A rail grinding device

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of rail polishing device, it is related to rail polishing equipment technical field, it solves the problem of low efficiency of existing active rail polishing process, unstable quality.Rail polishing device includes polishing process polishing device body, the bottom of polishing device body is connected with rigid polishing beam by pressing device, the bottom of rigid polishing beam is provided with multiple grinding stones on the same level by pedestal;Grinding stone is passively rotated under the traction of polishing device body and rigid polishing beam, and the continuous stability of processing effect is guaranteed by the pressing force of pressing device, so that the grinding surface is more gentle;The effective length of rigid polishing beam is extended, multiple grinding stones are supported and acted by rigid polishing beam, to avoid and reduce the phenomenon of "going with the flow" caused by uneven wave grinding of grinding stone, so that the uneven polishing of steel rail surface is more effective, and the quality is more stable.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of patent application CN202310988012.9, entitled "Passive Grinding Process and Grinding Device for Uneven Rail Surface," with the parent application date being August 7, 2023. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of rail grinding technology, and in particular to a rail grinding device. Background Technology

[0003] Rail vehicles move forward guided by rails. Rail surface corrugation and localized short-wave irregularities can cause a sharp increase in wheel-rail forces, thus exacerbating damage to the track system and shortening its lifespan. Simultaneously, short-wave irregularities on the rail surface can increase the vibration acceleration of critical vehicle components, reducing both vehicle lifespan and operational stability. The increased noise caused by wheel-rail vibration also reduces passenger comfort, leading to damage to track structural components, decreased train performance, abnormal noise, and increased maintenance cycles and costs.

[0004] Currently, the main factors causing a sharp increase in wheel-rail force during rail vehicle operation are short-wave corrugations and localized irregularities within a 1-meter radius of the rail surface. These short-wave irregularities can be transformed into long-wave irregularities exceeding 1 meter through grinding. Simultaneously, grinding reduces the difference between wave depth and wave crest, thus mitigating and weakening the impact of short-wave irregularities on rail vibration and noise during vehicle track system operation. With the development of vehicle track systems and the increasing demands for operational smoothness and safety, more efficient and reliable grinding processes are needed to address rail surface irregularities and corrugations.

[0005] Current rail grinding equipment mainly adopts active grinding. Existing active grinding uses a power unit to drive a single grinding stone to rotate at high speed, and uses the end face of the grinding stone to grind the rail. It relies on the experience of the operators, resulting in low efficiency and unstable quality. When dealing with longitudinal unevenness of the rail, if the wavelength of the short-wave unevenness on the rail surface exceeds the diameter of the grinding stone, the grinding stone is prone to "following the wave" of the relative unevenness. It cannot effectively repair the high and low points of the unevenness, and has low ability to treat the upper surface of the rail and insufficient reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rail grinding device to solve the problems of low efficiency and unstable quality in existing active rail grinding with grinding stones. The preferred technical solutions among the various technical solutions provided by this invention and their numerous technical effects are detailed below.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides a rail grinding device, comprising: Grinding device body; A rigid grinding beam is connected to the bottom of the grinding device body via a pressing device; an angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the grinding beam and the grinding device body. A plurality of grinding stones are mounted on the same horizontal level at the bottom of the rigid grinding beam via a base. The base is detachably mounted below the rigid grinding beam, and a rotational positioning structure is provided between the base and the rigid grinding beam. An adjustable angle A is formed between the end face of the grinding stone and the longitudinal direction of the rail along its long axis. The rotational positioning structure adjusts the angle A of the grinding stone relative to the rail. The circumferential surface of the grinding stone gradually conforms to the shape of the rail and forms a conformal contact as it wears down due to friction with the rail. When the angle A is 0 degrees, the grinding stone rolls relative to the rail. When the angle A is 90 degrees, the grinding stone does not roll and experiences pure friction with the rail. The passive grinding process for uneven rail surfaces includes the following steps: Multiple grinding stones of the same size are set at the same level on a rigid grinding beam via a base; The short-wave irregularities on the rail surface are ground. The rigid grinding beam moves along the rail under the drive of the grinding device body. The grinding stone is attached to the rail and the grinding stone and the rail are in conformal contact on the contact surface. The grinding stone is passively rotated under the traction force generated by the movement of the rigid grinding beam. At this time, the friction generated between the circumferential surface of the grinding stone and the rail during the rotation achieves passive grinding of the rail. When installing a grinding stone on a rigid grinding beam, if the angle of attack A is increased, the grinding force of the grinding stone relative to the upper surface of the rail along the long axis of the rail will increase. If the angle of attack A is decreased, the grinding force of the grinding stone relative to the long axis of the rail will decrease. When the angle of attack A is decreased until the end face of the grinding stone is parallel to the long axis of the rail, the grinding stone will make a pure rolling motion relative to the rail. When installing grinding stones on a rigid grinding beam, adjust the tilt angle or position of the grinding beam relative to the rail to change the working surface and relative position of the grinding stones on the rail.

[0008] Preferably, the base is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft through a positioning hole, the grinding stone is sleeved on the rotating shaft through a central through hole, and the rigid grinding beam corresponds to the steel rail.

[0009] Preferably, the grinding stone is cylindrical, and the circumferential surface of the grinding stone is in contact with the rail.

[0010] Preferably, the effective grinding length of the rigid grinding beam is greater than the wavelength of the short-wave irregularity on the rail surface.

[0011] Preferably, the effective grinding length of the rigid grinding beam is set to be 2m or more.

[0012] Preferably, the pressing device is a spring or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the grinding beam changes its position relative to the cross section of the rail by adjusting the tilt angle mechanism, thereby changing the action surface and relative position of the grinding stone on the rail.

[0014] This invention provides a rail grinding device in which grinding stones come into frictional contact with the rail and are passively rotated on the rail surface under the traction of the grinding device body and rigid grinding beam. A downward pressure device applies downward pressure to the rigid grinding beam and grinding stones. The downward pressure can be adjusted according to the different wave heights, rail materials, and grinding process requirements when dealing with uneven rail surfaces, ensuring continuous and stable processing results and making the ground surface smoother. Multiple grinding stones are arranged at the same level at the bottom of the rigid grinding beam via a base, extending the effective working length of the rigid grinding beam. The multiple grinding stones support and interact with each other through the rigid grinding beam, avoiding and reducing the "following the wave" phenomenon that occurs when grinding stones are relatively uneven, making the grinding of uneven rail surfaces more effective and with more stable quality. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when a spring is selected as the pressing device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when a hydraulic cylinder is selected as the pressing device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of grinding with the grinding stone conformally contacting the rail at an angle A in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of grinding stone on rigid grinding beam contacting steel rail at an inclination angle B in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the rigid grinding beam moving along the direction of the grinding traction force when the grinding rail surface is uneven due to low collapse and short wave. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rigid grinding beam moving along the direction of the grinding traction force (arrow) when the short-wave grinding is gradually processed into long-wave grinding within the process requirements when the grinding rail surface is low-collapsed and uneven. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the rigid grinding beam moving along the direction of the grinding traction force when grinding the short-wave unevenness of the rail surface boss in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the existing active polishing process; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working process of existing active polishing when the phenomenon of drifting with the current occurs. Figure 10 This is a side view of the structural schematic diagram of the rotary positioning structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a front view of the structural schematic diagram of the rotary positioning structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a bottom view of the structural schematic diagram of the rotary positioning structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of short-wave grinding on the rail surface in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Grinding device body; 2. Pressing device; 3. Rigid grinding beam; 4. Base; 5. Grinding stone; 6. Rail; 7. Rotary positioning base; 71. Positioning hole; A. Angle of attack A; B. Inclination angle B; C. Point C. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0019] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the embodiments shown below do not limit the scope of the invention as described in the claims. Additionally, the complete contents of the configurations represented in the embodiments below are not limited to those necessary for the solution of the invention described in the claims.

[0020] The following is in conjunction with the instruction manual appendix. Figure 1-13 A rail grinding device according to this embodiment will be described in detail.

[0021] refer to Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides a rail grinding device, including a grinding device body 1. The bottom of the grinding device body 1 is connected to a rigid grinding beam 3 through a pressing device 2. Multiple grinding stones 5 are arranged on the bottom of the rigid grinding beam 3 at the same level through a base 4.

[0022] The grinding stone 5 makes frictional contact with the rail 6 and passively rotates on the surface of the rail 6 under the traction of the grinding device body 1 and the rigid grinding beam 3. A stable downward pressure is applied to the rigid grinding beam 3 and the grinding stone 5 by the downward pressure device 2. The downward pressure applied to the grinding beam 3 and the grinding stone 5 can be adjusted according to different rail surface conditions and materials. By adjusting this process parameter, different materials of rails can be ground, ensuring continuous and stable processing results and making the ground surface smoother. Multiple grinding stones 5 are set at the same level at the bottom of the rigid grinding beam 3 via the base 4, extending the effective working length of the rigid grinding beam 3. The multiple grinding stones 5 support and act on each other through the rigid grinding beam 3, avoiding and reducing the "drifting" phenomenon that occurs when the grinding stones are relatively uneven, making the grinding of uneven rail surfaces more effective and the quality more stable. It should be noted that the pressing device 2 can be a spring or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0023] refer to Figure 1-4 As an optional implementation, the base 4 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft through a positioning hole, the grinding stone 5 is sleeved on the rotating shaft through a central through hole, and the rigid grinding beam 3 corresponds to the steel rail 6.

[0024] The grinding stone 5 is fixed to the base 4 by a rotating shaft. The grinding stone 5 can rotate relative to the base 4. By changing the relative position and angle of the base 4 with respect to the rigid grinding beam 3 through the fixed connection, the positional relationship of the grinding stone 5 on the rigid grinding beam 3 can be adjusted and changed. The rigid grinding beam 3 corresponds to the steel rail 6, ensuring that the grinding stone 5 under the rigid grinding beam 3 can effectively contact the steel rail 6 for grinding.

[0025] refer to Figure 3 As an optional implementation, the grinding stone 5 is cylindrical, and the circumferential surface of the grinding stone 5 is in contact with the rail 6. As the circumferential surface of the grinding stone 5 is worn down by friction with the rail 6, it gradually conforms to the shape of the rail 6 to form a conformal contact.

[0026] As the grinding stone 5 continuously grinds and contacts the surface of the rail 6, the grinding stone 5 itself also experiences wear corresponding to that of the rail 6. As the grinding stone 5 grinds and contacts the rail 6, the circumferential surface gradually wears down and conforms to the shape of the rail 6, forming a conformal contact that matches the shape of the rail 6. This results in a larger contact area between the grinding stone 5 and the rail 6, and a better grinding effect.

[0027] refer to Figure 1-9 As an optional implementation, the effective grinding length of the rigid grinding beam 3 is greater than the wavelength length of the short-wave irregularity on the rail surface of the rail 6.

[0028] By extending the effective length of the rigid grinding beam 3 to a length greater than the wavelength of the short-wave irregularity on the rail surface of the rail 6, the rigid grinding beam 3 will not fall entirely into the low-lying area of ​​the short-wave irregularity on the rail surface of the rail 6. This ensures that, under the same number of cutting cycles, the grinding amount at the high point of the irregularity is always greater than that at the low point, thus preventing the occurrence of... Figure 9 The existing active grinding stone shown rotates actively in the direction of angular velocity ω. When it actively grinds downward in the direction of external force N, the relatively uneven surface will cause a "wave-following" phenomenon. In order to prevent the grinding of the "wave-following" phenomenon from being unable to shorten the wave depth distance between the high point and the low point of the uneven surface, the grinding is ineffective.

[0029] It should be noted that the main impact effect of the existing rail 6 on the wheel-rail system is short-wave irregularity with a rail surface wavelength of no more than 1m. The effective grinding length of the rigid grinding beam can be set to more than 2m to ensure the best grinding effect.

[0030] refer to Figure 1-9 As an optional implementation, the base 4 is detachably installed below the rigid grinding beam 3. A rotary positioning structure is provided between the base 4 and the rigid grinding beam 3. An adjustable angle A is formed between the end face direction of the grinding stone 5 and the longitudinal direction along the long axis of the rail 6. The rotary positioning structure rotates and adjusts the angle A of the grinding stone 5 relative to the rail 6.

[0031] The angle A between the grinding stone 5 and the rail 6 is changed by rotating the positioning structure, which facilitates adjustment.

[0032] It should be noted that the rotary positioning structure can be selected from, for example, Figure 10-12 The rotary positioning structure shown includes a rotary positioning base 7, which has multiple positioning holes 71 evenly arranged circumferentially. The base 4 is connected to the positioning holes 71 by screws. When installing the grinding stone 5, the base 4 is connected to the corresponding positioning hole 71 with the corresponding angle A as the angle between it and the long axis of the rigid grinding beam 3, thereby changing the angle of the grinding stone 5 relative to the rigid grinding beam 3. During grinding, the rigid grinding beam 3 is parallel to the rail 6, so that the grinding stone 5 grinds with the angle A as the angle relative to the rail 6.

[0033] As an optional implementation, when the angle of attack A is 0 degrees, the grinding stone 5 performs pure rolling motion relative to the rail 6; when the angle of attack A is 90 degrees, the grinding stone 5 does not roll and has pure friction with the rail 6.

[0034] By changing the angle of attack A, the rolling direction of the grinding stone 5 relative to the long axis of the rail 6 is changed, thereby efficiently and easily adjusting and changing the friction force of the grinding stone 5 on the surface of the rail 6, greatly improving the flexibility and efficiency of grinding.

[0035] As an optional implementation, an angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the grinding beam 3 and the grinding device body 1. The grinding beam 3 changes its position relative to the cross section of the rail 6 through the angle adjustment mechanism, thereby changing the action surface and relative position of the grinding stone 5 on the rail 6.

[0036] By adjusting the tilt angle or relative position of the grinding beam to the rail 6, the tilt angle B, the working surface, and the relative position of the grinding stone 5 on the rail 6 can be changed to adapt to different processing requirements.

[0037] It should be noted that the base 4 is detachably fixed to the bottom of the rigid grinding beam 3 by screws or bolts. The rotation positioning structure can be implemented by the technical features in the utility model patent with application number 202221089797.3 filed by the applicant earlier. Alternatively, the rotation positioning structure can be implemented by setting a motor at one end of the rigid grinding beam 3 to directly drive the rigid grinding beam 3 to rotate, thereby changing the tilt angle of the grinding beam relative to the rail 6.

[0038] refer to Figure 1-13 A passive grinding process for uneven rail surfaces includes the following steps: Multiple grinding stones 5 of the same specification are set on a rigid grinding beam at the same level through a base 4. The angle of the base 4 relative to the grinding beam is adjustable, thereby adjusting the angle of attack A of the grinding stone 5 relative to the rail. The short-wave irregularities on the rail surface are ground. The rigid grinding beam moves along the rail under the drive of the grinding device body. The grinding stone 5 is attached to the rail and the grinding stone 5 and the rail are in conformal contact on the contact surface. The grinding stone 5 is passively rotated under the traction force generated by the movement of the rigid grinding beam. At this time, the friction generated between the circumferential surface of the grinding stone 5 and the rail 6 during the rotation realizes the passive grinding of the rail.

[0039] The grinding stone 5 uses passive contact with the rail, allowing it to passively rotate and grind according to friction and traction, adapting to different movement speeds and offering greater adaptability and higher grinding efficiency. When the grinding stone 5 makes close contact with short-wave irregularities on the rail surface, under stress and pressure, this process significantly improves the grinding effect on the highest points of the wave crests on the rail surface compared to the lowest points of the wave troughs. When dealing with rail surface bosses, under the same number of grinding passes, the grinding amount gradually decreases from the wave crest to the trough, resulting in stable treatment and a smooth, continuous grinding surface. This avoids the problems associated with existing active grinding stone 5 grinding methods. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The step grinding section shown is characterized by active rotation in the direction of angular velocity ω and active grinding in the direction of external force N downwards. This results in better grinding effect and higher reliability.

[0040] It should be noted that multiple grinding stones 5 at the same level on the same rigid grinding beam can be set at different angles on the rigid grinding beam, so that the direction of the grooving cutting action between the abrasive grains of the grinding stone 5 and the rail is different. The greater the frictional resistance of the abrasive grains in the grooving of the rail surface, the more obvious the cutting effect.

[0041] refer to Figure 5-6 When grinding the low-collapse short-wave irregularities on the rail surface, the grinding stone 5 should first contact the high surface of the rail surface. After the high surface of the rail surface is treated, the grinding stone should gradually contact the trough of the low-collapse area according to the grinding amount, until the low-collapse short-wave irregularities are eliminated by grinding to the range required by the grinding process.

[0042] refer to Figure 7 When grinding the short-wave unevenness of the rail surface boss, the grinding stone 5 at the bottom of the rigid grinding beam first contacts the high point of the rail surface boss for grinding. As the unevenness at the high point of the boss is eliminated by grinding, the grinding stone 5 gradually increases its contact with the rail surface base material near the boss C point for grinding.

[0043] refer to Figure 1-9 In option 13, when the grinding stone 5 is installed on the rigid grinding beam, if the angle of attack A is increased, the grinding force of the grinding stone 5 relative to the upper surface of the rail along the long axis of the rail will increase. If the angle of attack A is decreased, the grinding force of the grinding stone 5 relative to the long axis of the rail will decrease. When the angle of attack A is decreased until the end face of the grinding stone 5 is parallel to the long axis of the rail or the axial direction of the grinding stone 5 is perpendicular to the long axis of the rail, the grinding stone 5 will perform pure rolling motion relative to the rail.

[0044] The longitudinal grinding force of the grinding stone 5 relative to the rail is adjusted by adjusting the angle of attack A.

[0045] As an optional implementation, when installing the grinding stone 5 on the rigid grinding beam, the tilt angle or position of the grinding beam relative to the rail can be adjusted to change the working surface and relative position of the grinding stone 5 on the rail.

[0046] The angle B of the grinding stone 5 relative to the rail can be adjusted by adjusting the tilt angle or the position of the grinding beam relative to the rail, thereby changing the position of the grinding stone 5 relative to the rail as needed to ensure effective coverage of the rail surface by the grinding beam and grinding stone 5.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "parallel," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., used herein to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] In the description herein, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rail grinding device, characterized in that, include: Grinding device body (1); A rigid grinding beam (3) is connected to the bottom of the grinding device body (1) via a pressing device (2); an angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the grinding beam (3) and the grinding device body (1); A grinding stone (5), and multiple grinding stones (5) are set on the same horizontal level at the bottom of the rigid grinding beam (3) via a base (4); the base (4) is detachably set below the rigid grinding beam (3), and a rotation positioning structure is provided between the base (4) and the rigid grinding beam (3); the end face direction of the grinding stone (5) forms an adjustable angle A with the longitudinal direction of the long axis of the rail; the rotation positioning structure rotates and adjusts the angle A of the grinding stone (5) relative to the rail; the circumferential surface of the grinding stone (5) will gradually conform to the shape of the rail and form a conformal contact as it wears down with friction with the rail; when the angle A is 0 degrees, the grinding stone (5) performs pure rolling motion relative to the rail; when the angle A is 90 degrees, the grinding stone (5) does not roll and has pure friction with the rail; The passive grinding process for uneven rail surfaces includes the following steps: Multiple grinding stones of the same size are set at the same level on a rigid grinding beam via a base; The short-wave irregularities on the rail surface are ground. The rigid grinding beam moves along the rail under the drive of the grinding device body. The grinding stone is attached to the rail and the grinding stone and the rail are in conformal contact on the contact surface. The grinding stone is passively rotated under the traction force generated by the movement of the rigid grinding beam. At this time, the friction generated between the circumferential surface of the grinding stone and the rail during the rotation achieves passive grinding of the rail. When installing a grinding stone on a rigid grinding beam, if the angle of attack A is increased, the grinding force of the grinding stone relative to the upper surface of the rail along the long axis of the rail will increase. If the angle of attack A is decreased, the grinding force of the grinding stone relative to the long axis of the rail will decrease. When the angle of attack A is decreased until the end face of the grinding stone is parallel to the long axis of the rail, the grinding stone will make a pure rolling motion relative to the rail. When installing grinding stones on a rigid grinding beam, adjust the tilt angle or position of the grinding beam relative to the rail to change the working surface and relative position of the grinding stones on the rail.

2. The rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (4) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft through a positioning hole, and the grinding stone (5) is sleeved on the rotating shaft through a central through hole. The rigid grinding beam (3) corresponds to the rail.

3. The rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding stone (5) is cylindrical, and its circumferential surface is in contact with the rail.

4. The rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective grinding length of the rigid grinding beam (3) is greater than the wavelength of the short-wave irregularity of the rail surface.

5. The rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective grinding length of the rigid grinding beam (3) is set to be more than 2m.

6. The rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing device (2) is selected from springs or hydraulic cylinders.

7. The rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding beam (3) changes its position relative to the cross section of the rail by adjusting the tilt angle mechanism, thereby changing the action surface and relative position of the grinding stone (5) on the rail.

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