Intelligent liquid cooling heat dissipation and waste heat recovery server system and control method, storage medium and computer equipment

Abstract

This application discloses a server system and control method, storage medium, and computer equipment with intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery, including a hybrid liquid cooling module, an intelligent control module, and a multi-stage waste heat recovery module. The hybrid liquid cooling module includes a cold plate liquid cooling unit and an immersion liquid cooling unit. The cold plate liquid cooling unit is used to force the coolant to circulate within a microchannel cold plate to circulate and absorb heat from the server's heat-generating components. The immersion liquid cooling unit is used to drive the circulation of insulating coolant through a pump to dissipate heat from the server as a whole. The intelligent control module is used to dynamically adjust the coolant flow rate in the cold plate liquid cooling unit and / or the immersion liquid cooling unit according to the server load data and the temperature data of the heat-generating components, and to send instructions to the multi-stage waste heat recovery module to control the distribution path of the outlet coolant according to the coolant outlet temperature. The multi-stage waste heat recovery module is used to distribute the outlet coolant to the heat utilization equipment at the corresponding temperature level for tiered utilization according to the instructions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of server heat dissipation technology, and in particular to a server system and control method, storage medium, and computer equipment with intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and high-performance computing, the demand for computing power in data centers is growing exponentially. CPU / GPU chip power consumption is constantly rising, with single chip power consumption exceeding 1000W, and single-rack power density exceeding 50kW becoming the norm. Traditional air-cooling methods, due to the extremely low thermal conductivity of air (approximately 0.024W / mK), face significantly increased costs and difficulties when single-rack power density exceeds 20kW, making them unable to meet the cooling needs of high-density servers. Simultaneously, driven by the "dual-carbon" strategy and the "East-to-West Computing" project, data centers face increasingly stringent energy efficiency requirements. How to reduce PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) and achieve waste heat recovery and utilization has become a critical issue that the industry urgently needs to address.

[0003] Currently, liquid cooling technology mainly falls into two categories: cold plate liquid cooling and immersion liquid cooling. Cold plate liquid cooling involves attaching a cold plate to the server chassis surface, using coolant circulating inside the cold plate to remove heat, achieving effective heat dissipation at the cold plate attachment point. Immersion liquid cooling completely immerses the server in insulating coolant, achieving overall heat dissipation through direct contact between the coolant and the server chassis. While both methods effectively reduce the surface temperature of the server chassis, the poor internal heat dissipation results in less than ideal overall server cooling performance. Furthermore, most of the heat generated by existing liquid cooling systems is directly discharged into the environment through cooling towers, with only a few systems attempting to use the absorbed heat for heating, leading to significant waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a server system and control method, storage medium, and computer equipment with intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery. By setting up a hybrid liquid cooling module including a cold plate liquid cooling unit and an immersion liquid cooling unit, it achieves all-round coverage heat dissipation from internal heat-generating components to the entire machine casing. A multi-stage waste heat recovery module is set up, which includes heat utilization devices at multiple temperature levels. It can distribute the heat energy of the coolant that would otherwise be discarded according to its temperature, realizing the resource recovery and utilization of waste heat. Through the intelligent control module, it can dynamically adjust the coolant flow rate of the two liquid cooling units and intelligently allocate the waste heat recovery path according to the real-time server load, heat-generating component temperature, and coolant outlet temperature. It achieves dynamic synergistic optimization of heat dissipation efficiency and energy recovery efficiency, ensuring that the server system always operates in the best energy efficiency state.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a server system with intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery is provided, including a hybrid liquid cooling module, an intelligent control module, and a multi-stage waste heat recovery module, wherein the hybrid liquid cooling module includes a cold plate type liquid cooling unit and an immersion type liquid cooling unit. The cold plate type liquid cooling unit includes a microchannel cold plate attached to the surface of the server's heat-generating component, which is used to force the coolant to circulate within the microchannel cold plate to absorb heat from the server's heat-generating component. The immersion liquid cooling unit includes a liquid cooling pool for immersing the server and a pump for driving the circulation of insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool, which is used to drive the circulation of insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool through the pump to perform overall immersion heat dissipation on the server. The intelligent control module is used to dynamically adjust the coolant flow rate in the cold plate liquid cooling unit and / or the immersion liquid cooling unit according to the acquired server load data and heat-generating component temperature data, and to send an instruction to the multi-stage waste heat recovery module to control the outlet coolant distribution path according to the acquired coolant outlet temperature of the hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module. The multi-stage waste heat recovery module is connected to the coolant outlet of the mixed liquid cooling heat dissipation module and includes multiple temperature-level heat utilization devices. It is used to distribute the outlet coolant to the corresponding temperature-level heat utilization devices for tiered utilization according to the instructions sent by the intelligent control module.

[0006] Beneficial effects: By setting up a hybrid liquid cooling module that includes both cold plate liquid cooling units and immersion liquid cooling units, comprehensive heat dissipation from internal heat-generating components to the entire machine casing is achieved; a multi-stage waste heat recovery module is set up, which includes heat utilization equipment at multiple temperature levels, enabling the tiered distribution of coolant heat energy that would otherwise be discarded according to its temperature, thus realizing the resource recovery and utilization of waste heat; through an intelligent control module, the coolant flow rate of the two liquid cooling units can be dynamically adjusted and the waste heat recovery path can be intelligently allocated according to the real-time server load, heat-generating component temperature, and coolant outlet temperature, achieving dynamic synergistic optimization of heat dissipation efficiency and energy recovery efficiency, ensuring that the server system always operates in the best energy efficiency state.

[0007] Optionally, the hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module further includes an intelligent switching valve group, which is connected between the cold plate type liquid cooling unit and the immersion type liquid cooling unit; the intelligent control module is further used for: The server load data is acquired according to a preset sampling frequency, and the load change of the server per unit time is calculated based on the server load data as the load surge rate. When the load surge rate exceeds the first threshold, the intelligent switching valve group is controlled to increase the coolant flow of the cold plate liquid cooling unit, and a preheating command is sent to the immersion liquid cooling unit so that the immersion liquid cooling unit starts the preheating circulation of the insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool. When the load surge rate exceeds the second threshold and the duration exceeds the preset duration, the intelligent switching valve group is controlled to switch the server's heat dissipation dominant mode from the cold plate liquid cooling unit to the immersion liquid cooling unit, so that the server is completely immersed in the liquid cooling pool and the immersion liquid cooling unit performs dominant heat dissipation, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0008] Beneficial Effects: By setting tiered response thresholds and differentiated control strategies, a smooth transition from "cold plate priority heat dissipation" to "immersion active preheating" and then to "complete mode switching" is achieved. This intelligent, tiered response mechanism avoids system oscillations caused by frequent mode switching due to short-term load fluctuations, and can promptly activate immersion cooling to ensure hardware safety under sustained high loads. Simultaneously, the preheating cycle eliminates the risks of thermal shock and condensation, significantly improving the server's operational stability and hardware lifespan under high dynamic load scenarios.

[0009] Optionally, the multi-stage waste heat recovery module includes a high-temperature section heat utilization device, a medium-temperature section heat utilization device, and a low-temperature section heat utilization device; The high-temperature section heat utilization equipment includes a plate heat exchanger connected to the domestic water system, used to transfer the heat of the outlet coolant to the domestic water system through the plate heat exchanger when the outlet temperature of the coolant is higher than a first temperature threshold. The medium-temperature heat utilization equipment includes a heating system interface connected to the district heating network, used to transfer the heat of the outlet coolant to the district heating network through the heating system interface when the outlet temperature of the coolant is between a second temperature threshold and a first temperature threshold. The low-temperature heat utilization equipment includes an organic Rankine cycle generator, which is used to drive the organic Rankine cycle generator to generate electricity when the outlet temperature of the coolant is lower than the second temperature threshold. The intelligent control module is also used to acquire external heating demand data and power generation load data, and dynamically adjust the first temperature threshold and / or the second temperature threshold according to the external heating demand data and the power generation load data.

[0010] Beneficial effects: By comparing the coolant outlet temperature with a preset temperature threshold, the system achieves automatic diversion and tiered utilization of waste heat from high to low, maximizing the value of every unit of heat. Simultaneously, the intelligent control module's ability to dynamically adjust the temperature threshold based on external demand gives the system flexibility to cope with seasonal changes, energy consumption fluctuations, and other external conditions, ensuring that waste heat recovery always proceeds in the direction of optimal economic or energy-saving benefits, significantly improving the flexibility of waste heat recovery.

[0011] Optionally, the intelligent control module is further used for: Acquire external heat demand data, wherein the external heat demand data includes the required temperature range of the heating system and the minimum inlet temperature requirement of the organic Rankine cycle generator; Obtain server load data and heat-generating component temperature data; Based on the server load data, the temperature data of the heat-generating components, and the external heat demand data, the optimal target value of the coolant outlet temperature is solved through a preset coupled optimization model. The coupled optimization model takes the temperature of the heat-generating components not exceeding a third temperature threshold as a rigid constraint and takes maximizing the waste heat recovery value as the optimization objective. The waste heat recovery value is determined based on the degree to which the solved coolant outlet temperature meets the demand temperature range and / or the minimum inlet temperature requirement. Based on the target value of the coolant outlet temperature, calculate the required coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and the coolant flow rate of the immersion liquid cooling unit, as well as the pump power distribution ratio between the pump power of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and the pump power of the immersion liquid cooling unit. The pump operating parameters of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and / or the immersion liquid cooling unit are dynamically adjusted according to the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit, the coolant flow rate of the immersion liquid cooling unit, and the pump power distribution ratio.

[0012] Beneficial effects: By unifying the two originally independent subsystems of heat dissipation and recycling into the same optimization framework, and taking the safety of heat-generating components such as chips as the bottom line and the value of waste heat as the goal, the coupled optimization model has achieved a leap from "passive response" to "active optimization". This not only ensures the reliable operation of servers under any operating conditions, but also makes the waste heat of the data center a truly adjustable and quantifiable resource.

[0013] Optionally, the cold plate liquid cooling unit further includes at least one thermoelectric generator, which is attached to the surface of the microchannel cold plate or embedded inside the microchannel cold plate. The hot end of the thermoelectric generator is in contact with the microchannel cold plate, and the cold end is exposed to the environment or connected to an auxiliary heat dissipation structure to form a temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator. The thermoelectric generator is used to convert the heat absorbed by the microchannel cold plate into electrical energy, and to supply the electrical energy to the sensor devices and / or the intelligent control module in the multi-stage waste heat recovery module.

[0014] Beneficial effects: By integrating a thermoelectric generator into the microchannel cold plate, the dual functions of heat dissipation and power generation are achieved, transforming the originally purely energy-consuming heat dissipation process into a process that generates energy simultaneously. This design not only makes full use of the temperature difference between the surface of the cold plate and the coolant, but also provides a stable and reliable supplementary power supply for the sensor devices and intelligent control modules in the server system, enhancing the autonomous operation capability of the entire server system under extreme working conditions or power fluctuation environments.

[0015] Optionally, the intelligent control module is further used for: Real-time monitoring of the output power of the thermoelectric generator and the temperature of the heat-generating components of the server; When the output power is higher than the preset power threshold, the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit is increased to enhance heat dissipation; When the output power is lower than the preset power threshold and the temperature of the heating component is lower than the fourth temperature threshold, the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit is reduced to increase the coolant outlet temperature.

[0016] Beneficial effects: By using the output power of the thermoelectric generator as a control signal reflecting the server's thermal load status, an intelligent trade-off between heat dissipation requirements and recycling potential is achieved. Prioritizing heat dissipation safety when heat-generating components are at high temperatures and proactively optimizing recycling benefits when heat-generating components are at low temperatures, the server system's operating strategy is always matched to the server's actual operating conditions. This avoids energy waste caused by excessive heat dissipation while maximizing the utilization value of waste heat.

[0017] Optionally, the microchannel cold plate is provided with a plurality of needle-shaped fins arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cold plate to increase the heat exchange area between the microchannel cold plate and the coolant.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Through the refined design of the internal flow channel structure of the microchannel cold plate, the heat exchange performance is significantly improved without changing the external dimensions of the cold plate. The introduction of the needle-shaped fin array not only enhances the heat dissipation capacity per unit area of ​​the cold plate, but also provides conditions for increasing the outlet temperature of the coolant. This enables the server system to deliver more high-quality heat to the waste heat recovery module while ensuring the temperature safety of the heat-generating components, laying the foundation for subsequent cascade utilization.

[0019] According to another aspect of this application, a server system control method with intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery is provided, applied to any of the server systems described in this application, comprising: Obtain server load data, heat-generating component temperature data, and coolant outlet temperature of the hybrid liquid cooling module; Based on the server load data and the temperature data of the heat-generating components, the coolant flow rate in the cold plate type liquid cooling unit and / or immersion liquid cooling unit is dynamically adjusted; Based on the coolant outlet temperature, an instruction is sent to the multi-stage waste heat recovery module to control the coolant distribution path, so that the multi-stage waste heat recovery module distributes the coolant to the heat utilization equipment at the corresponding temperature level for tiered utilization.

[0020] According to another aspect of this application, a storage medium is provided that stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery server system control method.

[0021] According to another aspect of this application, a computer device is provided, including a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the above-described intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery server system control method.

[0022] By employing the above technical solutions, this application provides a server system and control method, storage medium, and computer equipment with intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery. Through the installation of a hybrid liquid cooling module comprising both cold-plate and immersion liquid cooling units, it achieves comprehensive heat dissipation from internal heat-generating components to the entire casing. A multi-stage waste heat recovery module, containing heat utilization devices at multiple temperature levels, is incorporated to distribute the heat energy of the coolant, which would otherwise be discarded, in stages according to its temperature, thus realizing the resource-based recovery and utilization of waste heat. Through an intelligent control module, the coolant flow rate of the two liquid cooling units is dynamically adjusted and the waste heat recovery path is intelligently allocated based on real-time server load, heat-generating component temperature, and coolant outlet temperature. This achieves dynamic synergistic optimization of heat dissipation efficiency and energy recovery efficiency, ensuring that the server system always operates at its optimal energy efficiency.

[0023] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1This illustration shows a structural diagram of a server system with intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the arrangement of microchannel cold plates in a cold plate type liquid cooling unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This illustration shows a structural schematic diagram of a hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a server system control method for intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the device structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0026] This embodiment provides a server system with intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the server system includes a hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module, an intelligent control module, and a multi-stage waste heat recovery module. The hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module includes a cold plate liquid cooling unit and an immersion liquid cooling unit. The cold plate type liquid cooling unit includes a microchannel cold plate attached to the surface of the server's heat-generating component, which is used to force the coolant to circulate within the microchannel cold plate to absorb heat from the server's heat-generating component. The immersion liquid cooling unit includes a liquid cooling pool for immersing the server and a pump for driving the circulation of insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool, which is used to drive the circulation of insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool through the pump to perform overall immersion heat dissipation on the server. The intelligent control module is used to dynamically adjust the coolant flow rate in the cold plate liquid cooling unit and / or the immersion liquid cooling unit according to the acquired server load data and heat-generating component temperature data, and to send an instruction to the multi-stage waste heat recovery module to control the outlet coolant distribution path according to the acquired coolant outlet temperature of the hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module. The multi-stage waste heat recovery module is connected to the coolant outlet of the mixed liquid cooling heat dissipation module and includes multiple temperature-level heat utilization devices. It is used to distribute the outlet coolant to the corresponding temperature-level heat utilization devices for tiered utilization according to the instructions sent by the intelligent control module.

[0027] This application provides an intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery server system. Its core lies in the synergistic operation of a hybrid liquid cooling module, an intelligent control module, and a multi-stage waste heat recovery module to achieve closed-loop management of efficient server heat dissipation and waste heat resource utilization. The hybrid liquid cooling module serves as the foundation for the server system's heat dissipation, integrating both cold-plate liquid cooling units and immersion liquid cooling units—two different types of liquid cooling technologies—providing hardware support for subsequent refined control.

[0028] The cold plate liquid cooling unit is primarily responsible for precisely dissipating heat from high-heat-generating components inside the server. Its core component is a microchannel cold plate that adheres to the surface of heat-generating components such as the CPU and GPU. This microchannel cold plate contains micron-sized fluid channels, and coolant is driven by external power to circulate at high speed within these channels. Utilizing the principle of forced convection heat transfer, it rapidly removes heat generated by the heat-generating components, achieving targeted and enhanced cooling of localized hot spots within the server. Figure 2 The figure illustrates the arrangement of a microchannel cold plate in a cold plate type liquid cooling unit according to an embodiment of this application. The liquid cooling radiator shown in the figure is also the microchannel cold plate in this embodiment, which is attached to heat-generating components such as GPUs / CPUs. Coolant is injected into the fluid channel inlet of the microchannel cold plate by a forced liquid inlet system, and coolant flowing out of the fluid channel outlet is received by a forced liquid outlet system.

[0029] The immersion liquid cooling unit is responsible for the basic heat dissipation of the entire server. It consists of a liquid cooling tank to house the server and a pump to circulate the insulating coolant. The entire server is submerged in the insulating coolant within the tank. The pump drives the coolant to continuously circulate within the tank, utilizing direct contact between the liquid and the server casing and internal components to achieve comprehensive, seamless immersion cooling, thus providing the server with a uniform and stable basic heat dissipation environment. Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a hybrid liquid cooling module provided in an embodiment of this application. It simultaneously cools n servers, designated as device 1, device 2, ..., device n. All n servers are immersed in the liquid cooling pool of an immersion liquid cooling unit. Each server's heat-generating components are fitted with a microchannel cold plate (i.e., the liquid cooling plate shown in the diagram). Specifically, the microchannel cold plates deployed on heat-generating components such as the CPU and GPU can be made of metal, using a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid for forced circulation to absorb heat. The servers employ an immersion design, immersed in an insulating coolant (such as pure water, mineral oil, or fluorinated liquid), utilizing natural convection and pump circulation to enhance heat dissipation.

[0030] The intelligent control module is the control center of the entire server system. It can collect server load data and temperature data of heat-generating components in real time or at a preset frequency, and make intelligent decisions and dynamically adjust the coolant flow rate in the cold plate liquid cooling unit and / or immersion liquid cooling unit based on this dynamic information to ensure optimal heat dissipation performance under different workloads. In a specific embodiment, the intelligent control module can achieve dynamic adjustment of coolant flow rate in the following ways: First, by adjusting the speed or operating frequency of the pumps in the respective circuits of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and the immersion liquid cooling unit, the circulation volume of coolant per unit time can be directly changed; second, by controlling the opening of the electric regulating valve, the flow distribution ratio to each unit can be changed; third, for systems equipped with variable frequency pumps, the flow rate can be precisely adjusted to the target value using PID control or fuzzy control algorithms according to real-time changes in load and temperature. The above adjustment methods can act on a single unit or on two units in combination to achieve dynamic matching between heat dissipation capacity and real-time requirements. Meanwhile, the module continuously monitors the outlet temperature of the coolant at the end of the mixed liquid cooling heat dissipation module, and based on this, sends precise control commands to the multi-stage waste heat recovery module to determine the final destination of the outlet coolant heat energy.

[0031] The multi-stage waste heat recovery module, serving as a thermal energy reuse stage, has its inlet connected to the coolant outlet of the mixed liquid cooling module. Internally, it integrates heat utilization equipment corresponding to different temperature levels. Upon receiving instructions from the intelligent control module, this module automatically directs the heat to the most suitable temperature-level heat utilization equipment, thereby achieving efficient, step-by-step utilization of waste heat from high to low grade, converting heat that would otherwise be discharged into valuable resources such as heating, domestic hot water, or electricity.

[0032] In one specific embodiment, in the hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module, the coolant outlet is configured as a single main outlet. The outlet pipes of the plate-type liquid cooling unit and the immersion liquid cooling unit merge before entering the multi-stage waste heat recovery module, ensuring thorough mixing of the two coolants at different temperatures before unified output. This design aims to use a single mixing temperature as the criterion for determining the stage of waste heat recovery, avoiding complex allocation logic due to multiple different temperatures, and also simplifying the piping layout and control strategy.

[0033] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, a hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module comprising a cold plate liquid cooling unit and an immersion liquid cooling unit is set up, achieving all-round coverage heat dissipation from internal heat-generating components to the entire machine casing. A multi-stage waste heat recovery module is set up, which includes heat utilization equipment at multiple temperature levels, enabling the tiered distribution of coolant heat energy that would otherwise be discarded according to its temperature, thus realizing the resource recovery and utilization of waste heat. Through an intelligent control module, the coolant flow rate of the two liquid cooling units can be dynamically adjusted and the waste heat recovery path can be intelligently allocated according to the real-time server load, heat-generating component temperature, and coolant outlet temperature, achieving dynamic synergistic optimization of heat dissipation efficiency and energy recovery efficiency, ensuring that the server system always operates in the best energy efficiency state.

[0034] Optionally, in this embodiment, the hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module further includes an intelligent switching valve group connected between the cold plate liquid cooling unit and the immersion liquid cooling unit. The intelligent control module is further configured to: acquire server load data at a preset sampling frequency, and calculate the load change of the server per unit time based on the server load data as the load surge rate; when the load surge rate exceeds a first threshold, control the intelligent switching valve group to increase the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit, and simultaneously send a preheating command to the immersion liquid cooling unit to enable the immersion liquid cooling unit to start the preheating circulation of the insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool; when the load surge rate exceeds a second threshold and the duration exceeds a preset duration, control the intelligent switching valve group to switch the server's heat dissipation dominance mode from the cold plate liquid cooling unit to the immersion liquid cooling unit, so that the server is completely immersed in the liquid cooling pool and the immersion liquid cooling unit performs dominant heat dissipation, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0035] In this embodiment, by introducing an intelligent switching valve group into the hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module, and connecting the valve group between the cold plate liquid cooling unit and the immersion liquid cooling unit, a hardware foundation is provided for the coordination and switching between the two heat dissipation modes.

[0036] Specifically, the intelligent control module monitors changes in server load and calculates the load change rate per unit time, thereby accurately identifying the degree of sudden changes in server operating status and providing a quantitative basis for subsequent differentiated control.

[0037] When the intelligent control module detects that the load surge rate exceeds a preset first threshold, it determines that the server has entered a short-term high-load state. At this time, it controls the intelligent switching valve group to prioritize increasing the coolant flow of the cold plate liquid cooling unit to enhance the instantaneous heat dissipation capability for local hot spots such as the CPU / GPU and prevent the chip temperature from soaring. At the same time, the intelligent control module sends a preheating command to the immersion liquid cooling unit, initiating the preheating circulation of the insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool, so that the coolant temperature gradually rises to near the operating state. This preheating action not only avoids the thermal shock that may be caused by direct contact between the coolant and the high-temperature server during subsequent sudden switching, but also prevents the electrical safety risks caused by condensation due to excessive temperature difference.

[0038] When the load surge rate further exceeds a higher second threshold, and this ultra-high load condition persists for more than a preset duration, the intelligent control module determines that the server will enter a continuous high-power operation phase. At this time, the intelligent switching valve group switches the heat dissipation-dominant mode, changing the server from a localized heat dissipation mode dominated by cold plate liquid cooling units to a holistic heat dissipation mode dominated by immersion liquid cooling units fully immersed in the liquid cooling pool. Utilizing the advantages of immersion cooling—large heat capacity and uniform heat exchange—it provides stable and reliable heat dissipation for long-term high-load operation.

[0039] This application's embodiments achieve a smooth transition from "cold plate priority heat dissipation" to "immersion active preheating" and then to "complete mode switching" by setting tiered response thresholds and differentiated control strategies. This intelligent, tiered response mechanism avoids system oscillations caused by frequent mode switching due to short-term load fluctuations, and can promptly activate immersion cooling to ensure hardware safety under sustained high loads. Simultaneously, the preheating cycle eliminates the risks of thermal shock and condensation, significantly improving the server's operational stability and hardware lifespan under high dynamic load scenarios.

[0040] Optionally, in this embodiment, the multi-stage waste heat recovery module includes a high-temperature heat utilization device, a medium-temperature heat utilization device, and a low-temperature heat utilization device. The high-temperature heat utilization device includes a plate heat exchanger connected to a domestic water system, used to transfer heat from the outlet coolant to the domestic water system through the plate heat exchanger when the outlet temperature of the coolant is higher than a first temperature threshold. The medium-temperature heat utilization device includes a heating system interface connected to a district heating network, used to transfer heat from the outlet coolant to the district heating network through the heating system interface when the outlet temperature of the coolant is between a second temperature threshold and a first temperature threshold. The low-temperature heat utilization device includes an organic Rankine cycle generator, used to drive the organic Rankine cycle generator to generate electricity when the outlet temperature of the coolant is lower than the second temperature threshold. The intelligent control module is also used to acquire external heating demand data and power generation load data, and dynamically adjust the first temperature threshold and / or the second temperature threshold according to the external heating demand data and the power generation load data.

[0041] In this embodiment, the multi-stage waste heat recovery module is structurally divided into three levels of heat utilization equipment: high-temperature, medium-temperature, and low-temperature. This provides a physical basis for the tiered utilization of coolant thermal energy. This three-stage design can match different utilization methods according to the quality of heat, avoiding waste caused by the inefficient use of high-grade heat. It also provides a clear execution target for the hierarchical decision-making of the intelligent control module.

[0042] Specifically, the high-temperature heat utilization equipment uses a plate heat exchanger, which is connected to the domestic water system. When the intelligent control module detects that the coolant outlet temperature of the mixed liquid cooling heat dissipation module is higher than the preset first temperature threshold, it determines that the heat at this time has high utilization value. Then, it controls the plate heat exchanger to start the heat exchange process, efficiently transferring the high-temperature heat energy in the outlet coolant to the domestic water system, which is directly used for hot water supply in the data center office area or surrounding facilities, realizing the priority utilization of high-grade heat energy.

[0043] The medium-temperature heat utilization equipment transfers heat through a heating system interface connected to the district heating network. When the coolant outlet temperature is between the lower second temperature threshold and the higher first temperature threshold, it indicates that the heat quality is no longer suitable for directly heating domestic hot water, but it still has heating value. At this time, the intelligent control module directs the heat to the heating system interface, connecting the medium-temperature heat energy to the district heating network to meet the heating needs of surrounding buildings, thereby avoiding the direct discharge of the still usable medium-temperature heat energy.

[0044] The low-temperature heat utilization equipment employs an organic Rankine cycle generator, a device capable of converting low- to medium-grade heat energy into electrical energy. When the coolant outlet temperature falls below the second temperature threshold, it indicates that the heat grade is insufficient to support heating, but still contains some usable energy. At this point, the intelligent control module directs the outlet coolant into the organic Rankine cycle generator, utilizing the evaporative expansion of its internal working fluid to drive a turbine and generate electricity. This converts the previously difficult-to-use low-temperature waste heat into electrical energy, which can be reused for computer room lighting, sensor power supply, or auxiliary equipment, further improving energy self-sufficiency.

[0045] The intelligent control module also plays a dynamic optimization role in this process. Specifically, the intelligent control module can acquire external heating demand data and power generation load data, and dynamically adjust the set values ​​of the first and second temperature thresholds based on changes in these external demands. For example, during periods of high heating demand in winter, the second temperature threshold can be appropriately lowered, diverting more low-temperature heat originally intended for power generation to the medium-temperature range for heating; while during peak electricity consumption periods or when power generation revenue is high, the second temperature threshold can be appropriately raised, diverting more medium-temperature heat originally intended for heating to the low-temperature range for power generation, thereby achieving dynamic matching between the waste heat recovery strategy and external energy demand.

[0046] This embodiment of the application compares the coolant outlet temperature with a preset temperature threshold to achieve automatic diversion and tiered utilization of waste heat from high to low, maximizing the value of every unit of heat. Simultaneously, the intelligent control module's ability to dynamically adjust the temperature threshold based on external demand gives the system the flexibility to cope with seasonal changes, energy consumption fluctuations, and other external conditions, ensuring that waste heat recovery always proceeds in the direction of optimal economic or energy-saving benefits, significantly improving the flexibility of waste heat recovery.

[0047] Optionally, in this embodiment, the intelligent control module is further configured to: acquire external heat demand data, wherein the external heat demand data includes the required temperature range of the heating system and the minimum inlet temperature requirement of the organic Rankine cycle generator; acquire server load data and heating component temperature data; and, based on the server load data, the heating component temperature data, and the external heat demand data, solve for the optimal coolant outlet temperature target value through a preset coupled optimization model, wherein the coupled optimization model has a rigid constraint that the heating component temperature does not exceed a third temperature threshold, and aims to maximize the waste heat recovery value. The value of waste heat recovery is determined based on the degree to which the coolant outlet temperature meets the required temperature range and / or the minimum inlet temperature requirement. Based on the target coolant outlet temperature, the required coolant flow rate of the plate-type liquid cooling unit and the coolant flow rate of the submerged liquid cooling unit, as well as the pump power distribution ratio between the plate-type liquid cooling unit and the submerged liquid cooling unit, are calculated. The pump operating parameters of the plate-type liquid cooling unit and / or the submerged liquid cooling unit are dynamically adjusted according to the coolant flow rate of the plate-type liquid cooling unit, the coolant flow rate of the submerged liquid cooling unit, and the pump power distribution ratio.

[0048] In this embodiment, the external heat demand is combined with the internal operating status of the server, and the optimal target value of the coolant outlet temperature is solved by a coupled optimization model, thereby achieving synergistic optimization of heat dissipation and heat recovery.

[0049] The intelligent control module first acquires external heat demand data, including the required temperature range of the heating system and the minimum inlet temperature requirement of the organic Rankine cycle generator. This data provides a quantitative basis for the value assessment of waste heat recovery. At the same time, it acquires server load data and heat-generating component temperature data, providing real-time input for the establishment of heat dissipation constraints.

[0050] The intelligent control module then uses the acquired multi-dimensional data to solve for the optimal target value of the coolant outlet temperature through a preset coupled optimization model. This model takes the temperature of the heat-generating components not exceeding a third temperature threshold as a rigid constraint to ensure that the server's heat dissipation safety is always given priority. At the same time, it aims to maximize the value of waste heat recovery, and the level of waste heat recovery value is determined by the extent to which the solved coolant outlet temperature can meet the heating demand temperature range and / or the minimum inlet temperature requirement of the organic Rankine cycle generator, so that the coolant outlet temperature is matched as closely as possible to the external heat demand.

[0051] After determining the optimal coolant outlet temperature target value, the intelligent control module converts it into specific execution parameters. This process involves reverse calculation, that is, deriving the required coolant flow rates for the plate-type liquid cooling unit and the submersible liquid cooling unit, as well as the power distribution ratio between the two unit pumps, based on the coolant outlet temperature target value. In a specific embodiment, this can be determined as follows: First step: Establishing a correspondence. The system internally establishes a database or mathematical model of "different server loads + different flow rate combinations → corresponding coolant outlet temperatures" through experiments or simulations. Second step: Reverse lookup. After the intelligent control module determines the optimal coolant outlet temperature target value, it reversely looks up the database based on the current real-time server load to find multiple flow rate combinations that can achieve the coolant outlet temperature target value, and selects the group with the lowest total pump power consumption. Third step: Allocation and execution. The selected flow rate values ​​are distributed to the pumps of the plate-type liquid cooling unit and the submersible liquid cooling unit, respectively, and the operating parameters of the two pumps are controlled according to the corresponding power ratio, so that the actual outlet temperature approaches the coolant outlet temperature target value.

[0052] Finally, the intelligent control module dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of the pumps in the two liquid cooling units according to the calculated flow rates of the cold plate liquid cooling unit, the immersion liquid cooling unit, and the pump power distribution ratio. By precisely controlling the pump speed or power output, the actual coolant outlet temperature of the hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module is made closer to the previously calculated target coolant outlet temperature value, thereby achieving dual optimization of heat dissipation effect and recycling value.

[0053] This application integrates two originally independent subsystems, heat dissipation and recycling, into a single optimization framework. With the safety of heat-generating components such as chips as the bottom line and the value of waste heat as the goal, a leap from "passive response" to "active optimization" is achieved through a coupled optimization model. This not only ensures the reliable operation of servers under any operating conditions, but also makes the waste heat of the data center a truly adjustable and quantifiable resource.

[0054] Optionally, in this embodiment, the cold plate liquid cooling unit further includes at least one thermoelectric generator. The thermoelectric generator is attached to the surface of the microchannel cold plate or embedded inside the microchannel cold plate. The hot end of the thermoelectric generator is in contact with the microchannel cold plate, and the cold end is exposed to the environment or connected to an auxiliary heat dissipation structure to form a temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric generator. The thermoelectric generator is used to convert the heat absorbed by the microchannel cold plate into electrical energy and supply the electrical energy to the sensor devices and / or the intelligent control module in the multi-stage waste heat recovery module.

[0055] In this embodiment, by attaching or embedding a thermoelectric generator on the surface of the microchannel cold plate, the heat energy generated during the heat dissipation process is directly converted into electrical energy by utilizing the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric generator, thereby further increasing the reuse of heat energy.

[0056] Specifically, one or more thermoelectric generators can be integrated into a cold-plate liquid cooling unit. A thermoelectric generator is a semiconductor device that uses the Seebeck effect to directly convert heat energy into electrical energy. The thermoelectric generator is installed by attaching it to the surface of the microchannel cold plate or embedding it directly inside the cold plate, so that its hot end is in close contact with the microchannel cold plate, thereby efficiently absorbing the heat carried away by the cold plate from the heat-generating components of the server; while its cold end is exposed to the environment or connected to a dedicated auxiliary heat dissipation structure. This design ensures that a stable temperature difference can be formed between the hot and cold ends, providing the necessary physical conditions for thermoelectric conversion.

[0057] Once the temperature difference is established, the thermoelectric generator begins to perform its core function: using the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends to drive the movement of charge carriers in the semiconductor material, thereby directly converting the continuously transferred heat into direct current electrical energy. This process realizes the energy transformation from "heat" to "electricity," and the entire process has no moving parts and no additional energy consumption. It is a quiet and reliable power generation method, equivalent to performing an energy recovery while cooling a server.

[0058] The electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric generator can be directly used to power various sensor devices in the multi-stage waste heat recovery module, as well as the intelligent control module itself. These sensor devices can include temperature sensors, flow sensors, pressure sensors, etc. By supplying the electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric generator to these low-power devices nearby, local self-powering of key components inside the server system is achieved, reducing dependence on external power sources for the data center.

[0059] This application embodiment integrates a thermoelectric generator on a microchannel cold plate, achieving a fusion of heat dissipation and power generation. This transforms the original purely energy-consuming heat dissipation process into a process that simultaneously generates energy. This design not only makes full use of the temperature difference between the cold plate surface and the coolant, but also provides a stable and reliable supplementary power supply for sensor devices and intelligent control modules in the server system, enhancing the autonomous operation capability of the entire server system under extreme operating conditions or power fluctuation environments.

[0060] Optionally, in this embodiment, the intelligent control module is further configured to: monitor the output power of the thermoelectric generator and the temperature of the heat-generating components of the server in real time; when the output power is higher than a preset power threshold, increase the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit to enhance heat dissipation; when the output power is lower than a preset power threshold and the temperature of the heat-generating components is lower than a fourth temperature threshold, decrease the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit to increase the coolant outlet temperature.

[0061] In this embodiment, based on the integrated thermoelectric generator, the intelligent control module is further endowed with the function of dynamically adjusting the output power of the thermoelectric generator. By monitoring the power generation status of the thermoelectric generator and combining it with the temperature of the server's heat-generating components, the intelligent control module can determine the current thermal load status and heat dissipation margin of the server, thereby flexibly adjusting the heat dissipation strategy while ensuring the safety of heat-generating components such as chips, and achieving a dynamic balance between heat dissipation and heat recovery.

[0062] Specifically, the intelligent control module first monitors the output power of the thermoelectric generator and the temperature of the server's heat-generating components in real time. The output power of the thermoelectric generator is directly related to the temperature difference between its hot and cold ends, and the magnitude of this temperature difference largely reflects the intensity of the heat load borne by the microchannel cold plate. When the temperature of the server's heat-generating components increases and the heat flux density increases, the temperature of the cold plate rises accordingly, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends widens, and the output power of the thermoelectric generator increases accordingly; conversely, when the temperature of the heat-generating components decreases and the heat load decreases, the output power of the thermoelectric generator decreases accordingly. Therefore, the output power of the thermoelectric generator can serve as an indirect but sensitive indicator reflecting the server's heat load status.

[0063] When the intelligent control module detects that the output power of the thermoelectric generator exceeds the preset power threshold, it indicates that the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends is large, the cold plate is under a high heat load, and the server's heat-generating components may be at a high temperature or about to face the risk of overheating. At this time, the intelligent control module executes a heat dissipation priority strategy, immediately increasing the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit. By enhancing the forced convection heat transfer efficiency within the cold plate, the accumulated heat is quickly removed, ensuring that the temperature of the heat-generating components is controlled within a safe range, and preventing performance degradation or hardware damage due to insufficient heat dissipation.

[0064] When the intelligent control module detects that the output power of the thermoelectric generator is lower than the preset power threshold, and the temperature of the heat-generating component is also lower than the fourth temperature threshold, it indicates that the server is currently under low load and the heat dissipation system has sufficient margin. Even if the heat dissipation intensity of the cold plate is appropriately reduced, it will not affect the safety of the heat-generating component. Under this condition, the intelligent control module executes a recovery optimization strategy, appropriately reducing the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit. This prolongs the residence time of the coolant within the cold plate, allowing for more complete heat absorption, thereby increasing the coolant outlet temperature. This enables more heat to enter a higher-grade recovery stage, enhancing the overall value of waste heat recovery.

[0065] This application embodiment uses the output power of the thermoelectric generator as a control signal reflecting the server's thermal load status, achieving an intelligent trade-off between heat dissipation requirements and recycling potential. Prioritizing heat dissipation safety when heat-generating components are at high temperatures, and proactively optimizing recycling benefits when heat-generating components are at low temperatures, ensures that the server system's operating strategy always matches the server's actual operating conditions. This avoids energy waste caused by excessive heat dissipation while maximizing the utilization value of waste heat.

[0066] Optionally, in this embodiment, the microchannel cold plate is provided with a plurality of needle-shaped fins arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cold plate to increase the heat exchange area between the microchannel cold plate and the coolant.

[0067] In this embodiment, the internal structure of the microchannel cold plate is optimized by setting a needle-shaped fin array perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cold plate, which significantly increases the heat exchange area between the coolant and the cold plate.

[0068] To further enhance the heat exchange capacity per unit volume of the microchannel cold plate, multiple needle-shaped fins were added inside the microchannel cold plate. These fins have a fine needle-like structure and are regularly arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cold plate to form an array of turbulence units. This can significantly expand the contact area between the coolant and the metal wall without significantly increasing the overall size of the cold plate.

[0069] As the coolant flows through the microchannels, it must bypass these vertically arranged needle-like fins. The flow path is repeatedly divided and reorganized, and the fluid boundary layer is constantly disrupted and reformed. This process not only increases the contact area between the coolant and the fin surface but also enhances the turbulence of the fluid, allowing heat to be transferred more efficiently from the solid wall of the cold plate to the coolant. This significantly improves the local heat transfer coefficient and enhances the overall temperature uniformity of the cold plate.

[0070] By combining increased heat exchange area with enhanced turbulent heat transfer, microchannel cold plates can remove more heat with the same coolant flow rate, or allow for a lower coolant flow rate to achieve the same cooling effect. This structural optimization enables cold plate-type liquid cooling units to more effectively handle the heat dissipation of high-heat-generating components such as CPUs / GPUs, reduce the thermal resistance between heat-generating components and coolant, and improve the overall energy efficiency of the cooling system.

[0071] This application embodiment significantly improves heat exchange performance without changing the external dimensions of the cold plate by refining the internal flow channel structure of the microchannel cold plate. The introduction of the needle-shaped fin array not only enhances the heat dissipation capacity per unit area of ​​the cold plate, but also provides conditions for increasing the outlet temperature of the coolant. This enables the server system to deliver more high-quality heat to the waste heat recovery module while ensuring the temperature safety of the heat-generating components, laying the foundation for subsequent cascade utilization.

[0072] Furthermore, as a refinement and extension of the specific implementation of the above embodiments, in order to fully illustrate the specific implementation process of this embodiment, another intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery server system is provided, which mainly consists of three parts: a hybrid liquid cooling module, an intelligent control module, and a multi-stage waste heat recovery module.

[0073] The hybrid liquid cooling module integrates a cold plate-type liquid cooling unit and an immersion-type liquid cooling unit: the cold plate-type unit uses microchannel cold plates attached to the surface of heat-generating components such as the CPU / GPU to force the coolant to circulate within the microchannels for precise localized heat dissipation; the immersion-type unit uses a liquid cooling pool and a pump that drives the circulation of insulating coolant to immerse the entire server for all-around heat dissipation. The intelligent control module acts as the control center, collecting server load data and heat-generating component temperatures in real time, dynamically adjusting the coolant flow rate of both units, and monitoring the coolant outlet temperature of the hybrid liquid cooling module. Based on this, it sends instructions to the multi-stage waste heat recovery module to distribute the outlet coolant to the corresponding heat recovery equipment according to temperature, thereby achieving tiered utilization of waste heat.

[0074] To cope with drastic load fluctuations, an intelligent switching valve assembly has been added to the hybrid liquid cooling module. The intelligent control module calculates the sudden increase rate of load; when the rate exceeds a first threshold, it immediately increases the flow rate of the cold plates and initiates a preheating cycle in the immersion liquid cooling pool. If the rate exceeds a higher second threshold and persists for a certain period, the control valve assembly switches the heat dissipation mode from cold plates to immersion, ensuring the server is fully immersed in the liquid cooling pool and stable heat dissipation under high heat flux density. On the waste heat recovery side, the multi-stage recovery module is clearly divided into three sections: high temperature, medium temperature, and low temperature. The high-temperature section uses plate heat exchangers to heat domestic hot water; the medium-temperature section connects to the district heating network via an interface; and the low-temperature section drives an organic Rankine cycle generator to generate electricity. The intelligent control module also acquires external heating demand and power generation load data, dynamically adjusting the thresholds of each temperature section to ensure real-time matching of the recovery strategy with energy demand. Furthermore, the system incorporates a coupled optimization model that integrates server load, heat-generating component temperature, and external heat demand (heating temperature range, ORC minimum inlet temperature). With the constraint that the heat-generating component temperature does not exceed a safety threshold and the goal of maximizing waste heat recovery value, it solves for the optimal coolant outlet temperature. Then, it reverse-calculates the required cold plate flow rate, immersion flow rate, and pump power allocation ratio, and adjusts the operating parameters accordingly, achieving deep synergy between heat dissipation and recovery.

[0075] Furthermore, the microchannel cold plate of the cold-plate liquid cooling unit integrates a thermoelectric generator. Its hot end is in close contact with the cold plate, and its cold end is connected to an auxiliary heat dissipation structure. Utilizing the temperature difference between the cold plate and the environment, it converts some heat energy into electrical energy, supplying power to the sensors and intelligent control module of the multi-stage recovery module, achieving local self-powering. The intelligent control module monitors the output power of the thermoelectric generator and the temperature of the heating components in real time: when the output power is higher than a preset power threshold, it indicates a high heat load on the heating components, and automatically increases the cold plate flow rate to enhance heat dissipation; when the output power is lower than the preset power threshold and the temperature of the heating components is lower than a fourth temperature threshold, it indicates sufficient heat dissipation margin, and appropriately reduces the cold plate flow rate to increase the outlet temperature, thereby optimizing recovery benefits while ensuring safety. Simultaneously, the microchannel cold plate also features a needle-like fin array perpendicular to the bottom surface, significantly increasing the heat exchange area and enhancing turbulence, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the cold plate and providing a superior hardware foundation for the aforementioned intelligent control. The entire system achieves a unified approach of efficient heat dissipation and waste heat resource recovery through the integration of multi-level hardware innovation and intelligent control strategies.

[0076] Furthermore, as Figure 1 In this application, a specific implementation of a server system is described, including an intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery server system control method. Figure 4 As shown, the method includes: Obtain server load data, heat-generating component temperature data, and coolant outlet temperature of the hybrid liquid cooling module; Based on the server load data and the temperature data of the heat-generating components, the coolant flow rate in the cold plate type liquid cooling unit and / or immersion liquid cooling unit is dynamically adjusted; Based on the coolant outlet temperature, an instruction is sent to the multi-stage waste heat recovery module to control the coolant distribution path, so that the multi-stage waste heat recovery module distributes the coolant to the heat utilization equipment at the corresponding temperature level for tiered utilization.

[0077] Optionally, the hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module further includes an intelligent switching valve group, which is connected between the cold plate type liquid cooling unit and the immersion type liquid cooling unit; the method further includes: The server load data is acquired according to a preset sampling frequency, and the load change of the server per unit time is calculated based on the server load data as the load surge rate. When the load surge rate exceeds the first threshold, the intelligent switching valve group is controlled to increase the coolant flow of the cold plate liquid cooling unit, and a preheating command is sent to the immersion liquid cooling unit so that the immersion liquid cooling unit starts the preheating circulation of the insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool. When the load surge rate exceeds the second threshold and the duration exceeds the preset duration, the intelligent switching valve group is controlled to switch the server's heat dissipation dominant mode from the cold plate liquid cooling unit to the immersion liquid cooling unit, so that the server is completely immersed in the liquid cooling pool and the immersion liquid cooling unit performs dominant heat dissipation, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0078] Optionally, the multi-stage waste heat recovery module includes a high-temperature section heat utilization device, a medium-temperature section heat utilization device, and a low-temperature section heat utilization device; The high-temperature section heat utilization equipment includes a plate heat exchanger connected to the domestic water system, used to transfer the heat of the outlet coolant to the domestic water system through the plate heat exchanger when the outlet temperature of the coolant is higher than a first temperature threshold. The medium-temperature heat utilization equipment includes a heating system interface connected to the district heating network, used to transfer the heat of the outlet coolant to the district heating network through the heating system interface when the outlet temperature of the coolant is between a second temperature threshold and a first temperature threshold. The low-temperature heat utilization equipment includes an organic Rankine cycle generator, which is used to drive the organic Rankine cycle generator to generate electricity when the outlet temperature of the coolant is lower than the second temperature threshold. Accordingly, the method further includes: Acquire external heating demand data and power generation load data, and dynamically adjust the first temperature threshold and / or the second temperature threshold based on the external heating demand data and the power generation load data.

[0079] Optionally, the method further includes: Acquire external heat demand data, wherein the external heat demand data includes the required temperature range of the heating system and the minimum inlet temperature requirement of the organic Rankine cycle generator; Obtain server load data and heat-generating component temperature data; Based on the server load data, the temperature data of the heat-generating components, and the external heat demand data, the optimal target value of the coolant outlet temperature is solved through a preset coupled optimization model. The coupled optimization model takes the temperature of the heat-generating components not exceeding a third temperature threshold as a rigid constraint and takes maximizing the waste heat recovery value as the optimization objective. The waste heat recovery value is determined based on the degree to which the solved coolant outlet temperature meets the demand temperature range and / or the minimum inlet temperature requirement. Based on the target value of the coolant outlet temperature, calculate the required coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and the coolant flow rate of the immersion liquid cooling unit, as well as the pump power distribution ratio between the pump power of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and the pump power of the immersion liquid cooling unit. The pump operating parameters of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and / or the immersion liquid cooling unit are dynamically adjusted according to the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit, the coolant flow rate of the immersion liquid cooling unit, and the pump power distribution ratio.

[0080] Optionally, the cold plate liquid cooling unit further includes at least one thermoelectric generator, which is attached to the surface of the microchannel cold plate or embedded inside the microchannel cold plate. The hot end of the thermoelectric generator is in contact with the microchannel cold plate, and the cold end is exposed to the environment or connected to an auxiliary heat dissipation structure to form a temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator. Accordingly, the method further includes: The thermoelectric generator converts the heat absorbed by the microchannel cold plate into electrical energy, and supplies the electrical energy to the sensor devices and / or the intelligent control module in the multi-stage waste heat recovery module.

[0081] Optionally, the method further includes: Real-time monitoring of the output power of the thermoelectric generator and the temperature of the heat-generating components of the server; When the output power is higher than the preset power threshold, the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit is increased to enhance heat dissipation; When the output power is lower than the preset power threshold and the temperature of the heating component is lower than the fourth temperature threshold, the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit is reduced to increase the coolant outlet temperature.

[0082] Optionally, the microchannel cold plate is provided with a plurality of needle-shaped fins arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cold plate to increase the heat exchange area between the microchannel cold plate and the coolant.

[0083] It should be noted that for other corresponding descriptions of the functional units involved in the intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery server system control method provided in this application embodiment, please refer to... Figures 1 to 3 The corresponding descriptions in the method will not be repeated here.

[0084] This application also provides a computer device, which may specifically be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc. Figure 5 As shown, the computer device includes a bus, a processor, memory, and a communication interface, and may also include an input / output interface and a display device. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database stores location information. The network interface allows communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps in the various method embodiments.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0086] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which may be non-volatile or volatile, having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0087] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0088] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.

[0089] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0090] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0091] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A server system with intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery, characterized in that, It includes a hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module, an intelligent control module, and a multi-stage waste heat recovery module. The hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module includes a cold plate type liquid cooling unit and an immersion type liquid cooling unit. The cold plate type liquid cooling unit includes a microchannel cold plate attached to the surface of the server's heat-generating component, which is used to force the coolant to circulate within the microchannel cold plate to absorb heat from the server's heat-generating component. The immersion liquid cooling unit includes a liquid cooling pool for immersing the server and a pump for driving the circulation of insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool, which is used to drive the circulation of insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool through the pump to perform overall immersion heat dissipation on the server. The intelligent control module is used to dynamically adjust the coolant flow rate in the cold plate liquid cooling unit and / or the immersion liquid cooling unit according to the acquired server load data and heat-generating component temperature data, and to send an instruction to the multi-stage waste heat recovery module to control the outlet coolant distribution path according to the acquired coolant outlet temperature of the hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module. The multi-stage waste heat recovery module is connected to the coolant outlet of the mixed liquid cooling heat dissipation module and includes multiple temperature-level heat utilization devices. It is used to distribute the outlet coolant to the corresponding temperature-level heat utilization devices for tiered utilization according to the instructions sent by the intelligent control module.

2. The server system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybrid liquid cooling heat dissipation module also includes an intelligent switching valve group, which is connected between the cold plate type liquid cooling unit and the immersion type liquid cooling unit; the intelligent control module is further used for: The server load data is acquired according to a preset sampling frequency, and the load change of the server per unit time is calculated based on the server load data as the load surge rate. When the load surge rate exceeds the first threshold, the intelligent switching valve group is controlled to increase the coolant flow of the cold plate liquid cooling unit, and a preheating command is sent to the immersion liquid cooling unit so that the immersion liquid cooling unit starts the preheating circulation of the insulating coolant in the liquid cooling pool. When the load surge rate exceeds the second threshold and the duration exceeds the preset duration, the intelligent switching valve group is controlled to switch the server's heat dissipation dominant mode from the cold plate liquid cooling unit to the immersion liquid cooling unit, so that the server is completely immersed in the liquid cooling pool and the immersion liquid cooling unit performs dominant heat dissipation, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

3. The server system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage waste heat recovery module includes high-temperature heat utilization equipment, medium-temperature heat utilization equipment and low-temperature heat utilization equipment. The high-temperature section heat utilization equipment includes a plate heat exchanger connected to the domestic water system, used to transfer the heat of the outlet coolant to the domestic water system through the plate heat exchanger when the outlet temperature of the coolant is higher than a first temperature threshold. The medium-temperature heat utilization equipment includes a heating system interface connected to the district heating network, used to transfer the heat of the outlet coolant to the district heating network through the heating system interface when the outlet temperature of the coolant is between a second temperature threshold and a first temperature threshold. The low-temperature heat utilization equipment includes an organic Rankine cycle generator, which is used to drive the organic Rankine cycle generator to generate electricity when the outlet temperature of the coolant is lower than the second temperature threshold. The intelligent control module is also used to acquire external heating demand data and power generation load data, and dynamically adjust the first temperature threshold and / or the second temperature threshold according to the external heating demand data and the power generation load data.

4. The server system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent control module is also used for: Acquire external heat demand data, wherein the external heat demand data includes the required temperature range of the heating system and the minimum inlet temperature requirement of the organic Rankine cycle generator; Obtain server load data and heat-generating component temperature data; Based on the server load data, the temperature data of the heat-generating components, and the external heat demand data, the optimal target value of the coolant outlet temperature is solved through a preset coupled optimization model. The coupled optimization model takes the temperature of the heat-generating components not exceeding a third temperature threshold as a rigid constraint and takes maximizing the waste heat recovery value as the optimization objective. The waste heat recovery value is determined based on the degree to which the solved coolant outlet temperature meets the demand temperature range and / or the minimum inlet temperature requirement. Based on the target value of the coolant outlet temperature, calculate the required coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and the coolant flow rate of the immersion liquid cooling unit, as well as the pump power distribution ratio between the pump power of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and the pump power of the immersion liquid cooling unit. The pump operating parameters of the cold plate liquid cooling unit and / or the immersion liquid cooling unit are dynamically adjusted according to the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit, the coolant flow rate of the immersion liquid cooling unit, and the pump power distribution ratio.

5. The server system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold plate type liquid cooling unit also includes at least one thermoelectric generator, which is attached to the surface of the microchannel cold plate or embedded in the microchannel cold plate. The hot end of the thermoelectric generator is in contact with the microchannel cold plate, and the cold end is exposed to the environment or connected to an auxiliary heat dissipation structure to form a temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator. The thermoelectric generator is used to convert the heat absorbed by the microchannel cold plate into electrical energy, and to supply the electrical energy to the sensor devices and / or the intelligent control module in the multi-stage waste heat recovery module.

6. The server system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intelligent control module is also used for: Real-time monitoring of the output power of the thermoelectric generator and the temperature of the heat-generating components of the server; When the output power is higher than the preset power threshold, the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit is increased to enhance heat dissipation; When the output power is lower than the preset power threshold and the temperature of the heating component is lower than the fourth temperature threshold, the coolant flow rate of the cold plate liquid cooling unit is reduced to increase the coolant outlet temperature.

7. The server system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microchannel cold plate is provided with multiple needle-shaped fins inside, which are arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cold plate to increase the heat exchange area between the microchannel cold plate and the coolant.

8. A server system control method for intelligent liquid cooling and waste heat recovery, applied to the server system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: Obtain server load data, heat-generating component temperature data, and coolant outlet temperature of the hybrid liquid cooling module; Based on the server load data and the temperature data of the heat-generating components, the coolant flow rate in the cold plate type liquid cooling unit and / or immersion liquid cooling unit is dynamically adjusted; Based on the coolant outlet temperature, an instruction is sent to the multi-stage waste heat recovery module to control the coolant distribution path, so that the multi-stage waste heat recovery module distributes the coolant to the heat utilization equipment at the corresponding temperature level for tiered utilization.

9. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method of claim 8.

10. A computer device, comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor implements the method of claim 8 when executing the computer program.

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