A shield cutter mud cake ultrasonic hard cavitation cleaning device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of shield construction, and discloses a shield cutterhead mud cake ultrasonic hard cavitation removal device, which comprises: a plurality of first ultrasonic units arranged on the spokes of the back of the cutterhead, the inner side wall of the soil bin and the center partition plate of the soil bin; an ultrasonic generator is arranged in the shield machine; the first ultrasonic units are electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic emission heads of the first ultrasonic units extend into and face the inside of the soil bin. A plurality of second ultrasonic units are arranged along the length direction of the sleeve and symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the sleeve; the second ultrasonic units are electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic emission heads of the second ultrasonic units extend into and face the inside of the sleeve. The first ultrasonic units on the spokes of the cutterhead, the inner wall of the soil bin and the center partition plate and the second ultrasonic units on the screw conveyor sleeve form a full-space three-dimensional ultrasonic oscillation unit layout, a three-dimensional cavitation field without blind area is formed, intervention is carried out from the source of the mud cake, and the whole process of mud cake prevention and control on the surface of the cutterhead, the side wall of the soil bin and the conveying process is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, and in particular to a device for ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal of mud cake from a TBM cutterhead. Background Technology

[0002] Shield tunneling, with its advantages of safety, efficiency, and minimal impact on the surrounding environment, has become the mainstream construction method for underground tunnels in my country. However, in the high-viscosity, high-water-content muddy strata of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River Delta, shield tunneling generally faces the global technical challenge of cutterhead mud cake adhesion. Once formed, the mud cake quickly blocks the cutterhead opening and encases the cutting tools, leading to a surge in cutterhead torque, a sharp drop in tunneling speed, and abnormal tool wear. In severe cases, it can even cause major safety accidents such as cutterhead seizure, auger conveyor blockage, and earth pressure imbalance, resulting in secondary disasters such as ground subsidence and cracking of surrounding buildings.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for handling cutterhead mud cake during tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction include mechanical scraping, high-pressure water jet flushing, chemical modification, and manual cleaning. Mechanical scraping passively removes mud cake by using fixed scrapers on the cutterhead, but it is only effective for loose surface mud cake and almost ineffective for the hard, dense mud cake in the center of the cutterhead. High-pressure water jet flushing breaks up the mud cake by impacting it with high-pressure water, but it suffers from high energy consumption, easily diluting the excavated soil leading to uncontrolled earth pressure, and nozzle clogging and wear, and its penetration ability for deep mud cake is limited. Chemical modification involves injecting dispersants and foaming agents into the soil chamber to alter the characteristics of the excavated soil, but it is not only costly and prone to groundwater pollution, but also has very limited modification effect on highly plastic clay. Manual cleaning requires workers to enter the soil chamber under normal or pressurized conditions to manually remove the mud cake, which has fatal flaws such as extremely harsh working conditions, extremely high safety risks, long construction periods, and low efficiency, and has been classified as a major hazardous operation and strictly controlled by the industry. While the above solutions can alleviate the mud cake problem to some extent, the methods used are all to remove the mud cake after it has formed, which cannot prevent the formation of mud cake from the source, and each has its own insurmountable technical defects.

[0004] To prevent mud cake formation at its source, existing technologies have mostly improved by increasing the number of ultrasonic units, increasing output power, and simplifying the sealing structure. However, none of these methods have fundamentally solved the core problems of full-process coverage, integrated rotary power supply and cooling, high-pressure reliable sealing, and multi-parameter adaptive control. As a result, existing ultrasonic devices generally suffer from poor reliability, short service life, unstable mud cake prevention effect, and weak engineering practicality, making it difficult to meet the requirements of long-term continuous operation of tunnel boring machines.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a device that can prevent mud cake formation and efficiently clean mud cake is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake, comprising: Multiple first ultrasonic units are respectively arranged on the spokes on the back of the cutterhead, the inner wall of the soil chamber, and the central partition of the soil chamber. An ultrasonic generator is installed inside the tunnel boring machine. The first ultrasonic units are electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator, and their ultrasonic transmitters extend into and face the inside of the soil chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the first ultrasonic unit is mounted on a vibration isolation mounting base, which is bolted to the spokes, the inner wall of the soil chamber, and the central partition of the soil chamber, with an oil-resistant rubber sealing ring at the connection point.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple first ultrasonic units located on the inner wall of the soil chamber are arranged circumferentially along the soil chamber, with their ultrasonic transmitters facing the axis of the cutter head.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes: A screw conveyor is installed inside a sleeve, one end of which is connected to the soil chamber and the other end of which is connected to the outside of the tunnel boring machine; Multiple second ultrasonic units are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the sleeve along its length. The second ultrasonic units are electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator, and their ultrasonic transmitters extend into and face the inside of the sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes: The high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber is cylindrical, with one end connected to the soil chamber and the other end connected to the sleeve. An automatic exhaust valve and a first pressure sensor are installed on the top of the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber is connected to the soil chamber and the sleeve through the shield flange, and an oil-resistant rubber asbestos gasket is provided at the connection point.

[0013] Furthermore, cooling pipes are laid on the first and second ultrasonic units.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes: A rotary power supply and cooling unit is installed on the front flange of the rotating body at the center of the cutter head. The rotary power supply and cooling unit includes a rotary conductive slip ring and a high-voltage rotary joint. The cable output end of the rotary conductive slip ring is connected to the first ultrasonic unit, and the cable input end of the rotary conductive slip ring is connected to the ultrasonic generator. The output end of the high-voltage rotary joint is connected to the cooling pipe corresponding to the first ultrasonic unit, and the input end of the high-voltage rotary joint is connected to an independent closed-loop water cooling system through a coolant pipe. The second ultrasonic unit is connected to the ultrasonic generator via a cable, and the cooling pipe of the second ultrasonic unit is connected to the coolant pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the independent closed-loop water cooling system includes: A coolant storage tank is connected to a coolant pipeline, which is equipped with a pulse booster pump and a check valve.

[0016] Furthermore, the coolant storage tank and the ultrasonic generator are mounted on a shock-absorbing base, which is located inside the tunnel boring machine.

[0017] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: 1. This invention constructs a three-dimensional ultrasonic oscillation unit layout in the entire space by using the first ultrasonic unit on the cutterhead spokes, the inner wall of the soil chamber, the central partition, and the second ultrasonic unit on the spiral conveyor sleeve. This creates a three-dimensional cavitation field without blind spots, intervening at the source of mud cake formation and simultaneously achieving mud cake control throughout the entire process of the cutterhead surface, the side wall of the soil chamber, and the conveying process.

[0018] 2. This invention connects a high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber in series between the soil chamber and the screw conveyor to perform secondary enhanced crushing of all excavated soil, fundamentally solving the problems of clogging and arching that cannot be avoided by traditional equipment.

[0019] 3. The rotating power supply and cooling unit combines the first ultrasonic unit with an independent closed-loop water cooling system, which perfectly solves the power supply and cooling problem of the rotating parts of the cutterhead. It is suitable for the harsh working conditions of shield tunneling, such as high dust, high humidity and high vibration, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the first ultrasonic unit.

[0020] 4. The multi-seal design prevents leakage of slag and mud in all aspects, greatly improving the reliability and service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first ultrasonic unit structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the cutter head; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction cavity structure; The components include: 1. Piezoelectric ceramic transducer; 2. Titanium alloy amplitude transformer; 3. Ultrasonic transmitter head; 4. Screw conveyor; 5. First pressure sensor; 6. Automatic exhaust valve; 7. Pulse booster pump; 8. Coolant storage tank; 9. Ultrasonic generator; 10. Integrated control cabinet; 11. Vibration damping base; 12. One-way valve; 13. Coolant pipeline; 14. Rotary conductive slip ring; 15. High-pressure rotary joint; 16. High-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber; and 17. Liquid level sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Those skilled in the art will understand that the term "comprising" as used in this application means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements present. Furthermore, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term "and / or" as used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an ultrasonic hardening cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake, comprising: Multiple first ultrasonic units are respectively arranged on the spokes on the back of the cutterhead, the inner wall of the soil chamber, and the central partition plate of the soil chamber. An ultrasonic generator 9 is installed inside the tunnel boring machine. The first ultrasonic units are electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator 9, and their ultrasonic transmitters 3 extend into and face the interior of the soil chamber, with an insertion distance of 50-100mm. The multiple first ultrasonic units can cover the blind zone of central cavitation that is difficult for traditional ultrasonic devices to reach, achieving complete coverage of the interior space of the soil chamber.

[0027] In this embodiment, the first ultrasonic unit is mounted on a vibration isolation mounting base, which is bolted to the spokes, the inner wall of the soil chamber, and the central partition of the soil chamber. An oil-resistant rubber sealing ring is provided at the connection point, and a double-seal structure is adopted to effectively prevent the infiltration of slag and mud.

[0028] In this embodiment, multiple first ultrasonic units located on the inner wall of the soil chamber are arranged circumferentially along the soil chamber, and their ultrasonic transmitters 3 face the axis of the cutter head. Sufficient safety distance is left between the first ultrasonic units located on the inner wall of the soil chamber and the rotating surface of the cutter head.

[0029] In this embodiment, it also includes: The screw conveyor 4 is installed inside the sleeve, with one end of the sleeve connected to the soil chamber and the other end connected to the outside of the tunnel boring machine; Multiple second ultrasonic units are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the sleeve along its length. Each second ultrasonic unit is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator 9, with its ultrasonic transmitter 3 extending into and facing the inside of the sleeve. A gap is maintained between the screw conveyor 4 and the sleeve, and a safe distance is maintained between the ultrasonic transmitter 3 of the second ultrasonic unit and the screw conveyor 4. The connection between the second ultrasonic unit and the sleeve is sealed using a high-pressure sealing assembly, forming a dual-seal structure of mechanical seal and stuffing box, capable of withstanding the highest working pressure of the soil chamber.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first ultrasonic unit and the second ultrasonic unit have basically the same structure, consisting of a piezoelectric ceramic transducer 1, a titanium alloy amplitude transformer 2, and an ultrasonic transmitter 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, it also includes: The high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber 16 is cylindrical and made of stainless steel. One end of it is connected to the soil chamber and the other end is connected to the sleeve. The design pressure is the same as the working pressure of the soil chamber. The high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber 16 has a welded guide plate inside to ensure that the slag and soil pass through the chamber evenly. An automatic exhaust valve 6 and a first pressure sensor 5 are installed on the top of the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber 16.

[0032] In this embodiment, the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber 16 is connected to the soil chamber and the sleeve through the shield flange, and an oil-resistant rubber asbestos gasket is provided at the connection point.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first ultrasonic unit and the second ultrasonic unit are provided with cooling pipes, which are fixed by a snap-fit ​​method.

[0034] In this embodiment, it also includes: The rotary power supply and cooling unit is mounted on the front flange of the central rotating body of the cutter head by high-strength bolts and rotates synchronously with the cutter head. The rotary power supply and cooling unit includes a rotary conductive slip ring 14 and a high-pressure rotary joint 15. The cable output end of the rotary conductive slip ring 14 is connected to the first ultrasonic unit, and the cable input end of the rotary conductive slip ring 14 is connected to the ultrasonic generator 9. The output end of the high-pressure rotary joint 15 is connected to the cooling pipe corresponding to the first ultrasonic unit, and the input end of the high-pressure rotary joint 15 is connected to an independent closed-loop water cooling system through the coolant pipe 13. The second ultrasonic unit is connected to the ultrasonic generator 9 via cables. The cooling pipe of the second ultrasonic unit is connected to the coolant pipe 13. All electrical joints of the cables are sealed with explosion-proof junction boxes, and the cooling pipe joints use double compression fittings to ensure reliable connections and no leakage. The function of the rotating power supply cooling unit is to ensure that the first ultrasonic unit maintains electrical connection with the ultrasonic generator 9 during rotation and to ensure the connection stability of the cooling pipe.

[0035] In this embodiment, the independent closed-loop water cooling system includes: The coolant storage tank 8 is connected to the coolant pipeline 13, which is equipped with a pulse booster pump 7 and a one-way valve 12. After heat exchange with the first and second ultrasonic units, the coolant in the pipeline 13 flows directly back to the coolant storage tank 8, or it flows back to the coolant storage tank 8 after heat dissipation. Existing technology can be used here, and it will not be described in detail. It is not shown in the figure.

[0036] In this embodiment, the coolant storage tank 8 and the ultrasonic generator 9 are mounted on the shock-absorbing base 11, which is located inside the tunnel boring machine.

[0037] In this embodiment, an integrated control cabinet 10 is also included. The integrated control cabinet 10 is used for overall control of the coolant delivery, the start and stop of the first ultrasonic unit and the second ultrasonic unit, and the output power, etc. This embodiment also includes a variety of sensors (including the original sensors of the tunnel boring machine), such as the liquid level sensor 17 and temperature sensor installed in the coolant storage tank 8, the torque sensor installed on the cutterhead, the torque sensor installed on the screw conveyor 4, the second pressure sensor installed in the soil chamber, etc., which are also controlled by the integrated control cabinet 10.

[0038] The specific work process is as follows: The device was officially started and put into operation, strictly following the "cooling before powering on" operation sequence: first, the independent closed-loop water cooling system was turned on, and after the coolant circulation was stable and the temperature reached the set value, the ultrasonic generator 9 was started for preheating; during normal tunneling, the device operated in prevention mode, and the first and second ultrasonic units operated at rated power to form a low-power cavitation field in the soil chamber, breaking up clay agglomerates and preventing mud cake adhesion.

[0039] After being cut by the cutterhead and entering the soil chamber, the slag is initially crushed and dispersed under the action of ultrasonic cavitation. Then, it enters the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber 16 through the outlet of the soil chamber, where it undergoes secondary enhanced cavitation crushing under high pressure, further refining the clay particles. The crushed slag then enters the screw conveyor 4 and is transported to the belt conveyor system, fundamentally avoiding the problems of clogging and arching.

[0040] In the above process, the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber 16 is the core functional unit for achieving secondary enhanced crushing of slag and soil in this embodiment. Its core innovation lies in constructing a highly efficient working environment adapted to the deep crushing of clay aggregates by actively controlling the spatiotemporal distribution and energy characteristics of the cavitation field. The cavitation field refers to a three-dimensional spatial region formed in a liquid medium under ultrasonic vibration, filled with a large number of cavitation bubbles undergoing periodic nucleation, growth, oscillation, and collapse. Its essence is a spatial carrier for the conversion of ultrasonic energy into mechanical energy in the liquid, and its core feature is the highly concentrated release of energy in a microscale space. It is composed of a large number of tiny cavitation bubbles that undergo periodic nucleation, growth, oscillation, and collapse under ultrasonic alternating stress. At the moment of bubble collapse, extreme energy is released in a concentrated manner in the microscale space, generating strong shock waves and high-speed microjets. The high-pressure environment can significantly increase the cavitation threshold, inhibit the excessive expansion and merging of bubbles, making the cavitation bubbles smaller in size and higher in spatial distribution density, and releasing more energy when the bubbles collapse. Ultimately, a high-intensity stable cavitation field with a strength far higher than that of the soil chamber, uniform distribution, and no obvious energy blind zone is formed in the chamber.

[0041] Specifically: The pre-crushed slag in the soil chamber enters the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber 16 under pressure. Because the chamber is equipped with guide plates, these plates homogenize and reconstruct the turbulent slag flow field, eliminating dead zones with excessively high or low velocities. This forces all slag particles to pass through the core area of ​​the cavitation field at a uniform velocity. During this process, the strong shock waves generated by the continuously collapsing cavitation bubbles repeatedly impact the interior of the clay aggregates. High-speed microjets penetrate the surface gaps of the aggregates, disrupting the interparticle interfaces. This process leads to fatigue failure and interfacial degradation. Multiple microscopic mechanisms, including peeling and particle collision, completely dismantle the cementing forces such as van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic attraction between clay particles. This peels away the incompletely broken hard agglomerates in the soil chamber layer by layer and disperses them into fine particles. At the same time, the automatic exhaust valve 6 at the top of the chamber discharges the free gas released from the slag in real time, preventing the gas from accumulating and forming a continuous air cushion layer that hinders the longitudinal propagation of ultrasonic energy. This ensures the stable operation of the cavitation field throughout the entire chamber space. Finally, the slag, which has undergone deep crushing and has significantly improved rheological properties, enters the screw conveyor 4 from the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber 16.

[0042] When the integrated control cabinet 10 detects an abnormal increase in cutterhead torque, an increase in soil chamber pressure fluctuations, and a decrease in soil output, it determines that mud cakes have formed in the soil chamber, and the device automatically switches to the removal mode: first, it stops the tunnel boring machine's advance and maintains stable soil chamber pressure, and controls the cutterhead to run alternately in forward and reverse directions at low speed; at the same time, it adjusts all first and second ultrasonic units to full power operation, using high-intensity cavitation impact to break up the mud cake structure, and works with the cutterhead to scrape and completely remove the mud cakes.

[0043] During operation, the integrated control cabinet 10 collects signals from various sensors in real time and automatically adjusts the output power of the ultrasonic generator 9 according to the cutter head torque, soil chamber pressure, and soil discharge status. When the coolant temperature exceeds the set threshold, the ultrasonic output power is automatically reduced or an alarm signal is issued. When the first pressure sensor 5 detects abnormal pressure inside the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber 16, the automatic exhaust valve 6 is automatically opened to release pressure and ensure the safe operation of the device.

[0044] Establish a standardized maintenance process. During routine inspections, check the cooling system pressure, liquid level, and leakage at each sealing point, and record the operating parameters of the ultrasonic generator 9. Clean the surface of the ultrasonic transmitter 3 weekly to remove dirt and sludge, and check and tighten all connecting bolts. Replace the cooling system filter element monthly and replace the aged rubber sealing ring quarterly. Conduct a comprehensive performance test on all ultrasonic units annually and replace the severely worn ultrasonic transmitter 3 and piezoelectric ceramic transducer 1 in a timely manner.

[0045] The integrated control cabinet 10 is connected to the shield tunneling main control system. Through multi-sensor collaborative monitoring, it achieves intelligent adaptive control of the device, automatically adjusting the ultrasonic output power according to the construction conditions, balancing mud cake removal effectiveness with energy consumption optimization. Clear three-level operating modes and standardized maintenance procedures make the device simple to operate and easy to maintain, significantly reducing the workload of on-site construction personnel. The entire process of "prevention-fracture-removal" of shield tunneling mud cake is fully automated, significantly improving the continuity and safety of shield tunneling construction, and possessing extremely high engineering application value.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake ultrasonic hardening cavitation removal device, characterized in that, include: Multiple first ultrasonic units are respectively arranged on the spokes on the back of the cutterhead, the inner wall of the soil chamber and the central partition of the soil chamber. An ultrasonic generator (9) is installed inside the tunnel boring machine. The first ultrasonic unit is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator (9), and its ultrasonic transmitter (3) extends into and faces the inside of the soil chamber.

2. The ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ultrasonic unit is mounted on a vibration isolation mounting base, which is connected to the spokes, the inner wall of the soil chamber, and the central partition of the soil chamber by bolts, and an oil-resistant rubber sealing ring is provided at the connection.

3. The ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple first ultrasonic units located on the inner wall of the soil chamber are arranged around the circumference of the soil chamber, and their ultrasonic transmitters (3) face the axis of the cutter head.

4. The ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The screw conveyor (4) is installed inside the sleeve, one end of which is connected to the soil chamber and the other end is connected to the outside of the tunnel boring machine; Multiple second ultrasonic units are arranged along the length of the sleeve and symmetrically positioned on the left and right sides of the sleeve. The second ultrasonic units are electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator (9), and their ultrasonic transmitters (3) extend into and face the sleeve.

5. The ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber (16) is cylindrical, with one end connected to the soil chamber and the other end connected to the sleeve. An automatic exhaust valve (6) and a first pressure sensor (5) are installed on the top of the high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber (16).

6. The ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake according to claim 5, characterized in that, The high-pressure ultrasonic reaction chamber (16) is connected to the soil chamber and the sleeve through the shield flange, and an oil-resistant rubber asbestos gasket is provided at the connection.

7. The ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first and second ultrasonic units are equipped with cooling pipes.

8. The ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A rotary power supply and cooling unit is installed on the front flange of the rotating body at the center of the cutter head. The rotary power supply and cooling unit includes a rotary conductive slip ring (14) and a high-pressure rotary joint (15). The cable output end of the rotary conductive slip ring (14) is connected to the first ultrasonic unit, and the cable input end of the rotary conductive slip ring (14) is connected to the ultrasonic generator (9). The output end of the high-pressure rotary joint (15) is connected to the cooling pipe corresponding to the first ultrasonic unit, and the input end of the high-pressure rotary joint (15) is connected to an independent closed-loop water cooling system through the coolant pipe (13). The second ultrasonic unit is connected to the ultrasonic generator (9) via a cable, and the cooling pipe of the second ultrasonic unit is connected to the coolant pipe (13).

9. The ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake according to claim 8, characterized in that, The independent closed-loop water cooling system includes: A coolant storage tank (8) is connected to a coolant pipeline (13), which is equipped with a pulse booster pump (7) and a check valve (12).

10. The ultrasonic hardening and cavitation removal device for shield tunnel cutterhead mud cake according to claim 9, characterized in that, The coolant storage tank (8) and the ultrasonic generator (9) are mounted on the shock-absorbing base (11), which is located inside the tunnel boring machine.

Images