Method for bioremediation of saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The application discloses a method for bioremediation of improved saline-alkali soil, comprising the following steps: step one, obtaining a bacteria-enzyme compound preparation; step two, obtaining pretreated seedling nutrient soil; step three, cultivating to obtain salt-tolerant plant seedlings; and step four, completing the treatment and improvement of the saline-alkali soil. The method is based on the traditional mode, and utilizes microbial preparations, enzyme preparations and substrates to strengthen seedling transplanting, so that the treatment effect is improved, the seedling rate and survival rate are improved, and the saline-alkali soil is quickly and effectively treated and improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microbial and soil improvement technology, specifically a method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing emphasis on food security, land resources have become increasingly precious, necessitating effective, low-cost, and easy-to-operate methods for land management and improvement to create larger areas of arable land. While traditional methods have some effect, they are slow, labor-intensive, and cannot yield results in the short term. Therefore, finding a simple, effective, and rapid method for land management and improvement has become an urgent need. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Add the microbial preparation, enzyme preparation and functional oligosaccharide to the microbial activation tank, mix and stir with clean warm water until completely dissolved, activate the activity of the microbial strain, and obtain the microbial enzyme compound preparation.

[0006] Step 2: Thoroughly mix the bacterial enzyme compound preparation obtained in Step 1 with the substrate raw materials to obtain pretreated seedling nutrient soil;

[0007] Step 3: Pack the seedling nutrient soil obtained in Step 2 into a biodegradable film packaging bag for heat preservation and moisture retention seedling cultivation to obtain salt-tolerant plant seedlings;

[0008] Step 4: Transplant the salt-tolerant plant seedlings cultivated in Step 3 to the saline-alkali land to be treated, and maintain them using conventional field management methods to complete the treatment and improvement of the saline-alkali land.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific operation of step one is as follows: place clean warm water, microbial preparation, enzyme preparation, and functional oligosaccharide into a microbial activation tank and stir continuously until all components are completely dissolved, so that the microbial strains in the microbial preparation are in an activated state.

[0010] Furthermore, the microbial preparation in step one includes the following components and contents: Bacillus subtilis preparation 2×10 6 ~9×10 6 cfu / g, photosynthetic bacteria preparation 1×10 5 ~9×10 5 cfu / g, Enterococcus faecalis preparation 5×10 7 ~9×10 7cfu / g, Bacillus licheniformis preparation 5×10 6 ~9×10 6 cfu / g, Bacillus megater preparation 2×10 9 ~9×10 9 cfu / g, Aspergillus oryzae preparation 2×10 5 ~9×10 5 cfu / g, Aspergillus niger preparation 2×10 5 ~9×10 5 cfu / g.

[0011] Furthermore, the enzyme preparation in step one includes the following components and enzyme activities: acidic protease preparation 2000-5000 U / g, ligninase preparation 200-500 U / g, and cellulase preparation 200-1000 U / g.

[0012] Furthermore, the matrix raw material in step two is a commercially available qualified nutrient matrix, and the mixing mass ratio of the bacterial enzyme compound preparation to the matrix raw material is 5:100.

[0013] Furthermore, the biodegradable film packaging bag in step three is a biodegradable non-woven fabric packaging bag or a biodegradable woven bag, and the size of the packaging bag can be adjusted according to the specifications of the salt-tolerant plant seedlings.

[0014] Furthermore, the salt-tolerant plant seedlings in step four are plants of the genus *Pennisetum* in the Poaceae family or common salt-tolerant plant seedlings of multiple genera. After transplanting, they are managed using conventional watering, fertilization, and weeding methods.

[0015] Furthermore, in step two, the equipment for mixing the bacterial enzyme compound preparation and the matrix raw material is a conventional stainless steel mixer, which is used to mix the materials until they are free of lumps and stratification.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] This invention addresses the shortcomings of previous treatment and improvement methods by utilizing microbial agents, enzymes, and substrates to enhance seedling cultivation and transplanting, thereby improving treatment effects, increasing seedling vigor and survival rates, and achieving rapid and effective treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land.

[0018] (1) Low investment: The invention requires less initial investment and only requires simple steps.

[0019] (2) Simple operation: This invention only requires mixing each preparation with the substrate in proportion, bagging and transplanting seedlings. Ordinary people without professional knowledge can also operate it easily.

[0020] (3) The synergistic effect of enzymes and bacteria can reduce the salt concentration in the soil near plant roots, allowing plant seedlings to gradually consume the salt in the soil as they grow, thus achieving the purpose of reducing salt and improving the soil.

[0021] (4) Good adaptability and easy to promote. The method of the present invention has good adaptability and is not easily affected by temperature, climate and other conditions. In addition, the present invention is simple to operate and easy to promote in a wide area of ​​my country. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] This invention provides a method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Add the microbial preparation, enzyme preparation and functional oligosaccharide to the microbial activation tank, mix and stir with clean warm water until completely dissolved, activate the activity of the microbial strain, and obtain the microbial enzyme compound preparation.

[0025] Step 2: Thoroughly mix the bacterial enzyme compound preparation obtained in Step 1 with the substrate raw materials to obtain pretreated seedling nutrient soil;

[0026] Step 3: Pack the seedling nutrient soil obtained in Step 2 into a biodegradable film packaging bag for heat preservation and moisture retention seedling cultivation to obtain salt-tolerant plant seedlings;

[0027] Step 4: Transplant the salt-tolerant plant seedlings cultivated in Step 3 to the saline-alkali land to be treated, and maintain them using conventional field management methods to complete the treatment and improvement of the saline-alkali land.

[0028] Step 1: Place clean warm water, microbial preparation, enzyme preparation, and functional oligosaccharides into the microbial activation tank and stir continuously until all components are completely dissolved, so that the microbial strains in the microbial preparation are in an activated state.

[0029] The microbial preparation in step one includes the following components and amounts: Bacillus subtilis preparation 2×10 6 ~9×10 6 cfu / g, photosynthetic bacteria preparation 1×10 5 ~9×10 5 cfu / g, Enterococcus faecalis preparation 5×10 7 ~9×10 7 cfu / g, Bacillus licheniformis preparation 5×10 6 ~9×10 6 cfu / g, Bacillus megater preparation 2×10 9 ~9×10 9cfu / g, Aspergillus oryzae preparation 2×10 5 ~9×10 5 cfu / g, Aspergillus niger preparation 2×10 5 ~9×10 5 cfu / g.

[0030] The enzyme preparation in step one includes the following components and enzyme activities: acidic protease preparation 2000-5000 U / g, ligninase preparation 200-500 U / g, and cellulase preparation 200-1000 U / g.

[0031] The matrix raw material in step two is a commercially available qualified nutrient matrix, and the mixing mass ratio of the bacterial enzyme compound preparation to the matrix raw material is 5:100.

[0032] The biodegradable film packaging bag in step three is a biodegradable non-woven fabric packaging bag or a biodegradable woven bag. The size of the packaging bag can be adjusted according to the specifications of the salt-tolerant plant seedlings.

[0033] The salt-tolerant plant seedlings in step four are plants of the genus *Pennisetum* in the Poaceae family or common salt-tolerant plant seedlings of multiple genera. After transplanting, they should be managed using conventional watering, fertilization, and weeding methods.

[0034] In step two, the equipment used to mix the bacterial enzyme compound preparation and the matrix raw materials is a conventional stainless steel mixer, which is used to mix the materials until they are free of lumps and stratification.

[0035] The present invention relates to the following features / sources of equipment and certain materials:

[0036] Mixing machine: Standard mixer, made of stainless steel.

[0037] Biodegradable film packaging bags: These are non-woven or woven fabric packaging bags.

[0038] Bacillus subtilis preparation: This is a Bacillus subtilis preparation purchased from Gaotang Huanong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The preparation is a solid powder, grayish-brown in appearance, with a bacterial count ≥2×10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / g.

[0039] Photosynthetic bacteria preparation: This is a type of *Rhodopseudomonas palustris*, purchased from Wuhan Keyang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The preparation is an aqueous solution, reddish-brown in appearance, with a bacterial count ≥5×10⁻⁶. 9 cfu / ml.

[0040] Enterococcus faecalis preparation: This is a type of lactobacillus, purchased from Gaotang Huanong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The preparation is an aqueous solution, light red in appearance, with a bacterial count ≥1×10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / ml.

[0041] Bacillus licheniformis preparation: Bacillus licheniformis was purchased from Gaotang Huanong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The preparation is a solid powder, grayish-brown in appearance, with a bacterial count ≥2×10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / g.

[0042] Aspergillus oryzae preparation: This is a type of Aspergillus oryzae purchased from Wuhan Xiangping Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The preparation is a solid powder, grayish-brown in appearance, with a bacterial count ≥2×10⁻⁶. 9 cfu / g.

[0043] Aspergillus niger preparation: This is a type of Aspergillus niger purchased from Gaotang Huanong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The preparation is a solid powder, grayish-brown in appearance, with a bacterial count ≥2×10⁻⁶. 9 cfu / g.

[0044] Bacillus megaterium preparation: This is a Bacillus species purchased from Hubei Qiming Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a bacterial count ≥3×10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / g

[0045] Acidic protease preparation: purchased from Wuhan Xinhua Yang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The preparation is a powder, grayish-white, with an enzyme activity of 100,000 U / g.

[0046] Cellulase: Purchased from Wuhan Xinhua Yang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The preparation is a powder, grayish-white, with an enzyme activity of 150,000 U / g.

[0047] Ligninase: Purchased from Wuhan Xinhua Yang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The preparation is a powder, grayish-white, with an enzyme activity of 100,000 U / g.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] A method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land, the specific implementation steps of which are as follows:

[0050] Step 1: Preparation of the microbial-enzyme compound preparation: Using clean warm water as the activation solvent, a microbial preparation consisting of Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Aspergillus oryzae, and Aspergillus niger, along with an enzyme preparation consisting of acidic protease, ligninase, and cellulase, and functional oligosaccharides, are added to the microbial activation tank. The content of each component in the microbial preparation is as follows: Bacillus subtilis preparation 5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 cfu / g, photosynthetic bacteria preparation 5×10 5 cfu / g, Enterococcus faecalis preparation 7×10 7 cfu / g, Bacillus licheniformis preparation 7×10 6 cfu / g, Bacillus megater preparation 5×10 9 cfu / g, Aspergillus oryzae preparation 5×10 5 cfu / g, Aspergillus niger preparation 5×105 CFU / g; The content of each component of the enzyme preparation is as follows: acidic protease preparation 3500U / g, lignin enzyme preparation 350U / g, cellulase preparation 600U / g; Turn on the stirring equipment of the inoculum activation tank and stir continuously until all components are completely dissolved to ensure that the microbial inoculum is fully activated and maintains the strongest biological activity, so as to obtain a uniform microbial enzyme compound preparation.

[0051] Step 2, Preparation of seedling nutrient soil: Select commercially available qualified nutrient substrate as the substrate raw material. Add the bacterial enzyme compound preparation prepared in Step 1 and the substrate raw material to a conventional stainless steel mixer at a mass ratio of 5:100. Start the mixer to stir thoroughly, so that the bacterial enzyme compound preparation and the substrate raw material are evenly mixed without clumping or stratification, and the pretreated seedling nutrient soil is obtained.

[0052] Step 3: Salt-tolerant plant seedling cultivation: Select commercially available biodegradable non-woven fabric packaging bags as seedling containers. Adjust the packaging bag specifications according to the growth requirements of the *Pennisetum* genus seedlings. Evenly fill the biodegradable non-woven fabric packaging bags with the seedling nutrient soil prepared in Step 2. Sow the seeds of *Pennisetum* genus seedlings in the packaging bags containing the seedling nutrient soil. Control the ambient temperature and humidity throughout the seedling cultivation period, maintain warm and moist seedling cultivation conditions, and regularly observe the seed germination and seedling growth status to cultivate robust salt-tolerant plant seedlings with well-developed root systems, thick stems, and no diseases or pests.

[0053] Step 4: Transplanting and Improving: Select the saline-alkali land to be treated and improved, and perform simple land leveling in advance, without the need for complex deep plowing. Transplant the robust salt-tolerant plant seedlings cultivated in Step 3, along with the seedling nutrient soil and biodegradable packaging bags, into the saline-alkali land, controlling the plant spacing and row spacing to meet the plant growth needs. After transplanting, water, fertilize, and weed according to conventional agricultural production methods, without the need for additional chemical amendments or special maintenance measures. Relying on the synergistic effect of bacteria and enzymes and the growth of salt-tolerant plants to consume soil salt, the desalination and improvement of saline-alkali land and the enhancement of soil fertility are gradually completed.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] A method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land, the specific implementation steps of which are as follows:

[0056] Step 1: Preparation of the bacterial-enzyme compound preparation: The microbial preparation and enzyme preparation are directly added to a conventional mixer without adding additional warm water for activation. The mixer is then turned on and thoroughly mixed to obtain the bacterial-enzyme compound preparation. The content of each component of the microbial preparation is as follows: Bacillus subtilis preparation 2×10⁻⁶. 6 cfu / g, photosynthetic bacteria preparation 1×10 5 cfu / g, Enterococcus faecalis preparation 5×10 7 cfu / g, Bacillus licheniformis preparation 5×106 cfu / g, Bacillus megater preparation 2×10 9 cfu / g, Aspergillus oryzae preparation 2×10 5 cfu / g, Aspergillus niger preparation 2×10 5 cfu / g; the content of each component of the enzyme preparation is as follows: acidic protease preparation 2000U / g, ligninase preparation 200U / g, cellulase preparation 200U / g.

[0057] Step 2, Preparation of seedling nutrient soil: Select a variety of commercially available qualified nutrient substrates as substrate raw materials. Add the bacterial enzyme compound preparation obtained in Step 1 and the substrate raw materials to a mixer at a mass ratio of 5:100 and stir thoroughly until uniform to obtain seedling nutrient soil, ensuring that the bacterial enzyme mixture is evenly distributed in the substrate raw materials.

[0058] Step 3: Salt-tolerant plant seedling cultivation: Use commercially available biodegradable woven bags as seedling packaging bags, fill the bags with seedling nutrient soil, and sow seeds of common salt-tolerant plants of various genera. During the seedling cultivation process, maintain stable heat and moisture conditions to avoid drastic environmental changes affecting seedling growth, and cultivate salt-tolerant plant seedlings that meet the transplanting standards.

[0059] Step 4: Transplanting and Improving the Saline-Alkali Land: Transplant the cultivated salt-tolerant plant seedlings to the saline-alkali land to be treated. Use conventional field watering, fertilization, and weeding management methods. Rely on the synergistic effect of microorganisms, enzyme preparations and salt-tolerant plants to reduce the pH value and total salt content of the saline-alkali soil, improve the soil structure, and achieve biological treatment and improvement of the saline-alkali land.

[0060] Experimental example:

[0061] To verify the practical effect of the biological treatment and improvement method for saline-alkali land of the present invention, a field application experiment was conducted from December 17, 2024 to September 22, 2025 on a saline-alkali land plot in Xiaoyangkou Tourist Resort, Rudong County, Jiangsu Province. The total experimental area was 15 mu. The treatment and improvement methods of Example 1 and Example 2 were used respectively. An untreated saline-alkali land was set as a blank control. The changes in soil pH and total salt content before and after treatment and improvement were detected. The experimental results are shown in the table below.

[0062] Table 1. Comparison of soil composition before and after saline-alkali land treatment and improvement

[0063] Testing items Blank control (before improvement) Example 1 (Improved) Example 2 (Improved) Soil pH 9.76 7.32 6.87 Total soil salt content (%) 1.42 0.77 0.71

[0064] As can be seen from the experimental comparison data in Table 1, after treatment and improvement using the method of the present invention, the soil pH and total salinity both returned to the normal range.

[0065] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Add the microbial preparation, enzyme preparation and functional oligosaccharide to the microbial activation tank, mix and stir with clean warm water until completely dissolved, activate the activity of the microbial strain, and obtain the microbial enzyme compound preparation. Step 2: Thoroughly mix the bacterial enzyme compound preparation obtained in Step 1 with the substrate raw materials to obtain pretreated seedling nutrient soil; Step 3: Pack the seedling nutrient soil obtained in Step 2 into a biodegradable film packaging bag for heat preservation and moisture retention seedling cultivation to obtain salt-tolerant plant seedlings; Step 4: Transplant the salt-tolerant plant seedlings cultivated in Step 3 to the saline-alkali land to be treated, and maintain them using conventional field management methods to complete the treatment and improvement of the saline-alkali land.

2. The method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation of step one is as follows: place clean warm water, microbial preparation, enzyme preparation, and functional oligosaccharide into a microbial activation tank and stir continuously until all components are completely dissolved, so that the microbial strains in the microbial preparation are in an activated state.

3. The method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial preparation in step one includes the following components and contents: Bacillus subtilis preparation 2×10 6 ~9×10 6 cfu / g, photosynthetic bacteria preparation 1×10 5 ~9×10 5 cfu / g, Enterococcus faecalis preparation 5×10 7 ~9×10 7 cfu / g, Bacillus licheniformis preparation 5×10 6 ~9×10 6 cfu / g, Bacillus megater preparation 2×10 9 ~9×10 9 cfu / g, Aspergillus oryzae preparation 2×10 5 ~9×10 5 cfu / g, Aspergillus niger preparation 2×10 5 ~9×10 5 cfu / g.

4. The method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enzyme preparation in step one includes the following components and enzyme activities: acidic protease preparation 2000-5000 U / g, ligninase preparation 200-500 U / g, and cellulase preparation 200-1000 U / g.

5. The method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix raw material in step two is a commercially available qualified nutrient matrix, and the mixing mass ratio of the bacterial enzyme compound preparation to the matrix raw material is 5:

100.

6. The method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biodegradable film packaging bag in step three is a biodegradable non-woven fabric packaging bag or a biodegradable woven bag, and the size of the packaging bag can be adjusted according to the specifications of the salt-tolerant plant seedlings.

7. The method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salt-tolerant plant seedlings in step four are plants of the genus *Pennisetum* in the Poaceae family or common salt-tolerant plant seedlings of multiple genera. After transplanting, they are managed using conventional watering, fertilization, and weeding methods.

8. The method for biological treatment and improvement of saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the equipment used to mix the bacterial enzyme compound preparation and the matrix raw material is a conventional stainless steel mixer, which is used to mix the materials until they are free of lumps and stratification.