Continuously variable transmission system

Abstract

A continuously variable transmission system for a vehicle, particularly a bicycle, is provided to assist a user in defining and controlling the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission. The user can define one or more speed ratios in a profile configuration that the user can select again in a subsequent ride. The user can select a profile configuration and become familiar and comfortable with the cadence and effort associated with the speed ratios of the profile configuration. The user can select among multiple profile configurations to change the operation of the continuously variable transmission without having to change any components of the transmission. The user can also select among operating modes, including a continuously shifting mode, a manual shifting mode, an automatic shifting mode, a learning mode, and / or a mapping mode.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 540,304, filed September 25, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system, and more particularly to a CVT system for bicycles, wherein the CVT can operate according to a predetermined and / or controllable speed ratio. Background Technology

[0004] Continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) are used in automobiles, snowmobiles, and other vehicles to provide a potentially infinite number of speed ratios or mechanical advantages between the engine and the tires or tracks that cause the vehicle to move. In one example, a CVT allows the engine to operate at a constant speed (in revolutions per minute), while the tires or tracks, and thus the vehicle, move at varying speeds and with varying torque as needed. Various types of CVTs exist, including toroidal, ratchet, hydrostatic / hydraulic, conical, and planetary gear types. The most common type of CVT is the pulley type, where a belt is positioned between two pulleys of variable diameter. One pulley corresponds to the input end of the transmission, and the other to the output end. As the pulley diameter changes, the belt's operating position on one pulley rises and its operating position on the other pulley falls, altering the speed ratio or mechanical advantage between the two pulleys and thus between the input and output ends of the CVT. Because the pulleys have a potentially infinite range of diameters and the belt has a potentially infinite number of positions on the pulleys, the transmission has a potentially infinite number of speed ratios.

[0005] Continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) in bicycles offer similar benefits to traditional derailleurs with sprockets and chains. For example, CVTs can establish a potentially unlimited number of gear ratios between the user's pedaling power and the output speed and torque of the rear wheel. Users can choose gear ratios suitable for specific terrain, riding conditions, or any other considerations. In contrast, the number of gear ratios in a traditional bicycle derailleur is limited, typically ranging from 3 to 21, where the user selects the desired ratio from a limited set of options. However, users may not be able to select precisely the appropriate gear ratio from the limited options, such as 3.5 or 4.7.

[0006] Traditional gearboxes possess some features that users might find desirable but are not available in continuously variable transmissions (CVTs). For example, traditional gearboxes have predetermined and familiar gear ratios. Therefore, a user can start riding a bicycle, quickly select a gear ratio, and pedal knowing the torque and cadence associated with that selected ratio. This is generally not available in CVTs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of embodiments of this disclosure is to provide a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system for bicycles, in which a user can define specific gear ratios that are stored and retrieved for use in subsequent rides. Thus, a user can begin riding the bicycle, quickly select a predefined gear ratio, and pedal with knowledge of the torque and cadence associated with the selected gear ratio. Through the definable and / or controllable gear ratios of the CVT, the user can customize the riding characteristics of the bicycle without altering any hardware associated with conventional transmissions, such as flywheels, gears, or sprockets.

[0008] An aspect of embodiments of this disclosure is to provide a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system having a CVT, a controller unit for instructing the transmission to change or maintain a specific gear ratio, and / or other components. In some embodiments, the system includes an input device that a user can engage to send input to the controller unit to define a gear ratio, select a gear ratio, select an operating mode, etc. The system may also include a shifting device that a user can engage to send input to the controller unit to cause the transmission to change a gear ratio. In various embodiments, the shifting device is a lever similar to a traditional bicycle gear shifter, wherein different physical positions of the lever correspond to different gear ratios. Alternatively, the shifting device may be a rotating portion on the handlebars, a button on the handlebars, or a button displayed on a screen. It should be understood that embodiments of this system may include some, all, or other combinations of these and / or components described herein.

[0009] An aspect of embodiments of this disclosure is to provide a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system in which a user engages an input device to define at least one gear ratio in a characteristic configuration stored on a controller unit for later use. In some embodiments, the input device has a screen having a user interface as a display and at least one button for interacting with the input device, which the user uses to define one or more gear ratios. The screen may be an LED, LCD, plasma, or other type of screen. In another embodiment, the input device is a touchscreen, wherein a user touches the touchscreen to interact with the input device and define one or more gear ratios. The input device may be any means that transmits user input to the controller unit of the system.

[0010] Many other gear ratios among the parameters can be stored in a feature configuration for later use. This feature configuration is a dataset of values ​​for the various parameters as described herein. A user can specify at least a single gear ratio in the feature configuration, causing the derailleur and bicycle to operate like a single-speed bicycle or a "fixed-gear bicycle." In other embodiments, the user specifies multiple gear ratios in the feature configuration, where the user can select any number of gear ratios as well as specific gear ratios themselves. Thus, in an exemplary embodiment, the user can specify ten gear ratios, where the differences between the first few gear ratios are relatively small, while the difference between the ninth and tenth gear ratios is greater than the differences between any other gear ratios. In another embodiment, the user specifies ten gear ratios, where the differences between adjacent gear ratios are all equal. Alternatively, the user can specify ten gear ratios and select each gear ratio such that they are all different, and for all selected gear ratios, the differences between two adjacent gear ratios are also different. The user can save feature configurations for work, feature configurations for exercise, feature configurations for inclement weather, feature configurations for mountainous terrain, etc.

[0011] The feature configuration can be invoked for use with different operating modes. For example, a user can select a manual shifting mode and then select a specific and predefined feature configuration to use with the manual shifting mode. Furthermore, it should be understood that the user can limit any number of parameters within the feature configuration. For example, the user can limit the rate at which the continuously variable transmission (CVT) changes gear ratios. The user can select a fast rate of gear ratio change, which may be more suitable for racing or competitive environments. Alternatively, the user can select a slower rate of gear ratio change, which may be more comfortable for leisure situations. Additionally, the user can define thresholds or conditions under which the controller unit takes automatic actions, such as upshifting and downshifting, based on the gear ratio or the gear ratio range of the feature configuration. The system can also automatically set some or all aspects of the feature configuration. In some embodiments, the user can select a desired number of gear ratios, as well as selectable maximum and minimum gear ratios, and then the system, particularly the controller unit, automatically sets the gear ratios. The system can uniformly set the gear ratios between the maximum and minimum gear ratios, which can be defined by the user or otherwise predefined.

[0012] An aspect of embodiments of this disclosure is to provide a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system with a continuously variable shift mode. In this mode, a user changes the transmission ratios in a stepless and continuous manner between an infinite number of gear ratios. The user can engage the shift mechanism to send input to the controller unit to change the gear ratio to any ratio between a minimum and a maximum gear ratio. The minimum and maximum gear ratios can be predefined at or between the functional limits of the CVT. In other embodiments, the user can use an input device to define the minimum and maximum gear ratios of the CVT mode. Then, when the user selects the CVT mode during a subsequent travel, the minimum and maximum gear ratios have already been defined by the user. In yet another embodiment, the user can define a first minimum and a first maximum gear ratio in a first characteristic configuration, a second minimum and a second maximum gear ratio in a second characteristic configuration, and so on, and then select from multiple characteristic configurations after selecting the CVT mode. It should be understood that the user can control other aspects of the system, including, for example, speed, at which the CVT gear ratios are changed by engaging the shift mechanism.

[0013] Another aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure is to provide a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system with a manual shifting mode. During operation, a user can select a manual shifting mode, then select one of several characteristic configurations, and begin riding the bicycle knowing one or more gear ratios within the selected characteristic configuration. The user can then, for example, manually shift gears between predetermined gear ratios using a shifting device.

[0014] Another aspect of embodiments of this disclosure is to provide a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system with an automatic shifting mode. Here, a user can select this mode and then choose from a plurality of user-predefined or otherwise predefined characteristic configurations. These characteristic configurations may include one or more gear ratios and other features described herein. During operation and in the case of the selected characteristic configuration, the controller unit receives one or more inputs to determine when to automatically shift between gear ratios. In one example, the controller unit receives input from a torque sensor indicating that the user is applying significant force at the current gear ratio. If the torque input is above a threshold value, the controller unit automatically causes the CVT to change the gear ratio to another predetermined gear ratio in the selected characteristic configuration. As described herein, the controller unit may also consider above- or below-threshold times and / or other variables when determining when to automatically shift between gear ratios, in conjunction with input from a cadence sensor. In this mode, the user can also manually change the gear ratios of the CVT by engaging, for example, a shift mechanism, to manually control the automatic shifting.

[0015] In some embodiments, the system can automatically trigger other actions based on input from sensors, such as changing the gear ratio or other aspects of the characteristic configuration. In one example, the input device is a humidity sensor that can detect whether it is raining outside. When the user selects a characteristic configuration for controlling the gearshift, the controller unit can receive input from the humidity sensor and determine that the humidity value is above a threshold and that it may be raining outside. Based on this, the controller unit changes at least one parameter of the characteristic configuration (e.g., the gear ratio) to reduce torque at the wheels and reduce slippage in the rain, thereby limiting the overall speed of the bicycle to prevent high-speed slippage, etc.

[0016] One aspect of this disclosure is providing a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system with a learning mode. In one example, when a user selects this mode, the user can perform a test ride to generate trip data. Geographic data such as trip length and altitude elevation can be derived from this test data. Subsequently, based on the geographic data, the system can automatically generate a characteristic configuration with at least one gear ratio. In various embodiments, greater altitude elevation is associated with the need for a greater number of gear ratios; therefore, the system generates a characteristic configuration with more gear ratios. For example, the user can cause the system to automatically set a characteristic configuration for work, a characteristic configuration for exercise, a characteristic configuration for inclement weather, a characteristic configuration for mountainous terrain, etc., all using the learning mode and the test ride.

[0017] It should be understood that the learning mode can be used in conjunction with other operating modes, and the various operating modes described herein are not necessarily mutually exclusive. In one example, in automatic shift mode, the controller unit collects data from the user regarding manual overdrive input. If the controller unit causes the transmission to downshift to another gear ratio when the input torque is higher than a threshold value, but the user manually overdrives this change to shift back to the original gear ratio, the system and controller unit will automatically increase the torque threshold used to downshift to the next gear ratio.

[0018] Another aspect of embodiments of this disclosure provides a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system with a map mode. Here, a user selects a map mode, and a controller unit can automatically create a characteristic configuration based on geographic data derived from map data. For example, the system may include a transceiver to receive Global Positioning System (GPS) data, and the controller unit creates the characteristic configuration based on local terrain. The system can take into account changes in altitude within a predetermined radius when setting the number of gear ratios in the characteristic configuration. For example, in situations with significant altitude variations, such as in mountainous areas, the system may set a higher number of gear ratios compared to flatter terrain. It should be understood that the system may include a port through which a controller or other processor can receive map data.

[0019] A first aspect of this disclosure is to provide a system for power transmission in a bicycle, the system comprising: a continuously variable transmission (CVT) configured to transmit power from a user to the wheels of the bicycle and configured to operate at any speed ratio within a range of speed ratios; a controller unit operably in communication with the CVT; and an input device operably in communication with the controller unit, wherein the input device is configured to relay a speed ratio input from the user to the controller unit; wherein, based on the speed ratio input, the controller unit is configured to set a characteristic-configured speed ratio stored in a storage device of the controller unit; and wherein the controller unit is configured to cause the CVT to operate at the characteristic-configured speed ratio.

[0020] The system of the first aspect may optionally include an input device configured to relay a second gear ratio input from a user to a controller unit, wherein, based on the second gear ratio input, the controller unit is configured to set a second gear ratio with characteristic configuration.

[0021] The system of the first aspect may include one or more of the foregoing embodiments, and optionally, based on the selection of the gear ratio, the controller unit is configured to cause the continuously variable transmission to shift from the characteristically configured gear ratio to a second gear ratio.

[0022] The system of the first aspect may include one or more of the foregoing embodiments, and optionally, one of the input device or shifting device is configured to relay the user's selection of the speed ratio to the controller unit.

[0023] The system of the first aspect may include one or more of the features described in the foregoing embodiments, and optionally, the feature configuration is one of a plurality of feature configurations stored on a storage device of the controller unit, wherein the input device is configured to relay the user’s selection of the feature configuration to the controller unit to select one of the plurality of feature configurations for operation of the continuously variable transmission.

[0024] The system of the first aspect may include one or more of the sensors described in the foregoing embodiments and optionally sensors configured to transmit sensor inputs to a controller unit, wherein, based on the sensor inputs, the controller unit is configured to automatically cause the continuously variable transmission to change from the first gear ratio to a second gear ratio.

[0025] The system of the first aspect may include one or more of the foregoing embodiments and optionally a transceiver that is operatively communicable with a network and a controller unit, wherein the transceiver is configured to relay a second feature configuration from the network to the controller unit.

[0026] A second aspect of this disclosure is to provide a system for transmitting power in a bicycle, the system comprising: a continuously variable transmission (CVT) configured to transmit power from a user to the wheels of the bicycle and configured to operate at any speed ratio within a range of speed ratios; a controller unit operatively communicative with the CVT; and a sensor configured to transmit sensor input to the controller unit; wherein, based on the sensor input, the controller unit is configured to cause the CVT to automatically shift from a first speed ratio to a second speed ratio.

[0027] The second aspect of the system may optionally include a sensor for pedal frequency, and the sensor input corresponds to the rotational rate of the bicycle crankshaft caused by the user pedaling.

[0028] The system in the second aspect may include one or more of the sensors described in the foregoing embodiments, and optionally the sensors are torque sensors, with the sensor input corresponding to the torque applied to the bicycle crankshaft caused by the user pedaling.

[0029] The system in the second aspect may include one or more of the aforementioned embodiments, and optionally the controller unit is configured to automatically cause the continuously variable transmission to change from a first gear ratio to a second gear ratio when the sensor input exceeds a threshold value.

[0030] The system in the second aspect may include one or more of the aforementioned embodiments, and optionally, the controller unit is configured to automatically change the continuously variable transmission from a first gear ratio to a second gear ratio when the sensor input is below a threshold value.

[0031] The system in the second aspect may include one or more of the aforementioned embodiments, and optionally, in manual overdrive of automatic shifting from a first gear ratio to a second gear ratio based on shift commands from the user, the controller unit causes the continuously variable transmission to change from the second gear ratio to the first gear ratio.

[0032] The system in the second aspect may include one or more of the aforementioned embodiments, and optionally, based on manual overdrive, the controller unit changes the value of such a threshold, and the sensor input exceeds or falls below the threshold to automatically cause the continuously variable transmission to change its operation from a first gear ratio to a second gear ratio.

[0033] The system of the second aspect may include one or more of the foregoing embodiments and optionally an input device operable in communication with the controller unit, wherein the input device is configured to relay a threshold value from a user to the controller unit to set the threshold value, wherein a sensor input exceeding or falling below the threshold value automatically causes the continuously variable transmission to change its operation from a first gear ratio to a second gear ratio, wherein the threshold value is set for characteristics stored in a storage device of the controller unit.

[0034] A third aspect of this disclosure is to provide a system for transmitting power in a bicycle, the system comprising: a continuously variable transmission (CVT) configured to transmit power from a user to the wheels of the bicycle and configured to operate at any speed ratio within a range of speed ratios; and a controller unit operably in communication with the CVT, wherein the controller unit is configured to receive geographic data; wherein, based on the geographic data, the controller unit is configured to automatically set the number of speed ratios and the value of each speed ratio in a characteristic configuration; wherein the controller unit is configured to cause the CVT to operate at the speed ratios of the characteristic configuration.

[0035] The third aspect of the system may optionally include an input device operable in communication with the controller unit, wherein the input device is configured to relay mode selection input from a user to the controller unit, wherein, based on the mode selection input, the controller unit is configured to record trip data in a learning mode and derive geographic data from the trip data.

[0036] The system in the third aspect may include one or more of the aforementioned embodiments, and optionally, the geographic data derived from the trip data includes at least one of elevation gain or trip length.

[0037] The system in the third aspect may include one or more of the aforementioned embodiments and a transceiver optionally operable to communicate with the network and the controller unit, wherein the transceiver is configured to relay map data from the network to the controller unit and derive geographic data from the map data.

[0038] The system in the third aspect may include one or more of the foregoing embodiments, and optionally, the geographic data derived from the map data includes elevation values, which are the difference between the lowest and highest elevations in the geographic region.

[0039] The phrases “at least one,” “one or more,” and “and / or” used in this article are open-ended expressions that can be used operationally as both conjunctions and separators. For example, each of the expressions “at least one of A, B, and C,” “at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more of A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, or C,” and “A, B, and / or C” represents a single A, a single B, a single C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C.

[0040] Unless otherwise stated, all figures used in the specification and claims to indicate quantities, dimensions, conditions, etc., shall in all cases be understood to be modified by the term “about”.

[0041] As used herein, the term "a" refers to one or more of the same entity. Therefore, the terms "a," "one or more," and "at least one" are used interchangeably herein.

[0042] The terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” and their variations, as used herein, are intended to cover the items listed thereafter and their equivalents, as well as other additional items. Therefore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” and their variations, are used interchangeably herein. The terms “joining with,” and their variations, as used herein, are intended to cover any direct or indirect connection between components.

[0043] It should be understood that the term "means" as used herein should be interpreted in the broadest sense according to 35 U.S.SC §112(f). Therefore, claims containing the term "means" should cover all structures, materials, or actions described herein, and all their equivalents. Furthermore, structures, materials, or actions and their equivalents should include all that is described in the summary, description of the drawings, detailed description, abstract, and the claims themselves.

[0044] These and other advantages will become apparent from one or more of the inventions disclosed herein. The above embodiments, objectives, and configurations are not exhaustive. The summary is neither intended nor should be construed as representing the full scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, references to "the invention" or aspects thereof herein should be understood as referring to certain embodiments of the invention / disclosure, and not necessarily as limiting all embodiments to the specific description. The invention has been set forth in varying degrees of detail in the summary, drawings, and detailed description, and the inclusion or exclusion of elements, components, etc., in the summary is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other aspects of the invention will become more apparent from the detailed description, particularly in conjunction with the drawings.

[0045] It should be understood that any feature or aspect described herein may be claimed in conjunction with any other feature (multiple features) or aspect (multiple aspects) described herein, regardless of whether such feature or aspect comes from the same described embodiment.

[0046] Any one or more aspects described herein can be combined with any other one or more aspects described herein. Any one or more features described herein can be combined with any other one or more features described herein. Any one or more embodiments described herein can be combined with any other one or more embodiments described herein. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the following description is merely illustrative of the principles of this disclosure, which can be applied in various ways to provide a wide range of different alternative embodiments. This description is intended to illustrate the general principles of the teachings of this disclosure and is not intended to limit the inventive concepts disclosed herein.

[0048] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, together with the overview of the invention given above and the detailed description of the drawings given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0049] Figure 1A This is a simplified diagram of an embodiment of a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 1B This is a simplified diagram of another embodiment of a continuously variable transmission system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 1C This is a simplified diagram of yet another embodiment of a continuously variable transmission system according to the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0052] Figure 1D This is a simplified diagram of another embodiment of a continuously variable transmission system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the controller unit of a continuously variable transmission system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] Figure 3A This is a flowchart for setting a characteristic configuration for use with a continuously variable transmission system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] Figure 3B This is another flowchart for setting characteristic configurations for use with a continuously variable transmission system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a continuously variable transmission (CVT) mode for operation of a CVT system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a manual shifting mode for operation of a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0058] Figure 6A This is a flowchart of an automatic shifting mode for operation of a continuously variable transmission system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] Figure 6B This is another flowchart of an automatic shifting mode for operation of a continuously variable transmission system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0060] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a learning mode for operating a continuously variable transmission system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0061] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the learning mode for operation of a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system according to embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0062] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a map mode for operating a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0063] It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and various dimensions may be changed. In some cases, details that are not necessary for understanding the invention or that make other details difficult to identify may be omitted. Of course, it should be understood that the invention is not necessarily limited to the specific embodiments shown herein.

[0064] 2 systems

[0065] 4. Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)

[0066] 6 controller units

[0067] 8 input devices

[0068] 10-speed shift device

[0069] 12 sensor inputs

[0070] 14 transceivers

[0071] 16 Networks

[0072] 17 motors

[0073] 18 storage devices

[0074] 20 Central Processing Units (CPUs)

[0075] 22 Computer-readable storage media reader

[0076] 24 working memory

[0077] 26. Program (Code)

[0078] 28. Setting Feature Configuration

[0079] 29. Set the minimum / maximum speed ratio

[0080] 30 sets the number of speed ratios

[0081] 32. Set the speed ratio value

[0082] 34. Set other values

[0083] 36. Save quantity and value

[0084] 38 Select Feature Configuration

[0085] 40. Setting Feature Configuration

[0086] 41. Set minimum / maximum speed ratio

[0087] 42. Set the number of speed ratios

[0088] 44 Automatically set the speed ratio value

[0089] 46. ​​Save quantity and value

[0090] 48 Select Feature Configuration

[0091] 50 CVT mode

[0092] 52 Selection Mode

[0093] 54 Select Feature Configuration

[0094] 56 upshift

[0095] 58 downgrade

[0096] 60 manual shift mode

[0097] 62 Selection Mode

[0098] 64 Select Feature Configuration

[0099] 66 upshift

[0100] 68 downgrade

[0101] 70 Automatic Shift Mode

[0102] 71 Automatic Shift Mode

[0103] 72 Selection Mode

[0104] 74 Select Feature Configuration

[0105] 75 Check auxiliary thresholds

[0106] 76 Check upper limit threshold

[0107] 77 motor assist

[0108] 78 upshift

[0109] 80 Check lower threshold

[0110] 82 downshift

[0111] 84 Learning Mode

[0112] 86 Selection Mode

[0113] 88 Receive Manual Over-Control

[0114] 90 Change the shift threshold

[0115] 92 Learning Mode

[0116] 94 Selection Mode

[0117] 96. Collect itinerary data

[0118] 98 Automatic Setting Feature Configuration

[0119] 100 Map Mode

[0120] 102 Selection Mode

[0121] 104 Collect map data

[0122] 106 Automatic Setting Feature Configuration Detailed Implementation

[0123] Although detailed descriptions of many different embodiments are set forth below, it should be understood that the legal scope of this description is defined by the wording of the claims at the end of this disclosure. The detailed descriptions should be understood as exemplary only, and not every possible embodiment is described, as describing every possible embodiment of the transmission is impractical, or even impossible. Many alternative embodiments can be implemented using prior art or technology developed after the date of this patent application, and these alternative embodiments still fall within the scope of the claims. Furthermore, any combination of features shown in the various figures can be used to create additional embodiments of this disclosure. Thus, the dimensions, aspects, and features of one embodiment of the transmission can be combined with the dimensions, aspects, and features of another embodiment of the transmission to create the claimed embodiment.

[0124] Figures 1A to 1D Various embodiments of the continuously variable transmission system 2 are shown, with different combinations of components. Figure 1A The illustrated system 2 includes a continuously variable transmission (CVT) 4, a controller unit 6 operably communicating with the CVT 4, an input device 8 operably communicating with the controller unit 6, and a shifting device 10 operably communicating with the controller unit 6. The operable communication between the components of system 2 can be any wired or wireless connection. Typically, the controller unit 6 receives inputs from devices 8 and 10, thereby causing the CVT 4 to operate in a specific manner, for example, at a certain speed ratio. In some embodiments, the shifting device 10 may also communicate with the input device 8.

[0125] The continuously variable transmission (CVT) 4 can be any transmission capable of operating between its input and output ends at a potentially unlimited number of speed ratios or mechanical advantages. In the context of a vehicle such as a bicycle, the user provides power to the input end of the CVT 4 by pedaling the crankshaft. The output end of the CVT 4 rotates the bicycle's rear wheel via, for example, a chain and sprockets. It should be understood that embodiments of this disclosure cover a variety of applications, such as vehicles other than bicycles.

[0126] The controller unit 6 can receive input from users, sensors, and other sources. Based on this input, the controller unit 6 then causes the continuously variable transmission (CVT) 4 to operate at a specific speed ratio, change between speed ratios, change the speed ratio at a specific rate, or change any other operating parameters of the CVT 4. In the example of a pulley-type CVT 4, the controller unit 6 can induce the above actions by actuating a linear motor, hydraulic system, pneumatic system, etc., to change the distance between the grooved pulleys of the belt. This change causes the belt to travel at a higher position on one pulley and a lower position on the other, which alters the speed ratio and mechanical advantages of the CVT 4. Therefore, the speed ratio of the CVT 4 is controlled by controlling the distance between the grooved pulleys.

[0127] Input device 8 allows a user to provide input to controller unit 6. As described herein, system 2 has different operating modes and speed ratios can be stored in feature configurations. Therefore, a user can engage input device 8 to provide input to controller unit 6 in order to set speed ratios for feature configurations, select between feature configurations, and select between operating modes. In some embodiments, input device 8 has buttons, touchscreens, or other interfaces that a user can engage to provide input to controller unit 6.

[0128] System 2 may also include a shifting device 10. Once the user has set and selected any mode, feature configuration, gear ratio, etc., the user begins riding the bicycle. While the bicycle is in motion, it may be difficult for the user to engage the buttons or touchscreen of the input device 8. Therefore, the user can optionally engage the shifting device 10 to send input to the controller unit 6 to shift gears between gear ratios while the bicycle is in motion. In various embodiments, the shifting device 10 is a conventional bicycle shifter, such as a lever or other component, wherein different physical positions of the lever or other component are associated with different gear ratios of the continuously variable transmission 4. In one embodiment, the shifting device 10 includes a Hall sensor that detects the position of the lever or other component and transmits the input to the controller unit 6. Subsequently, based on this input, the controller unit 6 can cause the continuously variable transmission 4 to operate at a specific (e.g., predetermined) gear ratio.

[0129] Figure 1BAnother embodiment of system 2 is shown, which has a continuously variable transmission 4, a controller unit 6, and a shifting device 10, but does not include an input device. Figure 1A (8) Therefore, system 2 can be used for continuously variable transmission (CVT) operation. As regarding... Figure 4 As described, the user can select a continuously variable transmission (CVT) mode, or the system 2 can operate only in CVT mode. In this mode, the user can engage the shift mechanism 10 to continuously change the gear ratios of the CVT 4. This continuous change is performed in a stepless manner, where there are no predefined gear ratios or "gears" when the system 2 is running. For example, the shift mechanism 10 may include two buttons, one for upshifting and one for downshifting, and the user can engage the buttons to roll the range of gear ratios. The user can press and hold the upshift button to begin rolling the gear ratios towards a higher speed and lower torque ratio. When the user releases the upshift button, the system 2 will cause the CVT 4 to operate at the selected gear ratio. Similarly, the user can press and hold the downshift button to begin rolling the gear ratios in the opposite direction towards a lower speed and higher torque ratio. When the user releases the downshift button, the system 2 will cause the CVT 4 to operate at the selected gear ratio. In other embodiments, the shifting device 10 includes a wheel, wherein rotation of the wheel in one direction causes the speed ratio to roll toward a higher speed, lower torque speed ratio, and rotation of the wheel in the opposite direction causes the speed ratio to roll toward a lower speed, higher torque speed ratio.

[0130] In various embodiments, the gear ratio can be established by the shifting device 10 instead of the controller unit 6. Therefore, even in continuously variable transmission (CVT) mode, the system 2 can still operate at a predefined gear ratio. Here, the physical position of the lever or other component in the shifting device 10 corresponds to the gear ratio of the CVT 4, and the shifting device 10 may also have the feature of holding or pushing the lever to a predetermined position corresponding to a predetermined gear ratio. For example, a spring-loaded pawl can be driven into the outer surface of the lever, which has a recess. When the user moves the lever, causing the spring-loaded pawl to be driven into the recess, this action holds or pushes the lever in a specific position. Therefore, the shifting device 10 transmits input to the controller unit 6, causing the CVT 4 to operate at a specific gear ratio. The lever may have multiple recesses corresponding to multiple gear ratios, and the user can replace the lever or the shifting device 10 to establish a different set of gear ratios.

[0131] Figure 1C Another embodiment of system 2 is shown, which has a continuously variable transmission 4, a controller unit 6, and an input device 8, but does not include a shifting device. Figure 1A(10) The user can engage input device 8 to define the gear ratio in the characteristic configuration and other actions described herein. The user can also select an automatic shifting mode for the bicycle and system 2, wherein system 2 can automatically change the gear ratio without input from the user or the shifting device.

[0132] Figure 1D An embodiment of system 2 is shown, the system having several components, including a sensor 12 operatively communicatively with a controller unit 6. The sensor 12 can provide information to the controller unit 6 as sensor input. Based on this sensor input, the controller unit 6 can automatically cause the continuously variable transmission 4 to change its gear ratio, as shown regarding... Figure 6A For example, sensor 12 can be a cadence sensor that detects the rate at which the user rotates the bicycle crankshaft. If this rate is too high, it may indicate that the user is not experiencing much resistance while pedaling and can benefit from a different gear ratio that will increase the bicycle's speed. Therefore, if the cadence detected by sensor 12 exceeds a threshold value, the controller unit 6 will automatically cause the continuously variable transmission 4 to upshift to another gear ratio to obtain a higher speed and lower torque output to the bicycle wheels. It is worth noting that in any of the embodiments described herein, the shifting device 10 may be part of or combined with the input device 8.

[0133] Similarly, sensor 12 can function as a torque sensor, which measures the torque applied by the user to the bicycle crankshaft. If this torque becomes too low, it may indicate that the user is experiencing less resistance while pedaling and is able to benefit from a different gear ratio that would increase the bicycle's speed. Therefore, if the torque detected by sensor 12 is below a threshold value, controller unit 6 will automatically cause continuously variable transmission 4 to upshift to another gear ratio to achieve higher speed and lower torque output to the bicycle wheels.

[0134] Other examples of sensors include, but are not limited to, heart rate sensors, GPS sensors, speed sensors, accelerometers, orientation sensors (e.g., gyroscopes), wind speed sensors, wind direction sensors, humidity sensors, and temperature sensors. Controller unit 6 can also consider inputs that can be determined by sensors or other means, such as the current gear ratio of the transmission, the motor assist level associated with the electric bicycle, and the battery state. Controller unit 6 can then use these inputs to determine the bicycle's position and orientation, as well as weather conditions, as considerations for initiating any action at the continuously variable transmission (CVT) 4. In one example, controller unit 6 can determine the bicycle's orientation, specifically whether its tilt is at an angle higher than a predetermined threshold when going uphill. Based on this information, controller unit 6 can cause the CVT 4 to downshift. Conversely, when the bicycle is going downhill, controller unit 6 can cause the CVT 4 to upshift.

[0135] System 2 may also include a transceiver 14 that can interact with a network 16, such as the Internet. The transceiver 14 can relay information, such as additional input, to the controller unit 6. For example, a user can download feature configurations, operating modes, map data, geographic data, and other information from the network 16 to the controller unit 6 via the transceiver 14. In some embodiments, a user can transmit information from the controller unit 6 to the network 16 via the transceiver 14. This can be useful when a user wishes to store feature configurations, operating modes, map data, trip data, geographic data, or other information at a remote location or wishes to share data with a friend.

[0136] System 2 may include a motor 17 operatively connected to the wheels of a bicycle. An electric bicycle, or "electric-assisted bicycle," is a vehicle that incorporates the motor 17 to assist the user in exerting force, for example, when the user is riding uphill, on long-distance journeys, or otherwise exerting significant force. In this disclosure, the controller unit 6 may instruct the motor 17 to assist the user, as an alternative to or in conjunction with the continuously variable transmission (CVT) 4, shifting gear ratios. (As per the...) Figure 6B As described, under certain conditions, controller unit 6 can cause motor 17 to assist the user instead of changing the speed ratio.

[0137] Figure 2A simplified diagram of a controller unit 6 in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure is shown, wherein the actions, inputs, outputs (e.g., outputs from the controller unit to a continuously variable transmission), and processing described herein can be performed. The controller unit 6 may have one or more components that are operatively communicable to each other via a bus or other components. Here, the controller unit 6 includes a storage device 18, a central processing unit (CPU) 20 for implementing computational functions, a computer-readable storage medium reader 22, and working memory 24.

[0138] For example, one or more storage devices 18 may be storage media, such as disk drives, optical storage devices, solid-state storage devices such as random access memory (RAM) and / or read-only memory (ROM), which may be programmable, flash-updatable, and / or other forms. Working memory 24 may be the storage medium of RAM and ROM devices as described above. As disclosed herein, the term "storage medium" can refer to one or more devices for storing data, including ROM, RAM, magnetic RAM, magnetic core memory, disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices, and / or other machine-readable media for storing information.

[0139] The computer-readable storage medium reader 22 can also be connected to a computer-readable storage medium, together (and optionally, in conjunction with one or more storage devices 18) collectively representing a remote, local, fixed, and / or removable storage device plus storage medium for temporarily and / or more permanently containing computer-readable information. Communication systems or transceivers ( Figure 1D 14) allows communication with the network ( Figure 1D 16) and / or the counting machine environment described herein, for data exchange with any other computer described above.

[0140] The controller unit 6 may also include software elements, shown as currently residing in working memory 24, which includes program 26, such as an operating system or other code. It should be understood that alternative embodiments of the controller unit 6 can have many variations described above. For example, specific elements can also be implemented using customized hardware and / or in hardware, software (including portable software such as applets), or a combination of both. Furthermore, connectivity with other computing devices (e.g., network input / output devices) can be employed. Moreover, in some embodiments, Figure 2 Some or all of the components shown can be used as input devices. Figure 1D Part of 8). In a further embodiment, the controller unit 6 and the input device 8 may be the same physical device.

[0141] Figure 3A and Figure 3BFlowcharts (methods) 28 and 40 are shown for setting characteristic configurations for one or more speed ratios, which can be saved and recalled for use in subsequent runs. Figure 3A An embodiment of a method 28 for setting up feature configuration is shown, wherein a user can engage an input device ( Figure 1D Step 8) is used to set the characteristic configuration. An optional step anywhere in this method is for the user to define a maximum and / or minimum gear ratio. The user inputs the number of gear ratios and then sets a value for each gear ratio. In some embodiments, the user selects a continuously variable transmission (CVT). Figure 1D The exact gear ratio in step 4) is specified, and different values ​​are assigned to different gear ratios for different feature configurations. In other embodiments, the user selects a value corresponding to the gear ratio. Not all potential users may know the exact values ​​of the gear ratios of the continuously variable transmission (CVT). Therefore, in these embodiments, the user can enter "1" to represent the "lowest" gear or the gear ratio that provides maximum torque and mechanical advantage, enter "10" to represent the "highest" gear or the gear ratio that provides maximum speed, or any value in between.

[0142] Users can also customize other operating aspects of the continuously variable transmission (CVT). Figure 3A In this system, the user can set the rate at which the 34-speed continuously variable transmission (CVT) changes between different gear ratios. Faster rates are suitable for racing, while slower rates are more suitable for leisurely riding. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the user can specify an exact rate. In other embodiments, the user can specify "1" for the slowest rate, "10" for the fastest rate, or any value in between. In other embodiments, the user can set the time interval between shifts between adjacent gear ratios.

[0143] Once all desired parameter values ​​are set, the user saves the feature configuration 36, which can be stored in the controller unit. Figure 2 Storage device (6) Figure 2 In step 18), the user can then later select feature configuration 38, whereby the controller unit causes the continuously variable transmission (CVT) to operate according to that feature configuration. If multiple feature configurations are saved, the user selects feature configuration 38 from among them. Some embodiments may include all or some of actions 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38, as well as other actions, in any combination. For example, in one embodiment, the user sets a feature configuration for a continuously variable transmission (CVT) mode, where the user sets a minimum gear ratio and a maximum gear ratio, as per the description of... Figure 4 As described.

[0144] Figure 3B A flowchart 40 is shown for setting up feature configurations, wherein at least one value is determined by, for example, a controller unit ( Figure 26) Automatic Setting. An optional step anywhere in this method is for the user to set 41 the maximum and / or minimum gear ratio. Here, the user can set 42 the number of gear ratios, and then automatically set 44 the value for each gear ratio. The controller unit can automatically set these values ​​in several ways. In one example, the controller unit sets the first gear ratio to the minimum, the last gear ratio to the maximum, and then sets the remaining gear ratios in between, such that the difference between adjacent gear ratios is equal. 46 This feature configuration is saved, and the user can then select 48 this feature configuration for later use. In another example, the controller unit receives geographic information, such as that derived from map data or trip data, and then automatically generates a feature configuration based on trip length, elevation gain, elevation difference, etc. Here, the controller unit can compare the elevation gain with a set of thresholds to determine the number of gear ratios used for that feature configuration, where a greater elevation gain results in a greater number of gear ratios. For example, if the altitude rise is below the first threshold, the controller unit will set the number of speed ratios to one; if the altitude rise reaches or exceeds the first threshold but is below the second threshold, the number of speed ratios will be set to two; if the altitude rise reaches or exceeds the second threshold but is below the third threshold, the number of speed ratios will be set to three, and so on.

[0145] Users can control which values ​​are set automatically. In some embodiments, users may want the controller unit to automatically set the values ​​for each speed ratio. Therefore, the user sets all parameter values ​​in the characteristic configuration except for those for each speed ratio. Subsequently, the user can instruct the controller unit to automatically set the unspecified values, i.e., the values ​​for each speed ratio. For automatic mode or any other mode, when the characteristic configuration contains a large number of parameters, the user can work based on a template characteristic configuration. Users may not want to manually or automatically set every possible parameter in the characteristic configuration. Therefore, users can select a template characteristic configuration with predetermined values ​​for some or all parameters and then modify the parameters as needed.

[0146] Figure 4 A flowchart 50 illustrates the continuously variable transmission (CVT) operating modes for a CVT system. Here, the user can optionally select CVT mode 52 and optionally select a characteristic configuration 54 including a minimum and maximum gear ratio. The user can then engage the shift mechanism to perform upshifts 56 and downshifts 58 in a stepless manner, rather than shifting between a finite number of discrete gear ratios or rotational ratios. In other embodiments, the minimum and maximum gear ratios can be preset by the manufacturer, and the user can select CVT mode 52 and begin using the bicycle and its CVT system. In yet another embodiment, the CVT mode is the only mode or the default mode, and the user can simply begin using the bicycle and CVT system without selecting any mode.

[0147] Figure 5 A flowchart 60 is shown for the manual shifting mode of operating a continuously variable transmission (CVT). Here, as... Figure 3A and Figure 3B As described above, the user or other entity has predefined the characteristic configuration. Therefore, the user can select the manual shifting mode (62), choose characteristic configuration (64), and then ride the bicycle, upshifting (66) and downshifting (68) as needed. With the selected characteristic configuration, the user understands the different gear ratios within that configuration. Therefore, similar to using a traditional bicycle derailleur with a sprocket, freewheel, and chain, the user can pedal and ride with an understanding of the cadence and effort required for each gear ratio. When a different gear ratio characteristic configuration is needed, the user can select another characteristic configuration without changing any part of the derailleur hardware.

[0148] Figure 6A A flowchart 70 is shown for operating the automatic shifting modes of a continuously variable transmission (CVT). Here, the user can select an automatic shifting operating mode 72, and then select a gear ratio characteristic configuration 74. It is worth noting that the user can select from the same set of characteristic configurations for different operating modes. Therefore, the user can select a certain characteristic configuration in manual shifting operating mode and then select the same characteristic configuration in automatic operating mode.

[0149] Once the 74-feature configuration is selected, the controller unit ( Figure 2 (6) Based on input from sensors, the continuously variable transmission (CVT) can automatically operate at different speed ratios, including upshifting and downshifting. Figure 6A In this system, the controller unit can receive input, for example, from a torque sensor, corresponding to the torque applied by the user to the bicycle pedals and crankshaft. If the controller unit determines that the input value is higher than a threshold 76, it can cause the continuously variable transmission (CVT) to downshift 78 for easier pedaling. Similarly, if the controller unit determines that the input value is lower than a threshold 80, it can cause the CVT to upshift 82 to increase the bicycle's speed. The controller unit can also take other inputs, such as time, into consideration. Once the user stops applying torque to the pedals and begins coasting for a period of time, the user may not want to change gear ratios. Therefore, in some embodiments, the controller unit can determine that if the input value is lower than a threshold 80 for a period of time (e.g., ten seconds), it will cause the CVT to upshift 82.

[0150] Another consideration for automatic upshifting or downshifting is the user's pedaling cadence. Cadence, or the rate of crankshaft rotation, corresponds to the force exerted by the user while pedaling; a lower cadence indicates greater force exertion, while a higher cadence indicates less force exertion. Therefore, referring to... Figure 6AWhen the controller unit considers cadence to upshift and downshift, the input value is reversed relative to a threshold. If the input value is higher than the threshold, the controller unit will cause the CVT to upshift; if the input value is lower than the threshold, the controller unit will cause the CVT to downshift. The controller unit can also consider combinations of torque, cadence, and time. If the torque input is higher than a certain threshold and the cadence input is lower than a certain threshold, the controller unit will automatically downshift.

[0151] When a continuously variable transmission (CVT) includes a shift mechanism, the user can manually override the automatic shifting of gear ratios by engaging the shift mechanism to upshift or downshift. As described herein, these overrides can be incorporated into a learning mode, where the CVT system adjusts the thresholds used for automatic shifting based on the manual override. It should also be understood that the user can set the thresholds for upshifting and downshifting, and when setting the characteristic configuration, the variables of these upshifts and downshifts (torque, cadence, time, etc.) need to be considered. More generally, each gear ratio can have conditions for upshifting and conditions for downshifting, where each condition can be a threshold, a group of thresholds, or a mechanism for determining when to switch gear ratios.

[0152] Figure 6B Another flowchart 71 is shown for the automatic shifting mode used to operate a continuously variable transmission (CVT). (Compared to...) Figure 6A Similar to the flowchart, the user can select automatic shift mode 72, and then select the characteristic configuration for operation. The system then considers values ​​from sensors (e.g., a torque sensor) and compares them to various thresholds. First, if the torque value is higher than an auxiliary threshold 75, it is compared to an upper shift threshold 76. If the value is higher than the upper shift threshold 76, the controller unit causes the continuously variable transmission (CVT) to downshift 78. If the value is higher than the auxiliary threshold 75 but lower than the upper shift threshold 76, the controller unit causes the motor to assist the user 77 in applying force, without causing the CVT to change gear ratios. Using this arrangement, the system maintains the current gear ratio with the assistance of the motor, rather than changing gear ratios.

[0153] If the torque value is not higher than the assist threshold 75, the torque value is compared with the lower shift threshold 80, and if necessary, the controller unit causes the continuously variable transmission (CVT) to upshift 82. In this embodiment, the motor assists the user when the torque value is between the assist threshold and the upper shift threshold, but it should be understood that this disclosure covers any combination of using the motor as part of an automatic shifting mode or other mode. For example, in some embodiments, the system may include a motor operating mode in which the user can turn the assist threshold and the motor enabled or disabled. The user can set the assist threshold manually or automatically, and the assist threshold can be stored in a feature configuration. In various embodiments, the motor can continue to propel the bicycle or other vehicle when the user stops pedaling without switching any gear ratios. Furthermore, as Figure 6A As shown in the flowchart, when the controller unit considers cadence to upshift or downshift, the input value is reversed with the threshold.

[0154] Figure 7 A flowchart 84 is shown for the learning mode used in operation. It should be understood that the operating modes described herein are not mutually exclusive; on the contrary, the controller unit can operate multiple operating modes simultaneously. The learning mode is such a mode, which can operate simultaneously, for example, with the automatic shifting mode. Therefore, when the input device ( Figure 2 When the attached figure shows reference 8), the user can select ( Figure 6A (See attached diagram 72) Automatic shift mode, also selectable is 86 Learning mode. During operation, when the controller unit automatically causes the continuously variable transmission (CVT) to change the gear ratio, but the user does not like the change, the user can engage the shift mechanism to change the gear ratio back to the original ratio. This event is manual overrun, and the controller unit will receive input 88 for possible future operations.

[0155] Once the controller unit receives 88 manual overdrives, it can take various actions. In one example, if the controller unit receives another 88 manual overdrives after automatically downshifting, it can change the shift threshold. For instance, if the correlation value from the sensor is torque in automatic shifting mode, the controller unit can increase the threshold for that sensor value. In another embodiment, the controller unit can increase the threshold after two manual overdrives in a single stroke. In yet another embodiment, the controller unit can record a dataset of manual shift points and thresholds from the user and set a new threshold for automatic shifting based on that dataset. In yet another embodiment, the controller unit can receive a manual overdrive and begin a ten-second pause during which it will no longer automatically cause any gear ratio changes. It should be understood that the controller unit can take any combination of these or other actions sequentially or simultaneously.

[0156] Figure 8 A flowchart 92 is shown for a learning mode used in another operation. Here, the user selects 94 the learning mode to collect 96 trip data during a test ride. The user may conduct the test ride between home and work. Subsequently, the controller unit will take one or more actions based on the geographical data collected from the test ride and derived from the trip data. The controller unit may automatically set 98 a configuration including the number of gear ratios and the characteristics of the gear ratios themselves based on the trip length and altitude gain from the trip data. When there is a large altitude gain over a shorter distance, the controller unit may set a larger number of gear ratios, where the difference between adjacent gear ratios is small. In another embodiment, the trip data may include cadence and torque information when the user shifts up or down. For example, the controller unit may average multiple torque values ​​when the user shifts from a third gear ratio to a second gear ratio to set a target torque value for the automatic shifting mode.

[0157] Figure 9 A flowchart 100 is shown for the map modes used in operation. The user can initiate the system's operation by selecting map mode 10. Subsequently, the controller unit ( Figure 1D (6) The 106 characteristic configurations can be automatically set in various ways. For example, the controller unit can be configured via a transceiver ( Figure 1D 14) and network ( Figure 1D (e.g., the internet) receives 104 map data. The geographic data used to build feature configurations can be derived from this map data. This geographic data may include, but is not limited to, information about the amount of elevation change within a geographic area. Here, the geographic area can be a circle with a radius of one mile, two miles, etc., or other shapes pre-defined or defined by the user. Within this geographic shape, the geographic data can have a minimum elevation and a maximum elevation, where the elevation change is the difference between these two values.

[0158] In another embodiment, the geographical area is a route drawn by the user, and relevant geographical data is then obtained from map data and the drawn route. When the elevation gain within the geographical area is large, the controller unit can automatically set a larger number of gear ratios (e.g., 10⁶). When the elevation gain within the geographical area is small, the controller unit can automatically set a smaller number of gear ratios (e.g., 10⁶).

[0159] The controller unit can automatically set 106 feature configurations and save them for future use. Therefore, the user can select map mode 102 and have the controller unit automatically set 106 feature configurations for commuting, another feature configuration for local leisure areas, and so on. After setting the feature configurations, the user can use another mode, such as manual shift mode, to use those feature configurations during commutes to work or trips to local leisure areas.

[0160] Although various embodiments of the system and method have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations will occur to these embodiments. It should be clearly understood that all such modifications and variations are within the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Furthermore, it should be understood that the wording and terminology used herein are for descriptive purposes only and should not be considered limiting. The use of the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” and variations thereof is intended to cover all items listed thereafter and their equivalents, as well as additional items. Moreover, it should be understood that the claims are not necessarily limited to the specific features or steps described herein. Rather, these specific features and steps are disclosed as embodiments for implementing the claimed system and method.

[0161] As used herein, the term "automatic" and its variations refer to any processing or operation performed without substantial human input. However, a processing or operation can be automatic even if its execution uses substantial or non-substantial human input, provided that input is received prior to its execution. Human input is considered substantial if it influences how the processing or operation will be performed. Human input that permits the execution of a processing or operation is not considered "substantial."

[0162] As used herein, the term "bus" and its variations can refer to a subsystem that transmits information and / or data between various components. A bus generally refers to a collection of communication hardware interfaces, interconnects, bus architectures, standards, and / or protocols that define a communication scheme for a communication system and / or communication network. A bus can also refer to a portion of communication hardware that interfaces with other components of the corresponding communication network. A bus can be used in wired networks (e.g., a physical bus) or wireless networks (e.g., a portion of an antenna, or hardware that connects communication hardware to an antenna). The bus architecture supports defined formats for sending and receiving information and / or data over the communication network. Protocols can define the format and rules of communication within the bus architecture.

[0163] "Communication mode" can refer to any defined protocol or standard, or a specific communication session or interaction, such as Voice over Internet Protocol ("VoIP"), cellular communications (e.g., IS-95, 1G, 2G, 3G, 3.5G, 4G, 4G / IMT-Advanced standards, 3GPP, WIMAX™, GSM, CDMA, CDMA2000, EDGE, 1xEVDO, iDEN, GPRS, HSPDA, TDMA, UMA, UMTS, ITU-R, and 5G), Bluetooth™, text or instant messaging (e.g., AIM, Blauk, eBuddy, Gadu-Gadu, IBM Lotus Sametime, ICQ, iMessage, IMVU, Lync, MXit, Paltalk, Skype, Tencent QQ, Windows Live Messenger™ or Microsoft Network (MSN) Messenger™, Wireclub, Xfire, and Yahoo! Messenger™), email, Twitter (e.g., posting a tweet), Digital Service Protocol (DSP), etc.

[0164] As used herein, the terms "communication system" or "communication network" and their variations can refer to a collection of communication components capable of transmitting, relaying, interconnecting, controlling, or otherwise manipulating one or more of information or data from at least one transmitter to at least one receiver. Therefore, communication can include a series of systems that support the point-to-point transmission or broadcasting of information or data. A communication system can refer to either a collection of individual communication hardware or interconnects associated with and connecting these individual communication hardware components. Communication hardware can refer to dedicated communication hardware or a processor coupled to a communication device (e.g., an antenna) and running software capable of using the communication device to transmit and / or receive signals within the communication system. Interconnects refer to certain types of wired or wireless communication links that connect various components (e.g., communication hardware) within a communication system. A communication network can refer to a specific configuration of a communication system having a collection of individual communication hardware and interconnects with certain definable network topologies. A communication network can include wired and / or wireless networks pre-configured as self-organizing network structures.

[0165] As used herein, the term "computer-readable medium" refers to a tangible storage and / or transmission medium that participates in providing instructions to a processor for execution. Such media can take many forms, including but not limited to non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media include, for example, non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) or disks or optical discs. Volatile media include dynamic memory, such as main memory. Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, but not limited to, floppy disks, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes or any other magnetic media, magneto-optical media, read-only memory (ROM), optical disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), any other optical media, punched cards, paper tape or any other physical media with a pattern of holes, random access memory (RAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory EPROM, solid-state media such as memory cards, any other memory chips or tapes, the carrier wave described below, or any other medium from which a computer can read data. Digital file attachments attached to emails, or other self-contained information archives or collections of archives, are considered a distribution medium equivalent to tangible storage media. When a computer-readable medium is configured as a database, it should be understood that the database can be any type of database, such as relational, hierarchical, object-oriented databases, and / or others. Therefore, this disclosure is considered to include tangible storage or distribution media, as well as equivalent and successor media recognized by the prior art, in which software implementations of this disclosure are stored. It should be noted that any non-signal transmission computer-readable medium can be considered non-transient.

[0166] As used herein, the term "display" and its variations are interchangeable and can refer to any panel and / or area of ​​an output device that can display information to an operator or user. A display may include, but is not limited to, one or more control panels, one or more instrument housings, one or more indicators, one or more meters, one or more gauges, one or more lamps, one or more computers, one or more screens, one or more displays, one or more head-up display (HUD) units, and one or more graphical user interfaces.

[0167] As used herein, the term "module" means any known or subsequently developed hardware, software, firmware, artificial intelligence, fuzzy logic, or combination of hardware and software capable of performing the functions associated with that element.

[0168] The terms “determine,” “calculate,” and “compute,” as used herein, and their variations thereof, are used interchangeably and include any type of method, process, mathematical operation, or technique.

[0169] While the exemplary aspects, embodiments, options, and / or configurations shown herein demonstrate that various components of the system are juxtaposed, some components of the system may also be located in remote locations, at the far end of a distributed network (e.g., a local area network (LAN) and / or the Internet), or within a dedicated system. Therefore, it should be understood that components of the system can be integrated into one or more devices (e.g., personal computers (PCs), laptops, netbooks, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablets, etc.) or juxtaposed on specific nodes of a distributed network, such as analog and / or digital telecommunications networks, packet-switched networks, or circuit-switched networks. As can be understood from the foregoing description, and for computational efficiency reasons, it is understood that components of the system can be arranged anywhere within the distributed network of components without affecting the operation of the system. For example, various components may be located in switches (e.g., user-level switches (PBXs)) and media servers, gateways, in one or more communication devices, at one or more user locations, or some combination of the foregoing. Similarly, one or more functional parts of the system can be distributed between one or more telecommunications devices and associated computing devices.

[0170] Furthermore, it should be understood that the various links connecting the elements can be wired or wireless links, or any combination of the two, or any other known or hereafter developed element capable of supplying data to and / or communicating with the connected element. These wired or wireless links can also be secure links and may be capable of transmitting encrypted information. For example, the transmission medium used as the link can be any carrier suitable for electrical signals, including coaxial cables, copper wires, and optical fibers, and can also take the form of sound waves or light waves, such as those generated during radio wave and infrared data communication.

[0171] Optionally, the systems and methods of this disclosure may be implemented in combination with a dedicated computer, a programmable microprocessor or microcontroller and one or more peripheral integrated circuit elements, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or other integrated circuit, a digital signal processor, hard-wired electronic circuitry or logic circuitry such as discrete component circuitry, a programmable logic device or gate array such as a PLD, PLA, FPGA, PAL, a dedicated computer, or any similar means. Generally, any one or more means or devices capable of implementing the methods shown herein can be used to implement various aspects of this disclosure. Exemplary hardware that can be used for the disclosed embodiments, configurations, and aspects includes computers, handheld devices, telephones (e.g., cellular phones, internet-enabled phones, digital phones, analog phones, hybrid phones, and other types), and other hardware known in the art. Some of the above-described means include processors (e.g., single or multiple microprocessors), memory, non-volatile storage devices, input devices, and output devices. Furthermore, alternative software implementations may be constructed, including but not limited to distributed processing or component / object distributed processing, parallel processing, or virtual machine processing, to implement the methods described herein.

[0172] In embodiments, the disclosed methods can be readily implemented using software from an object-oriented or object-based software development environment that provides portable source code usable on various computer or workstation platforms. Alternatively, the disclosed system can be partially or fully implemented in hardware using standard logic circuits or very large-scale integrated circuit (VLSI) designs. Whether a system according to this disclosure is implemented using software or hardware depends on the system's speed and / or efficiency requirements, specific functionalities, and the particular software or hardware system or microprocessor or microcomputer system used.

[0173] In yet another embodiment, the disclosed method can be implemented in part in software, which can be stored on a storage medium and executed on a programmed general-purpose computer in conjunction with a controller and memory, a dedicated computer, a microprocessor, etc. In these cases, the systems and methods of this disclosure can be implemented as programs embedded in a personal computer (e.g., applets, Java programs). ® The system can be implemented as a program or computer-generated image (CGI) script, or as a resource residing on a server or computer workstation, or as a routine embedded in a dedicated measurement system, system component, etc. The system can also be implemented by physically integrating the system and / or method into the software and / or hardware system.

[0174] Although this disclosure describes components and functions implemented in aspects, embodiments, and / or configurations with reference to specific standards and protocols, such aspects, embodiments, and / or configurations are not limited to these standards and protocols. Other similar standards and protocols not mentioned herein exist and are considered to be included in this disclosure. Furthermore, the standards and protocols mentioned herein, as well as other similar standards and protocols not mentioned herein, are regularly superseded by faster or more efficient equivalents having substantially the same functionality. Such replacement standards and protocols having the same functionality are considered equivalents included in this disclosure.

[0175] Examples of processors described herein may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: Qualcomm ® Snapdragon ® Qualcomm's 800 and 801 series, which integrate 4G LTE functionality and support 64-bit computing, are examples of this technology. ® Snapdragon ® Apple 610 and 615, using a 64-bit architecture ® A7 processor, Apple ® M7 motion coprocessor, Samsung ® Exynos® series, Intel ® Core™ series processors, Intel ® Xeon ® Series processors, Intel ® Atom™ series processors, Intel Itanium ® Series processors, Intel ® Core ® i5-4670K and i7-4770K (22nm Haswell), Intel ® Core ® i5-3570K (22nm Ivy Bridge), AMD ® FX™ series processors, AMD ® FX-4300, FX-6300 and FX-8350 (32nmVishera), AMD ® Kaveri processor, Texas Instruments ® Jacinto C6000™ in-vehicle infotainment processor, Texas Instruments ® OMAP™ automotive-grade mobile processor, ARM ® Cortex™-M processor, ARM ®Cortex-A and ARM926EJ-S™ processors, as well as other industry equivalent processors, can be used to perform computing functions using any known or future-developed standards, instruction sets, libraries, and / or architectures.

Claims

1. A system for power transmission in a bicycle, the system comprising: A continuously variable transmission (CVT) configured to transmit power from a user to the wheels of the bicycle and configured to operate at any speed ratio within a range of speed ratios; A controller unit, which is operatively communicative with the continuously variable transmission; as well as An input device, which is operatively communicative with the controller unit, wherein the input device is configured to relay speed ratio input from the user to the controller unit; Based on the speed ratio input, the controller unit is configured to set a speed ratio of characteristic configuration stored in the storage device of the controller unit; The controller unit is configured to cause the continuously variable transmission to operate at the speed ratio configured by the aforementioned characteristics.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The input device is configured to relay a second speed ratio input from the user to the controller unit, and wherein, based on the second speed ratio input, the controller unit is configured to set the second speed ratio of the feature configuration.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein, Based on the selection of the speed ratio, the controller unit is configured to cause the continuously variable transmission to shift from the speed ratio configured in the characteristic configuration to the second speed ratio.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein, One of the input device or the shifting device is configured to relay the user's selection of the speed ratio to the controller unit.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The feature configuration is one of a plurality of feature configurations stored on the storage device of the controller unit, wherein the input device is configured to relay the user's selection of the feature configuration to the controller unit so as to select one of the plurality of feature configurations for operating the continuously variable transmission.

6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a sensor configured to transmit sensor input to the controller unit, wherein, Based on the sensor input, the controller unit is configured to automatically cause the continuously variable transmission to change from the first gear ratio to the second gear ratio.

7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a transceiver operatively communicable with the network and the controller unit, wherein the transceiver is configured to relay a second feature configuration from the network to the controller unit.

8. A system for power transmission in a bicycle, the system comprising: A continuously variable transmission (CVT) configured to transmit power from a user to the wheels of the bicycle and configured to operate at any speed ratio within a range of speed ratios; A controller unit that can communicate and operate with the continuously variable transmission; as well as A sensor configured to transmit sensor input to the controller unit; Based on the sensor input, the controller unit is configured to cause the continuously variable transmission to automatically shift from a first gear ratio to a second gear ratio.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein, The sensor is a pedal frequency sensor, and the sensor input corresponds to the rotational speed of the bicycle crankshaft caused by the user pedaling.

10. The system according to claim 8, wherein, The sensor is a torque sensor, and the sensor input corresponds to the torque applied to the crankshaft of the bicycle caused by the user pedaling.

11. The system according to claim 8, wherein, The controller unit is configured to automatically cause the continuously variable transmission to change from the first gear ratio to the second gear ratio when the sensor input exceeds a threshold value.

12. The system according to claim 8, wherein, The controller unit is configured to automatically cause the continuously variable transmission to change from the first gear ratio to the second gear ratio when the sensor input is below a threshold value.

13. The system according to claim 8, wherein, Based on the shift command from the user, the controller unit causes the continuously variable transmission to change from the second gear ratio to the first gear ratio during manual overdrive of the automatic shift from the first gear ratio to the second gear ratio.

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein, Based on the manual overdrive, the controller unit changes the value of a threshold such that the sensor input exceeds or falls below the threshold to automatically cause the continuously variable transmission to change its operation from the first gear ratio to the second gear ratio.

15. The system of claim 8, further comprising an input device operatively communicatively with the controller unit, wherein, The input device is configured to relay a threshold value from the user to the controller unit to set the threshold value. The sensor inputs a value exceeding or falling below the threshold to automatically cause the continuously variable transmission to change its operation from the first gear ratio to the second gear ratio. The threshold value is set based on characteristics stored in the storage device of the controller unit.

16. A system for power transmission in a bicycle, the system comprising: A continuously variable transmission (CVT) configured to transmit power from a user to the wheels of the bicycle and configured to operate at any speed ratio within a range of speed ratios; as well as A controller unit, which is operatively communicative with the continuously variable transmission; The controller unit is configured to receive geographic data; Based on the geographic data, the controller unit is configured to automatically set the number of speed ratios and the value of each speed ratio in the feature configuration; The controller unit is configured to cause the continuously variable transmission to operate at the speed ratio in the characteristic configuration.

17. The system of claim 16, further comprising an input device operatively communicatively with the controller unit, wherein, The input device is configured to relay mode selection input from the user to the controller unit, wherein, based on the mode selection input, the controller unit is configured to record trip data in learning mode and derive the geographic data from the trip data.

18. The system according to claim 17, wherein, The geographic data derived from the trip data includes at least one of elevation gain or trip length.

19. The system of claim 16, further comprising a transceiver operatively communicatively with a network and the controller unit, wherein, The transceiver is configured to relay map data from the network to the controller unit, and the geographic data is derived from the map data.

20. The system according to claim 19, wherein, The geographic data derived from the map data includes elevation change values, which are the difference between the lowest and highest elevations in a geographic region.

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