An electricity meter based environmental monitoring method

Abstract

This specification discloses an environmental monitoring method based on electricity meters. The method is applied to an environmental monitoring system based on electricity meters, which includes an environmental monitoring unit and a meter body. The method includes: dividing the monitoring area into multiple monitoring sub-domains; sampling each monitoring sub-domain according to a set sampling period to obtain environmental data and electricity consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain; establishing a correlation between the environmental data and electricity consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain; selecting a corresponding monitoring sub-domain based on the environmental data and a set pollution threshold; and performing pollution control on the selected monitoring sub-domain based on the correlation between the environmental data and electricity consumption data corresponding to the selected monitoring sub-domain. This extends environmental monitoring functionality to electricity meters, reuses meter resources, and significantly reduces the construction and maintenance costs of the environmental monitoring network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multi-functional electricity meter technology, and in particular to an environmental monitoring method based on electricity meters. Background Technology

[0002] Smart meters are intelligent terminals of smart grids. They are no longer traditional electricity meters. In addition to the basic electricity metering function of traditional electricity meters, smart meters also have intelligent functions such as bidirectional multi-rate metering, user-end control function, bidirectional data communication function with multiple data transmission modes, and anti-theft function in order to adapt to the use of smart grids and new energy sources. Smart meters represent the development direction of intelligent terminals for end users of future energy-saving smart grids.

[0003] Air quality is a matter of vital importance to everyone and has a crucial impact on residents' physical and mental health. Existing environmental monitoring devices require manual relocation to monitor the environment at different locations. The large-scale relocation and installation of these devices significantly increases the operational costs of urban environmental monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this specification describes an environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter through one or more embodiments.

[0005] According to a first aspect, a meter-based environmental monitoring method is provided, the method being applied to a meter-based environmental monitoring system, the system including a monitoring meter, the monitoring meter including an environmental monitoring unit and a meter body, the meter body being used to collect electricity consumption data of the user corresponding to the monitoring meter, and the environmental monitoring unit being used to collect environmental data around the monitoring meter, the method comprising:

[0006] The monitoring area is divided into multiple monitoring sub-domains. Based on a set sampling period, each monitoring sub-domain is sampled to obtain environmental data and electricity consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain. The correlation between the environmental data and electricity consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain is established.

[0007] Based on the environmental data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain and the set pollution threshold, the corresponding monitoring sub-domain is selected, and pollution control is carried out on the selected monitoring sub-domain based on the correlation between the environmental data corresponding to the selected monitoring sub-domain and the electricity consumption data.

[0008] Preferably, the method further includes: if the environmental data corresponding to a certain monitoring sub-domain is greater than the pollution threshold, and the electricity consumption data corresponding to the monitoring sub-domain is within the set electricity consumption range, then an abnormal information is sent.

[0009] Preferably, the monitoring area includes at least one power load source, and the pollution control of the selected monitoring area based on the correlation between environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to the selected monitoring area includes:

[0010] Based on the environmental data corresponding to the selected monitoring sub-domain, the pollution level of the selected monitoring sub-domain is determined. Based on the correlation between the environmental data and the electricity data of each electricity load source within the selected monitoring sub-domain, the corresponding electricity load source is selected. Based on the pollution level of the selected monitoring sub-domain, pollution control is implemented on the selected electricity load source.

[0011] Preferably, the step of selecting the corresponding power load source based on the correlation between environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to each power load source within the selected monitoring domain includes:

[0012] Meteorological data within the selected monitoring area is collected, and the corresponding power load source is selected based on the correlation between the meteorological data within the selected monitoring area and the environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to the power load source within the selected monitoring area.

[0013] Preferably, the method further includes: determining the emission period of each power load source within each monitoring sub-domain based on environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain; obtaining historical data of each power load source; and determining the power load source with illegal discharge behavior based on the emission period of each power load source and the historical data of each power load source.

[0014] Preferably, the environmental data includes temperature, humidity, and particulate matter concentration. The step of sampling each monitoring sub-domain based on a set sampling period to obtain the environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain includes: obtaining the load power of the monitoring meter, compensating the sampled temperature and humidity based on the load power, obtaining a baseline value in a particulate matter-free environment, and compensating the sampled particulate matter concentration based on the baseline value.

[0015] Preferably, the meter body includes a housing, a main control unit, a communication unit, a power supply unit, a metering unit, and a data storage unit disposed within the housing, and the environmental monitoring unit includes a PM2.5 / PM10 sensing module and a temperature and humidity sensing module, and a metal shielding partition is provided between the environmental monitoring unit and the main control unit.

[0016] Preferably, a wire with a metal braided mesh attached to its outer surface is provided between the environmental monitoring unit and the main control unit, and the metal braided mesh is grounded.

[0017] Preferably, the outer casing is provided with a first wiring groove and a second wiring groove. The metering unit and the power supply unit are wired through the first wiring groove, and the environmental monitoring unit and the communication unit are wired through the second wiring groove. The distance between the first wiring groove and the second wiring groove is greater than or equal to 5mm.

[0018] Preferably, the wiring between the power supply unit and the power grid crosses perpendicularly with the connection lines between the various units within the monitoring meter.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The methods and apparatus provided in the embodiments of this specification utilize the scalability of electricity meters to extend environmental monitoring functions onto the meters. They leverage the wide distribution and small space requirements of electricity meters for environmental monitoring. When pollution levels are too high in a certain area, corresponding pollution control measures are selected based on the correlation between electricity consumption data and environmental data for that area. This reuses electricity meter resources, significantly reducing the construction and maintenance costs of the environmental monitoring network. Furthermore, it enables the fusion analysis of electricity consumption data and environmental data, uncovering the correlation value between them, overcoming the limitations of single monitoring, and providing a basis for pollution control. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an environmental monitoring system based on an electricity meter, as specifically implemented in this specification.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter, as specifically implemented in this manual. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the following description, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The following description provides multiple embodiments of this application, which can be substituted or combined with each other. Therefore, this application can also be considered to include all possible combinations of the same and / or different embodiments described. Thus, if one embodiment includes features A, B, and C, and another embodiment includes features B and D, then this application should also be considered to include embodiments containing one or more other possible combinations of A, B, C, and D, even if such embodiments are not explicitly described in the following text.

[0026] The following description provides examples and does not limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the described elements without departing from the scope of this application. Various processes or components may be appropriately omitted, substituted, or added to the examples. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described with respect to some examples may be combined into other examples.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This specification illustrates a schematic diagram of the architecture of an environmental monitoring system based on an electricity meter, as provided in an embodiment of this specification.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the meter-based environmental monitoring system includes a monitoring meter, which comprises an environmental monitoring unit and a meter body. The meter body includes a casing, and within the casing are a main control unit, a communication unit, a power supply unit, a metering unit, and a data storage unit. The main control unit includes an MCU for controlling sampling timing, processing data, performing calibration, and implementing low-power strategies. The communication unit is the existing meter's communication unit for data uploading and command reception. The power supply unit is the existing meter's power supply unit to ensure a stable power supply environment. The metering unit is the existing meter's metering unit for measuring user electricity consumption data. The data storage unit uses a Flash / EEPROM chip for local data storage to prevent data loss. The environmental monitoring unit is electrically connected to the main control unit. The environmental monitoring unit includes a PM2.5 / PM10 sensing module and a temperature and humidity sensing module. The PM2.5 / PM10 sensing module uses a laser / infrared scattering sensor, which is connected to the main control unit via a UART interface. The temperature and humidity sensing module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, which is connected to the main control unit via an I2C / SPI interface. Preferably, the temperature and humidity sensor and the PM2.5 / PM10 sensing module are placed in the ventilation area of ​​the monitoring meter, so as to utilize the external environment for cooling and reduce the impact of heat generation from the internal components of the monitoring meter.

[0029] Furthermore, a metal (copper, aluminum, or galvanized steel, etc.) shielding partition is installed between the metering unit and the main control unit, and a metal shielding partition is installed between the environmental monitoring unit and the main control unit to form physical isolation and block the propagation path of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation.

[0030] Furthermore, the sensors in the environmental monitoring unit are connected to the MCU via wires with a metal (copper, aluminum, or galvanized steel, etc.) braided mesh on the outside. The metal braided mesh is grounded to avoid forming loops and reduce electromagnetic interference.

[0031] Furthermore, the high-voltage circuits (metering unit, power supply unit) utilize the first wiring trough, while the low-voltage circuits (sensor, communication unit) utilize the second wiring trough, with the distance between the first and second wiring troughs being ≥5mm.

[0032] Furthermore, the wiring between the power supply unit and the power grid crosses perpendicularly with the connection lines between the various units within the monitoring meter, thereby avoiding parallel wiring and reducing mutual inductance coupling.

[0033] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application can be implemented by means of software and / or hardware. In this specification, "unit" and "module" refer to software and / or hardware that can independently complete or cooperate with other components to complete a specific function, wherein the hardware may be, for example, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an integrated circuit (IC), etc.

[0034] Each processing unit and / or module in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by an analog circuit that implements the functions described in the embodiments of this application, or by software that executes the functions described in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Please refer to the following. Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating an environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter, as provided in an embodiment of this specification, is shown.

[0036] See Figure 2 Environmental monitoring methods based on electricity meters include:

[0037] The monitoring area is divided into multiple monitoring sub-domains. Based on a set sampling period, each monitoring sub-domain is sampled to obtain environmental data and electricity consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain. The correlation between the environmental data and electricity consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain is established.

[0038] Based on the environmental data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain and the set pollution threshold, the corresponding monitoring sub-domain is selected, and pollution control is carried out on the selected monitoring sub-domain based on the correlation between the environmental data corresponding to the selected monitoring sub-domain and the electricity consumption data.

[0039] In the embodiments of this specification, the monitoring area is divided into multiple monitoring sub-domains. Each monitoring sub-domain may include one or more industrial parks or one or more residential communities. A sampling period is set, which can be 10 minutes per sampling. Within each sampling period, sampling is performed on each monitoring sub-domain to obtain corresponding environmental data and electricity consumption data. The environmental data includes PM2.5 / PM10 concentration and temperature and humidity collected by PM2.5 / PM10 sensing modules and temperature and humidity sensing modules. The electricity consumption data includes the electricity load within the sub-domain. The electricity consumption data (such as electricity consumption curves for industrial enterprises, commercial buildings, and residential communities) within the same monitoring sub-domain and time period are timestamped with environmental data such as PM2.5 / PM10 concentration, temperature, and humidity. Then, the correlation between the electricity consumption data and the environmental data is calculated according to the first calculation formula.

[0040] The first calculation formula is as follows:

[0041] in, , These represent electricity consumption data and environmental data, respectively. , This represents the average of electricity consumption data and environmental data, where n represents the sample size. A higher value indicates a greater correlation between electricity consumption data and environmental data.

[0042] A pollution threshold is set (e.g., PM2.5 / PM10 concentration of 75 μg / m³). When environmental data exceeds the pollution threshold, the corresponding detection area is selected. Then, based on the correlation between electricity consumption data and environmental data, corresponding measures are selected to control pollution in the selected monitoring area. In this application, the scalability of electricity meters is utilized to extend environmental monitoring functions to the meters. The wide distribution and small space occupation of electricity meters are used for environmental monitoring. When pollution is too high in a certain area, corresponding measures are selected for pollution control based on the correlation between electricity consumption data and environmental data in that area. This reuses electricity meter resources, significantly reducing the construction and maintenance costs of the environmental monitoring network. Furthermore, it achieves integrated analysis of electricity consumption data and environmental data, uncovering the correlation value between them, overcoming the limitations of single monitoring, and providing a basis for pollution control.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: if the environmental data corresponding to a certain monitoring sub-domain is greater than the pollution threshold, and the electricity consumption data corresponding to the monitoring sub-domain is within a set electricity consumption range, then an abnormal information is sent.

[0044] In the embodiments of this specification, if the power load of a certain monitoring area is within the set power consumption range, but the environmental data of the monitoring area is greater than the pollution threshold, an abnormal information is sent to indicate that there is fugitive emission or abnormal monitoring point in the area.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the monitoring sub-domain includes at least one power load source. The pollution control of the selected monitoring sub-domain based on the correlation between environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to the selected monitoring sub-domain includes: determining the pollution level of the selected monitoring sub-domain based on the environmental data corresponding to the selected monitoring sub-domain; selecting the corresponding power load source based on the correlation between environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to each power load source within the selected monitoring sub-domain; and controlling the pollution of the selected power load source based on the pollution level of the selected monitoring sub-domain.

[0046] In the embodiments of this specification, the pollution level of a region is classified according to the environmental data concentration (e.g., PM2.5 / PM10 concentration) corresponding to the selected monitoring sub-region. If the PM2.5 / PM10 concentration exceeds 75 μg / m³ but is less than a first preset value, the monitoring sub-region is classified as a low-pollution zone; if the PM2.5 / PM10 concentration exceeds the first preset value, the monitoring sub-region is classified as a high-pollution zone. As can be seen from the above, each monitoring sub-region may include multiple industrial parks or multiple residential communities. Each industrial park or residential community is denoted as... For each electricity load source, the correlation between its electricity consumption data and environmental data is calculated using the first formula described above. Then, based on this correlation, the corresponding electricity load source is traced back. If the monitoring area is classified as a low-pollution zone, measures such as staggered production and production restrictions are implemented for the selected electricity load sources with high correlation to reduce electricity load and thus reduce pollutant emissions. If the monitoring area is classified as a high-pollution zone, an emergency response is activated, and the selected electricity load sources with high correlation are shut down or suspended. After the control measures are implemented, changes in electricity consumption data and environmental data are monitored in real time to assess the emission reduction effect. If PM2.5 / PM10 concentrations decrease synchronously with the decrease in electricity load, the control measures are considered effective; if there is no significant change in concentration, the control strategy needs to be adjusted.

[0047] In one possible implementation, selecting the corresponding power load source based on the correlation between environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to each power load source within the selected monitoring domain includes:

[0048] Meteorological data within the selected monitoring area is collected, and the corresponding power load source is selected based on the correlation between the meteorological data within the selected monitoring area and the environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to the power load source within the selected monitoring area.

[0049] In the embodiments described in this specification, meteorological data, including wind direction and wind speed, is collected within a selected monitoring area. The possible locations of pollutant sources are then inferred based on wind direction, wind speed, and a back-diffusion model (such as CALPUFF). Subsequently, the corresponding power load source is selected based on the correlation between environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to power load sources within the selected monitoring area. For example, if the pollutant emission source is inferred from wind direction, wind speed, and a back-diffusion model (such as CALPUFF), it may be emitted by power load source 1, power load source 2, and power load source 3. However, power load source 1 has the highest correlation, so it is determined as the pollutant emission source.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining the emission period of each power load source within each monitoring sub-domain based on environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain; acquiring historical data of each power load source; and determining the power load source with illegal discharge behavior based on the emission period of each power load source and the historical data of each power load source.

[0051] In the embodiments of this specification, environmental and electricity consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain are obtained by sampling in each sampling period. The environmental and electricity consumption data are analyzed to determine the production period of the emission source by analyzing the time difference between changes in environmental and electricity consumption data. For example, if PM2.5 / PM10 concentrations reach their peak 30 minutes after the electricity load increases, the start-up time of the emission source can be inferred. Then, historical data for each electricity load source within each monitoring sub-domain is obtained. Historical data includes electricity consumption and environmental data for the same historical period for that electricity load source. If the difference between the current day's environmental and electricity consumption data and historical data for a certain electricity load source exceeds a set threshold, it is determined that the electricity load source is engaging in illegal emissions.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the environmental data includes temperature, humidity, and particulate matter concentration. The step of sampling each monitoring sub-domain based on a set sampling period to obtain the environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain includes: obtaining the load power of the monitoring meter, compensating the sampled temperature and humidity based on the load power, obtaining a baseline value in a particulate-free environment, and compensating the sampled particulate matter concentration based on the baseline value.

[0053] In the embodiments of this specification, different load powers (e.g., 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% of rated power) are applied to the electricity meter in a constant temperature laboratory. After thermal equilibrium is reached, the load power, the reading of the internal sensor of the electricity meter, and the actual ambient temperature of the laboratory (measured by a high-precision external thermometer) are recorded. Then, the temperature rise is calculated. The temperature rise is equal to the reading of the internal sensor of the electricity meter minus the actual ambient temperature of the laboratory. A functional relationship between the temperature rise and the electricity meter power is fitted through regression analysis. During the monitoring of the electricity meter's use, the load power of the monitoring meter is collected. The temperature rise is calculated based on the collected load power and the functional relationship between the temperature rise and the electricity meter power. The temperature and humidity obtained from the meter sampling are compensated based on the temperature rise, thereby eliminating the problem of overestimation caused by the meter's heat and ensuring the accuracy of the sampled data. In a particulate-free environment, the sensor output is collected as a baseline value. The sampled particulate concentration minus the baseline value is the true particulate concentration.

[0054] The foregoing description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of embodiments of this disclosure upon considering the specification and practicing the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of this disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An environmental monitoring method based on electricity meters, characterized in that, The method is applied to an environmental monitoring system based on electricity meters. The system includes a monitoring meter, which includes an environmental monitoring unit and a meter body. The meter body is used to collect electricity consumption data of the user corresponding to the monitoring meter, and the environmental monitoring unit is used to collect environmental data around the monitoring meter. The method includes: The monitoring area is divided into multiple monitoring sub-domains. Based on a set sampling period, each monitoring sub-domain is sampled to obtain environmental data and electricity consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain. The correlation between the environmental data and electricity consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain is established. Based on the environmental data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain and the set pollution threshold, the corresponding monitoring sub-domain is selected, and pollution control is carried out on the selected monitoring sub-domain based on the correlation between the environmental data corresponding to the selected monitoring sub-domain and the electricity consumption data.

2. The environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: if the environmental data corresponding to a certain monitoring sub-domain is greater than the pollution threshold, and the electricity consumption data corresponding to the monitoring sub-domain is within the set electricity consumption range, then an abnormal information is sent.

3. The environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring area includes at least one power load source, and the pollution control of the selected monitoring area based on the correlation between environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to the selected monitoring area includes: Based on the environmental data corresponding to the selected monitoring sub-domain, the pollution level of the selected monitoring sub-domain is determined. Based on the correlation between the environmental data and the electricity data of each electricity load source within the selected monitoring sub-domain, the corresponding electricity load source is selected. Based on the pollution level of the selected monitoring sub-domain, pollution control is implemented on the selected electricity load source.

4. The environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The selection of the corresponding power load source based on the correlation between environmental data and power consumption data of each power load source within the selected monitoring domain includes: Meteorological data within the selected monitoring area is collected, and the corresponding power load source is selected based on the correlation between the meteorological data within the selected monitoring area and the environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to the power load source within the selected monitoring area.

5. The environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: determining the emission period of each power load source within each monitoring sub-domain based on environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain; obtaining historical data of each power load source; and determining the power load source with illegal discharge behavior based on the emission period of each power load source and the historical data of each power load source.

6. The environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental data includes temperature, humidity, and particulate matter concentration. The step of sampling each monitoring sub-domain based on a set sampling period to obtain the environmental data and power consumption data corresponding to each monitoring sub-domain includes: obtaining the load power of the monitoring meter, compensating the sampled temperature and humidity based on the load power, obtaining a baseline value in a particulate matter-free environment, and compensating the sampled particulate matter concentration based on the baseline value.

7. The environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The meter body includes a housing, a main control unit, a communication unit, a power supply unit, a metering unit, and a data storage unit disposed within the housing. The environmental monitoring unit includes a PM2.5 / PM10 sensing module and a temperature and humidity sensing module. A metal shielding partition is provided between the environmental monitoring unit and the main control unit.

8. The environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The environmental monitoring unit and the main control unit are connected by a wire with a metal braided mesh attached to its outer surface, and the metal braided mesh is grounded.

9. The environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer casing is provided with a first wiring groove and a second wiring groove. The metering unit and the power supply unit are wired through the first wiring groove, and the environmental monitoring unit and the communication unit are wired through the second wiring groove. The distance between the first wiring groove and the second wiring groove is greater than or equal to 5mm.

10. The environmental monitoring method based on an electricity meter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The wiring between the power supply unit and the power grid intersects perpendicularly with the connection lines between the various units within the monitoring meter.

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