A device for rapid detection of the comprehensive phenotype of stems and leaves in the field

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of comprehensive phenotype quick detection device of dragable field stem and leaf, it is related to agricultural phenotype detection device field, including vehicle body, box and integrated in stem and leaf separation component, first conveyor belt component, cleaning dust removal component, leaf separation component, transfer component, vacuum adsorption workbench, laser scanning component, mobile clamping component, bending strength test component and second conveyor belt component in box, the automatic separation and feeding of sample are realized by stem and leaf separation component, after conveying, cleaning, arrangement, by transfer component and move to vacuum adsorption workbench and carry out the scanning of contour size and stem bending strength test, finally, according to the detection result, grading and collection are automatically completed by second conveyor belt component.The application integrates multiple detection processes in movable platform, realizes the integrated, automation, non-destructive rapid detection of field plant stem and leaf phenotype parameters, greatly improves detection efficiency and data reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural phenotyping devices, and more particularly to a draggable field-based rapid phenotyping device for stems and leaves. Background Technology

[0002] In plant breeding, cultivation physiology, and phenomics research, the rapid, accurate, and non-destructive acquisition of key morphological and mechanical phenotypic parameters of plant stems and leaves (such as stem thickness, bending strength, leaf size and area) is a crucial foundation for genotype-phenotype association analysis and the screening of superior traits. Currently, such testing largely relies on manual field sampling, bringing the samples back to the laboratory, and then measuring them using scattered equipment such as calipers, leaf area meters, and mechanical testing machines. This method is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming, but also inefficient, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale breeding population testing. Furthermore, the repeated manual handling and transportation processes easily damage or confuse fragile plant samples (especially leaves), directly affecting the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data.

[0003] Several automated devices for plant sample processing already exist in the prior art. For example, Chinese patent application CN117740786A discloses a "rapid sampling and automatic identification device for root samples," which integrates a cleaning unit, a drying unit, and a screening unit to achieve automatic cleaning, drying, and image recognition of root soil column samples. However, this device is mainly for underground root samples, and its processing flow includes soaking and rinsing. It is not suitable for in-situ, non-destructive, comprehensive phenotypic detection of aboveground stems and leaves, and it lacks stem-leaf separation, mechanical testing, and mobility functions.

[0004] Furthermore, Chinese patent CN113290630B discloses a "stem-leaf separator," which automatically clamps the stems and separates the leaves through an adjustable-diameter separation orifice. Although this device achieves automatic stem-leaf separation, its function is limited; it can only complete the separation operation and cannot perform subsequent cleaning, morphological scanning, or mechanical strength testing on the separated stems and leaves, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern phenomics for comprehensive multi-parameter detection.

[0005] In the area of ​​mechanical property testing, Chinese patent application CN118688149A discloses a "method for rapid identification of the mechanical strength and composition of plant stems," which uses near-infrared spectroscopy to predict the puncture force, breaking force, and component content of stems. While this method achieves non-destructive testing, it is primarily based on powder samples in a laboratory environment. It cannot directly measure fresh, intact stem samples on-site, nor can it be integrated with leaf testing procedures to achieve phenotypic data integration from samples of the same plant.

[0006] In summary, while existing technologies have made some progress in individual stages (such as separation, cleaning, or spectral analysis), none have solved the challenge of conducting integrated, fully automated, multi-parameter comprehensive testing of the stems and leaves of the same sample in the field. Traditional testing processes are fragmented, lacking a fully integrated solution encompassing sample input, automatic separation, cleaning and dust removal, morphological scanning, mechanical testing, and intelligent sorting. This results in low testing efficiency, poor data correlation, and sample fragility, severely hindering the progress of breeding screening and phenotypic research.

[0007] Therefore, how to develop a towable field stem and leaf comprehensive phenotypic rapid detection device that integrates stem and leaf separation, automatic cleaning, multi-parameter rapid scanning, mechanical testing and intelligent sorting functions, and realizes the fully automated operation from sample input to data output and sorting and packaging on a mobile platform, thereby effectively solving the problems of low efficiency, easy damage to samples and inability to complete comprehensive phenotypic detection on-site in an integrated manner in traditional detection methods, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a towable field stem and leaf comprehensive phenotypic rapid detection device that integrates stem and leaf separation, automatic cleaning, multi-parameter rapid scanning, mechanical testing and intelligent sorting functions into one device. It realizes fully automated operation from sample input to data output and sorting and packaging on a mobile platform, thereby effectively solving the problems of low efficiency, easy damage to samples and inability to complete comprehensive phenotypic detection on site by traditional detection methods.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention discloses a towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid testing device, comprising a vehicle body, a housing, a stem and leaf separation component, a first conveyor belt assembly, a cleaning and dust removal component, a leaf separation component, a transfer component, a vacuum adsorption workbench, a laser scanning component, a moving clamping component, a bending strength testing component, and a second conveyor belt assembly. The housing is fixedly connected to the top of the vehicle body, and the stem and leaf separation component is fixedly connected to the front end of the housing, with its output end communicating with the inner cavity of the housing. The first conveyor belt assembly is disposed in the inner cavity of the housing, with its input end extending outward after penetrating the inner wall of the housing, and is located below the stem and leaf separation component, for receiving and transporting plant stem and leaf samples separated by the stem and leaf separation component. The leaf separation component, the cleaning and dust removal component, and the transfer component are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt assembly. The vacuum adsorption workbench and the second conveyor belt assembly... The conveyor belt assembly is arranged sequentially along the sample flow direction and is arranged side by side with the first conveyor belt assembly in the inner cavity of the box. The leaf separation assembly is used to separate stacked plant leaf samples. The cleaning and dust removal assembly is used to clean the plant stem samples and plant leaf samples. The transfer assembly is used to transfer the cleaned sample to be tested to the vacuum adsorption worktable. The laser scanning assembly is arranged on one side of the vacuum adsorption worktable and is used to scan the shape and size of the sample to be tested. The moving clamping assembly is arranged above the vacuum adsorption worktable and is used to clamp and move the sample to be tested. The bending strength testing assembly is connected to the working end of the moving clamping assembly and is used to perform bending strength testing on the plant stem sample. The second conveyor belt assembly is used to receive the tested sample released by the moving clamping assembly and can be transported in the forward or reverse direction according to the instruction to realize the graded output of the sample.

[0010] Preferably, a partition plate is vertically arranged in the inner cavity of the housing, dividing the inner cavity of the housing into a first working chamber and a second working chamber. The first conveyor belt assembly is disposed in the first working chamber, the initial receiving position of the transfer assembly is located in the first working chamber, and the partition plate is provided with a clearance hole for the transfer assembly to pass through. The vacuum adsorption worktable, laser scanning assembly, moving clamping assembly, bending strength testing assembly, and second conveyor belt assembly are all disposed in the second working chamber. It also includes a CNC panel, which is embedded in the side of the housing. The stem-leaf separation component, the first conveyor belt component, the cleaning and dust removal component, the leaf separation component, the transfer component, the vacuum adsorption worktable, the laser scanning component, the moving clamping component, the bending strength testing component, and the second conveyor belt component are all electrically connected to the CNC panel.

[0011] Preferably, the stem-leaf separation assembly includes a first housing, a first drive motor, a second drive motor, a first vertical limiting plate, a second vertical limiting plate, a first horizontal limiting plate, a second horizontal limiting plate, a first guide roller, a second guide roller, a first threaded rod, a second threaded rod, and a first pressure sensing component. The first housing has a cavity structure with one open end, and its open end is fitted and connected to the front end of the box body. The inner cavity of the first housing is connected to the inner cavity of the box body. A circular opening for the plant stem to pass through is provided at the center of the closed end of the first housing. The outer side of the closed end of the first housing is mirror-symmetrically oriented in the vertical direction. The first vertical limiting plate and the second vertical limiting plate are dynamically connected. The first vertical limiting plate and the second vertical limiting plate are connected by the first threaded rod to achieve synchronous movement towards or away from each other. The closed end of the first housing is provided with a first receiving groove and a second receiving groove in sequence along the horizontal direction. The first transverse limiting plate and the second transverse limiting plate are respectively slidably embedded in the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove, and are connected by the second threaded rod to achieve synchronous movement towards or away from each other. The first transverse limiting plate and the second transverse limiting plate are offset in the horizontal direction. The first drive motor is simultaneously connected to the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod via a bevel gear set, and is used to drive the first vertical limiting plate, the second vertical limiting plate, the first horizontal limiting plate and the second horizontal limiting plate to move synchronously. Both ends of the first vertical limiting plate and the second vertical limiting plate are provided with mounting plates. The first guide roller and the second guide roller are arranged vertically in the inner cavity of the first housing, and both ends of the first guide roller and the second guide roller pass through the side wall of the first housing and are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting plate. The second drive motor is disposed on one of the mounting plates and is connected to the first guide roller to drive its rotation. The first pressure sensing component includes a pressure block, a first guide rod, and a pressure detection block. The bottom of the first vertical limiting plate has a square receiving opening, and the pressure block is slidably received in the square receiving opening. The top of the pressure block is slidably connected to the first vertical limiting plate through at least one of the first guide rods. The bottom of the pressure block and the top of the second vertical limiting plate are both provided with arc-shaped openings adapted to the shape of the plant stem. The pressure detection block is located at the bottom of the square receiving opening and matches the gap between it and the top of the pressure block. When the arc-shaped opening at the bottom of the pressure block contacts the plant stem and moves upward under pressure to abut against the pressure detection block, the pressure detection block sends a signal to control the first drive motor to stop operating.

[0012] Preferably, the first conveyor belt assembly includes a first frame, a first conveyor belt body, and a guide plate. The first conveyor belt body is rotatably connected to the first frame, and the guide plate is inclinedly disposed at the top of the input end of the first frame, with its lower end extending above the bearing surface of the first conveyor belt body, for guiding the plant leaf sample to the middle of the bearing surface of the first conveyor belt body. The cleaning and dust removal assembly includes soft brush rollers, a dust collection mechanism, and a dust collection box. Multiple soft brush rollers are rotatably connected side-by-side to the output end of the first frame and located above the first conveyor belt body. The first conveyor belt body has multiple first through holes arranged in an array. The dust collection mechanism is located below the first frame, and its air inlet is connected to the bottom of the first frame through a dust suction port. It is used to generate negative pressure adsorption on the sample on the first conveyor belt body and to suck up dust. The dust collection box is located below the air outlet of the dust collection mechanism and is used to collect dust. The side wall of the box has a first door corresponding to the position of the dust collection box.

[0013] Preferably, the leaf separation assembly includes a mounting frame, nozzles, and an air pump. The mounting frame is fixed across the top of the first frame. A plurality of nozzles are arranged along the width direction of the first conveyor belt body and fixed on the mounting frame, with their nozzles tilted towards the input end of the first conveyor belt body, opposite to the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt body. The nozzles are connected to the air pump through pipes. The nozzles are located upstream of the soft brush roller. When overlapping plant leaf samples pass through the nozzles along with the first conveyor belt body, the lower leaves are adsorbed by the negative pressure generated by the dust collection mechanism, while the airflow from the nozzles acts on the upper leaves, causing the overlapping leaves to separate from each other.

[0014] Preferably, the transfer assembly includes a second frame, a second conveyor belt body, a first multi-stage electric telescopic rod, a second guide rod, an n-shaped frame, and an image sensor. The second conveyor belt body is rotatably connected to the second frame. The n-shaped frame is fixed on the side of the first frame away from the second working chamber. The first frame has a laterally extending strip-shaped clearance hole. One end of the second guide rod is fixedly connected to the second frame, and the other end of the second guide rod passes through the strip-shaped clearance hole and is slidably connected to the n-shaped frame. The cylinder of the first multi-stage electric telescopic rod is fixed to the n-shaped frame, and the end of its piston rod is fixedly connected to the second frame for driving the second frame and the second conveyor belt body to move laterally along the axial direction of the second guide rod. In the initial state, the second conveyor belt body is located in the first working chamber, and its bearing surface is flush with the bearing surface of the first conveyor belt body. The image sensor is disposed on the first frame for identifying the sample type and position located on the second conveyor belt body.

[0015] Preferably, the vacuum adsorption workbench includes a third frame, a third conveyor belt body, and a negative pressure fan. The third conveyor belt body is rotatably connected to the third frame. The third conveyor belt body has a plurality of second through holes arranged in an array. The negative pressure fan is installed below the third frame, and its air inlet is connected to the lower area of ​​the third conveyor belt body. It is used to adsorb and fix the sample placed on the third conveyor belt body through the second through holes.

[0016] Preferably, the laser scanning assembly includes a first vertical drive module, a first horizontal drive module, and a line laser profilometer. The first vertical drive module is a lead screw slide structure, with its fixed end installed on the side of the partition plate facing the second working chamber. The first horizontal drive module is a linear motor or lead screw slide structure, with its base fixed on the sliding block of the first vertical drive module. The line laser profilometer is installed on the sliding block of the first horizontal drive module. The first vertical drive module is used to drive the line laser profilometer to move vertically, and the first horizontal drive module is used to drive the line laser profilometer to move horizontally, so that the scanning line of the line laser profilometer can cover the sample area to be measured, for non-contact scanning of the sample's length, width, and thickness parameters.

[0017] Preferably, the movable clamping assembly includes a second vertical drive module, a second horizontal drive module, a second multi-stage electric telescopic rod, a rotary driver, a clamping drive module, and two mechanical grippers. The second vertical drive module is fixedly connected to the top of the second working chamber. The second horizontal drive module is mounted on the drive end of the second vertical drive module and is driven by the second vertical drive module to move vertically. The second multi-stage electric telescopic rod is mounted on the drive end of the second horizontal drive module and is driven by the second horizontal drive module to move horizontally. The rotary driver is mounted on the telescopic end of the second multi-stage electric telescopic rod. The clamping drive module is mounted on the rotary output end of the rotary driver, and its drive direction is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the second multi-stage electric telescopic rod. The two mechanical grippers are respectively mounted at both ends of the drive direction of the clamping drive module and are driven by the clamping drive module to move towards or away from each other to adjust the clamping distance between them. The second vertical drive module and the clamping drive module are screw-slide table structures, and the second horizontal drive module is a linear motor or a screw-slide table structure. The bending strength testing assembly includes an electric impact cylinder and a pressure bar type pressure sensor. The electric impact cylinder is fixed on the clamping drive module and located between the two mechanical grippers. The pressure bar type pressure sensor is installed at the impact output end of the electric impact cylinder and is used to apply an impact force to the middle of the plant sample when the mechanical grippers hold the plant sample to perform bending strength testing.

[0018] Preferably, the second conveyor belt assembly includes a fourth frame, a fourth conveyor belt body, a first sample collection box, and a second sample collection box. The fourth frame is fixed to the partition plate, and the fourth conveyor belt body is rotatably connected to the fourth frame. The first sample collection box and the second sample collection box are both located at the bottom of the second working chamber and are respectively located below both ends of the fourth conveyor belt body along its length direction. Furthermore, both the first sample collection box and the second sample collection box are equipped with an automatic sealing device. The mechanical gripper is used to place stem and leaf samples from the same plant that have completed testing onto the fourth conveyor belt body. The fourth conveyor belt body can rotate forward or backward according to the test result command to transport the samples to the corresponding first or second sample collection box to complete sorting and collection. The side wall of the box body is provided with a second box door corresponding to the position of the first and second sample collection boxes.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) This invention integrates the stem and leaf separation component, the first conveyor belt component, the cleaning and dust removal component, the leaf separation component, the transfer component, the vacuum adsorption workbench, the laser scanning component, the mobile clamping component, the bending strength testing component, and the second conveyor belt component into a movable box with a vehicle body, and uses a CNC panel for centralized control. This realizes the fully automated operation from feeding a single plant sample, automatic separation of stems and leaves, sample cleaning and sorting, external dimension scanning, stem mechanical testing to final sorting and packaging. It integrates the complex testing process that originally required multiple devices, multiple people, and multiple steps in the laboratory into a one-stop operation in the field, which greatly improves the testing efficiency and convenience, and significantly reduces labor and time costs. 2) This invention places special emphasis on protecting fragile plant samples during the testing process. A guide plate ensures leaves fall accurately to the center of the conveyor belt; a non-contact pneumatic leaf separation assembly separates overlapping leaves using airflow; an adaptive clamping stem-leaf separation assembly achieves gentle clamping through pressure detection feedback control; a vacuum adsorption stage firmly adsorbs thin leaves using negative pressure to prevent movement and curling; and a moving clamping assembly precisely grasps and transfers samples using multiple degrees of freedom. This series of designs effectively avoids sample squeezing, tearing, or confusion that may occur with traditional manual operation and rough mechanical handling, maximizing the physical integrity of the samples and thus providing a reliable prerequisite for subsequent accurate measurements. 3) This invention divides the internal cavity of the chamber into a pretreatment area and a precision detection area using a physical partition, effectively reducing dust interference. The integrated cleaning and dust removal components can instantly remove dirt and dust from the sample surface before measurement, providing a clean sample surface for optical scanning and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data from the laser scanning components. More importantly, the device can complete all predetermined tests on the stems and leaves of the same plant in a single operation, automatically binding the data with the sample. The sample is then packaged using a second intelligent sorting conveyor belt component, solving the problems of sample damage from multiple transfers, errors in matching different phenotypic data, and difficulty in tracing data from physical samples in traditional methods. This ensures the high quality and integrity of phenotypic data. 4) This invention incorporates a high-precision transfer component and a vacuum adsorption stage in the sample transfer and positioning process. By using an image sensor to identify the sample type and location, and in conjunction with a multi-stage electrically driven lateral movement mechanism, the cleaned stems and leaves can be accurately transferred to the detection area, achieving a smooth transition and precise positioning of the sample between different workstations. The vacuum adsorption stage utilizes negative pressure to firmly adsorb the thin leaves onto the conveyor belt surface, effectively preventing movement or curling during scanning and ensuring the stability and accuracy of the dimensional data acquired by the laser scanning component. 5) This invention achieves automated testing of the mechanical properties of stem samples through the coordinated operation of a movable clamping component and a bending strength testing component. The movable clamping component has multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment capabilities, automatically adjusting the clamping spacing according to the sample length and adjusting the clamping angle via a rotary actuator to adapt to stem samples of different shapes. The bending strength testing component is integrated into the working end of the clamping mechanism. After the mechanical gripper fixes both ends of the stem, an electric impact cylinder drives a pressure bar-type pressure sensor to apply impact force to the middle of the stem, collecting force and displacement data in real time to quickly determine the bending strength. This avoids the cumbersome manual clamping and alignment required in traditional mechanical testing, improving the continuity of the testing process. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a towable field stem and leaf integrated phenotypic rapid detection device of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a towable field stem and leaf integrated phenotypic rapid detection device of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stem-leaf separation component of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stem-leaf separation component of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stem-leaf separation component of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first pressure sensing component and the first vertical limiting plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first conveyor belt assembly, the cleaning and dust removal assembly, the blade separation assembly, and the transfer assembly of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first conveyor belt assembly, the cleaning and dust removal assembly, the blade separation assembly, and the transfer assembly of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum adsorption stage of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser scanning component of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the movable clamping component and the bending strength testing component of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second conveyor belt assembly of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Box body; 201. Partition plate; 202. First working chamber; 203. Second working chamber; 204. First box door; 205. Second box door; 3. Stem-leaf separation assembly; 301. First housing; 302. First drive motor; 303. Second drive motor; 304. First vertical limiting plate; 305. Second vertical limiting plate; 306. First horizontal limiting plate; 307. Second horizontal limiting plate; 308. First guide roller; 309. Second guide roller; 310. First threaded rod; 311. Second threaded rod; 312. Circular opening; 313. Mounting plate; 314. Pressure block; 315. First guide rod; 316. Pressure detection block; 317. Square receiving port; 4. First conveyor belt assembly; 401. First frame; 402. First conveyor belt body; 403. Guide plate; 404. First through hole; 405. Strip-shaped clearance hole; 5. CNC panel; 6. Cleaning and dust removal components; 601. Soft brush roller; 602. Dust collection mechanism; 603. Dust collection box; 604. Dust suction port; 7. Blade separation assembly; 701. Mounting bracket; 702. Nozzle; 8. Transfer assembly; 801. Second frame; 802. Second conveyor belt body; 803. First multi-stage electric telescopic rod; 804. Second guide rod; 805. N-shaped frame; 806. Image sensor; 9. Vacuum adsorption worktable; 901. Third frame; 902. Third conveyor belt body; 903. Negative pressure fan; 904. Second through hole; 10. Laser scanning assembly; 1001. First vertical drive module; 1002. First horizontal drive module; 1003. Line laser profilometer; 11. Moving clamping assembly; 1101. Second vertical drive module; 1102. Second horizontal drive module; 1103. Second multi-stage electric telescopic rod; 1104. Rotary driver; 1105. Clamping drive module; 1106. Mechanical gripper; 12. Bending strength testing assembly; 1201. Electric impact cylinder; 1202. Pressure bar type pressure sensor; 13. Second conveyor belt assembly; 1301. Fourth frame; 1302. Fourth conveyor belt body; 1303. First sample collection box; 1304. Second sample collection box. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1-13 As shown, a towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid testing device includes a vehicle body 1, a box body 2, a stem and leaf separation component 3, a first conveyor belt assembly 4, a cleaning and dust removal component 6, a leaf separation component 7, a transfer component 8, a vacuum adsorption workbench 9, a laser scanning component 10, a moving clamping component 11, a bending strength testing component 12, and a second conveyor belt assembly 13. The box body 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the vehicle body 1. The stem and leaf separation component 3 is fixedly connected to the front end of the box body 2, and its output end is connected to the inner cavity of the box body 2. The first conveyor belt assembly 4 is disposed in the inner cavity of the box body 2, and its input end extends outward after penetrating the inner wall of the box body 2. The first conveyor belt assembly 4 is located below the stem and leaf separation component 3 and is used to receive and transport plant stem and leaf samples separated by the stem and leaf separation component 3. The leaf separation component 7, the cleaning and dust removal component 6, and the transfer component 8 are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt assembly 4. The vacuum adsorption workbench 9... The first and second conveyor belt assemblies 13 are arranged sequentially along the sample flow direction and are arranged side by side with the first conveyor belt assembly 4 in the inner cavity of the housing 2. The leaf separation assembly 7 is used to separate stacked plant leaf samples. The cleaning and dust removal assembly 6 is used to clean the plant stem samples and plant leaf samples. The transfer assembly 8 is used to transfer the cleaned sample to be tested to the vacuum adsorption worktable 9. The laser scanning assembly 10 is arranged on one side of the vacuum adsorption worktable 9 and is used to scan the external dimensions of the sample to be tested. The moving clamping assembly 11 is arranged above the vacuum adsorption worktable 9 and is used to clamp and move the sample to be tested. The bending strength testing assembly 12 is connected to the working end of the moving clamping assembly 11 and is used to perform bending strength testing on the plant stem samples. The second conveyor belt assembly 13 is used to receive the tested samples released by the moving clamping assembly 11 and can be transported in the forward or reverse direction according to instructions to achieve graded output of samples.

[0025] Specifically, the vehicle body 1 is equipped with wheels at the bottom for easy movement in the field. The housing 2 provides protection and support for the entire device. The stem-leaf separation assembly 3 is used to initially separate the stems and leaves upon sample entry. The first conveyor belt assembly 4 is responsible for receiving and transporting these samples. The cleaning and dust removal assembly 6 and the leaf separation assembly 7 clean and organize the samples, while the transfer assembly 8 accurately transfers the samples to the vacuum adsorption workbench 9 for testing. The laser scanning assembly 10 is used to acquire sample size information, the moving clamping assembly 11 is responsible for gripping and moving the samples, and the bending strength testing assembly 12 is specifically used to test the mechanical properties of the stems. Finally, the second conveyor belt assembly 13 sorts and outputs the samples based on the test results. This integrated design integrates multiple phenotypic testing processes into a mobile platform, greatly improving the efficiency and convenience of field testing.

[0026] Specifically, a partition plate 201 is vertically arranged in the inner cavity of the housing 2, dividing the inner cavity of the housing 2 into a first working chamber 202 and a second working chamber 203. The first conveyor belt assembly 4 is disposed in the first working chamber 202, and the initial receiving position of the transfer assembly 8 is located in the first working chamber 202. The partition plate 201 is provided with a clearance hole for the transfer assembly 8 to pass through. The vacuum adsorption worktable 9, the laser scanning assembly 10, the moving clamping assembly 11, the bending strength testing assembly 12, and the second conveyor belt assembly 13 are all disposed in the second working chamber 203. It also includes a CNC panel 5, which is embedded in the side of the housing 2. The stem-leaf separation component 3, the first conveyor belt component 4, the cleaning and dust removal component 6, the leaf separation component 7, the transfer component 8, the vacuum adsorption worktable 9, the laser scanning component 10, the moving clamping component 11, the bending strength testing component 12, and the second conveyor belt component 13 are all electrically connected to the CNC panel 5.

[0027] Specifically, the partition plate 201 divides the inner cavity of the housing 2 into a first working chamber 202 and a second working chamber 203, achieving physical isolation between the sample pretreatment area and the precision detection area, effectively reducing dust and interference. The transfer component 8 moves between the two chambers through the clearance holes on the partition plate 201 to complete the sample transfer. The CNC panel 5 integrates the control system and the human-machine interface, allowing operators to set parameters, start processes, and monitor the working status of all components, achieving one-button automated operation of the device.

[0028] Specifically, the stem-leaf separation assembly 3 includes a first housing 301, a first drive motor 302, a second drive motor 303, a first vertical limiting plate 304, a second vertical limiting plate 305, a first horizontal limiting plate 306, a second horizontal limiting plate 307, a first guide roller 308, a second guide roller 309, a first threaded rod 310, a second threaded rod 311, and a first pressure sensing assembly. The first housing 301 has a cavity structure with one open end, and its open end is fitted and connected to the front end of the box body 2. The inner cavity of the first housing 301 is connected to the inner cavity of the box body 2. A circular opening 312 for the plant stem to pass through is opened at the center of the closed end of the first housing 301. The outer edge of the closed end of the first housing 301 is... The first vertical limiting plate 304 and the second vertical limiting plate 305 are slidably connected in a vertical direction in a mirror-symmetric manner. The first vertical limiting plate 304 and the second vertical limiting plate 305 are connected by the first threaded rod 310 to achieve synchronous movement towards or away from each other. The closed end of the first housing 301 is provided with a first receiving groove and a second receiving groove in sequence along the horizontal direction. The first transverse limiting plate 306 and the second transverse limiting plate 307 are slidably embedded in the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove, respectively, and are connected by the second threaded rod 311 to achieve synchronous movement towards or away from each other. The first transverse limiting plate 306 and the second transverse limiting plate 307 are offset in the horizontal direction. The first drive motor 302 is simultaneously connected to the first threaded rod 310 and the second threaded rod 311 via a bevel gear set, and is used to drive the first vertical limiting plate 304, the second vertical limiting plate 305, the first horizontal limiting plate 306 and the second horizontal limiting plate 307 to move synchronously. Both ends of the first vertical limiting plate 304 and the second vertical limiting plate 305 are provided with mounting plates 313. The first guide roller 308 and the second guide roller 309 are vertically arranged in the inner cavity of the first housing 301, and both ends of the first guide roller 308 and the second guide roller 309 penetrate through the side wall of the first housing 301 and are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting plate 313. The second drive motor 303 is mounted on one of the mounting plates 313 and is connected to the first guide roller 308 to drive its rotation. The first pressure sensing component includes a pressure block 314, a first guide rod 315, and a pressure detection block 316. The bottom of the first vertical limiting plate 304 has a square receiving opening 317. The pressure block 314 is slidably received in the square receiving opening 317. The top of the pressure block 314 is slidably connected to the first vertical limiting plate 304 through at least one of the first guide rods 315. The bottom of the pressure block 314 and the top of the second vertical limiting plate 305 are both provided with arc-shaped openings adapted to the shape of the plant stem. The pressure detection block 316 is located at the bottom of the square receiving opening 317 and matches the gap between it and the top of the pressure block 314. When the arc-shaped opening at the bottom of the pressure block 314 contacts the plant stem and moves upward under pressure to abut against the pressure detection block 316, the pressure detection block 316 sends a signal to control the first drive motor 302 to stop operating.

[0029] Specifically, the working process of the stem-leaf separation component 3 is as follows: The operator feeds the plant stem into the opening of the first housing 301, allowing it to pass through the circular opening 312. The first drive motor 302 simultaneously drives the first threaded rod 310 and the second threaded rod 311 to rotate via a bevel gear set, thereby synchronously adjusting the positions of the first vertical limiting plate 304, the second vertical limiting plate 305, the first horizontal limiting plate 306, and the second horizontal limiting plate 307, forming a clamping channel that adapts to the thickness of the stem. The second drive motor 303 drives the first guide roller 308 to rotate, cooperating with the second guide roller 309 to provide power for conveying the stem into the housing 2 while clamping. When the arc-shaped opening at the bottom of the pressure block 314 contacts the stem and is subjected to pressure, the pressure block 314 slides upward along the first guide rod 315 until it contacts the pressure detection block 316. The pressure detection block 316 is essentially a pressure sensor. When it detects a preset pressure value, it sends a signal, which controls the first drive motor 302 to stop via the CNC panel 5. At this point, the limit plates gently clamp the stem to prevent damage. The leaves are blocked during feeding and fall off naturally.

[0030] Specifically, the first conveyor belt assembly 4 includes a first frame 401, a first conveyor belt body 402, and a guide plate 403. The first conveyor belt body 402 is rotatably connected to the first frame 401. The guide plate 403 is inclinedly disposed at the top of the input end of the first frame 401, with its lower end extending above the bearing surface of the first conveyor belt body 402, for guiding the plant leaf sample to the middle of the bearing surface of the first conveyor belt body 402. The cleaning and dust removal assembly 6 includes a soft brush roller 601, a dust collection mechanism 602, and a dust collection box 603. Multiple soft brush rollers 601 are rotatably connected side by side to the output end of the first frame 401 and located above the first conveyor belt body 402. Multiple first through holes 404 are arrayed on the first conveyor belt body 402. The dust collection mechanism 602 is located below the first frame 401, and the air inlet of the dust collection mechanism 602 is connected to the bottom of the first frame 401 through a dust suction port 604. It is used to generate negative pressure adsorption on the sample on the first conveyor belt body 402 and absorb dust. The dust collection box 603 is located below the air outlet of the dust collection mechanism 602 and is used to collect dust. A first door 204 corresponding to the position of the dust collection box 603 is opened on the side wall of the housing 2.

[0031] Specifically, the guide plate 403 is installed at an angle to guide blades that may fall onto the edge of the first conveyor belt body 402 or the transmission components to the middle of the conveyor belt, ensuring that all samples are effectively conveyed. Multiple soft-bristle brush rollers 601 brush the surfaces of stems and leaves passing beneath them as they rotate. Simultaneously, the dust collection mechanism 602 generates suction through the suction port 604, which acts on the samples via the first through-hole 404 on the first conveyor belt body 402. This suction removes the brushed dust, collecting it in the dust collection box 603; it also adsorbs lightweight blades, preventing them from being brushed away or displaced during the cleaning process. The first door 204 facilitates the periodic removal and cleaning of the dust collection box 603.

[0032] Specifically, the leaf separation assembly 7 includes a mounting frame 701, nozzles 702, and an air pump. The mounting frame 701 is fixed horizontally above the first frame 401. A plurality of nozzles 702 are arranged along the width direction of the first conveyor belt body 402 and fixed on the mounting frame 701, with their nozzles tilted towards the input end of the first conveyor belt body 402, opposite to the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt body 402. The nozzles 702 are connected to the air pump through pipes. The nozzles 702 are located upstream of the soft brush roller 601. When overlapping plant leaf samples pass through the nozzles 702 along with the first conveyor belt body 402, the lower leaves are adsorbed by the negative pressure generated by the dust collection mechanism 602, while the airflow ejected from the nozzles 702 acts on the upper leaves, causing the overlapping leaves to separate from each other.

[0033] Specifically, the air pump generates compressed air and delivers it to multiple nozzles 702 through pipelines. When the overlapping blades pass below the nozzles 702 along with the first conveyor belt body 402, the blades at the bottom are relatively fixed by the negative pressure of the dust collection mechanism 602, while the loose blades at the top are blown away by the reverse airflow from the nozzles 702, thus achieving separation. This non-contact pneumatic separation method effectively avoids physical damage to the fragile blades and ensures the accuracy of subsequent inspections.

[0034] Specifically, the transfer assembly 8 includes a second frame 801, a second conveyor belt body 802, a first multi-stage electric telescopic rod 803, a second guide rod 804, an n-shaped frame 805, and an image sensor 806. The second conveyor belt body 802 is rotatably connected to the second frame 801. The n-shaped frame 805 is fixed to the side of the first frame 801 away from the second working chamber 203. The first frame 401 has a laterally extending strip-shaped clearance hole 405. One end of the second guide rod 804 is fixedly connected to the second frame 801, and the other end of the second guide rod 804 passes through the strip-shaped clearance hole 405 and connects with the n-shaped frame 806. The n-shaped frame 805 is slidably connected, and the cylinder of the first multi-stage electric telescopic rod 803 is fixed on the n-shaped frame 805. The end of its piston rod is fixedly connected to the second frame 801, which is used to drive the second frame 801 and the second conveyor belt body 802 to move laterally along the axial direction of the second guide rod 804. In the initial state, the second conveyor belt body 802 is located in the first working chamber 202, and its bearing surface is flush with the bearing surface of the first conveyor belt body 402. The image sensor 806 is set on the first frame 401 and is used to identify the sample type and position located on the second conveyor belt body 802.

[0035] Specifically, the image sensor 806 captures an image of the second conveyor belt body 802 moving into its field of view, identifies whether the sample is a stem or a leaf, and determines whether it is located at a predetermined central position on the second conveyor belt body 802. If the sample is in place, the first multi-stage electric telescopic rod 803 is activated, pushing the second frame 801 to move laterally along the second guide rod 804, passing through the clearance holes on the partition plate 201, accurately transporting the second conveyor belt body 802 carrying the sample into the second working chamber 203, and connecting its end with the beginning of the third conveyor belt body 902 on the vacuum adsorption worktable 9. Subsequently, by controlling the synchronous operation of the second conveyor belt body 802 and the third conveyor belt body 902, the sample is smoothly transferred onto the vacuum adsorption worktable 9.

[0036] Specifically, the vacuum adsorption workbench 9 includes a third frame 901, a third conveyor belt body 902, and a negative pressure fan 903. The third conveyor belt body 902 is rotatably connected to the third frame 901. The third conveyor belt body 902 has a plurality of second through holes 904 arrayed on it. The negative pressure fan 903 is installed below the third frame 901, and its air intake is connected to the lower area of ​​the third conveyor belt body 902. It is used to adsorb and fix the sample placed on the third conveyor belt body 902 through the second through holes 904.

[0037] Specifically, after the negative pressure fan 903 is started, a negative pressure chamber is formed below the third conveyor belt body 902. This negative pressure acts on the sample placed on the third conveyor belt body 902 through the second through hole 904, generating an adsorption force perpendicular to the belt surface, thereby firmly adsorbing and fixing the thin blades, in particular, to the worktable surface, preventing them from moving or curling during scanning or testing, and providing a stable platform for laser scanning and subsequent operations.

[0038] Specifically, the laser scanning assembly 10 includes a first vertical drive module 1001, a first horizontal drive module 1002, and a line laser profilometer 1003. The first vertical drive module 1001 is a lead screw slide structure, with its fixed end installed on the side of the partition plate 201 facing the second working chamber 203. The first horizontal drive module 1002 is a linear motor or lead screw slide structure, with its base fixed on the sliding block of the first vertical drive module 1001. The line laser profilometer 1003 is installed on the sliding block of the first horizontal drive module 1002. The first vertical drive module 1001 is used to drive the line laser profilometer 1003 to move vertically, and the first horizontal drive module 1002 is used to drive the line laser profilometer 1003 to move horizontally, so that the scanning line of the line laser profilometer 1003 can cover the sample area to be tested, for non-contact scanning of the sample's length, width, and thickness parameters.

[0039] Specifically, both the first vertical drive module 1001 and the first horizontal drive module 1002 are driven by servo motors, enabling high-precision positioning. A line laser profilometer 1003 projects a laser line onto the sample surface and receives the reflected light through a built-in camera, thereby calculating the contour height information of the position illuminated by the laser line. Through the coordinated movement of the two drive modules, the laser line scans the entire area of ​​the sample, thus quickly and non-contactly reconstructing the three-dimensional shape of the sample and accurately obtaining its morphological phenotypic parameters such as length, width, and thickness (or diameter).

[0040] Specifically, the movable clamping assembly 11 includes a second vertical drive module 1101, a second horizontal drive module 1102, a second multi-stage electric telescopic rod 1103, a rotary driver 1104, a clamping drive module 1105, and two mechanical grippers 1106. The second vertical drive module 1101 is fixedly connected to the top of the second working chamber 203. The second horizontal drive module 1102 is mounted on the drive end of the second vertical drive module 1101 and is driven by the second vertical drive module 1101 to move vertically. The second multi-stage electric telescopic rod 1103 is mounted on the drive end of the second horizontal drive module 1102 and is driven by the second horizontal drive module 1102 to move vertically. For horizontal movement, the rotary driver 1104 is installed at the telescopic end of the second multi-stage electric telescopic rod 1103, and the clamping drive module 1105 is installed on the rotary output end of the rotary driver 1104. Its driving direction is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the second multi-stage electric telescopic rod 1103. The two mechanical grippers 1106 are respectively installed at both ends of the driving direction of the clamping drive module 1105. The clamping drive module 1105 drives the two to move towards or away from each other to adjust the clamping distance between them. The second vertical drive module 1101 and the clamping drive module 1105 are screw-slide table structures, and the second horizontal drive module 1102 is a linear motor or screw-slide table structure. Specifically, both gripping finger surfaces of the two mechanical grippers 1106 are provided with flexible anti-slip pads, which are made of silicone or rubber. A pressure sensor is integrated inside or at the drive end of each mechanical gripper 1106. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the CNC panel 5 and is used to monitor the gripping force value in real time during the gripping process. The CNC panel 5 controls the stroke of the gripping drive module 1105 to maintain the gripping force within a preset safety threshold range and prevent damage to the plant sample.

[0041] The bending strength testing assembly 12 includes an electric impact cylinder 1201 and a pressure bar type pressure sensor 1202. The electric impact cylinder 1201 is fixed on the clamping drive module 1105 and located between the two mechanical grippers 1106. The pressure bar type pressure sensor 1202 is installed at the impact output end of the electric impact cylinder 1201 and is used to apply an impact force to the middle of the plant sample when the mechanical gripper 1106 clamps the plant sample to perform a bending strength test.

[0042] Specifically, the moving clamping assembly 11, through the cooperation of the second vertical drive module 1101, the second horizontal drive module 1102, and the second multi-stage electric telescopic rod 1103, achieves precise positioning of the mechanical gripper 1106 in three-dimensional space. The rotary driver 1104 can adjust the clamping angle of the mechanical gripper 1106. The clamping drive module 1105 (such as a small lead screw slide) is used to adjust the distance between the two mechanical grippers 1106 according to the sample length. The mechanical gripper 1106 itself is a pneumatic or electric gripper used to finally grasp the sample. During the bending strength test, the mechanical gripper 1106 clamps both ends of the stem, and the electric impact cylinder 1201 drives the pressure bar type pressure sensor 1202 to move downward, applying a force to the middle of the stem. The sensor records the force value and displacement in real time, thereby calculating the bending strength of the stem.

[0043] Specifically, the second conveyor belt assembly 13 includes a fourth frame 1301, a fourth conveyor belt body 1302, a first sample collection box 1303, and a second sample collection box 1304. The fourth frame 1301 is fixed on the partition plate 201, and the fourth conveyor belt body 1302 is rotatably connected to the fourth frame 1301. The first sample collection box 1303 and the second sample collection box 1304 are both located at the bottom of the second working chamber 203 and are respectively located below both ends of the fourth conveyor belt body 1302 along its length direction. Both the first sample collection box 1303 and the second sample collection box 1304 are equipped with an automatic sealing device. The mechanical gripper 1106 is used to place stem and leaf samples of the same plant that have been tested onto the fourth conveyor belt body 1302. The fourth conveyor belt body 1302 can rotate forward or backward according to the test result command to transport the samples to the corresponding first sample collection box 1303 or second sample collection box 1304 to complete sorting and collection. The side wall of the box 2 is provided with a second box door 205 corresponding to the position of the first sample collection box 1303 and the second sample collection box 1304.

[0044] Specifically, the automatic packaging device is integrated into the sample collection box, and can be a heat sealer or an automatic cable tie machine, etc., used to individually package the samples of the same group that fall into the box. After all the stems and leaves of the same plant have completed all tests, the moving clamping assembly 11 places them sequentially onto the fourth conveyor belt body 1302. The control system generates instructions based on the comprehensive test results (such as whether the morphological and strength indicators meet the standards), controlling the fourth conveyor belt body 1302 to rotate forward or backward, sending the sample group into the corresponding first sample collection box 1303 (e.g., qualified products) or second sample collection box 1304 (e.g., unqualified products), and triggering the automatic packaging device to pack them. The second box door 205 is used to remove the packaged sample set.

[0045] The usage process of this invention is as follows: First, the operator feeds the plant stem to be tested into the opening end of the first housing 301 of the stem-leaf separation component 3. The first drive motor 302 drives the first vertical limiting plate 304, the second vertical limiting plate 305, the first horizontal limiting plate 306, and the second horizontal limiting plate 307 to move synchronously, adaptively clamping the stem. The second drive motor 303 drives the first guide roller 308 to rotate, cooperating with the second guide roller 309 to transport the stem into the housing 2. During this process, the leaves are peeled off and fall naturally to the input end of the first conveyor belt assembly 4 located below, while the stem enters the housing 2 through the circular opening 312 and falls onto the first conveyor belt body 402. Secondly, the stem and leaf samples that fall onto the first conveyor belt body 402 are conveyed backward by the conveyor belt. When passing the leaf separation assembly 7, the negative pressure generated by the dust collection mechanism 602 adsorbs and fixes the lower layer of overlapping leaves, while the reverse airflow ejected from the nozzle 702 blows open the upper layer of leaves, achieving leaf separation. Subsequently, the sample enters the working area of ​​the cleaning and dust removal assembly 6, where the rotating soft brush roller 601 brushes its surface, while the dust collection mechanism 602 continuously sucks away dust and impurities through the first through hole 404 and collects them in the dust collection box 603, completing the cleaning of the sample; Next, the cleaned sample is transported by the first conveyor belt body 402 to the location of the transfer assembly 8. After the image sensor 806 identifies the sample type and its position on the second conveyor belt body 802, the first multi-stage electric telescopic rod 803 is activated, pushing the entire second frame 801 to move laterally, passing through the clearance holes on the partition plate 201, and sending the second conveyor belt body 802 and the sample it carries into the second working chamber 203. Through the connection with the third conveyor belt body 902 of the vacuum adsorption worktable 9, the sample is smoothly transferred to the vacuum adsorption worktable 9. Then, the negative pressure fan 903 starts, firmly adsorbing the sample (especially thin blades) onto the surface of the third conveyor belt body 902 through the second through hole 904. The laser scanning component 10 starts working, with the first vertical drive module 1001 and the first horizontal drive module 1002 driving the line laser profilometer 1003 to move, performing a non-contact three-dimensional scan of the sample to obtain its dimensional parameters such as length, width, and thickness. After scanning, the CNC panel 5 controls the negative pressure fan 903 to temporarily stop or reduce its speed to weaken the adsorption negative pressure, leaving the sample in a free-placed or slightly adsorbed state for subsequent gripping operations. Next, the moving clamping component 11 starts operating, with the second vertical drive module 1101, the second horizontal drive module 1102, and the second multi-stage electric telescopic rod 1103 working together to drive the mechanical gripper 1106 to position and grip the sample. After the mechanical gripper 1106 finishes gripping the sample, the CNC panel 5 controls the negative pressure fan 903 to return to normal adsorption state to fix the next sample to be tested. If the sample is a stem, the mechanical gripper 1106 will clamp and fix it, and then the electric impact cylinder 1201 of the bending strength testing component 12 will drive the pressure bar type pressure sensor 1202 to apply pressure to the middle of the stem to complete the bending strength test. For leaf samples, the mechanical gripper 1106 will directly perform the transfer operation. Finally, after all the stem and leaf samples from the same plant have completed all the testing items, the mechanical gripper 1106 of the moving clamping assembly 11 places them sequentially onto the fourth conveyor belt body 1302 of the second conveyor belt assembly 13. During this process, the image sensor 806 of the transfer assembly 8 continuously monitors the junction area between the output end of the first conveyor belt body 402 and the second conveyor belt body 802. When the stem and leaf samples of a plant have passed through this junction area in sequence and completely entered the second working chamber 203, if the first conveyor belt body 402 continues to idle, the image sensor 806 will not detect any new target objects in its monitoring screen. At this time, the timing module in the CNC panel 5 begins to accumulate the idle time. When the time reaches the preset threshold, the system determines that the testing task of the current batch has been completed and no more samples from the same batch will enter. After the determination is made, the CNC panel 5 generates a control command based on the comprehensive judgment of the previous test results of the stems and leaves, controlling the fourth conveyor belt body 1302 to rotate forward or backward, transporting the same plant sample group to the corresponding first sample collection box 1303 or second sample collection box 1304. After the sample falls into the collection box, the CNC panel 5 immediately sends a sealing command to the automatic sealing device in the collection box to seal and package the group of samples that have fallen into the box, and prompts the operator through the display screen of the CNC panel 5 that "the current batch has been sealed and the next plant can be fed in". The operator can periodically take out the packaged sample set through the second box door 205, thus completing the fully automated process from single plant sample input to testing, sorting, and packaging output.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0047] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A towable field-based rapid phenotypic detection device for stems and leaves, characterized in that: The assembly includes a vehicle body (1), a box body (2), a stem-leaf separation assembly (3), a first conveyor belt assembly (4), a cleaning and dust removal assembly (6), a blade separation assembly (7), a transfer assembly (8), a vacuum adsorption workbench (9), a laser scanning assembly (10), a moving clamping assembly (11), a bending strength testing assembly (12), and a second conveyor belt assembly (13). The box body (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the vehicle body (1), and the stem-leaf separation assembly (3) is fixedly connected to the front end of the box body (2). Its output end is connected to the box body (2). The inner cavities are interconnected. The first conveyor belt assembly (4) is located in the inner cavity of the box (2). Its input end extends outward after penetrating the inner wall of the box (2). The first conveyor belt assembly (4) is located below the stem and leaf separation assembly (3) and is used to receive and transport plant stem samples and plant leaf samples separated by the stem and leaf separation assembly (3). The leaf separation assembly (7), the cleaning and dust removal assembly (6), and the transfer assembly (8) are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt assembly (4). The vacuum adsorption workbench (9) and the second conveyor belt assembly (13) are arranged sequentially along the sample flow direction and are arranged side by side with the first conveyor belt assembly (4) in the inner cavity of the box (2). The leaf separation assembly (7) is used to separate the stacked plant leaf samples. The cleaning and dust removal assembly (6) is used to clean the plant stem samples and plant leaf samples. The transfer assembly (8) is used to transfer the cleaned sample to be tested to the vacuum adsorption workbench (9). The laser scanning assembly (10) is set on one side of the vacuum adsorption workbench (9) and is used to scan the external dimensions of the sample to be tested. The moving clamping assembly (11) is set above the vacuum adsorption workbench (9) and is used to clamp and move the sample to be tested. The bending strength testing assembly (12) is connected to the working end of the moving clamping assembly (11) and is used to perform bending strength testing on the plant stem samples. The second conveyor belt assembly (13) is used to receive the tested sample released by the moving clamping assembly (11) and can be transported in the forward or reverse direction according to the instruction to realize the graded output of the sample.

2. The towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition plate (201) is vertically arranged in the inner cavity of the box (2), which divides the inner cavity of the box (2) into a first working chamber (202) and a second working chamber (203). The first conveyor belt assembly (4) is arranged in the first working chamber (202), and the initial receiving position of the transfer assembly (8) is located in the first working chamber (202). The partition plate (201) is provided with a clearance hole for the transfer assembly (8) to pass through. The vacuum adsorption worktable (9), laser scanning assembly (10), moving clamping assembly (11), bending strength testing assembly (12), and second conveyor belt assembly (13) are all arranged in the second working chamber (203). It also includes a CNC panel (5), which is embedded in the side of the housing (2). The stem-leaf separation assembly (3), the first conveyor belt assembly (4), the cleaning and dust removal assembly (6), the leaf separation assembly (7), the transfer assembly (8), the vacuum adsorption worktable (9), the laser scanning assembly (10), the moving clamping assembly (11), the bending strength testing assembly (12), and the second conveyor belt assembly (13) are all electrically connected to the CNC panel (5).

3. The towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stem-leaf separation component (3) includes a first housing (301), a first drive motor (302), a second drive motor (303), a first vertical limiting plate (304), a second vertical limiting plate (305), a first horizontal limiting plate (306), a second horizontal limiting plate (307), a first guide roller (308), a second guide roller (309), a first threaded rod (310), a second threaded rod (311), and a first pressure sensing component. The first housing (301) has a cavity structure with one open end, and its open end is fitted and connected to the front end of the box body (2). The inner cavity of the first housing (301) is connected to the inner cavity of the box body (2). A circular opening (312) for the plant stem to pass through is opened at the center of the closed end of the first housing (301). The closed end is symmetrically connected to the first vertical limiting plate (304) and the second vertical limiting plate (305) in the vertical direction. The first vertical limiting plate (304) and the second vertical limiting plate (305) are connected by the first threaded rod (310) to achieve synchronous movement towards or away from each other. The closed end of the first housing (301) is provided with a first receiving groove and a second receiving groove in the horizontal direction. The first transverse limiting plate (306) and the second transverse limiting plate (307) are respectively slidably embedded in the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove, and are connected by the second threaded rod (311) to achieve synchronous movement towards or away from each other. The first transverse limiting plate (306) and the second transverse limiting plate (307) are offset in the horizontal direction. The first drive motor (302) is simultaneously connected to the first threaded rod (310) and the second threaded rod (311) via a bevel gear set, and is used to drive the first vertical limiting plate (304), the second vertical limiting plate (305), the first horizontal limiting plate (306) and the second horizontal limiting plate (307) to move synchronously. The first vertical limiting plate (304) and the second vertical limiting plate (305) are provided with mounting plates (313) at both ends. The first guide roller (308) and the second guide roller (309) are arranged vertically in the inner cavity of the first housing (301), and the two ends of the first guide roller (308) and the second guide roller (309) pass through the side wall of the first housing (301) and are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting plate (313). The second drive motor (303) is mounted on one of the mounting plates (313) and is connected to the first guide roller (308) to drive it to rotate. The first pressure sensing component includes a pressure block (314), a first guide rod (315), and a pressure detection block (316). A square receiving opening (317) is provided at the bottom of the first vertical limiting plate (304). The pressure block (314) is slidably received within the square receiving opening (317). The top of the pressure block (314) is slidably connected to the first vertical limiting plate (304) via at least one of the first guide rods (315). The bottom of the pressure block (314) and the... The top of the second vertical limiting plate (305) is provided with an arc-shaped opening that matches the shape of the plant stem. The pressure detection block (316) is located at the bottom of the square receiving opening (317) and matches the gap at the top of the pressure block (314). When the arc-shaped opening at the bottom of the pressure block (314) contacts the plant stem and is pressed upward to abut against the pressure detection block (316), the pressure detection block (316) sends a signal to control the first drive motor (302) to stop running.

4. The towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first conveyor belt assembly (4) includes a first frame (401), a first conveyor belt body (402), and a guide plate (403). The first conveyor belt body (402) is rotatably connected to the first frame (401). The guide plate (403) is inclinedly disposed at the top of the input end of the first frame (401), and its lower end extends above the bearing surface of the first conveyor belt body (402) for guiding the plant leaf sample to the middle of the bearing surface of the first conveyor belt body (402). The cleaning and dust removal assembly (6) includes a soft brush roller (601), a dust collection mechanism (602), and a dust collection box (603). Multiple soft brush rollers (601) are rotatably connected side by side to the output end of the first frame (401) and located above the first conveyor belt body (402). Multiple first through holes (404) are arrayed on the first conveyor belt body (402). The dust collection mechanism (602) is located below the first frame (401), and the air inlet of the dust collection mechanism (602) is connected to the bottom of the first frame (401) through a dust suction port (604) to generate negative pressure adsorption on the sample on the first conveyor belt body (402) and absorb dust. The dust collection box (603) is located below the air outlet of the dust collection mechanism (602) and is used to collect dust. A first door (204) corresponding to the position of the dust collection box (603) is opened on the side wall of the box body (2).

5. A towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The leaf separation assembly (7) includes a mounting frame (701), a nozzle (702), and an air pump. The mounting frame (701) is fixed across the top of the first frame (401). A plurality of nozzles (702) are arranged along the width direction of the first conveyor belt body (402) and fixed on the mounting frame (701). Their nozzles are tilted towards the input end of the first conveyor belt body (402) and opposite to the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt body (402). The nozzles (702) are connected to the air pump through pipes. The nozzles (702) are located upstream of the soft brush roller (601). When the overlapping plant leaf samples pass through the nozzles (702) along with the first conveyor belt body (402), the lower leaves are adsorbed by the negative pressure generated by the dust collection mechanism (602), while the airflow ejected by the nozzles (702) acts on the upper leaves, causing the overlapping leaves to separate from each other.

6. The towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transfer assembly (8) includes a second frame (801), a second conveyor belt body (802), a first multi-stage electric telescopic rod (803), a second guide rod (804), an n-shaped frame (805), and an image sensor (806). The second conveyor belt body (802) is rotatably connected to the second frame (801). The n-shaped frame (805) is fixed to the side of the first frame (401) away from the second working chamber (203). The first frame (401) has a laterally extending strip-shaped clearance hole (405). One end of the second guide rod (804) is fixedly connected to the second frame (801), and the other end of the second guide rod (804) passes through the strip-shaped clearance hole (405) and then... The n-shaped frame (805) is slidably connected, and the cylinder of the first multi-stage electric telescopic rod (803) is fixed on the n-shaped frame (805). The end of its piston rod is fixedly connected to the second frame (801) for driving the second frame (801) and the second conveyor belt body (802) to move laterally along the axis of the second guide rod (804). In the initial state, the second conveyor belt body (802) is located in the first working chamber (202), and its bearing surface is flush with the bearing surface of the first conveyor belt body (402). The image sensor (806) is set on the first frame (401) for identifying the sample type and position located on the second conveyor belt body (802).

7. A towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vacuum adsorption workbench (9) includes a third frame (901), a third conveyor belt body (902), and a negative pressure fan (903). The third conveyor belt body (902) is rotatably connected to the third frame (901). The third conveyor belt body (902) has multiple second through holes (904) arrayed on it. The negative pressure fan (903) is installed below the third frame (901), and its air inlet is connected to the lower area of ​​the third conveyor belt body (902) for adsorbing and fixing the sample placed on the third conveyor belt body (902) through the second through holes (904).

8. A towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser scanning assembly (10) includes a first vertical drive module (1001), a first horizontal drive module (1002), and a line laser profilometer (1003). The first vertical drive module (1001) is a lead screw slide structure, and its fixed end is installed on the side of the partition plate (201) facing the second working chamber (203). The first horizontal drive module (1002) is a linear motor or lead screw slide structure, and its base is fixed on the sliding block of the first vertical drive module (1001). The line laser profilometer (1003) is mounted on the sliding block of the first horizontal drive module (1002). The first vertical drive module (1001) is used to drive the line laser profilometer (1003) to move vertically, and the first horizontal drive module (1002) is used to drive the line laser profilometer (1003) to move horizontally, so that the scanning line of the line laser profilometer (1003) can cover the sample area to be tested, for non-contact scanning of the length, width and thickness parameters of the sample.

9. A towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable clamping assembly (11) includes a second vertical drive module (1101), a second horizontal drive module (1102), a second multi-stage electric telescopic rod (1103), a rotary driver (1104), a clamping drive module (1105), and two mechanical grippers (1106). The second vertical drive module (1101) is fixedly connected to the top of the second working chamber (203). The second horizontal drive module (1102) is mounted on the drive end of the second vertical drive module (1101) and is driven by the second vertical drive module (1101) to move vertically. The second multi-stage electric telescopic rod (1103) is mounted on the drive end of the second horizontal drive module (1102) and is driven by the second horizontal drive module (1102). It moves horizontally. The rotary driver (1104) is installed at the telescopic end of the second multi-stage electric telescopic rod (1103). The clamping drive module (1105) is installed on the rotary output end of the rotary driver (1104). Its driving direction is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the second multi-stage electric telescopic rod (1103). The two mechanical grippers (1106) are respectively installed at both ends of the driving direction of the clamping drive module (1105). The clamping drive module (1105) drives the two to move towards each other or away from each other to adjust the clamping distance between them. The second vertical drive module (1101) and the clamping drive module (1105) are screw and slide table structures, and the second horizontal drive module (1102) is a linear motor or screw and slide table structure. The bending strength testing assembly (12) includes an electric impact cylinder (1201) and a pressure bar type pressure sensor (1202). The electric impact cylinder (1201) is fixed on the clamping drive module (1105) and located between the two mechanical grippers (1106). The pressure bar type pressure sensor (1202) is installed at the impact output end of the electric impact cylinder (1201) and is used to apply an impact force to the middle of the plant sample when the mechanical gripper (1106) clamps the plant sample to perform a bending strength test.

10. A towable field stem and leaf phenotypic rapid detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second conveyor belt assembly (13) includes a fourth frame (1301), a fourth conveyor belt body (1302), a first sample collection box (1303), and a second sample collection box (1304). The fourth frame (1301) is fixed on the partition plate (201), and the fourth conveyor belt body (1302) is rotatably connected to the fourth frame (1301). The first sample collection box (1303) and the second sample collection box (1304) are both located at the bottom of the second working chamber (203) and are respectively located below both ends of the fourth conveyor belt body (1302) along its length direction. The first sample collection box (1303) and the second sample collection box (1304) are both equipped with an automatic sealing device. The mechanical gripper (1106) is used to place the stem and leaf samples of the same plant that have been tested onto the fourth conveyor belt body (1302). The fourth conveyor belt body (1302) can rotate forward or backward according to the test result instruction to transport the sample to the corresponding first sample collection box (1303) or second sample collection box (1304) to complete sorting and collection. The side wall of the box body (2) is provided with a second box door (205) corresponding to the position of the first sample collection box (1303) and the second sample collection box (1304).

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