A phase shifter assembly, chip and mobile terminal

Abstract

This application provides a phase shifter assembly, a chip, and a mobile terminal. The phase shifter assembly includes a first coupler and a first phase shifter unit. The first coupler includes a first input terminal, a first isolation terminal, a first through terminal, and a first coupling terminal. In this application, the first input terminal is used for transmitting and / or receiving a first radio frequency signal, the first isolation terminal is used for transmitting and / or receiving a second radio frequency signal, and the first through terminal is coupled to the first phase shifter unit. When applied to a mobile terminal, this phase shifter assembly can adjust the phase difference between signals transmitted from two different radiators using the first coupler and the first phase shifter unit. This is beneficial for increasing the diversity of the signal phase difference between the two radiators, thereby achieving beamforming by increasing the diversity of the radiation pattern of the mobile terminal. This is beneficial for improving the gain of the radiation pattern and increasing the beamwidth, thereby improving the communication performance of the mobile terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a phase shifter assembly, a chip, and a mobile terminal. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and the widespread use of smartphones, people have increasingly higher requirements for mobile terminals, especially for their communication capabilities.

[0003] Antenna systems are a crucial component for mobile terminal communication, and antenna patterns are one of the factors affecting the communication connection speed and stability of antenna systems. Beamforming is a technique that utilizes complementary antenna patterns to improve beam coverage and beam gain. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in anti-interference and anti-channel fading. Therefore, it is urgent to enable mobile terminals to utilize the diversity of antenna patterns to achieve beamforming. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a phase shifter component, a chip, and a mobile terminal, enabling the mobile terminal to utilize the diversity of radiation patterns to achieve beamforming, thereby improving the communication performance of the mobile terminal.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a phase shifter assembly, which includes a first coupler and a first phase shifter unit. The first coupler includes a first input terminal, a first isolation terminal, a first through terminal, and a first coupling terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the first through terminal and the first coupling terminal, and the first isolation terminal is connected to the first through terminal and the first coupling terminal. Additionally, the first through terminal is coupled to the first phase shifter unit. In this application, the first input terminal is used for transmitting and / or receiving a first radio frequency signal, while the first isolation terminal is used for transmitting and / or receiving a second radio frequency signal. When the phase shifter assembly provided in this application is applied to a mobile terminal, the first through end and the first coupling end of the first coupler can be coupled to two different radiators. Since both the first coupler and the first phase shifter unit can be used to adjust the signal phase, the phase of the radio frequency signals received and / or transmitted by the two different radiators can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the phase difference of the transmitted signals of the two radiators. This is beneficial to improving the diversity of the signal phase difference between the two radiators, thereby improving the diversity of the radiation pattern of the mobile terminal, and thus achieving beamforming. This is beneficial to improving the gain of the radiation pattern and increasing the beamwidth, thereby improving the communication performance of the mobile terminal.

[0006] Furthermore, since both the first input terminal and the first isolation terminal of the first coupler can be used for transmitting and / or receiving radio frequency signals in this application, the phase shifter assembly can provide two ports for radio frequency signal transmission, thereby supporting the usage requirements of various signal transmission scenarios such as 1T1R, 1T2R and 2T2R, and thus its application scenarios are relatively wide.

[0007] Typically, the first coupler itself provides a phase to the signal, creating a signal phase difference between the first through-end and the first coupled end; for example, the signal phase difference between the first through-end and the first coupled end is 90°. This increases the number of phase difference states of the signals transmitted by the two different radiators coupled to the first through-end and the first coupled end, thereby improving the resolution of the phase shifter assembly.

[0008] In one possible implementation of this application, the phase shifter assembly further includes a second phase shifter unit, with the first coupling terminal coupled to the second phase shifter unit. This allows the two phase shifter units to adjust the phase of the signals transmitted by the two radiators used for beamforming, thereby increasing the number of phase difference states of the signals transmitted by the two radiators. This is beneficial for improving the diversity of the radiation pattern, and consequently, for increasing the gain of the radiation pattern and the beamwidth.

[0009] This application does not limit the specific configuration of each phase shifter unit. For example, in one possible implementation, the first phase shifter unit includes a first reflective phase shifter. The first reflective phase shifter includes a coupled second coupler and a first impedance adjustment circuit. The second coupler includes a second input terminal coupled to a first through terminal. Additionally, the second reflective phase shifter includes a coupled third coupler and a second impedance adjustment circuit. The third coupler includes a third input terminal coupled to the first coupling terminal. Since the impedance adjustment circuit in the reflective phase shifter can adjust at least one of the capacitance and inductance values ​​to change the signal phase between the input and output terminals of the coupler, thereby enabling multi-phase state switching, it is beneficial for improving the resolution of the phase shifter assembly.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the second coupler further includes a second output terminal, and the third coupler further includes a third output terminal. When the first impedance adjustment circuit is in the first state and the second impedance adjustment circuit is in the second state, the signal phase difference between the second and third output terminals is a first phase difference. When the first impedance adjustment circuit is in the third state and the second impedance adjustment circuit is in the fourth state, the signal phase difference between the second and third output terminals is a second phase difference, which is different from the first phase difference. Therefore, by using the phase shifter component provided in this application, the signal phase difference between the second and third output terminals can be switched, which helps reduce insertion loss and thus improves the gain of beamforming achieved by utilizing the diversity of radiation patterns.

[0011] In one possible implementation of this application, the second coupler further includes a second through-terminal and a second coupling terminal. The second input terminal is coupled to both the second through-terminal and the second coupling terminal, and the second output terminal is coupled to both the second through-terminal and the second coupling terminal. The aforementioned first impedance adjustment circuit is coupled to both the second through-terminal and the second coupling terminal, and is used to adjust either the equivalent capacitance or inductance value of the second through-terminal, and also to adjust either the equivalent capacitance or inductance value of the second coupling terminal. This allows for the adjustment of the phase of the signal transmitted through the second coupler.

[0012] Furthermore, in the specific configuration of the first impedance adjustment circuit, it may include a first adjustment component and a second adjustment component. The second through terminal is connected to the first adjustment component, and the second coupling terminal is connected to the second adjustment component. The first adjustment component is either a capacitor component or an inductor component, and the second adjustment component is either a capacitor component or an inductor component, and both components include the same type of components. That is, when the first adjustment component is a capacitor component, the second adjustment component is also a capacitor component, and when the first adjustment component is an inductor component, the second adjustment component is also an inductor component. This allows the equivalent capacitance or inductance values ​​of the second through terminal and the second coupling terminal to be adjusted synchronously through the first and second adjustment components, thereby achieving phase adjustment of the signal transmitted through the second coupler.

[0013] Similarly, in this application, the third coupler further includes a third through terminal and a third coupling terminal, with a third input terminal connected to both the third through terminal and the third coupling terminal, and a third output terminal connected to both the third through terminal and the third coupling terminal. A second impedance adjustment circuit is coupled to the third through terminal and the third coupling terminal, and is used to adjust either the equivalent capacitance or inductance value of the third through terminal, and also to adjust either the equivalent capacitance or inductance value of the third coupling terminal. This allows for the adjustment of the phase of the signal transmitted through the third coupler.

[0014] In one possible implementation of this application, the first impedance adjustment circuit may exemplary include at least one of a capacitor, an inductor, a variable capacitor, or a varactor diode. Similarly, the second impedance adjustment circuit may exemplary include at least one of a capacitor, an inductor, a variable capacitor, or a varactor diode. It is understood that the types and numbers of devices included in the first and second impedance adjustment circuits may be the same or different, and are not limited thereto in this application.

[0015] Secondly, this application also provides a phase shifter assembly, which includes a first phase shifter unit and a second phase shifter unit. The first phase shifter unit includes a first reflective phase shifter, which includes a coupled second coupler and a first impedance adjustment circuit. The second coupler includes a second input terminal and a second output terminal, and the first impedance adjustment circuit is used to adjust the signal phase between the second output terminals. The second phase shifter unit is arranged similarly to the first phase shifter unit. Specifically, the second phase shifter unit includes a second reflective phase shifter, which includes a coupled third coupler and a second impedance adjustment circuit. The third coupler includes a third input terminal and a third output terminal, and the second impedance adjustment circuit is used to adjust the signal phase between the third output terminals. When the phase shifter assembly provided in this application is applied to a mobile terminal, the second output terminal of the second coupler and the third output terminal of the third coupler can be coupled to a radiator respectively. Since each phase shifter unit can use an impedance adjustment circuit to adjust the signal phase between the input and output terminals of the corresponding coupler, it is beneficial to increase the diversity of the signal phase difference between the second and third output terminals, thereby improving the diversity of the radiation pattern of the mobile terminal and realizing beamforming. This is beneficial to improving the gain of the radiation pattern and increasing the beamwidth, thereby improving the communication performance of the mobile terminal.

[0016] Furthermore, since the second input terminal of the second coupler and the third input terminal of the third coupler in this phase shifter assembly are both used to transmit and / or receive the first radio frequency signal through the first radio frequency signal port, the phase shifter assembly can provide a port for radio frequency signal transmission, thereby enabling it to meet the usage requirements of application scenarios with only one radio frequency signal transmission port.

[0017] In this application, the first radio frequency signal port can be configured in various ways. For example, in one possible implementation, the phase shifter assembly further includes a power divider, which includes a first input port, a first output port, and a second output port. The first input port can be used as a first radio frequency signal transmission port for transmitting the first radio frequency signal. Additionally, the first output port is coupled to the second input port, and the second output port is coupled to the third input port, thereby coupling the second and third couplers to the first radio frequency signal transmission port. This allows the second coupler to be used for transmitting and / or receiving the first radio frequency signal, and the third coupler to be used for transmitting and / or receiving the first radio frequency signal.

[0018] In another possible implementation of this application, the phase shifter assembly further includes a first coupler. The first coupler includes a first input terminal, a first isolation terminal, a first through terminal, and a first coupling terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the first through terminal and the first coupling terminal, and the first isolation terminal is connected to the first through terminal and the first coupling terminal. In this implementation, the first input terminal can be used as a first radio frequency signal transmission port, while the first isolation terminal is coupled to the ground via a load. Additionally, the first through terminal is coupled to the second input terminal, and the first coupling terminal is coupled to the third input terminal, thereby achieving coupling between the second coupler and the third coupler and the first radio frequency signal transmission port. This allows the second coupler to be used for transmitting and / or receiving the first radio frequency signal, and the third coupler to be used for transmitting and / or receiving the first radio frequency signal.

[0019] Thirdly, this application also provides a mobile terminal, which includes a radio frequency (RF) chip, a first radiator, a second radiator, and a phase shifter assembly (either the first or second aspect). The RF chip is coupled to the phase shifter assembly. The RF chip includes a first port for transmitting and / or receiving a first RF signal through the phase shifter assembly and the first radiator, and for transmitting and / or receiving the first RF signal through the phase shifter assembly and the second radiator. The phase shifter assembly is used to adjust the phase difference between the first RF signals transmitted and / or received by the first radiator and the second radiator. In the mobile terminal provided by this application, switching the phase difference between the first RF signals transmitted and / or received by the first radiator and the second radiator through the phase shifter assembly is beneficial for improving the diversity of the signal phase differences between the two radiators. This can improve the diversity of the radiation pattern of the mobile terminal, thereby achieving beamforming. This is beneficial for improving the gain of the radiation pattern and increasing the beamwidth, thus improving the communication performance of the mobile terminal.

[0020] In one possible implementation of this application, the radio frequency chip further includes a second port. The second port is used to transmit and / or receive a second radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the first radiator, and is also used to transmit and / or receive the second radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the second radiator. The phase shifter assembly is further used to adjust the phase difference between the second radio frequency signal transmitted and / or received by the first radiator and the second radiator. This can meet the usage requirements of various signal transmission scenarios in mobile terminals, such as 1T1R, 1T2R, and 2T2R, thus its application scenarios are quite wide.

[0021] In another specific implementation of this application, the first port of the RF chip forms a first antenna with a first radiator and a second radiator via a phase shifter assembly, and the second port of the RF chip forms a second antenna with the first radiator and the second radiator via a phase shifter assembly. The first antenna is a transmit / receive antenna, and the second antenna is a receive antenna. This satisfies the signal transmission requirements of a 1T2R mobile terminal. Furthermore, by employing the phase shifter assembly provided in this application, the mobile terminal can utilize the diversity of radiation patterns to achieve beamforming, which is beneficial for improving the communication performance of the mobile terminal in a 1T2R signal transmission scenario.

[0022] In one possible implementation of this application, the first radio frequency signal includes a signal in a first frequency band, wherein the first frequency band includes a satellite communication frequency band. Therefore, adopting the solution provided in this application is beneficial to improving the satellite communication performance of the mobile terminal.

[0023] To further enhance the diversity of radiation patterns in mobile terminals, in one possible implementation of this application, the mobile terminal also includes a switching switch. The phase shifter assembly is coupled to a first radiator and a second radiator via the switching switch. When the switching switch is in a first switching state, the first and second radiators together form a first radiation pattern. When the switching switch is in a second switching state, the first and second radiators together form a second radiation pattern. In other words, in this implementation, the switching switch can be used to switch the radiation pattern, which not only enhances the diversity of radiation patterns but also simplifies the structure of the phase shifter assembly and reduces its design complexity.

[0024] In one possible implementation of this application, the minimum spacing d between the first radiator and the second radiator satisfies: (1 / 4)×λ0≤λ0, where λ0 is the vacuum wavelength of the signal transmitted and / or received by the first and second radiators. This allows the first and second radiators to meet the beamforming design requirements, thereby improving gain.

[0025] Fourthly, this application also provides a chip including a housing, a second coupler, and a third coupler, located within the housing. The second coupler includes a second output terminal, and the third coupler includes a third output terminal. Additionally, the housing includes a first output port and a second output port, with the second output terminal connected to the first output port. The first output port is used to transmit and / or receive a first radio frequency signal of a first phase. The third output terminal is connected to the second output port, which is used to transmit and / or receive a first radio frequency signal of a second phase, wherein the first phase and the second phase are different. Therefore, the chip provided by this application can be used in radio frequency links that provide radio frequency signals of different phases to different radiators. This modular design facilitates greater design freedom for the radio frequency link.

[0026] In one possible implementation of this application, the chip further includes a power divider located within the housing. The power divider includes a first input port, a first output port, and a second output port. A second coupler further includes a second input terminal, and a third coupler further includes a third input terminal. The first output port is coupled to the second input terminal, and the second output port is coupled to the third input terminal. Additionally, the housing includes a first input port connected to the first input port, and the first input port is used for transmitting and / or receiving the aforementioned first radio frequency signal. This implementation provides a single port for radio frequency signal transmission, thus meeting the requirements of applications with only one radio frequency signal transmission port.

[0027] In another possible implementation of this application, the chip further includes a first coupler located within the housing. The first coupler includes a first input terminal, a first isolation terminal, a first through terminal, and a first coupling terminal. The second coupler also includes a second input terminal, and the third coupler also includes a third input terminal. The first through terminal is coupled to the second input terminal, and the first coupling terminal is coupled to the third input terminal. Additionally, the housing includes a first input port and a second input port. The first input port is coupled to the first input terminal and is used for transmitting and / or receiving a first radio frequency signal. The second input port is coupled to the first isolation terminal and can be used for transmitting and / or receiving a second radio frequency signal. In this implementation, the chip can provide two ports for radio frequency signal transmission, thereby supporting the usage requirements of various signal transmission scenarios and having a wide range of applications.

[0028] In another possible implementation, the first input port is used for transmitting and / or receiving a first radio frequency signal, while the second input port can also be used for coupling to the ground via a load. This allows the chip to provide a port for radio frequency signal transmission, thereby meeting the usage requirements of applications with only one radio frequency signal transmission port. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating satellite communication of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figures 2a to 2d A schematic diagram of the radiation pattern of a mobile terminal performing satellite communication in several application scenarios, as provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the design principle of beamforming for an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a phase shifter assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows an application of the phase shifter assembly in an antenna system.

[0035] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of a reflective phase shifter.

[0036] Figure 7b A schematic diagram of a single-path phase-shifting power divider network;

[0037] Figure 7c for Figure 7b The diagram shows the adjustment range of the phase difference of signals at different frequencies by the power divider phase shifter network shown.

[0038] Figure 8a A schematic diagram of a dual-path phase-shifting power divider network;

[0039] Figure 8b for Figure 8a The diagram shows the adjustment range of the phase difference of signals at different frequencies by the power divider phase shifter network shown.

[0040] Figure 9 Another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the adjustment range of the phase difference of the phase shifter assembly for signals at different frequencies.

[0042] Figure 11a Another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 11bAnother schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 11c Another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 12 Another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 13 Another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 14 Another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 15 Another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of a chip provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 17 Applications provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 16 A schematic diagram of a phase shifter assembly of the chip shown;

[0051] Figure 18 Applications provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 16 Another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly of the chip shown;

[0052] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another chip structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of another chip structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of another chip structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 22 A schematic diagram of a satellite antenna system for a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 23 for Figure 22 The radiation pattern shown is a composite pattern of the first and second satellite antenna patterns under different signal phase differences.

[0057] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of a 1.75GHz cellular antenna system for a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 25 for Figure 24 The radiation pattern of the composite antenna formed by the first and second cellular antennas in the antenna system shown.

[0059] Figure 26 Another schematic diagram of the antenna system of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 27a This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 27b This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 28 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0063] Figure label:

[0064] 100 - Cover plate; 200 - Display screen / module; 300 - Printed circuit board; 400 - Mid-frame; 500 - Back cover; 600 - Bezel;

[0065] 10 - Power divider phase shifter network; 20 - First trace; 30 - Second trace; 401 - First radiator; 402 - First matching circuit;

[0066] 501 - Second radiator; 502 - Second matching circuit;

[0067] 1-Phase shifter assembly; 101-First coupler; 1011-First input terminal; 1012-First isolation terminal; 1013-First through terminal;

[0068] 1014 - First coupling terminal; 102 - First phase shifter unit; 1021 - First reflective phase shifter; 10211 - Second coupler;

[0069] 102111 - Second input terminal; 102112 - Second output terminal; 102113 - Second through terminal; 102114 - Second coupling terminal;

[0070] 10212 - First impedance adjustment circuit; 102121 - First radio frequency switch; 102122 - First capacitor component assembly; 102123 - First inductor component;

[0071] 102124 - Second RF switch; 102125 - Second capacitor component assembly; 102126 - Second inductor component assembly;

[0072] 102127 - Double-pole double-throw switch; 103 - Second phase shifter unit; 1031 - Second reflective phase shifter; 10311 - Third coupler;

[0073] 103111 - Third input terminal; 103112 - Third output terminal; 103113 - Third through terminal; 103114 - Third coupling terminal;

[0074] 10312 - Second impedance adjustment circuit; 104 - Housing; 1041 - First input port; 1042 - Second input port; 1043 - First output port;

[0075] 1044 - Second output port; 1045 - Third output port; 1046 - Fourth output port; 1047 - Fifth output port;

[0076] 1048 - Sixth output port; 105 - First RF signal transmission port;

[0077] 2-RF chip; 201-First port; 202-Second port; 2a-Satellite RF chip; 2b-Cellular RF chip;

[0078] 3-Reflective phase shifter; 301-Coupler; 302-Impedance adjustment circuit; 4-Power divider; 41-First input port; 42-First output port;

[0079] 43 - Second output port;

[0080] 5 - First satellite antenna; 51 - Radiator of the first satellite antenna; 6 - Second satellite antenna; 61 - Radiator of the second satellite antenna;

[0081] 7-First cellular antenna; 71-Radiator of the first cellular antenna; 8-Second cellular antenna; 81-Radiator of the second cellular antenna;

[0082] 9-Change switch; 11-Tuning device; 12-Load. Detailed Implementation

[0083] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the figures denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. The terms expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of this application are illustrative based on the accompanying drawings, but changes can be made as needed, and all such changes are included within the scope of protection of this application. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application are only for illustrating relative positional relationships and do not represent actual scale.

[0084] It should be noted that specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate understanding of this application. However, the embodiments of this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0085] The following explains the terms that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0086] Radiator: In an antenna, this is the device used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the term "antenna" is narrowly defined as a radiator, which converts guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via a feed line, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via a feed line.

[0087] Ground / Plug: This can broadly refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within a mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground / Plug" can be used for grounding components within the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, "Ground / Plug" may include any one or more of the following: a grounding layer of the mobile terminal's circuit board, a ground plane formed by the mobile terminal's frame, a grounding metal layer formed by a thin metal film beneath the screen, a conductive grounding layer of the battery, and conductive or metallic components electrically connected to the aforementioned grounding layer / ground plane / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as glass fiber or polymers.

[0088] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0089] Radio frequency (RF) chips are a combination of all components used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency waves. They can be considered to include the RF front end and the transceiver. In the case of a receiving antenna, the RF chip can be considered the antenna section from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the RF chip can be seen as the section after the last power amplifier. In some cases, the RF chip can also be understood as the feed unit. Typically, it is considered part of the antenna system, used to convert radio waves into electrical signals and vice versa. Antenna design should consider the maximum power transfer capability and efficiency. For this purpose, the antenna feed impedance must be matched to the load resistance. The antenna feed impedance is a combination of resistance, capacitance, and inductance. To ensure maximum power transfer conditions, the two impedances (load resistance and feed impedance) should be matched. This matching can be achieved by considering frequency requirements and antenna design parameters such as gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency.

[0090] In some contexts, the term "power supply / feeding circuit" narrowly refers to a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC). A power supply circuit converts radio waves (e.g., RF signals) into electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). It is typically considered part of the RF component.

[0091] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (or, RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuitry or the radiator of the antenna. The RF front-end circuitry can be considered as the circuitry coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0092] In some embodiments, the radio frequency front-end circuit can be integrated into a radio frequency front-end chip in an electronic device, or the radio frequency front-end circuit and the transceiver can be integrated into a radio frequency chip in an electronic device.

[0093] It should be understood that any two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application can share the same transceiver, for example, by transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel (e.g., a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip) in a transceiver; they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, by processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0094] It should also be understood that the two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application typically correspond to two RF test sockets in an electronic device.

[0095] Feed line: Also called a transmission line, it refers to the connection line between the antenna's radio frequency chip and the radiator. Depending on the frequency and form, the transmission line can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves. The connection point on the radiator where it connects to the transmission line is usually called the feed point. Transmission lines include conductive transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines. Depending on the implementation, transmission lines can include bracket antenna bodies or glass antenna bodies. Depending on the carrier, transmission lines can be made of liquid crystal polymer (LCP), flexible printed circuit boards (FPC), or printed circuit boards (PCBs).

[0096] Resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range where the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The point of strongest resonance can be called the resonant point, and the frequency corresponding to the resonant point is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, when the antenna / radiator in this application generates "first / second...resonance," the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to a specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.

[0097] Resonant frequency band: The range of resonant frequencies is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristics at any frequency point within the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0098] Communication / Operating Frequency Band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, its operating frequency band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band. The width of the operating frequency band is called the operating bandwidth. The operating bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The operating bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5-10% of the center frequency. Bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (e.g., the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable range of the center frequency.

[0099] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band can be the same or different, or their frequency ranges can partially overlap. In one embodiment, the resonant frequency band of the antenna can cover multiple operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0100] Antenna radiation pattern: also known as radiation pattern. It refers to the graph showing how the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiated field changes with direction at a certain distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular planar radiation patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

[0101] Antenna radiation patterns typically have multiple radiating beams. The beam with the highest radiating intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining beams are called side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction to the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0102] Radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. The active power input to the antenna equals the antenna's input power minus the power loss. Power loss mainly includes return loss power, ohmic loss power of the metal, and / or dielectric loss power. Both metal loss and dielectric loss are factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will understand that radiation efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the radiation efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0104] dB: This stands for decibel, a logarithmic concept with base 10. Decibels are used to evaluate the proportional relationship between two physical quantities; they themselves have no physical dimensions. For every 10-fold increase in the ratio between two quantities, their difference can be expressed as 10 decibels. For example: A = 100, B = 10, C = 5, D = 1, then A / D = 20 dB; B / D = 10 dB; C / D = 7 dB; B / C = 3 dB. In other words, a 10-decibel difference between two quantities is a 10-fold difference, a 20-decibel difference is a 100-fold difference, and so on. A 3-decibel difference is a 2-fold difference between the two quantities.

[0105] The term "end" in the context of the main radiator's first / second / third / fourth / grounded / open ends should not be narrowly interpreted as a point or end physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also refer to a segment of the main radiator including the first endpoint, which is the endpoint of the main radiator at the gap. For example, the first end of the main radiator can be considered a segment of the main radiator within a range of one-eighth of a first wavelength from the first endpoint. The first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the main radiator, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point. In one embodiment, "end / point" can include a connection / coupling region on the radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, a feed end / feed point can be a coupling region on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a feed structure (e.g., a region facing a part of the feed structure). Similarly, a ground end / grounding point can be a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a ground structure.

[0106] Open and Closed Terminals: In some embodiments, open and closed terminals are defined relative to whether or not they are grounded; the closed terminal is grounded, and the open terminal is not grounded. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as a floating terminal, a free terminal, an open terminal, or an open-circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a grounded terminal or a short-circuit terminal. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open terminal to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0107] In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors, with the closed end electrically connected to other conductors and the open end not electrically connected to other conductors.

[0108] To put it simply, the "open end" of a radiator can be defined as one end of the radiator that is spaced apart from the floor or coupled to the floor through a capacitive device.

[0109] To put it simply, the "grounding terminal" of a radiator can be understood as: if one end of the radiator is directly connected to the floor or coupled to the floor through an inductive device, it can be regarded as the grounding terminal of the radiator.

[0110] In some embodiments, the understanding of "closed end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. A closed end or ground end can be understood as a point of high current or low electric field on a radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., inductive devices) through a closed end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field. In one embodiment, opening a slit at or near the closed end (e.g., filling the slit with insulating material) can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field.

[0111] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open terminal" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. An open terminal or a floating terminal can be understood as a point with a small current or a point with a large electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., capacitive devices) through an open terminal can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point with a small current or a large electric field.

[0112] It should be understood that when an electronic device (e.g., capacitor, inductor, etc.) is coupled at the radiator end of a gap (which, from the perspective of the radiator's structure, resembles a radiator at the opening of an open or suspended end), the radiator end can be a point with a large current / small electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0113] Capacitance: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance includes capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) includes the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0114] Coupling: In this application, it can be understood as indirect coupling, and "coupled connection" can be understood as indirect coupling connection. "Indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors conducting electricity through a gap / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0115] To facilitate understanding of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application, its application scenarios will be introduced first below.

[0116] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating satellite communication of a mobile terminal provided in this application embodiment, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, satellite communication belongs to non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication and can be used to communicate with mobile terminals. Compared with terrestrial communication, satellite communication can provide a wider coverage area. It is particularly useful for areas with few or no cellular communication base stations. Based on the satellite's orbital altitude, satellite communication systems can be divided into three types: geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite communication systems (also called synchronous orbit communication satellites), medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite communication systems, and low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems. GEO satellites orbit at an altitude of 35,786 km, and their main advantage is that they remain relatively stationary relative to the ground and provide a large coverage area. MEO satellites orbit at altitudes between 2,000 and 35,786 km, and their advantage is that global coverage can be achieved with a relatively small number of satellites. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of MEO satellite communication, it is currently mainly used for positioning and navigation. LEO satellites orbit at altitudes ranging from 300 to 2000 km. Compared to MEO and GEO satellites, LEO satellites orbit at lower altitudes, resulting in advantages such as lower data propagation delay, lower transmission loss, and relatively lower launch costs.

[0117] To enable communication with communication satellites, mobile terminals are equipped with satellite antennas. These antennas receive and transmit electromagnetic waves; specifically, they receive electromagnetic waves from communication satellites or transmit electromagnetic waves to them. In other words, the satellite antenna transmits electromagnetic waves with the communication satellite, thus enabling the mobile terminal's satellite communication function. However, the signal beam of a satellite antenna has a certain directionality. Furthermore, to meet the communication requirements of different application scenarios, the required direction of the satellite antenna beam varies for mobile terminals. For example, in… Figure 2a In the application scenarios shown, such as text messaging and voice calls, where low-speed signal transmission requires less gain from the satellite antenna, the antenna's radiation pattern can be designed with a wide beam to improve the satellite viewing experience. Another example is... Figure 2b In applications such as data internet access and high-speed signal transmission, the gain requirement for satellite antennas is high. Therefore, the radiation pattern of the satellite antenna is designed as a high-gain beam to improve communication speed. For example, in... Figure 2c In the satellite paging scenario shown, designing the satellite antenna's radiation pattern to provide 360° omnidirectional beam coverage helps ensure seamless call connection. And... Figure 2d As shown in the scenario of star level, designing the radiation pattern of the satellite antenna as a high-gain beam helps to improve communication performance and user experience.

[0118] Figure 3 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, a mobile phone is used as an example for explanation. Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the mobile terminal includes a cover 100, a display / module 200, a printed circuit board (PCB) 300, a middle frame 400, and a rear cover 500. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 100 may be a glass cover, or it may be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) cover, etc. In one embodiment, the cover 100, display 200, middle frame 400, and rear cover 500 can all be considered as part of the housing.

[0119] The cover plate 100 can be set close to the display screen 200, and can be mainly used to protect the display screen 200 from dust.

[0120] In one embodiment, the display screen 200 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0121] The 400mm mid-frame primarily serves to support the entire machine. Figure 3 The diagram shows PCB 300 positioned between the mid-frame 400 and the back cover 500. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 300 may also be positioned between the mid-frame 400 and the display screen 200; this application does not impose any limitations on this. PCB 300 may be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric substrate, Rogers dielectric substrate, or a hybrid dielectric substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric substrate is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are mounted on PCB 300.

[0122] In one embodiment, a metal layer may be disposed on the PCB 300. This metal layer can be used to ground electronic components carried on the PCB 300, or to ground other components such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer may be referred to as a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any layer of the dielectric substrate in the PCB 300. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer may be disposed on the side of the PCB 300 near the middle frame 400. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 300 can be considered as the edge of its grounding layer. In one embodiment, the metal middle frame 400 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The mobile terminal may also have other ground planes / grounding plates, as previously described, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] Mobile terminals may also include batteries ( Figure 3 (Not shown in the image). The battery may be located between the middle frame 400 and the back cover 500, or between the middle frame 400 and the display screen 200; this application does not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 300 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be located between the motherboard and the daughterboard. Specifically, the motherboard may be located between the middle frame 400 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be located between the middle frame 400 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0124] The mobile terminal may also include a frame 600, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 600 may be disposed between the display screen 200 and the back cover 500 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the mobile terminal. The frame 600 may have four sides surrounding the display screen 200 to help secure the display screen 200. In one implementation, the frame 600 made of metal can be directly used as the metal frame of the mobile terminal, forming a metal frame appearance suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 600 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, forming a non-metallic frame appearance suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0125] The mid-frame 400 may include a border 600. The mid-frame 400, including the border 600, is a single unit that supports the electronic components within the device. The cover plate 100 and the rear cover 500 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the border 600 to form the outer shell or housing of the mobile terminal. Alternatively, the border 600 may not be considered part of the mid-frame 400. In one embodiment, the border 600 may be connected to the mid-frame 400 and integrally formed. In another embodiment, the border 600 may include inwardly extending protrusions to connect with the mid-frame 400, for example, via spring clips, screws, welding, etc. In one embodiment, the cover plate 100, the rear cover 500, the border 600, and the mid-frame 400 may be collectively referred to as the outer shell or housing of the mobile terminal. It should be understood that "outer shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 100, rear cover 500, frame 600 or middle frame 400, or to part or all of any combination of the cover plate 100, rear cover 500, frame 600 or middle frame 400.

[0126] The back cover 500 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive materials, such as glass or plastic; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials.

[0127] In one embodiment, the frame 600 can at least partially function as a radiator to transmit / receive radio frequency signals. This portion of the frame acting as the radiator may have gaps between itself and other parts of the middle frame 400, or between itself and the middle frame 400, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the radiator. In one embodiment, an aperture may be provided near this portion of the frame acting as the radiator. In one embodiment, the aperture may include an aperture disposed inside the mobile terminal, for example, an aperture not visible from the exterior of the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the internal aperture may be formed by any one or multiple of the middle frame 400, battery, PCB 300, back cover 500, display screen 200, and other internal conductive components; for example, the internal aperture may be formed by a structural component of the middle frame 400. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a gap / slit / opening on the frame 600. In one embodiment, the gap / slit / opening on the frame 600 may be a slit formed on the frame 600, at which the frame 600 is divided into two parts without a direct connection. In one embodiment, the aperture may further include a slit / gap / aperture provided on the back cover 500 or the display screen 200. In one embodiment, the back cover 500 includes a conductive material, and the aperture provided in the conductive material may communicate with a slit or gap in the frame to form a continuous aperture on the surface of the mobile terminal.

[0128] In one embodiment, the radiator of the mobile terminal may also be disposed within the frame 600. The frame 600 comprises a non-conductive material, and the radiator of the antenna may be located within the mobile terminal and disposed along the frame 600, or the radiator may be at least partially embedded within the non-conductive material of the frame. In one embodiment, the radiator is disposed close to the non-conductive material of the frame 600 to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and to be closer to the outside of the mobile terminal, thereby achieving better signal transmission performance. It should be noted that "disposed close to the frame 600" means that the radiator can be disposed tightly against the frame 600, or it can be disposed close to the frame 600, for example, there may be a small gap between the radiator and the frame 600.

[0129] In one embodiment, the radiator of the mobile terminal may also be disposed within the housing, such as a bracket antenna disposed on a circuit board. Figure 3 (Not shown in the image). A gap may exist between the radiator located within the casing and other conductive components inside the casing to ensure a good radiation environment for the radiator. In one embodiment, an aperture may be provided near the radiator. In one embodiment, the aperture may include an aperture located inside the mobile terminal, for example, an aperture not visible from the exterior of the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the internal aperture may be formed by any one or multiple of the frame 600, mid-frame 400, battery, PCB 300, back cover 500, display screen 200, and other internal conductive components; for example, the internal aperture may be formed by a structural component of the mid-frame 400. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the frame 600. In one embodiment, the slot / slit / opening on the frame 600 may be a slit formed on the frame, dividing the frame 600 into two parts without a direct connection at the slit. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the back cover 500 or the display screen 200. In one embodiment, the back cover 500 includes a conductive material, and the apertures formed in the conductive material can communicate with the slots or gaps in the frame to form continuous apertures on the surface of the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the apertures on the back cover 500 or the display screen can also be used to house other devices, such as cameras, and / or sensors, and / or microphones, and / or speakers, etc.

[0130] In one embodiment, the antenna can be based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), a laser-direct-structuring (LDS) antenna, or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), among other forms. In another embodiment, the antenna can be a transparent or semi-transparent structure embedded within the screen of the mobile terminal, making it a transparent antenna unit embedded within the screen of the mobile terminal.

[0131] Figure 3 The illustrations only represent some of the components included in the mobile terminal; the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 3 limited.

[0132] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the surface where the mobile terminal's display screen is located can be considered as the front, the surface where the back cover is located as the back, and the surface where the frame is located as the side.

[0133] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, when a user holds (typically vertically and facing the screen) a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal is considered to have a top, bottom, and side orientation.

[0134] The mobile terminal in this application embodiment can have a variety of options, such as any mobile terminal such as a candybar phone, a foldable phone, a multi-fold phone, a tablet computer, or a smart screen.

[0135] As discussed above regarding mobile terminals, the antenna system is a crucial component for enabling communication. The antenna pattern is one of the factors affecting the communication connection speed and stability of the antenna system. Beamforming is a technique that utilizes complementary antenna patterns to improve beamwidth and beam gain. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in anti-interference and anti-channel fading. Therefore, beamforming technology is currently also applied to satellite antenna systems to enhance the satellite communication performance of mobile terminals.

[0136] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, complementary antenna patterns can be two antenna patterns with different maximum radiation directions or different gains; and / or, two antenna patterns whose minimum radiation direction (or radiation null) can be compensated by one antenna pattern for the other antenna pattern; and / or, two antenna patterns with different beamwidths.

[0137] Since beamforming is achieved by using two antennas that support signals of the same frequency to form a synthesized antenna, such as... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4This is a schematic diagram illustrating the design principle of beamforming in the antenna system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the main components of the antenna system used for beamforming. A power divider / phase shifter network 10 is coupled to a first radiator 401 via a first trace 20, and to a second radiator 501 via a second trace 30. Due to space constraints in the mobile terminal's installation, the distances from the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 to the power divider / phase shifter network 10 are often inconsistent. This results in different lengths for the first trace 20 and the second trace 30, leading to different equivalent impedances. Consequently, the signal phases from the output of the power divider / phase shifter network 10 to the inputs of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 differ. Furthermore, since there are typically differences between the first matching circuit 402 of the first radiator 401 and the second matching circuit 502 of the second radiator 501, their matching phases also differ, further affecting the phase of the signals fed into the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501. Due to the influence of the aforementioned wiring phase and matching phase, a phase deviation occurs between the actual signal fed into each radiator and the signal output by the power divider phase shifter network 10, resulting in significant insertion loss. To compensate for this insertion loss, or rather, to compensate for the aforementioned phase deviation, the current solution is to use a low-resolution phase shifter. However, because low-resolution phase shifters have fewer phase states, the scanning angle of the antenna system using them for beamforming is smaller, which is detrimental to the mobile terminal's ability to achieve multi-pose satellite alignment, thus leading to poor satellite communication performance of the mobile terminal.

[0138] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a high-resolution, low-insertion-loss phase shifter assembly to enable mobile terminals to utilize the diversity of radiation patterns to achieve beamforming, thereby improving the communication performance of mobile terminals. To provide a clearer understanding of the solution provided in this application, it will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0139] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a phase shifter assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5As shown, the phase shifter assembly 1 includes a first coupler 101, a first phase shifter unit 102, and a second phase shifter unit 103. The first coupler 101 includes a first input terminal 1011, a first isolation terminal 1012, a first through terminal 1013, and a first coupling terminal 1014. The first input terminal 1011 is connected to the first through terminal 1013 and the first coupling terminal 1014, and the first isolation terminal 1012 is also connected to the first through terminal 1013 and the first coupling terminal 1014. Furthermore, the first through terminal 1013 is coupled to the first phase shifter unit 102, and the first coupling terminal 1014 is coupled to the second phase shifter unit 103. The first phase shifter unit 102 can be used with, for example... Figure 4 The first radiator 401 shown is coupled to adjust the phase of the signal fed into the first radiator 401. The second phase shifter unit 103 can be used with, for example... Figure 4 The second radiator 501 shown is coupled to adjust the phase of the signal fed into the second radiator 501.

[0140] Since the antenna system of the mobile terminal may include a radio frequency (RF) chip, the RF chip can feed transmitted signals to the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 through the phase shifter assembly 1, or process the signals received by the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501. Therefore, in one possible embodiment of this application, referring to... Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows an application of the phase shifter assembly in an antenna system. The first input terminal 1011 of the first coupler 101 can be used to couple to the first port 201 of the RF chip 2, and the first isolation terminal 1012 of the first coupler 101 is used to couple to the second port 202 of the RF chip 2.

[0141] It is worth mentioning that different ports of the RF chip 2 can correspond to signals of the same frequency band or signals of different frequency bands. For example, if the first port 201 of the RF chip 2 can be used for transmitting and / or receiving a first RF signal, then the first input terminal 1011 of the first coupler 101 can be used for transmitting and / or receiving the first RF signal. Additionally, if the second port 202 of the RF chip 2 can be used for transmitting and / or receiving a second RF signal, then the first isolation terminal 1012 of the first coupler 101 can be used for transmitting and / or receiving the second RF signal.

[0142] In this application, the link from one port of the RF chip 2 to the radiator can be considered as an antenna. For example, the first port 201 of the RF chip 2 can form a first antenna with the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 through the phase shifter assembly 1; and the second port 202 of the RF chip 2 can form a second antenna with the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 through the phase shifter assembly 1.

[0143] In one specific embodiment, the first port 201 of the RF chip 2 can support both the transmission and reception of the first RF signal. Since the first input terminal 1011 is connected to the first through terminal 1013 and the first coupling terminal 1014, the first RF signal transmitted from the first port 201 can enter the first coupler 101 through the first input terminal 1011, and be transmitted to the first radiator 401 through the first phase shifter unit 102, and to the second radiator 501 through the second phase shifter unit 103. Conversely, the first RF signals received by the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 can enter the first coupler 101 through the corresponding phase shifter units, and then enter the RF chip 2 through the first input terminal 1011 and the first port 201 of the first coupler 101.

[0144] In addition, the second port 202 of the RF chip 2 can be used to support the reception of the second RF signal. The second RF signal received by the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 can also be transmitted to the first isolation terminal 101 after entering the first coupler 101 through the corresponding phase shifter unit, and then enter the RF chip 2 through the second port 202.

[0145] Therefore, the phase shifter component 1 provided in this application can support a 1T2R signal transmission scenario. Here, T represents transmit and R represents receive, meaning it can support the transmission of one transmit signal and the transmission of two receive signals. In other words, in this embodiment, the first antenna is the transmit / receive antenna, and the second antenna is the receive antenna.

[0146] Furthermore, since the first through-terminal 1013 and the first coupling terminal 1014 of the first coupler 101 are each connected to a phase shifter unit, the two phase shifter units can be used to adjust the signal phase of the two radiators used for beamforming, thereby adjusting the phase difference of the transmitted signals of the two radiators. This is beneficial to improving the diversity of the signal phase difference between the two radiators, so that the radiation pattern of the composite antenna formed by the two radiators can be scanned, which is beneficial to the improvement of gain and the increase of beamwidth.

[0147] It is worth mentioning that in this application, when both the first through-terminal 1013 and the first coupling terminal 1014 of the first coupler 101 of the phase shifter assembly 1 can be used to receive radio frequency signals, it can receive radio frequency signals simultaneously or receive radio frequency signals in a time-division manner, and there is no limitation on this.

[0148] In one possible embodiment of this application, when the first port 201 of the RF chip 2 can support both RF signal transmission and RF signal reception, and the second port 202 can also support both RF signal transmission and RF signal reception, the phase shifter assembly can also support a 2T2R signal transmission scenario. That is, in this embodiment, the first antenna is a transceiver antenna, and the second antenna is also a transceiver antenna.

[0149] In addition, in some other possible application scenarios, the first port 201 of the RF chip 2 can be configured to only support the transmission of RF signals, and the second port 202 can be configured to only support the reception of RF signals, so as to realize 1T1R signal transmission. In this case, the first antenna is the transmitting antenna and the second antenna is the receiving antenna.

[0150] Therefore, the phase shifter component 1 provided in this application can be used to support signal transmission such as 1T1R, 1T2R and 2T2R, and its applicable scenarios are relatively wide.

[0151] It is worth mentioning that, typically, the first coupler 101 itself can provide a phase for the radio frequency signal, so that there is a signal phase difference between the first through terminal 1013 and the first coupling terminal 1014. For example, the signal phase difference between the first through terminal 1013 and the first coupling terminal 1014 is 90°. This increases the number of signal phase difference states between the output port of the first phase shifter unit 102 and the output port of the second phase shifter unit 103, thereby improving the resolution of the phase shifter assembly.

[0152] In practical applications, the phase actually provided by the first coupler 101 is allowed to deviate from the design value to a certain extent. This allows the signal phase difference between the first through terminal 1013 and the first coupling terminal 1014 to take a value within a range, such as 85° to 95° or 87.5° to 92.5°, etc., which are not limited in this application.

[0153] In one specific embodiment, taking the example that the phase shifter component 1 can support the reception of two radio frequency signals, the application of the phase shifter component 1 provided in this application in an antenna system will be described. Please continue to refer to... Figure 6 When the first input terminal 1011 of the first coupler 101 is used to receive a signal, the signal phase provided by the first phase shifter unit 102 is denoted as φ1, and the signal phase provided by the second phase shifter unit 103 is denoted as φ2. Then the signal phase from the first input terminal 1011 to the first radiator 401 is φ1, and the signal phase from the first input terminal 1011 to the second radiator 501 is 90°+φ2.

[0154] Similarly, when the first isolation terminal 1012 of the first coupler 101 is used to receive signals, the signal phase from the first input terminal 1011 to the second radiator 501 is φ2, while the signal phase from the first input terminal 1011 to the first radiator 401 is 90°+φ1.

[0155] It is understood that when at least one of the first input terminal 1011 and the first isolation terminal 1012 of the phase shifter assembly 1 is used to support the transmission of radio frequency signals, the signal phase from the first input terminal 1011 and / or the first isolation terminal 1012 to the first radiator 401 and / or the second radiator 501 is consistent with the above situation, and will not be described in detail here.

[0156] To facilitate understanding of the design principles of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application, we first refer to... Figure 7a , Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of a reflective phase shifter. The reflective phase shifter 3 includes a phase-coupled coupler 301 and an impedance adjustment circuit 302. The impedance adjustment circuit 302 can change the signal phase between the input and output terminals of the coupler 301 by adjusting at least one of the capacitance and inductance values. Since the impedance adjustment circuit 302 can achieve multi-phase state switching, the reflective phase shifter has high-resolution characteristics.

[0157] When a reflective phase shifter 3 is used to adjust the signal phase difference between the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501, the reflective phase shifter 3 and the power divider 4 can be configured as follows: Figure 7b The diagram shows a single-path phase-modulated power divider / phase-shifter network. In this network, the first input port 41 of the power divider 4 can serve as a transmit and / or receive port for radio frequency signals, while the first output port 42 of the power divider 4 is coupled to the first radiator 401 via a reflective phase shifter 3, and the second output port 43 of the power divider 4 is coupled to the second radiator 501. Thus, the phase difference between the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 can be adjusted by modifying the phase of the radio frequency signal transmitted through the first radiator 401 via the reflective phase shifter 3.

[0158] Understandably, when the power divider phase shifter network uses only one reflective phase shifter 3, it can only adjust the phase difference between two signals by adjusting the phase of one signal. Figure 7c As shown, Figure 7c for Figure 7bThe diagram illustrates the adjustment range of the phase difference of signals at different frequencies by the power divider phase shifter network. Since the phase adjustment range of the reflective phase shifter 3 varies at different frequencies, and the same antenna system typically operates within a frequency range while different antenna systems typically operate in different frequency bands, when the frequency of the signal transmitted by the antenna system fluctuates or when it is applied to different antenna systems, the power divider phase shifter network is required to dynamically adjust the phase of the signal to ensure that beamforming can bring significant benefits such as increased gain or increased beamwidth. However, this makes the control of the antenna system more complex and makes it difficult to guarantee adjustment accuracy.

[0159] To solve this problem, refer to Figure 8a , Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of a power divider phase shifter network with dual-path phase modulation. Both phase shifters in this power divider phase shifter network are... Figure 7a The reflective phase shifter 3 shown is used to adjust the phase of the two radio frequency signals by using two reflective phase shifters 3 respectively, thereby adjusting the phase difference between the two radio frequency signals.

[0160] Reference Figure 8b , Figure 8b for Figure 8a The diagram illustrates the adjustment range of the phase difference between signals at different frequencies using a power divider phase-shifting network. It shows that by simultaneously adjusting the phases of two signals, the adjustable range of the phase difference between the two signals can be kept essentially consistent across a relatively wide frequency band for each frequency. This not only improves the stability of the phase difference between the two RF signals used for beamforming but also allows the power divider phase-shifting network to be used in antenna systems operating at different frequency bands for beamforming, thus broadening its applicability.

[0161] Based on the above description, in this embodiment, both the first phase shifter unit 102 and the second phase shifter unit 103 may include reflective phase shifters. For specific implementation, refer to... Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the first phase shifter unit 102 includes a first reflective phase shifter 1021, which includes a second coupler 10211 and a first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 coupled together. The second coupler 10211 includes a second input terminal 102111, which is coupled to the first through terminal 1013 of the first coupler 101.

[0162] Similarly, the second phase shifter unit 103 includes a second reflective phase shifter 1031, which includes a third coupler 10311 and a second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 coupled in phase. The third coupler 10311 includes a third input terminal 103111, which is coupled to the first coupling terminal 1014 of the first coupler 101.

[0163] In addition, such as Figure 9 As shown, the second coupler 10211 further includes a second output terminal 102112, which can be used for coupling with the first radiator. The third coupler 10311 also includes a third output terminal 103112, which is used for coupling with the second radiator. Thus, the phase of the signal at the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211 can be adjusted by the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212, and the phase of the signal at the third output terminal 103112 of the third coupler 10311 can be adjusted by the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312, thereby adjusting the phase difference between the signals at the second output terminal 102112 and the third output terminal 103112.

[0164] In a specific implementation, in one possible embodiment of this application, the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 is in a first state, the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 is in a second state, and the signal phase difference between the second output terminal 102112 and the third output terminal 103112 is a first phase difference. When the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 is in a third state and the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 is in a fourth state, the signal phase difference between the second output terminal 102112 and the third output terminal 103112 is a second phase difference. Therefore, it can be understood that the first phase difference and the second phase difference are different. Thus, switching the state of the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 and the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 can switch the signal phase difference between the second output terminal 102112 and the third output terminal 103112. This is beneficial for increasing the number of phase difference states of the phase shifter component 1, thereby increasing the beamwidth of the composite antenna formed by the two antennas using the phase shifter component 1 for beamforming, which is beneficial for improving the signal coverage.

[0165] For example, when the phase shifter component 1 is applied to a satellite antenna system, it helps to achieve wide beam coverage of the satellite antenna system, which can meet the satellite communication requirements of mobile terminals in multiple pose states, thereby improving the user's satellite communication experience.

[0166] As can be seen from the above introduction of reflective phase shifters, they have the characteristic of high resolution. Therefore, the phase shifter component 1 provided in this application has high resolution and low insertion loss, which is beneficial to improving the gain of the antenna system.

[0167] It is worth mentioning that, as described above, in the phase shifter assembly 1 provided in this application, since the first coupler 101 itself can provide a phase for the signal, the adjustment range of the phase difference of the signal at different frequencies by the phase shifter assembly 1 can be as follows: Figure 10 As shown. By Figure 10 As can be seen, by using the phase shifter component 1 provided in this application, the adjustable range of the phase difference between the two radio frequency signals can be kept basically consistent for each frequency within a relatively wide frequency band. This not only improves the diversity of the phase difference between the two antenna signals used for beamforming, but also enables the phase shifter component to be used in antenna systems operating in different frequency bands to achieve beamforming, thus having a wide range of applications.

[0168] You can continue to refer to Figure 9 In this embodiment of the application, the second coupler 10211 further includes a second through-terminal 102113 and a second coupling terminal 102114. The second input terminal 102111 is connected to the second through-terminal 102113 and the second coupling terminal 102114, and the second output terminal 102112 is connected to the second through-terminal 102113 and the second coupling terminal 102114. Additionally, the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 is coupled to the second through-terminal 102113 and the second coupling terminal 102114.

[0169] This application does not limit the specific configuration of the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212, as long as it can be used to adjust one of the equivalent capacitance or inductance values ​​of the second through terminal 102113 and the equivalent capacitance or inductance value of the second coupling terminal 102114, so as to change the signal phase of the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211. In one embodiment, the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 may include Figure 11aThe first sub-circuit and the second sub-circuit shown are illustrated. The first sub-circuit includes a first radio frequency switch 102121, multiple sets of first capacitor element assemblies 102122 and first inductor element assemblies 102123. The first radio frequency switch 102121 is used to switch between the multiple sets of first capacitor element assemblies 102122 and the multiple sets of first inductor element assemblies 102123. The inductance values ​​of the multiple sets of first inductor element assemblies 102123 are different, and the capacitance values ​​of the multiple sets of first capacitor element assemblies 102122 are different. The second sub-circuit includes a second RF switch 102124, multiple sets of second capacitor components 102125, and multiple sets of second inductor components 102126. The second RF switch 102124 is used to switch between the multiple sets of second capacitor components 102125 and the multiple sets of second inductor components 102126. The multiple sets of second inductor components 102126 have different inductance values, and the multiple sets of second capacitor components 102125 have different capacitance values.

[0170] Furthermore, the first RF switch 102121 is coupled to the second through terminal 102113, and the second RF switch 102124 is coupled to the second coupling terminal 102114. By switching the first capacitor component 102122 and the first inductor component 102123 through the first RF switch 102121, and by switching the second capacitor component 102125 and the second inductor component 102126 through the second RF switch 102124, the equivalent capacitance or inductance value of the second through terminal 102113 can be adjusted, and the equivalent capacitance or inductance value of the second coupling terminal 102114 can also be adjusted, thereby adjusting the signal phase of the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211.

[0171] In another embodiment, the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 may further include Figure 11b The variable capacitor shown has a double-pole double-throw switch 102127 connected to the second pass-through terminal 102113 and the second coupling terminal 102114. The double-pole double-throw switch 102127 is used to switch multiple sets of capacitor element assemblies and multiple sets of inductor element assemblies to adjust one of the equivalent capacitance or inductance values ​​of the second pass-through terminal 102113 and the second coupling terminal 102114, thereby adjusting the signal phase of the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211.

[0172] In another embodiment, the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 may further include two such... Figure 11cThe varactor diodes shown have one coupled to the second through terminal 102113 and the other coupled to the second coupling terminal 102114. By adjusting one of the equivalent capacitance or inductance values ​​of the second through terminal 102113 and the second coupling terminal 102114 through the two varactor diodes, the signal phase of the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211 is adjusted.

[0173] It is worth mentioning that, in other possible embodiments of this application, the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 may also be a combination of at least two of the following: a capacitor component assembly, an inductor component, a variable capacitor, or a varactor diode, as long as it can achieve the adjustment of the signal phase of the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211.

[0174] Furthermore, regardless of the design form of the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212, in practical applications, the portion of the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 used to connect to the second through terminal 102113 can be defined as the first adjustment component, and the portion of the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 used to connect to the second coupling terminal 102114 can be defined as the second adjustment component. Based on the above explanation of the signal phase adjustment principle of the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 on the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211, it can be understood that the first adjustment component is an inductor component or a capacitor component, and the second adjustment component is a capacitor component or a capacitor component. In this application, the first and second adjustment components include components of the same type; that is, when the first adjustment component is an inductor component, the second adjustment component is also an inductor component, and when the first adjustment component is a capacitor component, the second adjustment component is also a capacitor component. However, this application does not limit the number of components in the first and second adjustment components; they can be, for example, one or more. Additionally, the number of components in the first and second adjustment components can be the same or different.

[0175] In this application, reference may be made to Figure 9 The third coupler 10311 further includes a third through terminal 103113 and a third coupling terminal 103114, and the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 is coupled to the third through terminal 103113 and the third coupling terminal 103114. Furthermore, the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 is configured similarly to the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 described above. In short, the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 may include, for example... Figure 11a The inductor component assembly shown, such as Figure 11b The variable capacitor shown or such Figure 11cAny one of the varactor diodes shown can be used to adjust the signal phase at the third output terminal 103112 of the third coupler 10311.

[0176] It is understandable that, in practical applications, the portion of the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 used to connect to the third through terminal 103113 can be defined as the third adjustment component, and the portion of the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 used to connect to the third coupling terminal 103114 can be defined as the fourth adjustment component. The third and fourth adjustment components can be configured with reference to the first and second adjustment components described above, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0177] In the various embodiments of this application, the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 and the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 may be configured in the same or different ways. The above embodiments are merely exemplary descriptions of possible configurations of the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 and the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312, but their specific configurations are not limited to these. As long as the signal phase at the output terminals of the second coupler 10211 and the third coupler 10311 can be adjusted, they are all acceptable. They will not be listed one by one here, but they should all be understood to fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0178] The above embodiments all use a phase shifter assembly including a first coupler 101 and two phase shifter units as examples to describe the phase shifter assembly provided in this application. In practical applications, it can also be adapted to meet the specific communication requirements of the mobile terminal. For example, refer to... Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the phase shifter assembly includes a first coupler 101 and a first phase shifter unit 102. Figure 12 This is merely an exemplary demonstration of the specific configuration of the first phase shifter unit 102. In other possible embodiments, the first coupler 101 and the first phase shifter unit 102 can be configured with reference to any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0179] In addition, Figure 12 In the phase shifter assembly shown in the embodiments and the above embodiments, the first input terminal 1011 and the first isolation terminal 1012 of the first coupler 101 are respectively used to couple with different ports of the radio frequency chip. That is, the phase shifter assembly can provide two ports for radio frequency signal transmission so that the phase shifter assembly can meet the usage requirements in multi-channel signal transmission scenarios.

[0180] In some communication scenarios, only one radio frequency (RF) signal transmission port is needed to meet the communication requirements. Therefore, in some embodiments of this application, the phase shifter assembly can be designed to provide only one RF signal transmission port. For specific implementation, refer to... Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the phase shifter assembly includes a first phase shifter unit 102 and a second phase shifter unit 103. The first phase shifter unit 102 and the second phase shifter unit 103 can be configured with reference to any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0181] In addition, such as Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, both the second input terminal 102111 and the third input terminal 103111 are used to transmit and / or receive the first radio frequency signal through the first radio frequency signal transmission port 105. This allows the phase shifter assembly to provide only one radio frequency signal transmission port.

[0182] This application does not limit the specific configuration of the first radio frequency signal transmission port 105. In one possible embodiment, refer to... Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. The phase shifter assembly further includes a power divider 4, which includes a first input port 41, a first output port 42, and a second output port 43. The first output port 42 is coupled to the second input terminal 102111, and the second output port 43 is coupled to the third input terminal 103111. In addition, in this embodiment, the first input port 41 can be used as a first radio frequency signal transmission port 105 for coupling with the port of the radio frequency chip.

[0183] Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram of the phase shifter assembly provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 15 In the illustrated embodiment, the phase shifter assembly further includes a first coupler 101. The structure of the first coupler 101 is similar to that of any of the embodiments described above, and will not be described in detail here. Additionally, as... Figure 15 As shown, the first through-terminal 1013 of the first coupler 101 is coupled to the second input terminal 102111, and the first coupling terminal 1014 is coupled to the third input terminal 103111. In this embodiment, the first input terminal 1011 can be used as the first radio frequency signal transmission port 105, while the first isolation terminal 1012 is coupled to the ground through the load 12. This allows the phase shifter assembly to still meet the requirements for using a single radio frequency signal transmission port.

[0184] In practical applications, at least a portion of the phase shifter component 1 provided in this application can be packaged as a chip, for example, see reference to Figure 16 , Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a chip structure provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the chip includes a housing 104, a second coupler 10211, and a third coupler 10311, wherein the second coupler 10211 and the third coupler 10311 are located within the housing 104. This allows for the integrated design of the second coupler 10211 and the third coupler 10311, which facilitates the reduction of the size of the phase shifter assembly 1, enabling a miniaturized design of the phase shifter assembly 1. This improves the flexibility of the phase shifter assembly 1 in its configuration, providing the possibility of incorporating more functional modules in a mobile terminal.

[0185] like Figure 16 As shown, the housing 104 may include a first output port 1043 and a second output port 1044, wherein the first output port 1043 is connected to the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211, and the second output port 1044 is connected to the third output terminal 103112 of the third coupler 10311. This allows the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211 and the third output terminal 103112 of the third coupler 10311 to be led to the outside of the housing 104, thus enabling the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211 to be coupled to a radiator through the first output port 1043, and enabling the third output terminal 103112 of the third coupler 10311 to be coupled to another radiator through the second output port 1044.

[0186] Understandably, in Figure 16 In the chip shown, the first output port 1043 can be used to transmit and / or receive a first-phase radio frequency signal, and the second output port 1044 is used to transmit and / or receive a second-phase radio frequency signal, wherein the first phase and the second phase are different. This allows the chip to be used to provide radio frequency signals of different phases for different radiators.

[0187] Figure 17 Applications provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 16 The diagram shows a schematic representation of one structure of the phase shifter assembly of the chip. (See attached diagram.) Figure 17 As shown, in this phase shifter assembly, the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 and the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 are located outside the housing 104. This allows the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 and the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 to be designed according to actual usage requirements, which helps to reduce the design difficulty of the phase shifter assembly 1 and improve the practicality of the phase shifter assembly 1.

[0188] It is understandable that, in order to facilitate the connection between the chip and the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 and the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312, such as Figure 16As shown, the housing 104 may further include a third output port 1045, a fourth output port 1046, a fifth output port 1047, and a sixth output port. The third output port 1045 is connected to the second through-terminal 102113 of the second coupler 10211, and the fourth output port 1046 is connected to the second coupling terminal 102114 of the second coupler 10211, so that the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 can be coupled to the second through-terminal 102113 and the second coupling terminal 102114 of the second coupler 10211 through the third output port 1045 and the fourth output port 1046.

[0189] Similarly, the fifth output port 1047 is connected to the third through-terminal 103113 of the third coupler 10311, and the sixth output port 1048 is connected to the third coupling terminal 103114 of the third coupler 10311, so that the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 can be coupled to the third through-terminal 103113 and the third coupling terminal 103114 of the third coupler 10311 through the fifth output port 1047 and the sixth output port 1048.

[0190] Can be referred to together Figure 16 and Figure 17 The housing 104 may also include a first input port 1041 and a second input port 1042. Additionally, Figure 17 The phase shifter assembly shown includes a first coupler 101, wherein a first input port 1041 is coupled to a first through terminal 1013, and a second input port 1042 is coupled to a first coupling terminal 1014, so that the first input port 1041 and the second input port 1042 can be used through the first coupler 101 to transmit and / or receive radio frequency signals.

[0191] Figure 18 Applications provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 16 The diagram shows another structural schematic of the phase shifter assembly of the chip. Figure 18 In the process, the phase shifter assembly includes a power divider 4, wherein the first output port 42 of the power divider 4 is coupled to the first input port 1041, and the second output port 43 is coupled to the second input port 1042, so that the first input port 1041 and the second input port 1042 can be used by the power divider 4 to transmit and / or receive radio frequency signals.

[0192] In this application, in addition to the design methods described above, the chip can also be adapted to meet the specific usage requirements of the phase shifter assembly. For example, referring to... Figure 19 , Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another chip structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 16 Compared to the chip shown, in Figure 19In the embodiment shown, the chip also includes a first coupler 101, which is also located inside the housing 104. That is, in this embodiment, the first coupler 101, the second coupler 10211 and the third coupler 10311 are integrated, which is beneficial to improving the integration of the phase shifter component using the chip.

[0193] like Figure 19 As shown, in this embodiment, the connection method of the first coupler 101 with the second coupler 10211 and the third coupler 10311 can refer to the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here. In addition, the first input port 1041 of the housing 104 is coupled to the first input terminal 1011, and the second input port 1042 is coupled to the first isolation terminal 1012. This allows the first input terminal 1011 and the first isolation terminal 1012 of the first coupler 101 to be led to the outside of the housing 104, thereby enabling coupling between the first coupler 101 and the corresponding ports of the RF chip through the first input port 1041 and the second input port 1042.

[0194] In one specific embodiment, the first input port 1041 can be used for transmitting and / or receiving a first radio frequency signal, and the second input port 1042 can be used for transmitting and / or receiving a second radio frequency signal, so that the chip can be used in application scenarios with dual radio frequency signal transmission ports.

[0195] In another possible embodiment, such as in Figure 20 In the chip shown, the first input port 1041 is used for transmitting and / or receiving a first radio frequency signal, while the second input port 1042 is used for coupling to the ground via a load. This allows the chip to be used in applications with a single radio frequency signal transmission port.

[0196] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of another chip structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 16 Compared to the chip shown, in Figure 21 In the illustrated embodiment, the chip also includes a power divider 4, which is located within the housing 104 to enable the integrated design of the power divider 4, the second coupler 10211, and the third coupler 10311.

[0197] You can continue to refer to Figure 21 In this embodiment, the connection method between the power divider 4 and the second coupler 10211 and the third coupler 10311 can refer to the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here. In addition, the first input port 1041 of the housing 104 is connected to the first input port 41 of the power divider 4.

[0198] Understandably, in Figure 21In the illustrated embodiment, the first input port 1041 of the housing 104 can be used to couple with the port of the radio frequency chip for transmitting and / or receiving radio frequency signals, so that the chip can be used in application scenarios with a single radio frequency signal transmission port.

[0199] in addition, Figures 19 to 21 When the chip shown is applied to a phase shifter assembly, the arrangement of the first impedance adjustment circuit 10212 and the second impedance adjustment circuit 10312 is the same as... Figure 17 and Figure 18 The embodiments shown are similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0200] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of possible configurations of the chip provided in this application. In other possible embodiments, the structure of the chip may be adjusted according to specific design requirements. These adjustments will not be described in detail here, but they should all be understood to fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0201] As described above, the phase shifter assembly 1 provided in this application can be used for beamforming of satellite antennas. In specific implementation, firstly, referring to... Figure 22 , Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of a satellite antenna system for a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the satellite antenna system includes a satellite radio frequency chip 2a, a first satellite antenna 5, and a second satellite antenna 6. Figure 22 The diagram also illustrates the radiation patterns generated when the first satellite antenna 5 and the second satellite antenna 6 are operating separately.

[0202] You can continue to refer to Figure 22 The satellite antenna system also includes a phase shifter assembly 1 provided in any of the above embodiments of this application. The first input terminal 1011 of the first coupler 101 of the phase shifter assembly 1 is coupled to the first port 201 of the satellite radio frequency chip 2a, and the first isolation terminal 1012 of the first coupler 101 of the phase shifter assembly 1 is coupled to the second port 202 of the satellite communication chip 2a. Furthermore, the second output terminal 102112 of the second coupler 10211 is coupled to the radiator 51 of the first satellite antenna, and the third output terminal 103112 of the third coupler 10311 is coupled to the radiator 61 of the second satellite antenna.

[0203] It is understood that, in this embodiment, the first port 201 of the satellite radio frequency chip 2a can be used to transmit and / or receive a first radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the radiator 51 of the first satellite antenna, and can also be used to transmit and / or receive the first radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the radiator 61 of the second satellite antenna. The phase shifter assembly 1 can be used to adjust the phase difference between the first satellite antenna radiator 51 and the second satellite antenna radiator 61 in transmitting and / or receiving the first radio frequency signal, thereby enabling the first satellite antenna radiator 51 and the second satellite antenna radiator 61 to jointly form a corresponding radiation pattern.

[0204] In another embodiment of this application, the second port 202 of the satellite radio frequency chip 2a can be used to transmit and / or receive a second radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the radiator 51 of the first satellite antenna, and can also be used to transmit and / or receive the second radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the radiator 61 of the second satellite antenna. The phase shifter assembly 1 can be used to adjust the phase difference between the transmission and / or reception of the second radio frequency signal by the radiator 51 of the first satellite antenna and the radiator 61 of the second satellite antenna, thereby causing the radiator 51 of the first satellite antenna and the radiator 61 of the second satellite antenna to jointly form a corresponding radiation pattern.

[0205] Therefore, it can be seen that using the phase shifter component provided in this application is beneficial to increasing the diversity of the radiation pattern of the satellite antenna system, which in turn is beneficial to the realization of beamforming, thereby improving the satellite communication performance of the mobile terminal.

[0206] Reference Figure 23 , Figure 23 for Figure 22 The radiation pattern shown is a composite pattern of the first and second satellite antenna patterns under different signal phase differences. Among them, in Figure 23 In this comparison, radiation patterns with the same identifier form a set of contrasting radiation patterns under the same signal phase difference. For example, those with circular identifiers form one set, those with rectangular identifiers form another, and those with triangular identifiers form yet another. Furthermore, in each set of contrasting radiation patterns, dashed lines represent theoretical radiation patterns, and solid lines represent measured radiation patterns. By comparison, it can be seen that the outlines of the solid and dashed lines in each set of contrasting radiation patterns are very similar, even overlapping. Therefore, using the phase shifter assembly 1 provided in this application, the radiation patterns of the first satellite antenna 5 and the second satellite antenna 6 can be combined to form a beam.

[0207] And because of Figure 22In the illustrated embodiment, the first coupler 101 and the first phase shifter unit 102 can be used to adjust the phase of the radio frequency signals transmitted and / or received by the radiator 51 of the first satellite antenna, and the first coupler 101 and the second phase shifter can be used to adjust the phase of the radio frequency signals transmitted and / or received by the radiator 61 of the second satellite antenna. Therefore, the phase shifter assembly provided in this application can adjust the signal phase difference between the radiators 51 and 61 of the first and second satellite antennas. This allows the beam synthesized from the radiation patterns of the first and second satellite antennas to be scannable. Therefore, using the phase shifter assembly provided in this application is beneficial for improving the gain of the satellite antenna system and increasing the signal beamwidth of the satellite antenna system, thereby improving the communication performance of the satellite antenna system.

[0208] As described above, the phase shifter component 1 provided in this application can support phase difference adjustment of signals over a wide operating frequency band. Therefore, in addition to satellite antenna systems, it can also be applied to other antenna systems of mobile terminals. For example, refer to... Figure 17 , Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a 1.75GHz cellular antenna system for a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the antenna system includes a cellular radio frequency chip 2b, a first cellular antenna 7, a second cellular antenna 8, and a phase shifter assembly 1. The connection relationship between the phase shifter assembly 1 and the cellular radio frequency chip 2b, the first cellular antenna 7, and the second cellular antenna 8 is similar to that in the above embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0209] In addition, such as Figure 24 As shown, a portion of the radiator 71 of the first cellular antenna is located on the top edge and a portion is located on the first side edge, while the radiator 81 of the second cellular antenna is located on the first side edge. (Refer to...) Figure 25 , Figure 25 for Figure 24 The antenna system shown illustrates the radiation pattern of the combined antenna formed by the first and second cellular antennas. It is worth noting that in... Figure 25 In the diagram, the dashed line represents the radiation pattern generated by the first cellular antenna 7, the dotted-dash line represents the radiation pattern generated by the second cellular antenna 8, and the solid line represents the combined radiation pattern of the first cellular antenna 7 and the second cellular antenna 8. Figure 25 As shown, when the phase shifter assembly provided in this application is applied to a 1.75GHz cellular antenna system, it can also make the signal beamwidth of the combined radiation pattern of the first cellular antenna 7 and the second cellular antenna 8 wider, thereby improving its communication performance.

[0210] The preceding text uses satellite antenna systems and 1.75GHz cellular antenna systems as examples to illustrate the benefits of using the phase shifter component provided in this application to achieve beamforming. Based on this, it can be understood that when this phase shifter component is applied to antenna systems in other operating frequency bands, such as 2.4GHz Wi-Fi antenna systems, 5.5GHz cellular antenna systems, and 3.5GHz cellular antenna systems, it can achieve similar effects.

[0211] And in Figure 22 and Figure 24 The mobile terminals shown are illustrated using one possible configuration of the phase shifter component. In other possible embodiments of this application, the phase shifter component can be configured using the schemes provided in any of the above embodiments, which can still enable the antenna system to achieve a similar pattern synthesis effect as in the above embodiments.

[0212] Reference Figure 26 , Figure 26 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the mobile terminal further includes a switching switch 9. The first phase shifter unit 102 is coupled to the first radiator 401 through the switching switch 9, and the second phase shifter unit 103 is coupled to the second radiator 501 through the switching switch 9. When the switching switch 9 is in the first switching state, the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 can jointly form a first radiation pattern. When the switching switch 9 is in the second switching state, the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 can jointly form a second radiation pattern. In this way, the switching switch 9 can be used to switch the radiation pattern jointly formed by the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501. This can increase the diversity of the radiation patterns jointly formed by the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501, which is beneficial to increasing the signal beamwidth of the antenna system, while also simplifying the structure of the phase shifter assembly and reducing its design difficulty.

[0213] This application does not limit the specific type of the switching switch 9. An exemplary example is a double-pole double-throw switch. Since the application of double-pole double-throw switches is relatively mature, its specific usage will not be described in detail here.

[0214] exist Figure 26 The embodiment shown illustrates one possible configuration of the phase shifter assembly. In other possible embodiments of this application, the phase shifter assembly may be configured using the scheme provided in any of the above embodiments. Regardless of the design of the phase shifter assembly, its coupling method with the radiator via the switching switch 9 is similar, and will not be listed one by one here.

[0215] It is worth noting that this application does not limit the specific placement and arrangement of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 used for beamforming in the antenna system. It is understood that the existence of a certain overlap in radiation patterns is beneficial to improving the gain after radiation pattern synthesis. The radiation pattern varies due to various factors, such as the placement of the radiator in the mobile terminal (frame, bracket, or back cover), its orientation on the frame (horizontal or vertical), and its position on the frame (top, middle, or bottom). For example, a radiator placed on the top edge of the frame and a radiator placed on the side may have orthogonal polarization directions, resulting in a significant difference in their radiation patterns. This is generally detrimental to radiation pattern synthesis. However, by designing the radiator pattern, the angular difference in the polarization directions of the two radiators can be reduced, thereby improving the gain. Furthermore, since the mobile terminal as a whole can be considered a large floor, and the floor can affect the antenna's radiation pattern, a significant difference in the radiation patterns of a radiator placed on the top edge of the frame and a radiator placed on the floor is also detrimental to radiation pattern synthesis. Therefore, the following are some preferred placement positions for the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0216] Reference Figure 27a , Figure 27a This is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application. Since the frame of the mobile terminal includes multiple side frames connected in sequence, the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 can be disposed on the frame. In this application, "disposed on the frame" includes, when the frame is a metal frame or includes a metal portion, the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 can be disposed based on the existing metal portion on the frame. Additionally, "disposed on the frame" also includes the case where the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 are metal structures disposed on a non-metallic frame. This application does not limit the specific arrangement of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 on the frame.

[0217] exist Figure 27a In the illustrated embodiment, dashed boxes are used to indicate some possible installation positions of the first radiator 401, and solid boxes are used to indicate some possible installation positions of the second radiator 501; alternatively, dashed boxes are used to indicate some possible installation positions of the second radiator 501, and solid boxes are used to indicate some possible installation positions of the first radiator 401. Additionally, in Figure 27aIn the illustrated embodiment, the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 are both at least partially located in the upper region (e.g., the upper 1 / 3 region of the mobile terminal) or the lower region (e.g., the lower 1 / 3 region of the mobile terminal) in the length direction of the mobile terminal. Since at least a portion of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 are located in the upper or lower region of the floor in the length direction, it is beneficial to synthesize the radiation patterns of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501.

[0218] It is understood that, in this application, at least a portion of the first radiator 401 and at least a portion of the second radiator 501 can also be located on the same frame, such as the top frame or the side frame. This allows at least a portion of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 to be arranged parallel (including collinearly), which is beneficial for designing the polarization directions of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 to be easily synthesized. In addition, when all of the first radiator 401 and all of the second radiator 501 are arranged parallel (including collinearly), the synthesis effect of their radiation patterns is better, which is beneficial for improving the gain of the synthesized antenna formed by the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501, and for improving the diversity of the radiation patterns of the synthesized antenna, thereby making the radiation pattern of the synthesized antenna adjustable to improve the signal beamwidth of the antenna system.

[0219] Additionally, refer to Figure 27b , Figure 27b This is another schematic diagram of the antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, one of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 is disposed within the housing of the mobile terminal. For example, the first radiator 401 may be disposed as follows: Figure 1 In the illustrated mobile terminal, between the printed circuit board and the back cover, for example, if some existing radiators in the mobile terminal (e.g., radiators for transmitting signals in the sub-6GHz band) are disposed on the back cover, these radiators can be used as the first radiator 401. This requires minimal additional design and facilitates full utilization of the internal space of the mobile terminal. In other embodiments, the first radiator 401 can also be disposed on the support of the circuit board. It is worth mentioning that... Figure 27b In the diagram, the dashed box can be used to indicate some possible locations for the second radiator 501.

[0220] The above embodiments are merely exemplary demonstrations of the possible placement positions of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501. Based on this, the specific placement positions of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 can be arbitrarily combined according to actual design needs. They will not be listed one by one here, but they should all be understood to fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0221] In one possible embodiment of this application, the minimum spacing d between the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 satisfies: (1 / 4)×λ0≤λ0, where λ0 is the vacuum wavelength of the signals emitted and / or received by the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501. This allows the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 to meet the design requirements of beamforming, thereby facilitating gain improvement.

[0222] In practical applications, the minimum spacing d between the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 can be made to satisfy: (1 / 4)×λ0≤(3 / 4)×λ0, and for example, it can be (1 / 2)×λ0, so as to improve the gain of the beamforming pattern synthesized by the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501.

[0223] In another possible embodiment of this application, when the first radiator 401 includes a first open end and a first ground end, and the second radiator 501 includes a second open end and a second ground end, the physical length L1 of the first radiator 401 and the physical length L2 of the second radiator 501 satisfy the following condition: 1 / 2 ≤ L1 / L2 ≤ 2. This facilitates tuning the operating frequency bands of the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501 to the target operating frequency band when forming a composite antenna using the first radiator 401 and the second radiator 501.

[0224] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, the physical length of each radiator can be understood as the length of the parts of the radiator connected along the same straight line, or as the length of the non-elastic rope connecting the head and tail of the radiator along the main extension direction of the radiator after it has been straightened.

[0225] Reference Figure 28 , Figure 28 This is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna system provided in this application embodiment, used to illustrate the possible configurations of the first radiator and the second radiator in the antenna system. Specifically, in the antenna system provided in this application, the radiator can be as follows: Figure 28 The radiator shown in the dashed box, with one end grounded and the other open, is either... Figure 28 The radiator shown in the solid line frame is open at both ends, or is... Figure 28 The radiator shown by the single-dotted line, with one end open and the other connected to the tuning device 11, or... Figure 28 The double-dotted line indicates a radiator in the form of a combination of multiple radiators. Of course, there are other possible radiators, which are not listed here, but all should be understood to fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0226] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A phase shifter assembly, characterized in that, Includes a first coupler and a first phase shifter unit, wherein: The first coupler includes a first input terminal, a first isolation terminal, a first through terminal, and a first coupling terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the first through terminal and the first coupling terminal, and the first isolation terminal is connected to the first through terminal and the first coupling terminal. The first through terminal is coupled to the first phase shifter unit. The first input terminal is used for transmitting and / or receiving a first radio frequency signal; the first isolation terminal is used for transmitting and / or receiving a second radio frequency signal.

2. The phase shifter assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal phase difference between the first through terminal and the first coupling terminal is 90°.

3. The phase shifter assembly as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The phase shifter assembly further includes a second phase shifter unit, and the first coupling terminal is coupled to the second phase shifter unit.

4. The phase shifter assembly as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that, The first phase shifter unit includes a first reflective phase shifter, the first reflective phase shifter includes a second coupler and a first impedance adjustment circuit, the second coupler includes a second input terminal, and the second input terminal is coupled to the first through terminal; The second phase shifter unit includes a second reflective phase shifter, which includes a third coupler and a second impedance adjustment circuit. The third coupler includes a third input terminal, which is coupled to the first coupling terminal.

5. The phase shifter assembly as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The second coupler further includes a second output terminal, and the third coupler further includes a third output terminal; the first impedance adjustment circuit is in a first state, the second impedance adjustment circuit is in a second state, and the signal phase difference between the second output terminal and the third output terminal is a first phase difference; The first impedance adjustment circuit is in the third state, the second impedance adjustment circuit is in the fourth state, the signal phase difference between the second output terminal and the third output terminal is the second phase difference, and the second phase difference is different from the first phase difference.

6. The phase shifter assembly as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The second coupler further includes a second through terminal and a second coupling terminal. The second input terminal is connected to the second through terminal and the second coupling terminal, and the second output terminal is connected to the second through terminal and the second coupling terminal. The first impedance adjustment circuit is coupled to the second through terminal and the second coupling terminal. The first impedance adjustment circuit is used to adjust one of the equivalent capacitance or inductance values ​​of the second through terminal and to adjust one of the equivalent capacitance or inductance values ​​of the second coupling terminal.

7. The phase shifter assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The first impedance adjustment circuit includes a first adjustment component and a second adjustment component. The second through terminal is connected to the first adjustment component, and the second coupling terminal is connected to the second adjustment component. The first adjustment component is a capacitor component or an inductor component, and the second adjustment component is a capacitor component or an inductor component. The first adjustment component and the second adjustment component include the same type of components.

8. The phase shifter assembly as described in any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The third coupler further includes a third through terminal and a third coupling terminal. The third input terminal is connected to the third through terminal and the third coupling terminal, and the third output terminal is connected to the third through terminal and the third coupling terminal. The second impedance adjustment circuit is coupled to the third through terminal and the third coupling terminal. The second impedance adjustment circuit is used to adjust one of the equivalent capacitance or inductance values ​​of the third through terminal and to adjust one of the equivalent capacitance or inductance values ​​of the third coupling terminal.

9. The phase shifter assembly according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, The first impedance adjustment circuit includes at least one of a capacitor element assembly, an inductor element assembly, a variable capacitor, or a varactor diode; the second impedance adjustment circuit includes at least one of a capacitor element, an inductor element, a variable capacitor, or a varactor diode.

10. A phase shifter assembly, characterized in that, It includes a first phase shifter unit and a second phase shifter unit. The first phase shifter unit includes a first reflective phase shifter, which includes a second coupler and a first impedance adjustment circuit. The second coupler includes a second input terminal and a second output terminal. The first impedance adjustment circuit is used to adjust the signal phase of the second output terminal. The second phase shifter unit includes a second reflective phase shifter, which includes a phase-coupled third coupler and a second impedance adjustment circuit; The third coupler includes a third input terminal and a third output terminal, and the second impedance adjustment circuit is used to adjust the signal phase of the third output terminal; The second input terminal and the third input terminal are used to transmit and / or receive a first radio frequency signal through the first radio frequency signal transmission port.

11. The phase shifter assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The phase shifter assembly further includes a power divider, which includes a first input port, a first output port, and a second output port. The first input port is used as the first radio frequency signal transmission port, the first output port is coupled to the second input port, and the second output port is coupled to the third input port.

12. The phase shifter assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The phase shifter assembly further includes a first coupler, which includes a first input terminal, a first isolation terminal, a first through terminal, and a first coupling terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the first through terminal and the first coupling terminal, and the first isolation terminal is connected to the first through terminal and the first coupling terminal. The first input terminal is used as the first radio frequency signal transmission port, the first isolation terminal is coupled to the ground through the load, the first through terminal is coupled to the second input terminal, and the first coupling terminal is coupled to the third input terminal.

13. A mobile terminal, characterized in that, It includes a radio frequency chip, a first radiator, a second radiator, and a phase shifter assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: The radio frequency chip is coupled to the phase shifter assembly. The radio frequency chip includes a first port, which is used to transmit and / or receive the first radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the first radiator, and to transmit and / or receive the first radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the second radiator. The phase shifter assembly is used to adjust the phase difference between the first radio frequency signal transmitted and / or received by the first radiator and the second radiator.

14. The mobile terminal as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The radio frequency chip further includes a second port, which is used to transmit and / or receive a second radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the first radiator, and is also used to transmit and / or receive the second radio frequency signal through the phase shifter assembly and the second radiator. The phase shifter assembly is further used to adjust the phase difference between the second radio frequency signal transmitted and / or received by the first radiator and the second radiator.

15. The mobile terminal as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The first port of the radio frequency chip forms a first antenna with the first radiator and the second radiator through the phase shifter assembly, and the second port of the radio frequency chip forms a second antenna with the first radiator and the second radiator through the phase shifter assembly; the first antenna is a transceiver antenna; the second antenna is a receiving antenna.

16. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that, The first radio frequency signal includes signals in a first frequency band, which includes satellite communication frequency bands.

17. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, The mobile terminal also includes a switching switch, and the phase shifter assembly is coupled to the first radiator and the second radiator through the switching switch; When the switching switch is in the first switching state, the first radiator and the second radiator together form a first radiation pattern; when the switching switch is in the second switching state, the first radiator and the second radiator together form a second radiation pattern.

18. The mobile terminal as described in any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that, The minimum distance d between the first radiator and the second radiator satisfies: (1 / 4)×λ0≤λ0, where λ0 is the vacuum wavelength of the signal emitted and / or received by the first radiator and the second radiator.

19. A chip, characterized in that, It includes a housing, a second coupler, and a third coupler, the second coupler and the third coupler being located within the housing; the second coupler includes a second output terminal, and the third coupler includes a third output terminal; The housing includes a first output port and a second output port, the second output port being connected to the first output port, and the first output port being used to transmit and / or receive a first-phase radio frequency signal; The third output terminal is connected to the second output port, which is used to transmit and / or receive a second-phase radio frequency signal, wherein the first phase and the second phase are different.

20. The chip as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The chip also includes a power divider located inside the housing. The power divider includes a first input port, a first output port, and a second output port. The second coupler also includes a second input terminal, and the third coupler also includes a third input terminal. The first output port is coupled to the second input terminal, and the second output port is coupled to the third input terminal. The housing also includes a first input port, which is connected to the first input port and is used for transmitting and / or receiving the radio frequency signal.

21. The chip as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The chip further includes a first coupler located inside the housing. The first coupler includes a first input terminal, a first isolation terminal, a first through terminal, and a first coupling terminal. The second coupler further includes a second input terminal. The third coupler further includes a third input terminal. The first through terminal is coupled to the second input terminal, and the first coupling terminal is coupled to the third input terminal. The housing further includes a first input port and a second input port. The first input port is coupled to the first input terminal and is used for transmitting and / or receiving a first radio frequency signal. The second input port is coupled to the first isolation terminal and is used for transmitting and / or receiving a second radio frequency signal, or the second input port is used for coupling to the ground through a load.

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