array camera for capturing images of the front and rear end faces of the carbon block. And a speed adaptation module, which includes an encoder adapted to the elastic roller, a position sensor for front-side camera triggering and rear-side camera triggering, and a controller connecting the encoder and the position sensor; The controller is used to control the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear array camera to acquire images based on the trigger signal from the position sensor, and to obtain the carbon block conveying speed in real time based on the encoder signal, and to dynamically adjust the sampling duration and sampling frequency of the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear array camera according to the conveying speed, including: The carbon block conveying speed is compensated based on the amount of compression caused by the elastic roller pressing against the bottom surface of the carbon block. The sampling time is corrected based on the trigger signal from the position sensor, combined with the compensated conveying speed and the acquisition results from the 3D laser profilometer. The sampling frequency is calculated based on the compensated conveying speed; The controller is also used to control the 2D line scan camera to perform sampling based on the corrected sampling duration and the calculated sampling frequency.

2. The carbon block appearance sampling system based on dynamic matching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following formula is used to compensate for the obtained carbon block conveying speed: v = (π·D·f) / N·k; k = 1 + 0.02·(δ / E) Where π is the mathematical constant pi, D is the diameter of the elastic roller, f is the encoder output frequency, N is the number of pulses per encoder revolution, k is the elastic compensation coefficient, δ is the compression of the elastic roller, and E is the elastic modulus of the elastic roller material.

3. The charcoal block appearance sampling system based on dynamic matching according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the trigger signal from the position sensor, and combined with the compensated conveying speed and the acquisition results from the 3D laser profilometer, the sampling time is corrected using the following formula: t 采集 = max(L max / v, L 实测 / v + Δt1) Among them, t 采集 L is the corrected sampling duration. max L is the length of the largest charcoal block. 实测 Δt1 represents the length of the carbon block as identified in real time by the 3D profilometer, and Δt1 represents the system redundancy time.

4. The carbon block appearance sampling system based on dynamic matching according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sampling frequency is calculated based on the compensated conveying speed using the following formula: Among them, f s The calculated sampling frequency is d, and the preset sampling point spacing is d.

5. The carbon block appearance sampling system based on dynamic matching according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculated sampling frequency f s Based on the preset conveying speed range [V min V max [Configured with constraints f] s ∈[f min , f max When the conveying speed is less than V min At that time, the sampling frequency f s Take f min When the conveying speed is greater than V max At that time, the sampling frequency f s Take f max And it triggered an overspeed alarm.

6. The carbon block appearance sampling system based on dynamic matching according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The controller is also used to determine abnormal operating conditions based on encoder signals, and when an abnormal operating condition is determined, to perform interpolation compensation on the acquired carbon block conveying speed.

7. The carbon block appearance sampling system based on dynamic matching according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining abnormal operating conditions based on encoder signals includes: Monitor whether the encoder's output frequency changes abruptly; If the encoder's output frequency changes abruptly and the change rate exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined to be an abnormal operating condition. The mutation rate is calculated using the formula |f n -f n-1 | / f n-1 f n f is the output frequency at the current moment. n-1 This represents the output frequency at the previous moment.

8. The carbon block appearance sampling system based on dynamic matching according to claim 7, characterized in that, The following formula is used to interpolate and compensate for the obtained carbon block conveying speed: in, v is the conveying speed at the previous moment, λ is the attenuation coefficient, and v 预测 The linear prediction rate is based on the first n sampling points, and Δt is the duration of the output frequency change.

9. A method for sampling the appearance of carbon blocks based on the system described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The carbon block to be tested is fed into the roller conveyor line; The trigger signal from the front-side camera trigger position sensor controls the 3D laser profilometer and the 2D area array camera used to capture images of the front-side of the carbon block to acquire images, and the carbon block conveying speed is obtained in real time based on the encoder output signal. The sampling duration and sampling frequency of the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear scan camera are dynamically adjusted based on the obtained carbon block conveying speed, and the 3D laser profilometer and 2D linear scan camera are controlled to perform sampling based on the corrected sampling duration and the calculated sampling frequency. The trigger signal from the position sensor of the rear-end camera controls the 2D area array camera used to capture images of the rear end of the carbon block to acquire rear end images and end the current sampling.

Images