Biological aerosol enrichment exposure device

Abstract

This invention discloses a bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device, comprising a main body, an enrichment chamber, an auxiliary chamber, and an exposure device. The enrichment chamber is located to the left of the auxiliary chamber. Inside the enrichment chamber are installed a water tank, condenser tubes, a virtual cutter, a rotary flow sampler, sampling bottles, and an inner frame. One set of water tanks is located below the inner frame. The rotary flow sampler is installed inside the inner frame. One set of condenser tubes is installed on top of one set of water tanks. One set of virtual cutters is installed on top of one set of condenser tubes, and all virtual cutters are located on top of the inner frame. A main airflow outlet is located on the side of each virtual cutter. This device enables rapid assessment of bioaerosol hazards while improving equipment mobility and safety, providing end-to-end technical support for accurate monitoring and risk control of low-concentration bioaerosols.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerosol pollution monitoring technology, specifically to a bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, incidents of indoor and outdoor air pollutants harming human health have occurred frequently. For example, formaldehyde released from indoor decoration materials can lead to diseases such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and leukemia with long-term exposure. According to relevant data, indoor air pollution causes 111,000 deaths annually in my country. Outdoor aerosol pollution should not be underestimated either. Microorganisms contained in aerosols, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, SARS virus, and H1N1 influenza A virus, can transmit diseases through the respiratory tract, seriously threatening public health. Therefore, accurate monitoring of aerosol pollution is essential.

[0003] Existing aerosol pollution monitoring devices face challenges in bioaerosol enrichment and quantification (current bioaerosol collection technologies suffer from low efficiency, poor accuracy, and difficulty in real-time monitoring, failing to meet the requirements for efficient enrichment and precise quantification of low-concentration bioaerosols. This invention, through innovative structural design and working principle, achieves real-time collection and efficient enrichment of low-concentration airborne bioaerosols, improving the detection sensitivity and quantitative accuracy of bioaerosols), inaccurate monitoring data (traditional monitoring methods are affected by various factors such as sampling flow rate, sampling medium, sampling time, wall loss, and electrostatic effects, leading to significant errors in monitoring data. This invention optimizes the sampling process and improves the sampling device, reducing interference from external factors on the sampling results, thereby improving the reliability and stability of monitoring data), and challenges in cell exposure toxicity detection (currently, for...). Current methods for testing the toxicity of bioaerosols primarily rely on laboratory analysis, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unable to reflect the dynamic changes of bioaerosols in the environment in a timely manner. This invention, through an integrated design, combines the collection, enrichment, and cellular exposure toxicity detection of bioaerosols to achieve rapid and accurate detection of bioaerosol toxicity and timely assessment of their potential threats to human health. It also addresses the issues of system integration and optimization (existing bioaerosol monitoring equipment has scattered and independent components with exposed wiring, resulting in large footprints, safety hazards, and potential data bias). This invention, through an integrated design, consolidates various functional modules into a compact device, reducing footprint, improving space utilization, and optimizing internal structure and wiring layout to reduce safety risks and minimize human interference with experimental data. Therefore, a solution is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device includes a device body, which comprises an enrichment chamber, an auxiliary chamber, and an exposure device. The enrichment chamber is located to the left of the auxiliary chamber. Inside the enrichment chamber, a water tank, condenser tubes, a virtual cutter, a rotary flow sampler, sampling bottles, and an inner frame are installed. A set of water tanks is located below the inner frame. The rotary flow sampler is installed inside the inner frame. A set of condenser tubes is installed on top of a set of water tanks. A set of virtual cutters is installed on top of a set of condenser tubes, and all virtual cutters are located on top of the inner frame. A main airflow outlet is located on the side of each virtual cutter. A set of sampling bottles is installed on top of the inner frame, and each set of sampling bottles is connected to a set of virtual cutters via pipes.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary box is equipped with a main airflow vacuum pump, a partition, a concentrated airflow vacuum pump and a condenser. The auxiliary box has a rectangular structure. The main airflow vacuum pump is located below the partition, the concentrated airflow vacuum pump and the condenser are both located at the top of the partition, and the concentrated airflow vacuum pump is located at the front end of the condenser.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a straight pipe is installed inside the inner box frame. There are two sets of straight pipes. The input ends of the two sets of straight pipes are located at the top of the inner box frame. A collision-type PM2.5 cutting head is installed at the top input end of the two sets of straight pipes. The bottom of the two sets of straight pipes is respectively installed on the top of a water tank. The straight pipes and the water tanks are both through-type structures.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water tank has a rectangular structure, the water tank is filled with water, an electric heating rod with a temperature sensor is installed at the right end of the water tank, a temperature control display device and a viewing window are respectively provided on the front side of the water tank, a water tank insulation layer is provided on the outside of the water tank, and the electric heating rod with temperature sensor is electrically connected to the temperature control display device.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a condenser inner tube is provided inside the condenser tube, and a condenser outer spiral tube is wound around the outer circumference of the condenser inner tube. A refrigerant circulation pipe is provided at both ends of the condenser outer spiral tube, and both ends of the condenser outer spiral tube are connected to the condenser through the refrigerant circulation pipe.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a high-flow-rate mass flow controller is provided on the side of the main airflow vacuum pump. The high-flow-rate mass flow controller is electrically connected to the main airflow vacuum pump. A drying tube is provided at the input end of the main airflow vacuum pump. The input end of the main airflow vacuum pump is connected to the main airflow outlet through the drying tube.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sampling bottle is provided with a concentrated gas flow tube on its side, a float flow agent is installed inside the concentrated gas flow tube, the outer end of the concentrated gas flow tube is connected to a concentrated gas flow vacuum pump, the sampling bottle has a conical structure, and the upper diameter of the sampling bottle is smaller than the lower diameter of the sampling bottle.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the exposure device includes an exposure cabinet and an exposure tower. The exposure tower is installed inside the exposure cabinet and has a cylindrical structure with a hollow interior. An exposure connector is provided at the top of the exposure tower, and the exposure connector is connected to the output end of a concentrated gas flow vacuum pump through a pipe. Several sets of parallel templates and gas flow pipes are arranged in a ring-shaped equidistant pattern on the outside of the exposure tower. The exposure tower, parallel templates, and gas flow pipes are all interconnected. A tray base is provided at the bottom of the exposure tower, and several sets of support legs are arranged in a ring-shaped equidistant pattern at the bottom of the tray base. The support legs have a cylindrical structure.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, steering brake wheels are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the enrichment box and the auxiliary box, two sets of symmetrically distributed connecting and fixing devices are provided between the enrichment box and the auxiliary box, a telescopic channel pipe is provided between the enrichment box and the auxiliary box, and lifting rings are provided at the four corners of the top of the enrichment box and the auxiliary box.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In the bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device of this invention, by setting up components such as an auxiliary virtual cutter, a collision-type PM2.5 cutter head, and a rotating flow sampler in synergy, accurate screening, efficient enrichment, and real-time collection of low-concentration bioaerosols are achieved, improving detection sensitivity and quantitative accuracy. Through the coordination of water tank temperature control, condensation circulation system, drying tube, and flow controller, the sampling environment and airflow parameters are stabilized, reducing interference from external factors and enhancing the reliability of monitoring data. The integrated exposure device allows the enriched aerosols to be directly introduced into the exposure tower for cytotoxicity testing, realizing the integration of collection-enrichment-detection, enabling rapid assessment of health threats. At the same time, the compact integrated layout of the device body, stable module connection, and built-in circuit design reduce the footprint, improve mobility, and also reduce safety hazards and human data deviation. The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device of the present invention greatly improves the enrichment efficiency of microbial aerosols and ensures that the chemical composition, morphology and aerodynamic properties of bioaerosols are less affected by the internal resistance of the device, making the monitoring and exposure data closer to the "in-situ" atmospheric bioaerosol concentration. High-efficiency enrichment capability: The bioaerosol enrichment exposure device employs advanced enrichment technologies, such as electrostatic deposition, inertial impaction, and the principle of aerosol saturation condensation, to achieve highly efficient enrichment of bioaerosols. Furthermore, by optimizing the structure and parameters of the enrichment device, enrichment efficiency and accuracy can be further improved to meet the concentration requirements of bioaerosols. Intelligent Operation: The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device adopts an intelligent operating system, featuring simple operation, high automation, and strong data processing capabilities. Users can set and operate the device through a touch screen or remote control system. Simultaneously, the device can automatically complete data acquisition, processing, storage, and transmission, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of monitoring.

[0015] Serialized Instruments: To meet the needs of various fields for monitoring bioaerosol enrichment, a series of products have been developed. These products have different enrichment efficiencies, measurement ranges, and accuracy levels, and can be selected and used according to the actual needs of users. Furthermore, these products can be used in conjunction with other self-developed equipment to form monitoring systems with independent intellectual property rights, providing comprehensive technical support for bioaerosol enrichment exposure. Practical Application Value: This device has significant practical value. In the field of public health, it can monitor bioaerosols in the air of densely populated areas such as hospitals, schools, and public places in real time, promptly detect potential pathogenic microorganisms, provide crucial data support for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, help formulate targeted prevention and control measures, reduce the risk of disease transmission, and protect public health. In environmental monitoring, it can be used to monitor bioaerosol communities in the atmosphere and indoor air, assess air quality, study the role of bioaerosols in ecosystems and their impact on climate change, and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of environmental protection policies. In the field of biosafety, it can monitor bioaerosols in biosafety laboratories, biopharmaceutical workshops, and other locations, prevent biohazards caused by bioaerosol leaks, and ensure biosafety. In summary, the device of this invention provides reliable data for the formulation of airborne pathogenic microorganism monitoring and control measures, and has broad application prospects and socio-economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal component structure of the enrichment box and auxiliary box of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the enrichment box and auxiliary box structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall component connection structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exposure tower structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Device body; 2. Enrichment box; 3. Auxiliary box; 4. Exposure device; 5. Water tank; 6. Condenser; 7. Virtual cutter; 8. Rotary flow sampler; 9. Sampling bottle; 10. Inner box frame; 11. Main airflow outlet; 12. Main airflow vacuum pump; 13. Baffle; 14. Concentrated airflow vacuum pump; 15. Condenser; 16. Straight pipe; 17. Impact-type PM2.5 cutter head; 18. Water body; 19. Electric heating rod with temperature sensor; 20. Temperature control display device; 21. Viewing window; 22. Water tank insulation layer; 23. Condenser inner pipe; 24. Condenser outer spiral pipe; 25. Refrigerant circulation pipe; 26. High-flow-rate mass flow controller; 27. Drying pipe; 28. Concentrated gas flow pipe; 29. ​​Float flow agent; 30. Exposure cabinet; 31. Exposure tower; 32. Exposure joint; 33. Parallel template; 34. Gas flow hole pipe; 35. Tower tray base; 36. Support leg; 37. Steering brake wheel; 38. Connecting fastener; 39. Telescopic channel pipe; 40. Lifting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: A bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device includes a device body 1, which comprises an enrichment box 2, an auxiliary box 3, and an exposure device 4. The enrichment box 2 is located to the left of the auxiliary box 3. Inside the enrichment box 2 are installed a water tank 5, a condenser tube 6, a virtual cutter 7, a rotary flow sampler 8, sampling bottles 9, and an inner frame 10. A set of water tanks 5 is located below the inner frame 10. The rotary flow sampler 8 is installed inside the inner frame 10. A set of condenser tubes 6 is installed on top of a set of water tanks 5. A set of virtual cutters 7 is installed on top of a set of condenser tubes 6, and all virtual cutters 7 are located on top of the inner frame 10. A main airflow outlet 11 is provided on the side of each virtual cutter 7. A set of sampling bottles 9 is installed on top of the inner frame 10, and each set of sampling bottles 9 is connected to a set of virtual cutters 7 via pipes.

[0020] Analysis of the above: Enrichment chamber 2 is the core area for aerosol collection; external airflow first passes through virtual cutter 7 for preliminary screening of target aerosols, then undergoes airflow pretreatment through condenser tube 6, and rotary flow sampler 8 controls the sampling flow rate, ultimately enriching the target aerosols into sampling bottle 9; water tank 5 provides the basic sampling environment, and inner frame 10 organizes the layout of various components; when collecting high-concentration aerosols, the flow rate of rotary flow sampler 8 is reduced; when collecting low-concentration aerosols, the flow rate is increased and the sampling time is extended; inner frame 10 integrates components, reducing space waste; sampling bottle 9 is directly connected to virtual cutter 7, reducing aerosol transmission loss; it can flexibly adapt to aerosol collection scenarios of different concentrations.

[0021] Example 2: Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: The auxiliary box 3 is equipped with a main airflow vacuum pump 12, a partition 13, a concentrated airflow vacuum pump 14 and a condenser 15. The auxiliary box 3 has a rectangular structure. The main airflow vacuum pump 12 is located below the partition 13. The concentrated airflow vacuum pump 14 and the condenser 15 are both located at the top of the partition 13. The concentrated airflow vacuum pump 14 is located at the front end of the condenser 15.

[0022] Analysis of the above content: Auxiliary box 3 is the power and control area. The main airflow vacuum pump 12 extracts excess airflow from the enrichment box 2 through the main airflow outlet 11; the concentrating airflow vacuum pump 14 provides power for the aerosol concentration of sampling bottle 9; the condenser 15 supplies power to the condensation components through pipelines; the partition 13 separates the high and low pressure components to avoid mutual interference; when rapid aerosol enrichment is required, the high-power mode of the concentrating airflow vacuum pump 14 is turned on; when energy saving is required, it is switched to the low-power mode; the partition 13 separates the high and low pressure components to reduce equipment interference; the dual vacuum pumps work independently and can adapt to different enrichment efficiency requirements.

[0023] Example 3: Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: a straight pipe 16 is installed inside the inner box frame 10. There are two sets of straight pipes 16. The input ends of the two sets of straight pipes 16 are located at the top of the inner box frame 10. A collision-type PM2.5 cutting head 17 is installed at the top input end of the two sets of straight pipes 16. The bottom of the two sets of straight pipes 16 is respectively installed on the top of a water tank 5. The straight pipe 16 and the water tank 5 are both through-type structures.

[0024] Analysis of the above: Straight pipe 16 is an airflow bypass channel. The impact-type PM2.5 cutting head 17 can accurately filter aerosols with PM2.5 particle size. After passing through the cutting head 17, the airflow is directly introduced into the water tank 5 through straight pipe 16. When collecting aerosols with a particle size larger than PM2.5, the valve of straight pipe 16 is closed. When collecting only PM2.5, straight pipe 16 is opened. The impact-type PM2.5 cutting head 17 achieves accurate particle size classification. Straight pipe 16 provides an optional airflow channel, which greatly improves the targeting of sampling.

[0025] Example 4: Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: the water tank 3 has a rectangular structure, the water tank 5 is filled with water 18, an electric heating rod 19 with a temperature sensor is installed at the right end of the water tank 5, a temperature control display device 20 and a viewing window 21 are respectively provided on the front side of the water tank 5, a water tank insulation layer 22 is provided on the outside of the water tank 5, and the electric heating rod 19 with a temperature sensor is electrically connected to the temperature control display device 20.

[0026] Analysis of the above: The water 18 in water tank 5 maintains the humidity of the sampling environment; the electric heating rod 19 with a temperature sensor regulates the water temperature, and the temperature control display device 20 displays the temperature in real time; the water tank insulation layer 22 reduces heat loss, and the viewing window 21 facilitates observation of the water status; in low-temperature environments, the electric heating rod 19 is turned on to raise the water temperature; when a high-humidity environment is required, the amount of water 18 is increased, and when the humidity is low, the amount of water is decreased; the temperature control display device 20 enables real-time temperature monitoring; the water tank insulation layer 22 stabilizes the sampling environment temperature; and the viewing window 21 facilitates operation and maintenance, ensuring the stability of the sampling environment.

[0027] Example 5: Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: a condenser inner tube 23 is inserted inside the condenser tube 6, and a condenser outer spiral tube 24 is wound around the outer periphery of the condenser inner tube 23. A refrigerant circulation tube 25 is provided at both ends of the condenser outer spiral tube 24, and the two ends of the condenser outer spiral tube 24 are connected to the condenser 15 through the refrigerant circulation tube 25.

[0028] Analysis of the above: The inner condenser tube 23 carries the aerosol gas flow, and the outer condenser spiral tube 24 is connected to the condenser 15 through the refrigerant circulation tube 25. The circulating refrigerant pre-treats the gas flow by cooling it, thus preventing aerosol deactivation. In high-temperature environments, the power of the condenser 15 is increased, thereby increasing the refrigerant circulation volume. In low-temperature environments, the power of the condenser 15 is reduced. The outer condenser spiral tube 24 increases the heat exchange area, thereby improving the pre-treatment efficiency. The refrigerant circulation design can precisely control the gas flow temperature and reduce the loss of aerosol activity.

[0029] Example 6: Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: a large flow mass flow controller 26 is provided on the side of the main airflow vacuum pump 12, the large flow mass flow controller 26 is electrically connected to the main airflow vacuum pump 12, a drying tube 27 is provided at the input end of the main airflow vacuum pump 12, and the input end of the main airflow vacuum pump 12 is connected to the main airflow outlet 11 through the drying tube 27.

[0030] Analysis of the above: The high-flow-rate mass flow controller 26 precisely controls the pumping flow rate of the main airflow vacuum pump 12; the drying tube 27 dries the airflow entering the main airflow vacuum pump 12, preventing moisture damage to the equipment; when sampling at high flow rates, the flow threshold of the mass flow controller 26 is increased; when sampling at low flow rates, the threshold is decreased; the high-flow-rate mass flow controller 26 ensures accurate pumping flow rate; the drying tube 27 protects the main airflow vacuum pump 12, extends equipment life, and improves airflow control accuracy.

[0031] Example 7: Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: the sampling bottle 9 is provided with a concentrated gas flow tube 28 on its side, a float flow agent 29 is installed in the concentrated gas flow tube 28, the outer end of the concentrated gas flow tube 28 is connected to a concentrated gas flow vacuum pump 14, the sampling bottle 9 has a conical structure, and the upper diameter of the sampling bottle 9 is smaller than the lower diameter of the sampling bottle 9.

[0032] Analysis of the above: The concentrating gas flow pipe 28 connects the sampling bottle 9 and the concentrating gas flow vacuum pump 14, and the float flow meter 29 displays the flow rate of the concentrating gas flow in real time; the conical structure (smaller at the top and larger at the bottom) of the sampling bottle 9 is conducive to aerosol sedimentation and enrichment; when rapid aerosol concentration is required, the flow rate of the float flow meter 29 is increased; when fine enrichment is required, the flow rate is decreased; the conical sampling bottle 9 improves the aerosol enrichment efficiency; the float flow meter 29 enables visual monitoring of the flow rate, facilitating precise control of the concentration process.

[0033] Example 8: Please see Figure 1-5The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: The exposure device 4 includes an exposure cabinet 30 and an exposure tower 31. The exposure tower 31 is installed inside the exposure cabinet 30. The exposure tower has a cylindrical structure and a hollow interior. The top of the exposure tower 31 is provided with an exposure connector 32. The exposure connector 32 is connected to the output end of the concentrated gas flow vacuum pump 14 through a pipe. The outer side of the exposure tower 31 is provided with several sets of parallel templates 33 and gas flow pipes 34 distributed in a ring-shaped equidistant manner. The exposure tower 31, the parallel templates 33, and the gas flow pipes 34 are all through-type structures. The bottom of the exposure tower 31 is provided with a tray base 35. The bottom of the tray base 35 is provided with several sets of support feet 36 distributed in a ring-shaped equidistant manner. The support feet 36 have a cylindrical structure.

[0034] Analysis of the above: The exposure device 4 is the toxicity detection zone. The enriched aerosol is introduced into the exposure tower 31 through the exposure connector 32 and evenly dispersed to each parallel sample plate 33 through the airflow vent tube 34 to achieve synchronous cell exposure. The tower tray 35 and the support foot 36 stabilize the structure of the exposure tower 31. When conducting multiple sets of cytotoxicity tests, the number of parallel sample plates 33 is increased; when conducting a single set of tests, the number of sample plates is reduced. The annular parallel sample plates 33 achieve synchronous exposure of multiple sets of cells. The airflow vent tube 34 ensures uniform distribution of aerosols and improves the parallelism and accuracy of toxicity detection.

[0035] Example 9: Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: the enrichment box 2 and the auxiliary box 3 are provided with steering brake wheels 37 at the four corners of their bottoms, the enrichment box 2 and the auxiliary box 3 are provided with two sets of symmetrically distributed connecting and fixing devices 38, the enrichment box 2 and the auxiliary box 3 are provided with telescopic channel pipes 39, and the enrichment box 2 and the auxiliary box 3 are provided with lifting rings 40 at the four corners of their tops.

[0036] Analysis of the above: The steering brake wheel 37 enables the movement and fixation of the device; the connecting fixture 38 reinforces the connection between the enrichment box 2 and the auxiliary box 3; the telescopic channel pipe 39 connects the pipelines of the two boxes; the lifting ring 40 facilitates the lifting and handling of the device; the brake wheel 37 is released when moving the device; the brake wheel 37 is locked when fixing the device; in large-scale deployment, the lifting ring 40 is used for lifting; the steering brake wheel 37 improves the mobility of the device; the telescopic channel pipe 39 adapts to different distances between the two boxes; the lifting ring 40 facilitates large-scale deployment, and the connecting fixture 38 ensures structural stability.

[0037] Working principle: The system consists of three main functional modules: enrichment box 2 (aerosol collection and enrichment core area), auxiliary box 3 (power and temperature control condensation protection area), and exposure device 4 (toxicity detection area). The connection between enrichment box 2 and auxiliary box 3 is achieved by connecting and fixing device 38. Telescopic channel pipe 39 enables flexible connection of pipelines between the two boxes. Steering brake wheel 37 ensures convenient movement and fixed position of the device. Lifting ring 40 meets the lifting and deployment requirements in large-scale scenarios. The overall architecture achieves compact integration of functional modules, laying the foundation for stable operation of the entire process, while significantly reducing the footprint and safety hazards of exposed wiring in traditional distributed equipment.

[0038] Its complete workflow and corresponding technical effects are as follows: External airflow containing bioaerosols can enter the enrichment chamber 2 through a dual path to achieve differentiated collection: PM2.5 targeted collection path: The airflow first passes through the impact-type PM2.5 cutting head 17 at the top of the straight pipe 16, which uses the principle of inertial collision to accurately sieve the target aerosols of PM2.5 particle size, removing large-sized invalid particles. Then, it is directly introduced into the water tank 5 through the through-type straight pipe 16. The water 18 filled in the water tank 5 provides a stable humid environment for the aerosols. The electric heating rod 19 with temperature sensor inside can adjust the water temperature according to the real-time monitoring data of the temperature control display device 20. The outer water tank insulation layer 22 effectively reduces heat loss, and the viewing window 21 allows the operator to observe the water status in real time. This path achieves targeted collection of PM2.5 bioaerosols through precise particle size sieving and the construction of a constant temperature and humidity environment, while avoiding aerosol activity changes caused by temperature and humidity fluctuations, and ensuring the stability of the sample in the initial stage of sampling.

[0039] Multi-stage screening and enrichment path: The airflow enters the virtual cutter 7 to complete the initial aerosol classification and screening, and then enters the condenser tube 6 for low-temperature pretreatment; the inner condenser tube 23 inside the condenser tube 6 is the aerosol airflow channel, and the outer condenser spiral tube 24 wrapped around its periphery forms a closed-loop condensation circuit with the condenser 15 in the auxiliary box 3 through the refrigerant circulation tube 25. The refrigerant delivered by the condenser 15 can quickly reduce the airflow temperature in the inner condenser tube 23, realize the initial coagulation of aerosols, and reduce the wall loss of aerosols during the transmission process; the airflow that has undergone condensation pretreatment enters the rotary flow sampler 8 inside the inner box frame 10. This component can precisely adjust the airflow rate according to the actual sampling needs to ensure that aerosols of different concentrations can achieve the best collection efficiency. Finally, the target aerosol is transported to the conical sampling bottle 9. The "smaller at the top and larger at the bottom" structure of the sampling bottle 9 can utilize Gravity promotes aerosol sedimentation and enrichment, significantly improving the enrichment efficiency of low-concentration bioaerosols. Excess gas generated during the enrichment process enters the drying tube 27 through the main gas outlet 11 on the side of the virtual cutter 7. After removing excess water vapor from the gas, it is extracted and discharged by the main gas vacuum pump 12. The high-flow-rate mass flow controller 26 next to the main gas vacuum pump 12 can accurately control the pumping flow rate in real time, which avoids aerosol escape caused by excessively fast gas flow rate and low collection efficiency caused by excessively slow flow rate. At the same time, the drying treatment of the drying tube 27 can also effectively protect the main gas vacuum pump 12 and extend the service life of the equipment. This path achieves efficient enrichment and quantitative collection of low-concentration bioaerosols through a multi-stage process of "gradual screening - low-temperature coagulation - precise flow control - gravity enrichment", significantly improving detection sensitivity and data accuracy.

[0040] After aerosol enrichment is completed, the concentrated gas flow pipe 28 (with built-in float flow meter 29) on the side of the sampling bottle 9 delivers the enriched aerosol to the concentrated gas flow vacuum pump 14 in the auxiliary box 3. The float flow meter 29 can monitor the concentrated gas flow rate in real time, which allows the operator to accurately control the concentration process and further increase the enrichment concentration of aerosol, providing a high-concentration sample basis for subsequent quantitative analysis and toxicity detection. Subsequently, the concentrated aerosol is introduced into the exposure tower 31 in the exposure device 4 through the exposure connector 32. The exposure tower 31 is a hollow cylindrical structure with flat surfaces distributed in an annular pattern on its outer side. The parallel sample plate 33 can hold multiple sets of cell samples to be tested, while the airflow tube 34 can evenly deliver aerosols to the cell surface of each parallel sample plate 33, enabling simultaneous exposure of multiple samples. The tray base 35 and support feet 36 ensure the structural stability of the exposure tower 31. This process directly connects aerosol enrichment with cytotoxicity detection, realizing an integrated closed loop of "collection-enrichment-toxicity assessment". It completely eliminates the cumbersome process of transferring samples to the laboratory in traditional technologies, significantly shortens the toxicity detection cycle, and can promptly provide feedback on the potential threats of bioaerosols to human health.

[0041] Overall, the device, through its collaborative design of dual-path differentiated acquisition, multi-level enrichment process, integrated toxicity detection, and compact integrated architecture, not only solves the problems of low enrichment efficiency and large data errors of traditional equipment, but also enables rapid assessment of bioaerosol hazards, while improving the mobility and safety of the equipment, providing full-process technical support for the accurate monitoring and risk control of low-concentration bioaerosols.

[0042] I. Comprehensive Analysis of Technical Solutions This device uses the main body 1 as its core carrier and, through the coordinated design of three major functional modules—enrichment box 2, auxiliary box 3, and exposure device 4—along with mobile and fixed auxiliary components, constructs an integrated bioaerosol monitoring system encompassing "collection-enrichment-toxicity detection." The functions and relationships of each module and core component are as follows: The enrichment box 2 of the main body 1 of the overall architecture and auxiliary support components is located on the left side of the auxiliary box 3. Both are equipped with steering brake wheels 37 at the four corners of their bottom, which can realize the flexible movement and fixed position of the device. Two sets of symmetrically distributed connecting fasteners 38 are set between the two boxes to ensure the structural connection is stable. At the same time, the flexible connection of pipelines between the boxes is completed through the telescopic channel pipe 39. The four corners of the top of the enrichment box 2 and the auxiliary box 3 are equipped with lifting rings 40 to meet the lifting and deployment requirements in large-scale scenarios. The overall architecture realizes the compact integration of functional modules, which greatly reduces the footprint and exposed wiring risks of traditional distributed equipment.

[0043] The dual-path collection and enrichment system of enrichment box 2: Enrichment box 2 is the core area for aerosol collection and enrichment. With the inner box frame 10 as the component integration carrier, it constructs two differentiated paths: PM2.5 specific collection and multi-level screening and enrichment. PM2.5 dedicated sampling path: The core components are a straight pipe 16, an impact-type PM2.5 cutter head 17, and a water tank 5. The input ends of the two straight pipes 16 are equipped with impact-type PM2.5 cutters 17, which can accurately sieve PM2.5 aerosol particles using the principle of inertial collision, removing large-sized invalid particles. The straight pipes 16 have a through-type structure, directly guiding the sieved airflow into the water tank 5. The water tank 5 is filled with water 18, and an electric heating rod 19 with a temperature sensor is installed on the right side of the interior. A temperature control display device 20 and a viewing window 21 are located on the front, and a water tank insulation layer 22 is installed on the outside. This allows for precise temperature control and real-time monitoring of the water, providing a stable sampling environment with constant temperature and humidity for PM2.5 aerosols.

[0044] Multi-stage screening and enrichment path: The core components are a virtual cutter 7, a condenser tube 6, a rotary flow sampler 8, a sampling bottle 9, and a main airflow outlet 11. External airflow first undergoes preliminary aerosol classification via the virtual cutter 7; then it enters the condenser tube 6, which has an inner condenser tube 23 inside and an outer condenser spiral tube 24 wrapped around its outer circumference. The two ends of the outer condenser spiral tube 24 are connected to the condenser 15 via refrigerant circulation pipes 25, enabling low-temperature pretreatment of the airflow and reducing aerosol wall loss. The pretreated airflow enters the rotary flow sampler 8 inside the inner casing 10, allowing for precise control of the sampling flow rate. Finally, the target aerosol is transported to the conical sampling bottle 9 for sedimentation and enrichment, and excess airflow is discharged through the main airflow outlet 11.

[0045] The auxiliary box 3 is a rectangular structure that provides power and temperature control support for the overall system. It is divided into high and low voltage component areas by partition 13. A main airflow vacuum pump 12 is installed below the partition 13, and a large flow mass flow controller 26 is equipped on its side. A drying tube 27 is installed at the input end. The drying tube 27 is connected to the main airflow outlet 11, which can accurately control the pumping flow and dry the airflow to prevent water vapor from damaging the equipment. A concentrated gas vacuum pump 14 is installed at the front end of the top of the partition 13, and a condenser 15 is installed at the rear end. The concentrated gas vacuum pump 14 is connected to the sampling bottle 9 through a concentrated gas pipe 28. The concentrated gas pipe 28 is filled with a float flow agent 29, which can realize secondary concentration of enriched aerosol and visualized monitoring of flow rate. The condenser 15 provides condensation power to the condenser tube 6 through a condenser circulation pipe 25, ensuring the temperature stability of the gas pretreatment.

[0046] The exposure device 4 consists of an exposure cabinet 30 and an exposure tower 31. The exposure tower 31 is installed inside the exposure cabinet 30 and has a hollow cylindrical structure. A tray base 35 is provided at the bottom of the exposure device 31, and multiple sets of annularly distributed support feet 36 are provided at the bottom of the tray base 35 to ensure structural stability. An exposure connector 32 is provided at the top of the exposure tower 31, which is connected to the output end of the concentrated gas flow vacuum pump 14 through a pipeline, so that the concentrated aerosol can be introduced into the tower. Multiple sets of annularly distributed parallel sample plates 33 and gas flow ducts 34 are provided on the outside of the tower, and all three are through-type structures. The gas flow ducts 34 can evenly disperse the aerosol to each parallel sample plate 33, realize the simultaneous exposure of multiple sets of cell samples, and complete the rapid toxicity detection of bioaerosols.

[0047] II. Implementation Technical Effects The collision-type PM2.5 cutting head 17, which combines precise grading and efficient enrichment, enables directional screening of PM2.5 aerosol particles. The virtual cutter 7 completes the initial grading of aerosols. The dual structure can meet the differentiated collection needs of aerosols with different particle sizes. The inner condenser tube 23, outer condenser spiral tube 24, and refrigerant circulation tube 25 of the condenser tube 6 form a closed-loop condensation circuit with the condenser 15, which can avoid aerosol deactivation caused by high temperature. The conical sampling bottle 9 uses the gravity effect to promote aerosol sedimentation. Combined with the secondary concentration of the concentrated gas flow vacuum pump 14 and the float flow agent 29, it greatly improves the enrichment efficiency of low-concentration bioaerosols and ensures the sensitivity and quantitative accuracy of monitoring data.

[0048] The water tank 5, equipped with an electric heating rod 19 with a temperature sensor, a temperature control display device 20, and a water tank insulation layer 22, forms a closed-loop temperature control system to maintain a constant temperature and humidity environment for sampling, preventing aerosol activity changes caused by temperature and humidity fluctuations. The main airflow vacuum pump 12 is equipped with a high-flow-rate mass flow controller 26, which can accurately regulate the airflow rate. The drying tube 27 can remove excess water vapor from the airflow, preventing aerosol escape or low collection efficiency, protecting the main airflow vacuum pump 12 and extending its service life. This effectively reduces the interference of external factors on the sampling results and improves the reliability and stability of the monitoring data.

[0049] The integrated detection and rapid risk assessment device directly connects the aerosol enrichment function of the enrichment box 2 with the toxicity detection function of the exposure device 4. The enriched aerosol is directly introduced into the exposure tower 31 through the exposure connector 32, and the simultaneous cell exposure of multiple parallel samples 33 is achieved through the airflow pore tube 34. There is no need to transfer laboratory samples, which completely breaks the cumbersome process of traditional detection, greatly shortens the toxicity detection cycle, and can promptly provide feedback on the potential threat of bioaerosols to human health, realizing rapid assessment of bioaerosol hazards.

[0050] The equipment's practicality and scenario adaptability are enhanced by the configuration of the steering brake wheel 37 and the lifting ring 40, enabling flexible deployment of the device in various scenarios such as laboratories, public places, and biosafety workshops. The connecting fixture 38 and the telescopic channel pipe 39 ensure the stability of the enclosure connection and the flexibility of pipeline connectivity. The compact integrated design not only reduces the equipment's footprint but also optimizes the internal wiring layout, reducing safety hazards and data deviations caused by human operation, providing full-process technical support for bioaerosol monitoring in multiple fields such as public health, environmental monitoring, and biosafety.

[0051] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device, characterized in that: The device includes a main body (1), which includes an enrichment box (2), an auxiliary box (3) and an exposure device (4), wherein the enrichment box (2) is located to the left of the auxiliary box (3); The enrichment box (2) is equipped with a water tank (5), a condenser (6), a virtual cutter (7), a rotary flow sampler (8), a sampling bottle (9), and an inner box frame (10). The water tank (5) is provided in a set and located below the inner box frame (10). The rotary flow sampler (8) is installed inside the inner box frame (10). The condenser (6) is provided in a set and the set of condenser (6) is installed on the top of the set of water tanks (5). The virtual cutter (7) is provided in a set and the set of virtual cutters (7) is installed on the top of the set of condenser (6). The set of virtual cutters (7) is located on the top of the inner box frame (10). The virtual cutter (7) has a main airflow outlet (11) on its side. The sampling bottle (9) is provided in a set and the set of sampling bottles (9) is installed on the top of the inner box frame (10). The set of sampling bottles (9) is connected to the set of virtual cutters (7) through pipes.

2. The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary box (3) is equipped with a main airflow vacuum pump (12), a partition (13), a concentrated airflow vacuum pump (14), and a condenser (15). The auxiliary box (3) has a rectangular structure. The main airflow vacuum pump (12) is located below the partition (13). The concentrated airflow vacuum pump (14) and the condenser (15) are both located on top of the partition (13). The concentrated airflow vacuum pump (14) is located in front of the condenser (15).

3. The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner box frame (10) is equipped with a straight pipe (16). There are two sets of straight pipes (16). The input ends of the two sets of straight pipes (16) are located at the top of the inner box frame (10). The top input ends of the two sets of straight pipes (16) are equipped with collision-type PM2.5 cutting heads (17). The bottom of the two sets of straight pipes (16) are respectively installed on the top of a water tank (5). The straight pipes (16) and the water tank (5) are both through-type structures.

4. The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank (5) has a rectangular structure and is filled with water (18). An electric heating rod (19) with a temperature sensor is installed on the right side of the water tank (5). A temperature control display device (20) and a viewing window (21) are respectively provided on the front side of the water tank (5). A water tank insulation layer (22) is provided on the outside of the water tank (5). The electric heating rod (19) with a temperature sensor is electrically connected to the temperature control display device (20).

5. The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The condenser tube (6) is provided with an inner condenser tube (23) inside. The outer circumference of the inner condenser tube (23) is wrapped with an outer condenser spiral tube (24). The two ends of the outer condenser spiral tube (24) are provided with refrigerant circulation tubes (25). The two ends of the outer condenser spiral tube (24) are connected to the condenser (15) through the refrigerant circulation tubes (25).

6. The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main airflow vacuum pump (12) is provided with a high flow rate mass flow controller (26) on its side. The high flow rate mass flow controller (26) is electrically connected to the main airflow vacuum pump (12). The input end of the main airflow vacuum pump (12) is provided with a drying tube (27). The input end of the main airflow vacuum pump (12) is connected to the main airflow outlet (11) through the drying tube (27).

7. The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling bottle (9) is provided with a concentrated gas flow tube (28) on its side. A float flow agent (29) is installed inside the concentrated gas flow tube (28). The outer end of the concentrated gas flow tube (28) is connected to a concentrated gas flow vacuum pump (14). The sampling bottle (9) has a conical structure. The upper diameter of the sampling bottle (9) is smaller than the lower diameter of the sampling bottle (9).

8. The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exposure device (4) includes an exposure cabinet (30) and an exposure tower (31). The exposure tower (31) is installed inside the exposure cabinet (30). The exposure tower (31) has a cylindrical structure and a hollow interior. The top of the exposure tower (31) is provided with an exposure connector (32). The exposure connector (32) is connected to the output end of the concentrated gas flow vacuum pump (14) through a pipe. The outer side of the exposure tower (31) is provided with several sets of parallel templates (33) and air flow pipes (34) distributed in a ring-shaped equidistant manner. The exposure tower (31), the parallel templates (33), and the air flow pipes (34) are all through-type structures. The bottom of the exposure tower (31) is provided with a tray base (35). The bottom of the tray base (35) is provided with several sets of support feet (36) distributed in a ring-shaped equidistant manner. The support feet (36) have a cylindrical structure.

9. The bioaerosol enrichment and exposure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Steering brake wheels (37) are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the enrichment box (2) and the auxiliary box (3). Two sets of symmetrically distributed connecting fasteners (38) are provided between the enrichment box (2) and the auxiliary box (3). Telescopic channel pipe (39) is provided between the enrichment box (2) and the auxiliary box (3). Lifting rings (40) are provided at the four corners of the top of the enrichment box (2) and the auxiliary box (3).

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