Underground construction method using water balance after completion of outer wall construction
By employing water balancing and chain cutter excavation techniques, the problems of geological hazards and waterproofing difficulties in underground engineering construction have been solved, enabling rapid construction without support and reducing costs and time.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610582658.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing open-cut construction methods for underground engineering are prone to geological disasters, the complex support system makes waterproofing difficult, and the construction period is long and the investment is large.
By injecting water, the soil pressure on the outer wall is balanced with the water pressure on the inner side of the outer wall. The outer wall construction is carried out underwater, and the sinking of the outer wall is completed using chain cutter excavation technology, avoiding the use of traditional support systems.
It enables underground construction without the need for dewatering and support, shortening the construction cycle and reducing investment costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN122236149A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground engineering construction technology, specifically an underground building construction method that utilizes hydraulic balance for excavation after the completion of the exterior wall construction. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, most underground engineering projects using the open-cut method, especially deep foundation pits, require dewatering operations, which can easily lead to geological disasters. Due to the enormous force of soil and rock on the outer walls, underground construction requires a large and complex support system, which in turn results in numerous holes in the underground structure, making waterproofing difficult. Its main disadvantages are: easy to cause geological disasters, numerous holes in the underground structure, difficulty in waterproofing, long construction period, and large investment. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground building construction method that utilizes hydraulic balance for excavation after the completion of the exterior wall construction, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An underground structure 1 includes four outer walls 2, a bottom slab 3, a middle slab 4, and a top slab 1A. The four outer walls 2 include a temporary outer wall 2A located at the top, higher than the ground level. The middle slab 4 is located between the bottom slab 3 and the top slab 1A. The bottom slab 3 includes a steel frame 3A, and the middle slab 4 includes a steel skeleton 4A. The open-cut construction method for the underground structure 1 includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of the four outer walls 2; 2) Pour water into the surrounding outer walls 2 and raise the water level to the set height; 3) When the soil pressure on the outside of the surrounding outer wall 2 is balanced with the water pressure on the inside of the surrounding outer wall 2, the excavation of the soil inside the surrounding outer wall 2 is completed in the water. 4) Complete the construction of the steel frame 3A or the base plate 3 in water; 5) Complete the construction of the steel frame 4A or the middle plate 4 in water; 6) The temporary exterior wall 2A may be demolished after the construction of the roof slab 1A is completed, or the temporary exterior wall 2A may be demolished first and then the construction of the roof slab 1A may be completed. 7) Continue subsequent work until the construction of underground structure 1 is completed.
[0005] As a further aspect of the present invention: the construction device 5 of the underground building 1 includes a chain cutter excavation device 6, which includes a chain cutter 6A for excavating rock and soil. The chain cutter 6A includes a chain 6A1 and an excavation cutter 6A2 installed on the chain 6A1. The surrounding outer walls 2 include longitudinal walls 2B and transverse walls 2C. The chain cutter excavation device 6 includes a longitudinal excavation device 61 and a transverse excavation device 62. The longitudinal excavation device 61 includes a longitudinal chain cutter 61A that encloses the longitudinal wall 2B. The longitudinal chain cutter 61A is a component of the chain cutter 6A. The longitudinal chain cutter 61A located below the bottom of the longitudinal wall 2B excavates the rock and soil at the bottom. The longitudinal chain cutter 61A, which runs from bottom to top, carries the excavated rock and soil to the top for discharge, and the longitudinal wall 2B sinks accordingly. The transverse excavation device 62 includes a transverse chain cutter 62A that encloses the transverse wall 2C. The transverse chain cutter 62A is a component of the chain cutter 6A. The transverse chain cutter 62A, located below the bottom of the transverse wall 2C, excavates the rock and soil at the bottom. The transverse chain cutter 62A, which moves upward, carries the excavated rock and soil to the top for discharge, and the transverse wall 2C sinks accordingly.
[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the longitudinal wall 2B includes a left longitudinal wall 2B1, a middle longitudinal wall 2B2 and a right longitudinal wall 2B3, and step 1 is carried out in three sections.
[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the surrounding outer walls 2 are constructed by pouring concrete in segments along their height.
[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the underground structure 1 includes pile 1B, pile 1B includes pile cap 1B1, the steel structure frame 3A includes pile step hole 3A1 and one-way nozzle 3A2, step 4 includes completing the construction of pile 1B; step 7 includes completing the concrete pouring in the steel structure frame 3A and grouting operation under the bottom plate 3 through one-way nozzle 3A2.
[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the temporary outer wall 2A includes a longitudinal guide rail 2A1 above it, and the construction device 5 includes an intermediate excavation device 5A. The intermediate excavation device 5A includes a top frame 5A1, a traveling device 5A2, a lifting device 5A3, a spiral excavation device 5A4, and a soil removal device. The traveling device 5A2, which runs on the longitudinal guide rail 2A1, is installed on both sides of the top frame 5A1. The lifting device 5A3 is installed on the top frame 5A1. The spiral excavation device 5A4 and the soil removal device are both installed at the bottom of the lifting device 5A3. Through the traveling device 5A2 and the lifting device 5A3, the spiral excavation device 5A4 can excavate the rock and soil inside the surrounding outer wall 2 layer by layer from top to bottom. The soil removal device can transport the rock and soil excavated by the spiral excavation device 5A4 to the outside of the surrounding outer wall 2.
[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the underground structure 1 includes a subway station 11, the subway station 11 includes a bottom plate pin 11A and a middle plate pin 11B, and the surrounding outer walls 2 include bottom plate pin holes 2D, middle plate pin holes 2E, outer insert plates 2F and inner insert plates 2G. The construction method of the subway station 11 includes the following main steps: 1) The construction of the two longitudinal walls 2B2 is completed by the longitudinal excavation device 61; 2) The construction of the four outer walls 2 is completed by the longitudinal excavation device 61 and the transverse excavation device 62; 3) Dismantle the longitudinal excavation device 61 and the transverse excavation device 62; 4) Drive the outer insert plate 2F and the inner insert plate 2G between the left longitudinal wall 2B1 and the middle longitudinal wall 2B2, and between the middle longitudinal wall 2B2 and the right longitudinal wall 2B3. 5) Grout between the outer insert plate 2F and the inner insert plate 2G to complete the water-stopping construction between the left longitudinal wall 2B1 and the middle longitudinal wall 2B2, and between the middle longitudinal wall 2B2 and the right longitudinal wall 2B3. 6) Complete the construction of temporary external wall 2A and longitudinal guide rail 2A1; 7) Complete the installation of the intermediate excavation device 5A; 8) Pour water into the surrounding outer walls 2 and raise the water level to the set height; 9) When the pressure of the soil and rock on the outside of the outer wall 2 and the pressure of the water on the inside of the outer wall 2 are in equilibrium, the soil and rock inside the outer wall 2 are excavated in the water by the excavation device 5A. 10) Insert the base plate pin 11A into the base plate pin hole 2D; 11) Place the steel frame 3A on the base plate pin 11A; 12) Complete the construction of pile 1B; 13) Insert the middle plate pin 11B into the middle plate pin hole 2E; 14) Place the steel frame 4A on the middle plate pin 11B; 15) Demolish temporary exterior wall 2A and complete the construction of roof slab 1A; 16) Remove the water from inside the four outer walls 2; 17) The horizontal sides of the steel frame 4A are fixedly connected to the longitudinal wall 2B to form a whole, and the concrete is poured to complete the construction of the middle plate 4. 18) The horizontal sides of the steel frame 3A are fixedly connected to the longitudinal wall 2B to form a whole, and the concrete is poured to complete the construction of the base plate 3. 19) Grouting is performed below the base plate 3 using a one-way nozzle 3A2; 20) Continue subsequent work until all construction of subway station 11 is completed.
[0011] In summary, compared with existing technologies, this invention creatively balances the soil pressure on the outer wall and the water pressure on the inner side of the outer wall by injecting water. This allows the entire underground structure to be constructed without a traditional support system, and cleverly utilizes chain cutter excavation technology to achieve vertical sinking of the outer wall. Main advantages: no dewatering, no support required, short construction period, and low investment. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the four outer walls 2 that make up the underground building 1, and also a structural diagram of the longitudinal wall 2B and the transverse wall 2C that make up the four outer walls 2. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The A-direction view is also a structural schematic diagram of the chain cutter excavating device 6 that makes up the construction device 5, a structural schematic diagram of the chain cutter 6A that makes up the chain cutter excavating device 6, a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal excavating device 61 and the transverse excavating device 62 that make up the chain cutter excavating device 6, a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal chain cutter 61A that makes up the longitudinal excavating device 61, and a structural schematic diagram of the transverse chain cutter 62A that makes up the transverse excavating device 62. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The BB view is also a structural schematic diagram of the temporary outer wall 2A that makes up the four outer walls 2; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the chain 6A1 and the digging blade 6A2 that make up the chain cutter 6A; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The C-direction view; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 The D-direction view; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer wall 2 around the bottom when the chain cutter excavator 6 has dug to the bottom; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer walls 2 around the perimeter after the chain cutter excavator 6 has been removed; Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal guide rail 2A1 that makes up the temporary outer wall 2A, a structural schematic diagram of the intermediate excavation device 5A that makes up the construction device 5, a structural schematic diagram of the top frame 5A1, walking device 5A2, lifting device 5A3 and spiral excavation device 5A4 that make up the intermediate excavation device 5A, a structural schematic diagram of the pile 1B that makes up the underground building 1, a structural schematic diagram of the pile cap 1B1 that makes up the pile 1B, and a structural schematic diagram of the pile step hole 3A1 and one-way nozzle 3A2 that make up the steel structure frame 3A. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central excavation device 5A after water is poured into the surrounding outer walls 2; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate excavation device 5A after it has dug to the bottom of the water. Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the surrounding outer walls 2 after the intermediate excavation device 5A has been removed; Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the surrounding exterior walls 2 after the installation of the base plate pin 11A and the steel structure frame 3A is completed; Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the four outer walls 2 after the completion of pile 1B construction; Figure 15 This is a structural schematic diagram of the four outer walls 2 after the installation of the middle plate pin 11B and the steel structure frame 4A is completed; Figure 16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the subway station 11 after the water level is lowered to the set height and the construction of the top slab 1A is completed. It is also a structural schematic diagram of the subway station 11 that makes up the underground building 1. It is also a structural schematic diagram of the bottom slab pin 11A and the middle slab pin 11B that make up the subway station 11. It is also a structural schematic diagram of the bottom slab pin hole 2D and the middle slab pin hole 2E that make up the four outer walls 2. It is also a structural schematic diagram of the bottom slab 3, the middle slab 4 and the top slab 1A that make up the underground building 1. It is also a structural schematic diagram of the steel structure frame 3A that makes up the bottom slab 3. It is also a structural schematic diagram of the steel structure skeleton 4A that makes up the middle slab 4. Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of subway station 11 after all construction of the middle slab 4 and the bottom slab 3 has been completed after the water has been drained; Figure 18 This is a structural diagram of subway station 11 after the temporary outer wall 2A has been removed; Figure 19 This is a structural schematic diagram of subway station 11 after the backfilling construction above the top slab 1A is completed; Figure 20 This is a structural diagram of the left longitudinal wall 2B1, the middle longitudinal wall 2B2 and the right longitudinal wall 2B3 that make up longitudinal wall 2B; Figure 21 yes Figure 20 The enlarged view at point I is a structural schematic diagram of the outer insert plate 2F and inner insert plate 2G that make up the surrounding outer walls 2. Figures 7 to 19 This is also a work sequence diagram for the construction of subway station 11.
[0013] Underground structure 1, top slab 1A, pile 1B, pile cap 1B1, subway station 11, bottom slab pin 11A, middle slab pin 11B, surrounding exterior walls 2, temporary exterior walls 2A, longitudinal guide rail 2A1, longitudinal wall 2B, left longitudinal wall 2B1, middle longitudinal wall 2B2, right longitudinal wall 2B3, transverse wall 2C, bottom slab pin hole 2D, middle slab pin hole 2E, outer insert plate 2F, inner insert plate 2G, bottom slab 3, steel structure frame 3A, pile step hole 3A1, one-way nozzle 3A2, middle slab 4, steel structure frame 4A, construction equipment 5, intermediate excavation device 5A, top frame 5A1, walking device 5A2, lifting device 5A3, spiral excavation device 5A4. Chain cutter digging device 6, chain cutter 6A, chain 6A1, digging cutter 6A2, longitudinal digging device 61, longitudinal chain cutter 61A, transverse digging device 62, transverse chain cutter 62A. Detailed Implementation
[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0015] Please see Figures 1-21 In this embodiment of the invention, the underground structure 1 includes four outer walls 2, a bottom slab 3, a middle slab 4, and a top slab 1A. The four outer walls 2 include a temporary outer wall 2A located at the top above the ground. The middle slab 4 is located between the bottom slab 3 and the top slab 1A. The bottom slab 3 includes a steel frame 3A, and the middle slab 4 includes a steel skeleton 4A. The open-cut construction method for the underground structure 1 includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of the four outer walls 2; 2) Pour water into the surrounding outer walls 2 and raise the water level to the set height; 3) When the soil pressure on the outside of the surrounding outer wall 2 is balanced with the water pressure on the inside of the surrounding outer wall 2, the excavation of the soil inside the surrounding outer wall 2 is completed in the water. 4) Complete the construction of the steel frame 3A or the base plate 3 in water; 5) Complete the construction of the steel frame 4A or the middle plate 4 in water; 6) The temporary exterior wall 2A may be demolished after the construction of the roof slab 1A is completed, or the temporary exterior wall 2A may be demolished first and then the construction of the roof slab 1A may be completed. 7) Continue subsequent work until the construction of underground structure 1 is completed.
[0016] It should be noted that the middle plate 4 can have multiple layers.
[0017] It should be noted that the four outer walls 2 can be underground continuous walls.
[0018] It should be noted that the bottom plane of the four outer walls 2 can be lower than the bottom plane of the base plate 3 at the set height.
[0019] The construction device 5 of the underground structure 1 includes a chain cutter excavation device 6, which includes a chain cutter 6A for excavating rock and soil. The chain cutter 6A includes a chain 6A1 and an excavation cutter 6A2 installed on the chain 6A1. The surrounding outer walls 2 include longitudinal walls 2B and transverse walls 2C. The chain cutter excavation device 6 includes a longitudinal excavation device 61 and a transverse excavation device 62. The longitudinal excavation device 61 includes a longitudinal chain cutter 61A that encloses the longitudinal wall 2B. The longitudinal chain cutter 61A is a component of the chain cutter 6A. The longitudinal chain cutter 61A located below the bottom of the longitudinal wall 2B excavates the rock and soil at the bottom. The longitudinal chain cutter 61A, which moves upward, carries the excavated rock and soil to the top for discharge, and the longitudinal wall 2B sinks accordingly. The transverse excavation device 62 includes a transverse chain cutter 62A that encloses the transverse wall 2C. The transverse chain cutter 62A is a component of the chain cutter 6A. The transverse chain cutter 62A, located below the bottom of the transverse wall 2C, excavates the rock and soil at the bottom. The transverse chain cutter 62A, which moves upward, carries the excavated rock and soil to the top for discharge, and the transverse wall 2C sinks accordingly.
[0020] The longitudinal wall 2B includes the left longitudinal wall 2B1, the middle longitudinal wall 2B2 and the right longitudinal wall 2B3. Step 1 is carried out in three sections.
[0021] It should be noted that longitudinal wall 2B can be divided into more segments in the longitudinal length direction.
[0022] It should be noted that the transverse wall 2C can also be segmented in the horizontal length direction.
[0023] The surrounding outer walls 2 are constructed by pouring concrete in sections along their height.
[0024] It should be noted that the four exterior walls 2 can also adopt a prefabricated assembly structure.
[0025] The underground structure 1 includes pile 1B, which includes pile cap 1B1. The steel structure frame 3A includes pile step hole 3A1 and one-way nozzle 3A2. Step 4 includes completing the construction of pile 1B. Step 7 includes completing the concrete pouring inside the steel structure frame 3A and grouting operation under the bottom plate 3 through one-way nozzle 3A2.
[0026] It should be noted that the pile cap 1B1 can be fixedly connected to the pile stepped hole 3A1 as one unit.
[0027] The temporary outer wall 2A includes a longitudinal guide rail 2A1 above it. The construction device 5 includes an intermediate excavation device 5A, which includes a top frame 5A1, a traveling device 5A2, a lifting device 5A3, a spiral excavation device 5A4, and a soil removal device. The traveling device 5A2, which runs on the longitudinal guide rail 2A1, is installed on both sides of the top frame 5A1. The lifting device 5A3 is installed on the top frame 5A1. The spiral excavation device 5A4 and the soil removal device are both installed at the bottom of the lifting device 5A3. Through the traveling device 5A2 and the lifting device 5A3, the spiral excavation device 5A4 can excavate the rock and soil inside the outer wall 2 layer by layer from top to bottom. The soil removal device can transport the rock and soil excavated by the spiral excavation device 5A4 to the outside of the outer wall 2.
[0028] The underground structure 1 includes a subway station 11, which includes a bottom plate pin 11A and a middle plate pin 11B. The surrounding outer walls 2 include bottom plate pin holes 2D, middle plate pin holes 2E, outer insert plates 2F, and inner insert plates 2G. The construction method of the subway station 11 includes the following main steps: 1) The construction of the two longitudinal walls 2B2 is completed by the longitudinal excavation device 61; 2) The construction of the four outer walls 2 is completed by the longitudinal excavation device 61 and the transverse excavation device 62; 3) Dismantle the longitudinal excavation device 61 and the transverse excavation device 62; 4) Drive the outer insert plate 2F and the inner insert plate 2G between the left longitudinal wall 2B1 and the middle longitudinal wall 2B2, and between the middle longitudinal wall 2B2 and the right longitudinal wall 2B3. 5) Grout between the outer insert plate 2F and the inner insert plate 2G to complete the water-stopping construction between the left longitudinal wall 2B1 and the middle longitudinal wall 2B2, and between the middle longitudinal wall 2B2 and the right longitudinal wall 2B3. 6) Complete the construction of temporary external wall 2A and longitudinal guide rail 2A1; 7) Complete the installation of the intermediate excavation device 5A; 8) Pour water into the surrounding outer walls 2 and raise the water level to the set height; 9) When the pressure of the soil and rock on the outside of the outer wall 2 and the pressure of the water on the inside of the outer wall 2 are in equilibrium, the soil and rock inside the outer wall 2 are excavated in the water by the excavation device 5A. 10) Insert the base plate pin 11A into the base plate pin hole 2D; 11) Place the steel frame 3A on the base plate pin 11A; 12) Complete the construction of pile 1B; 13) Insert the middle plate pin 11B into the middle plate pin hole 2E; 14) Place the steel frame 4A on the middle plate pin 11B; 15) Demolish temporary exterior wall 2A and complete the construction of roof slab 1A; 16) Remove the water from inside the four outer walls 2; 17) The horizontal sides of the steel frame 4A are fixedly connected to the longitudinal wall 2B to form a whole, and the concrete is poured to complete the construction of the middle plate 4. 18) The horizontal sides of the steel frame 3A are fixedly connected to the longitudinal wall 2B to form a whole, and the concrete is poured to complete the construction of the base plate 3. 19) Grouting is performed below the base plate 3 using a one-way nozzle 3A2; 20) Continue subsequent work until all construction of subway station 11 is completed.
[0029] It should be noted that the central longitudinal wall 2B2 in step 1 and the four outer walls 2 in step 2 can both adopt the same sandwich steel plate concrete structure as the steel structure frame 3A and the steel structure skeleton 4A. The concrete is poured after the steel structure sinking operation is completed.
[0030] It should be noted that the temporary outer wall 2A in step 6 can also be completed together with the surrounding outer walls 2 for sinking construction.
[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. In this invention, it should also be noted that the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integrally formed connection, a mechanical connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0032] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A construction method for underground buildings that utilizes hydraulic balance for excavation after the completion of the exterior wall construction; its characteristic is that the underground... The building (1) includes four outer walls (2), a base slab (3), a middle slab (4), and a top slab (1A). The four outer walls (2) include a temporary outer wall (2A) located at the top above the ground. The middle slab (4) is located between the base slab (3) and the top slab (1A). The base slab (3) includes a steel frame (3A), and the middle slab (4) includes a steel skeleton (4A). The open-cut construction method of the underground building (1) includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of the four outer walls (2); 2) Pour water into the surrounding outer walls (2) and make the water level reach the set height; 3) When the soil pressure on the outside of the surrounding walls (2) is balanced with the water pressure on the inside of the surrounding walls (2), the excavation of the soil inside the surrounding walls (2) is completed in the water. 4) Complete the construction of the steel frame (3A) or base plate (3) in water; 5) Complete the construction of the steel frame (4A) or the middle plate (4) in water; 6) The temporary exterior wall (2A) is removed after the construction of the roof slab (1A) is completed, or the temporary exterior wall (2A) is removed first and then the construction of the roof slab (1A) is completed. 7) Continue subsequent work until the construction of the underground building (1) is completed.
2. The underground construction method for excavation using hydraulic balance after the completion of the exterior wall construction, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The construction device (5) of the underground structure (1) includes a chain cutter excavation device (6), which includes a chain cutter (6A) for excavating rock and soil. The chain cutter (6A) includes a chain (6A1) and an excavation cutter (6A2) mounted on the chain (6A1). The surrounding outer walls (2) include longitudinal walls (2B) and transverse walls (2C). The chain cutter excavation device (6) includes a longitudinal excavation device (61) and a transverse excavation device (62). The longitudinal excavation device (61) includes a longitudinal chain cutter (61A) that encloses the longitudinal wall (2B). The longitudinal chain cutter (61A) is a component of the chain cutter (6A). The longitudinal cutter (61A) located below the bottom of the longitudinal wall (2B) excavates the rock and soil at the bottom. The longitudinal cutter (61A) moving upward carries the excavated rock and soil to the top for discharge, and the longitudinal wall (2B) sinks accordingly. The transverse excavation device (62) includes a transverse cutter (62A) that encloses the transverse wall (2C). The transverse cutter (62A) is a component of the cutter (6A). The transverse cutter (62A) located below the bottom of the transverse wall (2C) excavates the rock and soil at the bottom. The transverse cutter (62A) moving upward carries the excavated rock and soil to the top for discharge, and the transverse wall (2C) sinks accordingly.
3. The underground building construction method using hydraulic balance for excavation after the completion of the exterior wall construction, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The longitudinal wall (2B) includes the left longitudinal wall (2B1), the middle longitudinal wall (2B2) and the right longitudinal wall (2B3). Step 1) is constructed in three sections.
4. The underground building construction method using hydraulic balance for excavation after the completion of the exterior wall construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The surrounding outer walls (2) are constructed by pouring concrete in sections along the height direction.
5. The underground construction method for excavation using hydraulic balance after the completion of the exterior wall construction, as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized by: The underground structure (1) includes piles (1B), piles (1B) include pile caps (1B1), the steel structure frame (3A) includes pile step holes (3A1) and one-way nozzles (3A2), step 4) includes completing the construction of piles (1B); step 7) includes completing the concrete pouring in the steel structure frame (3A) and grouting operation under the bottom plate (3) through the one-way nozzles (3A2).
6. The underground building construction method using hydraulic balance for excavation after the completion of the exterior wall construction, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... The temporary outer wall (2A) includes a longitudinal guide rail (2A1) above it. The construction device (5) includes an intermediate excavation device (5A). The intermediate excavation device (5A) includes a top frame (5A1), a walking device (5A2), a lifting device (5A3), a spiral excavation device (5A4), and a soil removal device. The walking device (5A2), which runs on the longitudinal guide rail (2A1), is installed on both sides of the top frame (5A1). The lifting device (5A3) is installed on the top frame (5A1). The spiral excavation device (5A4) and the soil removal device are both installed at the bottom of the lifting device (5A3). Through the walking device (5A2) and the lifting device (5A3), the spiral excavation device (5A4) can excavate the rock and soil inside the outer wall (2) layer by layer from top to bottom. The soil removal device can transport the rock and soil excavated by the spiral excavation device (5A4) to the outside of the outer wall (2).
7. The underground building construction method using hydraulic balance for excavation after the completion of the exterior wall construction as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The underground structure (1) includes a subway station (11), which includes a bottom plate pin (11A) and a middle plate pin (11B). The surrounding outer walls (2) include bottom plate pin holes (2D), middle plate pin holes (2E), outer insert plates (2F), and inner insert plates (2G). The construction method of the subway station (11) includes the following main steps: 1) The construction of the two intermediate longitudinal walls (2B2) is completed by the longitudinal excavation device (61); 2) The construction of the four outer walls (2) is completed by using a longitudinal excavation device (61) and a transverse excavation device (62); 3) Remove the longitudinal excavation device (61) and the transverse excavation device (62). 4) Drive in the outer insert plate (2F) and the inner insert plate (2G) between the left longitudinal wall (2B1) and the middle longitudinal wall (2B2) and between the middle longitudinal wall (2B2) and the right longitudinal wall (2B3). 5) Grout between the outer insert plate (2F) and the inner insert plate (2G) to complete the water-stopping construction between the left longitudinal wall (2B1) and the middle longitudinal wall (2B2) and between the middle longitudinal wall (2B2) and the right longitudinal wall (2B3); 6) Complete the construction of the temporary exterior wall (2A) and longitudinal guide rail (2A1); 7) Complete the installation of the intermediate excavation device (5A); 8) Pour water into the surrounding outer walls (2) and make the water level reach the set height; 9) When the pressure of the soil and rock on the outside of the four outer walls (2) and the pressure of the water on the inside of the four outer walls (2) are balanced, the soil and rock inside the four outer walls (2) are excavated in the water by the excavation device (5A); 10) Insert the base plate pin (11A) into the base plate pin hole (2D); 11) Place the steel frame (3A) on the base plate pin (11A); 12) Complete the construction of pile (1B); 13) Insert the middle plate pin (11B) into the middle plate pin hole (2E); 14) Place the steel frame (4A) on the middle plate pin (11B); 15) Remove the temporary exterior wall (2A) and complete the construction of the roof slab (1A); 16) Remove the water from the four outer walls (2); 17) The horizontal sides of the steel frame (4A) are fixed to the longitudinal wall (2B) and the concrete is poured to complete the construction of the middle plate (4); 18) The horizontal sides of the steel frame (3A) are fixed to the longitudinal wall (2B) and the concrete is poured to complete the construction of the base plate (3); 19) Grouting is carried out below the base plate (3) using a one-way nozzle (3A2); 20) Continue subsequent work until the construction of the entire subway station (11) is completed.