CdTe solar module power generation unit structure parameter collaborative design method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, specifically a method for the collaborative design of power generation unit structural parameters of cadmium telluride solar modules. The method includes: constructing a total power loss rate model that combines the ohmic heat loss rate of the transparent conductive film and the back electrode film with the area loss rate of the etched dead zone; obtaining a dynamic parameter set consisting of the module's maximum power point voltage, surface current density, the sum of the sheet resistances of the front and back electrodes, and the dead zone width; substituting these parameters into the model and obtaining the optimal effective working area width through a numerical optimization algorithm; fabricating test modules with different power generation unit widths based on this width and testing their photoelectric performance; comparing measured and theoretical data, calibrating the model or parameters, and finally determining the optimal power generation unit width for industrial production. This invention achieves precise optimization of power generation unit structural parameters, reduces total power loss, improves module conversion efficiency and mass production stability, and meets the high-efficiency, low-cost development needs of the photovoltaic industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, specifically to a method for collaborative design of the structural parameters of a cadmium telluride solar module's power generation unit. Background Technology

[0002] Cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar modules, with their outstanding advantages such as high light absorption coefficient, low manufacturing cost, strong process compatibility, and excellent low-light response, have become the mainstream technology in the thin-film photovoltaic field. They are widely used in ground-mounted photovoltaic power plants and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) scenarios, possessing strong market competitiveness. In the large-scale production of CdTe solar modules, laser scribing technology is one of the key processes. This technology can divide a large-area continuously deposited thin film into a series of series-connected power generation units, thereby increasing the module's output voltage. The width of the power generation unit, as a core structural parameter, directly determines the module's photoelectric conversion efficiency and power loss. Its design essentially balances two types of core losses: first, ohmic heat loss from the transparent conductive film; the wider the power generation unit, the longer the current transmission path in the electrodes, and the more significant the ohmic heat loss; second, the loss due to the scribing dead zone area; the smaller the width, the more scribing lines per unit area, and the larger the proportion of dead zone area that does not participate in photoelectric conversion, thus reducing the effective power generation area. Therefore, the precise design of the power generation unit width is a core element in reducing total power loss and improving module performance.

[0003] However, the design of existing cadmium telluride solar modules still faces many technical bottlenecks in the structural parameters of their power generation units, which severely restricts further improvements in module performance and the stability of industrial mass production.

[0004] First, there is a lack of quantitative loss models adapted to the characteristics of cadmium telluride materials. Existing technologies mostly use general power loss calculation methods, without customizing them for the unique electrical parameters (such as specific maximum power point voltage and surface current density) and carrier transport characteristics of cadmium telluride materials. This results in insufficient calculation accuracy of ohmic heat loss and dead zone area loss, and the theoretical calculation is out of touch with actual production conditions, failing to provide accurate support for the design of power generation unit width.

[0005] Secondly, the parameter acquisition process lacks standardization and precision; there are no unified standards for the timing of acquisition, testing methods, and data processing of core parameters used for power loss calculation; for example, the electrode sheet resistance test does not fully avoid edge effects, and the dead zone width measurement only selects a small number of test points, resulting in large errors in the acquired parameters, which further reduces the reliability of structural parameter design.

[0006] Third, the design process lacks a collaborative mechanism for theoretical and experimental calibration. Existing designs often rely on industry experience to estimate the width of power generation units (commonly ranging from 5.5mm to 7.2mm), or determine parameters solely through simple numerical calculations. They fail to conduct systematic experimental verification in conjunction with actual production processes, and lack a model calibration feedback mechanism based on measured data. This results in poor adaptability of the design results, making them unable to cope with process fluctuations on different production lines. Furthermore, it necessitates extensive trial-and-error experiments to adjust parameters, significantly increasing R&D costs and mass production cycles.

[0007] Fourth, the adaptability of the scribing process to the width of the power generation unit is insufficient. The power, speed, spot diameter and other parameters of laser scribing directly affect the dead zone width and scribing quality. Existing technology has not optimized the scribing process parameters according to the design requirements of the power generation unit width. Problems such as insufficient scribing depth leading to short circuit or excessive scribing damaging the substrate often occur. At the same time, it is impossible to guarantee the consistency of the dead zone width, which further aggravates the power loss of the module.

[0008] In summary, how to construct a quantitative model adapted to the characteristics of cadmium telluride materials, establish a precise parameter acquisition process, and form a collaborative design method that integrates theoretical modeling, parameter acquisition, numerical calculation, experimental verification, and model calibration to achieve precise optimization of the structural parameters of the power generation unit are the technical problems that urgently need to be solved in the field of cadmium telluride solar modules. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the collaborative design of power generation unit structural parameters of cadmium telluride solar modules that can accurately balance the ohmic heat loss and dead zone area loss of the front and rear electrodes, improve the adaptability of parameter design to industrial production, reduce the total power loss of the module, and steadily improve the conversion efficiency.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0011] A collaborative design method for the structural parameters of a cadmium telluride solar module's power generation unit, comprising the following specific steps:

[0012] S1, Theoretical Modeling Steps: With the goal of minimizing the total power loss rate, a total power loss rate model for cadmium telluride solar modules is constructed. The total power loss rate model is the sum of the ohmic heat loss rate of the transparent conductive film and the area loss rate of the dead zone.

[0013] S2, Parameter Acquisition Steps: Acquire a dynamic parameter set for the total power loss rate model. The dynamic parameter set includes the voltage of the component at the maximum power point. Surface current density of the component at the maximum power point The sum of the sheet resistances of the front and rear electrodes The width of the dead zone formed by the scribing lines ;

[0014] S3, Numerical Calculation Steps: Substitute the dynamic parameter set into the total power loss rate model, and calculate the optimal effective working area width using a numerical optimization algorithm, with the goal of minimizing the total power loss rate. ;

[0015] S4, Experimental Verification Steps: Based on the Optimal Effective Workspace Width Test components with different power generation unit widths were prepared, and their photoelectric performance was tested.

[0016] S5, Collaborative Determination Steps: Compare the measured performance of the test components with theoretical predictions, calibrate the total power loss rate model or dynamic parameter set, and finally determine the optimal power generation unit width for industrial production.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, a further technical solution of the present invention is:

[0018] Preferably, in step S1, the expression for the total power loss rate model is:

[0019] ;

[0020] in, The total power loss rate, This refers to the effective working area width of the power generation unit.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2, and All results were obtained by measuring the volt-ampere characteristic curves of cadmium telluride component samples under standard test conditions; The sheet resistance was obtained by using a four-probe sheet resistance tester, selecting multiple measurement points on the transparent conductive film and the back electrode and taking the average value. The average value was obtained by selecting multiple measurement points along the length of the component in the overlapping area of ​​the front electrode isolation lines, the absorption layer interconnection lines, and the back electrode isolation lines using a laser confocal microscope.

[0022] Preferably, in S3, the numerical optimization algorithm used is the gradient descent algorithm. By selecting an initial value within a preset width range and calculating the corresponding total power loss rate, the width parameter is iteratively updated step by step based on the gradient descent direction until the total power loss rate converges to a preset threshold.

[0023] Preferably, S4 includes based on The specific process for preparing cadmium telluride modules includes, in sequence:

[0024] The front electrode was fabricated by depositing a transparent conductive oxide layer on a glass substrate using LPCVD technology.

[0025] The absorption layer was prepared by depositing a cadmium telluride light-absorbing layer using a near-space sublimation process.

[0026] Back electrode fabrication: Back electrode layer is deposited using magnetron sputtering process;

[0027] Laser scribing involves sequentially scribes the front electrode isolation lines, absorption layer interconnect lines, and back electrode isolation lines using lasers of different wavelengths. The spacing of the front electrode isolation lines is determined according to... set up;

[0028] The process involves packaging and testing, including busbar soldering, lamination packaging, and junction box installation. Finally, the conversion efficiency of the components is tested under standard test conditions.

[0029] Preferably, in the laser scribing step, the front electrode isolation scribing uses a 335nm laser with a power of 1.5-2.5W and a scribing speed of 3000mm / s; the absorption layer interconnect scribing and the back electrode isolation scribing use a 532nm laser with a power of 0.5-1.2W.

[0030] Preferably, the optimal power generation unit width is determined by the collaborative design method. The thickness ranges from 4.8mm to 5.2mm.

[0031] The present invention, which adopts the above technical solution, has the following prominent features compared with the prior art:

[0032] 1. The total power loss rate model has strong specific adaptability, breaking through the limitations of general models. A total power loss rate model is constructed specifically for the characteristics of cadmium telluride materials, accurately coupling the ohmic heat loss of the transparent conductive film with the area loss of the dead zone of the scribed line, and the calculation results are more in line with the actual working conditions.

[0033] 2. Standardize parameter acquisition: By clarifying the testing methods, measurement point selection, and data processing rules for core parameters, ensure the accuracy of the dynamic parameter set and provide reliable input for numerical calculations;

[0034] 3. The collaborative design closed loop is complete, and an innovative mechanism has been formed to cover the entire process of theoretical modeling, parameter acquisition, numerical calculation, experimental verification, and model calibration. Through reverse calibration using measured data, the adaptability of the design results to industrial production has been greatly improved.

[0035] 4. The process is closely integrated, with clear matching parameters between the width of the power generation unit and key processes such as laser scribing and thin film deposition. It can be applied without the need for additional special equipment, reducing R&D and mass production costs.

[0036] 5. Significant performance improvement: The final determined optimal power generation unit width can effectively reduce the total power loss rate of the module and steadily improve the conversion efficiency, fully meeting the high-efficiency and low-cost development needs of the photovoltaic industry.

[0037] 6. The conversion cycle is effectively shortened, and the focus of the R&D stage is on battery R&D work, with core focus on , Front and rear electrodes Key parameters such as dead zone have no requirements; however, due to the actual needs of continuous production, the dead zone index needs to be closely monitored in the production process; based on this invention, accurate prediction of battery width can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the collaborative design method for the power generation unit structural parameters of the cadmium telluride solar module in this embodiment of the invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the relationship between the total power loss rate and the width of the power generation unit in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. The purpose of this illustration is solely to provide a better understanding of the invention. Therefore, the examples given do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment presents a collaborative design method for the structural parameters of the power generation unit of a cadmium telluride solar module. The specific steps are as follows:

[0042] S1, Theoretical modeling steps: With the goal of minimizing the total power loss rate, construct a total power loss rate model for cadmium telluride solar modules. The total power loss rate model is the sum of the ohmic heat loss rate of the transparent conductive film and the area loss rate of the dead zone of the scribed lines.

[0043] Derivation of Ohmic heat loss rate, within the effective operating range width of the power generation unit Within the range, current Power loss occurs due to the Ohmic effect during transmission between the front and rear electrodes. Let the effective working region length be... The current density in the region is The current generated by the power generation unit Along the width direction, the current exhibits a gradient linear distribution, starting at 0 and ending at ( The current at (location) is any position current .

[0044] The sum of the sheet resistances of the front and rear electrodes is , Due to the material's electrical conductivity and thickness Decide, Arbitrary infinitesimal resistance on the electrode .

[0045] Ohmic heat loss power .

[0046] Component output power Therefore, the ohmic heat loss rate .

[0047] Dead zone area loss rate, dead zone width is The power loss in the dead zone is proportional to the dead zone area, and the loss rate is... .

[0048] The total power loss rate model expression is:

[0049] ;

[0050] in, The total power loss rate, This refers to the effective working area width of the power generation unit.

[0051] S2, Parameter Acquisition Steps: Acquire a dynamic parameter set for the total power loss rate model. The dynamic parameter set includes the voltage of the component at the maximum power point. Surface current density of the component at the maximum power point The sum of the sheet resistances of the front and rear electrodes The width of the dead zone formed by the scribing lines .

[0052] and All results were obtained by measuring the current-voltage characteristic curves of cadmium telluride component samples under standard test conditions.

[0053] Under an irradiance of 1000 W / m², a cell temperature of 25°C, and an AM1.5 spectrum, the volt-ampere characteristic curves of the sample were tested using a solar simulator, and the maximum power point voltage was extracted. Maximum power point current The effective area of ​​the component is 0.01m², calculated as follows: / Effective area = 280A / m².

[0054] A four-probe sheet resistance tester was used to obtain the sheet resistance by averaging multiple measurement points on both the transparent conductive film and the back electrode. Specifically, five test points were evenly selected in different regions of the transparent conductive film and the metal layer of the back electrode (avoiding edge areas), and the average value was calculated after measurement. The sheet resistance of the transparent conductive film was then used. =8.2Ω / sq, back electrode sheet resistance =0.8Ω / sq, therefore 9.0Ω / sq.

[0055] Using a laser confocal microscope, multiple measurement points were selected along the module length in the overlapping area of ​​the front electrode isolation lines, absorber layer interconnect lines, and back electrode isolation lines, and the average value was taken. Specifically, the overlapping area of ​​the front electrode isolation lines (P1), absorber layer interconnect lines (P2), and back electrode isolation lines (P3) was observed. Ten measurement points were evenly selected along the module length, and each point was measured three times before the average value was taken. =250μm.

[0056] S3, Numerical Calculation Steps: Substitute the dynamic parameter set into the total power loss rate model, and calculate the optimal effective working area width using a numerical optimization algorithm, with the goal of minimizing the total power loss rate. The numerical optimization algorithm used is gradient descent. By selecting an initial value within a preset width range and calculating the corresponding total power loss rate, the width parameter is iteratively updated based on the gradient descent direction until the total power loss rate converges to a preset threshold.

[0057] For example, if the calculation range for the width of the power generation unit is set to 3mm to 10mm, and the calculation step is 0.2mm, then... , 280A / m² 9.0Ω / sq Substituting 250μm into the total power loss rate model, initial values ​​were selected within a preset width range, and the corresponding total power loss rate was calculated. The width parameter was iteratively updated based on the gradient descent direction until the total power loss rate converged to a preset threshold, yielding the η value corresponding to each width. The specific calculation results are shown in Figure 2 and Table 1.

[0058] Table 1

[0059] Battery width (mm) Dead zone loss Ohmic heat loss Power loss ratio 3 0.076923 0.00896 8.588% 3.2 0.072464 0.010194489 8.266% 3.4 0.068493 0.011508622 8.000% 3.6 0.064935 0.0129024 7.784% 3.8 0.061728 0.014375822 7.610% 4 0.058824 0.015928889 7.475% 4.2 0.05618 0.0175616 7.374% 4.4 0.053763 0.019273956 7.304% 4.6 0.051546 0.021065956 7.261% 4.8 0.049505 0.0229376 7.244% 5 0.047619 0.024888889 7.251% 5.2 0.045872 0.026919822 7.279% 5.4 0.044248 0.0290304 7.328% 5.6 0.042735 0.031220622 7.396% 5.8 0.041322 0.033490489 7.481% 6 0.04 0.03584 7.584% 6.2 0.03876 0.038269156 7.703% 6.4 0.037594 0.040777956 7.837% 6.6 0.036496 0.0433664 7.986% 6.8 0.035461 0.046034489 8.150% 7 0.034483 0.048782222 8.326% 7.2 0.033557 0.0516096 8.517% 7.4 0.03268 0.054516622 8.720% 7.6 0.031847 0.057503289 8.935% 7.8 0.031056 0.0605696 9.163% 8 0.030303 0.063715556 9.402% 8.2 0.029586 0.066941156 9.653% 8.4 0.028902 0.0702464 9.915% 8.6 0.028249 0.073631289 10.188% 8.8 0.027624 0.077095822 10.472% 9 0.027027 0.08064 10.767% 9.2 0.026455 0.084263822 11.072% 9.4 0.025907 0.087967289 11.387% 9.6 0.025381 0.0917504 11.713% 9.8 0.024876 0.095613156 12.049% 10 0.02439 0.099555556 12.395%

[0060] Calculations showed that the total power loss rate η reaches its minimum when ω = 4.8 mm, thus determining the optimal effective working area width. =4.8mm.

[0061] S4, Experimental Verification Steps: Based on the Optimal Effective Workspace Width Test components with different power generation unit widths were fabricated, and their photoelectric performance was tested. Based on The test component was fabricated with a thickness of 4.8mm. The specific fabrication process is as follows:

[0062] Front electrode fabrication: A transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer was deposited on a low-iron ultrawhite float glass substrate using LPCVD technology, with a vacuum degree of 1×10⁻⁶. -1Pa, deposition temperature 210℃, RF power 150W, precursor flux ratio SnCl4:HF:O2=1:0.05:8, total film thickness 420nm, visible light transmittance ≥85% (wavelength 400-800nm).

[0063] Absorber layer fabrication: A cadmium telluride light-absorbing layer was deposited using a near-space sublimation (CSS) process. The source material was 99.999% pure CdTe powder (particle size 500-5000 μm). The source temperature was 610℃, the substrate temperature was 390℃, the source-substrate spacing was 5 mm, the nitrogen atmosphere was 99.99% pure, the film thickness was 3.0 μm, and the light absorption coefficient was ≥10. 4 cm -1 Wavelength (400-800nm), crystallinity ≥95%.

[0064] Back electrode fabrication: A Ti / Al / Cr back electrode layer was deposited using magnetron sputtering at a vacuum level of 3×10⁻⁶. -3 Pa, sputtering power 300W, argon flow rate 50sccm, substrate temperature 200℃, film thickness 350nm, sheet resistance ≤1Ω / sq, film adhesion ≥1N / mm 2 .

[0065] Laser scribing: The front electrode isolation scribing (P1) uses a 335nm laser scribing machine with a power of 2.0W, a scribing speed of 3000mm / s, and a spot diameter of 35μm. The scribing depth penetrates the transparent conductive film without damaging the glass substrate. The scribing spacing is based on... The depth is set to 4.8mm; the interconnect lines of the absorption layer (P2) are etched using a 532nm laser etcher with a power of 0.8W, a etch speed of 3000mm / s, a spot diameter of 45μm, a etch width of 60μm, and a etch depth that penetrates the CdSe / CdTe layer without damaging the transparent conductive film; the back electrode isolation lines (P3) are etched using a 532nm laser etcher with a power of 0.7W, a etch speed of 3000mm / s, a spot diameter of 40μm, a etch width of 65μm, and a etch depth that penetrates the CdSe / CdTe / back electrode layer without damaging the transparent conductive film.

[0066] Encapsulation and Testing: A 5mm wide, 0.2mm thick tin-plated copper strip was used as the busbar. Welding was performed under ultrasonic power of 150W, a welding time of 0.8s, and a welding temperature of 220℃, with a contact resistance ≤5mΩ. Lamination encapsulation conditions were: temperature 150℃, pressure 0.15MPa, and time 20min. A waterproof photovoltaic junction box with IP65 protection was installed, with a curing time ≥30min. The photoelectric performance of the module was tested under standard test conditions.

[0067] S5, Collaborative Determination Steps: Compare the measured performance of the test components with theoretical predictions, calibrate the total power loss rate model or dynamic parameter set, and finally determine the optimal power generation unit width for industrial production.

[0068] Specifically, five sets of test modules with unit widths of 4.6mm, 4.8mm, 5.0mm, 5.2mm, and 5.4mm were prepared, and the conversion efficiency and total power loss rate of each module were tested. The test results showed that the 4.8mm wide module had a conversion efficiency of 18.3% and a total power loss rate of 8.7%; the 5.0mm wide module had a conversion efficiency of 18.4% and a total power loss rate of 8.5%, both meeting the performance requirements. After calibrating the model parameters and considering process fluctuations in industrial production, the optimal unit width was finally determined. The range is from 4.8mm to 5.2mm.

[0069] Experimental verification: Using a solar simulator (STC standard: irradiance 1000W / m², cell temperature 25℃, AM1.5 spectrum), insulation resistance tester and appearance inspection station, the components with different section widths were tested, as shown in Table 2.

[0070] Table 2

[0071] Battery width (mm) Vmpp(V) efficiency jmpp(A / m2) 4 283.50 17.61% 259.25 4.2 270.00 17.67% 260.15 4.4 257.73 17.74% 261.19 4.6 246.52 17.88% 263.29 4.8 236.25 17.91% 263.69 5 226.80 18.03% 265.39 5.2 218.08 17.93% 263.94 5.4 210.00 17.91% 263.66 5.6 202.50 17.87% 263.10 5.8 195.52 17.78% 261.84 6 189.00 17.68% 260.33 6.2 182.90 17.56% 258.58 6.4 177.19 17.43% 256.60 6.6 171.82 17.28% 254.41 6.8 166.76 17.12% 252.00 7 162.00 16.94% 249.40 7.2 157.50 16.75% 246.60

[0072] Actual testing showed that the optimal width is 5mm, which is basically consistent with the theoretical calculation.

[0073] The power generation unit width (4.8mm-5.2mm) determined by the design method of this invention has a stable conversion efficiency of ≥18.0% and a total power loss rate of ≤9%, which is 1.0-1.5 percentage points higher than the existing technology (5.5mm-7.2mm empirical width). Moreover, no new special equipment is required, and it can be directly adapted to the existing production line, significantly reducing the R&D trial and error costs and mass production cycle.

[0074] The width of the power generation unit (4.8mm-5.2mm) accommodates objective factors such as fluctuations in raw material parameters during mass production (e.g., thin film thickness deviations, batch variations in sheet resistance) and laser engraving precision tolerances (industry standards typically ≤±0.2mm), avoiding performance instability caused by process fluctuations due to a single theoretical value. Furthermore, multiple experimental verifications (testing modules with widths of 4.6mm-5.4mm) have shown that modules within the 4.8mm-5.2mm range can meet the core performance requirements of a conversion efficiency ≥18.0% and a power loss rate ≤9%. This range is also compatible with the adjustment range of existing production line equipment, enabling stable mass production without additional modifications. This width range is based on the theoretical optimal value while fully considering the practicality and compatibility for industrial applications, achieving a balance between theoretical accuracy and mass production stability.

[0075] Compared with existing technical solutions that rely on empirical values ​​(5.5-7.2mm) to set the width of the power generation unit or use a general power loss model, this embodiment highlights significant advantages through dual core breakthroughs: On the one hand, relying on the two-factor power loss quantification model specific to cadmium telluride materials, it accurately matches the unique electrical parameters of the module, such as Vmpp and jmpp, fundamentally solving the problem of poor adaptability of general models. At the same time, through a closed-loop process of "theoretical modeling - parameter acquisition - numerical calculation - experimental verification - process determination", it corrects theoretical values ​​with high-precision measured data, ensuring that the optimization results can effectively adapt to actual working conditions such as fluctuations in scribing accuracy and non-uniformity of film parameters in industrial production. On the other hand, it clarifies the synergistic parameters between the optimization of the power generation unit width and core preparation processes such as transparent conductive film CVD deposition, CdTe light absorption layer CSS deposition, and back contact layer magnetron sputtering. The final determined optimal 5mm power generation unit width can be directly achieved by adjusting the parameters of existing laser scribing equipment without the need for additional dedicated equipment, realizing seamless integration between the optimization scheme and large-scale production lines. Practical application results show that the conversion efficiency of the components using the design method of this invention is stable at ≥18.0% and the power loss rate is ≤9%, which is 1.0-1.5 percentage points higher than the existing technology. This not only breaks through the efficiency improvement bottleneck of the existing technology, but also significantly reduces the production trial and error cost, which fully meets the core development needs of the photovoltaic industry of "high efficiency and low cost".

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collaborative design of power generation unit structural parameters of a cadmium telluride solar module, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1, Theoretical Modeling Steps: With the goal of minimizing the total power loss rate, a total power loss rate model for cadmium telluride solar modules is constructed. The total power loss rate model is the sum of the ohmic heat loss rate of the transparent conductive film and the area loss rate of the dead zone. S2, Parameter Acquisition Steps: Acquire a dynamic parameter set for the total power loss rate model. The dynamic parameter set includes the voltage of the component at the maximum power point. Surface current density of the component at the maximum power point The sum of the sheet resistances of the front and rear electrodes The width of the dead zone formed by the scribing lines ; S3, Numerical Calculation Steps: Substitute the dynamic parameter set into the total power loss rate model, and calculate the optimal effective working area width using a numerical optimization algorithm, with the goal of minimizing the total power loss rate. ; S4, Experimental Verification Steps: Based on the Optimal Effective Workspace Width Test components with different power generation unit widths were prepared, and their photoelectric performance was tested. S5, Collaborative Determination Steps: Compare the measured performance of the test components with theoretical predictions, calibrate the total power loss rate model or dynamic parameter set, and finally determine the optimal power generation unit width for industrial production.

2. The method for collaborative design of power generation unit structural parameters of cadmium telluride solar modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the expression for the total power loss rate model is: ； in, The total power loss rate, This refers to the effective working area width of the power generation unit.

3. The method for collaborative design of power generation unit structural parameters of cadmium telluride solar modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, and All results were obtained by measuring the volt-ampere characteristic curves of cadmium telluride component samples under standard test conditions; The sheet resistance was obtained by using a four-probe sheet resistance tester, selecting multiple measurement points on the transparent conductive film and the back electrode and taking the average value. The average value was obtained by selecting multiple measurement points along the length of the component in the overlapping area of ​​the front electrode isolation lines, the absorption layer interconnection lines, and the back electrode isolation lines using a laser confocal microscope.

4. The method for collaborative design of power generation unit structural parameters of cadmium telluride solar modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the numerical optimization algorithm used is the gradient descent algorithm. By selecting an initial value within a preset width range and calculating the corresponding total power loss rate, the width parameter is iteratively updated step by step based on the gradient descent direction until the total power loss rate converges to the preset threshold.

5. The method for collaborative design of power generation unit structural parameters of cadmium telluride solar modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: S4 includes based on The specific process for preparing cadmium telluride modules includes, in sequence: The front electrode was fabricated by depositing a transparent conductive oxide layer on a glass substrate using LPCVD technology. The absorption layer was prepared by depositing a cadmium telluride light-absorbing layer using a near-space sublimation process. Back electrode fabrication: Back electrode layer is deposited using magnetron sputtering process; Laser scribing involves sequentially scribes the front electrode isolation lines, absorption layer interconnect lines, and back electrode isolation lines using lasers of different wavelengths. The spacing of the front electrode isolation lines is determined according to... set up; The process involves packaging and testing, including busbar soldering, lamination packaging, and junction box installation. Finally, the conversion efficiency of the components is tested under standard test conditions.

6. The method for collaborative design of power generation unit structural parameters of cadmium telluride solar modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the laser scribing process, the front electrode isolation scribing uses a 335nm laser with a power of 1.5-2.5W and a scribing speed of 3000mm / s; the absorption layer interconnect scribing and the back electrode isolation scribing use a 532nm laser with a power of 0.5-1.2W.

7. The method for collaborative design of power generation unit structural parameters of cadmium telluride solar modules according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Optimal power generation unit width determined by collaborative design method The thickness ranges from 4.8mm to 5.2mm.

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