Optimal tilt angle determination method for photovoltaic power station assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of photovoltaic power station component optimal inclination value method, comprising: construction two groups of conditions same photovoltaic component, one group is fixed inclination, another group is adjustable inclination;Set adjustable inclination range;Respectively, the power generation of each adjustable inclination and fixed inclination photovoltaic component is counted in a day, and the power generation gain ratio is calculated;According to the calculated power generation gain ratio, eliminate invalid inclination, form effective inclination set;According to effective inclination set, set inclination adjustment frequency according to solstice demarcation time period;Month time period and inclination matching are carried out;The power generation gain ratio of each solstice time period, month each effective inclination cumulative is calculated;The inclination of the maximum power generation gain ratio of each solstice time period, month cumulative is counted;Compare component adjustment inclination and time range when output power generation gain is maximum.The application realizes to give out group string inclination adjustment period, angle best strategy when power generation gain optimal is targeted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power station module tilt angle design; in particular, it relates to a method for determining the optimal tilt angle of photovoltaic power station modules. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, for determining the tilt angle of photovoltaic power plant modules, design units typically use data sources such as SolarGIS, Meteonorm, and NASA to simulate solar radiation at the proposed site. They then combine this with PVsyst software to simulate and calculate solar radiation loss under different azimuth angles and module tilt angles, thereby determining the optimal tilt angle for the fixed-support photovoltaic array. However, the data sources used in solar radiation simulations often have sparse observation densities, relying primarily on data from ground-based meteorological stations. These stations are often obstructed and located far from the proposed site, leading to significant deviations in the interpolated solar radiation values. This results in substantial differences in the obtained optimal tilt angles for the modules, even for the same region, with different data sources yielding different optimal tilt angles.

[0003] Patent document CN 107482992A discloses a power plant-level photovoltaic tilt angle optimization method that considers economic factors. It employs a genetic algorithm, with the lowest unit cost electricity price as the optimization objective, to solve the optimization model of the photovoltaic power plant. The optimal tilt angle is the photovoltaic array tilt angle obtained when the unit cost electricity price is lowest. However, the optimal tilt angle of the photovoltaic array cannot only consider the lowest unit cost electricity price; it also depends on comprehensive factors such as power generation and losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a method for determining the optimal tilt angle of photovoltaic power plant modules. This addresses the technical challenge of existing fixed-tilt photovoltaic modules, which cannot adapt to seasonal changes in solar altitude angle and thus fail to meet the demand for maximizing economical power generation. This patent starts with different solar terms and months, calculates the cumulative power generation gain ratio for a set of effective tilt angles, and outputs the module tilt angle adjustment and time range for maximizing power generation gain, facilitating practical application.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for determining the optimal tilt angle of photovoltaic power plant modules, characterized by comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Construct two sets of photovoltaic modules with identical conditions, one set with a fixed tilt angle and the other set with an adjustable tilt angle;

[0008] Step 2: Based on the adjustable tilt angle in Step 1, set the adjustable tilt angle range;

[0009] Step 3: Based on the adjustable tilt angle range set in Step 2, calculate the daily power generation of each adjustable tilt angle and fixed tilt angle photovoltaic module, and calculate the power generation gain ratio.

[0010] Step 4: Based on the power generation gain ratio calculated in Step 3, eliminate invalid tilt angles to form an effective tilt angle set;

[0011] Step 5: Define time periods according to the solar terms, and form an effective tilt angle set based on Step 4, and set the tilt angle adjustment frequency;

[0012] Step 6: Match the monthly time period and tilt angle according to the time period and tilt adjustment frequency defined in Step 5;

[0013] Step 7: Based on the effective tilt angle set in Step 4, the tilt angle adjustment frequency set in Step 5, and the time matching results in Step 6, calculate the cumulative power generation gain ratio of each effective tilt angle for each solar term period and month.

[0014] Step 8: Based on the results of Step 7, calculate the tilt angle with the largest cumulative power generation gain ratio for each solar term period and month;

[0015] Step 9: Based on the results of Step 8, compare the tilt angle and time range of the module when the output power generation gain is maximized. If the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic module does not match the tilt angle with the largest cumulative power generation gain ratio for the corresponding time range obtained in Step 8, then adjust the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic module to the tilt angle with the largest cumulative power generation gain ratio. Alternatively, adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module for future time periods to the tilt angle with the largest cumulative power generation gain ratio for the corresponding time period obtained in Step 8.

[0016] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention may also employ the following further technical solutions, or combine these further technical solutions:

[0017] The fixed tilt angle described in step 1 is the latitude value of the photovoltaic power station construction location;

[0018] Step 2 describes setting the adjustable tilt angle range. Within the adjustable tilt angle range [0°, 90°], starting from 0°, the tilt angle increases in increments of 6°, i.e., the first angle is 0°, the second angle is 6°, the third angle is 12°, and so on until 90°.

[0019] Step 3 involves calculating the power generation gain ratio, and the calculation expression is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula: The adjustable tilt angle is Hourly power generation gain value; The adjustable tilt angle is Daily power generation; To fix the tilt angle Daily power generation.

[0022] Step 4 involves identifying and eliminating invalid tilt angles to form a set of valid tilt angles. Based on the calculation results from step 3, if... This indicates that the adjustable tilt angle is... If the power generation is lower than the fixed tilt angle, it is considered an invalid tilt angle and is discarded; otherwise, the adjustable tilt angles are retained, forming a set of valid tilt angles.

[0023]

[0024] In the formula: The set of effective tilt angles (unit: °); The photovoltaic modules are respectively One effective tilt angle.

[0025] The time period defined in step 5 is shown in Table 1:

[0026]

[0027] The frequency of tilt angle adjustment mentioned in step 5 is set as follows:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula: The number of adjustable tilt angles; This is an integer function; These represent the maximum and minimum effective angles; the set of effective tilt angles. Zhongruo When the maximum and minimum values ​​are 90° and 0° respectively, then It has 15 adjustable tilt angles; For the first Frequency of tilt adjustment within a specific time period; For the first Duration of each time period; The first Maximum and minimum values ​​for each time period.

[0030] Step 5 describes setting the angle adjustment frequency. For example, in Table 1, the first time period is from January 28th to February 12th. If they are February 12th and January 28th respectively, then... That is, lasting for 16 days; if The frequency of tilt adjustment This means adjusting the effective tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules every two days. For example, from January 28th to January 29th, the tilt angle was adjusted to... Therefore, from January 30th to January 31st, the tilt angle needs to be adjusted to... And so on.

[0031] Step 6 involves matching the monthly time period and tilt angle:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula: For the first Monthly statistics; The 24 solar terms belong to the first Date of the month; for The tilt angle corresponding to the date.

[0034] Step 7 describes the calculation of the cumulative power generation gain ratio for each solar term period and each month at each tilt angle:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula: For the first Each solar term tilt angle Cumulative power generation gain ratio; , respectively the tilt angle Design daily power generation at a fixed tilt angle; For the first Monthly tilt angle Cumulative power generation gain ratio; , The first The solar term, the first Monthly tilt angle The number of days it lasts.

[0037] Step 8 describes the tilt angle at which the cumulative power generation gain ratio is maximized for each solar term period and month, as follows: , .

[0038] Step 9 involves comparing the tilt angle and time range of the component when the output power generation gain is at its maximum.

[0039]

[0040] In the formula: For the first The maximum cumulative power generation gain ratio in the effective tilt angle set of each solar term; For the first The solar term is in the 1st The maximum cumulative power generation gain ratio for each effective tilt angle over a month; This indicates that the fixed tilt angle of the photovoltaic module will be optimized to... And the duration is the first The entire period of each solar term; This indicates that the fixed tilt angle of the photovoltaic module will be optimized to... And the duration is the first The entire period of each month.

[0041] Existing technologies for selecting the optimal tilt angle of photovoltaic modules are based on design simulations using relatively coarse radiation intensity values, which have a relatively large error compared to actual conditions. This invention constructs two sets of photovoltaic modules with identical conditions: one with a fixed tilt angle and the other with a fixed but adjustable tilt angle. By setting the adjustable tilt angle range and combining it with the power generation gain ratio, an effective tilt angle set is formed. The tilt angle adjustment frequency is set according to the solar terms, and monthly time periods and tilt angles are matched. The cumulative power generation gain ratio of each effective tilt angle for each solar term and month is calculated, and the tilt angle with the largest power generation gain ratio is statistically analyzed. The module adjustment tilt angle and time range when the power generation gain is maximized are output. This invention effectively overcomes the limitations of the previous fixed tilt angle method for photovoltaic modules, which cannot change with seasonal solar altitude angles and cannot meet the demand for maximizing economical power generation. Furthermore, the operation process of this invention is relatively simple and can be effectively applied to the selection of optimal tilt angle values ​​for photovoltaic power plant modules. When the goal is to maximize power generation gain, it provides the optimal strategy for string tilt angle adjustment cycle and angle. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for matching months according to the solar term period of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method for adjusting the tilt angle and time range of a component when the power generation gain is at its maximum, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the present invention provides a method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module, comprising:

[0046] Step 1: Construct two sets of photovoltaic modules with identical conditions, one set with a fixed tilt angle and the other set with an adjustable tilt angle;

[0047] Step 2: Based on the adjustable tilt angle in Step 1, set the adjustable tilt angle range;

[0048] Step 3: Based on the adjustable tilt angle range set in Step 2, calculate the daily power generation of each adjustable tilt angle and fixed tilt angle photovoltaic module, and calculate the power generation gain ratio.

[0049] Step 4: Based on the power generation gain ratio calculated in Step 3, eliminate invalid tilt angles to form an effective tilt angle set;

[0050] Step 5: Define time periods according to the solar terms, and form an effective tilt angle set based on Step 4, and set the tilt angle adjustment frequency;

[0051] Step 6: Match the monthly time period and tilt angle according to the time period and tilt adjustment frequency defined in Step 5;

[0052] Step 7: Based on the effective tilt angle set in Step 4, the tilt angle adjustment frequency set in Step 5, and the time matching results in Step 6, calculate the cumulative power generation gain ratio of each effective tilt angle for each solar term period and month.

[0053] Step 8: Based on the results of Step 7, calculate the tilt angle with the largest cumulative power generation gain ratio for each solar term period and month;

[0054] Step 9: Based on the results of Step 8, compare the tilt angle and time range of the module when the output power generation gain is maximized. If the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic module does not match the tilt angle with the largest cumulative power generation gain ratio for the corresponding time range obtained in Step 8, then adjust the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic module to the tilt angle with the largest cumulative power generation gain ratio. Alternatively, adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module for future time periods to the tilt angle with the largest cumulative power generation gain ratio for the corresponding time period obtained in Step 8.

[0055] The fixed tilt angle design method described in step 1 refers to the latitude value of the photovoltaic power station construction location;

[0056] Step 2 describes setting the adjustable tilt angle range. Within the adjustable tilt angle range [0°, 90°], starting from the tilt angle of 0°, the angle increases in increments of 6°, i.e., the first angle is 0°, the second angle is 6°, the third angle is 12°, and so on until 90°.

[0057] Step 3 involves calculating the power generation gain ratio, and the calculation expression is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula: The adjustable tilt angle is Hourly power generation gain value; The adjustable tilt angle is Daily power generation; To fix the tilt angle Daily power generation.

[0060] Step 4 involves identifying and eliminating invalid tilt angles to form a set of valid tilt angles. Based on the calculation results from step 3, if... This indicates that the adjustable tilt angle is... If the power generation is lower than the fixed tilt angle, it is considered an invalid tilt angle and is discarded; otherwise, the adjustable tilt angles are retained, forming a set of valid tilt angles.

[0061]

[0062] In the formula: The set of effective tilt angles (unit: °); The photovoltaic modules are respectively One effective tilt angle.

[0063] The time period defined in step 5 is shown in Table 1:

[0064]

[0065] The frequency of tilt angle adjustment mentioned in step 5 is set as follows:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula: The number of adjustable tilt angles; This is an integer function; These represent the maximum and minimum effective angles; the set of effective tilt angles. Zhongruo When the maximum and minimum values ​​are 90° and 0° respectively, then It has 15 adjustable tilt angles; For the first Frequency of tilt adjustment within a specific time period; For the first Duration of each time period; The first Maximum and minimum values ​​for each time period.

[0068] Step 5 describes setting the angle adjustment frequency. For example, in Table 1, the first time period is from January 28th to February 12th. If they are February 12th and January 28th respectively, then... That is, lasting for 16 days; if The frequency of tilt adjustment This means adjusting the effective tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules every two days. For example, from January 28th to January 29th, the tilt angle was adjusted to... Therefore, from January 30th to January 31st, the tilt angle needs to be adjusted to... And so on.

[0069] Step 6 involves matching the monthly time period and tilt angle:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula: For the first Monthly statistics; The 24 solar terms belong to the first Date of the month; for The tilt angle corresponding to the date.

[0072] Step 7 describes the calculation of the cumulative power generation gain ratio for each solar term period and each month at each tilt angle:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula: For the first Each solar term tilt angle Cumulative power generation gain ratio; , respectively the tilt angle Design daily power generation at a fixed tilt angle; For the first Monthly tilt angle Cumulative power generation gain ratio; , The first The solar term, the first Monthly tilt angle The number of days it lasts.

[0075] Step 8 describes the tilt angle at which the cumulative power generation gain ratio is maximized for each solar term period and month, as follows: , .

[0076] Step 9 involves comparing the tilt angle and time range of the component when the output power generation gain is at its maximum.

[0077]

[0078] In the formula: For the first The maximum cumulative power generation gain ratio in the effective tilt angle set of each solar term; For the first The solar term is in the 1st The maximum cumulative power generation gain ratio for each effective tilt angle over a month; This indicates that the fixed tilt angle of the photovoltaic module will be optimized to... And the duration is the first The entire period of each solar term; This indicates that the fixed tilt angle of the photovoltaic module will be optimized to... And the duration is the first The entire period of each month.

[0079] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below:

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, the process of matching months according to the solar term time period of the present invention is as follows: (1) For example, for solar term 1, the effective tilt angles 1, 2, ..., and n, the corresponding power generation is p11, p12, ..., p1n respectively. For example, for solar term 1, the effective tilt angles 1, 2, ..., and n, the corresponding power generation is p21, p22, ..., p2n respectively. (2) According to the date corresponding to each tilt angle, determine the month to which it belongs and classify it. Then, according to the statistics of the month after classification, the power generation corresponding to the effective tilt angles 1, 2, ..., and n is p11+p21, p12+p22, ..., p1n+p2n respectively.

[0081] like Figure 3 As shown, the method for adjusting the tilt angle and time range of a component when the power generation gain is maximized according to the present invention is as follows: (1) Calculate the cumulative power generation gain ratio of different effective tilt angles within each solar term; (2) Calculate the maximum gain ratio and corresponding tilt angle of the cumulative power generation of different effective tilt angles within each solar term; (3) Calculate the maximum gain ratio and corresponding tilt angle of the cumulative power generation of different effective tilt angles for each month according to the month; (4) Compare the maximum cumulative power generation gain calculated according to the solar term with the maximum power generation gain of the month in which the solar term is located; if the solar term statistical result is greater than the month, then adjust the tilt angle within the solar term period to the tilt angle corresponding to the maximum gain ratio of the cumulative power generation of the solar term, so that the power generation within the solar term period reaches the optimal level; otherwise, adjust the tilt angle according to the monthly statistical result. For example, in solar term 1, assuming that when the tilt angle is 18°, the maximum cumulative power generation gain is 20%, and then if solar term 1 belongs to February, and assuming that the maximum cumulative power generation gain is 18% when the tilt angle is 24° in February, then adjusting the fixed tilt angle to 18° during the period of solar term 1 can achieve the optimal power generation gain; otherwise, assuming that the maximum cumulative power generation gain is 22% when the tilt angle is 24° in February, then adjusting the fixed tilt angle to 24° throughout the entire period of February can achieve the optimal power generation gain.

Claims

1. A method for determining the optimal tilt angle of photovoltaic power plant modules, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Construct two sets of photovoltaic modules with identical conditions, one set with a fixed tilt angle and the other set with an adjustable tilt angle; Step 2: Based on the adjustable tilt angle in Step 1, set the adjustable tilt angle range; Step 3: Based on the adjustable tilt angle range set in Step 2, calculate the daily power generation of each adjustable tilt angle and fixed tilt angle photovoltaic module, and calculate the power generation gain ratio. Step 4: Based on the power generation gain ratio calculated in Step 3, eliminate invalid tilt angles to form an effective tilt angle set; Step 5: Define time periods according to the solar terms, and form an effective tilt angle set based on Step 4, and set the tilt angle adjustment frequency; Step 6: Match the monthly time period and tilt angle according to the time period and tilt adjustment frequency defined in Step 5; Step 7: Based on the effective tilt angle set in Step 4, the tilt angle adjustment frequency set in Step 5, and the time matching results in Step 6, calculate the cumulative power generation gain ratio of each effective tilt angle for each solar term period and month. Step 8: Based on the results of Step 7, calculate the tilt angle with the largest cumulative power generation gain ratio for each solar term period and month; Step 9: Based on the results of Step 8, compare the tilt angle and time range of the component when the output power generation gain is at its maximum.

2. The method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed tilt angle mentioned in step 1 is the latitude value of the photovoltaic power station construction location; the adjustable tilt angle range mentioned in step 2 is [0°, 90°], starting from the tilt angle of 0°, increasing in increments of 6°, that is, the first angle is 0°, the second angle is 6°, the third angle is 12°, and so on until 90°.

3. The method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 3 involves calculating the power generation gain ratio, and the calculation expression is as follows: In the formula: The tilt angle is adjustable. Hourly power generation gain value; The tilt angle is adjustable. Daily power generation; To fix the tilt angle Daily power generation.

4. The method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step 4 involves identifying and eliminating invalid tilt angles to form a set of valid tilt angles. Based on the calculation results from step 3, if... This indicates that the adjustable tilt angle is... If the power generation is lower than the fixed tilt angle, it is an invalid tilt angle and should be discarded. Otherwise, retain the adjustable tilt angle and form an effective tilt angle set: In the formula, The set of effective tilt angles, in degrees. For photovoltaic modules One effective tilt angle.

5. The method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The time period defined in step 5 is shown in Table 1:

6. The method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency of tilt angle adjustment mentioned in step 5 is set as follows: In the formula: The number of adjustable tilt angles; This is an integer function; These represent the maximum and minimum effective angles; the set of effective tilt angles. Zhongruo When the maximum and minimum values ​​are 90° and 0° respectively, then It has 15 adjustable tilt angles; For the first Frequency of tilt adjustment within a specific time period; For the first Duration of each time period; The first Maximum and minimum values ​​for each time period.

7. The method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 6, which involves matching the monthly time period and tilt angle, specifically includes: In the formula: For the first Monthly statistics; The 24 solar terms belong to the first Date of the month; for The tilt angle corresponding to the date.

8. The method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 7, which involves calculating the cumulative power generation gain ratio for each solar term period and each month at each tilt angle, specifically involves: In the formula: For the first Each solar term tilt angle Cumulative power generation gain ratio; , respectively the tilt angle Design daily power generation at a fixed tilt angle; For the first Monthly tilt angle Cumulative power generation gain ratio; , The first The solar term, the first Monthly tilt angle The number of days it lasts.

9. The method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 8 describes the tilt angle at which the cumulative power generation gain ratio is maximized for each solar term period and month, as follows: , .

10. The method for determining the optimal tilt angle of a photovoltaic power station module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 9 involves comparing the tilt angle and time range of the component when the output power generation gain is at its maximum. In the formula: For the first The maximum cumulative power generation gain ratio in the effective tilt angle set of each solar term; For the first The solar term is in the 1st The maximum cumulative power generation gain ratio for each effective tilt angle over a month; This indicates that the fixed tilt angle of the photovoltaic module will be optimized to... And the duration is the first The entire period of each solar term; This indicates that the fixed tilt angle of the photovoltaic module will be optimized to... And the duration is the first The entire period of each month.

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