Self-locking fastener structure with elastic locking ring

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of self-locking fastener technology, specifically disclosing a self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring. The structure includes a screw, comprising a smooth section and a threaded section. A stop ring is fitted around the smooth section, and the inner wall of the stop ring has a planar groove. A limiting plane is provided on the outer side of the smooth section, and the planar groove and the limiting plane cooperate. A nut is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded section, and a sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the nut. A toothed ring is slidably fitted around the outer side of the sliding sleeve. In this invention, the smooth section of the screw cooperates with the planar groove of the stop ring to achieve circumferential limiting of the stop ring, preventing it from rotating with the nut and providing a stable foundation for locking. The anti-slip ring tightly abuts against the part to be connected, increasing friction and further enhancing the anti-loosening effect, effectively resisting the influence of complex working conditions such as vibration and impact, and solving the key problem of easy loosening in traditional fasteners.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of self-locking fastener technology, and in particular to a self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring. Background Technology

[0002] Fasteners are indispensable basic components in fields such as machinery manufacturing, building installation, and equipment assembly. Their core function is to firmly connect two or more components, ensuring the stability and reliability of the overall structure. Under complex working conditions such as vibration, impact, and temperature changes, the anti-loosening performance, self-locking reliability, and ease of disassembly of fasteners directly affect the operational safety and maintenance efficiency of equipment.

[0003] Existing fasteners suffer from numerous insurmountable drawbacks:

[0004] Firstly, traditional fasteners mostly rely on thread friction for fixation, which can easily loosen under vibration, impact, and other working conditions, leading to connection failure, equipment malfunction, or even safety accidents. Secondly, some self-locking fasteners use an irreversible locking structure, which requires damage to the fastener or the part to be connected during disassembly, resulting in material waste and increased maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring, comprising a screw, the screw comprising a smooth section and a threaded section, a stop ring sleeved on the outside of the smooth section, a planar groove on the inner wall of the stop ring, a limiting plane on the outside of the smooth section, the planar groove and the limiting plane cooperating with each other, a nut threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded section, a sliding sleeve fixedly connected to one end of the nut, a toothed ring slidably sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve, a limiting locking component between the toothed ring and the stop ring, and an elastic pushing component between the toothed ring and the sliding sleeve.

[0007] A further provision of the present invention is that the outer side of the sliding sleeve is provided with multiple sets of sliding grooves, and the inner wall of the gear ring is fixedly connected with multiple sets of sliders, the sliders being slidably connected in the sliding grooves.

[0008] A further embodiment of the present invention is that the limiting locking component includes a first stop ratchet and a second stop ratchet. The first stop ratchet is provided in multiple sets and is fixedly connected to one side of the stop ring. The second stop ratchet is provided in multiple sets and is fixedly connected to the outer side of the toothed ring.

[0009] A further feature of the present invention is that the outer side of the gear ring is provided with multiple sets of buffer grooves, and the buffer grooves are strip-shaped or V-shaped structures.

[0010] A further feature of the present invention is that an anti-slip ring is fixedly connected to the side of the stop ring away from the toothed ring, and the anti-slip ring is annular and sleeved on the outside of the smooth rod section.

[0011] A further embodiment of the present invention is that the elastic pushing component includes a fixed block fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding sleeve and an elastic member fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed block, one end of the elastic member abutting against the gear ring.

[0012] A further configuration of the present invention is that the elastic element is a compression spring or a spring sheet, and one end of the compression spring or spring sheet abuts against the outer side of the gear ring.

[0013] A further feature of the present invention is that both the first stop ratchet and the second stop ratchet are right-angled trapezoidal structures, and the inclined surfaces of the first stop ratchet and the second stop ratchet correspond to each other.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] I. In this invention, the smooth section of the screw engages with the planar groove of the retaining ring to achieve circumferential limiting of the retaining ring, preventing it from rotating with the nut and providing a stable foundation for locking. The anti-slip ring tightly abuts against the part to be connected, increasing friction and further enhancing the anti-loosening effect, effectively resisting the influence of complex working conditions such as vibration and impact, and solving the key problem of easy loosening of traditional fasteners. The sliding sleeve and the slider and groove of the gear ring engage to ensure that the gear ring rotates synchronously with the nut while allowing axial sliding, providing the possibility for elastic pushing and unlocking operations, balancing locking reliability and disassembly convenience. The elastic pushing component provides continuous axial thrust to the gear ring, ensuring a tight fit of the limiting locking component and avoiding locking failure due to gaps. At the same time, the elastic force can buffer the impact of the locking and protect the ratchet structure. The limiting locking component achieves unidirectional self-locking through the right-angled trapezoidal structure of the ratchet, preventing the nut from rotating in the opposite direction. The locking sound generated during rotation allows the operator to intuitively judge the locking status without the need for professional tools, reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0016] II. In this invention, the collaborative design of the elastic pushing component and the limiting locking component further enhances the self-locking reliability and durability of the fastener. The continuous axial thrust provided by the elastic element ensures that the first and second stop ratchet teeth are always tightly engaged, preventing loosening caused by ratchet disengagement even under strong vibration and frequent impact conditions, thus completely solving the problem of easy failure of traditional self-locking structures. The buffer groove on the outside of the gear ring effectively disperses the impact force when the ratchet teeth are engaged, alleviates stress concentration, avoids ratchet wear and deformation, and extends the service life of the core components. The sliding sleeve and the slider-groove cooperation of the gear ring provide precise guidance for the movement of the gear ring, ensuring smooth ratchet engagement and disengagement, avoiding jamming, improving locking accuracy, and reducing operation difficulty. The elastic element can be a compression spring or a spring sheet, which can be flexibly selected according to the requirements of connection strength, installation space, etc., to adapt to different working conditions and further broaden the application range of the fastener.

[0017] Third, this invention ensures self-locking reliability while also balancing ease of disassembly and reusability, significantly reducing maintenance costs. Disassembly requires no damage to the fasteners or the parts to be connected; simply pushing the elastic element and sliding toothed ring releases the lock. A single person can quickly complete the operation, making it suitable for emergency repairs, equipment refurbishment, and other scenarios, solving the pain points of cumbersome disassembly and easy damage associated with traditional self-locking fasteners. The anti-slip ring and the flat groove of the retaining ring provide double protection. The anti-slip ring increases friction with the parts to be connected, while the flat groove restricts the circumferential rotation of the retaining ring. Together, they prevent the retaining ring from shifting, further improving connection stability. The entire structure is reusable, and core components can be easily replaced individually after wear, eliminating the need for complete scrapping and reducing material waste. It is adaptable to various connection needs, from light equipment to heavy-duty structures, combining practicality and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the screw structure in this invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gear ring structure in this invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stop ring in this invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram of region B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0028] The diagram is marked as follows:

[0029] 1. Screw; 2. Smooth section; 3. Limiting plane; 4. Threaded section; 5. Stop ring; 6. Anti-slip ring; 7. Flat groove; 8. First stop ratchet; 9. Nut; 10. Sliding sleeve; 11. Gear ring; 12. Buffer groove; 13. Second stop ratchet; 14. Sliding block; 15. Slide groove; 16. Fixing block; 17. Elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-10 The present invention will be further described below.

[0032] To address the problems existing in the background art, this application proposes the following technical solution: a self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring, comprising a screw 1, the screw 1 comprising a smooth section 2 and a threaded section 4, a stop ring 5 sleeved on the outside of the smooth section 2, a planar groove 7 on the inner wall of the stop ring 5, and a limiting plane 3 on the outside of the smooth section 2, the planar groove 7 and the limiting plane 3 working together, a nut 9 threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded section 4, a sliding sleeve 10 fixedly connected to one end of the nut 9, a toothed ring 11 slidably sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve 10, a limiting locking component between the toothed ring 11 and the stop ring 5, an elastic pushing component between the toothed ring 11 and the sliding sleeve 10, multiple sets of sliding grooves 15 sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve 10, multiple sets of sliders 14 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the toothed ring 11, the sliders 14 slidably connected in the sliding grooves 15, and an anti-slip ring 6 fixedly connected to the side of the stop ring 5 away from the toothed ring 11, the anti-slip ring 6 being an annular structure and sleeved on the outside of the smooth section 2.

[0033] In this embodiment, the screw 1 serves as the core load-bearing component of the fastener. The smooth section 2 and the threaded section 4 have clearly defined functions: the smooth section 2 provides the mounting and limiting foundation for the stop ring 5, while the threaded section 4 achieves a threaded connection with the nut 9, ensuring a secure fixation between the fastener and the component to be connected. This aligns with the core operation of passing the fastener through the component and tightening the nut 9 during use. The planar groove 7 on the inner wall of the stop ring 5 engages with the limiting plane 3 of the smooth section 2. During use, when the stop ring 5 is fitted, it quickly achieves circumferential limiting, preventing the stop ring 5 from rotating with the nut 9 and providing stable support for subsequent locking. The sliding sleeve 10 is fixedly connected to the nut 9 and rotates synchronously with it. The toothed ring 11 slides with the sliding groove 15 of the sliding sleeve 10 via the slider 14, ensuring that the toothed ring 11 rotates synchronously with the sliding sleeve 10 while also allowing it to slide axially along the groove 15, providing the possibility for elastic pushing and unlocking operations. The limiting and locking assembly is the core of achieving self-locking. The elastic pushing assembly provides continuous axial thrust to the gear ring 11, ensuring a tight fit of the locking assembly and preventing loosening. The anti-slip ring 6 is fixed on the side of the stop ring 5 away from the gear ring 11. When it is in close contact with the part to be connected, it can increase the friction force, prevent the stop ring 5 from shifting, further enhance the locking effect, and prevent the fastener from loosening due to vibration and other factors. This solves the problem of traditional fasteners being prone to loosening and improves the reliability and stability of the connection.

[0034] In this embodiment, the limiting and locking component includes a first stop ratchet 8 and a second stop ratchet 13. The first stop ratchet 8 is provided in multiple sets and is fixedly connected to one side of the stop ring 5. The second stop ratchet 13 is provided in multiple sets and is fixedly connected to the outer side of the toothed ring 11. The outer side of the toothed ring 11 is provided with multiple sets of buffer grooves 12. The buffer grooves 12 are strip-shaped or V-shaped structures. The first stop ratchet 8 and the second stop ratchet 13 are both right-angled trapezoidal structures, and the inclined surfaces of the first stop ratchet 8 and the second stop ratchet 13 correspond to each other.

[0035] The ratchet design of the limit locking component is key to achieving unidirectional self-locking, perfectly aligning with the locking process during the rotation of nut 9 in the usage method. Both the first stop ratchet 8 and the second stop ratchet 13 are right-angled trapezoidal structures with corresponding inclined surfaces. When nut 9 is turned in the usage method, the toothed ring 11 rotates with the sliding sleeve 10, and the inclined surface of the second stop ratchet 13 slides along the inclined surface of the first stop ratchet 8, producing a "clicking" sound. This facilitates the operator's judgment of the locking status and achieves unidirectional locking through the mutual contact of the right-angled surfaces, preventing nut 9 from rotating in the opposite direction and fundamentally preventing the fastener from loosening. The multiple sets of ratchets increase the locking contact area, enhance locking strength, and prevent damage caused by excessive force on a single ratchet. The buffer groove 12 on the outside of the toothed ring 11 provides a certain elastic buffer during ratchet engagement, mitigating the impact force at the moment of engagement, protecting the ratchet structure, preventing wear and deformation of the ratchet over long-term use, and extending the service life of the fastener. This ratchet locking structure achieves self-locking without additional tools, making it easy to operate and reliable in locking. It is suitable for complex working conditions such as vibration and impact, solving the problem of traditional fasteners relying on external force for locking and being prone to loosening.

[0036] In this embodiment, the elastic pushing assembly includes a fixing block 16 fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding sleeve 10 and an elastic element 17 fixedly connected to the outside of the fixing block 16. One end of the elastic element 17 abuts against the gear ring 11. The elastic element 17 is a compression spring or a spring sheet, and one end of the compression spring or spring sheet abuts against the outside of the gear ring 11.

[0037] The elastic pushing component provides continuous contact power to the limit locking component, perfectly adapting to the locking and unlocking operations in the usage method. The fixing block 16 is fixed to the outside of the sliding sleeve 10, providing a stable installation support for the elastic element 17, ensuring that the elastic element 17 is under stable force and does not shift. The elastic element 17 uses a compression spring or elastic sheet, which has good elastic recovery performance. When tightening the nut 9 in the usage method, the elastic element 17 continuously pushes the toothed ring 11 to move towards the stop ring 5, ensuring that the first stop ratchet 8 and the second stop ratchet 13 are in close contact, preventing the ratchet from disengaging due to vibration or other factors, and ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the self-locking function. The elastic force of the elastic element 17 can buffer the impact force when the ratchet is engaged, reduce ratchet wear, and at the same time, it can accommodate a certain assembly error, improving the compatibility of the fastener. During disassembly, as described in the instructions, simply push the elastic element 17 with a tool to release the thrust on the gear ring 11. Slide the gear ring 11 backward to disengage the ratchet teeth, and easily turn the nut 9 to complete the disassembly. The operation is convenient and does not require damage to the fasteners or the parts to be connected, solving the problems of difficult disassembly and easy damage of traditional self-locking fasteners. The two optional types of the elastic element 17 can adapt to different working conditions, further improving the versatility and practicality of the device.

[0038] The usage method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0039] Before use, check that the screw 1, stop ring 5, nut 9, gear ring 11 and other components are intact and undamaged, the threaded section 4 is free from rust and deformation, and the flat groove 7 of the stop ring 5 fits smoothly with the limiting plane 3 of the smooth rod section 2; check that the first stop ratchet 8 and the second stop ratchet 13 of the limit locking assembly are free from wear and deformation, and the buffer groove 12 is intact; confirm that the elastic element 17 of the elastic push assembly is free from aging and breakage, and that the slider 14 slides flexibly with the slide groove 15; check that the anti-slip ring 6 is undamaged and detached, and has good elasticity.

[0040] Install the stop ring 5: Pass the screw 1 through the mounting hole of the part to be connected, ensuring that the screw 1 is installed in an accurate position; then put the stop ring 5 on the smooth section 2 of the screw 1 and slide it until it fits against the part to be connected, ensuring that the flat groove 7 on the inner wall of the stop ring 5 is in close contact with the limiting plane 3 of the smooth section 2, so as to achieve circumferential limiting of the stop ring 5 and prevent the stop ring 5 from rotating. At this time, the anti-slip ring 6 is in close contact with the outside of the part to be connected, increasing the friction.

[0041] Nut 9 locking operation: Connect nut 9 to the threaded section 4 of screw 1, rotate nut 9 clockwise, nut 9 drives the sliding sleeve 10 to rotate synchronously, and the toothed ring 11 moves towards the stop ring 5 under the push of the elastic element 17 while rotating with the sliding sleeve 10; when the toothed ring 11 contacts the stop ring 5, the second stop ratchet 13 and the first stop ratchet 8 begin to engage, and a "clicking" sound is produced during rotation, indicating that the locking is effective; continue to rotate nut 9 until the stop ring 5 and the anti-slip ring 6 firmly abut against the connecting parts, and the rotation of nut 9 reaches the set torque, then stop rotating, at which point the fastener completes self-locking fixation.

[0042] Disassembly procedure: If disassembly is required, insert a tool between the elastic element 17 and the gear ring 11 to compress the elastic element 17 and release the thrust of the elastic element 17 on the gear ring 11; slide the gear ring 11 backward to disengage the second stop ratchet 13 on the gear ring 11 from the first stop ratchet 8 of the stop ring 5; turn the nut 9 counterclockwise to unscrew the nut 9 from the threaded section 4, then remove the stop ring 5 and pull out the screw 1 to complete the disassembly; after disassembly, clean the impurities on the surface of each component, check the condition of the ratchet, elastic element 17, etc., to ensure reliable use next time.

[0043] Maintenance and storage: After use, clean the dust and oil stains on the surface of each part, and lubricate and maintain the thread section 4, ratchet and other parts to prevent rust; store each part in a classified manner to prevent the elastic part 17 from being compressed and the ratchet from being damaged; regularly check the elastic performance of the elastic part 17 and the wear of the ratchet, and replace the aged or damaged parts in time to extend the service life of the fastener.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, the scope of the invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring, characterized in that, The screw (1) includes a smooth section (2) and a threaded section (4). A stop ring (5) is sleeved on the outside of the smooth section (2). A flat groove (7) is provided on the inner wall of the stop ring (5). A limiting plane (3) is provided on the outside of the smooth section (2). The flat groove (7) and the limiting plane (3) are used in conjunction. A nut (9) is threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded section (4). A sliding sleeve (10) is fixedly connected to one end of the nut (9). A toothed ring (11) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve (10). A limiting locking component is provided between the toothed ring (11) and the stop ring (5). An elastic pushing component is provided between the toothed ring (11) and the sliding sleeve (10).

2. The self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the sliding sleeve (10) is provided with multiple sets of sliding grooves (15), and the inner wall of the toothed ring (11) is fixedly connected with multiple sets of sliders (14), which are slidably connected in the sliding grooves (15).

3. The self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting locking assembly includes a first stop ratchet (8) and a second stop ratchet (13). The first stop ratchet (8) is provided in multiple sets and is fixedly connected to one side of the stop ring (5). The second stop ratchet (13) is provided in multiple sets and is fixedly connected to the outer side of the toothed ring (11).

4. The self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toothed ring (11) is provided with multiple sets of buffer grooves (12) on its outside, and the buffer grooves (12) are strip-shaped or V-shaped structures.

5. The self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-slip ring (6) is fixedly connected to the side of the stop ring (5) away from the toothed ring (11). The anti-slip ring (6) is a ring structure and is sleeved on the outside of the smooth rod section (2).

6. The self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic actuation assembly includes a fixed block (16) fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding sleeve (10) and an elastic element (17) fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed block (16), one end of the elastic element (17) abutting against the gear ring (11).

7. The self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The elastic element (17) is a compression spring or a spring sheet, and one end of the compression spring or spring sheet abuts against the outside of the toothed ring (11).

8. The self-locking fastener structure with an elastic locking toothed ring according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first stop ratchet (8) and the second stop ratchet (13) are both right-angled trapezoidal structures, and the inclined surfaces of the first stop ratchet (8) and the second stop ratchet (13) correspond to each other.

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