A combined mode of a steel structure building stand column, beam and floor

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of steel structure building column, beam and floor combination mode, including column, beam and floor, wherein column and beam have bolt hole, the edge of floor has bolt hole, column, beam and floor are connected together by bolt to form steel structure building, two floors sandwich a beam, and a whole is formed by screw rod passing through two floors and beam simultaneously.The advantages of the present application are: first, through this column-beam-plate system, the structure of such steel structure building can be stronger and more stable; second, the assembly modules of steel structure are prefabricated in factory, and the assembly process is simple, convenient and fast in the construction of large building, factory building and large plane building, which greatly shortens the construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of housing construction, and in particular to a method for combining columns, beams and floor slabs of steel structure buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated steel structure buildings refer to a type of building where steel structures serve as the primary load-bearing system. Major components such as beams, columns, floor slabs, and wall panels are prefabricated in factories and then transported to the construction site for assembly using reliable connection methods. Compared to traditional cast-in-place concrete buildings, prefabricated steel structure buildings offer significant advantages, including lighter weight, better seismic performance, smaller component cross-sections, higher space utilization, shorter construction cycles, less wet work, higher material recyclability, and lower carbon emissions. Developing prefabricated steel structure buildings is a crucial path to promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of the construction industry and realizing building industrialization.

[0003] In particular, the main shortcomings of current large-scale steel structure prefabricated building technology are as follows: In terms of structural integrity, the prefabricated node connection areas (especially beam-column nodes and module connection nodes) are subject to complex stresses and have relatively weak stiffness, making it difficult to control the lateral deformation of high-rise structures under horizontal loads; In terms of floor slab systems, existing prefabricated floor slabs generally have low stiffness, and their natural frequencies do not match the large span requirements of high-rise buildings. Furthermore, the combination and connection of prefabricated slabs and steel beams rely on a large number of on-site welded studs, which are cumbersome and have poor quality stability. The applicant invented a method for constructing a house. Chinese Invention Patent: Publication No. CN117661731A A modular house overall structure, assembly, transportation method and on-site installation method. It designs the modules to be the size of an overall shipping container for easy transportation, and then assembles multiple modules into a house. The frame includes at least two end frames, beams between the end frames and a fixed floor slab at the bottom; the movable floor slab is hinged to the fixed floor slab, so that the movable floor slab can be rotated along the fixed floor slab, and multiple rotated floor slabs and fixed floor slabs are connected to each other to form a constructed floor layer.

[0004] This construction method is very fast for housing construction because everything is completed in the factory, and on-site assembly is just a matter of assembling. However, it is not very convenient for large buildings, factories, and large flat buildings that require better load-bearing capacity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a large-scale steel structure prefabricated building technology system with reliable node connections, high floor slab stiffness, excellent performance in synergy with steel beams, high degree of component standardization, and convenient construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and provide a combination method for steel structure building columns, beams and floor slabs.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a combination method of columns, beams, and floor slabs for a steel structure building. The columns and beams have bolt holes, and the edges of the floor slabs also have bolt holes. Bolts are used to connect the columns, beams, and floor slabs together to form a steel structure building. Two floor slabs sandwich a beam, and bolts pass through both floor slabs and the beam simultaneously to form a whole. In this invention, the floor slabs are sandwiched on the edges of the main beams and / or secondary beams, giving the main and secondary beams sufficient rigidity. More floor slabs sandwich the main or secondary beams in pairs to form the floor surface. In previous construction methods, floor slabs generally rested on the main or secondary beams, which did not contribute to the overall strength of the building. The floor slabs of this invention are made of all-steel plates, such as double-layered stainless steel core plates, whose strength and toughness are far greater than other flooring materials. Therefore, they can be used to enhance the overall strength of the building. Mechanically, the floor slabs in this invention not only significantly improve the overall strength of the building structure, but also act as stress-bearing nodes to distribute stress.

[0007] Furthermore, the steel structure floor slab, reliably connected to the beams via bolts, effectively resists tensile forces. In conventional prefabricated buildings, floor slabs are placed on top of beams, failing to form a unified structure and thus not contributing to beam strength. In contrast, the floor slab of this invention clamps tightly to the beams, making the floor slab an integral part of the beam. When the beams are subjected to clamping forces, the floor slab provides resistance; when the beams are subjected to tensile forces, these forces are transmitted to the floor slab through the bolts, and the floor slab also holds the beam tightly, sharing the tensile force; similarly, when the beams are subjected to shear forces, the floor slab disperses the stress.

[0008] Current high-rise buildings are all monolithic cast-in-place structures, where beams and floor slabs are cast as a single unit, increasing structural strength. However, because concrete floor slabs are rigid, while they effectively distribute external pressure, they offer little protection against tensile and shear forces, making them more prone to breakage. Therefore, the all-metal floor slab-enclosed beam structure of this invention is more resistant to external forces, such as wind pull, and also more resistant to vibrations, such as resonance or earthquakes, than monolithic cast-in-place structures.

[0009] Furthermore, the aforementioned columns and beams are fixed together with bolts. Using bolts to fix the columns and beams not only meets the building strength requirements but also helps regulate thermal expansion and contraction. This is a function that cannot be achieved in a monolithically cast-in-place structure.

[0010] Furthermore: When columns, beams, and floor slabs are adjacent, the tie rods pass through both floor slabs and beams simultaneously, forming a unified structure. These tie rods are large, high-strength tie rods that connect the entire floor slab into a single unit before being fixed to the support beams. The support beams, in turn, act like trusses, providing structural reinforcement from a three-dimensional perspective.

[0011] Furthermore, the beams include main beams, secondary beams, and support beams. The main beams are fixed to the columns, the secondary beams are fixed to the main beams, and the support beams are fixed to the secondary beams. Floor slabs are located on both sides of the secondary beams, and bolts are used to pass through both the secondary beams and the floor slabs on both sides, forming a sandwich structure. This high-strength whole structure makes the structure more stable.

[0012] Furthermore: the beams include main beams, secondary beams, and support beams, with the floor slab sandwiched between the sides of the main beams and secondary beams, forming a whole with higher strength.

[0013] Furthermore, there are patch plates with flanges on the edges of the columns and beams. The patch plates are used to enhance the local bearing capacity of the connection joints, and the flanges ensure a tight connection.

[0014] Furthermore, the floor slab has flanged edges with flanges on them. This enhances the floor slab's resistance to bending and facilitates the installation of connections via flanges.

[0015] Furthermore, the columns are connected vertically by flanges and bolted together to form a high-rise building, which is convenient and quick to install. Compared with the previous transportation of extra-long steel columns which was restricted by road width and height restrictions, the flange connection between the columns of this invention is more suitable for transportation.

[0016] Furthermore, the beams include main beams, secondary beams, and support beams, with openwork holes on the main and secondary beams. This facilitates pipeline passage, saves floor height, reduces structural weight, saves steel, and reduces the load on columns and foundations.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By optimizing the structural design of the connection nodes between beams, columns and floor slabs, the overall stiffness of the structure is significantly improved, the rigidity and force transmission efficiency of the node area are enhanced, the floor slab not only bears the vertical load, but also participates in stress dispersion as part of the structural force, thereby improving the overall strength of the building structure and avoiding the node damage caused by unstable welding quality in traditional connection methods.

[0018] 2. All components are bolted together, making construction convenient. All connections between columns, beams, and floor slabs are bolted, eliminating the need for on-site welding. This avoids the environmental requirements associated with welding operations, reduces the safety risks of high-altitude welding, and significantly increases construction speed and shortens the construction period.

[0019] 3. High degree of standardization and strong applicability. This combination method adopts a unified bolt connection mode. This solution can be applied to the floor system of steel structure buildings, or directly transferred to steel structure building systems, realizing the universalization of steel structure building construction.

[0020] 4. Facilitates the construction of high-rise steel structure buildings. The columns are connected by flanges, resulting in a stable structure. Compared to long steel structure columns, the columns of this invention are easier to transport, providing a reliable vertical connection solution for multi-story or high-rise fully bolted prefabricated steel structure buildings.

[0021] 5. The beams feature a perforated design that balances lightweight construction with functionality. The perforations effectively reduce the structure's self-weight while maintaining load-bearing capacity, and also provide passageways for water and electricity lines, saving steel and reducing the load on columns and foundations. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationships between the various components.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the secondary beam and the main beam.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the floor slab, secondary beams, and support beams.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the main beam, floor slab, columns, and cantilever slab.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a top-view sectional view of the column.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a steel structure building.

[0029] Attached diagram labels: 101-Main beam; 102-Secondary beam; 103-Support beam; 104-Floor slab; 105-Column; 106-Cantilever slab; 107-Top panel; 108-Infill core layer; 109-Bottom panel; 110-Flanged edge; 111-Perforated hole; 112-Secondary beam end plate; 113-Support beam end plate; 114-Bolt; 201-Patch plate; 202-Main beam end plate; 203-Main beam web; 204-End plate bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1The diagram illustrates a combination of columns, beams, and floor slabs in a steel structure building. This includes prefabricated steel main beams 101, secondary beams 102, support beams 103, floor slabs 104, and columns 105. Bolt holes are pre-machined at the corresponding connection positions of the main beams 101, secondary beams 102, support beams 103, floor slabs 104, and columns 105 according to design requirements. The floor slab 104 preferably uses a double-layer stainless steel core plate, with an upper panel 107 and a lower panel 109. The panel thickness is preferably 2mm, and a filling core layer 108 is provided between them. In this embodiment, the filling core layer is preferably an array of uniformly spaced hollow tubes. The hollow tubes preferably have an outer diameter of 51mm and a wall thickness of 0.4mm, with flanges at both ends. The inner surfaces of the upper and lower panels are brazed to the hollow tubes through these flanges. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 1 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the column 105 is a rectangular column structure, vertically fixed to the corresponding foundation connection component with bolts. A patch plate 201 with a flange face is fixedly installed on the edge of the column 105. Main beam end plates 202 are fixedly installed at both ends of the main beam 101, and the main beam web plate 203 is vertically installed along the centerline of the main beam end plate 202. A row of end plate bolt holes 204 parallel to the centerline are respectively opened on both sides of the centerline of the main beam end plate 202. The main beam 101 and the column 105 are securely connected by bolts passing through the end plate bolt holes 204 and connecting to the flange face of the patch plate 201. The two ends of the main beam 101 are connected to the adjacent columns 105 in the above manner, together forming the basic frame of the building.

[0033] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, when two floor slabs 104 (hereinafter referred to as the first floor slab and the second floor slab) on both sides of a beam (main beam 101 or secondary beam 102) are connected to the beam, such as Figure 2As shown, the edges of the upper panel 107 and the lower panel 109 of the first floor slab are bent vertically upwards or downwards to form integrally formed flanges 110. Flanges 110 have flange faces. Two rows of bolt holes are parallel to each other along the length of the upper part of the main beam 101 or secondary beam 102. These bolt holes are aligned with the flange holes on the flanges of the upper panel 107 and the lower panel 109, respectively. Bolts 114 pass through the flange faces of the upper and lower flanges 110 of the first floor slab, the upper and lower rows of bolt holes of the main beam 101 or secondary beam 102, and the flange faces of the upper and lower flanges 110 of the second floor slab, forming a double-layer fixing. This ensures that the ends of the two flanges 110 and the main beam 101 or secondary beam 102 are flush with each other. Thus, the floor slabs 104 on both sides, together with the main beam 101 or secondary beam 102 they hold, form a "sandwich" structure. The floor slabs 104 serve both as floor surfaces and participate in the overall structural stress distribution, thus dispersing stress and making the overall structure more stable. Meanwhile, the connection of the flange face 110 makes the entire floor form a continuous rigid plate in the horizontal direction. The gaps between the floor slabs 104 are covered by the flange, which plays a role in waterproofing and transferring horizontal shear force. At the same time, the flange 110 itself increases the bending stiffness of the edge of the floor slab 104, making the floor slab less prone to local deformation at the clamping connection.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a row of bolt holes is vertically formed along the width of the side of the main beam 101 for fixing the secondary beam 102. The secondary beam 102 has end plates 112 at both ends, each with end plate bolt holes. The secondary beam 102 is fixed perpendicular to the main beam 101 through these end plate bolt holes. The fixing method is as follows: when the main beam 101 is fixed to the secondary beam 102 only on one side, bolts are used; when the main beam 101 is simultaneously fixed to corresponding secondary beams 102 on both sides, bolts 114 are used to pass through both the main beam 101 and the end plates 112 on both sides for fixing, thus forming a floor support grid. Figure 1 As shown, a row of bolt holes is vertically arranged along the width direction on the main beam 101 or the secondary beam 102. A support beam 103 is fixed to at least one side of the main beam 101 or the secondary beam 102 by bolts 114. The support beam 103 is connected to the main beam 101 or the secondary beam 102 via a support beam end plate 113 at its end; the main beam 101 or the secondary beam 102 and the support beam 103 are perpendicular to each other. Furthermore, all support beams 103 are parallel to each other, all located below the floor slab 104, and their length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the floor slab 104. They are used to support the heavier load and larger span of the floor slab 104, and simultaneously distribute the tensile and compressive forces of the beams, acting similarly to a truss.

[0035] To further understand the beam and plate structure connected by bolts 114, for example: Figure 4Secondary beam 102 is positioned between two floor slabs 104 and fixed by bolts 114 passing through the upper and lower flanges 110 of the two floor slabs 104 and the bolt holes of the secondary beam 102. The flanges 110 and the ends of the secondary beam 102 are flush with the horizontal plane. Below the floor slabs 104, two support beams 103 are clamped to both sides of the secondary beam 102 using support beam end plates 113. A row of bolt holes is vertically arranged along the width of the secondary beam 102, and bolts 114 are spaced apart and pass through the two support beams 103 and the secondary beam 102 for fixation. The two support beams 103 are perpendicular to the secondary beam 102. Optionally, the bolts 114 are high-strength bolts. In the fixation of the secondary beam 102 by the two floor slabs 104, the nominal diameter of the bolts 114 used is 8mm (e.g., M8 bolts); in the fixation of the secondary beam 102 by the two support beams 103, the nominal diameter of the bolts 114 used is 12mm. (e.g., M12 bolts).

[0036] When the floor slabs 104 are connected to each other, they are directly connected by bolts through the flange faces of the upper and lower flanges 110 of the upper panel 107 and the lower panel 109, so that the entire floor is connected as one unit.

[0037] The upper and lower columns 105 are connected by flanges: the top and bottom of the upper and lower columns are equipped with the same flange. After aligning the flanges of the upper and lower columns, bolts are passed through the bolt holes on the flanges and tightened to realize the vertical connection of the columns, thus forming a high-rise building.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the webs of the main beam 101 and the secondary beam 102 are machined with evenly spaced perforated holes 111 to reduce the structural weight and facilitate pipeline passage. Preferably, the perforated holes 111 are regular hexagons. Compared to circles or squares, regular hexagons provide the highest compressive strength and planar stiffness while saving material. This is because a hexagon can evenly distribute the stress across its six sides, preventing stress concentration at any corner.

[0039] like Figure 7 A cantilever slab 106 is provided on the outermost side of the connection between the main beam 101 and each column 105. It has the same structure as the floor slab 104. One side of the cantilever slab 106 is also connected to the main beam 101 and the flange 110 of the floor slab 104 on the other side by bolts 114 through the flange 110, forming a "sandwich" structure, which can be used to increase the usable area of ​​the building.

[0040] In this manner, bolts 114 pass through both floor slabs and beams simultaneously, and columns 105 are also connected vertically via bolts 114, making the columns, beams, and floor slabs of the entire building a complete steel structure that shares the load. Floor slab 104 is no longer a simple enclosure component but becomes part of the structural load-bearing structure. For residential buildings, the wall thickness of columns 105, main beams 101, secondary beams 102, support beams 103, and floor slab 104 will be determined based on the required structural strength. For non-residential buildings with large live loads, such as data centers, parking lots, warehouses, and factories, the wall thickness of the above structures will be increased according to building codes.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that when the column 105, main beam 101, and floor slab 104 need to be connected at the same position, bolts 114 are used to pass through all three simultaneously to fix them together. Specifically, after aligning the flange holes on the side plate of the column 105, the flange holes at the top of the main beam 101, and the flange holes on the edge flange 110 of the floor slab 104, bolts 114 are used to sequentially pass through the corresponding flange holes of the floor slab 104, main beam 101, and column 105 to achieve an overall connection between the three, further enhancing the integrity and stability of the joint.

[0043] Example 3 This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that: Figure 1 At least one floor slab 104 is sandwiched between the sides of the corresponding secondary beams 102 on the side of the main beam 101, making it a monolithic structure with higher strength. By sandwiching and connecting the steel floor slab 104 between the main beam 101 and the secondary beams 102, the originally independent steel beam members and the floor slab 104 form a combined force-bearing system, significantly improving the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the steel structure. The floor slab 104 not only bears vertical loads as a horizontal load-bearing member, but also works with the main beam 101 and the secondary beams 102 to resist horizontal forces, effectively reducing the lateral deformation of the steel beam members and enhancing the overall stability and seismic performance of the steel structure.

[0044] In summary, this technical solution optimizes the connection structure design between the main beam 101, secondary beam 102, support beam 103, floor slab 104, and column 105, adopting a fully bolted assembly method. This allows the floor slab 104 to also participate in structural stress as part of the beam, thereby improving overall stiffness and strength. The fully bolted connection eliminates the need for on-site welding, reducing the safety risks of high-altitude operations and significantly improving construction efficiency and shortening the construction period. The unified and standardized connection mode has strong versatility and can be applied to steel structure buildings and other building systems. The segmented design of the column 105, with flange connections between the upper and lower sections, also facilitates disassembly, transportation, and installation, providing a reliable solution for high-rise buildings. The hollow hole design of the main beam 101 and secondary beam 102 balances lightweighting and functionality, reducing self-weight and providing passageways for pipelines, effectively saving steel and reducing foundation load.

[0045] It should be noted that the above dimensions are merely examples. Those skilled in the art can determine the specific values ​​according to the actual load conditions and conventional design methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any innovative improvements or substitutions based on the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, the parameters, materials, and processes mentioned in the above embodiments are not unique. Without departing from the technical essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various alternative choices, and these alternative solutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for combining columns, beams, and floor slabs in a steel structure building, characterized by: There are bolt holes on the columns and beams, and bolt holes on the edges of the floor slabs. Bolts are used to connect the columns, beams and floor slabs together to form a steel structure building. Two floor slabs sandwich a beam, and bolts are used to pass through the two floor slabs and the beam at the same time to form a whole.

2. The combination method of columns, beams and floor slabs of a steel structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column is fixed to the beam with bolts.

3. The combination method of columns, beams and floor slabs of a steel structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the columns, beams and floor slabs are close together, bolts are used to simultaneously pass through the columns, beams and floor slabs to fix them together to form a whole.

4. The combination method of columns, beams and floor slabs of a steel structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beams include main beams, secondary beams, and support beams. The main beams are fixed to the columns, the secondary beams are fixed to the main beams, and the support beams are fixed to the secondary beams. There are floor slabs on both sides of the secondary beams. The bolts pass through the secondary beams and the floor slabs on both sides to form a sandwich structure.

5. The combination method of columns, beams and floor slabs of a steel structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beams include main beams, secondary beams, and support beams. The floor slab is sandwiched between the sides of the main beams and secondary beams, forming a whole with higher strength.

6. The combination method of columns, beams and floor slabs of a steel structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are patch plates on the edges of the columns and beams, and flanges on the patch plates.

7. The combination method of columns, beams and floor slabs of a steel structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floor slab has a flanged edge, and there is a flange on the flange.

8. The combination method of columns, beams and floor slabs of a steel structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The columns are connected to each other via flanges to form a high-rise building.

9. The combination method of columns, beams and floor slabs of a steel structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam includes a main beam, a secondary beam, and a support beam, and the main beam and the secondary beam are provided with hollow holes.

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