Aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent, preparation method and application thereof in production of conical crusher accessory

Abstract

This invention discloses a slagging agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel, its preparation method, and its application in the production of cone crusher parts, belonging to the technical field of auxiliary materials for high-manganese steel casting. The slagging agent uses Al2O3 and CaO as core components, combined with auxiliary components such as SiO2, BaO, and B2O3, formulated in a specific mass fraction ratio. After drying pretreatment, it is applied to the casting of aluminum-containing high-manganese steel parts using a segmented addition process. This invention specifically solves the problems of cracks and pitting in parts caused by Al oxidation to form Al2O3 inclusions in aluminum-containing high-manganese steel. Through multi-component synergy, it achieves deep oxygen reduction, inclusion adsorption, and prevention of secondary oxidation, reducing the oxygen content of molten steel to ≤20ppm, Al2O3 inclusions to ≤0.005%, surface defect rate to ≤1.0%, internal density to ≥99.5%, hardness (HRC) to a stable 28~35, and impact toughness (α) to [missing value]. k ≥120J / cm 2 It is suitable for the production of thick-walled, high-load accessories such as cone crusher liners, significantly improving the overall performance of the accessories. The raw materials are readily available, the process is compatible, and it can be applied on a large scale.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of auxiliary materials for high manganese steel casting, specifically relating to an aluminum-containing high manganese steel slagging agent and its application in the production of cone crusher parts. Background Technology

[0002] Cone crushers, as core crushing equipment in industries such as mining, metallurgy, and construction, have core components such as liners, mantles, and crushing walls operating under conditions of high load, high frequency impact, and strong wear. This places extremely high demands on the hardness, toughness, wear resistance, and density of the materials used. High manganese steel, due to its excellent impact toughness and work hardening properties, is currently the mainstream material for cone crusher components. However, traditional high manganese steel has limited surface hardness and impact wear resistance. Under long-term high-load crushing operations, components are prone to premature wear and breakage, severely affecting the normal operating efficiency of the equipment and increasing production costs for enterprises.

[0003] To address the performance deficiencies of traditional high-manganese steel parts, the industry commonly employs a technique of adding Al (Al) to high-manganese steel. Al can significantly improve the surface hardness and impact wear resistance of high-manganese steel. When combined with rare earth elements and Cu (Cu), it can also improve the material's fatigue resistance and extend the service life of parts. For example, Chinese patent document CN121344459A discloses a method for preparing rare earth microalloyed high-manganese steel wear-resistant parts, controlling the Al content at 12.1-16%. This technology achieves a 66%-73.6% improvement in wear resistance compared to traditional methods.

[0004] However, a significant technical challenge exists in the smelting and casting process of aluminum-containing high-manganese steel: Al is chemically reactive and readily reacts with oxygen in the air to form Al2O3 inclusions. Cone crusher components are mostly thick-walled, large-sized castings, requiring extremely high density and surface quality. Al2O3 inclusions, with their low density, are difficult to separate from molten steel and tend to remain, leading to defects such as cracks, pitting, and slag inclusions on the casting surface. This reduces the impact load resistance of the components, making them prone to premature failure during long-term high-frequency impact crushing operations. Therefore, effectively removing Al2O3 inclusions from molten aluminum-containing high-manganese steel and reducing its oxygen content has become a key bottleneck in the widespread application of aluminum-containing high-manganese steel in cone crusher component production.

[0005] Slag-forming agents, as indispensable auxiliary materials in the casting process, have the core function of adsorbing oxide inclusions and removing oxygen from molten steel, thereby purifying the steel and improving the quality of castings. Currently, various slag-forming agents exist for high-manganese steel, but there are few dedicated slag-forming agents for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel, and existing slag-forming agents generally suffer from insufficient compatibility, failing to meet the production needs of aluminum-containing high-manganese steel parts. For example, Chinese patent CN115852235B discloses a method for alloying high-tensile-strength high-manganese steel, whose slag-forming agent's main components are CaO and SiO2. While it can achieve a certain deoxidation and slag-forming effect, its adsorption capacity for Al2O3 inclusions is weak, failing to effectively solve the problem of Al2O3 inclusion residues in aluminum-containing high-manganese steel.

[0006] Existing slagging agent formulations primarily focus on achieving single deoxidation or inclusion adsorption functions, failing to integrate the synergistic mechanism between "adsorbing oxidized inclusions, assisting deoxidation, and inhibiting secondary oxidation." Consequently, it is difficult to maintain a consistently low oxygen content in molten steel. During casting, molten steel is still prone to secondary oxidation upon contact with air, regenerating oxidized inclusions and directly affecting the quality of the final casting. The design of process parameters also has shortcomings, including the method of slagging agent addition, dosage, and particle size distribution, failing to effectively match the smelting and casting processes of aluminum-containing high-manganese steel, thus limiting the full realization of the slagging agent's actual effectiveness. Furthermore, existing formulations generally face practical problems such as high raw material costs, complex production processes, and weak compatibility with existing production lines, further hindering the widespread application of this type of material in large-scale production.

[0007] In summary, the industry urgently needs a slagging agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel that is highly targeted, adaptable, and has excellent slagging effect. This agent could effectively solve technical problems such as residual Al2O3 inclusions in aluminum-containing high-manganese steel, excessive oxygen content in molten steel, and numerous surface defects in castings. It would also have advantages such as readily available raw materials, low production costs, process compatibility, and scalable application. Furthermore, it would be suitable for the production needs of various wear-resistant parts, such as those for cone crushers, improving the performance and service life of these parts and promoting the widespread application of aluminum-containing high-manganese steel in the field of crushing equipment parts. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the technical defects of existing aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slag-forming agents, such as weak adsorption capacity of Al2O3 inclusions, poor oxygen reduction effect of molten steel, inability to inhibit secondary oxidation, insufficient adaptability, and numerous casting defects and unstable performance caused by unreasonable parts production processes. This invention provides an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slag-forming agent and its application in the production of cone crusher parts.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A slagging agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel has the following composition by mass fraction: Al2O3: 40~45%, CaO: 38~42%, SiO2: 4.2~4.7%, BaO: 2.6~5.1%, B2O3: 1.0~1.8%, graphite powder: 1.2~2.0%, ilmenite powder: 1.9~3.3%, CaF2: 1.6~2.8%, Y2O3: 0.4~0.7%; the particle size of the slagging agent is 0.5~3mm, and the moisture content is ≤0.5%.

[0011] Furthermore, the particle size of slag-forming agents is divided according to the application scenario: 1~3mm for slag forming in the furnace, and 0.5~1mm for slag replenishment in the ladle.

[0012] Furthermore, the graphite powder has a fixed carbon content of ≥90%, the ilmenite powder has a TiO2 content of ≥50%, and the Y2O3 purity is ≥99%.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for preparing a slagging agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Ingredients and Mixing: Weigh each component according to the formula to ensure that the ratio error does not exceed ±0.1%; place the weighed materials in a mixer and stir at a speed of 280~320r / min for 40~50min to obtain a uniformly mixed material;

[0015] S2. Particle size classification: The uniformly mixed material is sieved to obtain finished materials with different particle size ranges;

[0016] S3. Gradient heating drying: Place the sieved material in the drying equipment, first keep it at 120~150℃ for 1 hour, then raise the temperature to 800℃ at a rate of 50℃ / h and keep it at a constant temperature for 2 hours. During the drying process, control the ambient humidity to ≤30%.

[0017] S4. Cooling: Allow the dried material to cool naturally to 400~450℃, then stir and cool to room temperature in a sealed container;

[0018] S5. Sealed Storage: Check the moisture content of the cooled material. If the moisture content is ≤0.5%, seal and store. If the moisture content is >0.5%, return to step S3 for additional drying until the material passes the test.

[0019] This invention also provides an application of an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent in the production of cone crusher parts, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1. Steel melting: Add the molten steel raw material to the melting furnace, heat it to 1520~1560℃ under the protection of an inert atmosphere, hold it for 20~30 minutes to completely melt and uniformly mix the raw material, and obtain aluminum-containing high manganese steel molten steel.

[0021] S2. In-furnace slagging: Add 70% of the slagging agent to the molten steel in the smelting furnace. The amount of slagging agent added is 1.5~2.0% of the mass of the molten steel. At the same time, turn on the bottom-blowing argon device, which is equipped with permeable bricks at the bottom. Adjust the argon flow rate to 0.25~0.35m³ / h. 3 / h, argon blowing time 10~15min, maintain furnace temperature at 1500~1540℃ during slag formation, hold for 15~20min to achieve deep oxygen reduction and inclusion adsorption in molten steel;

[0022] S3. Slag replenishment in ladle: Pour the molten steel from the furnace into the ladle, add the remaining 30% of the slag-forming agent into the ladle, stir evenly to form a protective slag layer of 6-9 mm thickness, and let it stand for 10-15 minutes.

[0023] S4. Casting and Molding: The bottom-pouring casting process is adopted to pour the molten steel in the ladle into the prefabricated mold. The casting speed is controlled at 0.8~1.2kg / s. During the casting process, the slag layer thickness is kept stable at 6~9mm to avoid slag layer cracking.

[0024] S5. Heat treatment and subsequent processing: After the cast parts are cooled to room temperature, they are sent to a heat treatment furnace and subjected to a two-stage heat treatment process. First, the temperature is raised to 880~920℃ and held for 3~4 hours. Then, the temperature is raised to 1050~1100℃ and held for 2~3 hours. After that, they are air-cooled to room temperature. After grinding and finishing, the cone crusher parts are obtained.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S1, argon or nitrogen is used as the inert atmosphere in the furnace, with a purity ≥99.99%, and the furnace pressure is controlled at 0.10~0.12MPa.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S2, the amount of slag-forming agent added is adjusted according to the type of component: the amount of slag-forming agent added in the production of liner plates is 2.0% of the mass of molten steel, the amount of slag-forming agent added in the production of mantle walls is 1.7% of the mass of molten steel, and the amount of slag-forming agent added in the production of crusher walls is 1.5% of the mass of molten steel.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S3, the rare earth alloy needs to be added in two stages: 60% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added during the slag-forming stage in the furnace, and the remaining 40% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added during the ladle slag replenishment stage.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S5, after the two-stage heat treatment, the hardness (HRC) of the component stabilizes at 28~35, and the impact toughness (α) remains stable. k ≥120J / cm 2 Surface roughness ≤ Ra3.0 μm, internal density ≥ 99.5%.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. Al2O3 exhibits significant removal effect on inclusions, resolving surface defects in castings.

[0031] This invention's slag-forming agent uses Al2O3 as the core adsorbent phase, combined with auxiliary components such as B2O3 and BaO. Through the synergistic effect of these multiple components, it can efficiently adsorb Al2O3 inclusions generated by Al oxidation in molten aluminum-containing high-manganese steel. Simultaneously, it refines the size of the inclusions, promoting their flotation and separation, thus solving the technical problems of weak Al2O3 inclusion adsorption capacity and high inclusion residue in existing slag-forming agents. When used in conjunction with the permeable bricks of the dedicated bottom-blowing argon device of this invention, the high-strength skeleton structure mainly composed of brown and white corundum, along with excellent high-temperature resistance and resistance to molten steel erosion, ensures that argon gas is uniformly dispersed in the molten steel in the form of microbubbles. This significantly increases the contact area between the slag-forming agent and the molten steel, accelerating the aggregation and flotation of Al2O3 inclusions, further enhancing the inclusion removal effect. Experimental verification shows that after using this invention's slag-forming agent, the Al2O3 inclusion content in the molten steel is reduced to below 0.005%, and the oxygen content in the molten steel is stably ≤20ppm. The removal of inclusions effectively prevents defects such as cracks, pitting, and slag inclusions from appearing on the surface of the parts. The surface roughness of the parts is ≤Ra3.0μm, and the surface defect rate is ≤1.0%, significantly improving the surface quality of the castings and ensuring that the parts can withstand high-load impacts and avoid premature failure. Furthermore, for steels with different Al contents, this invention allows for flexible adjustment of the slagging agent dosage to ensure stable inclusion removal, effectively addressing the industry pain point that existing technologies cannot adapt to steels with different Al contents.

[0032] 2. Achieving triple oxygen reduction synergy significantly improves the purity of molten steel and ensures that the density of components meets standards.

[0033] This invention's slag-forming agent achieves deep purification of aluminum-containing high-manganese steel molten steel through a triple oxygen-reducing system of "adsorption of oxidized inclusions + assisted deoxidation + inhibition of secondary oxidation." Compared to single-function slag-forming agents, its oxygen-reducing effect is more comprehensive and stable. Specifically, Al2O3 adsorbs already generated oxygen-containing inclusions, reducing residual oxygen; CaO increases the oxygen adsorption capacity of the slag, assisting deoxidation; ilmenite powder directly removes free oxygen from the molten steel; and graphite powder and the protective slag layer synergistically inhibit secondary oxidation, preventing the introduction of new oxygen. Argon gas introduced through the accompanying permeable bricks creates an inert atmosphere, further isolating air and inhibiting secondary oxidation of the molten steel. Simultaneously, its own Y2O3 component synergizes with the Y2O3 in the slag-forming agent, enhancing the slag's selective adsorption of Al2O3 inclusions and helping the triple oxygen-reducing system achieve optimal results. Experimental verification shows that after using this invention's slag-forming agent and synergistic process, the internal density of the components is ≥99.5%. High density ensures that there are no defects such as air holes and shrinkage cavities inside the parts, which can effectively transfer impact loads, avoid stress concentration and breakage of the parts, and significantly improve the impact load resistance of the parts, making them suitable for the working conditions of thick-walled, high-load parts such as cone crusher liners and grinding bowls.

[0034] 3. The components have excellent overall performance and a significantly extended service life.

[0035] This invention's slag-forming agent works precisely and synergistically with molten aluminum-containing high-manganese steel. After the slag-forming agent removes a large number of inclusions and reduces the oxygen content of the molten steel, elements such as Al, rare earth elements, and Cu in the molten steel can fully exert their synergistic effect, refining the steel grains and improving the surface hardness, impact toughness, and fatigue wear resistance of the components. Experimental verification shows that cone crusher liners produced using this invention have a stable hardness (HRC) of 32-35 and an impact toughness (α... k ≥130J / cm 2 The hardness (HRC) of the mantle wall remained stable at 29~32, and the impact toughness (α) was... k ≥125J / cm 2 The hardness (HRC) of the crushed wall is stable at 28~30, and the impact toughness (α) is... k ≥120J / cm 2 All components meet the operating requirements of their respective parts. Furthermore, the fatigue resistance of the parts is significantly improved, and their service life is significantly extended, effectively reducing the frequency of parts replacement, lowering production costs and equipment downtime, and improving production efficiency.

[0036] 4. The formula is scientifically sound and reasonable, the raw materials are readily available, the production cost is low, and it can be applied on a large scale.

[0037] The slagging agent of this invention comprises conventional metallurgical raw materials, such as Al2O3, CaO, and SiO2, which are widely available and inexpensive, eliminating the need for rare metal oxides. Furthermore, the preparation process is simple, requiring only mixing and drying pretreatment, without the need for special high-temperature sintering processes. This results in a short production flow, low energy consumption, and further reduced production costs. Moreover, the application process of this slagging agent is compatible with existing high-manganese steel parts production lines, requiring no additional dedicated production equipment. Only adjustments to the slagging agent's dosing method and process parameters are needed, eliminating the need for large-scale equipment modifications, resulting in low investment costs and easy large-scale application.

[0038] 5. Highly adaptable and widely applicable, enabling "one slag for multiple applications".

[0039] The slagging agent of this invention achieves precise adaptation to the production needs of different types of wear-resistant parts through a differentiated formulation system and adjustable process parameters. By flexibly adjusting the component ratios and dosages of the slagging agent to address the differences in Al content and operating conditions of key wear parts such as cone crusher liners, grinding mill walls, and crusher walls, the purification effect and inclusion control of molten steel are optimized, ensuring that the wear resistance, toughness, and other key properties of various parts reach the optimal matching state. Furthermore, this slagging agent has good process scalability and can be further applied to the production of various wear-resistant parts such as jaw crusher moving jaws and ball mill liners, embodying the flexible design concept of "one agent, multiple formulations" and significantly broadening its application scope in the field of wear-resistant parts manufacturing. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slag-forming agent has the following composition by mass fraction: Al2O3: 40-45%, CaO: 38-42%, SiO2: 4.2-4.7%, BaO: 2.6-5.1%, B2O3: 1.0-1.8%, graphite powder: 1.2-2.0%, ilmenite powder: 1.9-3.3%, CaF2: 1.6-2.8%, Y2O3: 0.4-0.7%. The graphite powder has a fixed carbon content ≥90%, the ilmenite powder (TiO2) ≥50%, and the Y2O3 purity ≥99%.

[0042] The preparation method of this slagging agent is as follows:

[0043] S1. Ingredients and Mixing: According to the preset mass fraction of the slagging agent formula, accurately weigh each component using an electronic balance (accuracy 0.01g). Record the weighing process to ensure that the error of each component's proportion does not exceed ±0.1%, avoiding the influence of proportion deviation on the performance of the slagging agent. Send the weighed components into a planetary mixer, adjust the mixer speed to 280~320r / min, and continuously stir for 40~50min. During the stirring process, stop the machine every 10min to check the mixing uniformity until the material presents a uniform grayish-white powder with no local color difference and no unmixed single component particles, ensuring that each component is fully integrated and avoiding uneven composition after subsequent drying.

[0044] S2. Particle size classification: Depending on the different application scenarios, the uniformly mixed materials are fed into a vibrating screen for classification. Screens with corresponding apertures are selected. Materials used for slag formation in the furnace are screened to 1~3mm, and materials used for slag replenishment in the ladle are screened to 0.5~1mm. After classification, they are collected separately. Materials with unqualified particle sizes on the screen are crushed a second time and screened again to ensure that the qualified particle size of the slag-forming agent reaches more than 99% to meet the usage requirements of different working conditions.

[0045] S3. Gradient Heating Drying Treatment: The uniformly mixed slagging agent material is slowly fed into the tunnel drying equipment, and a gradient heating process is adopted: the initial temperature is set at 120~150℃ and held for 1 hour to initially remove the free moisture adsorbed on the surface of the material; then the temperature is gradually increased to 800℃ at a rate of 50℃ / h, and ventilation is continuously carried out during the heating process to remove the water vapor generated during drying in a timely manner; after reaching 800℃, the temperature is kept constant for 2 hours to ensure that the bound water and residual moisture inside the material are completely evaporated. During the drying process, the temperature and humidity inside the drying equipment are monitored in real time, and the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±10℃ and the humidity is controlled within ≤30%.

[0046] S4. Cooling treatment: After drying, turn off the heating device of the drying equipment and keep the equipment ventilated. First, let the slag-forming agent cool down naturally in the equipment to 400~450℃. The cooling time should be controlled within 1.5~2 hours to avoid thermal stress, clumping, or powder flying due to sudden cooling of the material. Then, take out the slag-forming agent and put it into a clean, sealed cooling container. Place it in a dry environment at room temperature (ambient temperature 20~30℃, humidity ≤50%) to continue cooling. Stir once every 30 minutes during the cooling process to ensure uniform cooling of the material until the temperature of the slag-forming agent drops to the same as the room temperature to avoid uneven cooling that could cause the material to absorb moisture.

[0047] S5. Sealed storage and inspection: The slag-forming agent cooled to room temperature should be tested for moisture content immediately. The moisture content of the slag-forming agent should be ≤0.5% by taking samples using the drying weight loss method. Only after passing the test can it be sealed and stored. If the test fails, it should be sent back to the drying equipment and dried for 30 to 60 minutes according to the above drying process until the moisture content meets the standard.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, the permeable bricks used in the bottom-blown argon device have the following composition by mass fraction:

[0049] Brown fused alumina: 42-48%, white fused alumina: 18-22%, silicon carbide: 8-11%, magnesium aluminum spinel: 6-8%, fused mullite: 4-6%, kaolin: 3-5%, silica fume: 3-4%, α-alumina micro powder: 1.5-2.5%, fluorite: 1.2-1.8%, zirconium oxide: 0.8-1.2%, graphite: 0.6-1.0%, Y₂O₃: 0.4-0.6%; among which, brown fused alumina Al₂O₃ ≥ 95%, white fused alumina Al₂O₃ ≥ 99%, silicon carbide SiC ≥ 97%, magnesium aluminum spinel MgAl₂O₄ ≥ 96%, fused mullite Al₂O₃ 60-65%, SiO₂ 32~37%, kaolin Al2O3 35~40%, silica fume SiO2 ≥98%, α-alumina micro powder Al2O3 ≥99.5%, particle size ≤1μm, fluorite CaF2 ≥95%, zirconium oxide ZrO2 ≥99%, graphite fixed carbon ≥90%, Y2O3 purity ≥99%.

[0050] The preparation method of this permeable brick is as follows:

[0051] S1. Raw material pretreatment: The raw materials are fed into drying equipment respectively. Brown fused alumina, white fused alumina, silicon carbide, magnesium aluminum spinel, and fused mullite are dried at 110~130℃ for 4~5h, while kaolin, silica fume, α-alumina micro powder, fluorite, zirconium oxide, graphite, and Y2O3 are dried at 80~100℃ for 2~3h. After drying, all materials are cooled to room temperature and screened with a vibrating screen to remove impurities and hard lumps from the raw materials.

[0052] S2. Ingredients and Mixing: According to the formula mass fraction, use an electronic balance (accuracy 0.01g) to accurately weigh each pretreated raw material, feed the raw materials into a planetary mixer, adjust the speed to 250~300r / min, and continue stirring for 45~60min. At the same time, slowly add deionized water (the amount of water added is 6~8% of the total mass of the raw materials) to ensure that all raw materials are fully mixed and uniform, and the material is in a moist and loose state, without lumps or dry powder.

[0053] S3. Molding: The uniformly mixed material is fed into a hydraulic molding machine. A permeable brick mold matching the bottom-blown argon device is selected (with reserved permeable channels, channel diameter 2~3mm, spacing 5~8mm). A step-by-step pressurization process is adopted: first, pre-press at 15~20MPa for 5~8min to expel air from the material; then pressurize to 45~50MPa and hold for 15~20min to make the material compact and obtain a permeable brick green body; after molding, the pressure is slowly released (pressure release rate 5MPa / min) to avoid cracking and deformation of the green body. After demolding, the surface of the green body is preliminarily ground to remove burrs and protrusions.

[0054] S4. Green Body Drying and Bisque Firing: The ground permeable brick green bodies are sent into a tunnel drying kiln and a gradient heating drying process is adopted: the initial temperature is 50~60℃ and held for 2~3 hours, then the temperature is gradually increased to 80~100℃ and held for 3~4 hours, and then the temperature is increased to 120~140℃ and held for 6~8 hours. The humidity inside the kiln is controlled to ≤60% throughout the process to avoid cracks in the green bodies due to uneven drying. After drying to the point where the moisture content of the green bodies is ≤0.3%, they are naturally cooled to room temperature. Then the dried green bodies are sent into an electric kiln for bisque firing, the temperature is increased to 600~650℃ at 5~8℃ / min and held for 2~3 hours, then the temperature is increased to 900~950℃ at 8~10℃ / min and held for 4~5 hours, and finally the temperature is decreased to room temperature at 6~8℃ / min and then removed for use.

[0055] S5. Sintering and Post-processing Testing: The bisque-fired permeable bricks are placed in a high-temperature sintering furnace, and argon gas with a purity ≥99.99% is introduced as an inert protective atmosphere. The furnace pressure is controlled at 0.10~0.12MPa to avoid uneven stress on the bricks during sintering. A gradient sintering process is adopted: the temperature is increased to 1200~1250℃ at a rate of 10~12℃ / min and held for 3~4 hours, then increased to 1600~1650℃ at a rate of 5~6℃ / min and held for 8~10 hours to allow the raw materials to fully react and form a dense and uniformly permeable sintered body. After sintering, argon gas is continuously introduced, and the bricks are naturally cooled to room temperature before removal. Subsequently, the sintered bricks are finely ground and the permeable channels are cleared. Key properties such as high temperature resistance, permeability, and erosion resistance are tested. Qualified bricks are sealed and packaged for later use, while unqualified bricks are returned for further grinding or re-sintering.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the synergistic formulation of aluminum-containing high-manganese steel molten steel and the above-mentioned slagging agent, by mass fraction, has the following steel composition: C: 1.00~1.25%, Si: 0.35~0.45%, Mn: 12.00~16.00%, Cr: 0.65~0.75%, Al: 0.50~1.80%, Cu: 0.65~0.75%, N: 0.018~0.025%, Nb: 0.03~0.045%, La+Nd: 0.03~0.07%, S≤0.03%, P≤0.035%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Mn is added in the form of high-carbon ferromanganese (Mn≥85%), Cr is added in the form of ferrochrome (Cr≥60%), Nb is added in the form of ferroniobium (Nb≥65%), N is added in the form of chromium nitride (N≥6%) master alloy, Al is added in the form of aluminum blocks (Al≥99.5%) and aluminum particles (Al≥99.5%, particle size 2~5mm) in a 3:1 ratio, and La+Nd is added in the form of mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy (total rare earth ≥20%).

[0057] The Al content is adjusted differently according to the type of component. Specifically: the Al content of molten steel used for liner production is 1.20~1.80%, which is suitable for the high wear and high impact working conditions of liner; the Al content of molten steel used for milling wall production is 0.80~1.20%, which balances wear resistance and toughness; and the Al content of molten steel used for crusher wall production is 0.50~0.80%, which is suitable for the structural characteristics and stress conditions of crusher wall.

[0058] The application of the slagging agent of this invention in the production of cone crusher parts includes the following steps:

[0059] S1. Steel Melting: Add the raw steel materials to the medium-frequency induction melting furnace according to the synergistic formula ratio, heat to 1520~1560℃, hold for 20~30min to completely melt and uniformly mix the raw materials, continuously stir during the process to ensure uniform distribution of each element, and obtain aluminum-containing high-manganese steel molten steel; during the melting process, control the atmosphere in the furnace to be an inert atmosphere (such as argon) to reduce the contact between the molten steel and air and initially inhibit the oxidation reaction;

[0060] S2. In-furnace slagging: Add 70% of the slagging agent to the molten steel in the furnace, with the amount of slagging agent added being 1.5~2.0% of the molten steel mass; simultaneously, start the bottom-blowing argon device, which is equipped with permeable bricks at the bottom, and adjust the argon flow rate to 0.25~0.35 m³ / h. 3 / h, argon blowing time 10~15min, with the stirring effect of argon bubbles to promote full contact between slag-forming agent and molten steel, and improve the adsorption and deoxidation efficiency of inclusions; during the slag-forming process, the furnace temperature is maintained at 1500~1540℃ and held for 15~20min to ensure that the slag-forming reaction is fully carried out, and to achieve deep deoxidation of molten steel and adsorption of inclusions.

[0061] S3. Slag Replenishment in Ladle: Slowly pour the molten steel from the furnace into the ladle to avoid splashing and secondary oxidation. Add the remaining 30% of the slag-forming agent to the ladle, along with a small amount of aluminum granules, to adjust the Al content of the molten steel to the range required for the corresponding accessories. After stirring evenly, the slag-forming agent forms a 6-9mm thick dynamic protective slag layer on the surface of the molten steel. Let it stand for 10-15 minutes to ensure complete separation of slag and steel, avoiding slag inclusions. In addition, rare earth alloys are added in two stages: 60% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added during the furnace slag-forming stage, and the remaining 40% is added during the ladle slag replenishment stage to further improve the uniformity of the molten steel composition and prevent harmful elements from forming brittle phases with Al.

[0062] S4. Casting and Molding: The bottom-pouring casting process is adopted, in which molten steel in the ladle is poured into the pre-made sand mold. The casting speed is controlled at 0.8~1.2kg / s. During the casting process, the slag layer is observed in real time to keep the slag layer thickness stable at 6~9mm, to prevent the slag layer from being broken by the impact of molten steel and to avoid air intrusion leading to secondary oxidation. After casting is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the casting blank.

[0063] Technical principle of the invention:

[0064] I. The Role of Each Raw Material Component

[0065] (1) The role of each raw material component of the slag-forming agent

[0066] Al2O3, as the core adsorbent phase of the slag-forming agent, primarily functions to efficiently adsorb Al2O3 inclusions generated in molten steel due to Al oxidation. Al2O3 shares the same crystal structure and chemical properties with the Al2O3 inclusions in the molten steel. Based on the principle of "like dissolves like," Al2O3 can rapidly adsorb these inclusions, forming aggregated inclusions that are easier to float and separate, thus reducing the residual oxygen carried by the inclusions and lowering the oxygen content of the molten steel. Simultaneously, Al2O3 enhances the high-temperature stability of the slag, preventing its decomposition at high temperatures and ensuring the slag-forming agent functions effectively throughout the entire process.

[0067] CaO, as a slag basicity regulator, primarily functions to adjust the basicity of the slag. Slag basicity is a key factor affecting slag-forming efficiency. When the basicity is controlled between 0.85 and 1.05, the slag's oxygen adsorption capacity reaches its maximum, effectively adsorbing free oxygen in molten steel and assisting in deoxidation. CaO can react with harmful elements such as sulfur and phosphorus in molten steel to generate stable compounds, reducing the impact of these elements on component performance. CaO also enhances slag stability, preventing stratification and cracking during smelting and casting, ensuring the continuity and integrity of the slag.

[0068] As a slag fluidity modifier, SiO2's main function is to adjust the slag's melting point. The smelting temperature for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel is 1520~1560℃, and the casting temperature is 1500~1540℃. When the slag melting point is controlled at 1320~1340℃, the slag is in a molten state during smelting and casting, exhibiting good fluidity and sufficient contact with the molten steel, ensuring the adsorption and deoxidation effects of the slag-forming agent are fully utilized. Simultaneously, SiO2 can improve the slag's viscosity, giving it both good fluidity and the ability to effectively encapsulate inclusions, promoting their flotation and separation.

[0069] BaO, as a slag-steel separation promoter, primarily enhances the separability of the slag-steel interface. BaO possesses excellent surface activity, reducing interfacial tension and facilitating rapid separation of the slag from the molten steel, thus preventing secondary oxygen introduction caused by the re-dissolution of inclusions into the molten steel. Simultaneously, BaO refines slag grains, improves the slag structure, and enhances the slag's adsorption capacity for inclusions.

[0070] As an inclusion refiner, B2O3 primarily refines the size of oxygen-containing inclusions in molten steel. B2O3 reacts with inclusions such as Al2O3 and SiO2 in the molten steel to generate fine composite inclusions, preventing the aggregation of inclusions into large-sized inclusions (large inclusions easily lead to casting cracks and failures). Simultaneously, B2O3 promotes the aggregation and flotation of oxygen-containing inclusions, facilitating slag adsorption and separation, further improving the purity of the molten steel.

[0071] As an antioxidant, graphite powder primarily inhibits secondary oxidation of Al during the later stages of smelting. The fixed carbon in graphite powder reacts with oxygen in the air and free oxygen in the molten steel to generate CO gas, which is then discharged from the furnace, thereby reducing residual oxygen and preventing oxygen from reacting with Al again to form Al2O3 inclusions. At the same time, graphite powder can regulate the reducing atmosphere of the slag, protecting easily oxidized elements such as Al and Mn in the molten steel from oxidation.

[0072] Ilmenite powder (TiO2 ≥ 50%) serves as an auxiliary deoxidizer, its main function being to directly remove free oxygen from molten steel. The TiO2 in the ilmenite powder reacts with free oxygen in the molten steel to form a TiO2·Al2O3 composite compound. This compound is easily adsorbed by the slag, thus directly reducing the oxygen content of the molten steel. Simultaneously, the resulting composite compound refines the slag crystal grains, improving the material's toughness and wear resistance.

[0073] As a slag fluidity fine-tuning agent, CaF2's main function is to further optimize slag fluidity. CaF2 can disrupt the slag's network structure, reduce its viscosity, ensure uniform slag coverage of the molten steel surface, isolate air, and inhibit secondary oxidation. At the same time, CaF2 can promote full contact between the slag and molten steel, improving the adsorption efficiency of inclusions.

[0074] Y₂O₃, as an inclusion adsorption enhancer, is mainly used for components operating under extreme conditions. Its primary function is to strengthen the adsorption selectivity of the slag for Al₂O₃ inclusions. Yttrium oxide can form stable Y₂O₃·Al₂O₃ composite compounds with Al₂O₃ inclusions, significantly improving the slag's adsorption capacity for Al₂O₃ inclusions. Simultaneously, it enhances the high-temperature stability of the slag, preventing decomposition under high temperature and high load conditions and ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the slag-forming agent.

[0075] (2) The role of each raw material component in permeable bricks

[0076] Brown fused alumina and white fused alumina, as the main skeleton materials of permeable bricks, have a high Al2O3 content and a melting point of over 2050℃. They possess excellent high-temperature resistance, mechanical strength, and resistance to molten steel erosion, supporting the brick structure and preventing the brick from softening and deforming at high temperatures. They also provide good wear resistance and extend the service life of permeable bricks.

[0077] Silicon carbide can enhance the high-temperature strength and wear resistance of bricks. Its excellent thermal conductivity can accelerate the heat conduction of bricks and prevent local overheating and cracking. At the same time, silicon carbide and corundum work together to improve the corrosion resistance of bricks, resist the erosion of inclusions such as Al2O3 and SiO2 in molten steel, and prevent the air channels from being blocked.

[0078] Magnesium aluminum spinel has good high-temperature stability and thermal shock resistance, which can alleviate the thermal stress caused by temperature fluctuations in the furnace and reduce the risk of cracking and peeling of permeable bricks. At the same time, it has good compatibility with corundum and silicon carbide, which can promote the bonding between raw materials and improve the density of the brick.

[0079] The main components of fused mullite are Al2O3 and SiO2. It has a high melting point and stable structure. It can fill the pores inside the brick body, improve the density and mechanical strength of the brick body. At the same time, it has a certain degree of air permeability, which can help form uniform air permeability channels and avoid the air permeability channels being too dense or loose.

[0080] Kaolin, as a binder, contains a certain amount of clay minerals. When water is added, it can form plastic mud, which improves the molding performance of the raw materials and makes the green body less prone to cracking and demolding. During the sintering process, kaolin can undergo a sintering reaction to form a low-melting-point glass phase, which binds the main raw material particles and enhances the integrity of the brick.

[0081] Silica fume, as a micro-powder binder, has a fine particle size that can fill the tiny pores between coarse raw materials, further improving the density of the brick. At the same time, the SiO2 in silica fume can react with Al2O3 to form a mullite phase, which enhances the high-temperature strength and wear resistance of the brick.

[0082] Alpha-alumina micro powder has high activity and can undergo a rapid sintering reaction during the sintering process, promoting the densification of the brick body. At the same time, it can improve the high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the brick body, fill the micro cracks inside the brick body, improve the sealing of the brick body, and prevent molten steel from seeping into the air passage and causing blockage.

[0083] Fluorite, as a sintering aid, can lower the sintering temperature of raw materials, reduce sintering time, and save energy. It can react with impurities in raw materials to generate low-melting-point compounds, which volatilize during sintering, purify the internal structure of the brick, and improve the air permeability of the brick.

[0084] Zirconia has excellent high-temperature stability and thermal shock resistance, which can further improve the high-temperature resistance and erosion resistance of permeable bricks, and prevent the bricks from being damaged by molten steel and temperature fluctuations. At the same time, zirconia can work synergistically with Al2O3 to improve the corrosion resistance of the bricks and resist the erosion of various oxides during the slag-making process.

[0085] As a permeable agent, some graphite volatilizes during sintering, forming uniform micro-permeable channels inside the brick. This ensures that argon gas can be uniformly and stably introduced into the molten steel, achieving full contact between the molten steel and argon gas, and assisting the slag-forming agent in deep oxygen reduction and inclusion adsorption. At the same time, a small amount of residual graphite can improve the thermal conductivity of the brick.

[0086] Y2O3, as a modifier, works synergistically with Y2O3 in the slag-forming agent to refine the internal grains of the brick, improve the mechanical strength and toughness of the brick, and reduce the risk of brick cracking. At the same time, Y2O3 can inhibit the excessive growth of mullite phase inside the brick, prevent the air channels from being blocked, and ensure stable air permeability.

[0087] II. The principle of synergistic effect of each component

[0088] (1) Synergistic effect of adsorption and deoxygenation

[0089] Al2O3 acts as the core adsorbent phase, adsorbing Al2O3 inclusions already formed in the molten steel and reducing the residual oxygen carried by these inclusions. CaO adjusts the slag alkalinity to a reasonable range, increasing the slag's oxygen adsorption capacity and assisting in the removal of free oxygen from the molten steel. TiO2 in ilmenite powder reacts directly with free oxygen in the molten steel to generate composite compounds that are easily adsorbed by the slag, achieving direct deoxygenation. The permeable bricks in the bottom-blown argon system ensure that argon gas is evenly dispersed in the molten steel in the form of tiny bubbles, thanks to their excellent high-temperature resistance and resistance to molten steel erosion. This allows the argon gas to fully contact the molten steel and slag-forming agent, accelerating the polymerization and flotation of Al2O3 inclusions. This helps the three work together to achieve deep deoxygenation of the molten steel, reducing the oxygen content from 35-40 ppm in traditional slag-forming processes to ≤20 ppm. This solves the problem of casting defects caused by excessive oxygen content. The Y2O3 contained in the bricks can also form a synergistic effect with the Y2O3 in the slag-forming agent, enhancing the slag's adsorption capacity for Al2O3 inclusions and further improving the synergistic effect of deoxidation and impurity removal.

[0090] (2) Synergistic effect of inclusion refinement and separation

[0091] B2O3 refines the size of oxygen-containing inclusions in molten steel, preventing large inclusions from remaining; BaO reduces the interfacial tension between slag and steel, promoting slag-steel separation and preventing slag re-dissolution; CaF2 and SiO2 synergistically regulate the slag's fluidity and melting point, ensuring sufficient contact between the slag and molten steel, allowing the refined inclusions to be quickly adsorbed and floated away by the slag; Y2O3 enhances the slag's selective adsorption of Al2O3 inclusions, further improving inclusion removal efficiency. The permeable brick continuously and stably introduces argon gas through its uniform permeable channels, forming microbubbles that disturb the molten steel, preventing the refined inclusions from settling and agglomerating, allowing them to contact the slag more fully and be adsorbed, further improving the thoroughness of inclusion removal. This ensures that the internal density of the components is ≥99.5% and the surface roughness is ≤Ra3.0μm. The multi-component system, working in conjunction with the permeable brick, forms a complete synergistic system for inclusion refinement and separation.

[0092] (3) Synergistic effect of preventing secondary oxidation

[0093] Graphite powder reacts with free oxygen in molten steel and oxygen in the air, inhibiting secondary oxidation of Al. CaO, SiO2, and CaF2 work together to form a stable protective slag layer, which uniformly covers the surface of the molten steel, isolates it from the air, and prevents secondary oxidation of the molten steel from contacting the air. At the same time, in the segmented feeding process, the slag-forming agent in the ladle slag replenishment stage forms a dynamic protective slag layer, which continuously plays an anti-oxidation role during the casting process, ensuring the stability of the purity of the molten steel and preventing secondary oxidation from generating new inclusions.

[0094] (4) Synergistic effect of slag-forming agent and molten steel

[0095] The slag-forming agent formulation is precisely matched to the steel composition (especially the Al content). The dosage of the slag-forming agent is adjusted according to the Al content of the steel for different components to ensure its full effectiveness. Simultaneously, rare earth elements, Cu, Nb, and other elements in the steel work synergistically with the purified steel after the slag-forming agent removes inclusions, refining the steel grains and improving the hardness, toughness, and fatigue resistance of the components. This stabilizes the component hardness (HRC) at 28-35 and the impact toughness (α) at ​​[missing value]. k ≥120J / cm 2 This meets the high-load operating requirements of cone crusher accessories.

[0096] The present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0097] Example 1 (for cone crusher liners)

[0098] A slag-forming agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel, comprising the following raw materials in mass fraction: Al2O3: 42%, CaO: 40%, SiO2: 5.8%, BaO: 3.7%, B2O3: 1.5%, graphite powder: 1.6%, ilmenite powder: 2.6%, CaF2: 2.2%, Y2O3: 0.6%.

[0099] The method for preparing the slag-forming material includes the following steps:

[0100] S1. Ingredients and Mixing: Weigh each component according to the formula to ensure that the ratio error does not exceed ±0.1%; place the weighed materials in a mixer and stir at 300 r / min for 45 min to obtain a uniformly mixed material.

[0101] S2. Particle size classification: The uniformly mixed materials are classified by a vibrating screen to obtain finished materials with particle sizes of 0.5~1mm and 1~3mm respectively.

[0102] S3. Heating and drying treatment: The slag-forming agent material is fed into the drying equipment and a gradient heating process is adopted: the initial temperature is set at 120~150℃ and kept at that temperature for 1 hour; then the temperature is gradually increased to 800℃ at a rate of 50℃ / h and kept at a constant temperature for 2 hours. During the drying process, the ambient humidity is controlled to be ≤30%.

[0103] S4. Cooling treatment: The dried material is naturally cooled to 420℃, and the cooling time is controlled within 2 hours; then the material is placed in a clean, sealed cooling container and placed in a dry environment at room temperature to continue cooling. During the cooling process, the material is stirred once every 30 minutes.

[0104] S5. Moisture content test: The moisture content of the cooled material was found to be 0.3%, which is lower than the acceptable limit of 0.5% and meets the test requirements.

[0105] A breathable brick, by mass fraction, comprises the following raw materials: brown fused alumina: 47.8%, white fused alumina: 20.2%, silicon carbide: 9.0%, magnesium aluminum spinel: 6.7%, fused mullite: 4.5%, kaolin: 3.4%, silica fume: 3.4%, α-alumina micro powder: 1.7%, fluorite: 1.3%, zirconium oxide: 0.9%, graphite: 0.7%, and Y2O3: 0.4%.

[0106] The preparation process of the permeable brick includes the following steps:

[0107] S1. Raw material pretreatment: The raw materials are fed into drying equipment respectively. Brown fused alumina, white fused alumina, silicon carbide, magnesium aluminum spinel and fused mullite are dried at 130℃ for 4 hours, while kaolin, silica fume, α-alumina micro powder, fluorite, zirconium oxide, graphite and Y2O3 are dried at 100℃ for 2 hours. After drying, the raw materials are cooled to room temperature and screened by vibrating screen to remove impurities.

[0108] S2. Ingredients and Mixing: Weigh each pretreated raw material according to the formula mass fraction, feed it into a planetary mixer, adjust the speed to 280 r / min, and continue stirring for 60 min. At the same time, slowly add deionized water (the amount of water added is 7% of the total mass of the raw materials) to mix the materials until they are moist, loose, uniform and without lumps.

[0109] S3. Molding: The mixture is loaded into the permeable brick mold and hydraulic molding and step-by-step pressurization process is adopted: first, it is pre-pressed at 20MPa for 6 minutes, then pressurized to 50MPa and held for 20 minutes to obtain the permeable brick green body; after molding, the pressure is released at a speed of 5 MPa / min, the mold is removed and the surface of the green body is polished.

[0110] S4. Green color drying and bisque firing: The green color is placed in a tunnel drying kiln for gradient drying: the initial temperature is 55℃ and held for 2.5h, then gradually increased to 90℃ and held for 3.5h, and then increased to 130℃ and held for 7h; then the dried green color is sent to an electric kiln for bisque firing, the temperature is increased to 630℃ at 6℃ / min and held for 2.5h, then increased to 9300℃ at 9℃ / min and held for 4.5h, and finally cooled to room temperature at 7℃ / min and taken out for use.

[0111] S5. Sintering and post-treatment: The sintered blanks are placed under an argon protective atmosphere and the furnace pressure is controlled at 0.12 MPa for gradient sintering: the temperature is increased to 1200℃ at 12℃ / min and held for 4 hours, and then increased to 1600℃ at 5℃ / min and held for 9 hours. After sintering, the blanks are cooled with the furnace, and after fine grinding, channel clearing and performance testing, they are sealed and packaged after passing the test.

[0112] The application of an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent in the production of cone crusher parts includes the following steps:

[0113] S1. Steel Melting: Prepare raw materials according to the steel synergistic formula (mass fraction): C: 1.15%, Si: 0.40%, Mn: 14.00%, Cr: 0.70%, Al: 1.50%, Cu: 0.70%, N: 0.022%, Nb: 0.038%, La+Nd: 0.05%, S: 0.025%, P: 0.030%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Add all raw materials to a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, heat to 1540℃, hold for 25 minutes, continuously stir during the process, and simultaneously maintain an argon inert atmosphere inside the furnace to obtain aluminum-containing high-manganese steel molten steel.

[0114] S2. In-furnace slagging: Add 70% of the slagging agent (particle size 1-3mm) to the molten steel in the smelting furnace. The amount of slagging agent added is 2.0% of the mass of the molten steel. Simultaneously, start the bottom-blowing argon device, which is equipped with permeable bricks at the bottom, and adjust the argon flow rate to 0.30m³ / h. 3 / h, argon blowing time 12min, with the stirring effect of argon bubbles to promote full contact between slag-forming agent and molten steel; during the slag-forming process, the furnace temperature is maintained at 1520℃ for 18min to ensure that the slag-forming reaction is fully carried out; at the same time, 60% mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added to the furnace to improve the modification effect of inclusions.

[0115] S3. Slag Addition in Ladle: Slowly pour the molten steel from the furnace into the ladle to avoid splashing and secondary oxidation; add the remaining 30% of the slag-forming agent (particle size 0.5~1mm) to the ladle, and at the same time add a small amount of aluminum particles to fine-tune the Al content of the molten steel to 1.5%. After stirring evenly, the slag-forming agent forms a 7mm thick dynamic protective slag layer on the surface of the molten steel; add the remaining 40% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and let it stand for 12 minutes.

[0116] S4. Casting and Molding: The bottom-pouring casting process is adopted. The molten steel in the ladle is poured into the pre-made sand mold (liner specifications: 800mm×500mm×120mm). The casting speed is controlled at 1.0kg / s. During the casting process, the slag layer status is observed in real time to keep the slag layer thickness stable at 7mm and prevent slag layer cracking. After casting is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the liner casting blank.

[0117] S5. Heat treatment and subsequent processing: The blank of the liner casting is sent into the heat treatment furnace and a two-stage heat treatment process is adopted. First, the temperature is raised to 900℃ and held for 3.5h; then the temperature is raised to 1080℃ and held for 2.5h; then it is air-cooled to room temperature. After grinding and finishing, the finished cone crusher liner is obtained.

[0118] Example 2 (for cone crusher liners)

[0119] A slag-forming agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel, in terms of mass fraction, comprises the following raw materials: Al2O3: 40%, CaO: 42%, SiO2: 5.1%, BaO: 5.1%, B2O3: 1.4%, graphite powder: 1.7%, ilmenite powder: 2.5%, CaF2: 1.7%, Y2O3: 0.5%.

[0120] The slag-forming agent was prepared using the same method as in Example 1. The moisture content of the material after cooling was measured to be 0.4%, which met the experimental requirements.

[0121] A breathable brick, by mass fraction, comprises the following raw materials: brown fused alumina: 47.0%, white fused alumina: 20.3%, silicon carbide: 9.0%, magnesium aluminum spinel: 6.8%, fused mullite: 4.6%, kaolin: 3.5%, silica fume: 3.4%, α-alumina micro powder: 1.8%, fluorite: 1.4%, zirconium oxide: 1.0%, graphite: 0.8%, and Y2O3: 0.4%.

[0122] The preparation process of the breathable bricks is the same as in Example 1.

[0123] The application of an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent in the production of cone crusher parts includes the following steps:

[0124] S1. Steel Melting: Steel composition (mass fraction): C: 1.00%, Si: 0.35%, Mn: 12.00%, Cr: 0.65%, Al: 1.20%, Cu: 0.65%, N: 0.018%, Nb: 0.030%, La+Nd: 0.03%, S: 0.028%, P: 0.032%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. All raw materials were added to a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, heated to 1520℃, and held for 20 minutes with continuous stirring. An argon inert atmosphere was maintained inside the furnace to obtain aluminum-containing high-manganese steel.

[0125] S2. In-furnace slagging: Add 70% of the slagging agent (particle size 1-3mm) to the molten steel in the smelting furnace. The amount of slagging agent added is 2.0% of the mass of the molten steel. Simultaneously, start the bottom-blowing argon device, which is equipped with permeable bricks at the bottom, and adjust the argon flow rate to 0.25m³ / h. 3 / h, argon blowing time 10min, with the stirring effect of argon bubbles to promote full contact between slag-forming agent and molten steel; during the slag-forming process, the furnace temperature is maintained at 1500℃ for 15min to ensure that the slag-forming reaction is fully carried out; at the same time, 60% mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added to the furnace to improve the modification effect of inclusions.

[0126] S3. Slag Addition in Ladle: Slowly pour the molten steel from the furnace into the ladle to avoid splashing and secondary oxidation; add the remaining 30% of the slag-forming agent (particle size 0.5~1mm) to the ladle, and at the same time add a small amount of aluminum particles to fine-tune the Al content of the molten steel to 1.2%. After stirring evenly, the slag-forming agent forms a 6mm thick dynamic protective slag layer on the surface of the molten steel; add the remaining 40% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and let it stand for 10 minutes.

[0127] S4. Casting and Molding: The bottom-pouring casting process is adopted. The molten steel in the ladle is poured into the pre-made sand mold (liner specifications: 800mm×500mm×120mm). The casting speed is controlled at 0.8kg / s. During the casting process, the slag layer status is observed in real time to keep the slag layer thickness stable at 6mm to prevent slag layer cracking. After casting is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the liner casting blank.

[0128] S5. Heat treatment and subsequent processing: The blank of the liner casting is sent into the heat treatment furnace and a two-stage heat treatment process is adopted. First, the temperature is raised to 880℃ and held for 3 hours; then the temperature is raised to 1050℃ and held for 2 hours; then it is air-cooled to room temperature. After grinding and finishing, the finished cone crusher liner is obtained.

[0129] Example 3 (for the grinding wall of a cone crusher)

[0130] A high-manganese aluminum steel slag-forming agent, in terms of mass fraction, comprises the following raw materials: Al2O3: 43%, CaO: 39%, SiO2: 6.6%, BaO: 3.2%, B2O3: 1.6%, graphite powder: 1.6%, ilmenite powder: 2.5%, CaF2: 1.9%, Y2O3: 0.6%.

[0131] The slag-forming agent was prepared using the same method as in Example 1. The moisture content of the material after cooling was measured to be 0.3%, which met the experimental requirements.

[0132] A breathable brick, by mass fraction, comprises the following raw materials: brown fused alumina: 46.5%, white fused alumina: 20.1%, silicon carbide: 9.0%, magnesium aluminum spinel: 6.9%, fused mullite: 4.8%, kaolin: 3.7%, silica fume: 3.4%, α-alumina micro powder: 1.9%, fluorite: 1.5%, zirconium oxide: 1.0%, graphite: 0.7%, and Y2O3: 0.5%.

[0133] The preparation process of the breathable bricks is the same as in Example 1.

[0134] The application of an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent in the production of cone crusher parts includes the following steps:

[0135] S1. Steel Melting: Steel composition (mass fraction): C: 1.10%, Si: 0.42%, Mn: 13.50%, Cr: 0.68%, Al: 1.00%, Cu: 0.68%, N: 0.020%, Nb: 0.035%, La+Nd: 0.04%, S: 0.022%, P: 0.028%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. All raw materials were added to a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, heated to 1530℃, and held for 22 minutes with continuous stirring. An argon inert atmosphere was maintained inside the furnace to obtain aluminum-containing high-manganese steel.

[0136] S2. In-furnace slagging: Add 70% of the slagging agent (particle size 1-3mm) to the molten steel in the smelting furnace, with the amount of slagging agent added being 1.7% of the molten steel mass; simultaneously, start the bottom-blowing argon device, which is equipped with permeable bricks at the bottom, and adjust the argon flow rate to 0.28m³ / h. 3 / h, argon blowing time 11min, with the stirring effect of argon bubbles to promote full contact between slag-forming agent and molten steel; during the slag-forming process, the furnace temperature is maintained at 1510℃ for 16min to ensure that the slag-forming reaction is fully carried out; at the same time, 60% mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added to the furnace to improve the modification effect of inclusions.

[0137] S3. Slag Addition in Ladle: Slowly pour the molten steel from the furnace into the ladle to avoid splashing and secondary oxidation; add the remaining 30% of the slag-forming agent (particle size 0.5~1mm) to the ladle, and at the same time add a small amount of aluminum particles to fine-tune the Al content of the molten steel to 1.00%. After stirring evenly, the slag-forming agent forms an 8mm thick dynamic protective slag layer on the surface of the molten steel; add the remaining 40% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and let it stand for 13 minutes.

[0138] S4. Casting and Molding: The bottom-pouring casting process is adopted. The molten steel in the ladle is poured into the pre-made sand mold (the mold wall specifications are 600mm×400mm×100mm). The casting speed is controlled at 1.0kg / s. During the casting process, the slag layer status is observed in real time to keep the slag layer thickness stable at 8mm and prevent the slag layer from cracking. After casting is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the casting blank.

[0139] S5. Heat treatment and subsequent processing: The casting blank is sent into the heat treatment furnace and a two-stage heat treatment process is adopted. First, the temperature is raised to 890℃ and held for 3.2h; then the temperature is raised to 1070℃ and held for 2.2h; then it is air-cooled to room temperature, and after grinding and finishing, the finished rolling mill wall is obtained.

[0140] Example 4 (for the crushing wall of a cone crusher)

[0141] A slag-forming agent for high-manganese steel containing aluminum, comprising the following raw materials in mass fraction: Al2O3: 44%, CaO: 38%, SiO2: 6.9%, BaO: 2.9%, B2O3: 1.2%, graphite powder: 1.7%, ilmenite powder: 2.5%, CaF2: 2.4%, Y2O3: 0.4%.

[0142] The slag-forming agent was prepared using the same method as in Example 1. The moisture content of the material after cooling was measured to be 0.4%, which met the experimental requirements.

[0143] A breathable brick, by mass fraction, comprises the following raw materials: brown fused alumina: 45.8%, white fused alumina: 19.9%, silicon carbide: 9.2%, magnesium aluminum spinel: 7.1%, fused mullite: 4.9%, kaolin: 3.9%, silica fume: 3.4%, α-alumina micro powder: 2.0%, fluorite: 1.5%, zirconium oxide: 1.0%, graphite: 0.8%, and Y2O3: 0.5%.

[0144] The preparation process of the breathable bricks is the same as in Example 1.

[0145] The application of an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent in the production of cone crusher parts includes the following steps:

[0146] S1. Steel Melting: Steel composition (mass fraction): C: 1.20%, Si: 0.43%, Mn: 15.00%, Cr: 0.72%, Al: 0.65%, Cu: 0.72%, N: 0.023%, Nb: 0.042%, La+Nd: 0.06%, S: 0.020%, P: 0.025%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. All raw materials were added to a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, heated to 1550℃, and held for 28 minutes with continuous stirring. An argon inert atmosphere was maintained inside the furnace to obtain aluminum-containing high-manganese steel.

[0147] S2. In-furnace slagging: Add 70% of the slagging agent (particle size 1-3mm) to the molten steel in the smelting furnace. The amount of slagging agent added is 1.5% of the mass of the molten steel. Simultaneously, start the bottom-blowing argon device, which is equipped with permeable bricks at the bottom, and adjust the argon flow rate to 0.32m³ / h. 3 / h, argon blowing time 14min, with the stirring effect of argon bubbles to promote full contact between slag-forming agent and molten steel; during the slag-forming process, the furnace temperature is maintained at 1530℃ for 19min to ensure that the slag-forming reaction is fully carried out; at the same time, 60% mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added to the furnace to improve the modification effect of inclusions.

[0148] S3. Slag Addition in Ladle: Slowly pour the molten steel from the furnace into the ladle to avoid splashing and secondary oxidation; add the remaining 30% of the slag-forming agent (particle size 0.5~1mm) to the ladle, and add a small amount of aluminum particles to fine-tune the Al content of the molten steel to 0.65%. After stirring evenly, the slag-forming agent forms a 9mm thick dynamic protective slag layer on the surface of the molten steel; add the remaining 40% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and let it stand for 14 minutes.

[0149] S4. Casting and Molding: The bottom-pouring casting process is adopted. The molten steel in the ladle is poured into the pre-made sand mold (fracture wall specifications: 700mm×500mm×90mm). The casting speed is controlled at 1.1kg / s. During the casting process, the slag layer status is observed in real time to keep the slag layer thickness stable at 9mm to prevent slag layer cracking. After casting is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the casting blank.

[0150] S5. Heat treatment and subsequent processing: The casting blank is sent into the heat treatment furnace and a two-stage heat treatment process is adopted. First, the temperature is raised to 910℃ and held for 3.8h; then the temperature is raised to 1090℃ and held for 2.8h; then it is air-cooled to room temperature, and after grinding and finishing, the crushed wall finished product is obtained.

[0151] Example 5 (for the crushing wall of a cone crusher)

[0152] A slag-forming agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel, comprising the following raw materials in mass fraction: Al2O3: 45%, CaO: 38%, SiO2: 5.1%, BaO: 3.0%, B2O3: 1.8%, graphite powder: 1.5%, ilmenite powder: 3.0%, CaF2: 2.2%, Y2O3: 0.4%.

[0153] The slag-forming agent was prepared using the same method as in Example 1. The moisture content of the material after cooling was measured to be 0.4%, which met the experimental requirements.

[0154] A breathable brick, by mass fraction, comprises the following raw materials: brown fused alumina: 45.3%, white fused alumina: 19.7%, silicon carbide: 9.4%, magnesium aluminum spinel: 7.1%, fused mullite: 4.9%, kaolin: 3.9%, silica fume: 3.3%, α-alumina micro powder: 2.2%, fluorite: 1.6%, zirconium oxide: 1.1%, graphite: 0.9%, and Y2O3: 0.6%.

[0155] The preparation process of the breathable bricks is the same as in Example 1.

[0156] The application of an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent in the production of cone crusher parts includes the following steps:

[0157] S1. Steel Melting: Steel composition (mass fraction): C: 1.25%, Si: 0.45%, Mn: 16.00%, Cr: 0.75%, Al: 0.50%, Cu: 0.75%, N: 0.025%, Nb: 0.045%, La+Nd: 0.07%, S: 0.018%, P: 0.022%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. All raw materials were added to a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, heated to 1560℃, and held for 30 minutes with continuous stirring. An argon inert atmosphere was maintained inside the furnace to obtain aluminum-containing high-manganese steel.

[0158] S2. In-furnace slagging: Add 70% of the slagging agent (particle size 1-3mm) to the molten steel in the smelting furnace. The amount of slagging agent added is 1.5% of the mass of the molten steel. Simultaneously, start the bottom-blowing argon device, which is equipped with permeable bricks at the bottom, and adjust the argon flow rate to 0.35m³ / h. 3 / h, argon blowing time 15min, with the stirring effect of argon bubbles to promote full contact between slag-forming agent and molten steel; during the slag-forming process, the furnace temperature is maintained at 1540℃ for 20min to ensure that the slag-forming reaction is fully carried out; at the same time, 60% mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added to the furnace to improve the modification effect of inclusions.

[0159] S3. Slag Addition in Ladle: Slowly pour the molten steel from the furnace into the ladle to avoid splashing and secondary oxidation; add the remaining 30% of the slag-forming agent (particle size 0.5~1mm) to the ladle, and at the same time add a small amount of aluminum particles to fine-tune the Al content of the molten steel to 0.50%. After stirring evenly, the slag-forming agent forms an 8mm thick dynamic protective slag layer on the surface of the molten steel; add the remaining 40% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and let it stand for 15 minutes.

[0160] S4. Casting and Molding: The bottom-pouring casting process is adopted. The molten steel in the ladle is poured into the pre-made sand mold (fracture wall specifications: 700mm×500mm×90mm). The casting speed is controlled at 1.2kg / s. During the casting process, the slag layer status is observed in real time to keep the slag layer thickness stable at 8mm to prevent slag layer cracking. After casting is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the casting blank.

[0161] S5. Heat treatment and subsequent processing: The casting blank is sent into the heat treatment furnace and a two-stage heat treatment process is adopted. First, the temperature is raised to 920℃ and held for 4 hours; then the temperature is raised to 1100℃ and held for 3 hours; then it is air-cooled to room temperature, and after grinding and finishing, the crushed wall finished product is obtained.

[0162] Comparative Example 1 (The Al2O3 content in the slag-forming agent is lower than that in this invention)

[0163] Slagging agent formulation (mass fraction): Al2O3: 38%, CaO: 40%, SiO2: 7.1%, BaO: 4.5%, B2O3: 1.8%, graphite powder: 2.0%, ilmenite powder: 3.2%, CaF2: 2.7%, Y2O3: 0.7%. The application process is the same as in Example 5.

[0164] Comparative Example 2 (The Al2O3 content in the slag-forming agent is higher than that in this invention)

[0165] Slagging agent formulation (mass fraction): Al2O3: 47%, CaO: 40%, SiO2: 4.2%, BaO: 2.6%, B2O3: 1.1%, graphite powder: 1.2%, ilmenite powder: 1.9%, CaF2: 1.6%, Y2O3: 0.4%. The application process is the same as in Example 5.

[0166] Comparative Example 3 (BaO component is missing in the slag-forming agent)

[0167] Slagging agent formulation (mass fraction): Al2O3: 42%, CaO: 40%, SiO2: 7.4%, B2O3: 1.8%, graphite powder: 2.0%, ilmenite powder: 3.3%, CaF2: 2.8%, Y2O3: 0.7%. The application process is the same as in Example 5.

[0168] Comparative Example 4 (The slag-forming agent lacks the Y2O3 component)

[0169] Slagging agent formulation (mass fraction): Al2O3: 42%, CaO: 40%, SiO2: 6.0%, BaO: 3.8%, B2O3: 1.5%, graphite powder: 1.7%, ilmenite powder: 2.7%, CaF2: 2.3% (Y2O3 is missing). The application process is the same as in Example 5.

[0170] Comparative Example 5 (the pretreatment temperature of the slag-forming agent is lower than the range of this invention)

[0171] The slagging agent formulation is the same as in Example 5. The application process is based on Example 5, except that the pretreatment temperature of the slagging agent is changed to 700℃, and drying is carried out for 2 hours; the moisture content after drying is 0.8%, and the remaining processes are the same as in Example 5.

[0172] Comparative Example 6 (Slag-forming agent is added in a single application process)

[0173] The slagging agent formulation is the same as in Example 5. The application process is based on Example 5, with the slagging agent being added all at once during the slagging stage in the furnace. The rest of the process is the same as in Example 5.

[0174] Performance testing

[0175] To verify the slag-forming effect of the slag-forming agent of the present invention and its feasibility in the production of aluminum-containing high-manganese steel parts, systematic performance tests were conducted on the samples of the above embodiments and comparative examples, as follows:

[0176] I. Testing Basis

[0177] 1. Oxygen content detection in molten steel: Performed in accordance with GB / T 11261-2006 "Determination of Oxygen Content in Steel - Pulse Heating Inert Gas Melting-Infrared Absorption Method";

[0178] 2. Determination of Al2O3 inclusion content in molten steel: Performed in accordance with GB / T 10561-2023 "Standard Rating Chart Microscopic Examination Method for Determination of Non-metallic Inclusion Content in Steel";

[0179] 3. Surface roughness inspection of castings: Performed in accordance with GB / T 15056-2017 "Method for evaluating the surface roughness of castings";

[0180] 4. Internal density testing of castings: Performed in accordance with GB / T 5677-2018 "Radiographic Inspection of Castings", using radiographic testing method;

[0181] 5. Surface defect rate detection of castings: The method shall be carried out in accordance with GB / T 39428-2020 "Visual inspection method for surface quality of sand castings of steel". The number of samples with defects such as cracks, pits, and slag inclusions in 100 samples shall be counted and the defect rate shall be calculated.

[0182] 6. Hardness testing of castings: Performed in accordance with GB / T 230.1-2018 "Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method", HRC hardness was tested, 5 points were tested for each sample, and the average value was taken;

[0183] 7. Impact toughness testing of castings: Performed according to GB / T 229-2020 "Metallic Materials - Charpy Pendulum Impact Test Method", testing α... k Value (J / cm) 2 Three samples were tested for each sample, and the average value was taken.

[0184] II. Comparison of Performance Test Data between Examples and Comparative Examples

[0185] To clearly present the experimental results, the relevant performance test data of the examples and comparative examples are summarized in Table 1.

[0186]

[0187] III. Analysis of Test Data

[0188] Based on the above test data and experimental process, the slag-forming effect, component performance, and influence of various parameters of the slag-forming agent of this invention are analyzed, as follows:

[0189] 1. The test results of Examples 1-5 of this invention show that, using the slag-forming agent and application process of this invention, the oxygen content of molten steel is consistently maintained at 15.4-18.3 ppm (≤20 ppm), the Al2O3 inclusion content is less than 0.005%, the surface roughness is ≤Ra3.0μm, the internal density is ≥99.5%, the surface defect rate is ≤1.0%, the hardness (HRC) is in the range of 28-35, and the impact toughness (α) is... k ≥120J / cm 2 The performance indicators meet the high-load working conditions of accessories such as cone crusher liners, grinding chamber walls, and crushing walls, and the performance consistency is good.

[0190] 2. Comparing Examples 1-2 (lining plate), Example 3 (jaw chute), and Examples 4-5 (crusher wall), it can be seen that as the Al content of molten steel decreases, the hardness and impact toughness of the components decrease slightly, and the oxygen content and Al2O3 inclusion content of molten steel also decrease. This is because the Al content decreases, the Al2O3 inclusions generated by oxidation decrease, and the adsorption pressure of the slag-forming agent decreases. This further proves that the slag-forming agent of the present invention can be flexibly adapted according to the Al content of different components, realizing "one slag, multiple formulations".

[0191] 3. Comparing Example 5 with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that when the Al2O3 content in the slag-forming agent deviates from the range of 40-45% of the present invention, the slag-forming effect and the performance of the accessories decrease significantly: if the Al2O3 content is too low (Comparative Example 1), the adsorption capacity is insufficient, the removal effect of Al2O3 inclusions becomes worse, the oxygen content of the molten steel increases, and the surface defect rate of the casting increases significantly; if the Al2O3 content is too high (Comparative Example 2), the melting point of the slag increases, the fluidity decreases, the contact between the slag-forming agent and the molten steel is insufficient, and the removal efficiency of inclusions decreases. This proves that controlling the content of Al2O3, as the core adsorption phase, within the range of the present invention is the key to achieving excellent slag-forming effect.

[0192] 4. Comparing Example 5 with Comparative Examples 3-4, it can be seen that when the slag-forming agent lacks auxiliary components such as BaO and Y2O3, its performance is significantly lower than that of Example 5: the lack of BaO (Comparative Example 3) results in poorer slag-steel separation and increased slag inclusions; the lack of Y2O3 (Comparative Example 4) reduces the selectivity of Al2O3 inclusion adsorption and decreases the inclusion removal efficiency. This proves that the synergistic effect of the auxiliary components and core components of the slag-forming agent of this invention is the key to achieving the triple function of "adsorption + deoxidation + prevention of secondary oxidation", and none of them can be omitted.

[0193] 5. Comparing Example 5 with Comparative Examples 5-6, it can be seen that when the process parameters deviate from the scope of this invention, the slag-forming effect decreases significantly: the pretreatment temperature is too low (Comparative Example 5), the slag-forming agent has too much residual moisture, and new oxygen is introduced during the smelting process, resulting in hydrogen-induced cracks and an increase in casting defects; the one-time addition process (Comparative Example 6) results in insufficient contact between the slag-forming agent and the molten steel, and there is no effective protective slag layer during the casting process, which cannot inhibit secondary oxidation. This proves that the optimized preparation method and segmented addition process of this invention are important guarantees for giving full play to the role of the slag-forming agent.

[0194] The above content should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of this invention to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of this invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered as falling within the patent protection scope defined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A slag-forming agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel, characterized in that, The formula composition by mass fraction is as follows: Al2O3: 40~45%, CaO: 38~42%, SiO2: 4.2~4.7%, BaO: 2.6~5.1%, B2O3: 1.0~1.8%, graphite powder: 1.2~2.0%, ilmenite powder: 1.9~3.3%, CaF2: 1.6~2.8%, Y2O3: 0.4~0.7%; the slagging agent has a particle size of 0.5~3mm and a moisture content of ≤0.5%.

2. The slagging agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the slag-forming agent is divided according to the application scenario: 1~3mm for slag forming in the furnace, and 0.5~1mm for slag replenishment in the ladle.

3. The slagging agent for aluminum-containing high-manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphite powder has a fixed carbon content of ≥90%, the ilmenite powder has a TiO2 content of ≥50%, and the Y2O3 purity is ≥99%.

4. A method for preparing an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Ingredients and Mixing: Weigh each component according to the formula to ensure that the ratio error does not exceed ±0.1%; place the weighed materials in a mixer and stir at a speed of 280~320r / min for 40~50min to obtain a uniformly mixed material; S2. Particle size classification: The uniformly mixed material is sieved to obtain finished materials with different particle size ranges; S3. Gradient heating drying: Place the sieved material in the drying equipment, first keep it at 120~150℃ for 1 hour, then raise the temperature to 800℃ at a rate of 50℃ / h and keep it at a constant temperature for 2 hours. During the drying process, control the ambient humidity to ≤30%. S4. Cooling: Allow the dried material to cool naturally to 400~450℃, then stir and cool to room temperature in a sealed container; S5. Sealed storage: Detect the moisture content of the cooled material. If the moisture content is ≤0.5%, seal and store it. If the moisture content is >0.5%, return to step S3 for additional drying until the material passes the test.

5. The application of an aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent prepared according to claim 3 in the production of cone crusher parts, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Steel melting: Add the molten steel raw material to the melting furnace, heat it to 1520~1560℃ under the protection of an inert atmosphere, hold it for 20~30 minutes to completely melt and uniformly mix the raw material, and obtain aluminum-containing high manganese steel molten steel. S2. In-furnace slagging: Add 70% of the slagging agent to the molten steel in the smelting furnace. The amount of slagging agent added is 1.5~2.0% of the mass of the molten steel. At the same time, turn on the bottom-blowing argon device, which is equipped with permeable bricks at the bottom. Adjust the argon flow rate to 0.25~0.35m³ / h. 3 / h, argon blowing time 10~15min, maintain furnace temperature at 1500~1540℃ during slag formation, hold for 15~20min to achieve deep oxygen reduction and inclusion adsorption in molten steel; S3. Slag replenishment in ladle: Pour the molten steel from the furnace into the ladle, add the remaining 30% of the slag-forming agent into the ladle, stir evenly to form a protective slag layer of 6-9 mm thickness, and let it stand for 10-15 minutes. S4. Casting and Molding: The bottom-pouring casting process is adopted to pour the molten steel in the ladle into the prefabricated mold. The casting speed is controlled at 0.8~1.2kg / s. During the casting process, the slag layer thickness is kept stable at 6~9mm to avoid slag layer cracking. S5. Heat treatment and subsequent processing: After the cast parts are cooled to room temperature, they are sent to a heat treatment furnace and subjected to a two-stage heat treatment process. First, the temperature is raised to 880~920℃ and held for 3~4 hours. Then, the temperature is raised to 1050~1100℃ and held for 2~3 hours. After that, they are air-cooled to room temperature. After grinding and finishing, the cone crusher parts are obtained.

6. The application of the aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent according to claim 5 in the production of cone crusher parts, characterized in that, In step S1, argon or nitrogen is used as the inert atmosphere in the furnace, with a purity of ≥99.99%, and the furnace pressure is controlled at 0.10~0.12MPa.

7. The application of the aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent according to claim 5 in the production of cone crusher parts, characterized in that, In step S2, the amount of slag-forming agent added is adjusted according to the type of accessory: the amount of slag-forming agent added in the production of liner plates is 2.0% of the mass of molten steel, the amount of slag-forming agent added in the production of mantle is 1.7% of the mass of molten steel, and the amount of slag-forming agent added in the production of crusher walls is 1.5% of the mass of molten steel.

8. The application of the aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent according to claim 5 in the production of cone crusher parts, characterized in that, In step S3, rare earth alloy needs to be added in two stages: 60% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added during the slag-forming stage in the furnace, and the remaining 40% of the mixed rare earth ferrosilicon alloy is added during the ladle slag replenishment stage.

9. The application of the aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent according to claim 5 in the production of cone crusher parts, characterized in that, In step S5, after the two-stage heat treatment, the hardness (HRC) of the component stabilizes at 28.5~33.8, and the impact toughness (α) remains stable. k ≥120J / cm 2 Surface roughness ≤ Ra3.0 μm, internal density ≥ 99.5%.

10. The application of the aluminum-containing high-manganese steel slagging agent according to any one of claims 5 to 9 in the production of cone crusher parts, characterized in that, The cone crusher accessories include liners, grinding chamber walls, and crushing walls.

Images