A supercapacitor

Abstract

The application provides a super capacitor, which comprises a shell and a top cover, the top cover is connected to the shell to form a containing cavity, the top cover is provided with a strong current terminal group and a weak current terminal group which are arranged at intervals, the top cover is provided with an insulation isolation structure between the strong current terminal group and the weak current terminal group, the top cover is provided with a through hole, each terminal in each terminal group is arranged in the through hole through an insulation through member, a sealing element is arranged between the insulation through member and the hole wall of the through hole, the top cover is provided with a laminated conductive assembly which comprises a first conductive element, a second conductive element and an insulation partition plate which are arranged in layers, and the strong current terminal group is electrically connected with the laminated conductive assembly. The above structure realizes the partition isolation of the strong current and the weak current, improves the sealing reliability of the terminal through the wall, organizes the current transition path of the laminated conductive assembly to reduce the loop area and the parasitic inductance, reduces the connection voltage drop, improves the anti-interference and assembly consistency, enhances the electric connection stability and the overall reliability under the vibration and thermal cycle conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical technology, and more particularly to a supercapacitor. Background Technology

[0002] Stacked supercapacitors are a type of electrochemical energy storage device. They are typically formed by stacking multiple electrode and separator layers to create a capacitor unit. The required voltage and capacity are obtained by connecting them in series or parallel. They are widely used in applications such as vehicle start-stop and energy recovery, pulse power support, industrial power supply buffering, and UPS. In addition to high-current charging and discharging, they are often used in engineering applications for voltage, temperature, and series intermediate node status monitoring.

[0003] Existing products generally use a housing to encapsulate the stacked unit, and set electrical connection parts at the end or outside of the housing to realize the main circuit conduction and fixed installation. When monitoring, equalization or management is required, corresponding detection lead-out methods are usually set to connect with external acquisition / control circuits. Internally, current transfer and collection are completed through conductive components, and insulation, protection and sealing measures are provided to meet the requirements of voltage resistance and environmental adaptability.

[0004] However, when the main circuit and the detection channel coexist on the same device, they are prone to creepage and contamination risks due to dust, moisture, contaminant films and assembly residues. Furthermore, the connection points are not well sealed under vibration, assembly deviation and thermal cycling conditions. At the same time, long internal transition / bus paths or large circuit areas can lead to increased parasitic inductance. Assembly tolerances and thermal cycling may also cause inconsistent contact resistance. In addition, the intermediate node sampling / equalization path relies on external wiring and multiple connection points. Insufficient structural protection leads to complex connections and reduced reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a supercapacitor to solve the above problems.

[0006] An embodiment of this application provides a supercapacitor, including a housing and a top cover, wherein the top cover is closedly connected to the housing to form a receiving cavity: The top cover is provided with high-voltage terminal groups and low-voltage terminal groups arranged at intervals between each other; The top cover is provided with an insulating isolation structure located between the high-voltage terminal group and the low-voltage terminal group; The top cover is provided with through holes for each terminal to pass through. Each terminal in each terminal group passes through the through hole via an insulating through member. A sealing element is provided between the insulating through member and the wall of the through hole. The top cover is provided with a stacked conductive assembly, which includes a first conductive element and a second conductive element stacked on top of each other, and an insulating partition sandwiched between the first conductive element and the second conductive element. The high-voltage terminal group is electrically connected to the stacked conductive assembly. In at least one embodiment of this application, a busbar receiving portion is provided on the inner side of the top cover, and the stacked conductive component is disposed in the busbar receiving portion. The busbar receiving portion and the top cover together define a space for accommodating the stacked conductive component.

[0007] In at least one embodiment of this application, the receiving cavity is provided with a stacked capacitor unit assembly, the stacked capacitor unit assembly including a first stacked unit and a second stacked unit arranged at intervals between each other.

[0008] In at least one embodiment of this application, a crimping conductive assembly is provided on the inner side of the top cover, the crimping conductive assembly including a pressing member, an elastic pre-tightening member and a conductive elastic connector; The clamping member and the conductive elastic connector are disposed opposite to each other, and the elastic pre-tightening member is sandwiched between the clamping member and the conductive elastic connector; The conductive elastic connector is located between the electrical connection ends of the stacked conductive assembly and the stacked capacitor unit assembly.

[0009] In at least one embodiment of this application, a node isolation portion is provided between the first stacked unit and the second stacked unit, and the node isolation portion surrounds a node receiving cavity; The node receiving cavity is provided with a node busbar, which is electrically connected to the low-voltage terminal group.

[0010] In at least one embodiment of this application, the conductive elastic connector is provided with an elastic deformation portion, which is configured to generate elastic deformation under the compression fit between the clamping member and the stacked conductive assembly.

[0011] In at least one embodiment of this application, the insulating through member includes an insulating sleeve portion sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding terminal and a limiting portion that cooperates with the through hole, and the sealing member includes a first sealing member and a second sealing member that seal with the wall of the through hole, the first sealing member and the second sealing member being located on opposite sides of the through hole respectively.

[0012] In at least one embodiment of this application, the high-voltage terminal group includes two positive terminals and two negative terminals, and the low-voltage terminal group includes at least one intermediate node terminal and at least one sampling terminal.

[0013] In at least one embodiment of this application, the node bus is electrically connected to the low-voltage terminal group via a lead-out connection portion, and the node isolation portion is provided with a lead-out channel portion for the lead-out connection portion to pass through.

[0014] In at least one embodiment of this application, the high-voltage terminal group and the low-voltage terminal group are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the top cover, and the insulating isolation structure extends along the top cover.

[0015] Implementing a supercapacitor according to this embodiment will have at least the following beneficial effects: The supercapacitor described above arranges high-voltage and low-voltage terminal groups separately on the top cover and sets up an insulating isolation structure between them. At the same time, insulating through-hole components and seals are used at the through holes of each terminal to form a through-wall insulating-sealed composite interface, so that the main circuit and the detection channel are effectively isolated in structure and the terminal leads have reliable sealing. Furthermore, the current transition path is organized on the inside of the top cover by the stacked conductive components, which shortens the circuit and reduces the circuit area, thereby reducing parasitic inductance and connection voltage drop, improving connection consistency and anti-interference ability under high current conditions, and thus improving the electrical connection stability and overall reliability under long-term vibration and thermal cycling conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] in: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a supercapacitor in one embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal cross-sectional structure of a supercapacitor in one embodiment; Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of a supercapacitor in one embodiment; Figure 4 In one embodiment Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0018] Explanation of key component symbols: 100. A supercapacitor; 10. Housing; 20. Top cover; 21. High-voltage terminal group; 22. Low-voltage terminal group; 23. Insulating isolation structure; 24. Insulating through member; 241. Insulating sleeve portion; 242. Limiting portion; 25. Sealing element; 251. First sealing element; 252. Second sealing element; 30. Busbar receiving portion; 31. Stacked conductive assembly; 311. First conductive element; 312. Second conductive element; 313. 40. Insulating partition; 41. Receiving cavity; 42. Laminated capacitor unit assembly; 43. First laminated unit; 44. Second laminated unit; 45. Electrical connection end; 56. Crimping conductive assembly; 57. Clamping member; 58. Elastic pre-tightening member; 59. Conductive elastic connector; 50. Elastic deformation part; 61. Node isolation part; 62. Node receiving cavity; 63. Node busbar; 64. Lead-out connection part; 65. Lead-out channel part. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] For easier understanding, please refer to Figures 1-4 This application provides a supercapacitor 100, including a housing 10 and a top cover 20. The top cover 20 is closedly connected to the housing 10 to form a receiving cavity 40. The housing 10 serves to form an external load-bearing and protective shell and to provide circumferential support for the receiving cavity 40. The top cover 20 serves to form the end sealing interface of the receiving cavity 40 and to serve as a load-bearing platform for terminals and conductive structures. The top cover 20 and the housing 10 form a circumferentially continuous closed boundary at their respective connection peripheries, so that the receiving cavity 40 constitutes a relatively independent sealed space. This reduces the risk of performance drift caused by external moisture, dust, etc. entering the receiving cavity 40 and the evaporation of the medium inside the receiving cavity 40, and provides stable sealing boundary and structural constraints for subsequent testing or use.

[0021] Furthermore, the closed connection between the top cover 20 and the housing 10 allows the terminal mounting area, sealing area and conductive transition area to be centrally arranged on the top cover 20, which facilitates assembly positioning and consistency control, and helps to improve structural stability and sealing performance under vibration and impact conditions.

[0022] Specifically, the top cover 20 is provided with a high-voltage terminal group 21 and a low-voltage terminal group 22 arranged at intervals. The high-voltage terminal group 21 is used to provide an electrical connection interface for the main circuit carrying high current charging and discharging, while the low-voltage terminal group 22 is used to provide a signal connection interface for detection, sampling, identification, or control. The high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22 are arranged at intervals on the top cover 20, so that the power circuit and the signal circuit form a clear spatial partition. This reduces the risk of electric / magnetic field coupling and noise injection of the low-voltage signal by the high-voltage circuit under the condition of rapid change of high current, and also reduces the risk of mis-insertion and misconnection and cross wiring during assembly and wiring.

[0023] It should be noted that the number and arrangement of the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22 can be set according to the external interface requirements, but the spacing between the two on the top cover 20 is used to ensure that the high-voltage and low-voltage circuits are basically separated at the structural level.

[0024] Furthermore, the top cover 20 is provided with an insulating isolation structure 23 located between the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22. The insulating isolation structure 23 is positioned between the two sets of terminals, forming a continuous or substantially continuous insulating barrier boundary. This stabilizes and increases the creepage path and electrical clearance between the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22, thereby suppressing surface leakage current and creepage discharge risks under adverse conditions such as high humidity, dust, condensation, or contaminant film adhesion. Structurally, it forms a barrier and protective boundary around the low-voltage terminal group 22, reducing the impact of thermal effects, contamination bridging, or occasional conductive foreign objects crossing the high-voltage terminal group 21 area on the low-voltage terminal group 22. This improves the electrical safety margin and the stability of low-voltage signals under conditions of coexistence of high and low voltage signals. The insulating isolation structure 23, in conjunction with the spacing arrangement of the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22, ensures that isolation relies not only on distance but also on a fixed isolation path through a physical insulating boundary, thereby enhancing the long-term reliability and environmental adaptability of the terminal area.

[0025] Furthermore, the top cover 20 is provided with through holes 26 for each terminal to pass through. Each terminal in each terminal group passes through the through hole 26 via an insulating through member 24. A sealing member 25 is provided between the insulating through member 24 and the wall of the through hole 26. The through hole 26 is opened in the top cover 20 and corresponds to each terminal in the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22. Each terminal extends from the outside of the top cover 20 through the corresponding through hole 26 to the inside of the top cover 20, so as to realize the through arrangement of external interface and internal conductive transition. The insulating through member 24 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the terminal and located between the terminal and the wall of the through hole 26, so that a continuous insulating isolation interface is formed between the terminal and the top cover 20, thereby avoiding the generation of unexpected conductive paths between the terminal and the top cover 20, and maintaining a stable insulating boundary under assembly tolerance, thermal expansion and contraction or vibration fretting conditions, improving the withstand voltage and creepage resistance of the terminal through-wall area.

[0026] In one specific embodiment, the sealing element 25 is disposed between the insulating through member 24 and the wall of the through hole 26 and continuously fits in the circumferential direction, so that the terminal through position forms a circumferential seal, thereby reducing the risk of medium exchange and leakage inside and outside the cavity 40, and improving the sealing retention capability and reliability of the terminal through wall part under temperature change, mechanical vibration and long-term aging conditions.

[0027] Furthermore, the insulating through-hole component 24 and the sealing component 25 together form an insulating-sealing composite interface in the terminal through-wall area, so that the structurally weak location of the through-hole 26 can simultaneously meet the requirements of electrical isolation and environmental sealing, and play a supporting and buffering role for the relative position of the terminal at the through-hole 26, thereby reducing the risk of wear and loosening caused by fretting friction.

[0028] Furthermore, the top cover 20 is provided with a stacked conductive assembly 31, which includes a first conductive element 311 and a second conductive element 312 stacked on top of each other, and an insulating partition 313 sandwiched between the first conductive element 311 and the second conductive element 312. The first conductive element 311 and the second conductive element 312 are used to form a conductive layer structure for conductive transition and current convergence at the top cover 20. The insulating partition 313 is sandwiched between the first conductive element 311 and the second conductive element 312 to ensure stable electrical isolation between the two conductive elements and to provide a controlled spacing, so that the stacked conductive assembly 31 avoids interlayer short circuits and improves the withstand voltage margin under long-term vibration, thermal cycling and assembly stress conditions. The high-voltage terminal group 21 is electrically connected to the stacked conductive assembly 31, so that the current introduced or drawn out by the high-voltage terminal group 21 enters the first conductive element 311 or the second conductive element 312 and completes the current convergence or transition connection at the top cover 20. This makes the electrical connection path of the high-voltage terminal group 21 concentrated and organized near the top cover 20 and reduces unnecessary bending and detours.

[0029] In one specific embodiment, the inner end of each terminal in the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the conductive surface corresponding to the first conductive element 311 or the second conductive element 312 are fixed and connected by at least one of welding, riveting or screwing, thereby forming a stable current introduction / exit path between the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the stacked conductive assembly 31.

[0030] Furthermore, the stacked configuration of the first conductive element 311 and the second conductive element 312 makes the current path arrangement more compact and reduces the loop area, thereby reducing the connection parasitic inductance and local voltage drop, suppressing voltage spikes and electromagnetic radiation under conditions of rapid change of large current, and reducing the local current density and contact sensitivity at the root of the high-voltage terminal group 21, reducing the probability of hot spot formation and improving stability and electromagnetic compatibility performance under high-power conditions.

[0031] It should be noted that the above structures work together on the top cover 20: the spacing between the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22 provides basic partitioning; the insulating isolation structure 23 further fixes the isolation boundary and improves the creepage / gap safety margin; the through hole 26, the insulating through member 24, and the seal 25 ensure that the terminal wall penetration position meets the insulation and sealing requirements at the same time; and the stacked conductive component 31 optimizes the electrical connection characteristics of the high-voltage circuit while ensuring interlayer insulation, thereby taking into account the requirements of high current connection reliability, low-voltage signal anti-interference, and terminal wall penetration sealing on the same top cover platform.

[0032] In one specific embodiment, the top cover 20 has through holes 26 to arrange the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22, and forms an insulating isolation structure 23 between them; insulating through members 24 are disposed in each through hole 26, and a sealing member 25 is provided between the insulating through members 24 and the wall of the through hole 26; each terminal in the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22 is respectively inserted through the corresponding insulating through member 24 and positioned, so that the terminal and the top cover 20 are insulatingly isolated and the terminal through the wall is circumferentially sealed; a stacked conductive assembly 31 is provided inside the top cover 20, so that the first conductive member 311, the insulating partition 313 and the second conductive member 312 are stacked, and the high-voltage terminal group 21 is electrically connected to the stacked conductive assembly 31; finally, the top cover 20 is closed and connected to the housing 10 to form a receiving cavity 40. Accordingly, during use, the external power circuit establishes a main electrical connection with a supercapacitor 100 through the high-voltage terminal group 21 and completes the current transition with low impedance and low parasitic parameters through the stacked conductive component 31. The external monitoring or control circuit is connected through the low-voltage terminal group 22 and obtains a more stable signal environment under the combined action of the insulation isolation structure 23 and the terminal partition. This makes it suitable for application scenarios that require both high and low voltage interfaces and have high requirements for sealing, anti-interference and high current connection stability, including transient power support and status monitoring scenarios of vehicle start-stop and energy recovery systems, peak reduction and fast charging and discharging scenarios of industrial servo and robot systems, and power buffering and online monitoring scenarios of UPS and energy storage systems.

[0033] In summary, by integrating a high-voltage terminal group 21, a low-voltage terminal group 22, an insulating isolation structure 23, a through hole 26, an insulating through member 24, a seal 25, and a stacked conductive assembly 31 onto the top cover 20, and sealing it with the housing 10 to form a receiving cavity 40, it is possible to simultaneously achieve terminal through-wall insulation and sealing, strong and weak current zone isolation and anti-interference, and low-loss and low-parasitic parameter connection of the high-voltage circuit at the structural level, thereby improving the safety, reliability, and engineering usability of a supercapacitor 100.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, a current-collecting portion 30 is provided on the inner side of the top cover 20. The current-collecting portion 30 is disposed in a predetermined area on the inner side of the top cover 20 and integrally defines an installation position for collecting and arranging conductive structures with the top cover 20, so that the stacked conductive components 31 can obtain clear spatial arrangement and boundary constraints on the inner side of the top cover 20.

[0035] Specifically, the bus receiver 30 is configured as a recessed receiving area or a receiving area enclosing a cavity formed from the inner surface of the top cover 20. The bus receiver 30 and the top cover 20 together define a space for receiving the stacked conductive assembly 31. The space is defined in the circumferential direction by the enclosing boundary of the bus receiver 30 and in the height direction by the inner surface of the top cover 20 and the limiting boundary of the bus receiver 30, so that the stacked conductive assembly 31 can be accommodated in the space and maintain a controlled relative positional relationship with the top cover 20.

[0036] Furthermore, the stacked conductive component 31 is disposed within the bus receiver 30, so that the stacking area and edge contour of the stacked conductive component 31 correspond and restrict the structural boundary inside the top cover 20. This avoids the risk of assembly interference, relative position drift or contact instability caused by lateral movement, warping or displacement of the stacked conductive component 31 under assembly, handling or vibration impact conditions. It also helps to maintain the compact arrangement of the stacked conductive component 31 inside the top cover 20.

[0037] Furthermore, since the space jointly defined by the bus receiver 30 and the top cover 20 provides circumferential enclosure and positional guidance for the multilayer conductive assembly 31, the positioning of the multilayer conductive assembly 31 within this space is more stable, which can reduce the probability of micro-motion wear and loosening during long-term use. It can also achieve structural housing of the multilayer conductive assembly 31 without increasing the external space occupied, making the conductive transition area inside the top cover 20 more regular and the assembly fault tolerance more controllable, thereby improving consistent assembly and long-term reliability.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, a stacked capacitor unit assembly 41 is disposed in the receiving cavity 40. The stacked capacitor unit assembly 41 is located in the inner cavity space of the housing 10 and is located on the inner side below the top cover 20, so that the overall outline of the stacked capacitor unit assembly 41 is restricted by the cavity boundary of the receiving cavity 40. Thus, during assembly, the stacked capacitor unit assembly 41 can be inserted from the opening end of the housing 10 and placed into the receiving cavity 40 to achieve positioning.

[0039] Specifically, the stacked capacitor unit assembly 41 includes a first stacked unit 411 and a second stacked unit 412. The first stacked unit 411 and the second stacked unit 412 are spaced apart from each other in the receiving cavity 40. They maintain a non-contact gap in the facing direction, so that a reserved space is formed between the first stacked unit 411 and the second stacked unit 412 and the two units are prevented from directly pressing and rubbing against each other under vibration or thermal expansion and contraction conditions.

[0040] Furthermore, the first stacked unit 411 and the second stacked unit 412 are arranged in layers along the height direction of the receiving cavity 40. The first stacked unit 411 is arranged near the inner side of the top cover 20, and the second stacked unit 412 is arranged near the inner bottom of the housing 10. A gap is reserved between them. The gap is achieved by controlling the stacking thickness and outer dimensions of the first stacked unit 411 and the second stacked unit 412 and matching them with the effective height of the receiving cavity 40, so that the two stacked units naturally form a gap after being installed without having to abut against each other. During assembly, the second stacked unit 412 can be placed into the housing 10 first, and its bottom surface can be placed against the inner bottom wall of the housing 10 to complete the reference positioning. Then, the first stacked unit 411 can be placed in, and its top surface can be closed and connected with the inner side of the top cover 20 to form a restricted fit. Thus, the first stacked unit 411 and the second stacked unit 412 are constrained in the receiving cavity 40 by the housing 10 and the top cover 20 in a predetermined position and maintain the gap.

[0041] In another alternative embodiment, the first stacking unit 411 and the second stacking unit 412 may also be arranged side by side in the lateral direction within the receiving cavity 40 and kept apart.

[0042] It should be noted that the above-mentioned "mutually spaced arrangement" structurally corresponds to the first stacked unit 411 and the second stacked unit 412 occupying different arrangement areas in the receiving cavity 40 and maintaining a gap between their opposite outer surfaces. This gap is defined by the cavity boundary of the receiving cavity 40 and the outer dimensions of the two stacked units, so that the stacked capacitor unit assembly 41 forms a floor-mountable spatial layered or spatial partitioned arrangement relationship after the top cover 20 is closed and connected to the housing 10, and forms an overall structural closed fit with the terminal arrangement and sealing structure of the aforementioned top cover 20.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, a stacked capacitor unit assembly 41 is disposed within a receiving cavity 40 and includes a first stacked unit 411 and a second stacked unit 412 spaced apart from each other. The stacked capacitor unit assembly 41 forms an electrical connection end 413 for establishing external conductivity on the side facing the top cover 20. The electrical connection end 413 is configured as a conductive end face area or conductive end piece area facing the top cover 20 and is located at a corresponding position below the stacked conductive assembly 31, such that the electrical connection end 413 and the stacked conductive assembly 31 are disposed opposite each other along the thickness direction of the top cover 20; a conductive elastic connector is also included. 53 is sandwiched between the stacked conductive assembly 31 and the electrical connection end 413 and abuts against them respectively. The clamping member 51 applies a clamping force to the conductive elastic connector 53 through the elastic pre-tightening member 52, so that the conductive elastic connector 53 is pressed against the stacked conductive assembly 31 and the electrical connection end 413 simultaneously under the elastic deformation cooperation of the elastic deformation part 531, thereby forming a crimped conductive interface from the stacked conductive assembly 31 through the conductive elastic connector 53 to the electrical connection end 413; the above-mentioned clamping member 51, elastic pre-tightening member 52 and conductive elastic connector 53 together constitute the crimped conductive assembly 50.

[0044] Specifically, the crimping conductive assembly 50 includes a clamping member 51, an elastic pre-tightening member 52, and a conductive elastic connector 53. The clamping member 51 and the conductive elastic connector 53 are arranged opposite each other along the thickness direction of the top cover 20. The elastic pre-tightening member 52 is sandwiched between the clamping member 51 and the conductive elastic connector 53 and is used to apply an elastic clamping force toward the electrical connection end 413 to the conductive elastic connector 53. The conductive elastic connector 53 is arranged between the stacked conductive assembly 31 and the electrical connection end 413. The conductive elastic connector 53 has a first contact surface and a second contact surface. The first contact surface faces the stacked conductive assembly 31 and is abutted against the opposite conductive surface of the stacked conductive assembly 31. The second contact surface faces the electrical connection end 413 and is abutted against the opposite conductive surface of the electrical connection end 413, so that the conductive elastic connector 53 occupies the gap between the stacked conductive assembly 31 and the electrical connection end 413 in space and forms a conductive bridge between the two.

[0045] Furthermore, the clamping member 51 is disposed inside the top cover 20 and forms a restricted fit with the top cover 20 to limit its position. The elastic pre-tightening member 52 is located between the clamping member 51 and the conductive elastic connector 53 and is under pressure. This allows the conductive elastic connector 53 to simultaneously form continuous contact pressure on the laminated conductive assembly 31 and the electrical connection end 413 after assembly, in order to compensate for the gap changes between the laminated conductive assembly 31, the conductive elastic connector 53 and the electrical connection end 413 caused by assembly tolerances, vibration or thermal expansion and contraction, and to avoid contact instability caused by contact pressure decay.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, a node isolation portion 60 is provided between the first laminated unit 411 and the second laminated unit 412. The node isolation portion 60 is sandwiched between the opposite end faces of the first laminated unit 411 and the second laminated unit 412 and is located in the interval region between them, so that the first laminated unit 411 and the second laminated unit 412 are structurally separated and spatially divided by the node isolation portion 60 after assembly. Specifically, the node isolation portion 60 is arranged along the circumferential or edge region of the first laminated unit 411 and the second laminated unit 412 to form an annular or frame-shaped enclosure boundary. The enclosure boundary of the node isolation portion 60 defines a node receiving cavity 61 within it. The node receiving cavity 61 is located between the first laminated unit 411 and the second laminated unit 412 and is surrounded and defined circumferentially by the enclosure structure of the node isolation portion 60, so that the node receiving cavity 61 becomes an independent receiving space located between the two laminated units. Furthermore, the node isolation portion 60 can be formed of insulating material, so that the node isolation portion 60 structurally isolates the intermediate node area between the first lamination unit 411 and the second lamination unit 412 from the outer environment, and provides a confinement and support boundary for the node receiving cavity 61 in terms of positional relationship. Thus, the interval between the two lamination units is determined by the thickness of the node isolation portion 60 and the confinement boundary, avoiding direct contact or local extrusion friction between the two lamination units under vibration or thermal expansion and contraction conditions.

[0047] Furthermore, a node busbar 62 is disposed within the node receiving cavity 61. The node busbar 62 is arranged within the space defined by the node receiving cavity 61 and is spaced apart from or closely fitted to the boundary of the node isolation part 60, so that the node busbar 62 has a clearly defined installation area within the node receiving cavity 61 and is constrained by the circumferential boundary of the node isolation part 60. Specifically, the node busbar 62 is disposed along the intermediate region between the first lamination unit 411 and the second lamination unit 412, with one side facing the first lamination unit 411 and the other side facing the second lamination unit 412, so that the node busbar 62 is located at the node position between the two lamination units and is used to form the interface for the convergence and derivation of the intermediate node; the node busbar 62 has a connection end facing the low-voltage terminal group 22, which extends in a direction close to the inside of the top cover 20 and is disposed opposite to the corresponding end of the low-voltage terminal group 22 on the inside of the top cover 20, thereby forming an achievable electrical connection path between the node busbar 62 and the low-voltage terminal group 22. Furthermore, the node bus 62 and the low-voltage terminal group 22 can be electrically connected by conductive connection methods such as welding, crimping or conductive clamping, so that the potential of the intermediate node in the node receiving cavity 61 can be led out through the node bus 62 and sent to the low-voltage terminal group 22 for sampling, monitoring or identification of the intermediate node.

[0048] It should be noted that the node isolation part 60 surrounds and forms a node receiving cavity 61 and houses the node bus 62 within the node receiving cavity 61. This spatially confines the node bus 62 within a predetermined area between the first lamination unit 411 and the second lamination unit 412. This avoids the node bus 62 from contacting or short-circuiting with non-target areas of the two lamination units and reduces the risk of lateral movement and warping of the node bus 62 during assembly and use. As a result, the busing and output of the intermediate node have clear boundaries and stable connection relationships in structure, and form a clear electrical connection closed loop with the low-voltage terminal group 22.

[0049] In one specific embodiment, the conductive elastic connector 53 is provided with an elastic deformation portion 531. The elastic deformation portion 531 is disposed on the force path of the conductive elastic connector 53 along the pressing direction and located in the pressing fit area between the pressing member 51 and the stacked conductive assembly 31, so that the elastic deformation portion 531 is in a compressible / springback force state after assembly.

[0050] Specifically, the clamping member 51 is located inside the top cover 20 and is disposed towards the stacked conductive assembly 31. The elastic pre-tightening member 52 is sandwiched between the clamping member 51 and the conductive elastic connector 53 and applies a continuous clamping force to the conductive elastic connector 53. Under the action of the clamping force, the conductive elastic connector 53 is pressed towards the stacked conductive assembly 31 and abuts against the relative conductive surface of the stacked conductive assembly 31. Under the clamping engagement, the elastic deformation part 531 generates elastic deformation so that the conductive elastic connector 53 forms a stable contact pressure on the stacked conductive assembly 31 under pressure and can maintain rebound compensation when pressure fluctuates.

[0051] Furthermore, the elastic deformation portion 531 can be configured as a bent section, corrugated section, or arched section on the conductive elastic connector 53, so that the elastic deformation portion 531 can undergo recoverable elastic deformation under the condition that the clamping member 51 applies pressure to the conductive elastic connector 53 and the stacked conductive assembly 31 provides reaction force support. This establishes a more stable crimped conductive interface between the stacked conductive assembly 31 and the electrical connection end 413, and elastically compensates for gap changes caused by manufacturing tolerances, assembly height differences, and temperature changes, avoiding contact instability or resistance drift of the conductive elastic connector 53 due to insufficient contact pressure.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the insulating through member 24 includes an insulating sleeve portion 241 sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding terminal and a limiting portion 242 cooperating with the through hole 26. The insulating sleeve portion 241 extends along the terminal insertion direction and covers the outer periphery of the terminal, so that the terminal and the top cover 20 form a continuous insulating isolation interface at the through hole 26. The limiting portion 242 is disposed at one end of the insulating sleeve portion 241 and cooperates with the edge of the opening of the through hole 26 to limit the axial position of the insulating through member 24 relative to the through hole 26, so that the insulating sleeve portion 241 can be stably positioned between the terminal and the hole wall of the through hole 26 and avoid axial movement under assembly or vibration conditions.

[0053] Furthermore, the sealing element 25 includes a first sealing element 251 and a second sealing element 252 that seal with the wall of the through hole 26. The first sealing element 251 and the second sealing element 252 are located on opposite sides of the through hole 26, wherein the first sealing element 251 is located on the outer side of the top cover 20 and forms an outer sealing interface with the wall of the through hole 26, and the second sealing element 252 is located on the inner side of the top cover 20 and forms an inner sealing interface with the wall of the through hole 26, so that the through hole 26 forms independent sealing paths on both sides.

[0054] Specifically, when the insulating through member 24 is inserted into the through hole 26, the limiting part 242 abuts against the edge of the opening of the through hole 26 to achieve axial limiting. The first sealing member 251 is located outside the limiting part 242 and fits against the hole wall at the outer opening of the through hole 26. The second sealing member 252 is located at the inner opening of the through hole 26 and fits against the inner hole wall of the through hole 26, so that the two sealing interfaces are respectively kept in a relatively stable assembly position by the axial positioning effect of the limiting part 242. The insulating sleeve 241 is located inside the through hole 26 and sleeves the outer periphery of the terminal; the first sealing member 251 and the second sealing member 252 are respectively attached to the wall of the through hole 26 and cooperate with the outer periphery of the insulating through member 24, so that the terminal insertion position forms a circumferentially continuous sealing interface on both the outer and inner sides of the through hole 26, thereby improving the sealing retention capability of the terminal through the wall and reducing the risk of external media seeping into the receiving cavity 40 from the through hole 26 or leaking out from the receiving cavity 40. At the same time, the limiting part 242 constrains the position of the insulating through member 24, which can prevent the sealing interface from being misaligned and causing poor fit, making the sealing state of the first sealing member 251 and the second sealing member 252 more stable.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, a high-voltage terminal group 21 and a low-voltage terminal group 22 are provided on the top cover 20. The high-voltage terminal group 21 is arranged in the first end region of the top cover 20, and the low-voltage terminal group 22 is arranged in the opposite second end region of the top cover 20. The two form an interface partition with opposite ends on the top cover 20. The high-voltage terminal group 21 includes two positive terminals P1 and P2 and two negative terminals N1 and N2. P1 and P2 are arranged in pairs as positive output / input terminals, and N1 and N2 are arranged in pairs as negative output / input terminals, so that terminals of the same polarity form parallel terminal pairs in space to facilitate the connection of external busbars or wire harnesses. The low-voltage terminal group 22 includes at least one intermediate node terminal M and at least one sampling terminal, where M is the intermediate node terminal in the figure; the sampling terminal can be set to one or more, where S+, S- and T are all sampling terminals in the figure, used to provide sampling / detection interfaces to the outside; wherein, the sampling terminals are arranged at predetermined intervals in the low-voltage terminal group 22 so as to correspond one-to-one with the external sampling harness or detection fixture and reduce the cross wiring with the high-voltage terminal group 21.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, the node bus 62 is electrically connected to the low-voltage terminal group 22 via a lead-out connection portion 621. The lead-out connection portion 621 is formed by extending outward from the main body of the node bus 62 within the node receiving cavity 61, and is arranged towards the inner side of the top cover 20 and the area where the low-voltage terminal group 22 is located, so that the lead-out connection portion 621 spatially forms a lead-out conductive path from the inside of the node receiving cavity 61 to the corresponding terminal of the low-voltage terminal group 22. The node isolation portion 60 is provided with a lead-out channel portion 622 for the lead-out connection portion 621 to pass through. The lead-out channel portion 622 is configured as a through hole, notch, or channel structure penetrating the node isolation portion 60, with one end communicating with the node receiving cavity 61 and the other end opening towards the direction of the low-voltage terminal group 22, so that the lead-out connection portion 621 can extend from the node receiving cavity 61 and pass through the lead-out channel portion 622 through the node isolation portion 60 to reach the outer area of ​​the node isolation portion 60.

[0057] Furthermore, the lead-out channel portion 622 is formed along the side wall region of the node isolation portion 60, so that when the lead-out connection portion 621 passes through, it maintains a distance from the opposite end faces of the first lamination unit 411 and the second lamination unit 412, thereby avoiding non-target contact between the lead-out connection portion 621 and the two lamination units. Furthermore, after passing through the lead-out channel portion 622, the lead-out connection portion 621 is disposed opposite to the corresponding end of the intermediate node terminal or sampling terminal in the low-voltage terminal group 22 on the inner side of the top cover 20, and is electrically connected by conductive connection, so that the node potential collected in the node receiving cavity 61 by the node bus 62 can be stably led out to the low-voltage terminal group 22 through the lead-out connection portion 621.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22 are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the top cover 20. The top cover 20 forms opposite first end areas and second end areas along its length direction. The high-voltage terminal group 21 is disposed in the first end area and the low-voltage terminal group 22 is disposed in the second end area, so that the high-voltage and low-voltage terminals form an end-opposite spatial partition relationship on the top cover 20. An insulating isolation structure 23 extends along the top cover 20, extending from the end area where the high-voltage terminal group 21 is located toward the end area where the low-voltage terminal group 22 is located, forming a continuous or substantially continuous isolation boundary. This allows the insulating isolation structure 23 to define the isolation path between the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22 on the top cover 20. Furthermore, the insulating isolation structure 23 extends in a strip shape along the length of the top cover 20, with its two sides adjacent to the terminal arrangement areas of the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22, respectively. This ensures that the high-voltage terminal group 21 and the low-voltage terminal group 22 maintain a clear isolation boundary even when they are arranged opposite each other at the ends of the top cover 20, and allows the through holes 26 of the two sets of terminals to be concentrated at both ends of the top cover 20 to form a stable assembly positioning and wiring path.

[0059] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A supercapacitor, comprising a housing and a top cover, the top cover being closedly connected to the housing to form a receiving cavity, characterized in that: The top cover is provided with high-voltage terminal groups and low-voltage terminal groups arranged at intervals between each other; The top cover is provided with an insulating isolation structure located between the high-voltage terminal group and the low-voltage terminal group; The top cover is provided with through holes for each terminal to pass through. Each terminal in each terminal group passes through the through hole via an insulating through member. A sealing element is provided between the insulating through member and the wall of the through hole. The top cover is provided with a stacked conductive assembly, which includes a first conductive element and a second conductive element stacked on top of each other, and an insulating partition sandwiched between the first conductive element and the second conductive element. The high-voltage terminal group is electrically connected to the stacked conductive assembly.

2. A supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top cover has a current-carrying portion on its inner side, and the stacked conductive component is disposed in the current-carrying portion. The current-carrying portion and the top cover together define a space for accommodating the stacked conductive component.

3. A supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity is provided with a stacked capacitor unit assembly, which includes a first stacked unit and a second stacked unit arranged at intervals between each other.

4. A supercapacitor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner side of the top cover is provided with a crimping and conductive assembly, which includes a pressing element, an elastic pre-tightening element, and a conductive elastic connector. The clamping member and the conductive elastic connector are disposed opposite to each other, and the elastic pre-tightening member is sandwiched between the clamping member and the conductive elastic connector; The conductive elastic connector is located between the electrical connection ends of the stacked conductive assembly and the stacked capacitor unit assembly.

5. A supercapacitor according to claim 3, characterized in that, A node isolation section is provided between the first stacked unit and the second stacked unit, and the node isolation section surrounds a node receiving cavity; The node receiving cavity is provided with a node busbar, which is electrically connected to the low-voltage terminal group.

6. A supercapacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conductive elastic connector is provided with an elastic deformation portion, which is configured to generate elastic deformation under the compression fit between the clamping member and the stacked conductive assembly.

7. A supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating through-hole component includes an insulating sleeve portion sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding terminal and a limiting portion that cooperates with the through-hole. The sealing component includes a first sealing component and a second sealing component that seal with the wall of the through-hole. The first sealing component and the second sealing component are respectively located on opposite sides of the through-hole.

8. A supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage terminal group includes two positive terminals and two negative terminals, and the low-voltage terminal group includes at least one intermediate node terminal and at least one sampling terminal.

9. A supercapacitor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The node busbar is electrically connected to the low-voltage terminal group through the lead-out connection part, and the node isolation part is provided with a lead-out channel part for the lead-out connection part to pass through.

10. A supercapacitor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The high-voltage terminal group and the low-voltage terminal group are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the top cover, and the insulating isolation structure extends along the top cover.

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