A new material PCB appearance defect detection equipment
By combining components such as the conversion rod, placement plate, clamping plate, and air nozzle, the problems of PCB board detection conversion and impurity removal of different sizes are solved, achieving high-precision PCB board defect detection.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MCCHONGDIWEI (HUIZHOU) ELECTRONICS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
Smart Images

Figure CN122171552A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of PCB board appearance inspection technology, and more specifically, to a new material PCB board appearance defect inspection device. Background Technology
[0002] PCB, or Printed Circuit Board, is an important electronic component. It serves as the support for electronic components and the carrier for their electrical interconnection. During the PCB production process, in order to ensure the quality of the PCB, each PCB needs to be inspected for its appearance, dimensions, and surface defects.
[0003] In the prior art, a PCB component appearance defect detection device with publication number CN221926166U relates to the field of PCB component defect detection technology. This utility model includes a housing, with a baffle and a scale plate fixedly connected to the top of the housing. Inside the baffle, a first conveyor seat and an alignment assembly are arranged. The alignment assembly includes a second conveyor seat, with a measuring block and a slider fixedly connected to its bottom. The first and second conveyor seats are symmetrically arranged. This utility model, by setting up the alignment assembly, specifically by releasing the second conveyor seat and pushing it forward or backward to adjust it to a suitable size, can accommodate PCB components of different sizes. The baffle positions the PCB components on the conveyor belt, ensuring automatic alignment after placement, preventing misalignment, improving image acquisition, and making the detection more accurate.
[0004] However, while existing PCB board defect detection devices can perform good surface inspections on PCB boards, they often use a single fixed station to detect surface defects on PCB boards of a fixed size. This results in low adaptability for switching between different PCB board sizes using a single device. Furthermore, when switching between different PCB board sizes, the pre-blowing and cleaning of adsorbed impurities on the PCB board surface is inadequate, easily affecting the clarity of defect detection and reducing the accuracy of the PCB board surface defect detection data. This does not meet user needs. Therefore, we propose a new material PCB board appearance defect detection device. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background, this invention provides a novel material PCB board appearance defect detection device. This device solves the problems mentioned in the background art, which often detects surface defects of PCB boards of fixed size through a single fixed station. However, the device is not highly adaptable to different sizes of PCB boards and is not effective at pre-blowing and cleaning impurities adsorbed on the PCB board surface when switching between different sizes of PCB boards.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A new type of PCB board appearance defect detection device includes a main body, a conversion rod rotatably connected to the top of the main body, a placement plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conversion rod, a detection table fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main body, a feeding table on one side of the detection table, a replenishing table on one side of the feeding table, a cleaning table on one side of the replenishing table, a first air nozzle on the outer wall of the replenishing table, and a second air nozzle on the outer wall of the cleaning table. A clamping plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the placement plate, and a protective pad is provided on the outer wall of the clamping plate. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the main body of the device and fixedly connected to the bottom of the conversion rod. A ratchet is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A pawl located on one side of the ratchet is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the main body of the device. A spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pawl and rotatably connected to the outer wall of the main body of the device. The outer wall of the main body of the device is slidably connected to a lifting frame located above the inspection table. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the outer wall of the lifting frame, and a sliding block is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod. A CCD image acquisition device is located at the bottom of the sliding block, directly above the placement plate. Through the coordinated use of the conversion rod, placement plate, clamping plate, first air nozzle, and second air nozzle, when inspecting PCB boards for surface defects, PCB boards of different widths can be placed on the placement plate surrounding the conversion rod. The spacing between the clamping plates is adjusted according to the width of the PCB board. Simultaneously, during the inspection... When the conversion rod is driven intermittently, the gas sprayed from the first and second air nozzles cleans the PCB surface to be inspected on the feeding stage and cleaning stage, preventing impurities from being adsorbed and affecting the defect detection accuracy. Through the cooperation of the rotating shaft, ratchet, and pawl, when switching between different sizes of PCBs on the placement board for inspection by driving the conversion rod, the ratchet and pawl lock in place after rotation, preventing the conversion rod from rotating back after long-term wear of the rotating shaft, thereby improving the accuracy of the PCB on the placement board moving under the CCD image acquisition unit.
[0007] Preferably, the outer wall contour of the conversion rod is cross-shaped, four sets of placement plates are provided, and the positions of the four sets of placement plates are distributed around the conversion rod. Two sets of clamping plates are provided, and the positions of the two sets of clamping plates are symmetrical about the central axis of the placement plates. The overall material of the protective pad is soft silicone.
[0008] Preferably, the top of the main body of the device is fixedly connected to an electric push rod that is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting frame, the top of the lifting frame is fixedly connected to a limiting rod that is slidably connected to the top of the main body of the device, the outer wall of the lifting frame is provided with a third motor, the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to a second threaded rod that is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod, the outer wall of the sliding rod is provided with a fourth motor, the output end of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to a third threaded rod that is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding block.
[0009] Preferably, the motion trajectory of the CCD image acquisition device is cross-shaped, and the motion trajectory of the CCD image acquisition device is larger than the outer wall contour of the placement plate.
[0010] Preferably, a first motor is provided at the bottom of the main body of the device, a first gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, and a second gear is meshed with the outer wall of the first gear and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft.
[0011] Preferably, a bevel gear set is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a fixed cylinder is provided at the bottom of the main body of the device, a rotating fan blade located inside the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bevel gear set, and an air supply pipe fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first air nozzle is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed cylinder.
[0012] Preferably, a second motor is provided at the bottom of the conversion rod, and a first threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor. A threaded slide rod that is slidably connected to the bottom of the conversion rod is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded rod, and a pull rod that is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the clamping plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the threaded slide rod.
[0013] Preferably, the pull rod is provided in two sets, and the positions of the two sets of pull rods are symmetrical about the central axis of the threaded slide rod.
[0014] Preferably, a fixing groove is provided at the connection between the bottom of the conversion rod and the threaded slide rod, and a sliding groove is provided at the connection between the outer wall of the placement plate and the clamping plate.
[0015] Preferably, the pull rod and the placement plate are configured in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second motor is controlled by a PLC controller.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention, through the combined use of a conversion rod, a placement plate, a clamping plate, a first air nozzle, and a second air nozzle, enables the detection of defects in the appearance of PCB boards by placing PCB boards of different widths on the placement plate arranged around the conversion rod. The spacing between the clamping plates is adjusted according to the width of the PCB board. At the same time, when the conversion rod is intermittently driven, the gas sprayed from the first and second air nozzles blows and cleans the surface of the PCB to be detected on the replenishment table and the cleaning table, preventing impurities from being adsorbed and affecting the accuracy of defect detection.
[0017] 2. This invention, through the combined use of a rotating shaft, ratchet, and pawl, enables the switching detection of PCBs of different sizes on the placement plate driven by the conversion rod. The ratchet and pawl engage and fix the PCBs after rotation, preventing wear on the rotating shaft due to prolonged driving and reducing the possibility of the conversion rod rotating backward. This improves the accuracy of the PCBs on the placement plate moving below the CCD image acquisition device.
[0018] 3. By using a rotating shaft, rotating fan blades, and air supply pipe in combination, this invention enables the rotating shaft to rotate intermittently while the gear drives the rotating shaft to drive the conversion rod. The rotating shaft and the bevel gear set work together to make the rotating fan blades rotate and deliver the generated gas to the air nozzle for purging. This allows for the simultaneous purging and cleaning of impurities on the surface of the PCB board to be inspected, thereby improving the accuracy of defect detection on the PCB board within the inspection area.
[0019] 4. This invention, through the combined use of a threaded slide rod, a pull rod, a clamping plate, and a sliding groove, enables the clamping plate to slide along the inner wall of the sliding groove after different sized PCBs are placed on the placement plate for switching and testing. This is achieved by driving the threaded slide rod to slide and the pull rod to rotate, thereby adjusting the spacing between the clamping plates and achieving the effect of adjusting and fixing PCBs of different sizes. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating shaft and the bevel gear set of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating fan blade position distribution structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection position distribution between the rotating shaft and the ratchet in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet and pawl position distribution structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the threaded slide bar and the pull rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the clamping plate and the placement plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the positional distribution structure of the sliding rod and sliding block of the present invention.
[0021] The labels in the attached diagram are: 1. Main body of the device; 2. Conversion rod; 3. Placement plate; 4. First air nozzle; 5. Second air nozzle; 6. Clamping plate; 7. Protective pad; 8. Rotating shaft; 9. Ratchet; 10. Pawl; 11. Spring; 12. Detection table; 13. Unloading table; 14. Replenishment table; 15. Cleaning table; 16. Lifting frame; 17. Sliding rod; 18. Sliding block; 19. CCD image acquisition device; 20. First motor; 21. First gear; 22. Second gear; 23. Bevel gear set; 24. Fixed cylinder; 25. Rotating fan blade; 26. Air supply pipe; 27. Second motor; 28. First threaded rod; 29. Threaded sliding rod; 30. Fixed groove; 31. Pulling rod; 32. Slide groove; 33. Electric push rod; 34. Limiting rod; 35. Third motor; 36. Second threaded rod; 37. Fourth motor; 38. Third threaded rod. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below. Example
[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment provides a new material PCB board appearance defect detection device, including a device body 1, a conversion rod 2 rotatably connected to the top of the device body 1, a placement plate 3 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conversion rod 2, a detection table 12 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the device body 1, a feeding table 13 provided on one side of the detection table 12, a replenishing table 14 provided on one side of the feeding table 13, a cleaning table 15 provided on one side of the replenishing table 14, a first air nozzle 4 provided on the outer wall of the replenishing table 14, and a second air nozzle 5 provided on the outer wall of the cleaning table 15. A clamping plate 6 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the placement plate 3. A protective pad 7 is provided on the outer wall of the clamping plate 6. A rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the device body 1 and fixedly connected to the bottom of the conversion rod 2. A ratchet 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 8. A pawl 10 located on one side of the ratchet 9 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the device body 1. A spring 11 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pawl 10 and rotatably connected to the outer wall of the device body 1. The outer wall of the conversion rod 2 has a cross-shaped outline. There are four sets of placement plates 3, and the positions of the four sets of placement plates 3 are distributed around the conversion rod 2. There are two sets of clamping plates 6, and the positions of the two sets of clamping plates 6 are symmetrical about the central axis of the placement plate 3. The protective pad 7 is made of soft silicone. A lifting frame 16 located above the detection platform 12 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the main body 1 of the device. A sliding rod 17 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the lifting frame 16. A sliding block 18 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod 17. A CCD image acquisition device 19 located directly above the placement plate 3 is installed at the bottom of the sliding block 18. An electric push rod 33 fixedly connected to the top of the lifting frame 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting frame 16. A limiting rod 34 slidably connected to the top of the main body 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting frame 16. A third motor 35 is installed on the outer wall of the lifting frame 16. A second threaded rod 36 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod 17 is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor 35. A fourth motor 37 is installed on the outer wall of the sliding rod 17. A third threaded rod 38 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding block 18 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor 37. The movement trajectory of the CCD image acquisition device 19 is cross-shaped, and the movement trajectory of the CCD image acquisition device 19 is larger than the outer wall contour of the placement plate 3.
[0024] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a first motor 20 is installed at the bottom of the main body 1 of the device. A first gear 21 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 20. A second gear 22, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 8, meshes with the outer wall of the first gear 21. A bevel gear set 23 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 8. A fixed cylinder 24 is installed at the bottom of the main body 1 of the device. A rotating fan blade 25 located inside the fixed cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bevel gear set 23. An air supply pipe 26, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first air nozzle 4, is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed cylinder 24. Through the cooperation of the rotating shaft 8, ratchet 9, and pawl 10, the device can switch between different sizes of PCB boards on the placement plate 3 for testing when driven by the conversion rod 2. The ratchet 9 and pawl 10 engage and fix the gears after rotation, preventing wear on the rotating shaft 8 over time and reducing the possibility of the conversion rod 2 rotating backward. This improves the accuracy of the PCB board on the placement plate 3 moving below the CCD image acquisition unit 19. Through the coordinated use of the rotating shaft 8, rotating fan blade 25, and air supply pipe 26, when the gear drives the rotating shaft 8 to rotate the conversion rod 2 intermittently, the rotating shaft 8 and the bevel gear set 23 work together to rotate the rotating fan blade 25 and deliver the generated gas to the air nozzle for purging. This simultaneously cleans the impurities on the surface of the PCB board to be inspected, improving the accuracy of defect detection on the PCB board within the inspection area.
[0025] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a second motor 27 is installed at the bottom of the conversion rod 2. A first threaded rod 28 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 27. A threaded slide rod 29, which is slidably connected to the bottom of the conversion rod 2, is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded rod 28. A pulling rod 31, which is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the clamping plate 6, is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the threaded slide rod 29. Two sets of pulling rods 31 are provided, and their positions are symmetrical about the central axis of the threaded slide rod 29. A fixing groove 30 is provided at the connection between the bottom of the conversion rod 2 and the threaded slide rod 29. A sliding groove 32 is provided at the connection between the outer wall of the placement plate 3 and the clamping plate 6. The pulling rods 31 and the placement plate 3 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second motor... 27 is controlled separately by the PLC controller. Through the coordinated use of the threaded slide bar 29, the pull rod 31, the clamping plate 6 and the slide groove 32, after placing PCBs of different sizes on the placement plate 3 for switching and testing, the sliding of the threaded slide bar 29 and the rotation of the pull rod 31 drive the clamping plate 6 to slide along the inner wall of the slide groove 32, adjusting the spacing between the clamping plates 6 to achieve the effect of adjusting and fixing PCBs of different sizes. The second motor 27 is controlled separately by the PLC controller to clamp and fix PCBs of different sizes on the placement plate 3, improving the efficiency of a single testing device for switching and testing PCBs of different sizes.
[0026] Working principle: like Figure 1-9 As shown, when the PCB board defect detection device is in use, according to the needs of loading PCB boards of different sizes, the second motors 27 of the four sets of conversion rods 2 are controlled respectively. The drive of the second motors 27 drives the rotation of the first threaded rod 28, which drives the threaded slide rod 29 to slide along the inner wall of the fixed groove 30. The sliding of the threaded slide rod 29 drives the rotation of the pull rod 31, which in turn drives the threaded slide rod 29 to slide along the inner wall of the fixed groove 30, so that the clamping plate 6 slides along the inner wall of the slide groove 32. The spacing between the clamping plates 6 is adjusted respectively to achieve the effect of clamping and fixing PCB boards of different sizes. After PCBs of different sizes are placed on the placement plate 3 and clamped and fixed, the first motor 20 is turned on. The rotation of the first gear 21 drives the second gear 22 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 22 drives the conversion rod 2 to rotate intermittently, so that the placement plate 3 above the cleaning table 15 moves to the top of the inspection table 12 and below the CCD image acquisition device 19 for defect detection. After the rotating shaft 8 rotates, the ratchet 9 and the pawl 10 work together to lock the conversion rod 2 after it rotates, improving the accuracy of the placement plate 3 rotating directly below the CCD image acquisition device 19. After the rotating shaft 8 drives the conversion rod 2 to rotate, the rotation of the bevel gear set 23 drives the rotating fan blade 25 to rotate along the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 24. With the connection of the air supply pipe 26, the gas is sprayed out from the first air nozzle 4 and the second air nozzle 5 to blow away and clean the impurities on the PCB board surface above the replenishment table 14 and the cleaning table 15, so as to prevent the adsorption of impurities from affecting the tilt of the CCD image acquisition unit 19 to identify and collect defects, thereby reducing the accuracy of defect detection on the PCB board surface. When the PCB board on the placement plate 3 moves to directly below the CCD image acquisition unit 19, the electric push rod 33 is activated to drive the lifting frame 16, which is fixedly connected to the limit rod 34, to descend according to the required detection height. This adjusts the vertical distance between the CCD image acquisition unit 19 and the PCB board. Then, according to the required detection position of the PCB board, the third motor 35 is activated, and the sliding rod 17 slides along the outer wall of the lifting frame 16 through the rotation of the second threaded rod 36. The fourth motor 37 is activated, and the sliding block 18 slides along the outer wall of the sliding rod 17 through the rotation of the third threaded rod 38. This makes the movement trajectory of the CCD image acquisition unit 19 cross-shaped, thereby achieving the effect of all-round detection of defects on the surface of the PCB board.
[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A new material PCB board appearance defect detection device, comprising a main body (1), characterized in that: A conversion rod (2) is rotatably connected to the top of the main body (1) of the device. A placement plate (3) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conversion rod (2). A detection platform (12) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main body (1). A feeding platform (13) is provided on one side of the detection platform (12). A replenishing platform (14) is provided on one side of the feeding platform (13). A cleaning platform (15) is provided on one side of the replenishing platform (14). A first air nozzle (4) is provided on the outer wall of the replenishing platform (14). A second air nozzle (5) is provided on the outer wall of the cleaning platform (15). The outer wall of the placement plate (3) is slidably connected to a clamping plate (6), and the outer wall of the clamping plate (6) is provided with a protective pad (7). The outer wall of the device body (1) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (8) that is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conversion rod (2). The outer wall of the rotating shaft (8) is fixedly connected to a ratchet (9). The outer wall of the device body (1) is rotatably connected to a pawl (10) located on one side of the ratchet (9). The outer wall of the pawl (10) is fixedly connected to a spring (11) that is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the device body (1). The outer wall of the main body (1) of the device is slidably connected to a lifting frame (16) located above the detection platform (12). The outer wall of the lifting frame (16) is slidably connected to a sliding rod (17). The outer wall of the sliding rod (17) is slidably connected to a sliding block (18). The bottom of the sliding block (18) is provided with a CCD image acquisition device (19) located directly above the placement plate (3).
2. The new material PCB board appearance defect detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the conversion rod (2) is cross-shaped. There are four sets of placement plates (3), and the positions of the four sets of placement plates (3) are distributed around the conversion rod (2). There are two sets of clamping plates (6), and the positions of the two sets of clamping plates (6) are symmetrical about the central axis of the placement plate (3). The overall material of the protective pad (7) is soft silicone.
3. The new material PCB board appearance defect detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the main body (1) of the device is fixedly connected to an electric push rod (33) which is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting frame (16). The top of the lifting frame (16) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (34) which is slidably connected to the top of the main body (1). The outer wall of the lifting frame (16) is provided with a third motor (35). The output end of the third motor (35) is fixedly connected to a second threaded rod (36) which is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod (17). The outer wall of the sliding rod (17) is provided with a fourth motor (37). The output end of the fourth motor (37) is fixedly connected to a third threaded rod (38) which is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding block (18).
4. The new material PCB board appearance defect detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motion trajectory of the CCD image acquisition device (19) is cross-shaped, and the motion trajectory of the CCD image acquisition device (19) is greater than the outer wall contour of the placement plate (3).
5. The new material PCB board appearance defect detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the main body (1) of the device is provided with a first motor (20), and the output end of the first motor (20) is fixedly connected to a first gear (21). The outer wall of the first gear (21) is meshed with a second gear (22) which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (8).
6. The new material PCB board appearance defect detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bevel gear set (23) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (8). A fixed cylinder (24) is provided at the bottom of the main body (1) of the device. A rotating fan blade (25) located inside the fixed cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bevel gear set (23). An air supply pipe (26) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first air nozzle (4) is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed cylinder (24).
7. The new material PCB board appearance defect detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the conversion rod (2) is provided with a second motor (27), and the output end of the second motor (27) is fixedly connected to a first threaded rod (28). The outer wall of the first threaded rod (28) is threadedly connected to a threaded slide rod (29) that is slidably connected to the bottom of the conversion rod (2). The outer wall of the threaded slide rod (29) is rotatably connected to a pull rod (31) that is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the clamping plate (6).
8. The new material PCB board appearance defect detection equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pull rod (31) is provided in two sets, and the positions of the two sets of pull rods (31) are symmetrical about the central axis of the threaded slide rod (29).
9. The new material PCB board appearance defect detection equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the conversion rod (2) is provided with a fixing groove (30) at the connection between it and the threaded slide rod (29), and the outer wall of the placement plate (3) is provided with a sliding groove (32) at the connection between it and the clamping plate (6).
10. The new material PCB board appearance defect detection equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pull rod (31) and the placement plate (3) are set in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second motor (27) is controlled by the PLC controller.