Anti-corrosion and wear-resistant polished rod and processing and repairing method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of polished sucker rods in rod-based oil production systems, and specifically relates to a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant polished sucker rod and its processing and repair method. A corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant polished sucker rod includes a rod base, one end of which has a small end, and the other end has a upset end and a large end. A laser cladding layer is applied to the surface of the rod base. The laser cladding layer is 0-1500mm from the small end and 0-1000mm from the upset end, and the thickness of the laser cladding layer is ≥0.8mm. This invention, through the laser cladding layer, solves the problem of metal sucker rods being easily corroded and worn by downhole media, leading to fracture. It also effectively resists corrosion and wear from well fluids under various complex operating conditions, achieving a long-lasting corrosion and wear resistance effect, extending the life of the polished rod, reducing the frequency of replacement and maintenance, saving production costs, avoiding well shutdowns due to polished rod breakage, and improving well production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of polished sucker rods in rod-type oil production systems, and specifically relates to a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant polished sucker rod and its processing and repair method. Background Technology

[0002] Rod-pump oil recovery is currently the most common oil recovery method in oilfields. A polished rod connects the surface pumping unit to the downhole rod string and pump. The reciprocating motion of the polished rod drives the downhole rod string and pump plunger, lifting the downhole fluid to the surface. During this reciprocating motion, the load on the polished rod is constantly changing, generating alternating stress within the rod. Furthermore, the rod is subjected to corrosion from the fluid medium and abrasion from sand particles, exacerbating corrosion and making it highly susceptible to corrosion fatigue and erosion corrosion. Wear of the metal polished rod becomes an unavoidable problem, especially in long-term mechanically operated wells.

[0003] Currently, most sucker rods are made of chromium-molybdenum alloy steel, which undergoes heat treatment to achieve high strength. However, this type of rod lacks corrosion and wear resistance. If corrosion and wear resistance are required, nickel-based powder is typically sprayed onto the surface of the sucker rod to form a metallurgical bond with the rod substrate, achieving corrosion and wear resistance. However, this method has low powder utilization, high cost, and the high-temperature melting process reduces the mechanical properties of the sucker rod. Furthermore, the spray-welding process cannot repair and reuse worn metal rods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod and a processing and repair method. This invention can solve the problem of metal sucker rods being susceptible to fracture due to corrosion and wear from downhole media. Simultaneously, it can effectively resist corrosion and wear from well fluids under various complex operating conditions, achieving a long-lasting corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant effect, extending the lifespan of the sucker rod, reducing the frequency of sucker rod replacement and maintenance, saving production costs, avoiding well shutdowns caused by sucker rod fractures, and improving the pumping efficiency of oil wells.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant oil extraction rod, comprising a rod base, one end of the rod base is provided with a small rod end, and the other end is provided with an upsetting end and a large rod end in sequence, and the surface of the rod base is provided with a laser cladding layer.

[0006] The laser cladding layer is 0~1500mm away from the small end of the optical rod and 0~1000mm away from the upsetting end of the optical rod. The thickness of the laser cladding layer is ≥0.8mm.

[0007] The laser cladding layer is formed by cladding iron-based alloy powder onto the surface of the optical rod substrate using a laser. The iron-based alloy powder comprises the following components by mass percentage: C≤0.03, B 0.80~0.90, Si≤1.00, Cr 16.00~18.00, Ni 10.00~14.00, Mn≤2.00, Mo 2.00~3.00, with the remainder being Fe.

[0008] A method for processing and repairing a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod, wherein the processing of the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod as described above includes the following steps: S1: Raw material drawing. The raw material is cold-drawn using a drawing machine to make the diameter of the raw material meet the design requirements. S2: Rod head forging, using a flat forging machine to forge the head shape of the sucker rod, including the small end, the upset end and the large end of the rod; S3: Heat treatment, the smooth rod is heat treated by quenching and tempering to ensure that its mechanical properties meet the requirements of use; S4: Straightening of the bare pole. A straightening machine is used to straighten the pole and improve its straightness. After straightening, the straightness of the pole meets the design requirements. S5: Rough grinding, grinding the oil sucker rod on a belt grinder to achieve the preset diameter, while removing surface impurities and reducing surface roughness to meet the design requirements of the cladding process; S6: Laser cladding. A high-energy laser beam is used to clad a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant alloy layer on the surface of the preheated oil sucker rod. A layer of alloy powder is clad on the surface of the rod using a special laser cladding equipment to form a metallurgically bonded alloy coating layer as a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant layer. S7: Fine grinding, using a centerless grinder to grind away part of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant alloy layer to achieve the final diameter and surface roughness requirements of the polished rod; S8: Quality inspection, to inspect and evaluate the thickness and hardness of the cladding layer, and to complete the processing of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant sucker rod; The repair process of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rods includes: surface cleaning, flushing the recovered sucker rods with high-pressure steam, removing surface oil and other debris, and steps S4 to S8 in the above processing steps.

[0009] In step S1, the raw material is drawn by using a drawing machine to cold draw the raw material until the diameter of the raw material meets the design requirements. The specific process is as follows: S11: After the raw materials enter the production line, they are first derusted by mechanical or chemical methods to remove rust, oil and impurities from the surface of the materials. S12: Apply lubricant evenly to the surface of the bare rod and the inner wall of the mold to reduce friction, reduce energy consumption, and prevent scratches on the material surface. Pass the treated bare rod through the reserved hole in the mold to prepare for cold drawing. During this process, it is necessary to ensure the concentricity of the bare rod and the mold. S13: Driven by the cold drawing machine, the smooth rod slowly passes through the mold. The extrusion pressure inside the mold causes the smooth rod to undergo plastic deformation, reducing the cross-section and increasing the length, thereby achieving the designed dimensional accuracy.

[0010] In step S2, the rod head forging involves using a flat forging machine to forge the head shape of the sucker rod. Specifically, the process is as follows: the raw steel billet is heated in a medium-frequency heating furnace with a medium-frequency voltage of 660±20V, a medium-frequency power of 750±20KW, a medium-frequency frequency of 6.0±0.2kHz, and an internal cooling water temperature of ≤38℃. Subsequently, the billet is fed into the working area of ​​the flat forging machine by a robotic arm. The raw steel billet undergoes multiple deformations and is forged into an end shape that meets the design requirements. The initial forging temperature is 1100℃-1250℃, and the final forging temperature is not lower than 750℃.

[0011] In step S3, the heat treatment involves quenching and tempering to perform overall heat treatment on the polished rod, ensuring that its mechanical properties meet the requirements for use. The specific process is as follows: S31: Clean and degrease the bare rod to remove impurities and oil stains from the surface, and inspect the rod body to confirm that there are no cracks, deformations or damage. S32: Heating process: The pre-treated bare rods are loaded one by one into the box-type electric furnace. The bare rods are evenly distributed in the furnace chamber to avoid contact or stacking. The heating temperature of the box-type electric furnace is 800-850℃, and the heating and holding time is 40-50 minutes. S33: Quenching process: After heating, the bare rod is quickly placed into the quenching medium for cooling to fix the microstructure formed at high temperature. After quenching, a dense martensitic structure is formed on the surface of the rod. S34: Tempering process: The bare rod is put back into the electric furnace for high-temperature tempering treatment. The tempering temperature is between 500 and 550°C and the tempering time is 30 to 50 minutes. S35: Performance testing: After tempering, the bare rod is subjected to performance testing, including: tensile strength 965-1195MPa, elongation ≥10%, reduction of area ≥45%, fatigue performance σ0.1540MPa ≥106 times, and impact toughness (U-shaped) ≥60J.

[0012] In step S4, the rod is straightened using a straightening machine to improve its straightness. After straightening, the straightness of the rod meets the design requirements. The specific process is as follows: S41: Clean and perform a preliminary inspection of the pole body to remove surface dirt and impurities. At the same time, check the surface of the pole body for obvious cracks, dents and defects. S42: Use measuring instruments to perform comprehensive measurements on the pole, including length, diameter, and curvature parameters, to assess the current condition of the pole and determine a straightening plan; S43: Based on the measurement results, the straightening machine determines the required straightening force and the application position, and applies the corresponding pressure or tension to the rod. After straightening, the straightness of the rod reaches 304.8mm:1.65mm.

[0013] In step S5, rough grinding involves grinding the oil sucker rod on a belt grinder to achieve the preset diameter, while simultaneously removing surface impurities and reducing surface roughness to meet the design requirements of the cladding process. The specific process is as follows: S51: Grind the excess part of the oil sucker rod on a belt grinder to make the outer circle reach the preset diameter, while removing surface impurities and reducing surface roughness to meet the requirements of the cladding process. Determine the actual diameter of the rough-ground outer diameter rod according to the blank size. The upper deviation of the diameter dimension is 0mm, and the lower deviation is -0.4mm. S52: Adjust the position of the abrasive belt to ensure uniform contact with the polishing bar, and ensure proper belt tension, avoiding over-tensioning or slackness. Select the appropriate grinding speed according to the material and hardness of the polishing bar; set the feed speed and grinding depth of the belt grinder; adjust the height of the polishing bar to ensure appropriate contact pressure between the abrasive belt and the workpiece. S53: Start the belt grinder and observe the contact between the belt and the workpiece to ensure normal grinding. Adjust the feed speed and grinding depth as needed. After completing the grinding task, turn off the main power and control power of the belt grinder, stop the belt movement, remove the guide bar from the grinding bed, and take out the workpiece.

[0014] In step S6, laser cladding uses a high-energy laser beam to clad a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant alloy layer onto the preheated surface of the sucker rod. A layer of alloy powder is clad onto the rod surface using specialized laser cladding equipment, forming a metallurgically bonded alloy coating layer as the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant layer. The specific process is as follows: S61: Select a three-jaw chuck according to the size of the guide rod, place the workpiece on the fixture, ensure that the contact surface between the workpiece and the fixture is flat, tighten the fixture, and ensure that the guide rod is secure; select the cladding material according to design requirements or process specifications; S62: Based on the material, size, and processing requirements of the optical rod, set the laser power, scanning speed, and spot size parameters; adjust the speed and direction of the laser cladding machine's worktable; determine the thickness and length of the cladding layer; S63: Turn on the main power and control power of the laser cladding machine tool to start the laser cladding machine tool; observe the melting of the laser beam and the cladding material to ensure that the laser cladding is proceeding normally; adjust the laser power and scanning speed appropriately according to the cladding effect during the production process; after completing the laser cladding task, turn off the main power and control power of the laser cladding machine tool; stop the laser beam emission and shut down the machine tool; check the size, shape and performance of the cladding layer to ensure that it meets the processing requirements.

[0015] In step S7, fine grinding involves using a centerless grinder to remove a portion of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant alloy layer, achieving the required final diameter and surface roughness of the polished rod. The specific process is as follows: S71: Place the guide rod on the support wheel, paying attention to the position and direction of the guide rod to ensure its stability and reliability. Ensure that the central axis of the grinding machine support wheel is aligned with the axis of the grinding guide rod to guarantee grinding accuracy. S72: Select the grinding stone according to the workpiece material, hardness, and required surface roughness; install the grinding stone on the centerless grinder and adjust the grinding speed of the grinding stone according to the process requirements; set the speed, feed rate, and depth of grinding of the grinder to ensure that these parameters can achieve the expected grinding effect. S73: Start the main power supply and control system of the centerless grinder; start the grinding process according to the set parameters, observe the running status of the workpiece and grinding stone during the grinding process; adjust the feed speed and grinding depth as needed to meet the processing requirements of the workpiece.

[0016] In step S8, quality inspection is performed to test and evaluate the thickness and hardness of the cladding layer, completing the processing of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant sucker rod. Specifically, the thickness and hardness of the cladding layer are measured using a Vickers hardness tester. The single-sided cladding thickness is ≥0.25mm and ≤0.40mm, and the cladding layer hardness HV100 ≥500. The qualified anti-corrosion and wear-resistant sucker rods are then packaged. S81: The bare rod packaging adopts a sealed box-type frame structure with appropriate box thickness and a suitable number of reinforcing crossbars along the outer edge of the wooden box.

[0017] S82: Before packaging, one end of the bare pole should be fitted with a bare pole coupling and a protective plug, and the other end should be screwed on a protective cap. Neutral anti-rust grease should be evenly applied to the surface of the bare pole, and it should be wrapped with paper tape and plastic sheeting, or other better protective measures may be adopted. S83: Wooden strips or rubber sheets are used to support the bare poles, with the spacing between the wooden strips less than 1.8 m and the distance between the pole head and the end wooden strip less than 0.5 m.

[0018] The technical advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. By setting a laser cladding layer on the surface of the polished rod substrate, this invention solves the problem of fracture caused by corrosion and wear of metal sucker rods due to downhole media. This effectively resists corrosion and wear from well fluids under various complex operating conditions, achieving a durable anti-corrosion and wear-resistant effect, extending the lifespan of the polished rod, reducing the frequency of replacement and maintenance, saving production costs, avoiding well shutdowns due to polished rod breakage, and improving well production efficiency. 2. This invention uses laser cladding equipment to clad a layer of alloy powder onto the surface of the polished rod, forming a metallurgically bonded alloy coating layer as an anti-corrosion and wear-resistant layer. This solves the shortcomings of existing anti-corrosion and wear-resistant processes for metal sucker rods, saves production costs, and enables the repair and reuse of the polished rod. 3. The laser cladding layer of this invention can withstand temperatures ≥120℃ and also has certain anti-scaling and anti-wax effects. It is suitable for oil wells with high corrosivity, high pumping frequency, high pressure, high water content, high salinity, high chloride ion content, and high hydrogen sulfide content.

[0019] The following will provide further explanation in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure reference numerals: 1-Small end of polished rod; 2-Laser cladding layer; 3-Upsetting end; 4-Large end of polished rod; 5-Finished rod substrate. Detailed Implementation Example 1

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant oil extraction rod includes a rod base 5. One end of the rod base 5 is provided with a small rod end 1, and the other end is provided with an upsetting end 3 and a large rod end 4 in sequence. The surface of the rod base 5 is provided with a laser cladding layer 2.

[0023] The laser cladding layer 2 is 0~1500mm away from the small end 1 of the optical rod and 0~1000mm away from the large end 3 of the optical rod. The thickness of the laser cladding layer 2 is ≥0.8mm.

[0024] The laser cladding layer is formed by cladding iron-based alloy powder onto the surface of the optical rod substrate using a laser. The iron-based alloy powder comprises the following components by mass percentage: C≤0.03, B 0.80~0.90, Si≤1.00, Cr 16.00~18.00, Ni 10.00~14.00, Mn≤2.00, Mo 2.00~3.00, with the remainder being Fe.

[0025] In practical use, this invention solves the problem of metal sucker rods being susceptible to corrosion and wear from downhole media, causing fractures, by setting a laser cladding layer on the surface of the rod substrate. This effectively resists corrosion and wear from well fluids under various complex operating conditions, achieving a long-lasting anti-corrosion and wear-resistant effect, extending the life of the rod, reducing the frequency of rod replacement and maintenance, saving production costs, avoiding well shutdowns due to rod breakage, and improving well production efficiency. Furthermore, this invention uses laser cladding equipment to clad a layer of alloy powder onto the surface of the rod, forming a metallurgically bonded alloy coating layer as an anti-corrosion and wear-resistant layer. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing anti-corrosion and wear-resistant processes for metal sucker rods, saves production costs, and enables the rod to be repaired and reused. Example 2

[0026] A method for processing and repairing a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod, wherein the processing of the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod as described above includes the following steps: S1: Raw material drawing. The raw material is cold-drawn using a drawing machine to make the diameter of the raw material meet the design requirements. S2: Rod head forging, using a flat forging machine to forge the head shape of the sucker rod, including the small end 1, the upset end 3, and the large end 4; S3: Heat treatment, the smooth rod is heat treated by quenching and tempering to ensure that its mechanical properties meet the requirements of use; S4: Straightening of the bare pole. A straightening machine is used to straighten the pole and improve its straightness. After straightening, the straightness of the pole meets the design requirements. S5: Rough grinding, grinding the oil sucker rod on a belt grinder to achieve the preset diameter, while removing surface impurities and reducing surface roughness to meet the design requirements of the cladding process; S6: Laser cladding. A high-energy laser beam is used to clad a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant alloy layer on the surface of the preheated oil sucker rod. A layer of alloy powder is clad on the surface of the rod using a special laser cladding equipment to form a metallurgically bonded alloy coating layer as a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant layer. S7: Fine grinding, using a centerless grinder to grind away part of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant alloy layer to achieve the final diameter and surface roughness requirements of the polished rod; S8: Quality inspection, to inspect and evaluate the thickness and hardness of the cladding layer, and to complete the processing of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant sucker rod; The repair process of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rods includes: surface cleaning, flushing the recovered sucker rods with high-pressure steam, removing surface oil and other debris, and steps S4 to S8 in the above processing steps.

[0027] In step S1, the raw material is drawn by using a drawing machine to cold draw the raw material until the diameter of the raw material meets the design requirements. The specific process is as follows: S11: After the raw materials enter the production line, they are first derusted by mechanical or chemical methods to remove rust, oil and impurities from the surface of the materials. S12: Apply lubricant evenly to the surface of the bare rod and the inner wall of the mold to reduce friction, reduce energy consumption, and prevent scratches on the material surface. Pass the treated bare rod through the reserved hole in the mold to prepare for cold drawing. During this process, it is necessary to ensure the concentricity of the bare rod and the mold. S13: Driven by the cold drawing machine, the smooth rod slowly passes through the mold. The extrusion pressure inside the mold causes the smooth rod to undergo plastic deformation, reducing the cross-section and increasing the length, thereby achieving the designed dimensional accuracy.

[0028] In step S2, the rod head forging involves using a flat forging machine to forge the head shape of the sucker rod. Specifically, the process is as follows: the raw steel billet is heated in a medium-frequency heating furnace with a medium-frequency voltage of 660±20V, a medium-frequency power of 750±20KW, a medium-frequency frequency of 6.0±0.2kHz, and an internal cooling water temperature of ≤38℃. Subsequently, the billet is fed into the working area of ​​the flat forging machine by a robotic arm. The raw steel billet undergoes multiple deformations and is forged into an end shape that meets the design requirements. The initial forging temperature is 1100℃-1250℃, and the final forging temperature is not lower than 750℃.

[0029] In step S3, the heat treatment involves quenching and tempering to perform overall heat treatment on the polished rod, ensuring that its mechanical properties meet the requirements for use. The specific process is as follows: S31: Clean and degrease the bare rod to remove impurities and oil stains from the surface, and inspect the rod body to confirm that there are no cracks, deformations or damage. S32: Heating process: The pre-treated bare rods are loaded one by one into the box-type electric furnace. The bare rods are evenly distributed in the furnace chamber to avoid contact or stacking. The heating temperature of the box-type electric furnace is 800-850℃, and the heating and holding time is 40-50 minutes. S33: Quenching process: After heating, the bare rod is quickly placed into the quenching medium for cooling to fix the microstructure formed at high temperature. After quenching, a dense martensitic structure is formed on the surface of the rod. S34: Tempering process: The bare rod is put back into the electric furnace for high-temperature tempering treatment. The tempering temperature is between 500 and 550°C and the tempering time is 30 to 50 minutes. S35: Performance testing: After tempering, the bare rod is subjected to performance testing, including: tensile strength 965-1195MPa, elongation ≥10%, reduction of area ≥45%, fatigue performance σ0.1540MPa ≥106 times, and impact toughness (U-shaped) ≥60J.

[0030] In step S4, the rod is straightened using a straightening machine to improve its straightness. After straightening, the straightness of the rod meets the design requirements. The specific process is as follows: S41: Clean and perform a preliminary inspection of the pole body to remove surface dirt and impurities. At the same time, check the surface of the pole body for obvious cracks, dents and defects. S42: Use measuring instruments to perform comprehensive measurements on the pole, including length, diameter, and curvature parameters, to assess the current condition of the pole and determine a straightening plan; S43: Based on the measurement results, the straightening machine determines the required straightening force and the application position, and applies the corresponding pressure or tension to the rod. After straightening, the straightness of the rod reaches 304.8mm:1.65mm.

[0031] In step S5, rough grinding involves grinding the oil sucker rod on a belt grinder to achieve the preset diameter, while simultaneously removing surface impurities and reducing surface roughness to meet the design requirements of the cladding process. The specific process is as follows: S51: Grind the excess part of the oil sucker rod on a belt grinder to make the outer circle reach the preset diameter, while removing surface impurities and reducing surface roughness to meet the requirements of the cladding process. Determine the actual diameter of the rough-ground outer diameter rod according to the blank size. The upper deviation of the diameter dimension is 0mm, and the lower deviation is -0.4mm. S52: Adjust the position of the abrasive belt to ensure uniform contact with the polishing bar, and ensure proper belt tension, avoiding over-tensioning or slackness. Select the appropriate grinding speed according to the material and hardness of the polishing bar; set the feed speed and grinding depth of the belt grinder; adjust the height of the polishing bar to ensure appropriate contact pressure between the abrasive belt and the workpiece. S53: Start the belt grinder and observe the contact between the belt and the workpiece to ensure normal grinding. Adjust the feed speed and grinding depth as needed. After completing the grinding task, turn off the main power and control power of the belt grinder, stop the belt movement, remove the guide bar from the grinding bed, and take out the workpiece.

[0032] In step S6, laser cladding uses a high-energy laser beam to clad a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant alloy layer onto the preheated surface of the sucker rod. A layer of alloy powder is clad onto the rod surface using specialized laser cladding equipment, forming a metallurgically bonded alloy coating layer as the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant layer. The specific process is as follows: S61: Select a three-jaw chuck according to the size of the guide rod, place the workpiece on the fixture, ensure that the contact surface between the workpiece and the fixture is flat, tighten the fixture, and ensure that the guide rod is secure; select the cladding material according to design requirements or process specifications; S62: Based on the material, size, and processing requirements of the optical rod, set the laser power, scanning speed, and spot size parameters; adjust the speed and direction of the laser cladding machine's worktable; determine the thickness and length of the cladding layer; S63: Turn on the main power and control power of the laser cladding machine tool to start the laser cladding machine tool; observe the melting of the laser beam and the cladding material to ensure that the laser cladding is proceeding normally; adjust the laser power and scanning speed appropriately according to the cladding effect during the production process; after completing the laser cladding task, turn off the main power and control power of the laser cladding machine tool; stop the laser beam emission and shut down the machine tool; check the size, shape and properties of the cladding layer to ensure that it meets the processing requirements, as detailed in Tables 1 and 2.

[0033] Table 1 Chemical properties of the cladding layer

[0034] Table 2 Physical properties of cladding layer

[0035] In step S7, fine grinding involves using a centerless grinder to remove a portion of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant alloy layer, achieving the required final diameter and surface roughness of the polished rod. The specific process is as follows: S71: Place the guide rod on the support wheel, paying attention to the position and direction of the guide rod to ensure its stability and reliability. Ensure that the central axis of the grinding machine support wheel is aligned with the axis of the grinding guide rod to guarantee grinding accuracy. S72: Select the grinding stone according to the workpiece material, hardness, and required surface roughness; install the grinding stone on the centerless grinder and adjust the grinding speed of the grinding stone according to the process requirements; set the speed, feed rate, and depth of grinding of the grinder to ensure that these parameters can achieve the expected grinding effect. S73: Start the main power supply and control system of the centerless grinder; start the grinding process according to the set parameters, observe the running status of the workpiece and grinding stone during the grinding process; adjust the feed speed and grinding depth as needed to meet the processing requirements of the workpiece.

[0036] In step S8, quality inspection is performed to test and evaluate the thickness and hardness of the cladding layer, completing the processing of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant sucker rod. Specifically, the thickness and hardness of the cladding layer are measured using a Vickers hardness tester. The single-sided cladding thickness is ≥0.25mm and ≤0.40mm, and the cladding layer hardness HV100 ≥500. The qualified anti-corrosion and wear-resistant sucker rods are then packaged. S81: The bare rod packaging adopts a sealed box-type frame structure with appropriate box thickness and a suitable number of reinforcing crossbars along the outer edge of the wooden box. S82: Before packaging, one end of the bare pole should be fitted with a bare pole coupling and a protective plug, and the other end should be screwed on a protective cap. Neutral anti-rust grease should be evenly applied to the surface of the bare pole, and it should be wrapped with paper tape and plastic sheeting, or other better protective measures may be adopted. S83: Wooden strips or rubber sheets are used to support the bare poles, with the spacing between the wooden strips less than 1.8 m and the distance between the pole head and the end wooden strip less than 0.5 m.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod, characterized in that: It includes a smooth rod base (5), one end of which is provided with a small end (1), and the other end is provided with an upsetting end (3) and a large end (4) in sequence. The surface of the smooth rod base (5) is provided with a laser cladding layer (2).

2. The corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cladding layer (2) is 0~1500mm away from the small end (1) of the optical rod and 0~1000mm away from the rough end (3) of the optical rod. The thickness of the laser cladding layer (2) is ≥0.8mm.

3. The corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cladding layer (2) is formed by cladding iron-based alloy powder onto the surface of the optical rod substrate (5) using a laser. The iron-based alloy powder comprises the following components by mass percentage: C≤0.03, B 0.80~0.90, Si≤1.00, Cr 16.00~18.00, Ni 10.00~14.00, Mn≤2.00, Mo 2.00~3.00, with the remainder being Fe.

4. A method for processing and repairing a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod, wherein the processing and repair of the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod as described in claim 1 is characterized in that: The processing steps for corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rods include the following: S1: Raw material drawing. The raw material is cold-drawn using a drawing machine to make the diameter of the raw material meet the design requirements. S2: Rod head forging, using a flat forging machine to forge the shape of the sucker rod head, including the small end of the rod (1), the upset end (3) and the big end of the rod (4). S3: Heat treatment, the smooth rod is heat treated by quenching and tempering to ensure that its mechanical properties meet the requirements of use; S4: Straightening of the bare pole. A straightening machine is used to straighten the pole and improve its straightness. After straightening, the straightness of the pole meets the design requirements. S5: Rough grinding, grinding the oil sucker rod on a belt grinder to achieve the preset diameter, while removing surface impurities and reducing surface roughness to meet the design requirements of the cladding process; S6: Laser cladding. A high-energy laser beam is used to clad a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant alloy layer on the surface of the preheated oil sucker rod. A layer of alloy powder is clad on the surface of the rod using a special laser cladding equipment to form a metallurgically bonded alloy coating layer as a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant layer. S7: Fine grinding, using a centerless grinder to grind away part of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant alloy layer to achieve the final diameter and surface roughness requirements of the polished rod; S8: Quality inspection, to inspect and evaluate the thickness and hardness of the cladding layer, and to complete the processing of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant sucker rod; The repair process of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rods includes: surface cleaning, flushing the recovered sucker rods with high-pressure steam, removing surface oil and other debris, and steps S4 to S8 in the above processing steps.

5. The processing and repair method for a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the raw material is drawn by using a drawing machine to cold draw the raw material until the diameter of the raw material meets the design requirements. The specific process is as follows: S11: After the raw materials enter the production line, they are first derusted by mechanical or chemical methods to remove rust, oil and impurities from the surface of the materials. S12: Apply lubricant evenly to the surface of the bare rod and the inner wall of the mold to reduce friction, reduce energy consumption, and prevent scratches on the material surface. Pass the treated bare rod through the reserved hole in the mold to prepare for cold drawing. During this process, it is necessary to ensure the concentricity of the bare rod and the mold. S13: Driven by the cold drawing machine, the smooth rod slowly passes through the mold. The extrusion pressure inside the mold causes the smooth rod to undergo plastic deformation, reducing the cross-section and increasing the length, thereby achieving the designed dimensional accuracy.

6. The processing and repair method for a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the rod head forging involves using a flat forging machine to forge the head shape of the sucker rod. Specifically, the process is as follows: the raw steel billet is heated in a medium-frequency heating furnace with a medium-frequency voltage of 660±20V, a medium-frequency power of 750±20KW, a medium-frequency frequency of 6.0±0.2kHz, and an internal cooling water temperature of ≤38℃. Subsequently, the billet is fed into the working area of ​​the flat forging machine by a robotic arm. The raw steel billet undergoes multiple deformations and is forged into an end shape that meets the design requirements. The initial forging temperature is 1100℃-1250℃, and the final forging temperature is not lower than 750℃.

7. The method for processing and repairing a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the heat treatment involves quenching and tempering to perform overall heat treatment on the polished rod, ensuring that its mechanical properties meet the requirements for use. The specific process is as follows: S31: Clean and degrease the bare rod to remove impurities and oil stains from the surface, and inspect the rod body to confirm that there are no cracks, deformations or damage. S32: Heating process: The pre-treated bare rods are loaded one by one into the box-type electric furnace. The bare rods are evenly distributed in the furnace chamber to avoid contact or stacking. The heating temperature of the box-type electric furnace is 800-850℃, and the heating and holding time is 40-50 minutes. S33: Quenching process: After heating, the bare rod is quickly placed into the quenching medium for cooling to fix the microstructure formed at high temperature. After quenching, a dense martensitic structure is formed on the surface of the rod. S34: Tempering process: The bare rod is put back into the electric furnace for high-temperature tempering treatment. The tempering temperature is between 500 and 550°C and the tempering time is 30 to 50 minutes. S35: Performance testing: After tempering, the bare rod is subjected to performance testing, including: tensile strength 965-1195MPa, elongation ≥10%, reduction of area ≥45%, fatigue performance σ0.1540MPa ≥106 times, and impact toughness (U-shaped) ≥60J.

8. The processing and repair method for a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the rod is straightened using a straightening machine to improve its straightness. After straightening, the straightness of the rod meets the design requirements. The specific process is as follows: S41: Clean and perform a preliminary inspection of the pole body to remove surface dirt and impurities. At the same time, check the surface of the pole body for obvious cracks, dents and defects. S42: Use measuring instruments to perform comprehensive measurements on the pole, including length, diameter, and curvature parameters, to assess the current condition of the pole and determine a straightening plan; S43: Based on the measurement results, the straightening machine determines the required straightening force and the application position, and applies the corresponding pressure or tension to the rod. After straightening, the straightness of the rod reaches 304.8mm:1.65mm.

9. The processing and repair method for a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S6, laser cladding uses a high-energy laser beam to clad a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant alloy layer onto the preheated surface of the sucker rod. A layer of alloy powder is clad onto the rod surface using specialized laser cladding equipment, forming a metallurgically bonded alloy coating layer as the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant layer. The specific process is as follows: S61: Select a three-jaw chuck according to the size of the guide rod, place the workpiece on the fixture, ensure that the contact surface between the workpiece and the fixture is flat, tighten the fixture, and ensure that the guide rod is secure; select the cladding material according to design requirements or process specifications; S62: Based on the material, size, and processing requirements of the optical rod, set the laser power, scanning speed, and spot size parameters; adjust the speed and direction of the laser cladding machine's worktable; determine the thickness and length of the cladding layer; S63: Turn on the main power and control power of the laser cladding machine tool to start the laser cladding machine tool; observe the melting of the laser beam and the cladding material to ensure that the laser cladding is proceeding normally; adjust the laser power and scanning speed appropriately according to the cladding effect during the production process; after completing the laser cladding task, turn off the main power and control power of the laser cladding machine tool; stop the laser beam emission and shut down the machine tool; check the size, shape and performance of the cladding layer to ensure that it meets the processing requirements.

10. The processing and repair method for a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant sucker rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S7, fine grinding involves using a centerless grinder to remove a portion of the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant alloy layer, achieving the required final diameter and surface roughness of the polished rod. The specific process is as follows: S71: Place the guide rod on the support wheel, paying attention to the position and direction of the guide rod to ensure its stability and reliability. Ensure that the central axis of the grinding machine support wheel is aligned with the axis of the grinding guide rod to guarantee grinding accuracy. S72: Select the grinding stone according to the workpiece material, hardness, and required surface roughness; install the grinding stone on the centerless grinder and adjust the grinding speed of the grinding stone according to the process requirements; set the speed, feed rate, and depth of grinding of the grinder to ensure that these parameters can achieve the expected grinding effect. S73: Start the main power supply and control system of the centerless grinder; start the grinding process according to the set parameters, observe the running status of the workpiece and grinding stone during the grinding process; adjust the feed speed and grinding depth as needed to meet the processing requirements of the workpiece.

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