Method and system for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon water balance

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of vegetation establishment technology, providing a method and system for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance. The method includes: acquiring basic water resource data for a target area and determining the target tree species for afforestation in the target area; establishing equations for total water consumption, total biomass, and density based on the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species; constructing a water use efficiency function and calculating the optimal stand density based on the equations for total water consumption, total biomass, and density; calculating the ecologically available water resources in the target area based on the basic water resource data, and verifying the optimal stand density accordingly to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area. This invention achieves accurate determination of vegetation carrying capacity density by establishing water consumption and biomass density equations that include competition coefficients, using the water use efficiency function to solve for the optimal density, and verifying it with ecologically available water resources. It has the advantage of synergistically improving regional vegetation carbon sequestration capacity and water resource security.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vegetation construction technology, and in particular to a method and system for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance. Background Technology

[0002] Afforestation is a crucial measure for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Currently, a large amount of afforestation land is located in arid and semi-arid regions, where water is a key factor limiting vegetation growth and ecosystem stability. How to conduct scientific vegetation establishment under limited water resources is a significant challenge facing current ecological restoration efforts.

[0003] However, existing vegetation restoration practices in arid and semi-arid regions have long faced a contradiction between water resource constraints and the water consumption demands of vegetation. Traditional afforestation planning often focuses on greening area and short-term results, lacking in-depth consideration of regional carbon-water balance mechanisms. This easily leads to vegetation degradation and poor growth due to water shortages, and even causes problems such as groundwater depletion, making it difficult to achieve sustainable ecological benefits. Therefore, how to scientifically determine the scale of vegetation restoration that is in line with local water resource conditions is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method and system for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance, in order to solve the defects of vegetation degradation and ecological unsustainability in existing vegetation construction in arid and semi-arid areas.

[0005] This invention provides a method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance, comprising: Obtain basic water resource data for the target area and determine the target tree species for afforestation in the target area; Obtain the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, wherein the physiological and ecological parameters include at least the maximum water consumption per tree and the maximum biomass per tree; Based on the aforementioned physiological and ecological parameters, a total water consumption-density equation and a total biomass-density equation are established for the target tree species; wherein, the total water consumption-density equation includes a water consumption competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on water consumption per tree, and the total biomass-density equation includes a biomass competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on biomass per tree. Based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, a water use efficiency function is constructed, and the optimal stand density is calculated according to the water use efficiency function. The water use efficiency function is used to characterize the correlation between vegetation water use efficiency and afforestation density. Based on the aforementioned basic water resource data, the ecologically available water resources of the target area are calculated, and the optimal forest stand density is verified based on the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area.

[0006] According to the present invention, a method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance is provided, wherein establishing the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation for the target tree species based on the physiological and ecological parameters includes: Using the maximum water consumption per tree in the physiological and ecological parameters as a benchmark, a first attenuation relationship based on the water consumption competition coefficient is constructed, and the product of the afforestation density and the first attenuation relationship is used as the total water consumption-density equation. Using the maximum biomass per plant in the physiological and ecological parameters as a benchmark, a second decay relationship based on the biomass competition coefficient is constructed, and the product of the afforestation density and the second decay relationship is used as the total biomass-density equation. The first attenuation relationship is used to characterize the nonlinear decreasing trend of water consumption per tree as the afforestation density increases. The degree of attenuation of the first attenuation relationship is positively correlated with the product of the water consumption competition coefficient and the afforestation density. The second attenuation relationship is used to characterize the nonlinear decreasing trend of biomass per tree as the afforestation density increases. The degree of attenuation of the second attenuation relationship is positively correlated with the product of the biomass competition coefficient and the afforestation density.

[0007] According to the present invention, a method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance includes constructing a water use efficiency function based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, and calculating the optimal stand density according to the water use efficiency function, comprising: The water use efficiency function is constructed by using the total water consumption-density equation as the denominator and the total biomass-density equation as the numerator. The water use efficiency function is differentiated with respect to afforestation density, and the extreme points where the derivative is zero are determined. The afforestation density corresponding to the extreme point is determined as the optimal stand density, wherein the optimal stand density is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the water consumption competition coefficient and the biomass competition coefficient.

[0008] According to the present invention, a method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance, prior to the step of obtaining the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, further includes: The measured values ​​of water consumption and biomass per tree of the target tree species under different density gradients were obtained; wherein the measured values ​​of water consumption and biomass per tree were obtained based on monitoring of density gradient experimental forests set up in the target area or areas with similar site conditions, or based on monitoring of mature forests with different stand density gradients selected at the same time point. Using the measured values ​​of water consumption per plant and biomass per plant, the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation are fitted respectively to obtain the water consumption competition coefficient and the biomass competition coefficient.

[0009] According to the present invention, a method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance is provided, wherein calculating the ecologically available water resources of the target area based on the aforementioned basic water resource data includes: Extract the total regional water resources, domestic water consumption, production water consumption, and river ecological base flow from the aforementioned basic water resources data. The ecologically available water resources are obtained by subtracting the domestic water consumption, the production water consumption, and the river ecological base flow from the total regional water resources.

[0010] According to the present invention, a method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance, wherein the step of verifying the optimal forest stand density based on the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area includes: Based on the total water consumption-density equation, calculate the total water consumption of the target stand under the optimal stand density; The total water consumption of the target forest stand is compared with the ecologically available water resources. If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources, then the optimal forest stand density is determined as the vegetation carrying capacity density. If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is greater than the ecologically available water resources, the afforestation density is reduced until the adjusted total water consumption of the target forest stand is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources, and the adjusted afforestation density is determined as the vegetation carrying capacity density.

[0011] According to the present invention, a method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance, after the step of determining the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target region, further includes: If the target area is a newly afforested area, an afforestation planning scheme is generated based on the vegetation carrying capacity density; If the target area is an established forest stand area, the current forest stand density of the target area is obtained, the current forest stand density is compared with the vegetation carrying capacity density, and a tending and thinning instruction or a replanting instruction is generated based on the comparison result.

[0012] The present invention also provides a system for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance, comprising: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire basic water resource data of the target area and determine the target tree species for afforestation in the target area; The parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, wherein the physiological and ecological parameters include at least the maximum water consumption per tree and the maximum biomass per tree. The equation-establishing unit is used to establish the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation for the target tree species based on the physiological and ecological parameters; wherein, the total water consumption-density equation includes a water consumption competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on water consumption per tree, and the total biomass-density equation includes a biomass competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on biomass per tree. The density determination unit is used to construct a water use efficiency function based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, and to calculate the optimal stand density according to the water use efficiency function. The water use efficiency function is used to characterize the correlation between vegetation water use efficiency and afforestation density. The density verification unit is used to calculate the ecologically available water resources in the target area based on the water resources basic data, and to verify the optimal forest stand density based on the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area.

[0013] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance as described above.

[0014] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance as described above.

[0015] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon balance as described above.

[0016] The present invention provides a method and system for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance. By acquiring the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species and introducing the competition coefficients of water consumption and biomass, it constructs total water consumption-density equations and total biomass-density equations that can accurately quantify the inhibitory effect of increased stand density on individual tree growth accumulation and water consumption. This profoundly reveals the nonlinear response mechanism between stand density and carbon-water flux. Based on this, the present invention further constructs a water use efficiency function to solve for the theoretically optimal stand density, and combines the actual ecologically available water resources in the region to rigidly constrain and verify the theoretical value. This dual determination mechanism of theoretical optimization combined with rigid verification ensures that the finally determined vegetation carrying capacity density can achieve the optimal water use efficiency state of the vegetation community with the least amount of water to fix the most carbon, and can be strictly limited within the carrying capacity threshold of regional natural water resources. Thus, under the premise of effectively preventing ecological risks such as the over-exploitation of groundwater resources, the carbon sequestration benefits of vegetation are maximized. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or related technologies, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance provided by the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regional vegetation carrying capacity determination system based on carbon-water balance provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] Afforestation is an effective way to offset greenhouse gases, and the development of forestry and grassland carbon sequestration plays an irreplaceable and vital role. Currently, approximately 50% of afforestation land is located in arid and semi-arid regions with annual rainfall below 400 mm. In these areas, water is a key factor limiting vegetation growth and development and ecosystem stability.

[0021] With the advancement of ecological civilization construction, vegetation restoration and construction in arid and semi-arid regions have entered a stage of high-quality development. How to scientifically determine the appropriate scale of regional vegetation construction under limited water resource supply conditions to maximize the carbon sequestration and absorption benefits of vegetation while ensuring optimal water use efficiency has become a major practical need that urgently needs to be addressed in the ecological construction of this region.

[0022] However, existing technologies have certain shortcomings in vegetation construction in arid and semi-arid regions. First, these regions have long faced a fundamental contradiction between rigid water resource constraints and the water demand of vegetation. Traditional vegetation construction schemes often lack in-depth quantitative analysis of carbon-water coupling mechanisms, making it difficult to accurately assess vegetation carrying capacity under different precipitation and groundwater conditions. Second, current afforestation practices often unilaterally pursue the expansion of green areas and short-term carbon sequestration, neglecting regional water balance mechanisms. This leads to vegetation degradation, poor growth, and low coverage due to water shortages, and even triggers ecological water debt problems, causing groundwater overdraft and making carbon sequestration unsustainable, thus exacerbating ecological risks. Therefore, conducting research on carbon-water balance afforestation technology is not only a scientific prerequisite for determining afforestation based on water availability, but also crucial for resolving the carbon-water dilemma in ecological construction in arid and semi-arid regions.

[0023] In response, this invention provides a method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance. It aims to quantify the support boundary of water resources for vegetation carbon sequestration, providing an operable technical path for regions to synergistically enhance carbon sequestration capacity and maintain water security under limited water resources. This overcomes the series of ecological risks caused by the current single-minded focus on vegetation construction in arid and semi-arid regions and its disconnect from water resource carrying capacity. Furthermore, it addresses the practical problems of widespread degradation of artificial forests, stunted trees, and low coverage in traditional afforestation practices. The invention can provide technical support for the scientific layout and sustainable development of vegetation construction in the region.

[0024] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of information or data in this invention are carried out in accordance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the invention is located, and with the authorization granted by the owner of the relevant device.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Step S10: Obtain basic water resource data for the target area and determine the target tree species for afforestation in the target area.

[0026] Specifically, this step is a fundamental prerequisite for carrying capacity calculation. First, the geographical scope of the target area needs to be clearly defined. Depending on the application scenario, the target area can be divided into newly afforested areas and existing forest stands.

[0027] Based on this, the basic water resources data obtained mainly include meteorological data such as precipitation and evapotranspiration data for the region, as well as macro-hydrological data such as surface water resources and groundwater resources obtained by reviewing local water resources bulletins. Simultaneously, in order to accurately calculate ecological water use subsequently, it is also necessary to collect socio-economic water use data, including daily water use data for urban and rural residents and water use data for the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries (if applicable).

[0028] The determination of target tree species should follow the principle of "suitable tree for suitable site". For new afforestation scenarios, drought-resistant trees or shrubs suitable for growth should be selected as target tree species based on the site conditions of the proposed afforestation area (such as soil type, slope and aspect). Preferably, native tree species can be selected as target tree species. For the management of existing forest stands, the existing main afforestation tree species should be directly used as target tree species.

[0029] Step S20: Obtain the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, wherein the physiological and ecological parameters include at least the maximum water consumption per tree and the maximum biomass per tree.

[0030] Specifically, this step aims to quantify the growth potential and water consumption characteristics of the target tree species under ideal conditions (i.e., without competitive pressure).

[0031] Among them, the maximum water consumption per plant (denoted as ) Water biomass (L / tree) refers to the total amount of water consumed by a single tree during a specific growth cycle under conditions of sufficient water availability and no intraspecific or interspecific competition. It is usually measured in liters per tree (L / tree). Maximum biomass per tree (denoted as...) Carbon storage (C) refers to the maximum dry matter mass or carbon storage that a single tree can accumulate under the same ideal conditions, usually expressed in kilograms of carbon per tree (kg C / tree).

[0032] These parameters can be obtained through field monitoring. For example, in the target area or areas with similar site conditions, experimental forests with different densities can be established for long-term monitoring over a period of 3-5 years; alternatively, a spatial-instead-of-temporal approach can be used, simultaneously monitoring mature forests with different stand density gradients at the same time point. Monitoring indicators include, but are not limited to, sap flow (for inverting water consumption), diameter at breast height (DBH), and tree height (for calculating biomass using allometric growth equations). The maximum values ​​of these parameters can be extracted through data analysis of low-density (approximately non-competitive) plots.

[0033] Step S30: Based on the physiological and ecological parameters, establish the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation for the target tree species; wherein, the total water consumption-density equation includes a water consumption competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on water consumption per tree, and the total biomass-density equation includes a biomass competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on biomass per tree.

[0034] It should be noted that in ecology, as forest density increases, competition among individual trees for light, water, and nutrients intensifies, leading to a decrease in the growth and water consumption of individual trees. This phenomenon is known as the density-limiting effect. This invention quantifies this ecological principle using mathematical equations.

[0035] Specifically, the total water consumption-density equation is constructed as follows: In the formula, Indicates afforestation density as The total water consumption of tree species in a given area (also known as the total water consumption of a forest stand) is usually expressed in liters (L). This represents the water consumption per plant after being affected by competition. The afforestation density for the target area is usually expressed in trees per hectare (trees / hm). 2 ); This is the water consumption competition coefficient (unit: hectares / plant, ha / plant), used to reflect the inhibitory effect of increased density on the water consumption of a single plant. It is a value greater than 0; the larger the value, the greater the density. The more the number of plants increases, the faster the rate of decrease in water consumption per plant, meaning the stronger the inhibitory effect of competition on water consumption. Under moderate site conditions, The value range is usually between 0.0005 and 0.003.

[0036] Accordingly, the total biomass-density equation is constructed as follows: In the formula, Indicates afforestation density as The total biomass of tree species in a region at a given time (also known as total stand biomass) is usually expressed in kg C. The biomass of a single plant after being affected by competition; This is the biomass competition coefficient (unit: hectares / plant, ha / plant), used to reflect the inhibitory effect of increased density on the biomass of a single plant. It is also used to quantify the degree to which increased density inhibits the accumulation of biomass per plant. Under moderate site conditions, The value range is usually between 0.001 and 0.005.

[0037] Through the above equations, the embodiments of the present invention not only consider the positive effect of increased density leading to an increase in the number of trees, but also consider the negative effect of increased density leading to the decline of individual trees, thereby enabling a scientific assessment of the overall carbon status of the forest stand.

[0038] Step S40: Based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, a water use efficiency function is constructed, and the optimal stand density is calculated according to the water use efficiency function. The water use efficiency function is used to characterize the correlation between vegetation water use efficiency and afforestation density.

[0039] Specifically, in order to solve the technical challenge of fixing the most carbon with the least amount of water, this invention introduces water use efficiency (WUE) as a core evaluation indicator.

[0040] The water use efficiency function is defined as the ratio of total biomass to total water consumption at the same density. This can be obtained by simultaneously solving the two equations in step S30: In the formula, Let be the vegetation water use efficiency, which is dimensionless. As can be seen from the above function, water use efficiency is not a fixed value, but rather varies with density. The changing nonlinear relationship.

[0041] If the water consumption competition coefficient Greater than the biomass competition coefficient (Right now ),but With density Increase and increase, It depends on the amount of ecologically available water resources in the region.

[0042] In arid and semi-arid regions, there is usually a water consumption competition coefficient. Less than the biomass competition coefficient (Right now This means that as density increases, the rate of decrease in biomass per plant is faster than the rate of decrease in water consumption per plant. Therefore, The function has a maximum point (i.e., the critical density threshold).

[0043] By examining the function with respect to density By taking the derivative and setting it to zero, we can calculate the optimal stand density that maximizes the water use efficiency of the forest population. In the formula, For the optimal stand density, the corresponding The maximum density represents the optimal balance between individual competition and collective benefits, allowing for the sequestration of the maximum amount of carbon with the least amount of water. When the density is less than... At times, increasing density can improve the water use efficiency of the population; when the density is higher than... At this time, excessive competition leads to a significant decrease in individual plant biomass. Although total water consumption also decreases, water use efficiency actually declines. Therefore, It is the theoretically optimal reference value for afforestation density.

[0044] Step S50: Based on the water resource basic data, calculate the ecologically available water resources in the target area, and verify the optimal forest stand density according to the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area.

[0045] Specifically, the optimal stand density obtained from the above steps While achieving optimal efficiency in terms of physiological and ecological mechanisms, this approach did not consider the macro-level constraints of regional water resources. In arid regions, vegetation construction must strictly adhere to water resource limits. Therefore, this step introduces ecologically available water resources for rigid constraint verification.

[0046] First, calculate the ecologically available water resources (denoted as...). This indicator represents the maximum amount of water available for vegetation growth within a region after deducting essential water use for human production and daily life, as well as the basic ecological base flow of rivers. Its calculation formula can be expressed as: in, This refers to the total amount of usable surface water and groundwater resources formed by local precipitation within the region, expressed in m³. 3 It is usually officially released by the local water resources bulletin; This refers to the daily water consumption of urban and rural residents within the region, measured in cubic meters (m³). 3 The per capita water consumption quota method was used for estimation. Water consumption for the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries within the region, in cubic meters (m³). 3 This data was obtained through statistical surveys and extrapolation methods. The minimum flow rate that must be maintained in the river channel to maintain the basic ecological function of the river within the region is usually expressed as a percentage of the multi-year average flow rate, typically ranging from 10% to 20%.

[0047] Subsequently, density verification is performed. Using the total water consumption-density equation from step S30, the theoretically optimal stand density is calculated. The water requirement of the forest stand (also known as the total water consumption of the forest stand, denoted as ) ).if This indicates that the remaining water resources in the region are sufficient to support vegetation growth at this optimal density, at which point the optimal stand density can be directly determined. The vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area was determined.

[0048] if This indicates that while the theoretically optimal afforestation density is highly efficient, the total water consumption exceeds the region's water supply capacity. Forcing afforestation at this density will lead to groundwater depletion or ecological degradation. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of maximum rigidity of water resource constraints and reduce the afforestation density, thereby reducing the... The density value at that time, or gradually reduce the density until the calculated water consumption is less than or equal to the density value at that time. The density that satisfies water resource constraints at this time is defined as the vegetation carrying capacity density.

[0049] Through the above-described embodiments, the present invention organically combines microscopic plant physiological and ecological mechanisms (i.e., competition coefficient and water use efficiency) with macroscopic rigid constraints on water resources (i.e., ecologically available water volume). This combination avoids the ecological water debt and stand degradation problems caused by blindly pursuing high density in traditional afforestation, while also avoiding the waste of land and light resources caused by excessively low density. It maximizes carbon sequestration function under the premise of sustainable water resources, providing a scientific and quantitative decision-making basis for vegetation restoration in arid and semi-arid regions.

[0050] The method provided in this invention obtains the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species and introduces the competition coefficients of water consumption and biomass to construct total water consumption-density equations and total biomass-density equations that can accurately quantify the inhibitory effect of increased stand density on individual tree growth accumulation and water consumption. This profoundly reveals the nonlinear response mechanism between stand density and carbon and water flux. Based on this, this invention further constructs a water use efficiency function to solve for the theoretically optimal stand density and combines it with the actual ecologically available water resources in the region to rigidly constrain and verify the theoretical value. This dual determination mechanism of theoretical optimization combined with rigid verification ensures that the finally determined vegetation carrying capacity density can achieve the optimal water use efficiency of the vegetation community by fixing the most carbon with the least amount of water, and can also be strictly limited within the carrying capacity threshold of the region's natural water resources. Thus, under the premise of effectively preventing ecological risks such as the overdraft of groundwater resources, the carbon sequestration benefits of vegetation are maximized.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, step S30 specifically includes: Step S31: Using the maximum water consumption per tree in the physiological and ecological parameters as a benchmark value, construct a first attenuation relationship based on the water consumption competition coefficient, and use the product of the afforestation density and the first attenuation relationship as the total water consumption-density equation. Step S32: Using the maximum biomass per plant in the physiological and ecological parameters as a benchmark value, construct a second decay relationship based on the biomass competition coefficient, and use the product of the afforestation density and the second decay relationship as the total biomass-density equation; The first attenuation relationship is used to characterize the nonlinear decreasing trend of water consumption per tree as the afforestation density increases. The degree of attenuation of the first attenuation relationship is positively correlated with the product of the water consumption competition coefficient and the afforestation density. The second attenuation relationship is used to characterize the nonlinear decreasing trend of biomass per tree as the afforestation density increases. The degree of attenuation of the second attenuation relationship is positively correlated with the product of the biomass competition coefficient and the afforestation density.

[0052] It should be noted that in arid and semi-arid vegetation ecosystems, as afforestation density increases, limited soil moisture and nutrient resources lead to fierce competition among individual trees, resulting in a decline in the physiological functions of individual trees. To accurately quantify this density-dependent process, this embodiment of the invention employs a nonlinear decay model based on the competition coefficient.

[0053] Specifically, firstly, the maximum water consumption per plant obtained in step S20 ( This is used as the baseline value under non-competitive conditions. Subsequently, a water consumption competition coefficient ( To construct the first decay relationship.

[0054] Here, the first attenuation relationship is essentially a mathematical correction term used to simulate the trend of water consumption per plant gradually decreasing with increasing density. Its specific mathematical expression is usually in the form of a reciprocal function, i.e. In this relationship, as the afforestation density increases... The increase, or the water consumption competition coefficient As the value of increases, the denominator increases, which leads to a decrease in the value of the correction term, thus representing a nonlinear downward trend.

[0055] Based on this, the afforestation density benchmark value Multiplying this by the first attenuation relationship mentioned above, we can obtain the total water consumption-density equation: In this equation, the degree of decay of the first decay relationship (i.e., the decrease in water consumption per plant) is significantly related to the water consumption competition coefficient. and afforestation density The product of these factors shows a positive correlation, which aligns with the objective ecological principle that higher density leads to stronger competition and less resource acquisition per plant.

[0056] Similarly, the maximum biomass per plant obtained in step S20 ( ) is used as the baseline value. The biomass competition coefficient () is introduced. To construct the second decay relationship, its mathematical expression is as follows: .

[0057] Here, the second attenuation relationship is used to characterize the inhibitory effect on individual tree biomass with increasing afforestation density. Since trees in arid regions tend to prioritize survival (water consumption) over growth (biomass accumulation) under water shortage stress, the biomass competition coefficient... The value is usually greater than the water consumption competition coefficient. .

[0058] afforestation density benchmark value Multiplying this by the second attenuation relationship mentioned above, we can obtain the total biomass-density equation: Similarly, the degree of decay in the second decay relationship is related to the biomass competition coefficient. and afforestation density The product of them is positively correlated.

[0059] This invention, by introducing a first and second attenuation relationship centered on the competition coefficient, abandons the simple linear assumptions of traditional methods and uses a nonlinear equation in reciprocal form to accurately characterize the inhibitory effect of stand density on individual tree physiological indicators (i.e., the density-constrained mechanism). This mathematical modeling approach can accurately reflect the ecological reality that competition is weak at low densities and increases sharply at high densities, providing a high-precision mathematical foundation for subsequent searches for the carbon-water balance point.

[0060] Based on any of the above embodiments, step S40 specifically includes: Step S41: Using the total water consumption-density equation as the denominator and the total biomass-density equation as the numerator, the water use efficiency function is constructed. Step S42: Take the derivative of the water use efficiency function with respect to afforestation density, and determine the extreme point where the derivative is zero; Step S43: The afforestation density corresponding to the extreme point is determined as the optimal stand density, wherein the optimal stand density is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the water consumption competition coefficient and the biomass competition coefficient.

[0061] It should be noted that, after establishing accurate water consumption and biomass equations, the core of this invention lies in finding an optimal balance point that can both leverage the advantages of community carbon sequestration and avoid excessive waste of water resources through mathematical tools.

[0062] Specifically, water use efficiency is defined as the biomass produced per unit of water consumption. Based on the water consumption and biomass equations established in the above embodiments, this embodiment of the invention uses the total water consumption-density equation. As the denominator, the total biomass-density equation As molecules, the water use efficiency function can be constructed: As can be seen from the form of this function, the water use efficiency of vegetation is no longer a constant, but rather varies with density. A function of change. Because the biomass competition coefficient is typically... Greater than the water consumption competition coefficient (Right now The function (indicating that biomass decreases faster with increasing density than water consumption) exhibits a single-peak curve characteristic of first rising and then falling, thus there must exist an extreme point.

[0063] In order to find the density that maximizes water use efficiency, embodiments of the present invention modify the aforementioned water use efficiency function. Regarding afforestation density Take the derivative and set it to zero: By solving the equation mathematically (the specific calculations involve differentiation using the quotient rule, and the intermediate algebraic steps are omitted here), the extreme point where the derivative is zero can be obtained. The afforestation density corresponding to this extreme point is determined as the optimal stand density (denoted as ). The final analytical solution formula is: The formula clearly shows the optimal stand density. Competition coefficient with water consumption and biomass competition coefficient The square root of the product ( They are inversely proportional.

[0064] This inverse relationship implies a competition coefficient and The larger the density, the more sensitive the tree species is to density under local site conditions, and the more intense the competition. Therefore, a lower stand density needs to be maintained (i.e., A smaller competition coefficient is needed to ensure higher water use efficiency; conversely, a smaller competition coefficient indicates that the region has relatively abundant resources or the tree species are highly tolerant, and the afforestation density can be appropriately increased.

[0065] This invention successfully derived the theoretical calculation formula for optimal stand density by constructing a derivative solution model of the water use efficiency function. This transforms the complex ecological trade-off problem into a simple mathematical solution problem. It not only theoretically reveals the intrinsic mechanism of fixing the most carbon with the least amount of water, but also provides an objective indicator that can be quantified and calculated based solely on physiological and ecological parameters without relying on empirical judgment. This provides a direct calculation path for determining the theoretical optimal value of vegetation carrying capacity.

[0066] Based on any of the above embodiments, before step S20, the method further includes: The measured values ​​of water consumption and biomass per tree of the target tree species under different density gradients were obtained; wherein the measured values ​​of water consumption and biomass per tree were obtained based on monitoring of density gradient experimental forests set up in the target area or areas with similar site conditions, or based on monitoring of mature forests with different stand density gradients selected at the same time point. Using the measured values ​​of water consumption per plant and biomass per plant, the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation are fitted respectively to obtain the water consumption competition coefficient and the biomass competition coefficient.

[0067] It should be noted that in practical applications, the water consumption competition coefficient and the biomass competition coefficient are not universal constants, but variables that are highly dependent on specific tree species and local site conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to perform inversion fitting based on measured data.

[0068] Specifically, before formally establishing the equations, it is necessary to conduct field measurements of basic data. This invention provides two methods for obtaining measured values ​​of water consumption and biomass per plant, to adapt to different project cycles and conditions.

[0069] For areas where no existing data is available, if the project timeline allows (e.g., 3-5 years), experimental forests can be specifically established in the target area or in areas with similar soil, climate, and other site conditions. Experimental forests should have multiple density gradients, such as plots with at least four gradient levels: 500 trees / hectare, 1000 trees / hectare, 1500 trees / hectare, and 2000 trees / hectare.

[0070] During the monitoring period, sample trees in each density gradient plot are monitored over a long period. For example, trunk sap flow is continuously monitored to obtain the measured value of water consumption per tree; diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height are investigated periodically (e.g., at the end of each growing season), and the measured value of biomass per tree is calculated by combining the local applicable allometric growth equation.

[0071] If resources or time are limited, a space-for-time approach can be adopted. At the same time point, mature forests with essentially the same site conditions but different historical afforestation survival rates, resulting in varying natural stand density gradients, can be identified. Similarly, these existing stands of different densities can be monitored simultaneously to obtain corresponding measured data on water consumption and biomass per tree. This method can significantly shorten the data acquisition cycle. It should be understood that for areas with available data, this monitoring process can be omitted.

[0072] Regarding the water consumption competition coefficient After obtaining sufficient measured data on density-water consumption per plant and density-biomass per plant, nonlinear regression analysis can be performed using statistical software. Different densities... Substitute the corresponding measured values ​​of water consumption per plant into the water consumption model per plant. (or based on the total water consumption equation). The observed maximum value at low density is used as... The initial values ​​are used to fit the optimal parameters using optimization algorithms such as the least squares method. value.

[0073] Regarding the biomass competition coefficient Similarly, different densities Substitute the corresponding measured values ​​of single-plant biomass into the single-plant biomass model. In the process, the optimal parameters are obtained through fitting. value.

[0074] This invention clarifies key parameters through two complementary methods: long-term monitoring of experimental forests and spatial substitution of time in mature forests. and The physical source of the data ensures its authenticity and regional adaptability. Furthermore, by employing nonlinear fitting techniques, discrete field monitoring data are transformed into intrinsic parameters of a mathematical model. This ensures that the final determined carrying capacity density is not based on theoretical assumptions but strictly on the actual local land-atmosphere-vegetation interaction, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the calculation results.

[0075] Based on any of the above embodiments, step S50, which involves calculating the ecologically available water resources of the target area based on the water resource baseline data, includes: Step S51: Extract the total regional water resources, domestic water consumption, production water consumption, and river ecological base flow from the water resources basic data. Step S52: Subtract the domestic water consumption, the production water consumption, and the river ecological base flow from the total regional water resources to obtain the ecologically available water resources.

[0076] Specifically, the data in this embodiment of the invention mainly comes from local water resources bulletins or relevant statistical yearbooks. It is necessary to accurately extract the following four key indicators from the acquired macroeconomic data: total regional water resources, domestic water consumption, industrial water consumption, and river ecological base flow.

[0077] Here, the total regional water resources ( This refers to the total surface water and groundwater resources within the target area formed by local precipitation (excluding duplicate calculations). Domestic water consumption ( This refers to the total daily water consumption of urban and rural residents within the region. For future planning scenarios, it can be estimated by multiplying the projected population size by the per capita water consumption quota.

[0078] Production water consumption ( This includes the total water consumption of the primary industry (agricultural irrigation), the secondary industry (industrial production), and the tertiary industry (service industry).

[0079] River ecological base flow ( This is the minimum flow rate that must be maintained in a river channel to maintain its basic shape, prevent it from drying up, and protect aquatic life. It is usually taken as 10% to 20% of the average flow rate over many years, but the specific percentage needs to be determined based on the local ecological sensitivity of the river.

[0080] Based on the above data, the ecologically available water resources can be calculated by subtraction using the water balance principle. ): The logic behind this formula is that water resource allocation has a priority order. First, human survival (domestic water use) must be guaranteed; second, economic development (production water use) must be guaranteed; and third, the river's own baseline (ecological base flow) must be maintained. Only the remaining water volume after deducting these three parts is the ecologically usable water resource that can be used for afforestation or maintaining existing vegetation.

[0081] The calculation process of ecologically available water resources in this invention ensures that the calculated vegetation carrying capacity is a safe threshold without overdrawing groundwater or encroaching on human water use, thus providing institutional and digital guarantees for water security in arid areas.

[0082] Based on any of the above embodiments, step S50, which involves verifying the optimal forest stand density based on the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area, includes: Step S53: Based on the total water consumption-density equation, calculate the total water consumption of the target stand under the optimal stand density; Step S54: Compare the total water consumption of the target forest stand with the ecologically available water resources. If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources, then the optimal forest stand density is determined as the vegetation carrying capacity density. Step S55: If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is greater than the ecologically available water resources, the afforestation density is reduced until the adjusted total water consumption of the target forest stand is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources, and the adjusted afforestation density is determined as the vegetation carrying capacity density.

[0083] It should be noted that the calculated optimal stand density ( The theoretical optimum is derived from the carbon-water coupling mechanism and represents the state with the highest water use efficiency. However, in arid and semi-arid regions, the absolute amount of water resources is often finite. Therefore, a rigid water resource constraint mechanism must be introduced to verify the theoretical optimum.

[0084] Specifically, first, the established total water consumption-density equation is invoked. The optimal stand density calculated in the aforementioned steps is then used. Substituting into the equation, the total water consumption required for the growth of the target stand at this density is calculated (denoted as ). This value represents the total amount of water that a forest stand needs to consume each year to maintain maximum water use efficiency.

[0085] The above calculations With ecologically available water resources Compare the results. If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources (i.e., This indicates that the remaining water resources in the region are sufficient to support the growth of the forest stand at its highest efficiency. In this case, no adjustment is needed; the optimal stand density can be directly applied. The final vegetation carrying capacity density for the target area is determined. At this point, afforestation is both efficient and safe.

[0086] If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is greater than the ecologically available water resources (i.e.) ), indicating that although Theoretically, it's the most efficient, but in reality, there isn't enough water. If forced to... Afforestation inevitably encroaches on domestic and industrial water use or depletes groundwater, leading to ecological degradation. In this situation, it is essential to adhere to the principle of maximum rigid constraint on water resources and implement a dimensional reduction adjustment. Specifically, this involves lowering the afforestation density and using the total water consumption-density equation to work backwards until an adjusted density is found. This ensures that the water consumption at this density is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources. Typically, this can be achieved by directly setting... Solve the equation to obtain the maximum allowable density that satisfies water resource constraints. Then, determine the adjusted afforestation density as the final vegetation carrying capacity density.

[0087] The embodiments of the present invention, through the mechanism of supply and demand comparison and rigid verification, ensure that the final determined carrying capacity density is not only physiologically efficient, that is, as close as possible to the optimal density, but also hydrologically safe, absolutely not exceeding the upper limit of water resource carrying capacity, thus fundamentally avoiding the ecological risks that afforestation in arid areas may bring.

[0088] Based on any of the above embodiments, after step S50, the method further includes: If the target area is a newly afforested area, an afforestation planning scheme is generated based on the vegetation carrying capacity density; If the target area is an established forest stand area, the current forest stand density of the target area is obtained, the current forest stand density is compared with the vegetation carrying capacity density, and a tending and thinning instruction or a replanting instruction is generated based on the comparison result.

[0089] Specifically, the embodiments of this invention aim to transform the calculated carrying capacity density into specific forest stand establishment and management measures. Depending on the current status of the target area, the application of this method is divided into two scenarios: new afforestation and regulation of existing forest stands.

[0090] For newly established afforestation scenarios, i.e., when the target area is wasteland or an area where new afforestation activities are planned, the afforestation plan should be generated directly based on the calculated vegetation carrying capacity density. For example, if the calculated carrying capacity density is 1100 trees / hectare, the plan can design a spacing of 3 meters × 3 meters (approximately 1111 trees / hectare). The plan should also include supporting measures such as land preparation methods and seedling specifications to ensure that the actual afforestation density is strictly controlled within the carrying capacity range.

[0091] For scenarios involving the control of established forest stand density, specifically when the target area already contains plantations (i.e., established forest stands), this method primarily guides the precise improvement of forest quality. Specifically, firstly, the current stand density of the target area is obtained through plot survey technology. Then, the current stand density is compared with the calculated vegetation carrying capacity density. If the current stand density is greater than the vegetation carrying capacity density, it indicates that the existing stands are too dense, with intense competition among individual trees and water consumption exceeding the area's water resource carrying capacity, posing a risk of decline. In this case, the system generates thinning instructions and calculates the number of trees to be thinned, guiding operators to remove poorly growing or suppressed trees. If the current stand density is less than the vegetation carrying capacity density, it indicates that the area still has surplus water resources, and land productivity is not being fully utilized. In this case, while ensuring no damage to the existing vegetation structure, replanting instructions can be generated to appropriately increase the number of trees, thereby enhancing the overall carbon sequestration capacity of the area.

[0092] This invention provides a scientific design blueprint for new afforestation projects by concretizing abstract density indicators into executable forestry engineering instructions. Through this closed-loop management, refined management of regional vegetation construction can be achieved, maximizing the carbon sequestration and absorption capacity of forest ecosystems while ensuring ecological security.

[0093] The following describes the regional vegetation carrying capacity determination system based on carbon-water balance provided by the present invention. The regional vegetation carrying capacity determination system based on carbon-water balance described below can be referred to in correspondence with the regional vegetation carrying capacity determination method based on carbon-water balance described above.

[0094] Based on any of the above embodiments Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the regional vegetation carrying capacity determination system based on carbon-water balance provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the system includes: The data acquisition unit 210 is used to acquire basic water resource data of the target area and determine the target tree species for afforestation in the target area; The parameter acquisition unit 220 is used to acquire the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, wherein the physiological and ecological parameters include at least the maximum water consumption per tree and the maximum biomass per tree. Equation establishment unit 230 is used to establish the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation for the target tree species based on the physiological and ecological parameters; wherein, the total water consumption-density equation includes a water consumption competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on water consumption per tree, and the total biomass-density equation includes a biomass competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on biomass per tree. The density determination unit 240 is used to construct a water use efficiency function based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, and to calculate the optimal stand density according to the water use efficiency function. The water use efficiency function is used to characterize the correlation between vegetation water use efficiency and afforestation density. The density verification unit 250 is used to calculate the ecologically available water resources in the target area based on the water resources basic data, and to verify the optimal forest stand density based on the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area.

[0095] The system provided in this invention acquires the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species and introduces the competition coefficients of water consumption and biomass. It constructs total water consumption-density equations and total biomass-density equations that accurately quantify the inhibitory effect of increased stand density on individual tree growth accumulation and water consumption. This profoundly reveals the nonlinear response mechanism between stand density and carbon-water flux. Furthermore, this invention constructs a water use efficiency function to solve for the theoretically optimal stand density. The theoretical value is then rigidly verified by combining it with the actual ecologically available water resources in the region. This dual determination mechanism of theoretical optimization combined with rigid verification ensures that the final determined vegetation carrying capacity density achieves the optimal water use efficiency state—fixing the most carbon with the least amount of water—while also being strictly limited within the carrying capacity threshold of the region's natural water resources. This maximizes the benefits of vegetation carbon sequestration while effectively preventing ecological risks such as groundwater depletion.

[0096] Based on any of the above embodiments, the equation-establishing unit is specifically used for: Using the maximum water consumption per tree in the physiological and ecological parameters as a benchmark, a first attenuation relationship based on the water consumption competition coefficient is constructed, and the product of the afforestation density and the first attenuation relationship is used as the total water consumption-density equation. Using the maximum biomass per plant in the physiological and ecological parameters as a benchmark, a second decay relationship based on the biomass competition coefficient is constructed, and the product of the afforestation density and the second decay relationship is used as the total biomass-density equation. The first attenuation relationship is used to characterize the nonlinear decreasing trend of water consumption per tree as the afforestation density increases. The degree of attenuation of the first attenuation relationship is positively correlated with the product of the water consumption competition coefficient and the afforestation density. The second attenuation relationship is used to characterize the nonlinear decreasing trend of biomass per tree as the afforestation density increases. The degree of attenuation of the second attenuation relationship is positively correlated with the product of the biomass competition coefficient and the afforestation density.

[0097] Based on any of the above embodiments, the density determination unit is specifically used for: The water use efficiency function is constructed by using the total water consumption-density equation as the denominator and the total biomass-density equation as the numerator. The water use efficiency function is differentiated with respect to afforestation density, and the extreme points where the derivative is zero are determined. The afforestation density corresponding to the extreme point is determined as the optimal stand density, wherein the optimal stand density is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the water consumption competition coefficient and the biomass competition coefficient.

[0098] Based on any of the above embodiments, the system further includes a monitoring and testing unit, which is used for: The measured values ​​of water consumption and biomass per tree of the target tree species under different density gradients were obtained; wherein the measured values ​​of water consumption and biomass per tree were obtained based on monitoring of density gradient experimental forests set up in the target area or areas with similar site conditions, or based on monitoring of mature forests with different stand density gradients selected at the same time point. Using the measured values ​​of water consumption per plant and biomass per plant, the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation are fitted respectively to obtain the water consumption competition coefficient and the biomass competition coefficient.

[0099] Based on any of the above embodiments, the density verification unit is specifically used for: Extract the total regional water resources, domestic water consumption, production water consumption, and river ecological base flow from the aforementioned basic water resources data. The ecologically available water resources are obtained by subtracting the domestic water consumption, the production water consumption, and the river ecological base flow from the total regional water resources.

[0100] Based on any of the above embodiments, the density verification unit is specifically used for: Based on the total water consumption-density equation, calculate the total water consumption of the target stand under the optimal stand density; The total water consumption of the target forest stand is compared with the ecologically available water resources. If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources, then the optimal forest stand density is determined as the vegetation carrying capacity density. If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is greater than the ecologically available water resources, the afforestation density is reduced until the adjusted total water consumption of the target forest stand is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources, and the adjusted afforestation density is determined as the vegetation carrying capacity density.

[0101] Based on any of the above embodiments, the system further includes a planning and control unit, which is used for: If the target area is a newly afforested area, an afforestation planning scheme is generated based on the vegetation carrying capacity density; If the target area is an established forest stand area, the current forest stand density of the target area is obtained, the current forest stand density is compared with the vegetation carrying capacity density, and a tending and thinning instruction or a replanting instruction is generated based on the comparison result.

[0102] Figure 3 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 3As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 310, a communication interface 320, a memory 330, and a communication bus 340, wherein the processor 310, the communication interface 320, and the memory 330 communicate with each other through the communication bus 340. The processor 310 can call logical instructions in the memory 330 to execute a method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance. This method includes: acquiring basic water resource data of a target area and determining the target tree species for afforestation in the target area; acquiring physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, wherein the physiological and ecological parameters include at least the maximum water consumption per tree and the maximum biomass per tree; and establishing a total water consumption-density equation and a total biomass-density equation for the target tree species based on the physiological and ecological parameters; wherein the total water consumption-density equation includes a water consumption competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on water consumption per tree. The total biomass-density equation includes a biomass competition coefficient to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on individual plant biomass. Based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, a water use efficiency function is constructed, and the optimal stand density is calculated according to the water use efficiency function, which characterizes the correlation between vegetation water use efficiency and afforestation density. Based on the basic water resource data, the ecologically available water resources of the target area are calculated, and the optimal stand density is verified according to the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area.

[0103] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 330 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to related technologies, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0104] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance provided by the above methods. This method includes: acquiring basic water resource data of a target area and determining the target tree species for afforestation in the target area; acquiring physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, wherein the physiological and ecological parameters include at least the maximum water consumption per tree and the maximum biomass per tree; and establishing a total water consumption-density equation and a total biomass-density equation for the target tree species based on the physiological and ecological parameters; wherein the total water consumption-density equation is... The density equation includes a water consumption competition coefficient to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on individual plant water consumption, and the total biomass-density equation includes a biomass competition coefficient to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on individual plant biomass. Based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, a water use efficiency function is constructed, and the optimal stand density is calculated according to the water use efficiency function, which characterizes the correlation between vegetation water use efficiency and afforestation density. Based on the basic water resource data, the ecologically available water resources of the target area are calculated, and the optimal stand density is verified according to the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area.

[0105] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon-water balance provided by the methods described above. This method includes: acquiring basic water resource data for a target area and determining the target tree species for afforestation in the target area; acquiring physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, the physiological and ecological parameters including at least the maximum water consumption per tree and the maximum biomass per tree; and establishing a total water consumption-density equation and a total biomass-density equation for the target tree species based on the physiological and ecological parameters; wherein the total water consumption-density equation includes parameters for characterizing the effect of density increase on density. The water consumption competition coefficient of the inhibition intensity of water consumption per plant is used. The total biomass-density equation includes a biomass competition coefficient to characterize the inhibition intensity of biomass per plant by density increase. Based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, a water use efficiency function is constructed, and the optimal stand density is calculated according to the water use efficiency function, which characterizes the correlation between vegetation water use efficiency and afforestation density. Based on the basic water resource data, the ecologically available water resources of the target area are calculated, and the optimal stand density is checked according to the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area.

[0106] The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0107] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the parts that contribute to the related technology, can be embodied in the form of software products. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0108] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon water balance, characterized in that, include: Obtain basic water resource data for the target area and determine the target tree species for afforestation in the target area; Obtain the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, wherein the physiological and ecological parameters include at least the maximum water consumption per tree and the maximum biomass per tree; Based on the aforementioned physiological and ecological parameters, a total water consumption-density equation and a total biomass-density equation are established for the target tree species; wherein, the total water consumption-density equation includes a water consumption competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on water consumption per tree, and the total biomass-density equation includes a biomass competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on biomass per tree. Based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, a water use efficiency function is constructed, and the optimal stand density is calculated according to the water use efficiency function. The water use efficiency function is used to characterize the correlation between vegetation water use efficiency and afforestation density. Based on the aforementioned basic water resource data, the ecologically available water resources of the target area are calculated, and the optimal forest stand density is verified based on the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area.

2. The carbon water balance-based regional vegetation carrying capacity determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of establishing the total water consumption-density equation and total biomass-density equation for the target tree species based on the aforementioned physiological and ecological parameters includes: Using the maximum water consumption per tree in the physiological and ecological parameters as a benchmark, a first attenuation relationship based on the water consumption competition coefficient is constructed, and the product of the afforestation density and the first attenuation relationship is used as the total water consumption-density equation. Using the maximum biomass per plant in the physiological and ecological parameters as a benchmark, a second decay relationship based on the biomass competition coefficient is constructed, and the product of the afforestation density and the second decay relationship is used as the total biomass-density equation. The first attenuation relationship is used to characterize the nonlinear decreasing trend of water consumption per tree as the afforestation density increases. The degree of attenuation of the first attenuation relationship is positively correlated with the product of the water consumption competition coefficient and the afforestation density. The second attenuation relationship is used to characterize the nonlinear decreasing trend of biomass per tree as the afforestation density increases. The degree of attenuation of the second attenuation relationship is positively correlated with the product of the biomass competition coefficient and the afforestation density. 3.The method for determining the regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon water balance according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of constructing a water use efficiency function based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, and calculating the optimal stand density based on the water use efficiency function, includes: The water use efficiency function is constructed by using the total water consumption-density equation as the denominator and the total biomass-density equation as the numerator. The water use efficiency function is differentiated with respect to afforestation density, and the extreme points where the derivative is zero are determined. The afforestation density corresponding to the extreme point is determined as the optimal stand density, wherein the optimal stand density is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the water consumption competition coefficient and the biomass competition coefficient.

4. The carbon water balance-based regional vegetation carrying capacity determination method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before the step of obtaining the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, the method further includes: The measured values ​​of water consumption and biomass per tree of the target tree species under different density gradients were obtained; wherein the measured values ​​of water consumption and biomass per tree were obtained based on monitoring of density gradient experimental forests set up in the target area or areas with similar site conditions, or based on monitoring of mature forests with different stand density gradients selected at the same time point. Using the measured values ​​of water consumption per plant and biomass per plant, the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation are fitted respectively to obtain the water consumption competition coefficient and the biomass competition coefficient. 5.The method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon water balance according to claim 1, wherein, The calculation of the ecologically available water resources in the target area based on the aforementioned basic water resource data includes: Extract the total regional water resources, domestic water consumption, production water consumption, and river ecological base flow from the aforementioned basic water resources data. The ecologically available water resources are obtained by subtracting the domestic water consumption, the production water consumption, and the river ecological base flow from the total regional water resources. 6.The method for determining the vegetation carrying capacity of a region based on carbon balance according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The step of verifying the optimal forest stand density based on the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area includes: Based on the total water consumption-density equation, calculate the total water consumption of the target stand under the optimal stand density; The total water consumption of the target forest stand is compared with the ecologically available water resources. If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources, then the optimal forest stand density is determined as the vegetation carrying capacity density. If the total water consumption of the target forest stand is greater than the ecologically available water resources, the afforestation density is reduced until the adjusted total water consumption of the target forest stand is less than or equal to the ecologically available water resources, and the adjusted afforestation density is determined as the vegetation carrying capacity density.

7. The carbon water balance based regional vegetation carrying capacity determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, After determining the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area, the method further includes: If the target area is a newly afforested area, an afforestation planning scheme is generated based on the vegetation carrying capacity density; If the target area is an established forest stand area, the current forest stand density of the target area is obtained, the current forest stand density is compared with the vegetation carrying capacity density, and a tending and thinning instruction or a replanting instruction is generated based on the comparison result.

8. A carbon balance-based regional vegetation carrying capacity determination system, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire basic water resource data of the target area and determine the target tree species for afforestation in the target area; The parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire the physiological and ecological parameters of the target tree species, wherein the physiological and ecological parameters include at least the maximum water consumption per tree and the maximum biomass per tree. The equation-establishing unit is used to establish the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation for the target tree species based on the physiological and ecological parameters; wherein, the total water consumption-density equation includes a water consumption competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on water consumption per tree, and the total biomass-density equation includes a biomass competition coefficient used to characterize the inhibitory effect of increased density on biomass per tree. The density determination unit is used to construct a water use efficiency function based on the total water consumption-density equation and the total biomass-density equation, and to calculate the optimal stand density according to the water use efficiency function. The water use efficiency function is used to characterize the correlation between vegetation water use efficiency and afforestation density. The density verification unit is used to calculate the ecologically available water resources in the target area based on the water resources basic data, and to verify the optimal forest stand density based on the ecologically available water resources to determine the vegetation carrying capacity density of the target area.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon balance as described in any one of claims 1 to 7. 10.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for determining regional vegetation carrying capacity based on carbon balance as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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