Optical system, dispersion correction method, control method, vehicle lamp, and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses an optical system, a dispersion correction method, a control method, a vehicle lamp and a vehicle. The optical system comprises an imaging unit, an optical deflection element and a driving member. The imaging unit is configured to output an imaging light beam. The optical deflection element has a planar optical surface for deflecting the imaging light beam and is configured to adjust a transmission direction of the imaging light beam. The driving member is connected to the optical deflection element and is configured to drive the optical deflection element to move so that the optical deflection element is selectively located at a plurality of positions. In this way, the application adjusts the transmission direction of the imaging light beam and an imaging area, meets the compactness of the vehicle-mounted installation space, takes into account the optical efficiency and the manufacturing cost, and provides a high-integration and high-adaptability solution for application scenarios such as road condition projection and illumination mode switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to an optical system, a dispersion correction method, a control method, a vehicle lamp, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent transportation vehicles, vehicle-mounted projection lighting is widely used in scenarios such as external road condition projection, near-field and far-field lighting switching, and safety warnings. To meet the needs of limited interior space and compact installation, projection modules, while achieving adjustable projection position, have placed higher demands on system size, optical efficiency, manufacturing cost, and assembly process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides an optical system, a dispersion correction method, a control method, a vehicle lamp, and a vehicle, which can effectively improve the problems in related technical solutions.

[0004] This application provides an optical system, including: Imaging unit, used to output imaging beam; An optical deflecting element having a planar optical surface for deflecting the imaging beam, configured to adjust the transmission direction of the imaging beam; and A drive unit connected to the optical deflection element, the drive unit being configured to drive the optical deflection element to move such that the optical deflection element is selectively located in multiple positions.

[0005] Thus, in this embodiment, by using an optical deflection element with a planar optical surface to deflect the imaging beam and using a driving component to move it to multiple positions, a single optical system can output multi-directional projection without the need for complex optical paths or multiple modules designed in related systems, simplifying the system structure and reducing its size.

[0006] In some embodiments, the optical deflection element is a refractive element or a diffractive element.

[0007] Thus, in the embodiments of this application, by setting the optical deflection element as a refractive element or a diffractive element, the beam control methods under different application scenarios can be met. The refractive element is suitable for wide spectrum and high power scenarios, while the diffractive element is suitable for fine control scenarios such as beam shaping and dispersion compensation.

[0008] In some embodiments, the refractive element includes an incident plane and an exit plane, with an angle between the incident plane and the exit plane.

[0009] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting an angle between the incident plane and the exit plane, the imaging beam is deflected by the refraction effect. This structure is simple and compact, the processing technology is mature, and it is suitable for mass production and assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the driving member drives the optical deflection element to rotate or move linearly, so that the optical deflection element adjusts the transmission direction of the imaging beam.

[0011] Thus, in this embodiment, by driving the optical deflection element to rotate or move linearly through the driving component, not only can the beam transmission direction be flexibly adjusted, but also the appropriate motion mode can be selected according to the system layout, thus meeting the needs of different usage scenarios.

[0012] Thus, in this embodiment, the driving component can be selected for rotational or linear motion depending on the system layout, making the structural design more flexible and facilitating precise adjustment of the beam direction within a limited space.

[0013] In some embodiments, the optical system includes a plurality of optical deflection elements for deflecting the imaging beam multiple times or for projecting in multiple directions.

[0014] Thus, in this embodiment of the application, by deflecting the imaging beam multiple times using multiple optical deflection elements, the beam deflection capability and coverage of the system can be effectively expanded, solving the problem that a single deflection element is difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of large-angle deflection and multi-directional projection, and further satisfying the different needs in various application scenarios.

[0015] In some embodiments, the plurality of optical deflection elements are driven independently or in conjunction with the driving element.

[0016] Thus, in the embodiments of this application, multiple optical deflection elements can be driven in conjunction by the same driving element or driven independently by multiple driving elements. The choice between structural compactness and control flexibility can be made according to actual needs, thereby improving the design adaptability of the system.

[0017] In some embodiments, the optical system further includes a reflective element located on the optical path after being deflected by the optical deflection element, for adjusting the transmission direction of the imaging beam.

[0018] Thus, in this embodiment of the application, by adding a reflective element to readjust the deflected imaging beam, the projection range and angle adjustment capability of the system are further expanded without increasing the complexity of the optical deflection element. At the same time, it helps to achieve a more flexible optical path layout in a limited space and meet the diverse projection needs in the vehicle environment.

[0019] In some embodiments, the optical system further includes a dispersion correction element configured to cooperate with the optical deflection element to correct the dispersion of light of different wavelengths caused by the optical deflection element.

[0020] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting a dispersion correction element that works in conjunction with the optical deflection element, light of different wavelengths can be accurately superimposed on the projection surface after deflection, thereby eliminating or reducing the occurrence of dispersion and improving image quality and color reproduction.

[0021] In some embodiments, the dispersion correction element is a refractive element, and the refractive element and the optical deflection element are made of materials with different dispersion characteristics.

[0022] Thus, in this embodiment, by using a refractive element with different dispersion characteristics than the optical deflection element as the dispersion correction element, the dispersion is eliminated by utilizing the complementary properties of materials. While ensuring the deflection function, the dispersion is effectively corrected, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0023] In some embodiments, the dispersion correction element includes an algorithm compensation module that applies an imaging position pre-compensation offset at the image source loading end for different wavelength light sources.

[0024] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting a dispersion correction element including an algorithm compensation module, an imaging position pre-compensation offset is applied to light sources of different wavelengths at the image source loading end, thereby achieving dispersion correction without adding optical elements, reducing system complexity and manufacturing costs.

[0025] This application provides a dispersion correction method for an optical system, including: Obtain the dispersion state information of the optical system; Based on the dispersion state information, the required imaging position compensation amount for different wavelength light sources is determined; Based on the compensation amount, the image loading position of the different wavelength light sources on the image source is adjusted.

[0026] Thus, in this embodiment, by acquiring dispersion state information and adjusting the image loading position of different wavelength light sources, effective correction of dispersion phenomena is achieved without adding additional optical components, ensuring that different wavelengths of light accurately overlap on the projection surface, improving imaging quality and color reproduction, while reducing system cost and structural complexity.

[0027] In some embodiments, obtaining the dispersion state information of the optical system in its current operating mode includes: Acquire chromatic dispersion information of the projected image using an image sensor; or The dispersion state information is obtained based on a preset dispersion parameter table.

[0028] Thus, in this embodiment of the application, by acquiring the projected image through an image sensor or obtaining dispersion state information based on a preset dispersion parameter table, a balance can be achieved between real-time performance and response speed according to actual needs, thereby improving the applicability of the method.

[0029] This application provides a control method for an optical system, including: Receive external trigger signals; The target launch angle is determined based on the external trigger signal; The drive mechanism is controlled to drive the optical deflection element to the target position.

[0030] Thus, in this embodiment of the application, by receiving an external trigger signal and determining the target emission angle accordingly, the drive mechanism is controlled to drive the optical deflection element to the corresponding position. The optical system can automatically switch the projection mode according to the external signal without manual adjustment, thereby improving the system's intelligence level and scene adaptability.

[0031] This application provides a vehicle lamp, including the optical system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0032] Thus, in this embodiment of the application, by integrating the above-mentioned optical system into the vehicle lamp, the vehicle lamp can be automatically adjusted according to driving conditions or scene requirements, thereby enriching the functionality of the vehicle lamp.

[0033] This application provides a vehicle that includes the optical system described in any of the above embodiments, or includes the vehicle lights mentioned above.

[0034] Thus, in this embodiment of the application, by mounting the aforementioned optical system or vehicle headlights onto the vehicle, the vehicle can switch projection modes according to different scenarios, solving the problem of the single function of traditional vehicle lights and improving the user experience.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein: Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an optical system structure in some embodiments of this application, where the optical deflection element is a refractive element; Figure 3 and Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of an optical system structure in some embodiments of this application, where the optical deflection element is a diffraction element; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical system in some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an optical system structure composed of multiple optical deflection elements in certain embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an optical system structure including a reflective element in some embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the dispersion phenomenon of the imaging beam after passing through the optical system in some embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical system that uses a double cemented prism to correct dispersion in some embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical system that uses an algorithm supplement module to correct dispersion in some embodiments of this application; Figure 11 and Figure 12 This is a flowchart of a dispersion correction method for an optical system in some embodiments of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a control method for an optical system in some embodiments of this application.

[0037] Explanation of icon numbers Optical system 100, imaging unit 10, optical deflection element 20, first optical deflection element 21, second optical deflection element 22, first prism 23, second prism 24, driving element 30, reflecting element 40, and image sensor 50. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the embodiments of this application, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0039] Vehicle-mounted projection lighting is an important technology for vehicles to interact with the external environment and provide safety assistance. It is widely used in scenarios such as road condition projection, near-field and far-field lighting switching, and safety warnings. It can project driving information onto the road surface or the field of vision in a visual way to help drivers perceive the environment, plan routes, and improve driving safety.

[0040] With the development of intelligent connected vehicles and advanced autonomous driving technology, in-vehicle projection lighting also plays an important role in enhancing human-vehicle interaction, expanding the range of information transmission, and improving visual perception capabilities at night and in adverse weather conditions. It is a key component for ensuring driving safety and realizing intelligent external vehicle interaction.

[0041] In related technologies, vehicle-mounted projection lighting mainly uses fixed projection modules to achieve lighting or pattern projection in a single area. In traditional solutions, the projection beam direction is fixed and the imaging position is singular. It is difficult to dynamically adjust the projection area and angle according to changes in road conditions, vehicle status, and driving needs. The lighting range and information presentation dimensions are relatively limited, making it difficult to meet the needs of flexible and efficient lighting and information projection in multiple scenarios, at multiple distances, and under multiple working conditions.

[0042] Based on the issues mentioned above, please refer to Figure 1 This application provides an optical system 100, including: an imaging unit 10, an optical deflection element 20, and a driving member 30. The imaging unit 10 outputs an imaging beam; the optical deflection element 20 has a planar optical surface for deflecting the imaging beam and is configured to adjust the transmission direction of the imaging beam; the driving member 30 is connected to the optical deflection element 20 and is configured to drive the optical deflection element 20 to move, so that the optical deflection element 20 is selectively located in multiple positions.

[0043] It is worth noting that the imaging unit 10 refers to the optical component used to generate and output an imaging beam. In automotive projection applications, the imaging unit 10 typically includes a light source and a light modulation device. The light source provides illumination, and the light modulation device can be a DMD (Digital Micromirror Device), an LCD panel, or an LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) chip. These devices are used to modulate the illumination light according to image information, thereby forming an imaging beam containing a specific pattern or light pattern. This imaging beam can be applied to various scenarios, such as projecting zebra crossings or turn indicators onto the road to assist driving, switching between near-field and far-field lighting according to driving conditions, or projecting safety warning signs under specific circumstances.

[0044] The optical deflection element 20 refers to an optical device disposed in the light output path of the imaging unit 10, and its core function is to adjust the transmission direction of the imaging beam. The optical deflection element 20 has a planar optical surface for deflecting the imaging beam. This planar optical surface can easily change the beam propagation direction through the refraction effect at the planar interface. Compared with curved optical elements or complex surface structures, planar optical surfaces have advantages such as easy control of surface accuracy and lower manufacturing cost.

[0045] The drive component 30 refers to the power component that is mechanically connected to the optical deflecting element 20 through a transmission structure. Its function is to provide power for the movement of the optical deflecting element 20. There are various options for the specific type of drive component 30, such as using a miniature stepper motor or servo motor to achieve precise angle control, using an electromagnetic driver to achieve rapid reciprocating motion, and using a shape memory alloy driver to achieve linear drive with a compact structure. Through the precise control of these drive components 30, the optical deflecting element 20 can switch quickly and stably between multiple positions.

[0046] Multiple positions refer to several discrete or continuous positions or orientations that the optical deflection element 20 can reach under the drive of the driving element 30. When the optical deflection element 20 is in different positions, it applies different deflection angles to the imaging beam, causing the imaging beam to be emitted at the corresponding exit angle, thereby covering different projection areas. This design concept allows a single optical system 100 to achieve multi-directional projection functions, effectively avoiding the problems of increased size and cost caused by using multiple independent projection modules.

[0047] In one embodiment, the imaging unit 10 is implemented using a projector, specifically a projection device in the form of a pixel lamp. The projector integrates a light source and a light modulation device. The light source can be a high-brightness LED tube, and the light modulation device can be a DMD digital micromirror device. The two work together to output a high-definition imaging beam containing a specific pattern.

[0048] An optical deflection element 20 is disposed in the light output path of the projector to adjust the transmission direction of the imaging beam. In this embodiment, the optical deflection element 20 is implemented using a wedge prism. When the imaging beam passes through the wedge prism, the light is refracted, and the final outgoing beam is deflected relative to the incident beam at a deflection angle. The wedge prism is made of optical glass, which has high light transmittance and good thermal stability, and can adapt to temperature changes in the vehicle environment.

[0049] The drive unit 30 is connected to the optical deflection element 20 and is used to drive the optical deflection element 20 to generate movement. In this embodiment, a micro stepper motor is selected as the power source for the drive unit 30. The output shaft of this rotation mechanism is directly connected to the support of the wedge prism, and can accurately drive the wedge prism to rotate around an axis under the action of a control signal.

[0050] With the above structure, when the wedge prism is in different positions, the imaging beam is deflected by the wedge prism and projected at corresponding different exit angles. Please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first position corresponds to near-field shooting, and the second position corresponds to far-field shooting.

[0051] Figure 1The diagram shows the wedge prism in its first position. In this first position, the wedge prism is driven by the drive member 30 into the light path of the imaging unit 10. At this time, the imaging beam is deflected after passing through the wedge prism and projected onto the near-field surface at a relatively close distance.

[0052] Figure 2 The diagram shows the wedge prism in its second position. In this second position, the wedge prism is completely removed from the light path of the imaging unit 10. At this time, the imaging beam is directly projected onto a distant far-field surface without being deflected by the wedge prism.

[0053] Understandably, the drive unit 30 can also drive the wedge prism to rotate to more different positions. By controlling the drive unit 30 to position the deflecting prism at more different angles, a wider variety of exit angles can be obtained, thereby enabling fine-tuning of the projection distance and projection position. For example, the wedge prism can be partially inserted into the optical path so that only a portion of the imaging beam passes through the prism, or the prism can be positioned at different tilt angles to obtain an intermediate projection distance between the farthest and closest points.

[0054] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting a movable optical deflection element 20 and driving it to be selectively in multiple positions by the driving element 30, the imaging beam is projected at corresponding different exit angles, realizing that a single optical system 100 can output multiple projection angles. This solves the technical problem that existing systems need to configure complex optical paths or multiple modules to meet multi-directional projection, resulting in large size and high cost. While simplifying the structure and reducing the size, it improves scene adaptability and system reliability.

[0055] In some implementations, the optical deflection element is a refractive element or a diffractive element.

[0056] It is worth noting that refractive elements are optical devices that use the principle of light refraction to change the direction of light beam propagation. A typical example is a prism, which uses a planar optical surface to deflect light. Diffractive elements are optical devices that use the principle of light diffraction to change the direction of light beam propagation. Their surfaces are usually engraved with fine microstructure patterns, such as periodic grating structures or relief structures.

[0057] Refractive elements have advantages such as mature processing technology, high light transmittance, and good thermal stability, making them suitable for cost-sensitive or environmentally demanding scenarios. Diffractive elements are characterized by flexible design, compact structure, and light weight, enabling complex beam deflection functions with extremely thin structural thickness, making them suitable for space-constrained installation environments.

[0058] Please see Figure 1In one embodiment, the refractive element is implemented by a wedge prism, which is supported by optical glass and features high light transmittance and good thermal stability, enabling it to adapt to temperature changes and mechanical vibrations in the vehicle environment. When the imaging beam passes through the refractive element, it is refracted and deflected. The deflection angle of the final outgoing beam relative to the incident beam is controlled by the drive component 30 to move the wedge prism to different positions, allowing the imaging beam to be projected onto the target area at different exit angles.

[0059] Please see Figure 3 In another embodiment, the optical deflection element 20 is a holographic optical element that utilizes the principle of optical interference and has a beam deflection function.

[0060] This diffractive element comprises a substrate and a microstructure layer formed on the substrate surface. The substrate, made of transparent optical plastic, provides support; the surface of the microstructure layer is etched with fine diffraction microstructures, designed according to the desired beam deflection angle. When the imaging beam is incident on the microstructure layer, the light undergoes diffraction, producing multiple orders of diffracted light. By optimizing parameters such as the shape, period, aspect ratio, and depth of the microstructure, most of the light energy can be concentrated on the desired specific diffraction order, which then exits along the desired direction, thus deflecting the imaging beam. Unused diffraction order light energy is suppressed or absorbed to reduce stray light interference.

[0061] The diffraction element can be connected to the drive element 30 via a bracket and can be selectively positioned in multiple locations as the drive element 30 moves.

[0062] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 The diagram shows the optical deflection element 20 in its first position when it is a diffraction element. In this first position, the holographic optical element is rotated by the drive member 30 into the light output path of the imaging unit 10. At this time, the imaging beam is deflected after passing through the holographic optical element and projected onto the near-field surface at a relatively close distance.

[0063] Figure 4 The diagram shows the optical deflection element 20 in its second position as a diffraction element. In this second position, the holographic optical element is completely separated from the light output path of the imaging unit 10. At this time, the imaging beam is directly projected onto a distant far-field surface without being deflected by the holographic optical element.

[0064] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting the optical deflection element 20 as a refractive element or a diffractive element, the appropriate element type can be flexibly selected according to the actual application scenario. Refractive elements have lower costs and mature processes, making them suitable for cost-constrained mass production applications; diffractive elements have a compact structure and flexible design, making them suitable for space-constrained integrated scenarios. Both solutions can achieve multi-angle projection, meeting the diverse optical path control needs in vehicle environments.

[0065] In some embodiments, the refractive element includes an incident plane and an exit plane, with an angle between the incident plane and the exit plane.

[0066] It is worth noting that both the incident and exit planes of the refractive element are optically polished planes, forming an angle between them. When the imaging beam passes through the refractive element, it is refracted sequentially at the incident and exit planes. According to the law of refraction, the exit direction of the beam is deflected from the incident direction, and the magnitude of the deflection angle is determined by both the angle and the refractive index of the refractive element material. By setting different angle values, different beam deflection angles can be obtained, thereby meeting diverse projection requirements.

[0067] Please see Figure 1 The refractive element is implemented using a wedge prism, which includes an incident plane and an exit plane, forming an angle between them. The specific value of this angle can be selected according to the required beam deflection angle: a smaller angle can be selected when a smaller beam deflection angle is needed for fine-tuning of near-distance projection; a larger angle can be selected when a larger beam deflection angle is needed for a clear switch from the far field to the near field. The wedge prism is made of optical glass. During assembly, the incident plane is configured to be perpendicular to the principal ray of the imaging beam to reduce unintended reflection losses; the exit plane forms an angle with the incident plane, allowing the imaging beam to exit at a predetermined deflection angle after passing through the wedge prism.

[0068] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting the incident plane and the exit plane of the refractive element to form an angle, the imaging beam is deflected by the refraction effect of the planar optical surface, achieving the technical effect of precise beam direction adjustment. This structure is simple and compact, with mature manufacturing technology, facilitating mass production and assembly. Furthermore, the angle can be flexibly designed according to actual needs to adapt to different deflection angle requirements, improving the system's design adaptability and application range.

[0069] In some embodiments, the drive member 30 drives the optical deflection element 20 to rotate or move linearly, so that the optical deflection element 20 adjusts the transmission direction of the imaging beam.

[0070] It is worth noting that rotational motion refers to the optical deflecting element 20 rotating around a certain axis, adjusting the deflection direction of the imaging beam by changing its angle and orientation; linear motion refers to the optical deflecting element 20 translating along a certain direction, changing its spatial position to enter or exit the optical path of the imaging beam, or changing the area through which the beam passes. Rotational and linear motions are two basic forms of motion, which can be selected according to the spatial layout of the system and deflection requirements. Rotational motion is suitable for achieving a large range of angle changes within a limited space, while linear motion is more suitable for switching the on / off state of the optical path or for gradual adjustment. The driving component 30 precisely controls the amount and position of the optical deflecting element 20, enabling it to quickly and stably reach various positions, ensuring that the imaging beam is accurately projected at the corresponding exit angle.

[0071] In one embodiment, the driving component 30 drives the optical deflection element 20 to rotate. The driving component 30 is implemented using a miniature stepper motor, and its output shaft is directly connected to the rotation shaft of the optical deflection element 20. The optical deflection element 20 is mounted on the light-emitting side of the imaging unit 10 via a bearing bracket and can rotate freely around a rotation shaft. After receiving a control signal, the driving component 30 drives the output shaft to rotate by a certain angle, thereby causing the optical deflection element 20 to rotate synchronously around the rotation shaft. By controlling the rotation angle of the driving component 30, the optical deflection element 20 can be precisely rotated to different angular positions, such as rotating from the first position to the second position as mentioned in the aforementioned embodiment, thereby adjusting the deflection angle of the imaging beam.

[0072] In another embodiment, the drive element 30 drives the optical deflection element 20 to perform linear motion. See also... Figure 1 and Figure 5 The driving component 30 is implemented using a linear motor, and the motion output end of the linear motor is fixedly connected to the bracket of the optical deflection element 20. The optical deflection element 20 is mounted on the light-emitting side of the imaging unit 10 via a linear guide rail, and can move linearly back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging beam. Before the driving component 30 receives the control signal, the position of the optical deflection element 20 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown; after receiving the control signal, the drive unit 30 moves its output end a distance in a straight line, thereby causing the optical deflection element 20 to translate synchronously. The position after translation is as shown. Figure 5 As shown. By controlling the moving distance of the drive unit 30, the optical deflection element 20 can be precisely moved to different positions.

[0073] Thus, in this embodiment, the optical deflection element 20 is driven by the driving component 30 to perform rotational or linear motion, which allows for flexible selection of the motion mode of the optical deflection element 20. This solves the problem that a single motion mode cannot simultaneously meet the large-angle adjustment requirements. While ensuring motion accuracy, the most suitable motion form can also be selected according to the system spatial layout and application scenario, thereby improving the design flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0074] In some embodiments, the optical system 100 includes a plurality of optical deflection elements 20, which are used to deflect the imaging beam multiple times or to achieve multi-directional projection. The plurality of optical deflection elements 20 are driven independently or in conjunction with a drive element 30.

[0075] It is worth noting that the optical system 100 may include multiple optical deflecting elements 20 arranged sequentially along the optical path to deflect the imaging beam multiple times. The superposition effect of these multiple deflections achieves a larger total deflection angle or a more complex deflection path. Multiple optical deflecting elements 20 can also be arranged in parallel, each corresponding to a different projection direction. Multi-directional projection is achieved by switching different optical deflecting elements 20 into the optical path. Using multiple optical deflecting elements 20 expands the system's deflection capability and projection range without increasing the complexity of individual elements. For example, combining two prisms with smaller angles can achieve a larger total deflection angle than a single large-angle prism; by setting deflecting elements corresponding to near-field and far-field projection respectively, two projection distance settings can be achieved.

[0076] Multiple optical deflection elements 20 can be driven in several ways. They can be driven in unison by a single drive unit 30 via a transmission mechanism, or each optical deflection element 20 can be driven independently by a separate drive unit 30. Unison driving means that multiple optical deflection elements 20 share the same power source and achieve synchronized movement through transmission mechanisms such as gears, connecting rods, and synchronous belts. This is suitable for scenarios requiring multiple elements to work together and has the advantages of compact structure, low cost, and simple control. Independent driving means that each optical deflection element 20 is equipped with a separate drive unit 30, enabling independent control and intuitive adjustment of each element. This is suitable for scenarios requiring complex motion combinations or where the motion patterns of each element differ, offering greater control freedom and richer motion combinations. The two driving methods can be selected according to actual application needs to meet different functional requirements and spatial layouts.

[0077] Please see Figure 6In one embodiment, the optical system 100 includes a first optical deflecting element 21 and a second optical deflecting element 22, both of which are wedge prisms. Each optical deflecting element 20 is driven by an independent drive element 30. The imaging beam first undergoes a first deflection through the first optical deflecting element 21, and then undergoes a second deflection through the second optical deflecting element 22. By combining two smaller-angle deflecting elements, a larger total deflection angle is achieved than that of a single large-angle deflecting element, while avoiding the problems of increased aberrations or high processing difficulty that may result from large-angle deflection. The first optical deflecting element 21 and the second optical deflecting element 22 are each connected by an independent drive element 30, and can move to different positions under the drive of the drive element 30 to adjust the final exit angle of the imaging beam, thereby achieving projection at different distances or in different areas.

[0078] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting multiple optical deflection elements 20 to deflect the imaging beam multiple times, the deflection capability and projection range of the system can be expanded. The multiple optical deflection elements 20 can be driven in conjunction with the same drive element 30 or driven independently by multiple drive elements 30, allowing for optimized matching between structural compactness and control flexibility according to the application scenario. This technical solution improves the system's design adaptability and scenario adaptability while balancing optical efficiency and manufacturing cost.

[0079] Please see Figure 7 In some embodiments, the optical system 100 further includes a reflective element 40 located on the optical path after being deflected by the optical deflection element 20, for adjusting the transmission direction of the imaging beam.

[0080] It is worth noting that the reflective element 40 is used to reflect the deflected imaging beam again. By adding the reflective element 40, the transmission direction of the imaging beam can be adjusted without increasing the complexity of the optical deflection element 20, thus achieving optical path folding or a more flexible projection angle. The reflective element 40 can be implemented using a mirror, prism, or other optical devices with reflective functions, and its position and angle can be designed according to the desired final emission direction.

[0081] Please see Figure 7In one embodiment, the reflecting element 40 consists of a fixed mirror, fixed to the optical path after being deflected by the optical deflecting element 20. The imaging beam is first deflected by the optical deflecting element 20, then incident on the fixed mirror, and after reflection, is deflected a second time, finally projected onto the target area. This achieves the adjustment of the transmission direction of the imaging beam by the reflecting element 40. By driving the optical deflecting element 20 to different positions via the driving component 30, the angle of the first deflection can be adjusted, thereby changing the direction of the beam incident on the fixed mirror, so that the final exit angle after reflection changes accordingly, achieving projection at different distances or in different areas.

[0082] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting the reflective element 40 to reflect the deflected imaging beam again, a secondary deflection of the optical path is achieved while maintaining the simplicity of the optical deflection element 20, further expanding the projection range and angle adjustment capability of the system. The reflective element 40 has a reliable structure and low cost. When used in conjunction with the movable optical deflection element 20, a more flexible optical path layout can be achieved in a limited space, meeting the diverse projection needs in a vehicle environment.

[0083] In some embodiments, the optical system 100 further includes a dispersion correction element configured to cooperate with the optical deflection element 20 to correct the dispersion of light of different wavelengths caused by the optical deflection element 20.

[0084] It is worth noting that dispersion correction elements are optical devices used to eliminate or reduce dispersion phenomena in optical system 100. When the imaging beam passes through optical deflection element 20, different wavelengths of light will separate due to differences in the refractive index of the optical material or the diffraction angle in the diffraction element. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 8 Before passing through the deflecting prism, the imaging beams overlap, but dispersion occurs after passing through the prism, causing color edges or positional shifts in the projected image—this is chromatic aberration. Dispersion correction elements can be implemented using prisms with opposite dispersion characteristics, commonly cemented doublet prisms. These are made by selecting two materials with different dispersion coefficients, fabricating two prisms separately, and then cementing them together. This allows the dispersion effects of the two prisms to cancel each other out, achieving a dispersion correction scheme that does not require specific light source system parameters. Dispersion correction can also be achieved by pre-compensating the position of light of different wavelengths at the image source end. The introduction of dispersion correction elements can effectively improve the color quality of the projected image, ensuring that light of different wavelengths accurately overlaps on the projection surface.

[0085] When a refractive element is used as the dispersion correction element, the refractive element and the optical deflection element are made of materials with different dispersion characteristics. Dispersion characteristics refer to the property of an optical material's refractive index changing with wavelength, usually measured by the Abbe number; the smaller the Abbe number, the stronger the dispersion. If materials with opposite dispersion characteristics are used to fabricate the dispersion correction element and the optical deflection element 20, they can produce dispersion effects in opposite directions when the imaging beam passes through, thus canceling each other out and achieving dispersion correction. This approach offers a high degree of freedom in material selection, allowing for the selection of suitable optical glass or optical plastics based on actual needs, and imposes no special requirements on the light source system.

[0086] Please see Figure 9 In one embodiment, the optical system 100 includes a projector, a rotation mechanism, and a double cemented prism.

[0087] The projector outputs an imaging beam, and a cemented doublet prism, as an optical deflection element 20, is positioned in the projector's output light path. A rotating mechanism is connected to the cemented doublet prism and drives it to rotate, selectively placing it in multiple positions.

[0088] The cemented doublet prism is composed of a first prism 23 and a second prism 24 cemented together, and simultaneously functions as a beam deflector and dispersion correction device. The first prism 23 uses an optical material with a high dispersion coefficient, while the second prism 24 uses an optical material with a low dispersion coefficient; the dispersion effects produced by the two prisms are in opposite directions. When the imaging beam passes through the cemented doublet prism, it passes through the first prism 23 and the second prism 24 in sequence. The first prism 23, using an optical material with a high dispersion coefficient, separates light rays of different wavelengths, producing dispersion; the second prism 24, using an optical material with a low dispersion coefficient, produces a dispersion effect in the opposite direction, canceling out the dispersion introduced by the first prism 23. This allows light rays of different wavelengths to exit at the same exit angle, achieving positional overlap on the projection surface.

[0089] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting a dispersion correction element that cooperates with the optical deflection element, dispersion is eliminated or reduced, avoiding the problem of inconsistent projection positions of light of different wavelengths and effectively improving the color quality of the projected image. This solution has no special requirements for the light source system; it can be applied to single or multiple light sources, ensuring that light of different wavelengths accurately overlaps on the projection surface, thereby improving image quality and user experience.

[0090] In some implementations, the dispersion correction element includes an algorithm compensation module that applies a pre-compensation offset for imaging position at the image source loading end for different wavelength light sources.

[0091] It is worth noting that the algorithm compensation module refers to a functional unit that applies pre-compensation offset to the imaging position of light sources of different wavelengths at the image source loading end using an algorithm. Since light of different wavelengths will produce chromatic dispersion after passing through the optical deflection element 20, resulting in positional separation on the projection surface, the algorithm compensation module pre-adjusts the position of image content of different wavelengths at the image source end, so that light of different wavelengths has a certain positional difference when it exits the imaging unit 10. This positional difference cancels out the chromatic dispersion effect generated by the optical deflection element 20, ultimately achieving positional overlap of light of different wavelengths on the projection surface. This algorithm compensation method does not require additional optical components; chromatic dispersion correction can be achieved solely through software algorithms, offering advantages such as low cost, flexible implementation, and no physical space occupation.

[0092] Please see Figure 10 In one embodiment, the light system includes a projector, a rotation mechanism, a deflecting prism, an image sensor 50, and a control unit.

[0093] The projector outputs an imaging beam, and its light source consists of multiple separate monochromatic light sources, each emitting light of a different wavelength. A deflecting prism, acting as an optical deflection element 20, is positioned in the projector's output light path to adjust the transmission direction of the imaging beam. A rotating mechanism, connected to the deflecting prism, drives the deflecting prism.

[0094] The control unit, acting as the algorithm compensation module, is connected to the projector and image sensor 40. First, the projector operates in its default state, where light of different wavelengths emerges from the same position on the projector in the same direction. The deflecting prism is rotated to be within the optical path, at which point chromatic aberration can be observed on the projection surface, with different wavelengths of light projected at different positions. The image sensor 50 detects the projection positions of different wavelengths of light on the projection surface and sends the detection results to the control unit. Based on the detected positional offset, the control unit calculates the pre-compensation offset for the images loaded by different wavelengths of light at the image source end. Subsequently, the positions of the images loaded by different wavelengths of light at the image source end are actively adjusted so that light of different wavelengths emerges from different positions on the projector in the same direction. After pre-compensation, although chromatic aberration still occurs when light of different wavelengths passes through the deflecting prism, because a reverse positional offset has been pre-added at the image source end, the light of different wavelengths is ultimately projected at the same position on the projection surface, thus achieving chromatic aberration correction.

[0095] Thus, in this embodiment, by setting a dispersion correction element including an algorithm compensation module, an imaging position pre-compensation offset is applied at the image source loading end for different wavelength light sources, dispersion correction can be achieved without adding additional optical elements, reducing system complexity and manufacturing costs, and improving the flexibility and economy of the solution while ensuring imaging quality.

[0096] Please see Figure 11 This application also proposes a dispersion correction method for an optical system 100, comprising: 101. Obtain the dispersion state information of the optical system 100; 102. Based on the dispersive state information, determine the required imaging position compensation amount for different wavelength light sources; 103. Adjust the image loading position of the different wavelength light sources on the image source according to the compensation amount.

[0097] It is worth noting that dispersion state information refers to information reflecting the current degree of dispersion of the optical system 100, such as the positional offset of light of different wavelengths on the projection surface. Obtaining the dispersion state information of the optical system 100 in the current operating mode can be achieved by the image sensor 50 acquiring the dispersion information of the projected image or by obtaining the dispersion state information based on a preset dispersion parameter table.

[0098] Acquiring chromatic dispersion information of the projected image via image sensor 50 means using image sensor 50 to detect the actual projection positions of light of different wavelengths on the projection surface in real time, obtaining accurate chromatic dispersion offset. This method can reflect the current true state of the system and has strong adaptability. Acquiring chromatic dispersion status information based on a preset chromatic dispersion parameter table means directly reading the corresponding chromatic dispersion offset from the pre-stored parameter table according to the current operating mode and the position of the optical deflection element 20. This method has fast response speed and simple control logic. The two acquisition methods can be selected according to the actual application scenario and system configuration, or they can be used in combination.

[0099] The imaging position compensation amount refers to the position adjustment amount that needs to be applied in advance when loading images from different wavelength light sources at the image source end. This adjustment amount is opposite in direction and equal in magnitude to the dispersion effect generated by the optical deflection element 20, so that light rays of different wavelengths eventually coincide on the projection surface. This method achieves dispersion correction through software algorithms without the need for additional optical components, and has the advantages of flexible implementation, low cost, and no physical space occupation.

[0100] Please see Figure 12 In one embodiment, the optical system 100 includes a projector, a rotation mechanism, a deflecting prism, an image sensor 50, and a control unit. The projector's light source consists of multiple separate monochromatic light sources, each emitting light of a different wavelength. The deflecting prism, acting as an optical deflection element 20, is positioned in the projector's output light path. The rotation mechanism is connected to the deflecting prism and drives its rotation. The image sensor 50 detects the projection positions of different wavelengths of light on the projection surface. The control unit is connected to the projector and the image sensor 50 and performs a dispersion correction method.

[0101] First, the projector is operated under default conditions, where light of different wavelengths is emitted from the same position and in the same direction. The deflecting prism is then rotated to be within the light path. At this point, a dispersion effect can be observed on the projection surface, with different wavelengths of light projected at different positions. The image sensor 50 detects the projection positions of different wavelengths of light on the projection surface and sends the detection results as dispersion status information to the control unit.

[0102] Next, the control unit, based on the received position offset, combined with the projection parameters and calculation model, calculates the image loading position compensation amount that needs to be applied to the image source loading end. This compensation amount is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the detected position offset, to ensure that different wavelengths of light can accurately overlap after correction.

[0103] Then, based on the calculated compensation amount, the control unit actively adjusts the position of the image loaded by different wavelength light sources at the image source end, so that light of different wavelengths is emitted from different positions of the projector in the same direction. After adjustment, when light of different wavelengths passes through the deflecting prism again, although the prism itself will still produce a dispersion effect, because the reverse position compensation has been added in advance at the image source end, light of different wavelengths is finally projected to the same position on the projection surface, thus achieving dispersion correction.

[0104] Finally, the image sensor 50 detects the dispersion state of the projection surface again to determine whether the corrected wavelengths of light meet the overlap requirement. If the requirement is met, the correction process ends; if the requirement is not met, the above steps are repeated until the dispersion state information meets the standard.

[0105] Thus, in this embodiment of the application, the dispersion correction method, which obtains dispersion state information, calculates pre-compensation offset, and adjusts the image loading position, uses software algorithms to correct the dispersion of the optical system without adding additional optical components, thereby reducing system size and manufacturing cost while ensuring imaging quality.

[0106] Please see Figure 13 This application also proposes a control method for an optical system 100, comprising: 201, Receive external trigger signal; 202. Determine the target launch angle based on the external trigger signal; 203. Control the drive mechanism to drive the optical deflection element to the target position.

[0107] It is worth noting that external trigger signals may include vehicle status signals or user commands, which are used to trigger the optical system 100 to switch working modes. Vehicle status signals include vehicle speed signals, turn signal signals, gear signals, light signals, wiper signals, etc., which reflect the current driving status and environmental conditions of the vehicle. User commands include specific mode selections entered by the user through the vehicle interface, voice control, or mobile APP.

[0108] The target emission angle is determined based on the projection direction required by the current application scenario. Based on external trigger signals, the system can determine the current projection application scenario. Projection scenarios can be divided into medium-to-long-distance projection scenarios and short-distance projection scenarios. Medium-to-long-distance projection scenarios include driving light carpets, width indication, pedestrian alerts, vehicle distance alerts, movie watching, karaoke, etc. These scenarios require the beam to be projected onto the ground or receiving screen at a relatively far distance, corresponding to a smaller deflection angle or no deflection at all. Short-distance projection scenarios include welcome mode, vehicle location mode, near-field interaction, etc. These scenarios require the beam to be projected onto the ground or receiving screen closer to the vehicle, corresponding to a larger deflection angle.

[0109] The position of the optical deflection element 20 corresponds one-to-one with the emission angle. By driving the optical deflection element 20 to different positions, different emission angles can be switched. This method enables the optical system 100 to automatically switch the projection mode according to external signals.

[0110] In one embodiment, the optical system 100 is mounted at the location of the vehicle's exterior rearview mirror. The control unit is a microcontroller connected to the rotating mechanism and the vehicle's CAN bus. An angle sensor is installed at the shaft of the rotating mechanism to detect the rotation angle of the deflecting prism in real time.

[0111] This embodiment uses the welcome mode as an example. When the vehicle is unlocked, the vehicle system generates a welcome mode trigger signal, which is received by the control unit via the CAN bus.

[0112] The control unit analyzes the received external trigger signal and identifies the current mode as welcoming mode. The control unit has a pre-stored table mapping modes to projection angles; the welcoming mode corresponds to a projection angle of 15° and a projection distance of 1.5 meters. The control unit also stores an angle-to-position mapping table, which records the rotation angle of the deflecting prism corresponding to different projection angles. This mapping is obtained through pre-shipment calibration experiments to ensure an accurate correspondence between angle and position.

[0113] Based on the 15° target launch angle determined in the above steps, the control unit obtains the corresponding deflector target position of 22° rotation angle through the angle and position mapping table.

[0114] The control unit reads the current position of the deflecting prism using an angle sensor. The sensor indicates that the deflecting prism is currently at the 0° position.

[0115] The control unit calculates the difference between the target position and the current position to be 22°. The control unit generates a pulse drive signal and sends it to the stepper motor. Upon receiving the signal, the stepper motor begins to rotate forward, driving the deflecting prism to rotate synchronously via its shaft. During rotation, an angle sensor continuously monitors the rotation angle of the deflecting prism and feeds the angle data back to the control unit in real time.

[0116] When the angle sensor reports that the deflection prism has rotated to 22°, the control unit immediately cuts off the drive signal of the stepper motor, the stepper motor stops rotating, and the deflection prism precisely stops at the target position of 22°.

[0117] After the deflecting prism is in place, the control unit confirms the current position as 22° via the angle sensor, which matches the target position. The control unit then sends a projection permission signal to the projector and simultaneously sends a welcome mode ready status message to the vehicle's infotainment system via the CAN bus.

[0118] After receiving the projection permission signal, the projector reads the welcome pattern from its memory. The projector's internal light source illuminates, and the DMD device modulates the beam according to the image data. The imaging beam is deflected by a 15° prism and accurately projected onto the ground next to the driver's side door, forming a clear welcome pattern. The entire projection process lasts for 10 seconds before automatically shutting off, and the vehicle enters driving standby mode.

[0119] Thus, in this embodiment of the application, by receiving an external trigger signal, determining the target emission angle, and controlling the drive mechanism to drive the optical deflection element 20 to the target position, the optical system can automatically switch the projection mode according to the external signal. It can intelligently adapt to scene changes without manual adjustment, thereby improving the system's intelligence level and scene adaptability, and enhancing the user experience.

[0120] This application also proposes a vehicle light including the optical system 100 mentioned in any of the above embodiments.

[0121] It is worth noting that vehicle lights refer to optical devices installed on vehicles for illumination, signal indication, or projection. Their specific forms can include headlights, fog lights, signal lights, projection lights, or combination lights.

[0122] Thus, by integrating the aforementioned optical system 100 into the vehicle headlight, the headlight has the function of adjusting the projection direction, and can output imaging beams with different emission angles according to different driving scenarios and user needs. This solves the technical problem that the beam direction of traditional headlights is fixed and cannot adapt to the needs of multiple scenarios, enriches the application scenarios of headlights, and improves the user experience.

[0123] This application also proposes a vehicle including the optical system 100 or vehicle lights mentioned in any of the above embodiments.

[0124] It is worth noting that vehicles refer to means of transportation used to carry people or goods, including traditional fuel vehicles, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and autonomous vehicles.

[0125] Thus, by installing the aforementioned optical system 100 or vehicle lights inside the vehicle, the vehicle achieves the technical effect of intelligent beam direction adjustment and road projection functions, solving the technical problem that traditional vehicle lights have limited functions and cannot adapt to the needs of multiple scenarios. While improving driving safety, it also enriches the way people interact with vehicles and enhances the user experience.

[0126] In this specification, the terms "specifically," "furthermore," "particularly," "understandably," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with embodiments or examples that are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0127] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the function involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0128] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An optical system, characterized in that, include: Imaging unit, used to output imaging beam; An optical deflection element having a planar optical surface for deflecting the imaging beam and configured to adjust the transmission direction of the imaging beam; and A drive unit connected to the optical deflection element, the drive unit being configured to drive the optical deflection element to move such that the optical deflection element is selectively located in multiple positions.

2. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical deflection element is a refractive element or a diffractive element.

3. The optical system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The refractive element includes an incident plane and an exit plane, and the incident plane and the exit plane form an angle.

4. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving element drives the optical deflection element to rotate or move linearly, so that the optical deflection element adjusts the transmission direction of the imaging beam.

5. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes multiple optical deflection elements, which are used to deflect the imaging beam multiple times or to achieve multi-directional projection.

6. The optical system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The multiple optical deflection elements are driven independently or in conjunction with the driving element.

7. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reflective element, which is located on the optical path after being deflected by the optical deflection element, and is used to adjust the transmission direction of the imaging beam.

8. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a dispersion correction element configured to cooperate with the optical deflection element to correct the dispersion of light of different wavelengths caused by the optical deflection element.

9. The optical system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dispersion correction element is a refractive element, and the refractive element and the optical deflection element are made of materials with different dispersion characteristics.

10. The optical system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dispersion correction element includes an algorithm compensation module, which applies pre-compensation offset for imaging position at the image source loading end for different wavelength light sources.

11. A dispersion correction method for an optical system, characterized in that, The method, applied to the optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprises: Obtain the dispersion state information of the optical system in the current operating mode; Based on the dispersion state information, the required imaging position compensation amount for different wavelength light sources is determined; Based on the compensation amount, the image loading position of the different wavelength light sources on the image source is adjusted.

12. The dispersion correction method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the dispersion state information of the optical system in its current operating mode includes: Acquire chromatic dispersion information of the projected image using an image sensor; or The dispersion state information is obtained based on a preset dispersion parameter table.

13. A control method for an optical system, characterized in that, The control method, applied to the optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprises: Receive external trigger signals; The target emission angle is determined based on the external trigger signal; the drive mechanism is controlled to drive the optical deflection element to the target preset position.

14. A vehicle light, characterized in that, Includes the optical system as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, or includes the vehicle lamp according to claim 14.

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