Biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of combustion furnace, provide a kind of based on heat utilization's biomass particle combustion furnace, including the furnace body for particle combustion, the furnace body bottom is fixedly installed with left high right low grate by vertical plate, the grate and furnace body are formed with primary oxygen distribution chamber and secondary oxygen distribution chamber by partition, the furnace body is installed with the inclined guide plate near the right side of grate;It can be understood that, the equipment is by setting water pipe in the interlayer of furnace body and guide plate, and utilize the heat exchanger connected with oxygen distribution pipe to transfer the heat generated by furnace body to oxygen distribution position, to obtain high-temperature air to achieve better combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of combustion furnaces, and more specifically, to a biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization. Background Technology

[0002] A biomass pellet combustion furnace is a modern heating device that uses compressed agricultural and forestry waste such as wood chips and straw as fuel, achieving efficient and clean combustion through automated feeding and air distribution control. Its core principle is the semi-gasification combustion of biomass pellets within the furnace, efficiently converting biomass energy into heat energy for heating, hot water supply, or industrial heating. Compared to traditional coal-fired furnaces, it features a high degree of automation, controllable heat output, and... With significant advantages such as near-zero emissions (carbon cycle) and the ability to use waste residue as potash fertilizer, it is an energy-saving and environmentally friendly renewable energy utilization device.

[0003] A search revealed application number 202120161752.1, which discloses a fully automatic high-efficiency biomass gasification burner, but it has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. The oxygen supplied by this equipment is all ambient temperature air, which is significantly lower than the internal temperature of the combustion furnace. When this air enters, it will lower the temperature of the combustion furnace and affect the combustion efficiency and temperature.

[0005] 2. Secondly, the slag pushing mechanism on the equipment requires a certain swing range, thus occupying a large space in the burner, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the equipment;

[0006] 3. Because the material is fed by a screw conveyor, the material passes through the space in a spiral shape, which limits the length of the conveyed particles. In addition, high-humidity materials may stick together, which is not conducive to cleaning.

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization, which improves combustion efficiency by using combustion heat to heat oxygen-containing air and reduces the space required for the ash pushing mechanism, thereby solving the problems in the prior art.

[0009] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization, comprising a furnace body for pellet combustion, a grate with a left-high and right-low orientation fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace body via a vertical plate, a primary oxygen distribution chamber and a secondary oxygen distribution chamber formed between the grate and the furnace body via a partition, an inclined guide plate installed on the right side of the furnace body near the grate, a bottom plate fixed in the furnace body installed below the guide plate, and a flame nozzle and a viewing port installed on the side of the furnace body, further comprising: a feeding mechanism located above the guide plate for pellet conveying; a slag pushing mechanism located directly below the guide plate for discharging combustion residue; an oxygen distribution module for supplying oxygen to the primary oxygen distribution chamber, the secondary oxygen distribution chamber, and the flame nozzle; a heat utilization module that absorbs heat from the furnace body and transfers it to the oxygen supply channel of the oxygen distribution module for heating the oxygen-distributing air, the heat utilization module including water pipes installed on the side, top, and guide plate of the furnace body, one end of the water pipes being connected to a water inlet; and a protective frame located outside the combustion furnace.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding seat fixed to the side of the furnace body, with a feeding port and a discharging port respectively provided on the top and one side of the feeding seat, a horizontally sliding pusher plate in the feeding seat, and a screw extension device installed on the side of the feeding seat away from the discharging port.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the guide plate is formed with a support beam that is parallel to the bottom plate, the bottom plate is flush with the top surface of the grate, and the slag pushing mechanism includes a slag pushing plate that slides between the support beam and the bottom plate.

[0012] Preferably, the furnace body is provided with a rotating central roller, and a swing arm is fixed on the central roller. The swing arm is connected to the slag pusher plate by a connecting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the oxygen distribution module includes a first fan installed at the lower end of the protective frame and a primary oxygen distribution pipe and a secondary oxygen distribution pipe connected to the first fan. The primary oxygen distribution pipe and the secondary oxygen distribution pipe are respectively connected to the primary oxygen distribution chamber and the secondary oxygen distribution chamber. The oxygen distribution module also includes a second fan fixed at the upper end of the protective frame and a tertiary oxygen distribution pipe connected to the second fan. The tertiary oxygen distribution pipe is connected to the flame nozzle.

[0014] Preferably, the heat utilization module further includes a second exchanger and a second branch air box installed at the output end of the first fan, the second branch air box being connected to the primary oxygen distribution pipe and the secondary oxygen distribution pipe, and a first exchanger and a first branch air box installed at the output end of the second fan, the first branch air box being connected to the tertiary oxygen distribution pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the water pipe is connected to a heat exchange tube, which passes through a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger.

[0016] Preferably, the second branch air box is connected to a first air duct and a second air duct, the other end of the first air duct is connected to the feeding seat, the second air duct is connected to the slag pushing mechanism, and the first branch air box is connected to a third air duct, the other end of the third air duct is connected to the feeding seat.

[0017] Preferably, the protective frame is provided with a protective plate on the outside.

[0018] Preferably, the furnace body and the corresponding primary oxygen supply chamber and secondary oxygen supply chamber are all provided with slag removal ports.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] 1. By installing water pipes in the entire interlayer of the furnace body and the interlayer of the guide plate, and then installing the first exchanger and the second exchanger connected to the water pipes at the connection points of the first blower and the primary oxygen distribution pipe, the secondary oxygen distribution pipe, and the second blower and the tertiary oxygen distribution pipe, the heat generated by the furnace body is transferred to the oxygen distribution position, thereby obtaining high-temperature air and achieving better combustion effect.

[0021] 2. By setting the slag pushing mechanism as a reciprocating rotating structure, the whole can be placed under the guide plate, which effectively reduces the space occupied by the slag pushing mechanism in the equipment, which is conducive to miniaturization and weight reduction.

[0022] 3. By setting the feeding mechanism to a reciprocating push structure, the size of the burning particles can be significantly increased, and self-cleaning can be achieved during the feeding process to avoid the sticking of high-humidity particles. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Rear view structural diagram;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in a front half-section view;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the oxygen distribution module and the heat utilization module in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram showing the connection of three air ducts.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 1. Furnace body; 11. Grate; 12. Primary oxygen distribution chamber; 13. Secondary oxygen distribution chamber; 14. Feed guide plate; 141. Support beam; 15. Bottom plate; 16. Burner nozzle; 17. Observation port; 18. Slag removal port;

[0033] 2. Feeding mechanism; 21. Feeding seat; 22. Feeding port; 23. Discharging port; 24. Push plate; 25. Screw extension device;

[0034] 3. Slag pushing mechanism; 31. Slag pushing plate; 32. Center roller; 33. Swing arm; 34. Connecting rod; 35. Motor; 36. Gearbox;

[0035] 4. Oxygen distribution module; 41. First fan; 42. Primary oxygen distribution pipe; 43. Secondary oxygen distribution pipe; 44. Secondary fan; 45. Tertiary oxygen distribution pipe;

[0036] 5. Heat utilization module; 51. Water inlet; 52. Water pipe; 53. Heat exchanger pipe; 54. First branch air box; 55. First heat exchanger; 56. Second branch air box; 57. Second heat exchanger; 58. First air duct; 59. Second air duct; 510. Third air duct;

[0037] 6. Protective frame; 61. Protective plate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0039] like Figure 1 - Figure 6As shown, this embodiment provides a biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization, including a furnace body 1 for pellet combustion. A grate 11, with a left-high, right-low orientation, is fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace body 1 via a vertical plate. The grate 11 has through holes for ash to fall after combustion. A primary oxygen supply chamber 12 and a secondary oxygen supply chamber 13 are formed between the grate 11 and the furnace body 1 via a partition. Most pellets burn directly above the primary oxygen supply chamber 12. An inclined guide plate 14 is installed on the right side of the furnace body 1 near the grate 11. A bottom plate 15, fixed in the furnace body 1, is installed below the guide plate 14. A flame nozzle 16 and an observation port 17 are installed on the side of the furnace body 1, with the observation port 17 also serving as an ignition port. The combustion furnace also includes:

[0040] Feeding mechanism 2, located above guide plate 14, is used for particle conveying;

[0041] The slag pushing mechanism 3 is located directly below the guide plate 14 and is used to discharge combustion residue;

[0042] Oxygen supply module 4 is used for oxygen supply to the primary oxygen supply chamber 12, the secondary oxygen supply chamber 13 and the flame nozzle 16.

[0043] The heat utilization module 5 absorbs the heat of the furnace body 1 and transfers it to the oxygen supply channel of the oxygen distribution module 4 to heat the oxygen distribution air. The heat utilization module 5 includes a water pipe 52 installed on the side, top and guide plate 14 of the furnace body 1. One end of the water pipe 52 is connected to the water inlet 51.

[0044] The protective frame 6 is located outside the combustion furnace. A protective plate 61 is provided on the outside of the protective frame 6. A gap is left between the protective plate 61 and the furnace body 1 to prevent burns. At the same time, the protective plate 61 is installed with screws to the protective frame 6, which facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the combustion furnace.

[0045] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a feeding seat 21 fixed to the side of the furnace body 1. The top and one side of the feeding seat 21 are respectively provided with a feeding port 22 and a discharging port 23. A horizontally sliding pusher plate 24 is provided in the feeding seat 21. A screw extension device 25 is installed on the side of the feeding seat 21 away from the discharging port 23. Particles are added into the feeding seat 21 through the feeding port 22. The screw extension device 25 drives the pusher plate 24 to slide back and forth in the feeding seat 21, so that the particles are conveyed from the discharging port 23 to the guide plate 14.

[0046] Furthermore, the bottom of the guide plate 14 is formed with a support beam 141 that is parallel to the bottom plate 15. The bottom plate 15 is flush with the top surface of the grate 11. The slag pushing mechanism 3 includes a slag pushing plate 31 that slides between the support beam 141 and the bottom plate 15.

[0047] Furthermore, the furnace body 1 is equipped with a rotating central roller 32, on which a swing arm 33 is fixed. The swing arm 33 is connected to the slag pusher plate 31 by a connecting rod 34. The outside of the furnace body 1 is connected to a motor 35 and a gearbox 36 that drive the central roller 32. In use, the power output by the motor 35 is increased to torque through the gearbox 36, which then drives the central roller 32 and the swing arm 33 to rotate back and forth. The rotating swing arm 33 and the hot air connecting rod 34 push the slag pusher plate 31 to move back and forth. The slag pusher plate 31 pushes the ash and slag on the grate 11 and makes them fall off. At this time, the particles on the guide plate 14 fall down and burn. The slag pusher mechanism 3 works intermittently, thus forming continuous combustion.

[0048] Furthermore, the oxygen distribution module 4 includes a first fan 41 installed at the lower end of the protective frame 6 and a primary oxygen distribution pipe 42 and a secondary oxygen distribution pipe 43 connected to the first fan 41. The primary oxygen distribution pipe 42 and the secondary oxygen distribution pipe 43 are respectively connected to the primary oxygen distribution chamber 12 and the secondary oxygen distribution chamber 13. The oxygen distribution module 4 also includes a second fan 44 fixed at the upper end of the protective frame 6 and a tertiary oxygen distribution pipe 45 connected to the second fan 44. The tertiary oxygen distribution pipe 45 is connected to the burner nozzle 16. In actual use, each oxygen distribution pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the oxygen distribution amount can be adjusted according to the different particles and the required heating temperature, thereby obtaining better combustion economy.

[0049] Furthermore, the heat utilization module 5 also includes a second exchanger 57 and a second branch air box 56 installed at the output end of the first fan 41. The second branch air box 56 is connected to the primary oxygen distribution pipe 42 and the secondary oxygen distribution pipe 43. Additionally, a first exchanger 55 and a first branch air box 54 are installed at the output end of the second fan 44. The first branch air box 54 is connected to the tertiary oxygen distribution pipe 45.

[0050] Furthermore, a heat exchange tube 53 is connected to the end of the water pipe 52. The heat exchange tube 53 passes through the first exchanger 55 and the second exchanger 57. The heat exchange tube 53 is presented in the exchanger in the form of coiling or reciprocating bending, so as to achieve better heat exchange effect without affecting air circulation. In actual use, a high-temperature resistant water pump is connected between the water inlet 51 and the water outlet at the end of the heat exchange tube 53 for the circulation of cooling water.

[0051] Furthermore, the second branch air box 56 is connected to the first air duct 58 and the second air duct 59. The other end of the first air duct 58 is connected to the feeding seat 21, and the second air duct 59 is connected to the slag pushing mechanism 3. The first branch air box 54 is connected to the third air duct 510, and the other end of the third air duct 510 is connected to the feeding seat 21. In this embodiment, all three air ducts are used for pressurization to reduce the leakage of internal temperature of the furnace body 1 to the outside at the movable connection.

[0052] Furthermore, ash removal ports 18 are provided at the positions of furnace body 1 and the corresponding primary oxygen distribution chamber 12 and secondary oxygen distribution chamber 13. Most of the dust will accumulate in the primary oxygen distribution chamber 12. Automatic ash removal devices, such as screw conveyors, can be installed in furnace body 1, primary oxygen distribution chamber 12 and secondary oxygen distribution chamber 13 to achieve automatic ash removal.

[0053] Understandably, this equipment uses water pipes installed in the interlayer between the furnace body and the guide plate, and a heat exchanger connected to the oxygen distribution pipe to transfer the heat generated in the furnace body to the oxygen distribution position, thereby obtaining high-temperature air for better combustion. Meanwhile, the ash-pushing mechanism adopts a reciprocating rotating structure, which can be placed below the guide plate, effectively reducing the space occupied and facilitating equipment miniaturization and weight reduction. The feeding mechanism is designed with a reciprocating pushing structure, which not only allows for the use of larger combustion particles but also enables self-cleaning during the feeding process, preventing high-humidity particles from sticking together.

[0054] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization, comprising a furnace body (1) for pellet combustion, wherein a grate (11) with a left-high and right-low orientation is fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace body (1) via a vertical plate, and a primary oxygen distribution chamber (12) and a secondary oxygen distribution chamber (13) are formed between the grate (11) and the furnace body (1) via a partition, an inclined guide plate (14) is installed on the right side of the furnace body (1) near the grate (11), a bottom plate (15) fixed in the furnace body (1) is installed below the guide plate (14), and a flame nozzle (16) and a viewing port (17) are installed on the side of the furnace body (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The feeding mechanism (2) is located above the guide plate (14) and is used for particle conveying; The slag pushing mechanism (3) is located directly below the guide plate (14) and is used to discharge combustion residue; The oxygen supply module (4) is used to supply oxygen to the primary oxygen supply chamber (12), the secondary oxygen supply chamber (13) and the nozzle (16); The heat utilization module (5) absorbs the heat of the furnace body (1) and transfers it to the oxygen supply channel of the oxygen distribution module (4) for heating the oxygen distribution air. The heat utilization module (5) includes a water pipe (52) installed on the side, top and guide plate (14) of the furnace body (1). One end of the water pipe (52) is connected to the water inlet (51). The protective frame (6) is located outside the combustion furnace.

2. The biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (2) includes a feeding seat (21) fixed to the side of the furnace body (1). The feeding seat (21) has a feeding port (22) and a discharging port (23) on its top and one side respectively. The feeding seat (21) has a horizontally sliding pusher plate (24). The feeding seat (21) has a screw extension device (25) installed on the side away from the discharging port (23).

3. A biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the guide plate (14) is formed with a support beam (141) that is parallel to the bottom plate (15). The bottom plate (15) is flush with the top surface of the grate (11). The slag pushing mechanism (3) includes a slag pushing plate (31) that slides between the support beam (141) and the bottom plate (15).

4. A biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization according to claim 3, characterized in that: The furnace body (1) is provided with a rotating central roller (32), and a swing arm (33) is fixed on the central roller (32). The swing arm (33) is connected to the slag pusher plate (31) by a connecting rod (34).

5. A biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oxygen distribution module (4) includes a first fan (41) installed at the lower end of the protective frame (6) and a primary oxygen distribution pipe (42) and a secondary oxygen distribution pipe (43) connected to the first fan (41). The primary oxygen distribution pipe (42) and the secondary oxygen distribution pipe (43) are respectively connected to the primary oxygen distribution chamber (12) and the secondary oxygen distribution chamber (13). The oxygen distribution module (4) also includes a second fan (44) fixed at the upper end of the protective frame (6) and a tertiary oxygen distribution pipe (45) connected to the second fan (44). The tertiary oxygen distribution pipe (45) is connected to the flame nozzle (16).

6. A biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat utilization module (5) also includes a second exchanger (57) and a second branch air box (56) installed at the output end of the first fan (41), the second branch air box (56) being connected to the primary oxygen distribution pipe (42) and the secondary oxygen distribution pipe (43), and a first exchanger (55) and a first branch air box (54) installed at the output end of the second fan (44), the first branch air box (54) being connected to the tertiary oxygen distribution pipe (45).

7. A biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water pipe (52) is connected to a heat exchange pipe (53) at its end, and the heat exchange pipe (53) passes through a first exchanger (55) and a second exchanger (57).

8. A biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second branch air box (56) is connected to a first air duct (58) and a second air duct (59). The other end of the first air duct (58) is connected to the feeding seat (21), and the second air duct (59) is connected to the slag pushing mechanism (3). The first branch air box (54) is connected to a third air duct (510), and the other end of the third air duct (510) is connected to the feeding seat (21).

9. A biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective frame (6) is provided with a protective plate (61) on the outside.

10. A biomass pellet combustion furnace based on heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body (1) and the corresponding primary oxygen distribution chamber (12) and secondary oxygen distribution chamber (13) are all provided with slag removal ports (18).

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