A double-sided artificial leather surface hardness testing device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of artificial leather production and testing equipment, specifically to a double-sided artificial leather surface hardness and softness testing device. When the head end of the leather material is conveyed into the clamping opening, the conveyor belt pauses and triggers the hardness testing unit to descend until one end of the horizontal plate pushes down one end of the clamping plate, causing the clamping plate to clamp the head end of the leather material downwards. The bottom end of the hardness testing unit abuts against the leather material for testing. After the test is completed, the hardness testing unit drives the clamping unit to move upwards until the hardness testing unit returns to its initial high position. The conveyor belt continues to convey the material, and the clamping unit slides down along the vertical frame. When the clamping unit reaches the bottom of the vertical frame, the clamping plate rotates and resets. The leather material released by the clamping plate is now facing upwards and continues to be conveyed along the conveyor belt. The head end of the leather material to be tested at the rear end is then conveyed into the clamping opening, triggering the hardness testing unit to descend and the same testing process described above. This completes the double-sided hardness and softness testing of each piece of leather material. The operation is simple and further improves production and testing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing equipment for artificial leather production, and in particular to a device for testing the surface hardness of double-sided artificial leather. Background Technology

[0002] Double-sided synthetic leather is a synthetic material with double-sided texture or characteristics. It typically employs a three-layer composite structure, including a surface layer, a middle base fabric layer or filling layer, and a bottom layer. For different types of products, customers have varying requirements regarding the softness and hardness of the synthetic leather. When the softness and hardness requirements are not high, the assessment is usually based on the subjective judgment of the leather's softness and hardness by touch, bending, and pressing, serving as a supplementary reference. However, when the softness and hardness requirements are higher, current technology typically utilizes testing equipment such as a Shore hardness tester. The indenter of the hardness tester is subjected to standard pressure... The hardness value is calculated based on the indentation depth by pressing into the material surface, thereby obtaining a quantitative and reliable hardness parameter. For example, a leather hardness testing device disclosed in Chinese patent document CN222353659U involves the tester extracting the leather material to be tested, manually placing the leather material into the testing fixture composed of a hardness tester for positioning, and then operating the hardness tester for testing. Especially for the hardness testing of double-sided artificial leather, which requires strict differentiation between the two sides, after testing the front side of the leather material, it is necessary to manually flip the leather material for positioning and then complete the testing of the back side of the leather material. The operation is cumbersome and the production testing efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a surface hardness and softness testing device for double-sided artificial leather, so as to solve the problems of cumbersome operation and low efficiency in the existing double-sided artificial leather hardness and softness testing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a device for detecting the surface hardness of double-sided artificial leather, comprising a conveyor belt for sequentially conveying leather materials: Two sets of hardness detection sections are arranged at intervals above the conveyor belt along its conveying direction. The bottom end of one set of hardness detection sections is connected to a horizontal plate, and a horizontal plug is elastically inserted into one end of the horizontal plate. When the hardness detection section is in the initial high position, the horizontal plug elastically retracts into the horizontal plate. A vertical frame is provided between the two sets of hardness testing sections. A clamping section is slidably connected to the vertical frame. A clamping opening is opened on one side of the clamping section. A clamping plate is rotatably connected inside the clamping opening. One end of the clamping plate extends outward from the clamping opening. When the head end of the leather material is fed into the clamping opening, the conveyor belt stops conveying and triggers the hardness testing section to descend until one end of the horizontal plate pushes down one end of the clamping plate, so that the clamping plate clamps the head end of the leather material downward. At the same time, the horizontal insert pops out towards the clamping opening. The bottom end of the hardness testing section abuts against the leather material for testing. After the test is completed, the hardness testing section rises and resets. The horizontal insert abuts against the inside of the clamping opening and drives the clamping section to move upward until the hardness testing section resets to its initial high position. The conveyor belt continues to convey, and the clamping section slides down along the vertical frame. When the clamping section reaches the bottom of the vertical frame, the clamping plate rotates and resets. The leather material released by the clamping plate is now facing up and continues to be conveyed along the conveyor belt.

[0005] Preferably, the hardness testing unit includes at least one hardness tester, and the hardness testers are connected to each other via a connecting frame.

[0006] Preferably, the clamping part is a long strip structure parallel to the width direction of the conveyor belt, and the clamping part has vertical holes at both ends along its length direction. The vertical frame includes guide rods that pass through the holes vertically.

[0007] Preferably, the inner bottom wall of the clamping part is designed in a sloping shape. When the clamping part slides onto the conveyor belt, the bottom end of the sloping part abuts against the conveyor belt and faces the head end of the leather material.

[0008] Preferably, the horizontal insert is a long strip structure parallel to the width direction of the conveyor belt. The bottom end of the horizontal insert is designed with an inclined end face. When one end of the horizontal plate descends to one side of the clamping part, one side of the clamping part pushes against the inclined end face of the horizontal insert so that the horizontal insert retracts into the horizontal plate until one end of the horizontal plate pushes one end of the clamping plate downward, and the horizontal insert pops out toward the clamping opening.

[0009] Preferably, a positioning rod is horizontally connected to the top of the vertical frame, and a vertical connecting rod is connected to the top of the horizontal insert. The vertical connecting rod extends upward through the horizontal plate and is connected to a positioning block. One side of the top of the positioning block is designed with an inclined end face. When the hardness detection part rises to the initial high position, one end of the positioning rod pushes against the inclined end face of the positioning block, causing the vertical connecting rod to move laterally, so that the horizontal insert elastically retracts into the horizontal plate.

[0010] Preferably, the clamp is a long strip structure parallel to the width direction of the conveyor belt, and the bottom end of the clamp is connected to an anti-slip pad.

[0011] Preferably, a damping frame is provided parallel to the side of the vertical frame, so that when the clamping part slides down along the vertical frame, the damping frame slows down the sliding speed of the clamping part.

[0012] Preferably, the other end of the clamping plate is rotatably connected to the clamping opening via a rotating shaft. The end of the rotating shaft extends out of the clamping part and is connected to a ratchet. A limit rod is rotatably connected to the outside of the clamping part. One end of the limit rod is connected to an elastic telescopic column. The top side of the elastic telescopic column extending into the ratchet tooth groove is designed with an inclined end face to limit the unidirectional rotation of the ratchet. A horizontal baffle is rotatably connected to the bottom of the damping frame. When the clamping part moves upward, it drives the limit rod to move upward synchronously and pushes the horizontal baffle to rotate upward in one direction. When the clamping part slides down to the bottom of the vertical frame, it pushes the limit rod upward through the horizontal baffle. The limit rod rotates and drives the top of the elastic telescopic column to move out of the ratchet tooth groove, so that the clamping plate rotates and resets.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: After the cut artificial leather material is conveyed sequentially along the conveyor belt, when the head end of the material enters the clamping opening, the conveyor belt pauses and triggers the hardness detection unit to descend until one end of the horizontal plate pushes down one end of the clamping plate, causing the clamping plate to clamp the head end of the leather material. Simultaneously, the horizontal insert pops out towards the clamping opening, and the bottom end of the hardness detection unit abuts against the material for detection. After detection, the hardness detection unit rises and resets, abutting against the inside of the clamping opening through the horizontal insert and driving the clamping part upwards until the hardness detection unit returns to its initial high position. The conveyor belt then continues conveying, and the clamping part slides down along the vertical frame, with the clamping bottom resting on the vertical frame. When the material is at the bottom of the frame, the clamping plate rotates and resets, and the leather material released by the clamping plate faces upwards and continues to be conveyed along the conveyor belt until the clamping part falls completely onto the conveyor belt. The head end of the leather material to be tested at the rear end is then conveyed into the clamping opening, triggering the descent of the hardness detection part and the same detection process as above. That is, the front side of the leather material conveyed into the clamping opening is tested, and the back side of the adjacent front side of the leather material is tested. This completes the double-sided softness and hardness test of each piece of leather material. The operation is simple and does not require batch extraction of the leather material to be tested from the original production line and manual positioning, flipping and testing. The operation is simple and can further improve the efficiency of batch production and testing. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hardness detection unit of the present invention during descent; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet, limiting rod, and elastic telescopic column of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when one end of the horizontal plate of the present invention pushes one end of the clamping plate downward; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the limiting rod moves upward with the clamping part and pushes the horizontal baffle to rotate upward in one direction; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hardness detection unit of the present invention when it rises and resets to its initial high position. Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping part of the present invention when it slides down along the vertical frame; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping part of the present invention when it slides down to the bottom of the vertical frame; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 Enlarged diagram of point E in the middle.

[0016] The diagram is marked as follows: 100. Leather material; 1. Conveyor belt; 2. Hardness testing unit; 3. Horizontal plate; 4. Horizontal insert; 5. Vertical frame; 6. Clamping part; 60. Clamping opening; 61. Perforation; 7. Clamping plate; 70. Anti-slip pad; 8. Connecting frame; 9. Base plate; 10. Magnetic plate; 11. Positioning rod; 12. Vertical connecting rod; 13. Positioning block; 14. Damping frame; 15. Ratchet; 16. Limiting rod; 17. Elastic telescopic column; 18. Horizontal baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a double-sided artificial leather surface hardness testing device includes a conveyor belt 1 for sequentially conveying leather material 100. Two sets of hardness testing sections 2 are spaced apart above the conveyor belt 1 along its conveying direction. A horizontal plate 3 is connected to the bottom end of one set of hardness testing sections 2, and a horizontal insert 4 is elastically inserted into one end of the horizontal plate 3. When the hardness testing section 2 is in its initial high position, the horizontal insert 4 elastically retracts into the horizontal plate 3. A vertical frame 5 is provided between the two sets of hardness testing sections 2, and a clamping part 6 is slidably connected to the vertical frame 5. A clamping opening 60 is opened on one side of the clamping part 6, and a clamping plate 7 is rotatably connected inside the clamping opening 60. One end of the clamping plate 7 extends outward from the clamping opening 60, and the head end of the leather material 100 is fed into the clamping opening 60. At this time, the conveyor belt 1 pauses conveying and triggers the hardness detection unit 2 to descend until one end of the horizontal plate 3 pushes one end of the clamping plate 7 downward, so that the clamping plate 7 clamps the head end of the leather material 100 downward. At the same time, the horizontal insert 4 pops out towards the clamping opening 60. The bottom end of the hardness detection unit 2 abuts against the leather material 100 for detection. After the detection is completed, the hardness detection unit 2 rises and resets. It abuts against the inside of the clamping opening 60 through the horizontal insert 4 and drives the clamping part 6 to move upward until the hardness detection unit 2 resets to the initial high position. The conveyor belt 1 continues to convey, and the clamping part 6 slides down along the vertical frame 5. When the clamping part 6 falls to the bottom of the vertical frame 5, the clamping plate 7 rotates and resets. The leather material 100 released by the clamping plate 7 is now facing upward and continues to be conveyed along the conveyor belt 1.

[0020] This invention is based on the existing conventional production and testing process of double-sided artificial leather. In the later stages of artificial leather production, for different products such as bags, automotive interiors, sofas, and tablecloths, the artificial leather needs to be cut to specific shapes and sizes. The cut artificial leather material 100 is conveyed sequentially along conveyor belt 1 and undergoes double-sided testing for texture, appearance defects, hardness, and organic matter volatilization. To address this, two sets of hardness testing units 2 are arranged at intervals above the conveyor belt 1 along its conveying direction. Each set of hardness testing units 2 includes at least one hardness meter, and the hardness meters are connected to each other via a connecting frame 8. Specifically, each set of hardness testing units 2 may include multiple hardness testers. The hardness testers may be conventional devices such as Shore hardness testers, used to perform multi-point testing on the surface of the leather material 100. The top of each hardness tester is connected to the connecting frame 8. The outside of the connecting frame 8 is connected to lifting devices such as lifting cylinders and lifting robotic arms, which drive the connecting frame 8 and the two sets of hardness testing units 2 to lift synchronously. Preferably, each set of hardness testing units 2 may also include conventional devices such as cameras, used to detect appearance defects on the surface of the leather material 100, such as scratches, marks, obvious abnormal textures, and obvious abnormal stitching. One set of hardness testing units 2 has a horizontal plate 3 connected to its bottom end. One end of the horizontal plate 3 is elastically inserted with a horizontal insert 4. The hardness testing unit 2 is in its initial high position state, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the horizontal insert 4 elastically retracts into the horizontal plate 3. A vertical frame 5 is provided between the two sets of hardness detection sections 2. Specifically, a fixed upright can be provided on the side of the conveyor belt 1, and the top of the vertical frame 5 is fixedly connected to the fixed upright, so that the vertical frame 5 is positioned above the conveyor belt 1 without interfering with the conveying of the conveyor belt 1. A clamping part 6 is slidably connected on the vertical frame 5. Specifically, the clamping part 6 is a long strip structure parallel to the width direction of the conveyor belt 1. The clamping part 6 has vertically opened through holes 61 at both ends along its length direction. The vertical frame 5 includes a guide rod that passes vertically through the through holes 61. Preferably, ball bearings are rotatably connected to both sides of the through holes 61 in the clamping part 6. The ball bearings abut against the outside of the guide rod to achieve efficient sliding of the clamping part 6 along the vertical frame 5. A clamping opening 60 is opened on one side of the clamping part 6. A clamping plate 7 is rotatably connected in the clamping opening 60. One end of the clamping plate 7 extends outward from the clamping opening 60. When the head end of the leather material 100 is fed into the clamping opening 60, as Figure 1 As shown, the conveyor belt 1 pauses conveying and triggers the hardness detection unit 2 to descend until one end of the horizontal plate 3 pushes one end of the clamping plate 7 downwards, as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the clamping plate 7 clamps the head end of the leather material 100 downwards, while the horizontal insert 4 pops out towards the clamping opening 60. The bottom end of the hardness detection unit 2 abuts against the leather material 100 for testing. Using conventional testing equipment such as a Shore hardness tester, the indenter of the hardness tester is pressed into the surface of the leather material 100 under standard pressure. The hardness value is calculated based on the indentation depth, thus obtaining a quantitative and reliable hardness parameter. After the test is completed, the hardness detection unit 2 begins to rise and reset. Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal insert 4 abuts against the inside of the clamping opening 60 and drives the clamping part 6 to move upward until the hardness detection part 2 returns to its initial high position. Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, at this time, the leather material 100, having completed the frontal inspection, is vertically lifted, with the bottom end of the leather material 100 completely detached from the conveyor belt 1, or only a very short section touching the conveyor belt 1. At this point, the conveyor belt 1 continues to transport the leather. Simultaneously, due to the elastic retraction of the horizontal insert 4 within the horizontal plate 3, the clamping part 6 loses the restraint of the horizontal insert 4 and slides freely down the vertical frame 5, as shown. Figure 11 As shown, the bottom end of the leather material 100 begins to move forward along the conveyor belt 1. When the clamping part 6 falls to the bottom of the vertical frame 5, as... Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the clamping plate 7 rotates and resets, allowing the leather material 100 released by the clamping plate 7 to be in a reverse-facing state, and continues to be conveyed along the conveyor belt 1 until the clamping part 6 completely falls onto the conveyor belt 1. The rear end of the leather material 100 to be inspected is then conveyed into the clamping opening 60, as shown. Figure 1 As shown, the trigger hardness detection unit 2 descends and performs the same detection process as described above, that is, the front of the leather material 100 fed into the clamping port 60 is detected, and the back of the adjacent front leather material 100 is detected. This completes the double-sided hardness and softness detection of each leather material 100, as well as more double-sided detection such as texture / appearance defects / organic volatiles. The operation is simple and does not require batch extraction of the leather material 100 to be tested from the original production line and manual positioning, flipping and testing. The operation is simple and can further improve the efficiency of batch production and testing.

[0021] The clamping port 60 and the top of the vertical frame 5 can be equipped with conventional devices such as position sensors. The position sensors are electrically connected to the drive device of the conveyor belt 1 and the lifting device of the connecting frame 8. When the leather material 100 is fed into the clamping port 60, the position sensor detects it and triggers the conveyor belt 1 to stop conveying and triggers the lifting device to drive the hardness detection unit 2 to descend. When the hardness detection unit 2 returns to the initial high position, the position sensor detects it and triggers the conveyor belt 1 to continue conveying.

[0022] This invention replaces the lifting function of the rocker arm of a traditional hardness tester with a lifting device, which drives the pressure needle of the hardness tester to press against the surface of the leather material 100. After a predetermined testing time, the lifting device can then drive the hardness testing unit 2 to rise and reset, completing the automatic lifting and testing process.

[0023] Multiple base plates 9 can be attached to the lower surface of the conveyor belt 1. The base plates 9 are located below each hardness tester. During testing, the indenter of each hardness tester presses against the leather material 100 at a position above the base plate 9, which plays a role in stabilizing and supporting the test.

[0024] In embodiments of the present invention, optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the inner bottom wall of the clamping part 6 is designed in a sloping shape. When the clamping part 6 slides onto the conveyor belt 1, the bottom end of the sloping part 6 abuts against the conveyor belt 1 and faces the head end of the leather material 100, so that the head end of the leather material 100 can better enter the clamping opening 60 along the sloping surface.

[0025] Even better, the bottom surface of the clamping part 6 may be embedded with a metal block or metal layer, and a magnetic plate 10 may be provided near the lower surface of the conveyor belt 1. The magnetic plate 10 may be made of a conventional permanent magnetic material with reasonable magnetism. When the clamping part 6 slides onto the conveyor belt 1, the bottom surface of the clamping part 6 is attracted by the magnetic plate 10, so that the head end of the leather material 100 can better enter the clamping opening 60 along the slope. At the same time, in order to reduce the friction between the bottom surface of the clamping part 6 and the conveyor belt 1, the bottom surface of the conveyor belt 1 may be designed in an arched shape.

[0026] In embodiments of the present invention, optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The horizontal insert 4 shown is a long strip structure parallel to the width direction of the conveyor belt 1. The bottom end of the horizontal insert 4 is designed with an inclined end face. Specifically, a slot is opened on one side of the horizontal plate 3. The long strip horizontal insert 4 is inserted into the slot, and an elastic component such as a spring is connected between the horizontal plate 3 and the slot to eject the horizontal insert 4 outward. When one end of the horizontal plate 3 descends to one side of the clamping part 6, one side of the clamping part 6 pushes against the inclined end face of the horizontal insert 4, so that the horizontal insert 4 retracts into the horizontal plate 3, until one end of the horizontal plate 3 pushes down one end of the clamping plate 7, such as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal insert 4 pops out into the clamping opening 60.

[0027] In embodiments of the present invention, optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, a positioning rod 11 is horizontally connected to the top of the vertical frame 5, and a vertical connecting rod 12 is connected to the top of the horizontal insert 4. The vertical connecting rod 12 extends upward through the horizontal plate 3 and is connected to a positioning block 13. One side of the top of the positioning block 13 is designed with an inclined end face. Specifically, a horizontal groove is opened at the top of one end of the horizontal plate 3, and the vertical connecting rod 12 extends upward through the horizontal plate 3 along the horizontal groove. One end of the positioning rod 11 can also be rotatably connected to a roller. When the hardness detection unit 2 rises to the initial high position, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, the roller at one end of the positioning rod 11 pushes against the inclined end face of the positioning block 13, causing the vertical connecting rod 12 to move laterally along the horizontal groove, so that the horizontal insert 4 elastically retracts into the horizontal plate 3.

[0028] In embodiments of the present invention, optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the clamping plate 7 is a long strip structure parallel to the width direction of the conveyor belt 1. The bottom end of the clamping plate 7 is connected to an anti-slip pad 70. When the clamping plate 7 rotates downward, the anti-slip pad 70 presses against and clamps the head end of the leather material 100. The anti-slip pad 70 can be made of conventional elastic anti-slip materials such as rubber. More preferably, the bottom surface of the anti-slip pad 70 can be roughened to further facilitate the stable clamping of the head end of the leather material 100.

[0029] In embodiments of the present invention, optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a damping frame 14 is provided parallel to the side of the vertical frame 5. Similarly, the top of the damping frame 14 can be fixedly connected to the fixed frame on the side of the conveyor belt 1, so that the damping frame 14 is installed above the conveyor belt 1 and does not interfere with the conveying of the conveyor belt 1. The surface of the damping frame 14 can also be made of a magnetic layer using a conventional permanent magnetic material with reasonable magnetism. When the clamping part 6 slides down along the vertical frame 5, the damping frame 14 abuts against or approaches the clamping part 6. Thus, the magnetic attraction of the damping frame 14 on the bottom surface of the clamping part 6 slows down the sliding speed of the clamping part 6, so that the sliding speed of the clamping part 6 is adapted to the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 1, so that the leather material 100 sliding down can continue to be conveyed along the conveyor belt 1 with its back side facing up. Alternatively, a specific rough texture and a specific texture direction can be adopted on the side of the damping frame 14 facing the clamping part 6, so that when the clamping part 6 slides upward against the side of the damping frame 14, the friction between it and the side of the damping frame 14 is small, while when the clamping part 6 slides downward against the side of the damping frame 14, the friction between it and the side of the damping frame 14 is large, thereby slowing down the sliding speed of the clamping part 6.

[0030] In embodiments of the present invention, optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the other end of the clamping plate 7 is rotatably connected to the clamping opening 60 via a rotating shaft. The end of the rotating shaft extends out of the clamping part 6 and is connected to a ratchet 15. Specifically, an elastic component such as a torsion spring can also be connected between the rotating shaft and the clamping part 6 to drive the clamping plate 7 to rotate upward and reset. A limit rod 16 is rotatably connected to the outside of the clamping part 6, and an elastic component such as a torsion spring can also be provided at the rotatable connection to drive the limit rod 16 to rotate to the initial horizontal state. One end of the limit rod 16 is vertically connected to an elastic telescopic column 17. The elastic telescopic column 17 is similar to existing conventional structures such as elastic telescopic rods. The top end of the elastic telescopic column 17 that extends into the tooth groove of the ratchet 15 is designed with an inclined end face to limit the unidirectional rotation of the ratchet 15. Thus, the top end of the elastic telescopic column 17 acts like a pawl in existing ratchet mechanisms, thereby pushing one end of the horizontal plate 3 downward to one end of the clamping plate 7, as shown. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the clamping plate 7 rotates downward in one direction and keeps the end of the leather material 100 clamped; The bottom end of the damping frame 14 is rotatably connected to a horizontal baffle 18. Specifically, unidirectional rotation can be achieved at the rotatable connection using conventional structures such as unidirectional hinges or unidirectional latches. When the clamping part 6 moves upward, as... Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the limiting rod 16 moves upward synchronously and pushes the horizontal baffle 18 to rotate upward in one direction. When the clamping part 6 slides down to the bottom of the vertical frame 5, as... Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the limit rod 16 is pushed upward by the horizontal baffle 18, the limit rod 16 rotates, and the top of the elastic telescopic column 17 moves out of the tooth groove of the ratchet 15. At this time, the ratchet 15 loses the limiting effect of the elastic telescopic column 17 and can rotate freely, so that the clamping plate 7 can rotate and reset until the limit rod 16 moves away from the horizontal baffle 18 and rotates back to reset, and the top of the elastic telescopic column 17 re-extends into the tooth groove of the ratchet 15 for limiting.

[0031] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention is limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

Claims

1. A device for testing the surface hardness of double-sided artificial leather, comprising a conveyor belt (1) for sequentially conveying leather materials (100), characterized in that: Two sets of hardness detection sections (2) are arranged at intervals above the conveyor belt (1) along its conveying direction. One set of hardness detection sections (2) is connected to a horizontal plate (3) at its bottom end. A horizontal plug (4) is elastically inserted into one end of the horizontal plate (3). When the hardness detection section (2) is in the initial high position, the horizontal plug (4) elastically retracts into the horizontal plate (3). A vertical frame (5) is provided between the two sets of hardness testing units (2). A clamping part (6) is slidably connected to the vertical frame (5). A clamping opening (60) is provided on one side of the clamping part (6). A clamping plate (7) is rotatably connected inside the clamping opening (60). One end of the clamping plate (7) extends outward from the clamping opening (60). When the head end of the leather material (100) is fed into the clamping opening (60), the conveyor belt (1) stops conveying and triggers the hardness testing unit (2) to descend until one end of the horizontal plate (3) pushes one end of the clamping plate (7) downward, so that the clamping plate (7) clamps the head end of the leather material (100) downward. At the same time, the horizontal insert (4) The hardness detection part (2) pops out towards the clamping opening (60), and the bottom end of the hardness detection part (2) abuts against the leather material (100) for detection. After the detection is completed, the hardness detection part (2) rises and resets, and abuts against the inside of the clamping opening (60) through the horizontal plug (4) and drives the clamping part (6) to move up until the hardness detection part (2) is reset to the initial high position. The conveyor belt (1) continues to convey, and the clamping part (6) slides down along the vertical frame (5). When the clamping part (6) falls to the bottom of the vertical frame (5), the clamping plate (7) rotates and resets. The leather material (100) released by the clamping plate (7) is facing up and continues to be conveyed along the conveyor belt (1).

2. The device for detecting the softness and hardness of a double-sided artificial leather surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hardness testing unit (2) includes at least one hardness tester, and the hardness testers are connected to each other by a connecting frame (8).

3. The double-sided artificial leather surface hardness and softness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping part (6) is a long strip structure parallel to the width direction of the conveyor belt (1). The clamping part (6) has vertical holes (61) at both ends along its length direction. The vertical frame (5) includes a guide rod that passes through the holes (61) vertically.

4. The double-sided artificial leather surface hardness and softness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner bottom wall of the clamping part (6) is designed in a sloping shape. When the clamping part (6) slides onto the conveyor belt (1), the bottom end of the sloping part (6) abuts against the conveyor belt and faces the head end of the leather material (100).

5. The double-sided artificial leather surface hardness and softness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal insert (4) is a long strip structure parallel to the width direction of the conveyor belt (1). The bottom end of the horizontal insert (4) is designed with an inclined end face. When one end of the horizontal plate (3) descends to one side of the clamping part (6), one side of the clamping part (6) pushes against the inclined end face of the horizontal insert (4) so ​​that the horizontal insert (4) retracts into the horizontal plate (3) until one end of the horizontal plate (3) pushes down one end of the clamping plate (7) and the horizontal insert (4) pops out toward the clamping opening (60).

6. The double-sided artificial leather surface hardness and softness testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the vertical frame (5) is horizontally connected to a positioning rod (11), and the top of the horizontal insert (4) is connected to a vertical connecting rod (12). The vertical connecting rod (12) extends upward through the horizontal plate (3) and is connected to a positioning block (13). One side of the top of the positioning block (13) is designed with an inclined end face. When the hardness detection part (2) rises to the initial high position, one end of the positioning rod (11) pushes against the inclined end face of the positioning block (13), causing the vertical connecting rod (12) to move laterally, so that the horizontal insert (4) elastically retracts into the horizontal plate (3).

7. The double-sided artificial leather surface hardness and softness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp (7) is a long strip structure parallel to the width direction of the conveyor belt (1), and the bottom end of the clamp (7) is connected to an anti-slip pad (70).

8. The device for detecting the surface hardness and softness of double-sided artificial leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, A damping frame (14) is provided parallel to the side of the vertical frame (5). When the clamping part (6) slides down along the vertical frame (5), the damping frame (14) slows down the sliding speed of the clamping part (6).

9. The double-sided artificial leather surface hardness and softness testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The other end of the clamping plate (7) is rotatably connected to the clamping opening (60) via a rotating shaft. The end of the rotating shaft extends out of the clamping part (6) and is connected to a ratchet (15). A limit rod (16) is rotatably connected to the outside of the clamping part (6). One end of the limit rod (16) is connected to an elastic telescopic column (17). The top side of the elastic telescopic column (17) extending into the tooth groove of the ratchet (15) is designed with an inclined end face to limit the unidirectional rotation of the ratchet (15). Damping frame (14) has a horizontal baffle (18) that rotates unidirectionally at the bottom. When the clamping part (6) moves upward, it drives the limiting rod (16) to move upward synchronously and pushes the horizontal baffle (18) to rotate upward unidirectionally. When the clamping part (6) slides down to the bottom of the vertical frame (5), it pushes the limiting rod (16) upward through the horizontal baffle (18). The limiting rod (16) rotates and drives the top of the elastic telescopic column (17) to move out of the ratchet (15) tooth groove so that the clamping plate (7) rotates and resets.

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