Rural water supply system and method combining photovoltaic energy storage with water resource management

Abstract

The application discloses a rural water supply system and method combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management, and relates to the technical field of water supply systems. The rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management comprises an interactive unit, which is connected with a photovoltaic power supply unit, a water management unit and a pump group management unit through wired or wireless communication. The interactive unit comprises a frequency conversion control cabinet and a user terminal connected through communication. The application takes the frequency conversion control cabinet as the core, and is equipped with a solar cell panel, an energy storage battery, multiple types of monitoring sensors and a frequency conversion and power frequency composite pump group. Through real-time monitoring data, the application executes dynamic regulation and control such as shutdown protection, frequency conversion speed regulation, pump group switching and pump increasing and pump reducing according to preset rules, realizes real-time control and accurate regulation and control of the water supply process, greatly improves the stability and fault tolerance of the pump group operation, optimizes the use and distribution of water resources, improves the operation efficiency and reliability, and provides a stable water supply solution with high energy efficiency, high reliability and high fault tolerance for rural and remote areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water resource utilization technology, and relates to a rural water supply system that combines photovoltaic energy storage with water resource management. This invention also relates to a rural water supply method that combines photovoltaic energy storage with water resource management. Background Technology

[0002] In rural water resource utilization scenarios, water supply stability has long been constrained by problems such as insufficient energy supply, uneven distribution of water resources, and dispersed water demand. Traditional water supply methods generally suffer from pain points such as low efficiency and poor sustainability. Diesel-driven water pumps commonly used in rural areas not only have high energy consumption costs but also generate environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Conventional electric water pumps, which rely on unstable power grids, are easily affected by power supply fluctuations and cannot guarantee a continuous water supply. Manual water collection methods are labor-intensive and inefficient, and cannot meet the basic domestic water needs of rural communities.

[0003] Existing rural water supply solutions sometimes use simple photovoltaic pumping equipment to replace traditional energy sources, but these lack efficient management mechanisms and cannot dynamically adjust their operation based on real-time conditions such as water level and flow. This results in low energy efficiency and an imbalance in water resource allocation. Furthermore, traditional water supply systems do not integrate effective data monitoring and remote operation and maintenance functions, making it difficult to detect equipment failures in a timely manner, leading to high operation and maintenance costs. They also struggle to adapt to the varying environmental conditions and water demands of different rural areas, failing to fundamentally address the stability and sustainability of rural water supply.

[0004] Therefore, developing a rural water supply solution that integrates renewable energy supply and management technologies to achieve efficient energy utilization, precise water resource allocation, and remote system operation and maintenance has become the key to solving the water supply problem in rural areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a rural water supply system that combines photovoltaic energy storage with water resource management, which solves the problems of strong energy dependence, inconvenient operation and maintenance, low water resource utilization efficiency, imperfect pump control mechanism and weak emergency response capability in the existing technology.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a rural water supply method that combines photovoltaic energy storage with water resource management.

[0007] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is a rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management, comprising an interactive unit that is connected to a photovoltaic power supply unit, a water management unit, and a pump management unit via wired or wireless communication; the interactive unit includes a frequency converter control cabinet and a user terminal connected by communication; the photovoltaic power supply unit includes solar panels and energy storage batteries connected by electrical connection; the water management unit includes several monitoring sensors, each of which is connected to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless communication; the pump management unit includes several variable frequency speed control pumps, each of which is connected to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless signal.

[0008] The first technical solution of this invention is also characterized by:

[0009] The monitoring sensors are a water level sensor, a flow sensor, a voltage and current sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0010] The water level sensor is installed at the water source intake point, the flow sensor is installed on the water delivery pipeline between the pump management unit and the water user terminal, the pressure sensor is installed on the outlet pipeline of the water user terminal, and the voltage and current sensors are installed on the energy storage battery.

[0011] An MPPT charging controller is connected between the solar panel and the energy storage battery.

[0012] The variable frequency control cabinet has built-in interconnected data transmission module, parameter setting module, and pump control module. The data transmission module receives real-time data from the water management unit and transmits it to the parameter setting module, while simultaneously sending real-time monitoring data and the operating status of the pump management unit to the user terminal. The parameter setting module presets threshold ranges for key parameters and pump control rules, compares real-time monitoring data with each threshold range, formulates control commands based on the pump control rules, and sends the control commands to the pump control module. The pump control module receives the control commands and sends execution commands to each variable frequency speed control pump within the pump management unit.

[0013] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is a rural water supply method combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management. This method uses the aforementioned rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management to supply water to rural areas. A pump management unit is connected between the water source intake point and the water user terminal via a water pipeline. Specifically, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Preset the threshold range of key system operation indicators and pump control rules; Step 2: Collect real-time monitoring data of key indicators. If the data does not exceed the threshold range, continue monitoring. If the data exceeds the threshold range, proceed to Step 3. Step 3: Develop a pump control plan based on the pump control rules; Step 4: Check the operating status of the water supply system after adjustment, intervene manually as needed, and continue to monitor the water supply system remotely.

[0014] The second technical solution of the present invention is further characterized by: Key indicators in step 1 include the water level at the water source intake point, the flow rate of the water transmission pipeline, the outlet pressure of the water terminal, and the output voltage and current of the energy storage battery; the pump control rules include the highest and lowest operating frequencies of the variable frequency speed control pump, the trigger conditions for switching to power frequency operation, and the pump start-stop execution logic in sequence.

[0015] The pump control scheme includes shutdown protection control, low-pressure pump start-up and booster control, full-frequency booster control, and low-load frequency reduction and pump switching control.

[0016] The shutdown protection control is as follows: if the water level at the water source intake point is detected to be lower than the preset lower limit, a shutdown command is immediately issued to the pump management unit to avoid the pump running dry and being damaged; when the voltage and current data are detected to exceed the preset normal range, such as undervoltage or overvoltage, the control power supply is cut off, the water supply equipment stops running, and the equipment enters the shutdown protection state. The low-pressure pump start-up and booster control are as follows: the preset pressure value is determined based on the pressure value required at the most unfavorable point of the user in the water supply area. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is less than the preset pressure value, a signal is sent to the frequency converter control cabinet. After receiving the signal, the frequency converter control cabinet starts the frequency converter speed pump and increases the outlet pressure value of the frequency converter speed pump by increasing the operating frequency of the frequency converter. The full-frequency pump booster control is as follows: when the variable frequency speed control pump reaches its highest frequency and the monitored pressure value is still less than the preset pressure value and continues for a set time, the variable frequency speed control pump is switched to power frequency operation, and at the same time another variable frequency speed control pump is started and enters variable frequency operation mode until the pressure sensor monitoring value reaches the preset pressure value. The low-load frequency reduction and pump switching control are as follows: When the user's water consumption decreases, the outlet pressure increases accordingly. When the pressure sensor detects that the user's pipeline pressure value is greater than the set pressure value, the frequency converter control cabinet issues a frequency reduction command to reduce the operating frequency of the frequency converter pump. If the frequency converter frequency is lower than the preset minimum frequency, and the detected pressure value is still greater than the preset pressure value and continues for the set duration, the operation of the frequency converter pump will be stopped immediately, and the water pump that is already running at the power frequency will be switched to the frequency converter operation mode until the pressure sensor detects the preset pressure value.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention integrates photovoltaic energy and control technology, utilizing solar photovoltaics to achieve energy self-sufficiency and zero-carbon operation. Through real-time monitoring and dynamic data processing, it enables real-time control and precise regulation of the water supply process. The pump management unit, based on real-time monitoring and data analysis from the frequency converter control cabinet, controls the automatic speed adjustment and switching of the number of pumps, significantly improving the stability and fault tolerance of pump operation. Simultaneously, through real-time data collection and remote monitoring, timely decision-making optimizes water resource use and allocation, improving operational efficiency and reliability. This provides a high-efficiency, high-reliability, and high-fault-tolerant stable water supply solution for rural and remote areas. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the rural stable water supply system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical connections of the photovoltaic power supply unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the rural stable water supply system of this invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the rural stable water supply method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] This invention provides a rural water supply system that combines photovoltaic energy storage with water resource management, including an interactive unit. The interactive unit is connected to a photovoltaic power supply unit, a water management unit, and a pump management unit via wired or wireless communication. The interactive unit includes a frequency converter control cabinet and a user terminal that are connected via communication.

[0021] The frequency converter control cabinet serves as the core control hub, coordinating the operation of the photovoltaic power supply unit, water management unit, and pump management unit. This enables automated management and control of rural water supply, remote data monitoring, and safe and stable water supply. Simultaneously, it transmits the operating parameters of the photovoltaic power supply unit, water management unit, and pump management unit to the user terminal. Users can view real-time data on water source level, water flow rate, pump operating status, and other comprehensive operating conditions through the user terminal, allowing them to monitor the system's operational status at any time. This is the data transmission process from the frequency converter control cabinet to the user terminal. Figure 1 As shown, each unit has a clear division of labor and works together efficiently, comprehensively addressing pain points such as insufficient energy supply, inconvenient management and control, and low safety assurance in rural water supply.

[0022] The photovoltaic power supply unit includes solar panels and energy storage batteries connected electrically; the photovoltaic power supply unit provides power to the entire system, and the electrical connection relationship of the energy conversion and distribution of the photovoltaic power supply unit is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0023] An MPPT charging controller is connected between the solar panels and the energy storage battery. The solar panels, as the power generation end, convert the captured light energy into electrical energy, which is then regulated and controlled by the MPPT charging controller to charge the energy storage battery. The energy storage battery continuously supplies power to the frequency converter control cabinet, water management unit, pump group management unit, and interaction unit. At the same time, the energy storage battery can also serve as a backup power supply for the community power grid. The MPPT charging controller can track the maximum output power point of the solar panels in real time to maximize energy harvesting efficiency, while also providing overcharge and over-discharge protection for the photovoltaic power supply unit to ensure the stable operation of the power supply system.

[0024] The pump management unit is the core of water supply and delivery execution. It includes several variable frequency speed control pumps and fixed frequency pumps. Each variable frequency speed control pump and fixed frequency pump is connected to the variable frequency control cabinet via wired or wireless signals, receives the control commands from the variable frequency control cabinet, and performs frequency adjustment, start-up, shutdown, and rotation operation actions on each variable frequency speed control pump. When the variable frequency speed control pump still cannot match the water load after reaching the minimum operating frequency, the fixed frequency pump is started.

[0025] The input end of the pump management unit is connected to the water source intake point, and the output end is connected to the water user terminal through the water distribution network. The water user terminal is a rural community. The variable frequency speed control pumps within the pump management unit operate in rotation or simultaneously, and serve as backups for each other. When any variable frequency speed control pump fails, the variable frequency control cabinet immediately issues a command to activate other operational variable frequency speed control pumps, ensuring that the water supply capacity of the pump management unit is not affected.

[0026] The water management unit, as the core of the system's on-site data acquisition and water supply execution, is responsible for collecting real-time operating data and uploading it to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless network. The water management unit includes several monitoring sensors, namely water level sensors, flow sensors, voltage and current sensors, and pressure sensors. Each monitoring sensor is connected to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless communication, uploading the collected data to the frequency converter control cabinet to provide a basis for the pump management unit's control.

[0027] A water level sensor is installed at the water intake point to collect and upload real-time water level data; a flow sensor is installed on the water transmission pipeline between the pump management unit and the water user terminal to collect and upload real-time flow data during water transmission; a pressure sensor is installed on the outlet pipeline of the water user terminal to collect the outlet pressure data; and a voltage and current sensor is installed on the energy storage battery to transmit the collected power supply parameters of the energy storage battery to the frequency converter control cabinet.

[0028] As the core control hub of the entire water supply system, the variable frequency control cabinet replaces the traditional control unit. It has built-in interconnected data transmission module, parameter setting module, and pump group control module, eliminating the need for additional control modules, simplifying the system structure and reducing the difficulty of operation and maintenance.

[0029] The data transmission module receives real-time data from the water management unit and transmits it to the parameter setting module. At the same time, it sends real-time monitoring data and the operating status of the pump group management unit to the user terminal, ensuring both the timeliness and accuracy of data transmission, and facilitating users to remotely view the system's operating status. The parameter setting module presets threshold ranges for key parameters and pump control rules to provide judgment criteria for the system. It also compares real-time monitoring data with each threshold range, formulates control instructions based on the pump control rules, and sends the control instructions to the pump control module. Key parameters include water level at the water source intake point, water flow rate, energy storage battery voltage and current, and outlet water pressure. The pump control module receives control commands and sends execution commands to each variable frequency speed control pump in the pump management unit.

[0030] This invention also provides a rural water supply method that combines photovoltaic energy storage with water resource management, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the rural water supply system and method combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management described above provide stable water supply in rural areas. The pump management unit is connected between the water source intake point and the water user terminal via a water pipeline. Figure 4 As shown, please follow these steps: Step 1: Preset the threshold range of key indicators for the operation of the water supply system and the pump control rules.

[0031] Key indicators include the water level at the water intake point, the flow rate of the water transmission pipeline, the water outlet pressure at the water terminal, and the output voltage and current of the energy storage battery. The pump control rules include the highest and lowest operating frequencies of the variable frequency speed control pump, the trigger conditions for switching to power frequency operation, and the execution logic for sequential start and stop of the pump.

[0032] Step 1 completed the full-dimensional system operation configuration, providing a unified and clear judgment standard and execution basis for subsequent automated control and scheduling, ensuring the orderly linkage of each unit in the system and the accuracy of control from the source. By inputting basic thresholds, control rules, and operating procedures into the parameter setting module of the frequency converter control cabinet, the judgment standards for core operating conditions such as water level and pressure, the execution logic of pump frequency adjustment, switching, start-up and shutdown, and the operating requirements of pump rotation are solidified into the basis of system operation instructions. This enables the frequency converter control cabinet to have the basic judgment capabilities of data comparison and instruction generation, ensuring that subsequent control actions in each link are based on rules and have standards for judgment.

[0033] Step 2: Collect real-time monitoring data of key indicators and determine whether they exceed the preset threshold range; if they do not exceed the threshold range, continue monitoring; if they exceed the threshold range, proceed to Step 3.

[0034] This step completes the real-time acquisition and uploading of comprehensive system operating data, providing a complete, accurate, and real-time data source for the variable frequency control cabinet's condition determination and pump group regulation. It is a fundamental data link for realizing automated system control. Through the dedicated monitoring functions of different types of sensors in the water management unit, the water level status of the water source and reservoir, the flow changes in the water transmission pipeline, the power supply capacity of the energy storage battery, and the pressure status of the water supply pipeline are collected and uploaded to the variable frequency control cabinet in real time, enabling the variable frequency control cabinet to accurately grasp all operating condition information of the system.

[0035] Step 3: Develop a control plan based on the pump set control rules.

[0036] The frequency converter control cabinet monitors pressure data from pressure sensors and combines it with flow data to determine changes in user water load. It then sends control commands to the pump management unit to achieve dynamic matching between pump operation mode and water supply flow. Specific pump control schemes include shutdown protection control, low-pressure pump start-up and booster control, full-frequency booster control, and low-load frequency reduction and pump switching control.

[0037] The shutdown protection control is as follows: if the water level at the water source intake point is detected to be lower than the preset lower limit, a shutdown command is immediately issued to the pump management unit to avoid the pump running dry and being damaged; when the voltage and current data are detected to exceed the preset normal range, such as undervoltage or overvoltage, the control power supply is cut off, the water supply equipment stops running, and the equipment enters the shutdown protection state. The low-pressure pump start-up and booster control are as follows: the preset pressure value is determined based on the pressure value required at the most unfavorable point of the user in the water supply area. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is less than the preset pressure value, a signal is sent to the frequency converter control cabinet. After receiving the signal, the frequency converter control cabinet starts the frequency converter speed pump and increases the outlet pressure value of the frequency converter speed pump by increasing the operating frequency of the frequency converter. The full-frequency pump booster control is as follows: when the variable frequency speed control pump reaches its highest frequency and the monitored pressure value is still less than the preset pressure value and continues for a set time (e.g., 30 seconds), the variable frequency speed control pump is switched to power frequency operation, and at the same time another variable frequency speed control pump is started and enters variable frequency operation mode until the pressure sensor monitoring value reaches the preset pressure value. The low-load frequency reduction and pump switching control are as follows: When the user's water consumption decreases, the outlet pressure increases accordingly. When the pressure sensor detects that the user's pipeline pressure value is greater than the set pressure value, the frequency converter control cabinet issues a frequency reduction command to reduce the operating frequency of the frequency converter pump. If the frequency converter frequency is lower than the preset minimum frequency, and the detected pressure value is still greater than the preset pressure value and continues for a set time (such as 30 seconds), the frequency converter pump will be stopped immediately, and the pump that is already running at the power frequency will be switched to the frequency converter operation mode until the pressure sensor detects the preset pressure value.

[0038] By implementing the above control scheme, problems such as pump idling and equipment damage caused by abnormal water levels, power supply failures, and flow rates can be avoided in a timely manner, ensuring the safe operation of the core equipment of the system and laying a solid foundation for safe operation of subsequent pump control. The frequency converter control cabinet compares and analyzes the real-time collected operating data with the basic safety thresholds preset in step 1, identifies abnormal operating states of the system through logical judgment, and automatically generates and issues protection commands such as shutdown and pump start according to preset rules, quickly cutting off abnormal operation links and avoiding losses and failures caused by equipment operation under abnormal conditions, thus achieving basic safety protection for the system.

[0039] Simultaneously, it can achieve dynamic and precise matching between pump unit operating status and user water load. Adjusting pump unit frequency regulation, start-stop, and switching modes according to real-time changes in water load ensures stable water supply network pressure, meets user water needs, improves pump unit operating efficiency, and reduces energy consumption. This is the core link in the system's automatic regulation and stable water supply. Utilizing the negative correlation between water supply pipeline pressure and user water consumption, pressure data collected by pressure sensors serves as the core basis for regulation, combined with flow data to determine the trend of water load changes. Based on load changes and according to preset regulation logic, the frequency converter control cabinet issues commands such as frequency regulation, pump start-up, switching, and pump stop to the pump unit management unit. Through single-pump frequency regulation, multi-pump linkage, and switching between power frequency and frequency converters, it dynamically adjusts the pump unit's water supply capacity, ensuring that the water supply network pressure remains stable within the preset range, achieving the regulation goal of "on-demand water supply." Simultaneously, automatic pump rotation ensures balanced operation of each pump, guaranteeing stable overall pump unit water supply capacity.

[0040] Step 4: Manually check the operating status of the water supply system after adjustment, intervene manually according to actual needs, and continue to remotely monitor the water supply system.

[0041] Remote visualization and real-time monitoring of system operation data enable users to grasp the entire system's operational status at any time. Simultaneously, real-time data retention and traceability provide data support for remote manual maintenance and on-site repairs. This is a key aspect of achieving automated operation and maintenance and improving management convenience. The principle involves the frequency converter control cabinet integrating and processing the real-time received operating condition data and pump unit operating status data, then transmitting this data to the user terminal of the interactive unit, enabling remote data push and real-time alerts.

[0042] Example 1 This embodiment is applied to a single-village natural village in the hilly area of ​​southern China. The village has a permanent population of 82 people, who live scattered on the hillside with an elevation difference of about 50m. The water source is a mountain pond next to the village. There is no stable power supply from the municipal power grid. The traditional water supply is that the villagers carry water themselves, which is inefficient and greatly affected by the weather.

[0043] The rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management in this embodiment includes an interaction unit, which is connected to the photovoltaic power supply unit, water management unit, and pump management unit via wired or wireless communication. The interaction unit includes a frequency converter control cabinet and a user terminal connected by communication. The photovoltaic power supply unit includes solar panels and energy storage batteries connected by electrical connection. The water management unit includes several monitoring sensors, each of which is connected to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless communication. The pump management unit includes several variable frequency speed control pumps, each of which is connected to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless signal.

[0044] The monitoring sensors include a water level sensor, a flow sensor, a voltage / current sensor, and a pressure sensor. The water level sensor is installed at the water intake point, the flow sensor is installed on the water supply pipeline between the pump management unit and the user terminal, the pressure sensor is installed on the outlet pipeline of the user terminal, and the voltage / current sensor is installed on the energy storage battery. An MPPT charging controller connects the solar panels and the energy storage battery. The frequency converter control cabinet contains interconnected data transmission modules, parameter setting modules, and pump control modules.

[0045] This water supply system is equipped with 15 380W monocrystalline silicon solar panels to form a photovoltaic power supply unit, paired with a 20kWh lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery and an MPPT charging controller to meet the power supply requirements for full-load operation of the system; the water management unit is equipped with a 5.5kW variable frequency submersible pump (suitable for water intake from mountain ponds), a water level sensor is installed at the water intake point of the mountain pond, a water level sensor is installed at the central reservoir in the village (effective volume 10m³), a flow sensor is connected in series on the water transmission pipeline, a pressure sensor is installed on the water supply pipeline, and a voltage and current sensor is installed at the energy storage battery end.

[0046] The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Preset the threshold range of key system operation indicators and pump control rules; The lower limit of the reservoir water level is 1.2m, the lower limit of the water level in the storage tank is 0.5m, and the upper limit is 2.8m. The normal range of water conveyance flow is 1.0m³. 3 / h~3.0m 3 / h, normal outlet pressure range is 0.2MPa~0.4MPa.

[0047] Step 2: Collect real-time monitoring data of key indicators. If the data does not exceed the threshold range, continue monitoring. If the data exceeds the threshold range, proceed to Step 3. The photovoltaic power supply unit achieves energy self-sufficiency and consumes no mains power.

[0048] Step 3: Develop a control plan based on the pump set control rules; The frequency converter control cabinet automatically controls the start and stop of the water pump based on the water level data, and the water level in the reservoir is kept within the preset range. Villagers do not need to manually fetch water, and the water supply pressure is stable. Even in the rainy weather in the south, the energy storage battery can ensure that the system can supply water normally for 3 consecutive days.

[0049] Step 4: Check the operating status of the water supply system after adjustment, intervene manually as needed, and continue to monitor the water supply system remotely.

[0050] The comparison data between traditional water supply data and the operation of this water supply system is shown in Table 1 below.

[0051] Table 1

[0052] Therefore, after implementing the rural water supply system that combines photovoltaic energy storage with water resource management in this embodiment, the village's water supply problem was completely solved, the use and allocation of water resources were optimized, and operational efficiency and reliability were improved.

[0053] Example 2 This embodiment is applied to a scenario of joint water supply for three adjacent administrative villages in the northern plains, with a total permanent population of 560. The water source is a deep underground well (120m deep). The original power grid supplies water to the water pumps, but the power grid voltage fluctuates greatly, which easily leads to water pump shutdowns and water supply interruptions, and the electricity cost is high.

[0054] Compared to the rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management in Example 1, this water supply system is equipped with 80 400W monocrystalline silicon solar panels, a 100kWh energy storage battery pack, and a high-power MPPT charging controller. The photovoltaic power supply unit prioritizes powering the water supply system, and excess power can be connected to the village collective power grid as backup power. The water management unit is equipped with two 11kW deep well variable frequency water pumps (one for use and one for standby). A dedicated deep well water level sensor is installed at the deep well, a water level sensor is installed in the centralized water storage tank (effective volume 80m³), a flow sensor is installed on the main water supply pipeline, a pressure sensor is installed on the branch water supply pipelines of each administrative village, and voltage and current sensors are installed at the energy storage battery end.

[0055] The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Preset the threshold range of key system operation indicators and pump control rules; The lower limit for deep well water level is 15m, the lower limit for reservoir water level is 2.0m, and the upper limit is 6.0m. The normal range for main pipeline water flow is 8.0m³ / h. 3 / h~20.0m 3 / h, the normal range of water pressure at the outlet of the branch pipe is 0.15MPa~0.35MPa.

[0056] Step 2: Collect real-time monitoring data of key indicators. If the data does not exceed the threshold range, continue monitoring. If the data exceeds the threshold range, proceed to Step 3. After the system is put into operation, it will utilize the abundant solar energy resources in the north to achieve photovoltaic priority power supply, reducing grid electricity consumption by about 12,000 kWh per year and reducing electricity costs by 80%. Even if the grid is shut down, the energy storage battery can ensure a stable water supply for 5 consecutive days, enabling 24-hour uninterrupted water supply to 3 administrative villages, and significantly improving the stability of water supply.

[0057] Step 3: Develop a control plan based on the pump set control rules; The frequency converter control cabinet uses multi-dimensional sensor data to adjust the speed of the water pump and automatically switch between one pump in use and one in standby mode.

[0058] Step 4: Check the operating status of the water supply system after adjustment, intervene manually as needed, and continue to monitor the water supply system remotely.

[0059] After using the above water supply system and method, the original power grid water supply data is compared as shown in Table 2 below, and the monthly photovoltaic power generation is shown in Table 3 below.

[0060] Table 2

[0061] Table 3

[0062] Example 3 This embodiment is applied to a decentralized water supply scenario in nomadic settlements in arid pastoral areas of Northwest China. There are 23 herding households in this area, scattered across approximately 15 km² of grassland. The water source is a shallow well (30 m deep) in the pastoral area. There is no fixed power grid. Traditional water supply uses diesel generators to drive water pumps, which is costly in terms of fuel, pollutes the environment, and has low water supply efficiency.

[0063] Compared to the rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management in Example 1, this water supply system is equipped with six 380W solar panels at each water intake point, along with a 10kWh energy storage battery, forming an independent photovoltaic power supply module. A total of four water intake points are deployed to achieve full coverage of pastoral areas. Each water intake point in the water management unit is equipped with a 3kW variable frequency self-priming pump, and each shallow well is equipped with a submersible water level sensor and a small water storage tank (each with an effective volume of 5m³). 3 Water level sensors are installed, and miniature flow sensors and pressure sensors are installed in the water supply pipeline. Each module is equipped with an independent frequency converter control cabinet and data is connected to the Internet of Things.

[0064] The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Preset the threshold range of key system operation indicators and pump control rules; The lower limit of the shallow well water level is 3.0m, the lower limit of the water storage tank water level is 0.3m, and the upper limit is 1.8m. The normal range of water flow is 0.5m³ / h. 3 / h~1.5m 3 / h, normal outlet pressure range is 0.1MPa~0.25MPa.

[0065] Step 2: Collect real-time monitoring data of key indicators. If the data does not exceed the threshold range, continue monitoring. If the data exceeds the threshold range, proceed to Step 3. After the system is in operation, it will replace the diesel generator, achieve zero-carbon power supply, reduce fuel consumption by about 500L per year at a single water intake point, and produce no exhaust emissions.

[0066] Step 3: Develop a control plan based on the pump set control rules.

[0067] Step 4: Check the operating status of the water supply system after adjustment, intervene manually as needed, and continue to remotely monitor the water supply system. The Internet of Things (IoT) enables unified monitoring of data from four water intake points. Herders can check the water levels in each tank via their mobile phones and draw water from the nearest available source, solving the water supply problem caused by the scattered residences in pastoral areas. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic power supply unit is adapted to the strong sunlight environment of Northwest China, achieving an energy utilization efficiency of over 85%. The annual water consumption comparison of the four water intake points is shown in Table 4 below, and the average daily water supply capacity of the four water intake points is shown in Table 5 below.

[0068] Table 4

[0069] Table 5

[0070] Example 4 The rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management in this embodiment includes an interaction unit, which is connected to the photovoltaic power supply unit, the water management unit, and the pump management unit via wired or wireless communication. The interactive unit includes a frequency converter control cabinet and a user terminal with communication connections; A photovoltaic power supply unit includes solar panels and energy storage batteries that are electrically connected. The water management unit includes several monitoring sensors, each of which is connected to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless communication. The pump management unit includes several variable frequency speed control pumps, each of which is connected to the variable frequency control cabinet via wired or wireless signals.

[0071] Example 5 The rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management in this embodiment includes an interaction unit, which is connected to the photovoltaic power supply unit, the water management unit, and the pump management unit via wired or wireless communication. The interactive unit includes a frequency converter control cabinet and a user terminal with communication connections; A photovoltaic power supply unit includes solar panels and energy storage batteries that are electrically connected. The water management unit includes several monitoring sensors, each of which is connected to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless communication. The pump management unit includes several variable frequency speed control pumps, each of which is connected to the variable frequency control cabinet via wired or wireless signals.

[0072] The monitoring sensors are a water level sensor, a flow sensor, a voltage and current sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0073] The water level sensor is installed at the water source intake point, the flow sensor is installed on the water delivery pipeline between the pump management unit and the water user terminal, the pressure sensor is installed on the outlet pipeline of the water user terminal, and the voltage and current sensors are installed on the energy storage battery.

[0074] An MPPT charging controller is connected between the solar panel and the energy storage battery.

[0075] Example 6 The rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management in this embodiment includes an interaction unit, which is connected to the photovoltaic power supply unit, the water management unit, and the pump management unit via wired or wireless communication. The interactive unit includes a frequency converter control cabinet and a user terminal with communication connections; A photovoltaic power supply unit includes solar panels and energy storage batteries that are electrically connected. The water management unit includes several monitoring sensors, each of which is connected to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless communication. The pump management unit includes several variable frequency speed control pumps, each of which is connected to the variable frequency control cabinet via wired or wireless signals.

[0076] A rural water supply method combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management uses the aforementioned rural water supply system that combines photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management to provide stable water supply to rural areas. The pump management unit is connected between the water source intake point and the water user through a water pipeline. The specific implementation steps are as follows: Step 1: Preset the threshold range of key system operation indicators and pump control rules; Key indicators include the water level at the water source intake point, the flow rate of the water transmission pipeline, the outlet pressure of the water terminal, and the output voltage and current of the energy storage battery; the pump control rules include the highest and lowest operating frequencies of the variable frequency speed control pump, the trigger conditions for switching to power frequency operation, and the execution logic for sequential start and stop of the pump. Pump control schemes include shutdown protection control, low-pressure pump start-up and booster control, full-frequency booster control, and low-load frequency reduction and pump switching control. Step 2: Collect real-time monitoring data of key indicators. If the data does not exceed the threshold range, continue monitoring. If the data exceeds the threshold range, proceed to Step 3. Step 3: Develop a pump control plan based on the pump control rules; Step 4: Check the operating status of the water supply system after adjustment, intervene manually as needed, and continue to monitor the water supply system remotely.

Claims

1. A rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management, characterized in that, It includes an interaction unit, which is connected to the photovoltaic power supply unit, water management unit, and pump management unit via wired or wireless communication respectively; The interactive unit includes a frequency converter control cabinet and a user terminal with communication connections; A photovoltaic power supply unit includes solar panels and energy storage batteries that are electrically connected. The water management unit includes several monitoring sensors, each of which is connected to the frequency converter control cabinet via wired or wireless communication. The pump management unit includes several variable frequency speed control pumps, each of which is connected to the variable frequency control cabinet via wired or wireless signals.

2. The rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring sensors are a water level sensor, a flow sensor, a voltage and current sensor, and a pressure sensor.

3. The rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water level sensor is installed at the water source intake point, the flow sensor is installed on the water supply pipeline between the pump management unit and the water user terminal, the pressure sensor is installed on the outlet pipeline of the water user terminal, and the voltage and current sensors are installed on the energy storage battery.

4. The rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management according to claim 1, characterized in that, An MPPT charging controller is connected between the solar panel and the energy storage battery.

5. The rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency converter control cabinet has a built-in data transmission module, parameter setting module and pump group control module that are interconnected. The data transmission module receives real-time data from the water management unit and transmits it to the parameter setting module. At the same time, it sends the real-time monitoring data and the operating status of the pump group management unit to the user terminal. The parameter setting module presets the threshold range of key parameters and the pump group control rules. At the same time, it compares the real-time monitoring data with each threshold range, formulates control instructions according to the pump group control rules, and sends the control instructions to the pump group control module. The pump control module receives control commands and sends execution commands to each variable frequency speed control pump in the pump management unit.

6. A rural water supply method combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management, comprising using a rural water supply system combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 to supply water to rural areas, wherein a pump management unit is connected between the water source intake point and the water user terminal via a water transmission pipeline, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Preset the threshold range of key system operation indicators and pump control rules; Step 2: Collect real-time monitoring data of key indicators. If the data does not exceed the threshold range, continue monitoring. If the data exceeds the threshold range, proceed to Step 3. Step 3: Develop a pump control plan based on the pump control rules; Step 4: Check the operating status of the water supply system after adjustment, intervene manually as needed, and continue to monitor the water supply system remotely.

7. The rural water supply method combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management according to claim 6, characterized in that, The key indicators in step 1 include the water level at the water source intake point, the flow rate of the water transmission pipeline, the outlet pressure of the water terminal, and the output voltage and current of the energy storage battery; the pump group control rules include the highest and lowest operating frequencies of the variable frequency speed control pump, the trigger conditions for switching to power frequency operation, and the pump sequential start-stop execution logic.

8. The rural water supply method combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The pump control scheme includes shutdown protection control, low-pressure pump start-up and boosting control, full-frequency boosting control, and low-load frequency reduction and pump switching control.

9. The rural water supply method combining photovoltaic energy storage and water resource management according to claim 8, characterized in that, The shutdown protection control is specifically as follows: if the water level at the water intake point is detected to be lower than the preset lower limit, a shutdown command is immediately issued to the pump management unit to avoid the pump running dry and being damaged; when the voltage and current data are detected to exceed the preset normal range, such as undervoltage or overvoltage, the control power supply is cut off, the water supply equipment stops running, and the equipment enters the shutdown protection state. The low-pressure pump start-up and booster control are as follows: the preset pressure value is determined based on the pressure value required at the most unfavorable point of the user in the water supply area. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is less than the preset pressure value, a signal is sent to the frequency converter control cabinet. After receiving the signal, the frequency converter control cabinet starts the frequency converter speed pump and increases the outlet pressure value of the frequency converter speed pump by increasing the operating frequency of the frequency converter. The full-frequency pump booster control is as follows: when the variable frequency speed control pump reaches its highest frequency and the monitored pressure value is still less than the preset pressure value and continues for a set time, the variable frequency speed control pump is switched to power frequency operation, and at the same time another variable frequency speed control pump is started and enters variable frequency operation mode until the pressure sensor monitoring value reaches the preset pressure value. The low-load frequency reduction and pump switching control are as follows: When the user's water consumption decreases, the outlet pressure increases accordingly. When the pressure sensor detects that the user's pipeline pressure value is greater than the set pressure value, the frequency converter control cabinet issues a frequency reduction command to reduce the operating frequency of the frequency converter pump. If the frequency converter frequency is lower than the preset minimum frequency, and the detected pressure value is still greater than the preset pressure value and continues for the set duration, the operation of the frequency converter pump will be stopped immediately, and the water pump that is already running at the power frequency will be switched to the frequency converter operation mode until the pressure sensor detects the preset pressure value.

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