Hydraulic directional control device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of oil drilling, and particularly relates to a hydraulic directional control device, which aims to solve the technical problem that the output torque of a top drive power head cannot overcome the counter-torque when the rotation speed is low, so that the screw drill is reversed in the prior art. The hydraulic directional control device comprises a drilling core shaft, a drilling shell and a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism is sleeved on the drilling core shaft and inserted into the drilling shell. The switching mechanism can switch the drilling shell and the drilling core shaft between a locked state and a separated state under the drive of fluid. In the locked state, the drilling shell and the drilling core shaft are connected in power through the transmission of the clamping part. When the output torque of the top drive power head cannot overcome the counter-torque, the switching mechanism locks the drilling shell and the drilling core shaft together to make the screw drill enter the composite drilling state, so that the reverse rotation of the drilling shell is avoided. The technical problem that the output torque of the top drive power head cannot overcome the counter-torque when the rotation speed is low, so that the screw drill is reversed, is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil drilling technology, and more particularly to a hydraulic directional control device. Background Technology

[0002] The operation of downhole rotary directional drilling tools involves two modes: directional drilling and combined drilling. Existing downhole hydraulic rotary directional drilling tools switch between these two modes by controlling the top drive speed to adjust the torque generated by the motor assembly. If the output torque at the hydraulic directional drilling tool is greater than the counter-torque, the tool is in the "engaged" state, and the drill string performs combined drilling to break rock. If the output torque equals the counter-torque, it is in the "disengaged" state, and the drill string performs directional drilling to break rock. However, when the top drive speed is low, the hydraulic directional drilling tool cannot generate sufficient output torque to overcome the counter-torque, resulting in an output torque less than the counter-torque. This causes the screw drill string to reverse, entering an abnormal operating state. This necessitates restarting the drilling operation, affecting the effectiveness and accuracy of directional drilling.

[0003] Existing downhole hydraulic rotary directional tools have a technical problem: when the top drive head rotates at a low speed, it cannot generate enough output torque to overcome the counter-torque, thus causing the screw drill to reverse. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic orientation control device to solve the technical problem in related technologies where the top drive head cannot generate sufficient output torque to overcome the counter-torque when the rotation speed is low, thus causing the screw drill to reverse.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The hydraulic orientation control device provided by the present invention includes:

[0007] The system includes a drilling mandrel, a drilling housing, and a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism is fitted onto the drilling mandrel and inserted into the drilling housing. The switching mechanism allows the drilling housing and the drilling mandrel to switch between a locked state and a disengaged state under fluid drive. In the locked state, the drilling mandrel drives the drilling housing to rotate.

[0008] Specifically, the drilling mandrel includes a first power shaft, which has a first engaging portion. The switching mechanism includes an engaging sleeve sleeved on the first power shaft and inserted into the drilling housing, the engaging sleeve having a second engaging portion. The engaging sleeve can slide along the axial direction of the drilling housing to switch the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion between engagement and disengagement, thereby switching the drilling housing and the drilling mandrel between a locked state and a disengaged state.

[0009] Specifically, the engaging sleeve is further provided with a flat square, and the drilling housing is provided with a flat square groove. The flat square engages with the flat square groove, so that the engaging sleeve drives the drilling housing to rotate.

[0010] Specifically, the sum of the engagement lengths of the first and second engaging portions and the length of the flat section is less than the length of the flat section groove. In both the locked and disengaged states, the flat section is always engaged with the flat section groove.

[0011] Specifically, the drilling housing includes a drive shaft housing, to which the first power shaft is rotatably connected. The switching mechanism also includes a return spring for applying a thrust to the engaging sleeve to engage the engaging sleeve with the first power shaft.

[0012] Specifically, the first power shaft includes a drive shaft and a water cap that abut against each other in sequence. The engaging sleeve is fitted onto the water cap, and the water cap is provided with the first engaging portion.

[0013] Specifically, the drive shaft has a pump pressure channel, and the water cap has a branch flow channel, with the pump pressure channel communicating with the branch flow channel. Fluid sequentially passes through the pump pressure channel and the branch flow channel into the annular space between the water cap and the universal joint housing, thereby applying a thrust to the locking sleeve to overcome the elastic force of the return spring and to separate the first locking part and the second locking part.

[0014] Specifically, the drilling housing further includes a universal joint housing, on which the flat square groove is provided. The drilling mandrel also includes a universal joint coupling, which is inserted into the universal joint housing. The universal joint coupling is connected to the water cap to transmit power.

[0015] Specifically, it also includes a motor assembly, which comprises a stator and a rotor, with the rotor inserted into the stator. The stator is mounted on the universal joint housing. One end of the universal joint is connected to the water cap, and the other end is connected to the rotor, for transmitting torque to the rotor. The first power shaft drives the rotor to rotate via the universal joint, which in turn drives the stator to rotate, thereby driving the drilling housing to rotate.

[0016] Specifically, it also includes a rotating accessory, which comprises a first TC bearing assembly, a pressure sleeve, a tandem bearing, and a second TC bearing assembly that abut against each other in sequence. The first TC bearing assembly, the pressure sleeve, the tandem bearing, and the second TC bearing assembly are all sleeved on the first power shaft and inserted into the transmission shaft housing, facilitating relative rotation between the first power shaft and the transmission shaft housing.

[0017] Based on the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are analyzed as follows:

[0018] This invention provides a hydraulic orientation control device, comprising:

[0019] The system includes a drilling mandrel, a drilling housing, and a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism is fitted onto the drilling mandrel and inserted into the drilling housing. The switching mechanism allows the drilling housing and the drilling mandrel to switch between a locked state and a disengaged state under fluid drive. In the locked state, the drilling mandrel drives the drilling housing to rotate.

[0020] In practical applications, the drilling mandrel is connected to the top drive force. The pressure of the fluid pumped into the ground drives the switching mechanism to keep the drilling housing and the drilling mandrel in a separated state. When the top drive speed cannot generate sufficient output torque to overcome the counter-torque, the fluid drives the switching mechanism to switch the drilling housing and the drilling mandrel from the separated state to the locked state. At this time, the drilling housing and the drilling mandrel are rigidly connected through the engaging part, preventing the drilling housing from entering the reverse state. At this time, the screw drill enters a combined drilling state.

[0021] As can be seen, compared with existing technologies, this hydraulic directional control device, through an independently configured pump-driven switching mechanism, locks the drilling housing and the drilling mandrel together when the top drive speed cannot generate sufficient output torque to overcome the counter-torque, thereby putting the screw drill into a combined drilling state and preventing the drilling housing from reversing. This overcomes the technical problem of existing downhole hydraulic rotary directional tools where the top drive head cannot generate sufficient output torque to overcome the counter-torque at low speeds, thus causing the screw drill to reverse. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the drilling mandrel and drilling housing in the locked state provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the drilling mandrel and drilling housing in the separated state;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural schematic diagram of the housing of the first power shaft and transmission shaft;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural schematic diagram of the housing of the first power shaft and transmission shaft;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of the water cap;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure in the diagram;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​sleeve structure;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the universal joint and the universal joint housing.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the motor assembly.

[0032] icon:

[0033] 100. Drilling mandrel; 110. First power shaft; 111. Transmission shaft; 102. Pump pressure channel; 112. Water cap; 101. First engagement part; 103. Branch flow channel; 120. Universal joint; 121. Hinged joint; 122. Ball joint; 123. Connecting rod;

[0034] 200. Drill housing; 210. Drive shaft housing; 220. Universal joint housing; 201. Flat square groove;

[0035] 300. Switching mechanism; 310. Engaging sleeve; 311. Second engaging part; 312. Flat square; 320. Return spring;

[0036] 400. Motor assembly; 410. Stator; 420. Rotor; 430. Lower connector;

[0037] 500. Rotating accessory; 510. First TC bearing assembly; 511. Upper TC moving sleeve; 512. Upper TC stationary sleeve; 520. Pressure sleeve; 530. String bearing; 540. Second TC bearing assembly; 541. Lower TC stationary sleeve; 542. Lower TC moving sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0040] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0041] Existing downhole hydraulic rotary directional tools have a technical problem: when the top drive head rotates at a low speed, it cannot generate enough output torque to overcome the counter-torque, thus causing the screw drill to reverse.

[0042] In view of this, the present invention provides a hydraulic orientation control device, comprising:

[0043] The system comprises a drilling mandrel 100, a drilling housing 200, and a switching mechanism 300. The switching mechanism 300 is fitted onto the drilling mandrel 100 and inserted into the drilling housing 200. The switching mechanism 300, under fluid-driven conditions, switches the drilling housing 200 and the drilling mandrel 100 between a locked state and a disengaged state. In the locked state, the drilling mandrel 100 drives the drilling housing 200 to rotate.

[0044] In summary, the hydraulic orientation control device provided by this invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0045] This hydraulic directional control device, through an independently configured pump-driven switching mechanism 300, locks the drilling housing 200 and the drilling mandrel 100 together when the top drive speed is insufficient to generate an output torque sufficient to overcome the counter-torque. This allows the screw drill to enter a combined drilling state, preventing the drilling housing 200 from reversing. This overcomes the technical problem of existing downhole hydraulic rotary directional tools where the top drive head cannot generate sufficient output torque to overcome the counter-torque at low speeds, thus causing the screw drill to reverse.

[0046] The following combination Figures 1 to 9 The structure and shape of the hydraulic orientation control device provided in this embodiment will be described in detail:

[0047] Regarding the structural composition of the drilling mandrel 100, specifically:

[0048] The drilling mandrel 100 includes a first power shaft 110, which has a first engaging portion 101. The switching mechanism 300 includes an engaging sleeve 310 sleeved on the first power shaft 110 and inserted into the drilling housing 200, which has a second engaging portion 311. The engaging sleeve 310 can slide along the axial direction of the drilling housing 200 to switch the first engaging portion 101 and the second engaging portion 311 between engagement and disengagement, thereby switching the drilling housing 200 and the drilling mandrel 100 between a locked state and a disengaged state. In the locked state, the first engaging portion 101 and the second engaging portion 311 are engaged, the first power shaft 110 is poweredly connected to the drilling housing 200 through the engaging sleeve 310, and the screw drill enters a combined drilling state. In the disengaged state, the first engaging portion 101 and the second engaging portion 311 are disengaged, and the screw drill enters a directional drilling state. The first engaging part 101 and the second engaging part 311 can be configured as a spline.

[0049] Regarding how the 310 card slot drives the drill into the outer casing 200, specifically:

[0050] The engaging sleeve 310 is also provided with a flat square 312. The drilling housing 200 is provided with a flat square groove 201, and the flat square 312 is engaged and slidably connected to the flat square groove 201. The engaging sleeve 310 can slide along the axial direction of the drilling housing 200 to drive the first engaging part 101 and the second engaging part 311 to switch between engagement and disengagement. The drilling housing 200 and the drilling mandrel 100 achieve power transmission sequentially through the engagement of the first engaging part 101 and the second engaging part 311 and the engagement of the flat square 312 with the flat square groove 201.

[0051] Specifically, the sum of the engagement lengths of the first engaging portion 101 and the second engaging portion 311 and the length of the flat strip 312 is less than the length of the flat strip groove 201. In both the locked and disengaged states, the flat strip 312 is always engaged with the flat strip groove 201.

[0052] Regarding how the locking sleeve 310 engages the second locking part 311 with the first locking part 101, specifically:

[0053] The drilling housing 200 includes a drive shaft housing 210, to which the first power shaft 110 is rotatably connected. The switching mechanism 300 also includes a return spring 320, with its two ends abutting against the engaging sleeve 310 and the drive shaft housing 210, respectively, and sleeved on the first power shaft 110. The elastic force of the return spring 320 is used to apply a pushing force to the engaging sleeve 310 to engage it with the first power shaft 110.

[0054] Regarding the structural composition of the first power shaft 110, specifically:

[0055] The first power shaft 110 includes a drive shaft 111 and a water cap 112 that abut against each other in sequence. A locking sleeve 310 is sleeved on the water cap 112, and a first locking part 101 is disposed on the outer periphery of the water cap 112. The engagement of the first locking part 101 and the second locking part 311 is used to transmit torque to the locking sleeve 310.

[0056] Specifically, regarding how the fluid drives the switching mechanism 300 to switch states:

[0057] The drive shaft 111 has a pump pressure channel 102, and the water cap 112 has a branch flow channel 103, which communicates with each other. Fluid flows sequentially through the pump pressure channel 102 and the branch flow channel 103 into the annular space between the water cap 112 and the universal joint housing 220, thereby applying a thrust to the engaging sleeve 310 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 320 and to separate the first engaging part 101 and the second engaging part 311. When the fluid pressure decreases, the thrust applied by the branch flow to the engaging sleeve 310 is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 320, and the first engaging part 101 engages with the second engaging part 311, switching the screw drill from directional drilling to composite drilling. Multiple flow channels 103 are evenly distributed around the axis of the water cap 112.

[0058] In this embodiment, the drilling housing 200 further includes a universal joint housing 220, on which a flat square groove 201 is provided. The drilling mandrel 100 further includes a universal joint coupling 120, which is inserted into the universal joint housing 220. The universal joint coupling 120 is connected to the water cap 112 to transmit power. The universal joint coupling 120 includes a hinge 121, a ball head 122, and a connecting rod 123. Two ball heads 122 are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting rod 123, and two hinges 121 are rotatably connected to one ball head 122 respectively. The hinge axes of the two hinges 121 and the two ball heads 122 are perpendicular to each other.

[0059] In this embodiment, the hydraulic orientation control device further includes a motor assembly 400, which includes a stator 410, a rotor 420, and a lower connector 430. The rotor 420 is inserted into the stator 410. The stator 410 is mounted on the universal joint housing 220. One end of the universal joint 120 is connected to the water cap 112, and the other end is connected to the rotor 420, for transmitting torque to the rotor 420. The first power shaft 110 drives the rotor 420 to rotate through the universal joint 120, thereby driving the stator 410 to rotate, and in turn driving the drilling housing 200 to rotate.

[0060] In this embodiment, the hydraulic orientation control device further includes a rotating attachment 500, which comprises a first TC bearing assembly 510, a pressure sleeve 520, a tandem bearing 530, and a second TC bearing assembly 540 that abut against each other in sequence. The first TC bearing assembly 510, the pressure sleeve 520, the tandem bearing 530, and the second TC bearing assembly 540 are all sleeved on the first power shaft 110 and inserted into the transmission shaft housing 210, facilitating relative rotation between the first power shaft 110 and the transmission shaft housing 210. The first TC bearing assembly 510 includes an upper TC moving sleeve 511 and an upper TC stationary sleeve 512. The second TC bearing assembly 540 includes a lower TC moving sleeve 542 and a lower TC stationary sleeve 541. The upper TC stationary sleeve 512 and the lower TC stationary sleeve 541 are respectively inserted into both ends of the transmission shaft housing 210, and the upper TC moving sleeve 511 and the lower TC moving sleeve 542 are both sleeved on the first power shaft 110 and rotatably connected to the upper TC stationary sleeve 512 and the lower TC stationary sleeve 541, respectively. Among them, the mating surfaces of the upper TC stationary sleeve 512, the upper TC moving sleeve 511, the lower TC stationary sleeve 541, and the lower TC moving sleeve 542 are all sintered with hard alloy.

[0061] In summary, the specific working process of the hydraulic orientation control device provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0062] The rotor 420 is connected to the top driving force in sequence through the universal joint 120 and the first power shaft 110. The stator 410 is connected to the drilling housing 200. The fluid pumped into the ground is divided by the water cap 112 and the resulting branch flow applies a thrust to the locking sleeve 310 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 320, so that the first locking part 101 and the second locking part 311 are kept in a separated state.

[0063] At this point, the working state of the screw drill is entirely controlled by the top drive speed. The output torque generated by the rotor 420 rotating within the stator 410 counteracts the reverse torque of the rock formation acting on the stator 410. When the output torque is greater than the reverse torque, both the stator 410 and the rotor 420 rotate in the forward direction simultaneously, and the screw drill performs combined drilling to break the rock. When the output torque equals the reverse torque, the stator 410 does not rotate, while the rotor 420 rotates in the forward direction, and the screw drill performs directional drilling to break the rock.

[0064] When the top drive speed is low, resulting in an output torque less than the counter-torque, the rotor 420 rotates in the forward direction, while the stator 410 rotates in the reverse direction. The fluid pressure is reduced so that the thrust exerted by the branch flow on the engaging sleeve 310 is less than the elastic force of the return spring 320. Under the elastic force of the return spring 320, the engaging sleeve 310 engages the second engaging part 311 with the first engaging part 101, thereby locking the drilling housing 200 and the drilling mandrel 100 together, thus establishing a rigid connection between the stator 410 and the rotor 420. At this time, the stator 410 and rotor 420 rotate synchronously in the forward direction, preventing the stator 410 from rotating in the reverse direction, and the screw drill enters a combined drilling state.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic orientation control device, characterized in that, include: The drilling mandrel (100), drilling housing (200), and switching mechanism (300) are provided. The switching mechanism (300) is fitted onto the drilling mandrel (100) and inserted into the drilling housing (200). The switching mechanism (300) can switch the drilling housing (200) and the drilling mandrel (100) between a locked state and a separated state under fluid drive. In the locked state, the drilling mandrel (100) drives the drilling housing (200) to rotate.

2. The hydraulic orientation control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling mandrel (100) includes a first power shaft (110), which is provided with a first engaging portion (101); the switching mechanism (300) includes an engaging sleeve (310) sleeved on the first power shaft (110) and inserted into the drilling housing (200), which is provided with a second engaging portion (311); the engaging sleeve (310) can slide along the axial direction of the drilling housing (200) to drive the first engaging portion (101) and the second engaging portion (311) to switch between engagement and disengagement, thereby switching the drilling housing (200) and the drilling mandrel (100) between a locked state and a separated state.

3. The hydraulic orientation control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The engaging sleeve (310) is also provided with a flat square (312), and the drilling housing (200) is provided with a flat square groove (201); the flat square (312) engages with the flat square groove (201) so that the engaging sleeve (310) drives the drilling housing (200) to rotate.

4. The hydraulic orientation control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sum of the engagement length of the first engaging part (101) and the second engaging part (311) and the length of the flat bar (312) is less than the length of the flat bar groove (201); in the locked state and the disengaged state, the flat bar (312) is always engaged with the flat bar groove (201).

5. The hydraulic orientation control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drilling housing (200) includes a drive shaft housing (210), and the first power shaft (110) is rotatably connected to the drive shaft housing (210); the switching mechanism (300) further includes a return spring (320) for applying a thrust to the engaging sleeve (310) to engage the engaging sleeve (310) with the first power shaft (110).

6. The hydraulic orientation control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first power shaft (110) includes a transmission shaft (111) and a water cap (112) that abut against each other in sequence; the locking sleeve (310) is sleeved on the water cap (112), and the water cap (112) is provided with the first locking part (101).

7. The hydraulic orientation control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive shaft (111) has a pump pressure channel (102), and the water cap (112) has a branch flow channel (103). The pump pressure channel (102) and the branch flow channel (103) are connected. The fluid passes through the pump pressure channel (102) and the branch flow channel (103) in sequence and enters the annular space between the water cap (112) and the universal joint housing (220), thereby applying a thrust to the locking sleeve (310) to overcome the elastic force of the return spring (320) and to separate the first locking part (101) and the second locking part (311).

8. The hydraulic orientation control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drilling housing (200) also includes a universal joint housing (220), on which the flat square groove (201) is provided; the drilling mandrel (100) also includes a cross universal coupling (120), which is inserted into the universal joint housing (220); the cross universal coupling (120) is connected to the water cap (112) to transmit power.

9. The hydraulic orientation control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a motor assembly (400), which includes a stator (410) and a rotor (420), the rotor (420) being inserted into the stator (410); the stator (410) being mounted on the universal joint housing (220); one end of the universal joint (120) being connected to the water cap (112) and the other end being connected to the rotor (420), for transmitting torque to the rotor (420); the first power shaft (110) drives the rotor (420) to rotate through the universal joint (120) to drive the stator (410) to rotate, thereby driving the drilling housing (200) to rotate.

10. The hydraulic orientation control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating accessory (500), which includes a first TC bearing assembly (510), a pressure sleeve (520), a tandem bearing (530), and a second TC bearing assembly (540) that abut against each other in sequence; the first TC bearing assembly (510), the pressure sleeve (520), the tandem bearing (530), and the second TC bearing assembly (540) are all sleeved on the first power shaft (110) and inserted into the transmission shaft housing (210) to facilitate relative rotation between the first power shaft (110) and the transmission shaft housing (210).

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