Metallic backing based force flow closure system and composite system window employing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a force flow closed system based on a metal lining plate and a composite system window applying the system, the system is installed on a window frame and comprises a fiber reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion main body, a functional profile, a metal bearing lining plate and a fastener, the outer side of the fiber reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion main body is provided with a connecting part, the functional profile is connected to the connecting part and is clamped with the connecting part to form an anti-disengagement fit, the metal bearing lining plate is pre-buried in the inside of the fiber reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion main body, the fastener passes through the functional profile and the connecting part and is connected with the metal bearing lining plate, an avoiding gap is formed between an installation channel and the fastener, and there is a drainage cavity between the functional profile and the window frame. The force flow closed system based on the metal lining plate and the composite system window applying the same can solve the problems that the existing composite window profile has insufficient bearing capacity at a hardware installation position, the fastener is easy to damage the composite base material, the stability of the clamping connection of different materials is insufficient and the local heat bridge and the drainage sealing are difficult to be considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building door and window technology, and particularly to a force-flow closure system based on a metal backing and a composite system window using this system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of building energy efficiency standards, window and door systems not only need to meet requirements for wind pressure resistance, water tightness, air tightness, and mechanical strength, but also need to take into account low heat transfer coefficients, weather resistance, and long-term stability. Current mainstream window profiles mainly include thermally broken profiles, PVC profiles, and composite material profiles. Among them, thermally broken window profiles typically use a combination of inner and outer functional profiles and thermal break strips to form a thermally broken structure, resulting in high overall strength. However, point or linear thermal bridges are easily formed at hardware installation locations and local connection areas, and the load-bearing capacity of high-frequency opening and closing areas often relies on the local wall thickness of the functional profiles. Although PVC profiles have good thermal insulation performance, their main rigidity, dimensional stability, and weather resistance are limited, usually requiring the addition of steel reinforcement, which introduces new thermal bridge paths. Composite profiles are generally glass fiber reinforced polyurethane pultruded profiles, which have good thermal insulation performance, high specific strength, and good dimensional stability, making them an important direction for high-performance energy-saving window profiles. However, existing composite window profiles still have shortcomings in hardware installation and local high-stress connection areas. If screws are directly screwed into the composite substrate, they can easily cut or damage the reinforcing fibers and resin matrix, leading to decreased connection strength, increased long-term creep, cracking or loosening of connection holes.

[0003] Furthermore, most existing solutions that combine functional profiles and composite profiles only address the issues of covering or decorative assembly, without addressing the force transmission issues in the hardware installation area, locking point area, hinge area, and mullion docking area from the perspective of system load-bearing path. Moreover, the thermal expansion coefficients of dissimilar materials differ significantly, and without reasonable snap-fit, limiting, buffering, secondary locking, and drainage designs, abnormal noises, interface loosening, sealing failure, water leakage, or structural deformation may occur after long-term hot and cold cycles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a force-flow closure system based on a metal backing plate and a composite window system using this system. This system can solve the problems of insufficient load-bearing capacity of existing composite window profiles in hardware installation areas, easy damage to the composite substrate by fasteners, insufficient stability of dissimilar material snap-fit ​​connections, and difficulty in simultaneously addressing local thermal bridging and drainage sealing.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a force flow closure system based on a metal backing plate is provided, installed on the window frame of a composite system window, comprising: At least one fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body, wherein the outer side of the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body is provided with a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is provided with a locking groove, a return hook and an installation channel; At least one functional profile is connected to the connecting part, wherein the functional profile is provided with a hook, the hook can move into the locking groove to form an initial locking position, and engage with the return hook to form an anti-disengagement cooperation; At least one metal bearing liner is embedded inside the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body; At least one fastener passes through the functional profile and the mounting channel and is connected to the metal bearing liner, and a clearance gap is formed between the mounting channel and the fastener, which enables the connection load from the functional profile and / or the hardware mounting point to be transferred through the fastener to the metal bearing liner and then back to the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body to form a closed force flow path. The functional profile and the window frame are provided with a drainage cavity, and the drainage cavity, the pre-embedded installation area of ​​the metal bearing liner and the installation channel are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0006] In some embodiments, the connecting part is provided with a guide surface and a limiting shoulder. The hook can be moved into the locking groove under the guidance of the guide surface, so that the guide surface can guide the hook to move and complete the assembly termination positioning at the limiting shoulder.

[0007] In some embodiments, the connecting portion is provided with local reinforcing ribs that abut against or are close to the metal bearing liner, and the local reinforcing ribs can play a role in bearing pressure support and stress diffusion.

[0008] In some embodiments, when there are multiple fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies, the gaps between adjacent fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies, as well as between the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies and the window frame, are filled with sealant, and a water-retaining step is formed at at least one connection point. The sealant and the water-retaining step effectively prevent rainwater from seeping in along the gaps.

[0009] In some embodiments, the functional profile is provided with a sealing groove, in which an elastic sealing strip is installed. The elastic sealing strip and the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body form an equal pressure cavity to improve the airtightness and watertightness between the aluminum profile and adjacent components.

[0010] In some embodiments, the outer end of the functional profile extends into a bent support portion, and the drainage cavity is located between the support portion and the window frame. The support portion can further define the structural form of the aluminum profile and meet the needs of support or assembly.

[0011] In some embodiments, a metal bearing liner is also embedded in the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion body. The outer surface of the metal bearing liner and the outer corners of each corner of the metal bearing liner are provided with mechanical interlocking structures that form a mechanical interlock with the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion body. Thus, the metal bearing liner and the metal bearing liner can form a stable mechanical interlocking relationship with the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion body during the molding process through the mechanical interlocking structures.

[0012] In some embodiments, a backflow baffle is provided at the end of the window frame to prevent rainwater from flowing back.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present invention, a composite system window is provided, which is installed on a wall on all four sides. The composite system window includes a plurality of the above-mentioned force flow closure systems and a plurality of window frames. The fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body of each force flow closure system is respectively connected to one or both sides of each of the window frames and cooperates with functional profiles to form a load-bearing connection, assembly locking and drainage sealing structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, energy-saving sub-frames are provided in the walls on each side, and the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies located on the outermost side of each side are respectively fixed on the energy-saving sub-frames, thereby meeting the needs of the actual installation of the composite system window. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a force flow closed system based on a metal liner according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of a force flow closed system based on a metal liner. Figure 3 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the connecting part; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the functional profile shown. Figure 5 For application Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a composite system window based on a force flow closure system with a metal backing plate.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded main body; 2. Functional profile; 3. Metal load-bearing liner; 4. Fastener; 5. Window frame; 6. Wall; 7. Energy-saving sub-frame; 11. Connecting part; 12. Locking groove; 13. Back hook; 14. Installation channel; 15. Clearance; 16. Guide surface; 17. Limiting shoulder; 18. Sealant; 19. Water-blocking step; 110. Pressure equalization chamber; 111. Local reinforcing rib; 21. Drainage chamber; 22. Hook; 23. Sealing groove; 24. Elastic sealing strip; 25. Support part; 31. Metal load-bearing liner; 32. Mechanical interlocking structure; 51. Backflow baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a force flow closure system based on a metal backing plate in this invention is used to install on the window frame 5 of a composite system window. It mainly includes at least one fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1 and at least one functional profile 2, a metal load-bearing backing plate 3 and fasteners 4 of the same number (two are used as examples in the accompanying drawings of this embodiment to show its double-sided composite assembly implementation). The multiple fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies 1 are generally interconnected, and are not limited to fixed connection, movable connection, or relative rotation connection.

[0019] Preferably, the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion body 1 is a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion part, the resin matrix of which is polyurethane, epoxy resin or other resins suitable for pultrusion molding, and the reinforcing materials mainly include glass fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber and / or their hybrid fibers, etc., and the outer surface layer, inner surface layer or core area can be provided with felt, cloth or fabric reinforcement layers in all or part of it to reserve protective space for subsequent hybrid fibers and multi-resin systems.

[0020] Functional profile 2 is preferably made of aluminum alloy and can be used as an outdoor weather-resistant outer cladding, decorative molding, guide rail, edge guard, or partial support, etc.

[0021] Preferably, when there are multiple fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies 1, the gaps between adjacent fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies 1 and between the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies 1 and the window frame 5 are filled with sealant 18. More preferably, a water-blocking step 19 can be formed at at least one of the above-mentioned joints, so that the sealant 18 and the water-blocking step 19 can effectively prevent rainwater from seeping in along the gaps.

[0022] In addition, the end of the window frame 5 extends into the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1, and a backflow baffle 51 is provided therein, which can block the backflow of rainwater.

[0023] The outer side of the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1 is provided with a connecting part 11, which has a protruding limiting shoulder 17, a smooth guide surface 16, a recessed locking groove 12, and a hook 13 (or a back hook).

[0024] Preferably, a buffer / sealing structure is provided on the side of the limiting shoulder 17, which can be used to buffer the end of the functional profile 2 during assembly.

[0025] When assembling the functional profile 2, it is first moved along a predetermined direction under the guidance of the guide surface 16, so that the hook 22 moves into the locking groove 12 to form an initial snap-fit ​​positioning, and the assembly termination positioning is completed at the limiting shoulder 17. At the same time, the hook 22 is snapped into the return hook 13 to form an anti-disengagement fit, and then the fastener 4 is installed to further lock and fix it.

[0026] The functional profile 2 is connected to the connecting part 11. The functional profile 2 is provided with a hook 22. When the functional profile 2 is installed on the connecting part 11, the hook 22 can be located in the locking groove 12 and engaged with the return hook 13 to form a guiding engagement and anti-detachment cooperation.

[0027] Preferably, a sealing groove 23 is provided on the functional profile 2, and an elastic sealing strip 24 can be installed in the sealing groove 23. The elastic sealing strip 24 and the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1 form an equal pressure cavity 110, which can improve the air tightness and water tightness performance between the functional profile 2 and adjacent components.

[0028] A metal bearing liner 3 is embedded in the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1. An installation channel 14 is provided on the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1. Fasteners 4 pass sequentially through the functional profile 2 and the installation channel 14 before connecting to the metal bearing liner 3, ensuring that high-stress connection loads are preferentially borne by the metal bearing liner 3. The aperture or channel size of the installation channel 14 is larger than the outer diameter of the fastener 4, thus creating a clearance gap 15 between the installation channel 14 and the fastener 4 to reduce the cutting and extrusion of the composite material and reinforcing fibers by the fastener 4.

[0029] The connection load from the functional profile 2 and / or the hardware mounting point can be transmitted to the metal bearing liner 3 via the fastener 4, and then back to the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1 to form a closed force flow path.

[0030] Preferably, in the area where the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1 is connected to the metal bearing liner 3 and the stress is relatively large, a local reinforcing rib 111 can be provided. The local reinforcing rib 111 can abut against or be close to the metal bearing liner 3 to play a role in bearing pressure support and stress diffusion.

[0031] The outer end of the functional profile 2 extends into a bent support 25, making it L-shaped. A drainage cavity 21 is provided between the support 25 and the window frame 5. The drainage cavity 21, the pre-embedded installation area of ​​the metal bearing liner 3, and the installation channel 14 are staggered, that is, they are not arranged in a straight line, which can effectively reduce the risk of rainwater seeping in along the connection path.

[0032] Fastener 4 can be a screw, pressure plate, locking plate, rivet or concealed connector, etc., and in this embodiment, a screw is preferred.

[0033] Preferably, a mechanical interlocking structure 32 is provided on the outer surface of the metal bearing liner 3 to contact the connecting part 11, so that a stable mechanical interlocking relationship can be formed between the fiber reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion body 1 and the connecting part 11 during the molding process.

[0034] Preferably, a metal bearing liner 31 is also embedded in the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion body 1. The metal bearing liner 31 is a closed frame, and mechanical interlocking structures 32 are also provided on the outer side of each corner, which can also form a stable mechanical interlocking relationship with it during the molding process of the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultrusion body 1.

[0035] More preferably, the metal bearing liner 3 and the metal bearing frame can be pre-embedded in the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1 by suitable means such as pultrusion molding, post-composite embedding, or positioning and holding.

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment, the mechanical interlocking structure 32 is preferably a knurled structure, but it can also be in the form of teeth, grooves (such as dovetail grooves) or ribs as needed.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, the composite system window is installed on the wall 6 on all four sides, and the composite system window has multiple window frames 5. When multiple of the above-mentioned force flow closure systems are installed on the composite system window, each fiber reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body 1 is connected to one or both sides of each window frame 5, and cooperates with the functional profile 2 to form a load-bearing connection, assembly locking and drainage sealing structure, thereby achieving stable installation, fixation and waterproofing of the entire composite system window.

[0038] Furthermore, considering the actual installation situation, the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies 1 located on the outermost sides of the composite system window can be directly connected to the walls 6 on each side instead of the window frame 5. In this case, energy-saving sub-frames 7 can be set in the walls on each side, and the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies 1 on the outermost sides of each side can be fixedly connected to the energy-saving sub-frames 7 respectively. The fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies 1 can be configured to not be connected to the functional profiles 2, depending on the situation.

[0039] In summary, the force-flow closure system based on a metal backing plate and the composite system window using this system of the present invention mainly have the following beneficial effects: (1) By setting up a pre-embedded metal bearing plate 3 in the high stress area, the main load of the hardware or functional profile 2 is preferentially borne by the metal bearing plate 3, which can improve the pull-out resistance, shear resistance and fatigue resistance of the connection point; (2) By setting clearance 15 in the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded profile body, the direct cutting and extrusion of the fastener 4 on the composite body and its reinforcing fibers is reduced, which is beneficial to improving long-term durability. (3) By setting up a mechanical interlocking structure 32, a local reinforcing rib 111 and a snap-fit ​​positioning and secondary locking structure for the functional profile 2, the reliability and long-term stability of the assembly interface between the functional profile, the composite body and the metal bearing liner can be improved. (4) By staggering or isolating the drainage cavity 21 from the liner installation area and the fastener 4 path, the risk of rainwater seeping in along the connection path can be effectively reduced, and the connection strength, water tightness and durability can be taken into account.

[0040] The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A force flow closure system based on a metal backing plate, installed on the window frame (5) of a composite system window, characterized in that: include At least one fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body (1), the outer side of the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body (1) is provided with a connecting part (11), the connecting part (11) is provided with a locking groove (12), a hook (13) and an installation channel (14). At least one functional profile (2) is connected to the connecting part (11), wherein the functional profile (2) is provided with a hook (22), the hook (22) can move into the locking groove (12) to form an initial snap-fit ​​positioning, and snap-fit ​​with the return hook (13) to form an anti-disengagement engagement; At least one metal bearing liner (3) is embedded inside the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body (1); At least one fastener (4) passes through the functional profile (2), the mounting channel (14), and is connected to the metal bearing liner (3), and a clearance gap (15) is formed between the mounting channel (14) and the fastener (4), which enables the connection load from the functional profile (2) and / or the hardware mounting point to be transmitted through the fastener (4) to the metal bearing liner (3), and then back to the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body (1) to form a closed force flow path; Among them, a drainage cavity (21) is provided between the functional profile (2) and the window frame (5), and the drainage cavity (21), the pre-embedded installation area of ​​the metal bearing liner (3), and the installation channel (14) are arranged in a staggered manner.

2. The force flow closed system based on a metal liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting part (11) is provided with a guide surface (16) and a limiting shoulder (17), and the hook (22) can move into the locking groove (12) under the guidance of the guide surface (16).

3. The force flow closed system based on a metal liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are multiple fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies (1), the gaps between adjacent fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies (1) and between the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded bodies (1) and the window frame (5) are filled with sealant (18), and a water-blocking step (19) is formed at at least one connection.

4. The force flow closed system based on a metal liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional profile (2) is provided with a sealing groove (23), and an elastic sealing strip (24) is installed in the sealing groove (23). An equal pressure cavity (110) is formed between the elastic sealing strip (24) and the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body (1).

5. A closed-loop force flow system based on a metal liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the functional profile (2) extends into a bent support (25), and the drainage cavity (21) is located between the support (25) and the window frame (5).

6. A closed-loop force flow system based on a metal liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A local reinforcing rib (111) is provided between the connecting part (11) and the metal bearing liner.

7. A closed-loop force flow system based on a metal liner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body (1) also has a metal bearing liner (31) embedded in it. The outer surface of the metal bearing liner (3) and the outer sides of each corner of the metal bearing liner (31) are provided with a mechanical interlocking structure (32) that forms a mechanical interlock with the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body (1).

8. A closed-loop force flow system based on a metal liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A return flow baffle (51) is provided at the end of the window frame (5).

9. A composite material system window, which is installed on all four sides of a wall (6), characterized in that: It includes a plurality of force flow closure systems as described in any one of claims 1-8 and a plurality of window frames (5), wherein the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body (1) of each force flow closure system is respectively disposed on one or both sides of each window frame (5), and cooperates with the functional profile (2) to form a load-bearing connection, assembly locking and drainage sealing structure.

10. A composite material system window according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each side of the wall (6) is provided with an energy-saving sub-frame (7), and each fiber-reinforced resin-based composite pultruded body (1) located on the outermost side of each side is fixed on the energy-saving sub-frame (7).

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