A cable insulation layer accelerated aging test device for spectroscopic analysis

Abstract

The application discloses a cable insulation layer accelerated aging test equipment for spectroscopic characteristic analysis and relates to the technical field of power equipment material aging test. The support assembly comprises support columns, sliding blocks, support rods, support cylinders one, support cylinders two and elastic sleeves, the support columns are fixedly arranged on the fixed rods, a plurality of straight grooves are arranged on the outer side surface of the support columns in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction, two sliding blocks are arranged in the straight grooves in a sliding mode, one support rod is hingedly arranged on each sliding block, the other ends of the support rods on the two sliding blocks in the same straight groove are hingedly arranged on the same support cylinder one, one support cylinder two is arranged between the adjacent two support cylinders one, the support cylinder one and the support cylinder two are arranged in a tangent mode and are rotationally connected through a connecting plate. The elastic sleeve can be closely attached to the inner wall of the insulation layer, local stress concentration is eliminated, micro cracks generated in the cutting process are further avoided, and the accuracy of aging experiment data is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aging testing technology for power equipment materials, specifically an accelerated aging testing device for cable insulation layers used for spectroscopic feature analysis. Background Technology

[0002] Current research on cable insulation aging has the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. During sample preparation, although the traditional cutting method uses liquid nitrogen to embrittle the cable insulation layer, the extrusion pressure generated during cutting causes stress concentration, which leads to the formation of microcracks inside the insulation layer. These microcracks become preferential degradation points during aging tests, resulting in abnormal distribution of precipitates and lower accuracy of aging test data.

[0004] 2. For cable insulation layers of different diameters, using a single cutting method will further amplify the stress concentration problem, leading to a decrease in the accuracy of experimental data.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an accelerated aging test device for cable insulation for spectroscopic feature analysis to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an accelerated aging test device for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis, comprising a sampling and cutting module, an accelerated aging module, and a monitoring module. The sampling and cutting module includes a fixed plate, a support assembly, and a cutting assembly. The support assembly is fixedly connected to the fixed plate via multiple fixed rods, and the cutting assembly is slidably connected to the fixed plate via multiple telescopic rods. The support assembly includes a support column, sliders, support rods, a first support cylinder, a second support cylinder, and an elastic sleeve. The support column is fixedly mounted on the fixed rods. The outer surface of the support column has multiple straight grooves arranged axially and circumferentially. Two sliders are slidably mounted in the straight grooves. A support rod is hinged to each slider. The other ends of the support rods on the two sliders in the same straight groove are hinged to the same first support cylinder. A second support cylinder is provided between two adjacent first support cylinders. The first and second support cylinders are tangentially mounted and rotatably connected via a connecting plate. Multiple first and second support cylinders together constitute a cylindrical support structure. The elastic sleeve wraps around the outside of this cylindrical support structure.

[0007] Preferably, the support column has a sliding cavity inside, and a sliding plate is driven to slide in opposite directions in the sliding cavity by a bidirectional reverse screw. Multiple extension rods are arranged radially and circumferentially on the sliding plate. The extension rods penetrate the straight groove and are fixedly connected to the slider. Two sliders in the same straight groove are respectively fixedly connected to the extension rods of different sliding plates.

[0008] Preferably, a support plate is slidably disposed in the first support cylinder along the radial direction of the support column. Multiple through slots are arrayed along the length of the support plate, and a connecting rod is slidably disposed in each slot. A limiting block is fixedly disposed in the slot along its height direction. A sliding hole is formed in the limiting block along the length of the slot, and an inclined groove is formed on the sidewall of the sliding hole. The connecting rod has a slot through which the limiting block passes. Two annular plates are fixedly disposed on the second support cylinder. The annular plate has an annular groove inside each of the two support cylinders tangent to the second support cylinder. Multiple sleeve rods are fixedly installed in the annular groove. The sleeve rods are slidably connected to the connecting rod. A push block is fixedly installed at the output end of one of the sleeve rods in the annular plate. A push rod is fixedly installed on the push block. A protrusion is fixedly installed at the output end of the push rod. The push rod is slidably installed along the sliding hole. The protrusion is slidably installed along the inclined groove. The connecting rod has a slot 2 for the push block to slide.

[0009] Preferably, an L-shaped plate is slidably disposed in the annular groove, and multiple springs are disposed between the L-shaped plate and the second support cylinder. A strip-shaped airbag is fixedly disposed on the L-shaped plate, and multiple through holes are opened in the L-shaped plate for the connecting rod and the sleeve rod to pass through.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the L-shaped plate has an inclined pushing surface on the side near the support cylinder, through which the support cylinder can push the L-shaped plate to slide along the annular groove.

[0011] Preferably, the cutting assembly includes a fixed ring, a rotating ring, a movable plate, and a cutter. The fixed ring is fixedly disposed at the output end of the telescopic rod. The rotating ring is rotatably disposed in the fixed ring. Multiple movable plates are arranged radially and circumferentially in the rotating ring. An arc-shaped cutter is fixedly disposed at the output end of the movable plate.

[0012] Preferably, an extension ring is fixedly provided on one side of the rotating ring, and a plurality of telescopic rods are hinged to the extension ring along the circumferential direction. A connecting ring is fixedly provided at the output end of the telescopic rods. A driving rod is fixedly provided on the moving plate. The driving rod penetrates the rotating ring, and a slot is provided on the rotating ring for the driving rod to slide. The connecting ring is rotatably connected to the driving rod.

[0013] Preferably, the accelerated aging module includes an environmental simulation chamber, a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit, a voltage loading unit, and a time gradient controller; the monitoring module includes a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, a vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, a gas chromatograph, and a data analysis unit, all mounted on the environmental simulation chamber; the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer is used to detect the breaking and formation of chemical bonds in the basic material units of the cable insulation layer; the vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer is used to capture the peak abundance evolution of ketone and aldehyde molecular ions; the gas chromatograph is used to quantify the concentration of acetaldehyde and acetone small molecule products; and the data analysis unit is used to integrate and process the data transmitted by the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and the gas chromatograph.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an accelerated aging test device for cable insulation for spectroscopic feature analysis, which has the following advantages:

[0015] This invention utilizes a dynamically adjustable cylindrical support structure composed of multiple support cylinders (one and two), an elastic sleeve, a support plate, a connecting rod, and a sleeve rod. This structure provides circumferential adaptive support for the cable insulation layer during the cutting process. Furthermore, the inclusion of push rods, inclined grooves, limiting blocks, and strip-shaped airbags ensures a continuous, uninterrupted rigid support surface on the inner side of the elastic sleeve. This, in turn, ensures a smooth, arc-shaped surface on the outer surface of the elastic sleeve, guaranteeing a tight fit between the elastic sleeve and the inner wall of the insulation layer. This eliminates localized stress concentration, further preventing micro-cracks during cutting and effectively improving the accuracy of aging test data. The variable-diameter cylindrical support structure can adapt to cable insulation layers of different diameters, enabling non-destructive cutting of various cable insulation layers using the cutting module and generating standardized thin-film samples. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting component in this invention;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the skateboard structure in this invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second support cylinder in this invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support cylinder and the support column in this invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate in this invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of support cylinder one, support cylinder two and elastic sleeve in this invention;

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Fixed plate; 11. Fixed rod; 12. Telescopic rod one; 2. Support assembly; 21. Support column; 211. Straight groove; 212. Slide plate; 213. Extension rod; 22. Slider; 23. Support rod; 24. Support cylinder one; 241. Support plate; 242. Through groove; 243. Connecting rod; 244. Limiting block; 245. Sliding hole; 246. Inclined groove; 25. Support cylinder two; 251. Annular plate; 252. Sleeve rod; 253. Push block; 254. Push rod; 255. Protrusion; 256. L-shaped plate; 257. Strip-shaped airbag; 26. Elastic sleeve; 27. Connecting plate; 3. Cutting assembly; 31. Fixed ring; 32. Rotating ring; 321. Extension ring; 322. Telescopic rod two; 323. Connecting ring; 33. Moving plate; 331. Drive rod; 34. Cutter. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Please see Figures 1-9 In this embodiment of the invention, an accelerated aging test device for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis includes a sampling and cutting module, an accelerated aging module, and a monitoring module. The sampling and cutting module includes a fixed plate 1, a support assembly 2, and a cutting assembly 3. The support assembly 2 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 1 via multiple fixed rods 11, and the cutting assembly 3 is slidably connected to the fixed plate 1 via multiple telescopic rods 12. The support assembly 2 includes a support column 21, a slider 22, a support rod 23, a first support cylinder 24, a second support cylinder 25, and an elastic sleeve 26. The support column 21 is fixedly mounted on the fixed rod 11, and the outer surface of the support column 21... The side has multiple straight grooves 211 arranged axially and circumferentially. Two sliders 22 are slidably disposed in the straight grooves 211. A support rod 23 is hinged to the slider 22. The other end of the support rod 23 on the two sliders 22 in the same straight groove 211 is hinged to the same support cylinder 24. A support cylinder 25 is disposed between two adjacent support cylinders 24. The support cylinders 24 and 25 are tangentially disposed and rotatably connected by a connecting plate 27. The multiple support cylinders 24 and 25 together form a cylindrical support structure. The elastic sleeve 26 is wrapped around the outside of this cylindrical support structure.

[0027] The support column 21 has a sliding cavity inside. A sliding plate 212 is driven to slide in opposite directions in the sliding cavity by a bidirectional reverse screw. Multiple extension rods 213 extend radially and are arranged in a circumferential array on the sliding plate 212. The extension rods 213 penetrate the straight groove 211 and are fixedly connected to the slider 22. Two sliders 22 in the same straight groove 211 are respectively fixedly connected to the extension rods 213 of different sliding plates 212.

[0028] A support plate 241 is slidably disposed in the support cylinder 24 along the radial direction of the support column 21. Multiple through slots 242 are arrayed on the support plate 241 along its length direction. A connecting rod 243 is slidably disposed in the through slots 242. A limiting block 244 is fixedly disposed in the through slots 242 along its height direction. A sliding hole 245 is formed in the limiting block 244 along the length direction of the through slot 242. An inclined groove 246 is formed on the side wall of the sliding hole 245. A slot is formed on the connecting rod 243 for the limiting block 244 to pass through.

[0029] Two annular plates 251 are fixedly installed on the second support cylinder 25, and the two annular plates 251 are perpendicular to the support plates 241 in the two first support cylinders 24 that are tangent to the second support cylinder 25. The annular plate 251 has an annular groove inside, and multiple sleeve rods 252 are fixedly installed in the annular groove. The sleeve rods 252 are slidably connected to the connecting rod 243. A push block 253 is fixedly installed at the output end of one of the sleeve rods 252 in the annular plate 251. A push rod 254 is fixedly installed on the push block 253. A protrusion 255 is fixedly installed at the output end of the push rod 254. The push rod 254 is slidably installed along the sliding hole 245, and the protrusion 255 is slidably installed along the inclined groove 246. The connecting rod 243 has a slot 2 for the push block 253 to slide.

[0030] An L-shaped plate 256 is slidably disposed in the annular groove. Multiple springs are disposed between the L-shaped plate 256 and the second support cylinder 25. A strip-shaped airbag 257 is fixedly disposed on the L-shaped plate 256, and multiple through holes are formed in the L-shaped plate 256 for the connecting rod 243 and the sleeve rod 252 to pass through. A sloping pushing surface is formed on the bottom side of the L-shaped plate 256 near the first support cylinder 24, allowing the first support cylinder 24 to push the L-shaped plate 256 to slide along the annular groove via this sloping pushing surface.

[0031] Specifically, the multiple support cylinders 25 can be considered as multiple cylinders tangent to the inner side of the elastic sleeve 26. A support cylinder 24 is set between two adjacent support cylinders 25, and the support cylinder 24 is tangent to both support cylinders 25, thus forming a cylindrical support structure composed of multiple support cylinders 24 and support cylinders 25 arranged at intervals. At this time, the multiple support cylinders 24 are driven to slide simultaneously, so that the distance between two adjacent support cylinders 24 increases or decreases. At this time, the support cylinders 25 located between two adjacent support cylinders 24 will be pulled by the connecting plate 27. Therefore, the support cylinders 25 will slide along the surface of the two support cylinders 24 and always maintain a tangent relationship. When the support cylinders 24 slide to the maximum opening distance, the multiple support cylinders 24 and support cylinders 25 will jointly press against the elastic sleeve 26. The inner side of support cylinder 6 supports elastic sleeve 26. When support cylinder 1 24 retracts, it will detach from elastic sleeve 26. There will be a gap between two adjacent support cylinders 25. Therefore, a support plate 241 is slidably installed in support cylinder 1 24. When support cylinder 1 24 detaches from elastic sleeve 26, support plate 241 will slide along support cylinder 1 24 and press against elastic sleeve 26 under the action of connecting rod 243 and sleeve rod 252. That is, support plate 241 will replace support cylinder 1 24 to support elastic sleeve 26, thereby ensuring that there are multiple uniform support points inside elastic sleeve 26 when the cylindrical support structure contracts and expands. This ensures the stability and smoothness of the support. Moreover, this cylindrical support structure can adapt to cable insulation layers of different diameters, that is, it can effectively support cable insulation layers of different diameters.

[0032] In this embodiment, the accelerated aging module includes an environmental simulation chamber, a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit, a voltage loading unit, and a time gradient controller; the monitoring module includes a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, a vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, a gas chromatograph, and a data analysis unit, all mounted on the environmental simulation chamber; the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer is used to detect the breaking and formation of chemical bonds in the basic material units of the cable insulation layer; the vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer is used to capture the peak abundance evolution of ketone and aldehyde molecular ions; the gas chromatograph is used to quantify the concentration of acetaldehyde and acetone small molecule products; and the data analysis unit is used to integrate and process the data transmitted by the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and the gas chromatograph.

[0033] During implementation, the two sliding plates 212 are driven to slide towards both ends of the sliding cavity by a bidirectional reverse screw, causing the two sliders 22 in the same straight groove 211 to move away from each other. Then, the support rod 23 pulls the support cylinder 24 towards the support column 21, causing the cylindrical support structure to be in a contracted state. Subsequently, the low-temperature embrittlement treated cable insulation layer is fitted onto the outside of the elastic sleeve 26, and the two sliding plates 212 are driven to move towards each other, causing the two sliders 22 in the same straight groove 211 to move closer together. The support rod 23 pushes the support cylinder 24 to expand outwards and support it against the inner wall of the cable insulation layer. Support cylinder 25 is tangential to support cylinder 24 and rotatably connected via connecting plate 27. Therefore, when multiple support cylinders 24 slide, they can drive multiple support cylinders 25 to slide together. At the same time, connecting rod 243 slides along sleeve rod 252. Support plate 241 slides and abuts against elastic sleeve 26 under the combined action of connecting rod 243 and sleeve rod 252, thus supporting elastic sleeve 26. Push rod 254 slides along sliding hole 245 and pushes protrusion 255 to slide along inclined groove 246, causing support plate 241 to slide further relative to connecting rod 243. The movement, that is, the limiting block 244 will slide along the slot, that is, the vertical distance from the end of the support plate 241 that abuts against the elastic sleeve 26 to the connecting rod 243 will change. At the same time, the L-shaped plate 256 will slide towards the support plate 241 under the action of the spring. At this time, the L-shaped plate 256 and the annular plate 251 can form a support plate surface between the support cylinder 25 and the support plate 241. By inflating or deflating the strip-shaped airbag 257, the gap between the elastic sleeve 26, the support cylinder 25 and the support plate 241 can be filled, thereby ensuring that the inner side of the elastic sleeve 26 has The support stiffness ensures that the outer surface of the elastic sleeve 26 is a smooth arc surface, thereby ensuring that the elastic sleeve 26 can fit against the inner side of the cable insulation layer for support, avoiding additional compressive stress on the cable insulation layer during cutting, which could lead to microcracks and affect the accuracy of the experimental results. After the support is completed, the cable insulation layer is cut using the cutting component 3 to cut out thin sample pieces. The samples are then placed in an environmental simulation chamber for aging treatment, and the evolution of the basic material units of the insulation layer, such as chemical bonds, molecules, and groups, with aging time is monitored using the monitoring module.

[0034] For ease of understanding, the connecting rod 243 and the sleeve rod 252 can be regarded as a telescopic support rod connecting the centers of the two support cylinders 25. As the support cylinder 25 contracts and expands, the radius of its circumscribed circle will also change. When the radius of the circumscribed circle increases, the maximum vertical distance between the support rod and the circumscribed circle will increase, and when the radius of the circumscribed circle decreases, the maximum vertical distance between the support rod and the circumscribed circle will decrease. In order to eliminate this distance difference and ensure that the support plate 241 can stably support the elastic sleeve 26, a push rod 254 and a limiting block 244 are specially set. When the sleeve rod 252 and the connecting rod 243 slide, the limiting block 244 can slide along the groove under the action of the protrusion 255, thereby ensuring that the supporting end of the support plate 241 is always internally tangent to the elastic sleeve 26 when the cylindrical support structure contracts and expands.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 The cutting assembly 3 includes a fixed ring 31, a rotating ring 32, a movable plate 33, and a cutter 34. The fixed ring 31 is fixedly disposed at the output end of the telescopic rod 12. The rotating ring 32 is rotatably disposed in the fixed ring 31. Multiple movable plates 33 are arranged radially and circumferentially in the rotating ring 32. An arc-shaped cutter 34 is fixedly disposed at the output end of the movable plate 33. An extension ring 321 is fixedly disposed on one side of the rotating ring 32. Multiple telescopic rods 322 are hinged circumferentially on the extension ring 321. A connecting ring 323 is fixedly disposed at the output end of the telescopic rods 322. A drive rod 331 is fixedly disposed on the movable plate 33. The drive rod 331 penetrates the rotating ring 32, and the rotating ring 32 has a slot 3 for the drive rod 331 to slide. The connecting ring 323 is rotatably connected to the drive rod 331.

[0036] During the cutting operation, the position of the fixed ring 31 is adjusted by the telescopic rod 12, and then the telescopic rod 222 is controlled to push the moving plate 33 to move radially, so that the cutter 34 slides toward the elastic sleeve 26, that is, it cuts the cable insulation layer radially. When the cutter 34 penetrates the cable insulation layer, it drives the rotating ring 32 to rotate, so that the rotating ring 32 drives multiple cutters 34 to rotate along the cable insulation layer and cut it in a ring. During this process, the cylindrical support structure will always support the cable to prevent the cable from generating micro-cracks, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the experiment.

[0037] In summary, when implemented, this invention utilizes a dynamically adjustable cylindrical support structure composed of multiple support cylinders 24, support cylinders 25, elastic sleeves 26, support plates 241, connecting rods 243, and sleeve rods 252. This structure enables full-circumferential adaptive support of the cable insulation layer during the cutting process. Furthermore, the inclusion of push rods 254, inclined grooves 246, limiting blocks 244, and strip-shaped airbags 257 ensures a continuous, uninterrupted rigid support surface on the inner side of the elastic sleeve 26. This, in turn, ensures a smooth, arc-shaped surface on the outer surface of the elastic sleeve 26, guaranteeing a tight fit between the elastic sleeve 26 and the inner wall of the insulation layer. This eliminates localized stress concentration, further preventing micro-cracks during cutting and effectively improving the accuracy of aging test data. Moreover, the variable-diameter cylindrical support structure can adapt to cable insulation layers of different diameters, allowing for non-destructive cutting of various cable insulation layers using the cutting module, and generating standardized thin-film samples.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An accelerated aging test device for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis, characterized in that, It includes a sampling and cutting module, an accelerated aging module and a monitoring module. The sampling and cutting module includes a fixed plate (1), a support component (2) and a cutting component (3). The support component (2) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (1) through multiple fixed rods (11), and the cutting component (3) is slidably connected to the fixed plate (1) through multiple telescopic rods (12). The support assembly (2) includes a support column (21), a slider (22), a support rod (23), a first support cylinder (24), a second support cylinder (25), and an elastic sleeve (26). The support column (21) is fixedly mounted on the fixed rod (11). The outer surface of the support column (21) has multiple straight grooves (211) arranged axially and circumferentially. Two sliders (22) are slidably mounted in the straight grooves (211). A support rod (23) is hinged to each slider (22). The same straight groove (211) The other end of the support rod (23) on the two sliders (22) in 211) is hinged to the same support cylinder (24), and a support cylinder (25) is provided between two adjacent support cylinders (24). The support cylinders (24) and the support cylinders (25) are tangentially connected and rotatably connected by the connecting plate (27). Multiple support cylinders (24) and support cylinders (25) together form a cylindrical support structure. The elastic sleeve (26) is wrapped around the outside of this cylindrical support structure.

2. The accelerated aging test equipment for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support column (21) has a sliding cavity inside. A sliding plate (212) is driven to slide in opposite directions in the sliding cavity by a bidirectional reverse screw. Multiple extension rods (213) are arranged radially and circumferentially on the sliding plate (212). The extension rods (213) penetrate the straight groove (211) and are fixedly connected to the slider (22). Two sliders (22) in the same straight groove (211) are respectively fixedly connected to the extension rods (213) of different sliding plates (212).

3. The accelerated aging test equipment for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support plate (241) is slidably arranged in the support cylinder (24) along the radial direction of the support column (21). Multiple through slots (242) are arrayed on the support plate (241) along its length direction. A connecting rod (243) is slidably arranged in the through slot (242). A limiting block (244) is fixedly arranged in the through slot (242) along its height direction. A sliding hole (245) is opened in the limiting block (244) along the length direction of the through slot (242). An inclined groove (246) is opened on the side wall of the sliding hole (245). A slot is opened on the connecting rod (243) for the limiting block (244) to pass through. Two annular plates (251) are fixedly installed on the second support cylinder (25), and the two annular plates (251) are respectively perpendicular to the support plates (241) in the two first support cylinders (24) that are tangent to the second support cylinder (25). The annular plate (251) has an annular groove inside, and a plurality of sleeve rods (252) are fixedly installed in the annular groove. The sleeve rods (252) are slidably connected to the connecting rod (243), and one of the annular plates (251) is fixedly installed in the groove. A push block (253) is fixedly installed at the output end of the sleeve rod (252) in 1). A push rod (254) is fixedly installed on the push block (253). A protrusion (255) is fixedly installed at the output end of the push rod (254). The push rod (254) is slidably installed along the sliding hole (245). The protrusion (255) is slidably installed along the inclined groove (246). A slot 2 is opened on the connecting rod (243) for the push block (253) to slide.

4. The accelerated aging test equipment for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, An L-shaped plate (256) is slidably disposed in the annular groove. Multiple springs are disposed between the L-shaped plate (256) and the second support cylinder (25). A strip-shaped airbag (257) is fixedly disposed on the L-shaped plate (256). Multiple through holes are provided in the L-shaped plate (256) for the connecting rod (243) and the sleeve rod (252) to pass through.

5. The accelerated aging test equipment for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the L-shaped plate (256) near the support cylinder (24) has an inclined pushing surface, through which the support cylinder (24) can push the L-shaped plate (256) to slide along the annular groove.

6. The accelerated aging test equipment for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting assembly (3) includes a fixed ring (31), a rotating ring (32), a moving plate (33), and a cutter (34). The fixed ring (31) is fixedly disposed at the output end of the telescopic rod (12). The rotating ring (32) is rotatably disposed in the fixed ring (31). Multiple moving plates (33) are arranged radially and circumferentially in the rotating ring (32). An arc-shaped cutter (34) is fixedly disposed at the output end of the moving plate (33).

7. The accelerated aging test equipment for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis according to claim 6, characterized in that, An extension ring (321) is fixedly provided on one side of the rotating ring (32), and multiple telescopic rods (322) are hinged along the circumferential direction on the extension ring (321). A connecting ring (323) is fixedly provided at the output end of the telescopic rods (322). A drive rod (331) is fixedly installed on the movable plate (33). The drive rod (331) penetrates the rotating ring (32), and the rotating ring (32) has a slot for the drive rod (331) to slide. The connecting ring (323) is rotatably connected to the drive rod (331).

8. The accelerated aging test equipment for cable insulation layer for spectroscopic feature analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accelerated aging module includes an environmental simulation chamber, a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit, a voltage loading unit, and a time gradient controller. The monitoring module includes a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, a vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, a gas chromatograph, and a data analysis unit, all mounted on the environmental simulation chamber. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer is used to detect the breaking and formation of chemical bonds in the basic material units of the cable insulation layer. The vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer is used to capture the peak abundance evolution of ketone and aldehyde molecular ions; The gas chromatograph is used to quantify the concentrations of acetaldehyde and acetone small molecule products. The data analysis unit is used to integrate and process the data transmitted from the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and the gas chromatograph.

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