Preparation device and method of anti-aging insulating paper based on pecvd oil-paper insulation performance

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation device and a preparation method of oil-paper insulation performance anti-aging insulation paper based on PECVD. The preparation device comprises a processing system, a conveying system, a gas supply system and a control system. The processing system comprises a shell, an electrode system and a pulse power supply. Three accommodation spaces are formed in the shell and are separated from each other. The three accommodation spaces are arranged at intervals along a first direction. The electrode system is accommodated in the shell. The electrode system comprises three groups of electrodes arranged at intervals along the first direction. Each group of electrodes comprises two electrodes. The two electrodes of each group of electrodes are arranged at intervals along a second direction. A deposition space is formed between the two electrodes of each group of electrodes. The gas supply system is used for supplying gas to the processing system. The preparation device of the oil-paper insulation performance anti-aging insulation paper based on PECVD can enhance the electrochemical performance and mechanical performance of the insulation paper and improve the anti-aging ability of the insulation paper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulating paper modification, and in particular to an apparatus and method for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulating paper with good insulation properties and anti-aging properties. Background Technology

[0002] As the core main insulation structure of critical electrical equipment such as power transformers, high-voltage cables, and capacitors, the long-term stability of the oil-paper insulation system is the cornerstone of ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the power grid. This system is mainly composed of cellulose-based insulating paper and mineral insulating oil. The insulating paper provides the mechanical framework and main dielectric strength, while the insulating oil fills the pores, handles heat dissipation, uniforms the electric field, and suppresses partial discharge. However, over the decades-long operating cycle of these devices, this composite system continuously endures electrical stress under operating voltage, high-temperature damage from load current, and moisture erosion from environmental intrusion. The combined effect of these multiple factors leads to irreversible aging of the insulating material and deterioration of the oil-paper insulation performance.

[0003] The aging of insulating paper is essentially a degradation process of cellulose polymer chains. Specifically, heat activates the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose molecular chains, triggering free radical chain reactions that generate oxygen-containing functional groups such as carbonyl and carboxyl groups. This causes the molecular chains to break, the degree of polymerization to decrease rapidly, and the paper to lose mechanical strength while its insulation performance deteriorates. Trace amounts of moisture inside the equipment, along with acidic products from aging (such as formic acid and acetic acid), catalyze the hydrolysis and breakage of cellulose glycosidic bonds; this process is self-accelerating. Active particles generated by partial discharge or corona discharge (such as ozone and high-energy electrons) directly bombard the paper fiber surface, causing corrosion and carbonization, forming conductive channels, and further generating more acidic substances and gases. These aging factors work together to ultimately lead to a decrease in the electrical strength of the insulating paper, an increase in the dielectric loss factor, and a deterioration in the insulation performance of the paper, becoming a major cause of equipment failure.

[0004] To improve the anti-aging performance of oil-paper insulation, existing technologies mainly focus on chemical modification and physical protection of materials, but all have significant limitations. Firstly, the chemical additive method: adding antioxidants or nanoparticles to the insulating oil can inhibit oil aging to some extent, but the additives migrate, are consumed, or precipitate over time, and the nanoparticles may agglomerate, affecting heat dissipation and the electrical properties of the oil. Furthermore, the aging problem of paper fibers remains unresolved. Secondly, the surface coating method: using impregnation, spraying, or other methods to coat the insulating paper with organic polymers (such as epoxy resin, polyimide) or inorganic particles (such as nano-alumina) to form an insulating layer. However, these coatings often have weak adhesion to the cellulose matrix and are easily peeled off under thermal cycling or mechanical vibration. Uneven coating thickness may also introduce electric field distortion, exacerbating partial discharge. Thirdly, the fiber bulk modification method: reinforcing the pulp fibers through chemical grafting, cross-linking, or nanocompositing (such as adding nano-cellulose, montmorillonite). These methods are complex, requiring multiple reaction steps or precise dispersion, resulting in high industrial production costs. Furthermore, the modifiers may damage the original fiber structure, leading to a decrease in paper porosity and affecting the impregnation and flowability of insulating oil. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a preparation method that can precisely enhance the anti-aging properties of insulating paper at low temperatures without compromising its intrinsic properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to provide a PECVD-based apparatus for preparing oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties. Through a specially designed processing system, a cellulose substrate is passed through a first deposition space, a second deposition space, and a third deposition space, respectively, where a first film layer is deposited. This first film layer enhances the electrochemical and mechanical properties of the insulation paper, improves its anti-aging ability, and exhibits better bonding between the first film layer and the cellulose substrate, making it less prone to peeling. Furthermore, it does not damage the properties of the cellulose substrate itself. The apparatus allows for direct processing of the insulation paper under atmospheric pressure, and is simple and efficient to operate.

[0006] The present invention also proposes a method for preparing insulating paper using the above-mentioned PECVD-based oil paper insulation performance anti-aging insulating paper preparation device.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulating paper with anti-aging properties includes: a processing system comprising a housing, an electrode system, and a pulse power supply. The housing contains three mutually spaced-apart receiving spaces, which are spaced apart along a first direction. The electrode system is housed within the housing and includes three sets of electrode groups spaced apart along the first direction. Each set of electrode groups is housed within one of the three receiving spaces. Each set of electrode groups includes two electrodes, which are spaced apart along a second direction to form a deposition space between the two electrodes in each set. The deposition spaces formed by the three sets of electrode groups are respectively a first deposition space, a second deposition space, and a third deposition space. The pulse power supply is used to supply power to the electrode system. The first deposition system intersects with the second deposition system; a conveying system for moving a cellulose substrate to the first deposition space, for moving the cellulose substrate from the first deposition space to the second deposition space to deposit a first film layer, and for moving the cellulose substrate from the second deposition space to the third deposition space to reinforce the first film layer to form an insulating paper; a gas supply system for supplying gas to the processing system and comprising three gas supply components, each of the three gas supply components being respectively connected to the three containment spaces, each gas supply component including a gas supply line and a gas outlet line, the gas supply line of each gas supply component being used to deliver gas to the corresponding containment space, and the gas outlet line of each gas supply component being used to discharge gas from the containment space; and a control system electrically connected to the processing system, the conveying system, and the gas supply system.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a PECVD-based apparatus for preparing oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties is provided. A processing system is configured to allow a cellulose substrate to pass through a first deposition space, a second deposition space, and a third deposition space, respectively, depositing a first film layer on the cellulose substrate. This first film layer enhances the electrochemical and mechanical properties of the insulation paper, improves its anti-aging ability, and exhibits better bonding between the first film layer and the cellulose substrate, making it less prone to peeling. Furthermore, it does not damage the properties of the cellulose substrate itself. The apparatus allows for direct processing of the insulation paper under atmospheric pressure, and is simple and efficient to operate.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conveying system includes an unwinding shaft mechanism and a winding shaft mechanism. The unwinding shaft mechanism includes an unwinding motor and an unwinding shaft, and the winding shaft mechanism includes a winding motor and a winding shaft. One end of the cellulose substrate is connected to the unwinding shaft and the other end is connected to the winding shaft. The unwinding motor is connected to the unwinding shaft to drive the unwinding shaft to release the cellulose substrate, and the winding motor is connected to the winding shaft to drive the winding shaft to wind and receive the insulating paper. The housing has an inlet and an outlet at both ends along a first direction. The cellulose substrate is fed into the first deposition space through the inlet, and the insulating paper is discharged from the third deposition space through the outlet.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conveying system further includes two guide roller assemblies, which are respectively located on both sides of the housing along a first direction. The two guide roller assemblies are a first guide roller assembly and a second guide roller assembly, respectively. The first guide roller assembly is located between the unwinding mechanism and the feed inlet, and the second guide roller assembly is located between the winding mechanism and the discharge outlet. Each guide roller assembly includes a first guide roller and a second guide roller arranged adjacent to each other. The cellulose substrate passes through the gap between the first guide roller and the second guide roller of the first guide roller assembly and enters the feed inlet. The insulating paper passes through the gap between the first guide roller and the second guide roller of the second guide roller assembly and is wound and housed by the winding reel.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conveying system further includes two idlers and two idler drive devices. The two idlers are respectively a first idler and a second idler and are located on both sides of the housing along a first direction. The first idler is located between the unwinding mechanism and the feed inlet, and the second idler is located between the winding mechanism and the discharge outlet. Each idler drive device is used to drive the corresponding idler to rotate. The idler is disposed at the bottom of the insulating paper to support the insulating paper.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the housing includes an outer shell and two partitions, the two partitions being arranged at intervals along a first direction to divide the interior of the housing into three receiving spaces, the three receiving spaces being a first receiving space, a second receiving space, and a third receiving space, each partition being provided with a transfer port, the transfer port on the partition between the first receiving space and the second receiving space being used to transfer the cellulose substrate from the first receiving space to the second receiving space, and the transfer port on the partition between the second receiving space and the third receiving space being used to transfer the cellulose substrate from the second receiving space to the third receiving space.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a temperature sensor and a heat dissipation component are also included. Both the temperature sensor and the heat dissipation component are connected to the control system. The temperature sensor is disposed on the electrode and is used to detect the temperature of the electrode. The control system is used to cause the heat dissipation component to cool the electrode when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor exceeds a set temperature.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a barrier dielectric layer is provided on the side of each of the two electrodes in each electrode group facing each other.

[0015] According to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention, the insulating paper is prepared using a PECVD-based anti-aging insulating paper preparation apparatus according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, and the insulating paper is prepared using a cellulose substrate. The cellulose substrate includes a first surface and a second surface disposed along the thickness direction. The method for preparing the insulating paper includes: A first film layer is deposited on the first surface of the cellulose substrate; Turn off the conveying system, the gas supply system, and the pulse power supply, and flip the cellulose substrate over; A first film layer is deposited on the second surface of the cellulose substrate; The deposition of the first film layer on the first or second surface of the cellulose substrate includes the following steps: (1) The gas supply system introduces a first gas into the containment space where the first deposition space is located, introduces a second gas into the containment space where the second deposition space is located, and introduces a third gas into the containment space where the third deposition space is located, wherein the first gas is argon, the second gas is a mixture of argon and hexamethyldisiloxane, and the third gas is a mixture of argon and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. (2) The pulse power supply supplies power to the electrode; (3) The conveying system continuously moves the cellulose substrate at a first set speed, wherein the first set speed is 1 m / s ~ 10 m / s; (4) After all the cellulose substrates on the winding shaft of the conveying system have been completely released, stop conveying the cellulose substrates, turn off the gas supply system and the pulse power supply, flip the cellulose substrates over, and repeat the above (1) to (4) operations. Then stop conveying the cellulose substrates and turn off the gas supply system and the pulse power supply.

[0016] The method for preparing insulating paper according to an embodiment of the present invention involves using a PECVD-based apparatus for preparing oil-paper insulating paper with anti-aging properties according to a first aspect of the present invention to prepare the insulating paper using a cellulose substrate. A first film layer is deposited on the cellulose substrate. The first film layer can enhance the electrochemical and mechanical properties of the insulating paper, improve the anti-aging ability of the insulating paper, and has better bonding performance with the cellulose substrate. It is not easy to peel off and does not damage the properties of the cellulose substrate itself. The method allows for direct processing of the insulating paper under atmospheric pressure, and is simple and efficient.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the insulating paper further includes: detecting the temperature of the electrode, and when the temperature of the electrode is greater than a first set temperature, cooling the electrode; detecting the temperature of the deposition space, and when the temperature of the deposition space is greater than a second set temperature, the gas supply component additionally supplies a fourth gas to exhaust the deposition space.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gas supply system introduces a first gas into the containment space where the first deposition space is located, introduces a second gas into the containment space where the second deposition space is located, and introduces a third gas into the containment space where the third deposition space is located, including: the flow rates of the first gas, the second gas, and the third gas introduced by the gas supply system are all 10 L / min, the flow rate of argon in the first gas is 10 L / min, the flow rate of hexamethyldisiloxane in the second gas is 0.15 L / min, and the flow rate of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane in the third gas is 1.25 L / min.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of a preparation apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the flashover voltage test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1; Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the electrical strength test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

[0021] Figure label: 100. A device for preparing oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties based on PECVD; 1. Processing system; 11. Housing; 111. Partition; 112. Conveyor; 113. Feed inlet; 114. Discharge outlet; 115. Receiving space; 116. First receiving space; 117. Second receiving space; 118. Third receiving space; 12. Electrode system; 121. Electrode group; 122. Electrode; 123. Deposition space; 124. First deposition space; 125. Second deposition space; 126. Third deposition space; 13. Pulse power supply; 2. Conveying system; 21. Unwinding shaft mechanism; 22. Rewinding shaft mechanism; 23. Guide roller assembly; 231. First guide roller assembly; 232. Second guide roller assembly; 233. First guide roller; 234. Second guide roller; 24. Idler roller; 3. Gas supply system; 31. Gas supply components; 32. Gas supply pipeline; 33. Gas outlet pipeline; 41. Temperature sensor; 42. Heat dissipation assembly; 43. Uniformity tester; 5. Control system. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] The following is for reference. Figures 1-3 An apparatus 100 for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0024] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an apparatus 100 for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties includes: a processing system 1, a conveying system 2, an air supply system 3, and a control system 5.

[0025] The processing system 1 includes a housing 11, an electrode system 12, and a pulse power supply 13. The housing 11 has three mutually spaced-apart receiving spaces 115, which are arranged at intervals along a first direction. The electrode system 12 is housed within the housing 11 and includes three sets of electrode groups 121 arranged at intervals along the first direction. The three sets of electrode groups 121 are respectively housed within the three receiving spaces 115. Each set of electrode groups 121 includes two electrodes 122. The two electrodes 122 of each set of electrode groups 121 are arranged at intervals along a second direction to form a deposition space 123 between the two electrodes 122 of each set of electrode groups 121. The deposition spaces 123 formed by the three sets of electrode groups 121 are a first deposition space 124, a second deposition space 125, and a third deposition space 126, respectively. The pulse power supply 13 is used to supply power to the electrode system 12. The first direction and the second direction intersect.

[0026] The conveying system 2 is used to move the cellulose substrate to the first deposition space 124, to move the cellulose substrate from the first deposition space 124 to the second deposition space 125 to deposit the first film layer, and to move the cellulose substrate from the second deposition space 125 to the third deposition space 126 to reinforce the first film layer to form insulating paper.

[0027] The gas supply system 3 supplies gas to the processing system 1 and includes three gas supply components 31. Each gas supply component 31 is connected to one of three containment spaces 115. Each gas supply component 31 includes a gas supply line 32 and a gas outlet line 33. The gas supply line 32 of each gas supply component 31 supplies gas to the corresponding containment space 115, and the gas outlet line 33 of each gas supply component 31 discharges gas from the containment space 115. The control system 5 is electrically connected to the processing system 1, the conveying system 2, and the gas supply system 3.

[0028] As the core of high-voltage electrical equipment, the long-term stability of oil-paper insulation systems directly affects power grid safety. During long-term operation, insulating paper faces the combined effects of multiple stresses, including electrical, thermal, and moisture stresses, leading to aging and a decline in insulation performance, which becomes a major cause of equipment failure. Therefore, how to block or delay this complex aging process at the material level is a key scientific issue and technological challenge for improving the reliability and lifespan of power equipment. Existing methods, such as chemical additives, surface coatings, or fiber modification, have limitations: they either fail to protect the paper base, damage the original material structure, or involve complex processes. There is an urgent need to develop a new method that can efficiently strengthen the insulating paper at low temperatures without damaging its performance, especially in simultaneously improving resistance to thermal, electrical, and water-induced aging without compromising the original properties of the insulating paper.

[0029] Plasma is the fourth state of matter after solid, liquid, and gas. When the applied voltage reaches the breakdown voltage, gas molecules are ionized, producing a mixture including electrons, ions, atoms, and atomic groups. It is a novel molecular activation method.

[0030] Although the electron temperature is very high during low-temperature plasma discharge, the heavy particle temperature is very low, and the entire system exhibits a low-temperature state, hence the name cold plasma, also known as non-equilibrium plasma. Plasma has wide applications in many fields such as semiconductor industry, new energy industry, polymer thin film, material corrosion protection, metallurgy, coal chemical industry, industrial waste treatment, medical industry, LCD display assembly, and aerospace.

[0031] The high activity of low-temperature plasma allows for the induction of various chemical reactions or physical doping at room temperature while ensuring that the bulk properties of the matrix material remain unaffected. Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) can be excited by different types of power supplies, each with its own advantages for different processing targets. Under atmospheric pressure, DBD is currently the most common form of atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma in industrial applications of material surface modification, especially suitable for processing wide-area planar materials. In the plasma region, precursors and reactant gases are introduced. Under the influence of the active particles and temperature of the microwave plasma, the precursor vapor reacts chemically with the reactant gas to generate product vapor. The product vapor further nucleates to form initial particles, which collide and aggregate to form particle clusters. These clusters grow on the surface of the insulating paper material and penetrate deep into the layered structure of cellulose, achieving the purpose of enhancing performance.

[0032] For example, pulse power supply 13 is a nanosecond pulse power supply 13, with operating parameters of voltage 14kV and repetition frequency 5kHz.

[0033] For example, three gas supply components 31 supply different gases to three containment spaces 115. The three containment spaces 115 are a first containment space 116, a second containment space 117, and a third containment space 118, through which the cellulose substrate passes sequentially. Argon gas is introduced into the first containment space 116 by the gas supply components 31, which activates the surface of the cellulose substrate, forming multiple active sites on its surface to prepare for subsequent deposition and make the first film layer formed during the subsequent deposition process more uniform. A mixture of argon gas and hexamethyldisiloxane is introduced into the second containment space 117 by the gas supply components 31, forming the framework of the first film layer on the surface of the cellulose substrate. The first film layer is composed of elements such as carbon, silicon, and oxygen, which can improve the insulation performance of the insulating paper. The gas supply component 31 introduces a mixture of argon and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane into the third accommodating space 118 to strengthen the first film layer, forming insulating paper, improving the mechanical properties of the insulating paper, and further enhancing its insulating properties, making the first film layer more uniform and dense. Argon is selected as the working gas, along with a non-toxic, non-flammable, and environmentally friendly silicon-containing medium. Only water, oxygen, and other byproducts are generated during the process, truly achieving environmentally friendly treatment.

[0034] For example, the gas supply system 3 includes a flow controller, which is located in the gas supply line 32.

[0035] For example, the control system 5 includes a human-machine interface system. The display screen of the human-machine interface system shows the winding and unwinding speed control module, the gas and medium flow control module, the electrode 122 temperature monitoring module, the discharge operation parameter control module, and the modification effect monitoring module. Different modules play different roles, working together to control the processing and simultaneously monitor the processing effect.

[0036] For example, it also includes an emergency stop button. Pressing the emergency stop button cuts off the power supply to the equipment's power circuit; unscrewing the reset emergency stop button restores the power supply to the equipment's power circuit.

[0037] The processing system 1 allows the cellulose substrate to pass through the first deposition space 124, the second deposition space 125, and the third deposition space 126 respectively, depositing a first film layer on the cellulose substrate. The first film layer can enhance the electrochemical and mechanical properties of the insulating paper, improve the aging resistance of the insulating paper, and the bonding performance between the first film layer and the cellulose substrate is better, making it less prone to peeling off, and without damaging the properties of the cellulose substrate itself.

[0038] Using this modified preparation apparatus to prepare insulating paper allows for direct processing of the insulating paper under atmospheric pressure, resulting in simple operation, high efficiency, and reduced process complexity.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 100 for preparing oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties based on PECVD, through the processing system 1, allows a cellulose substrate to pass through a first deposition space 124, a second deposition space 125, and a third deposition space 126 respectively, depositing a first film layer on the cellulose substrate. The first film layer can enhance the electrochemical and mechanical properties of the insulation paper, improve the anti-aging ability of the insulation paper, and has better bonding performance with the cellulose substrate, making it less prone to peeling. Furthermore, it does not damage the properties of the cellulose substrate itself, and can directly process the insulation paper under atmospheric pressure, making the operation simple and efficient.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conveying system 2 includes an unwinding shaft mechanism 21 and a winding shaft mechanism 22. The unwinding shaft mechanism 21 includes an unwinding motor and an unwinding shaft, and the winding shaft mechanism 22 includes a winding motor and a winding shaft. One end of the cellulose substrate is connected to the unwinding shaft and the other end is connected to the winding shaft. The unwinding motor is connected to the unwinding shaft to drive the unwinding shaft to release the cellulose substrate, and the winding motor is connected to the winding shaft to drive the winding shaft to wind and store the insulating paper. The housing 11 has an inlet 113 and an outlet 114 at both ends along the first direction. The inlet 113 feeds the cellulose substrate into the first deposition space 124, and the outlet 114 is used for the insulation paper to be discharged from the third deposition space 126.

[0041] The unwinding motor drives the unwinding reel to rotate, releasing the cellulose substrate that has not undergone thin film deposition treatment. The cellulose substrate enters the receiving space 115 containing the first deposition space 124 through the feed port 113, and is surface activated in the first deposition space 124. Subsequently, the cellulose substrate deposits the first film layer in the second deposition space 125 and the third deposition space 126 in sequence. After the deposition is completed, the formed insulating paper is discharged from the third deposition space 126 through the discharge port 114. The winding motor drives the winding reel to rotate, so that the insulating paper is finally wound into the winding reel.

[0042] By including an unwinding shaft mechanism 21 and a winding shaft mechanism 22 in the conveying system 2, it is convenient to store and hold cellulose substrates that have not undergone thin film deposition treatment and insulating paper that has undergone thin film deposition treatment, thereby improving space utilization. By connecting the unwinding motor to the unwinding reel, the unwinding motor can drive the unwinding reel to rotate, thereby releasing the cellulose substrate that has not undergone thin film deposition treatment; by connecting the winding motor to the winding reel, the winding motor can drive the winding reel to rotate, thereby winding and storing the insulating paper that has undergone thin film deposition treatment. At the same time, the cellulose substrate between the unwinding reel and the winding reel can be moved to the corresponding position, so as to deposit the first film layer on the cellulose substrate.

[0043] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conveying system 2 further includes two guide roller assemblies 23, which are respectively located on both sides of the housing 11 along a first direction. The two guide roller assemblies 23 are a first guide roller assembly 231 and a second guide roller assembly 232. The first guide roller assembly 231 is located between the unwinding mechanism and the feed inlet 113, and the second guide roller assembly 232 is located between the winding mechanism and the discharge outlet 114. Each guide roller assembly 23 includes a first guide roller 233 and a second guide roller 234 arranged adjacent to each other. The cellulose substrate passes through the gap between the first guide roller 233 and the second guide roller 234 of the first guide roller assembly 231 and enters the feed inlet 113. The insulating paper passes through the gap between the first guide roller 233 and the second guide roller 234 of the second guide roller assembly 232 and is wound and stored by the winding reel.

[0044] By including a guide roller assembly 23 in the conveying system 2, and the guide rollers including a first guide roller 233 and a second guide roller 234, the first guide roller 233 and the second guide roller 234 of the first guide roller assembly 231 can guide the cellulose substrate into the feed inlet 113, making the cellulose substrate flat and the transmission stable. The first guide roller 233 and the second guide roller 234 of the second guide roller assembly 232 can receive the insulating paper from the discharge outlet 114 and transfer the insulating paper to the take-up roll, making the insulating paper flat and the transmission stable.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conveying system 2 further includes two idler rollers 24 and two idler roller 24 driving devices. The two idler rollers 24 are respectively a first idler roller 24 and a second idler roller 24 and are located on both sides of the housing 11 along a first direction. The first idler roller 24 is located between the unwinding mechanism and the feed inlet 113, and the second idler roller 24 is located between the winding mechanism and the discharge outlet 114. Each idler roller 24 driving device is used to drive the corresponding idler roller 24 to rotate. The idler roller 24 is disposed at the bottom of the insulating paper to support the insulating paper.

[0046] The idler roller 24 is positioned at the bottom of the insulating paper, supporting it and making it flatter. The idler roller 24 is driven to rotate by the drive device, and the idler roller 24 moves the insulating paper through friction, which helps to move the insulating paper and makes the transmission of the insulating paper more stable.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the housing 11 includes an outer shell and two partitions 111. The two partitions 111 are arranged at intervals along a first direction to divide the interior of the housing 11 into three receiving spaces 115. The three receiving spaces 115 are a first receiving space 116, a second receiving space 117, and a third receiving space 118. Each partition 111 is provided with a conveying port 112. The conveying port 112 on the partition 111 between the first receiving space 116 and the second receiving space 117 is used to convey the cellulose substrate from the first receiving space 116 to the second receiving space 117. The conveying port 112 on the partition 111 between the second receiving space 117 and the third receiving space 118 is used to convey the cellulose substrate from the second receiving space 117 to the third receiving space 118.

[0048] The housing 11 is divided into three accommodating spaces 115 by partitions 111, which prevents gas interference between adjacent spaces 115 and ensures sufficient gas concentration within each space 115, allowing the cellulose substrate to be fully activated or for the first film layer to be deposited on it. A transfer port 112 is provided on each partition 111, allowing the cellulose substrate to be transferred between the first and second accommodating spaces 116 and 117, and between the second and third accommodating spaces 117 and 118.

[0049] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a temperature sensor 41 and a heat dissipation assembly 42 are also included. Both the temperature sensor 41 and the heat dissipation assembly 42 are connected to the control system 5. The temperature sensor 41 is disposed on the electrode 122 and is used to detect the temperature of the electrode 122. The control system 5 is used to cause the heat dissipation assembly 42 to cool the electrode 122 when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 41 exceeds a set temperature. By including the temperature sensor 41 and the heat dissipation assembly 42 in the fabrication apparatus, the temperature sensor 41 can detect the temperature of the electrode 122, and when the temperature of the electrode 122 exceeds the set temperature, the heat dissipation assembly 42 can cool the electrode 122, thus preventing the motor from overheating.

[0050] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a barrier dielectric layer is provided on the side of each electrode group 121 facing each other for the two electrodes 122. Through the provision of the barrier dielectric layer, the electrode group 121 is formed as a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) electrode 122, generating plasma from the gas in the deposition space 123. This allows for the deposition of a thin film on the surface of the cellulose substrate, enhancing its mechanical and electrical properties while maintaining the inherent properties of the cellulose substrate. Furthermore, the process is carried out at near room temperature, making it suitable for polymer materials.

[0051] For example, the width of each electrode group 121 is the same as the width of the cellulose substrate, for example, the width is 120cm, the length of the electrode group 121 is 45cm, and the residence time of the cellulose substrate in a single electrode group 121 is 6min.

[0052] According to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention, an insulating paper preparation method is used to prepare insulating paper using a PECVD-based anti-aging insulating paper preparation apparatus 100 according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention. The insulating paper is prepared using a cellulose substrate, the cellulose substrate including a first surface and a second surface disposed along the thickness direction. The method for preparing the insulating paper includes: A first film layer is deposited on the first surface of a cellulose substrate; Turn off conveyor system 2, air supply system 3 and pulse power supply 13, and turn the cellulose substrate over; A first film layer is deposited on the second surface of a cellulose substrate; The deposition of the first film layer on the first or second surface of the cellulose substrate includes the following steps: (1) The gas supply system 3 introduces a first gas into the containment space 115 where the first deposition space 124 is located, introduces a second gas into the containment space 115 where the second deposition space 125 is located, and introduces a third gas into the containment space 115 where the third deposition space 126 is located. The first gas is argon, the second gas is a mixture of argon and hexamethyldisiloxane, and the third gas is a mixture of argon and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. (2) The pulse power supply 13 supplies power to the electrode 122; (3) The conveying system 2 continuously moves the cellulose substrate at a first set speed, the first set speed being 1 m / s ~ 10 m / s; (4) After the cellulose substrates on the winding shaft of the conveying system 2 are completely released, stop conveying the cellulose substrates, turn off the air supply system 3 and the pulse power supply 13, turn the cellulose substrates over, and repeat the above (1)~(4) operations. Then stop conveying the cellulose substrates and turn off the air supply system 3 and the pulse power supply 13.

[0053] By using the PECVD-based anti-aging insulating paper preparation apparatus 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention to prepare insulating paper using a cellulose substrate, the silicon-containing active material can be uniformly filmed on the surface of the insulating paper during the paper processing. At the same time, the silicon-containing medium molecules can penetrate deep into the interior of the insulating paper, thereby improving the surface paper insulation performance (flashover voltage) and the bulk paper insulation performance (electrical strength). The highly adhesive silicon-containing film can remain stable during the paper impregnation process. In the paper-oil composite insulation system, the highly stable silicon-containing film deposition gives the paper insulation performance strong anti-aging ability.

[0054] For example, the control system 5 includes a control cabinet, a speed sensor, and a uniformity tester 43. The control system 5 controls the operating parameters of various parts of the system based on the information transmitted by the speed sensor, monitors the system operation status, adjusts the system processing status at any time, and monitors and ensures the uniformity of the processing by taking pictures through the uniformity tester 43.

[0055] For example, shutting down the transmission system 2, the air supply system 3, and the pulse power supply 13 includes: first stopping the discharge of the pulse power supply 13, then stopping the air supply of the air supply system 3, and finally stopping the rotation of the transmission system 2.

[0056] According to the method for preparing insulating paper according to an embodiment of the present invention, insulating paper is prepared using a cellulose substrate by means of a PECVD-based oil paper insulating performance anti-aging insulating paper preparation apparatus 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention. A first film layer is deposited on the cellulose substrate. The first film layer can enhance the electrochemical and mechanical properties of the insulating paper, improve the anti-aging ability of the insulating paper, and the bonding performance between the first film layer and the cellulose substrate is better. It is not easy to peel off and does not damage the properties of the cellulose substrate itself. The insulating paper can be directly processed under atmospheric pressure. The operation is simple and efficient.

[0057] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing insulating paper further includes: detecting the temperature of electrode 122, and cooling electrode 122 when the temperature of electrode 122 is greater than a first set temperature; detecting the temperature of deposition space 123, and supplying a fourth gas to exhaust the deposition space 123 when the temperature of deposition space 123 is greater than a second set temperature.

[0058] By cooling the electrode 122 when its temperature exceeds the first set temperature, overheating of the motor can be avoided, ensuring the safety of the insulating paper preparation process.

[0059] When the temperature of the deposition space 123 is higher than the second set temperature, the gas supply component 31 supplies an additional fourth gas to exhaust the deposition space 123. The exhaust can reduce the temperature of the deposition space 123, so that the insulation paper preparation process is maintained at the set temperature, ensuring the safety of the insulation paper preparation process.

[0060] For example, the second set temperature is 85°C.

[0061] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gas supply system 3 introduces a first gas into the containment space 115 where the first deposition space 124 is located, introduces a second gas into the containment space 115 where the second deposition space 125 is located, and introduces a third gas into the containment space 115 where the third deposition space 126 is located. The gas supply system 3 introduces the first gas, the second gas, and the third gas at a flow rate of 10 L / min. The flow rate of argon in the first gas is 10 L / min, the flow rate of hexamethyldisiloxane in the second gas is 0.15 L / min, and the flow rate of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane in the third gas is 1.25 L / min.

[0062] Argon gas is introduced into the containment space 115 where the first deposition space 124 is located by the gas supply component 31. This can activate the surface of the cellulose substrate and form multiple active sites on the surface of the cellulose substrate, which prepares for subsequent deposition and makes the first film layer formed in the subsequent deposition process more uniform.

[0063] The gas supply component 31 introduces a mixture of argon and hexamethyldisiloxane into the containment space 115 where the second deposition space 125 is located. The surface of the cellulose substrate forms the framework of the first film layer. The first film layer is composed of elements such as carbon, silicon, and oxygen, which can improve the insulation performance of the insulating paper.

[0064] The gas supply component 31 introduces a mixture of argon and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane into the containment space 115, where the third deposition space 126 is located, to strengthen the first film layer, forming insulating paper, improving the mechanical properties of the insulating paper, and further enhancing its insulating properties, making the first film layer more uniform and dense. Argon is selected as the working gas, along with a non-toxic, non-flammable, and environmentally friendly silicon-containing medium. Only water, oxygen, and other byproducts are generated during the process, truly achieving environmentally friendly treatment.

[0065] The following reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The electrical properties of insulating paper prepared by a method according to some embodiments of the present invention are described and tested.

[0066] Example 1 is an insulating paper prepared by a method for preparing insulating paper according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0067] Comparative Example 1 is a cellulose substrate without the first film layer deposited.

[0068] First, Comparative Example 1, Example 1, and insulating oil were vacuum dried at 130°C for 48 hours. Then, Comparative Example 1 was immersed in insulating oil at a mass ratio of 1:15, and Example 1 was immersed in insulating oil at a mass ratio of 1:15. They were then placed in a vacuum drying oven and vacuum-impregnated at 40°C for 48 hours. The above process completed the impregnation process.

[0069] Thermal aging and electrical aging experiments were conducted on Comparative Example 1 and Example 1.

[0070] Thermal aging test: Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 were placed in a drying oven after sampling, and the conditions of 130°C and 50 Pa were set to accelerate thermal aging. The aging time was set to 30 days.

[0071] Electrical aging test: The electrical aging test was conducted using a testing platform. The testing platform included a boost converter controller, boost converter, power filter, partial discharge detector, oscilloscope, high-voltage probe, and data acquisition computer. During the aging process, a 5-minute discharge was performed every hour from 08:00 to 20:00 daily, with a test voltage of 5kV, for a total aging time of 30 days.

[0072] The flashover voltage and electrical strength of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 were tested before and after thermal aging, and after electrical aging, respectively. The test results are as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the flashover voltage and electrical strength of Example 1 before aging are significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 1 before aging. The flashover voltage and electrical strength of Example 1 after thermal aging and Example 1 after electrical aging are also significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 1 after thermal aging. Therefore, it can be seen that, according to the method for preparing insulating paper according to some embodiments of the present invention, depositing a first film layer on the surface of a cellulose substrate can significantly improve the electrical properties of the insulating paper.

[0073] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0074] In the description of this invention, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0075] In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0076] In the description of this invention, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or it may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them.

[0077] In the description of this invention, the terms "above," "over," and "on top" for the first feature and the second feature include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0078] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0079] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties, characterized in that, include: The processing system includes a housing, an electrode system, and a pulse power supply. The housing contains three mutually spaced-apart accommodating spaces, which are spaced apart along a first direction. The electrode system is housed within the housing and includes three sets of electrodes spaced apart along the first direction. Each set of electrodes is housed within one of the three accommodating spaces. Each set of electrodes includes two electrodes, which are spaced apart along a second direction to form a deposition space between the two electrodes in each set. The deposition spaces formed by the three sets of electrodes are designated as a first deposition space, a second deposition space, and a third deposition space. The pulse power supply supplies power to the electrode system. The first and second directions intersect. A conveying system for moving a cellulose substrate to a first deposition space, for moving a cellulose substrate from the first deposition space to a second deposition space to deposit a first film layer, and for moving a cellulose substrate from the second deposition space to the third deposition space to reinforce the first film layer to form an insulating paper; A gas supply system is used to supply gas to the processing system and includes three gas supply components. The three gas supply components are respectively connected to the three containment spaces. Each gas supply component includes a gas supply line and a gas outlet line. The gas supply line of each gas supply component is used to deliver gas to the corresponding containment space, and the gas outlet line of each gas supply component is used to discharge gas from the containment space. The control system is electrically connected to the processing system, the conveying system, and the gas supply system.

2. The apparatus for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying system includes an unwinding shaft mechanism and a winding shaft mechanism. The unwinding shaft mechanism includes an unwinding motor and an unwinding shaft. The winding shaft mechanism includes a winding motor and a winding shaft. One end of the cellulose substrate is connected to the unwinding shaft and the other end is connected to the winding shaft. The unwinding motor is connected to the unwinding shaft to drive the unwinding shaft to release the cellulose substrate. The winding motor is connected to the winding shaft to drive the winding shaft to wind and receive the insulating paper. The housing has an inlet and an outlet at both ends along a first direction. The cellulose substrate is fed into the first deposition space through the inlet, and the insulating paper is discharged from the third deposition space through the outlet.

3. The apparatus for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying system further includes two guide roller assemblies, which are respectively located on both sides of the housing along a first direction. The two guide roller assemblies are a first guide roller assembly and a second guide roller assembly. The first guide roller assembly is located between the unwinding mechanism and the feed inlet, and the second guide roller assembly is located between the winding mechanism and the discharge outlet. Each guide roller assembly includes a first guide roller and a second guide roller arranged adjacent to each other. The cellulose substrate passes through the gap between the first guide roller and the second guide roller of the first guide roller assembly and enters the feed inlet. The insulating paper passes through the gap between the first guide roller and the second guide roller of the second guide roller assembly and is wound and stored by the winding reel.

4. The apparatus for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying system further includes two idlers and two idler drive devices. The two idlers are a first idler and a second idler, respectively, and are located on both sides of the housing along a first direction. The first idler is located between the unwinding mechanism and the feed inlet, and the second idler is located between the winding mechanism and the discharge outlet. Each idler drive device is used to drive the corresponding idler to rotate. The idler is located at the bottom of the insulating paper to support the insulating paper.

5. The apparatus for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes an outer shell and two partitions. The two partitions are arranged at intervals along a first direction to divide the interior of the housing into three receiving spaces, namely a first receiving space, a second receiving space, and a third receiving space. Each partition is provided with a transfer port. The transfer port on the partition between the first receiving space and the second receiving space is used to transfer the cellulose substrate from the first receiving space to the second receiving space, and the transfer port on the partition between the second receiving space and the third receiving space is used to transfer the cellulose substrate from the second receiving space to the third receiving space.

6. The apparatus for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature sensor and a heat dissipation component. Both the temperature sensor and the heat dissipation component are connected to the control system. The temperature sensor is located on the electrode and is used to detect the temperature of the electrode. The control system is used to cause the heat dissipation component to cool the electrode when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor exceeds a set temperature.

7. The apparatus for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each electrode group, the two electrodes facing each other have a barrier dielectric layer on one side.

8. A method for preparing insulating paper, characterized in that, The apparatus for preparing PECVD-based oil-paper insulation paper with anti-aging properties according to any one of claims 1-7 is used to prepare the insulation paper using a cellulose substrate, wherein the cellulose substrate includes a first surface and a second surface disposed along the thickness direction, and the method for preparing the insulation paper includes: A first film layer is deposited on the first surface of the cellulose substrate; Turn off the conveying system, the gas supply system, and the pulse power supply, and flip the cellulose substrate over; A first film layer is deposited on the second surface of the cellulose substrate; The deposition of the first film layer on the first or second surface of the cellulose substrate includes the following steps: (1) The gas supply system introduces a first gas into the containment space where the first deposition space is located, introduces a second gas into the containment space where the second deposition space is located, and introduces a third gas into the containment space where the third deposition space is located, wherein the first gas is argon, the second gas is a mixture of argon and hexamethyldisiloxane, and the third gas is a mixture of argon and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. (2) The pulse power supply supplies power to the electrode; (3) The conveying system continuously moves the cellulose substrate at a first set speed, wherein the first set speed is 1 m / s ~ 10 m / s; (4) After all the cellulose substrates on the winding shaft of the conveying system have been completely released, stop conveying the cellulose substrates, turn off the gas supply system and the pulse power supply, flip the cellulose substrates over, and repeat the above (1) to (4) operations. Then stop conveying the cellulose substrates and turn off the gas supply system and the pulse power supply.

9. The method for preparing insulating paper according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The temperature of the electrode is detected, and when the temperature of the electrode is greater than a first set temperature, the electrode is cooled down. The temperature of the deposition space is detected. When the temperature of the deposition space is greater than the second set temperature, the gas supply component additionally supplies a fourth gas to exhaust the deposition space.

10. The method for preparing insulating paper according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gas supply system introduces a first gas into the containment space containing the first deposition space, a second gas into the containment space containing the second deposition space, and a third gas into the containment space containing the third deposition space, including: The gas supply system introduces the first gas, the second gas, and the third gas at a flow rate of 10 L / min. The flow rate of argon in the first gas is 10 L / min, the flow rate of hexamethyldisiloxane in the second gas is 0.15 L / min, and the flow rate of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane in the third gas is 1.25 L / min.

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