Concrete permeability meter

Abstract

The application relates to the field of concrete impermeability detection, and provides a concrete impermeability tester, which comprises a base, a test mold and a sealing assembly; the base is used for placing a test block; a water passing hole is arranged on the base and is used for allowing test water to pass through and extrude the bottom of the test block; the test mold is arranged outside the test block; a first annular groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the test mold; the sealing assembly comprises a first sealing gasket and a flexible bag; the first sealing gasket is annular and is sleeved on the outer side wall of the test block; the first sealing gasket is at least partially communicated with the first annular groove; the flexible bag is arranged in the first annular groove; the flexible bag is annular and is outside the test block; the flexible bag is configured to be filled with fluid medium to expand and extrude the first sealing gasket, so that the first sealing gasket is tightly attached to the test block. The application solves the problems of poor sealing performance and high cost in the impermeability process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of concrete impermeability testing, and more particularly to a concrete impermeability meter. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of construction engineering, concrete is a widely used building material, and its impermeability is crucial to the durability and safety of buildings. With the continuous development of the construction industry, the demand for accurate testing of concrete impermeability is increasing. Accurate impermeability testing helps engineers assess the waterproofing capacity of concrete structures under different environments, thereby ensuring the quality of buildings, reducing structural damage and safety hazards caused by leakage problems, and playing a vital role in ensuring the long-term stable operation of construction projects.

[0003] Traditionally, a standard permeability meter is used to test the impermeability of concrete. A common method involves placing a test block in a mold and pressing test water against the bottom of the block, observing whether the water can penetrate the block within a certain time to determine its impermeability. During the test, it is necessary to prevent test water from passing between the outer wall of the test block and the inner wall of the mold to avoid interfering with the test results. Currently, common practices to avoid this problem include: 1. placing a sealing gasket or paraffin-rosin mixture between the outer wall of the test block and the inner wall of the mold for sealing; 2. embedding water pipes during the casting process and introducing test water into the pipes during testing, allowing the test water to permeate from the inside of the test block to the outside.

[0004] However, existing testing methods have significant drawbacks. Using paraffin-rosin mixtures and pre-embedded water pipes is cumbersome and costly; furthermore, paraffin-rosin mixtures pose certain health risks. When using pre-embedded water pipes for impermeability testing, the test water seeps in all directions, making it difficult to assess the impermeability of the test block in a specific direction. Furthermore, test blocks with pre-embedded water pipes always differ from standard test blocks in terms of material properties, interfering with the assessment of impermeability. While using sealing gaskets is convenient, current standard test blocks come in various structures such as cylindrical and frustum shapes. Due to differences in test block shape, manufacturing precision errors, and gasket fatigue errors, the gasket may not adhere tightly to the sidewalls of the test block, resulting in poor sealing performance and the possibility of leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issues of poor sealing performance and high cost during the anti-seepage process, this application provides a concrete anti-seepage instrument.

[0006] The concrete permeability tester provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A concrete permeability tester, comprising: A base for holding the test block; the base is provided with a water passage hole for the test water to pass through and squeeze the bottom of the test block; A test mold is placed over the outside of the test block, and a first annular groove is provided on the inner sidewall of the test mold; A sealing assembly includes a first sealing gasket and a flexible bladder. The first sealing gasket is annular and sleeved on the outer side wall of the test block, and the first sealing gasket is at least partially in communication with the first annular groove. The flexible bladder is disposed in the first annular groove, and the flexible bladder is annular and located on the outside of the test block. The flexible bladder is configured to allow the introduction of a fluid medium to expand and compress the first sealing gasket, so that the first sealing gasket is tightly attached to the test block.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the base can hold the test block and use the water passage to allow test water to squeeze the bottom of the test block. The test mold covers the outside of the test block, and the first annular groove on its inner sidewall provides installation space for the flexible bladder. The first sealing gasket of the sealing component is sleeved on the outer sidewall of the test block. After the flexible bladder is circulated with fluid medium and expands, it squeezes the first sealing gasket to make it fit tightly against the test block, thereby enhancing the sealing between the test block and the test mold, preventing test water leakage, and ensuring the accuracy of the anti-permeability test.

[0008] Optionally, the first sealing gasket includes an upper sealing portion, a middle sealing portion, and a lower sealing portion, wherein the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion are both sandwiched between the inner sidewall of the mold and the outer sidewall of the test block; and the middle sealing portion is sandwiched between the flexible bladder and the outer sidewall of the test block.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper and lower sealing parts are clamped between the inner wall of the mold and the outer wall of the test block, and the middle sealing part is clamped between the flexible bladder and the outer wall of the test block. This ensures that all parts of the first sealing gasket are in close contact with the test block, enhances the sealing effect, reduces the possibility of test water seeping out from the gap between the test block and the mold, and improves the accuracy of the concrete permeability test results.

[0010] Optionally, the pressure of the fluid medium is greater than the water pressure of the test water.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, in the concrete permeability tester, because the pressure of the fluid medium is greater than the water pressure of the test water, the flexible bladder can expand more fully to squeeze the first sealing gasket, allowing the first sealing gasket to fit more tightly with the test block, enhancing the sealing effect, preventing the test water from seeping out from between the test block and the mold, and ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0012] Optionally, a second annular groove is provided on the inner sidewall of the test mold; The lower half of the upper sealing part is provided with a permeation hole, which is connected to the second annular groove; a water permeation detection element is provided in the second annular groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the permeation hole is connected to the second annular groove, and a water permeation detection element is set in the second annular groove. This allows the water permeation detection element to detect the water that has permeated to the upper sealing part in a timely manner when the lower sealing part and the middle sealing part fail to prevent the test water from permeating, so as to understand the sealing condition.

[0014] Optionally, the mold is provided with a drainage hole that communicates with the second annular groove.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, it is easy to drain the water that seeps into the second annular tank in a timely manner, avoiding water accumulation from affecting the detection and judgment. It can also be used for cleaning and maintenance, improving the practicality and maintenance convenience of the equipment.

[0016] Optionally, the inner wall of the test mold is provided with corrugations, which are used to abut against the upper sealing part and / or the lower sealing part.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the corrugated pattern increases the contact area and frictional resistance between the inner wall of the mold and the upper and lower sealing parts, forming a labyrinth-like sealing structure, which improves the static sealing performance. At the same time, the corrugated pattern's concave and convex structure can better accommodate and fix the sealing gasket, preventing the sealing gasket from shifting or deforming under high pressure.

[0018] Optionally, the top of the mold is provided with a step, and the step presses against the top surface of the test block; The sealing assembly further includes a second sealing gasket and a third sealing gasket, wherein the second sealing gasket is disposed between the base and the test block; and the third sealing gasket is disposed between the test block and the step.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the axial sealing of the top of the test block is achieved through the cooperation of the step and the third sealing gasket, and the axial sealing of the bottom of the test block is achieved through the second sealing gasket. Together with the lateral first sealing gasket and flexible bladder and other sealing structures, a three-dimensional sealing system is formed, which comprehensively prevents test water from leaking from the top or bottom edge of the test block and achieves all-round sealing protection.

[0020] Optionally, the concrete permeability tester further includes a drive assembly for driving the mold to move so that the mold presses down on the test block or separates from the test block.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the automatic clamping and separation of the mold and the test block are realized. The operation is labor-saving and convenient, and the testing efficiency is improved. At the same time, it ensures that the clamping force applied by the mold to the test block is uniform and consistent, further improving the reliability of the seal.

[0022] Optionally, an observation hole is provided on the top wall of the test mold.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, operators can directly observe the water seepage on the top surface of the test block and monitor the anti-seepage performance of the test block in real time. It is possible to determine whether the test block has been seeped without disassembling the test mold, which improves the intuitiveness and convenience of the test.

[0024] Optionally, the concrete permeability tester further includes a pressure member, which is used to limit the position of the test block when the mold separates from the test block.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the test block is prevented from moving along with the mold when it is moved upwards and separated, ensuring that the test block is always stably placed on the base, which facilitates the smooth removal of the mold and subsequent operations, and improves the safety and convenience of using the equipment.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Adaptive lateral sealing is achieved through the cooperation of the flexible bladder and the first sealing gasket, which solves the problem of poor sealing caused by the difference in shape and size of the test block and the fatigue of the sealing gasket in the traditional sealing method. It significantly improves the sealing performance and has a simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, safety and environmental protection. 2. By dividing the first sealing gasket into an upper sealing part, a middle sealing part and a lower sealing part, a multi-seal structure is formed. The upper sealing part and the lower sealing part achieve static sealing, while the middle sealing part achieves dynamic adaptive sealing under the compression of the flexible bladder, which further improves the reliability and stability of the seal. Even if there are dimensional deviations in the test block, a good sealing effect can be guaranteed. 3. By setting a second annular groove, a water penetration detection element, and a drain hole, when the lower and middle sealing parts are not effectively sealed, the water that seeps in tends to flow into the second annular groove and out through the drain hole, rather than breaking through the seal of the upper sealing part; in addition, by detecting whether there is water penetration in the second annular groove through the water penetration detection element, it can help to understand whether the lower and middle sealing parts have achieved effective sealing. 4. By setting the pressure of the flexible bladder on the first sealing gasket to be greater than the pressure of the test water on the sealing interface, leakage is effectively prevented from being caused by the test water breaking through the sealing interface, thus fundamentally ensuring the reliability of the seal and the accuracy of the test. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the concrete permeability tester provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the base and test mold of the concrete permeability tester provided in this application; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the base, mold, and sealing components of the concrete permeability tester provided in this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Base; 11. Drainage hole; 2. Trial mold; 21. First annular groove; 22. Second annular groove; 23. Drainage hole; 24. Wavy pattern; 25. Step; 26. Observation hole; 27. Medium channel; 3. Sealing assembly; 31. First sealing gasket; 311. Upper sealing part; 3111. Permeation hole; 312. Middle sealing part; 313. Lower sealing part; 32. Flexible bladder; 33. Second sealing gasket; 34. Third sealing gasket; 4. Drive assembly; 41. First cylinder; 42. Lifting plate; 43. Connecting parts; 5. Pressing component; 200. Test block. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a concrete permeability tester, including a base 1, a test mold 2, a sealing component 3, a driving component 4, and a pressing component 5.

[0031] The base 1 is used to support the concrete test block 200. The base 1 can be made of cast iron or stainless steel, possessing sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the pressure of the test water. The upper surface of the base 1 has a support plane adapted to the bottom surface of the test block 200, which is precision-machined to ensure flatness. A water passage hole 11 is located at the center of the base 1, extending vertically through it. The lower end of the water passage hole 11 is connected to the test water source via a pipe, and the upper end is connected to the bottom surface of the test block 200. The test water flows upward through the water passage hole 11 and compresses the bottom of the test block 200, simulating the seepage effect of water pressure on the concrete structure under actual working conditions. By setting the water passage hole 11, the test water is directionally introduced, ensuring that the water pressure acts uniformly on the bottom surface of the test block 200, providing stable pressure conditions for accurately evaluating the impermeability of the test block 200.

[0032] The test mold 2 is placed over the outside of the test block 200, forming a testing space. The test mold 2 can be a cylindrical structure, made of stainless steel or high-strength alloy material. The inner diameter of the test mold 2 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the test block 200, forming an annular gap between them. A first annular groove 21 is provided on the inner sidewall of the test mold 2, which extends circumferentially to form a closed annular groove. The cross-sectional shape of the first annular groove 21 can be rectangular, semi-circular, or trapezoidal. In this embodiment, a semi-circular cross-section is preferred to facilitate the processing and installation of the sealing component 3. The location of the first annular groove 21 is determined according to the height of the test block 200, and is usually located in the lower middle part of the sidewall of the test block 200 to ensure optimal sealing effect. The test block 200 can be a frustum shape that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom for easy demolding, and the inner cavity of the test mold 2 is also frustum shaped.

[0033] Furthermore, a second annular groove 22 is provided on the inner sidewall of the mold 2. The second annular groove 22 is located above the first annular groove 21, and its cross-sectional shape can be rectangular or semi-circular. The mold 2 is provided with a drain hole 23 that communicates with the second annular groove 22. The drain hole 23 penetrates the sidewall of the mold 2, connecting the second annular groove 22 with the external environment, and is used to drain any seeping liquid.

[0034] Furthermore, the inner wall of the mold 2 is provided with corrugated patterns 24. The corrugated patterns 24 are located above and / or below the first annular groove 21 and are composed of continuous concave and convex structures. The corrugated patterns 24 abut against the sealing assembly 3, increasing the contact area and frictional resistance, forming a labyrinthine sealing structure, improving static sealing performance, and better accommodating and fixing the sealing assembly 3, preventing it from shifting or rotating under high pressure.

[0035] In addition, the top of the mold 2 is provided with a step 25. The step 25 is formed by protruding inward from the inner sidewall of the mold 2, and has a ring structure. The lower surface of the step 25 presses against the top surface of the test block 200, forming axial limiting and sealing contact. The top wall of the mold 2 is also provided with an observation hole 26, which penetrates the top wall of the mold 2 vertically and is located directly above the top surface of the test block 200. The setting of the observation hole 26 helps the operator to directly observe the water seepage on the top surface of the test block 200 and monitor the water resistance performance of the test block 200 in real time.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the sealing assembly 3 includes a first sealing gasket 31, a flexible bladder 32, a second sealing gasket 33, and a third sealing gasket 34.

[0037] The first sealing gasket 31 has an annular structure and is made of an elastic rubber material (such as nitrile rubber, fluororubber, or silicone rubber), possessing good water resistance and pressure resistance. The first sealing gasket 31 is fitted onto the outer wall of the test block 200, with its inner diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the test block 200 to generate a certain pre-tightening force. The first sealing gasket 31 communicates at least partially with the first annular groove 21. Specifically, the central region of the first sealing gasket 31 communicates with the first annular groove 21, while its upper and lower ends extend beyond the first annular groove 21, contacting the inner wall of the mold 2 and the outer wall of the test block 200, respectively.

[0038] Preferably, the first sealing gasket 31 includes an upper sealing portion 311, a middle sealing portion 312, and a lower sealing portion 313, which are integrally formed. The upper sealing portion 311 and the lower sealing portion 313 are located at the upper and lower ends of the first sealing gasket 31, respectively, and are both clamped between the inner sidewall of the mold 2 and the outer sidewall of the test block 200, forming a static sealing structure. The corrugated pattern 24 abuts against the upper sealing portion 311 and / or the lower sealing portion 313, improving the static sealing performance and positioning stability. The middle sealing portion 312 is located between the upper sealing portion 311 and the lower sealing portion 313 and communicates with the first annular groove 21. The flexible bladder 32 is disposed within the first annular groove 21. The middle sealing portion 312 is clamped between the flexible bladder 32 and the outer sidewall of the test block 200, forming a dynamic adaptive sealing structure. The outer sidewall of the middle sealing portion 312 abuts against the inner sidewall of the flexible bladder 32, and the inner sidewall abuts against the outer sidewall of the test block 200.

[0039] Furthermore, the lower half of the upper sealing part 311 is provided with a permeation hole 3111, which penetrates the upper sealing part 311 radially and connects the inner side of the upper sealing part 311 to the second annular groove 22. The number of permeation holes 3111 can be multiple, evenly distributed circumferentially. A water permeation detection element, which can be a humidity sensor, is provided inside the second annular groove 22. When leakage occurs in the upper sealing part 311, the permeated water flows into the second annular groove 22 through the permeation hole 3111 and is detected in time by the water permeation detection element, achieving an early warning of sealing failure between the lower sealing part 313 and the middle sealing part 312.

[0040] The flexible bladder 32 is disposed within the first annular groove 21, forming an annular structure and located on the outer side of the test block 200. The flexible bladder 32 is made of a high-strength elastic material (such as rubber) and has the characteristic of being expandable and deformable. The cross-sectional shape of the flexible bladder 32 in its unexpanded state is flat or elliptical, with its outer wall conforming to the bottom of the first annular groove 21 and its inner wall facing the outer wall of the first sealing gasket 31. The flexible bladder 32 is configured to expand and deform by introducing a fluid medium (such as high-pressure gas or high-pressure liquid). The flexible bladder 32 has a medium inlet, and the test mold 2 has a medium channel 27 for the fluid medium to enter. This medium inlet is connected to the fluid medium source through the medium channel 27 and a pipeline. When a fluid medium is introduced into the flexible bladder 32, the flexible bladder 32 expands radially inward, compressing the central sealing portion 312 of the first sealing gasket 31, causing the inner wall of the central sealing portion 312 to adhere tightly to the outer wall of the test block 200. Through the expansion and compression of the flexible bladder 32, the first sealing gasket 31 can adaptively conform to the outer wall of the test block 200. Even if the test block 200 has shape deviation or size error, it can ensure good sealing contact, thereby effectively solving the problem of poor sealing caused by the shape difference of the test block 200 in traditional sealing gaskets and significantly improving the lateral sealing performance.

[0041] Preferably, the pressure of the fluid medium is greater than the water pressure of the test water. By maintaining a pressure difference, it is ensured that the compressive force of the flexible bladder 32 on the first sealing gasket 31 is always greater than the permeation pressure of the test water on the sealing interface, fundamentally preventing the test water from breaking through the sealing interface and ensuring the reliability of the seal and the accuracy of the test.

[0042] The second sealing gasket 33 is disposed between the base 1 and the test block 200, specifically on the resting surface of the base 1. The second sealing gasket 33 can be an annular gasket made of elastic rubber material. The lower surface of the second sealing gasket 33 is in contact with the resting surface of the base 1, and the upper surface is in contact with the bottom surface of the test block 200, thereby achieving an axial seal at the bottom of the test block 200 and preventing test water from leaking through the gap between the bottom edge of the test block 200 and the base 1.

[0043] The third sealing gasket 34 is disposed between the test block 200 and the step 25, specifically between the lower surface of the step 25 and the top surface of the test block 200. The third sealing gasket 34 can be an annular gasket made of elastic rubber material. The upper surface of the third sealing gasket 34 is in contact with the lower surface of the step 25, and the lower surface is in contact with the top surface of the test block 200, achieving axial sealing of the top of the test block 200 and preventing test water from leaking from the edge of the top surface of the test block 200. Through the cooperation of the second sealing gasket 33, the third sealing gasket 34 and the first sealing gasket 31, a three-dimensional sealing system is formed, comprehensively preventing test water from leaking from all edges of the test block 200, and achieving all-round sealing protection.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the drive assembly 4 is used to drive the mold 2 to move vertically, so that the mold 2 presses down on the test block 200 or separates from the test block 200. To facilitate the operator's observation of the water seepage at the top of the test block 200 through the observation hole 26, the drive assembly 4 should not obstruct the observation hole 26 during the water seepage test. For example, the drive assembly 4 includes a first cylinder 41, a lifting plate 42, and a connecting member 43. The first cylinder 41 is vertically arranged and connected to the lifting plate 42, the connecting member 43 is located at the bottom of the lifting plate 42, and the lifting plate 42 is connected to the mold 2 through the connecting member 43. When performing the water seepage test, the first cylinder 41 drives the lifting plate 42 to descend, thereby moving the mold 2 downwards, so that the step 25 presses against the top surface of the test block 200, and at the same time, the lower end of the mold 2 fits against the base 1, forming a test chamber. After the test is completed, the first cylinder 41 drives the mold 2 to move upwards, separating it from the test block 200. The drive component 4 enables automatic clamping and separation of the mold 2 and the test block 200, simplifying operation and improving testing efficiency. It also ensures uniform and consistent clamping force applied by the mold 2 to the test block 200, further enhancing sealing reliability. The connector 43 is detachably connected to the mold 2 for easy replacement. The method of detachable connection is not strictly limited; for example, the connector 43 could be an electromagnet, and the mold 2 could be made of magnetically attracted metal, achieving connection through magnetic attraction.

[0045] The pressing component 5 is used to limit the test block 200 when the mold 2 separates from the test block 200, preventing the test block 200 from being moved upward by the mold 2. The pressing component 5 can be a second cylinder vertically mounted on the lifting plate 42. When the drive assembly 4 drives the mold 2 to move upward, the pressing component 5 passes through the observation hole 26 and presses down on the top surface of the test block 200, preventing the test block 200 from moving upward with the mold 2 due to friction or vacuum adsorption. This ensures that the test block 200 is always stably placed on the base 1, facilitating the smooth separation of the mold 2 and subsequent operations, and improving the safety and convenience of equipment use.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A concrete permeability tester, characterized in that, include: A base (1) is provided for placing the test block (200); the base (1) is provided with a water passage hole (11) for allowing test water to pass through and squeeze the bottom of the test block (200); A test mold (2) is placed on the outside of the test block (200), and a first annular groove (21) is provided on the inner sidewall of the test mold (2). The sealing assembly (3) includes a first sealing gasket (31) and a flexible bladder (32). The first sealing gasket (31) is annular and sleeved on the outer side wall of the test block (200). The first sealing gasket (31) is at least partially connected to the first annular groove (21). The flexible bladder (32) is disposed in the first annular groove (21). The flexible bladder (32) is annular and located on the outside of the test block (200). The flexible bladder (32) is configured to allow fluid medium to be introduced, thereby expanding and compressing the first sealing gasket (31) so that the first sealing gasket (31) is tightly attached to the test block (200).

2. The concrete permeability tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sealing gasket (31) includes an upper sealing part (311), a middle sealing part (312) and a lower sealing part (313). The upper sealing part (311) and the lower sealing part (313) are both sandwiched between the inner sidewall of the test mold (2) and the outer sidewall of the test block (200); the middle sealing part (312) is sandwiched between the flexible bladder (32) and the outer sidewall of the test block (200).

3. The concrete permeability tester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure of the fluid medium is greater than the water pressure of the test water.

4. The concrete permeability tester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the test mold (2) is provided with a second annular groove (22); The lower half of the upper sealing part (311) is provided with a permeation hole (3111), which is connected to the second annular groove (22); a permeation water detection element is provided in the second annular groove (22).

5. The concrete permeability tester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test mold (2) is provided with a drainage hole (23) that communicates with the second annular groove (22).

6. The concrete permeability tester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the test mold (2) is provided with a corrugated pattern (24), which is used to abut against the upper sealing part (311) and / or the lower sealing part (313).

7. The concrete permeability tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the test mold (2) is provided with a step (25), and the step (25) presses on the top surface of the test block (200); The sealing assembly (3) further includes a second sealing gasket (33) and a third sealing gasket (34), wherein the second sealing gasket (33) is disposed between the base (1) and the test block (200); and the third sealing gasket (34) is disposed between the test block (200) and the step (25).

8. The concrete permeability tester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The concrete permeability tester also includes a drive assembly (4), which is used to drive the mold (2) to move so that the mold (2) presses down on the test block (200) or separates from the test block (200).

9. The concrete permeability tester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top wall of the test mold (2) is provided with an observation hole (26).

10. The concrete permeability tester according to claim 9, characterized in that: The concrete permeability tester also includes a pressure member (5), which is used to limit the test block (200) when the test mold (2) is separated from the test block (200).

Images