Reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles and their use in coating compositions, coatings

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles and its application in coating composition, coating. By introducing reactive hydrophobic silane modified compound coated silica nanoparticles into epoxy resin, the coating has excellent hydrophobic ability and very low ice adhesion strength. The reactive group on the surface of silica nanoparticles is beneficial to improve the binding force of epoxy resin and nanoparticles in the coating, so that the superhydrophobic coating has a super-high hydrophobic angle, and water droplets are difficult to stay on the surface for a long time and freeze into ice. Even if some water droplets form ice at very low temperature, the ice adhesion strength of the ice is only 2.42 kPa, and it is very easy to fall off under the action of a small shear force. The superhydrophobic coating is suitable for application in the anti-icing of equipment and facility component surface, by improving the water contact angle of water droplets on the surface of the object to reduce the contact area with the surface and improve the ice self-detaching property after icing, thereby solving the problem of equipment and facility operation failure or efficiency reduction caused by icing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nano-anti-icing technology, specifically relating to a reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticle and its application in coating compositions and coatings. Background Technology

[0002] In aerospace, wind power, and civil infrastructure sectors, icing on the surface and inside facilities can cause damage and economic losses to equipment operation and daily life. For example, when an air conditioner is operating in heating mode during winter, some condensate in the outdoor unit's evaporator cannot flow down the aluminum fins in time. The condensate accumulates on the fins and gradually freezes. As the air conditioner runs longer, the icing becomes more severe, affecting its heating efficiency, causing compressor malfunctions, and ultimately shortening the air conditioner's lifespan.

[0003] Currently, when equipment and facilities freeze, the main methods used are physical heating or mechanical removal. However, traditional de-icing methods are difficult to implement in some specialized applications. For example, if manual mechanical de-icing is used for the aluminum fins inside an air conditioner's outdoor unit, the thin aluminum fins are easily deformed under stress. Deformed fins can affect the air conditioner's performance and exacerbate the icing problem. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop more durable and efficient anti-icing strategies to avoid the damage caused by icing to air conditioning equipment. The technical solution of constructing a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating on the substrate surface to reduce the retention and adhesion of water / ice to the substrate surface has the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, and ease of implementation, making it a relatively ideal and valuable anti-icing strategy.

[0004] Prior art CN116675890A discloses a repairable anti-icing superhydrophobic coating, which mixes carbon nanotubes with AB silicone and applies the coating at 65-75°C. o The process of drying and curing C followed by laser processing to obtain a nanoscale superhydrophobic surface is difficult to apply to the surface of large mechanical equipment. Existing technology CN11490548A discloses a method for etching the substrate surface to obtain micron-scale structures; however, the SiO2 in the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating prepared by this method is only physically added to the coating surface, resulting in poor bonding with the resin and easy damage to the superhydrophobic microstructure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve all and some of the above-mentioned technical problems, the main objective of this invention is to provide a coating composition and coating with superhydrophobic properties. After the coating composition and coating are applied to the surface of a substrate, they can meet the anti-icing requirements of some equipment and facilities during long-term use and overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] This invention provides the following technical solution: One objective of this invention is to provide a reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticle, the reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticle comprising silica nanoparticles and a first silane-modified compound and a second silane-modified compound bonded to the silica nanoparticles, the first silane-modified compound having a first end group selected from long-chain alkyl and / or fluoroalkyl chains; the second silane-modified compound having a second end group capable of reacting with the epoxy resin.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first end group is selected from heptadecafluorodecyl, tridecylfluorooctyl, hexadecyl, or octadecyl; and / or, the second end group is selected from γ-aminopropyl or 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, the first silane-modifying compound includes one or more of heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, or octadecyltrimethoxysilane; the second silane-modifying compound includes γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and / or 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the first silane-modifying compound comprises heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and the second silane-modifying compound comprises γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0010] In some embodiments, the total mass ratio of the first silane-modified compound and the second silane-modified compound to the mass ratio of the silica nanoparticles is 1:2 to 10.

[0011] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the first silane-modified compound to the second silane-modified compound is 1:0.1~0.5.

[0012] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the aforementioned reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, comprising: Hydrophilic silica nanoparticles are dispersed in a first solvent to obtain a silica dispersion, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrophilic silica nanoparticles to the first solvent is 1:20~50; The first silane-modified compound and the second silane-modified compound are added to the silica dispersion to obtain a mixed reaction system; Ammonia water is added to the mixed reaction system to adjust the pH value to 8-10, and the mixed reaction system is kept at 40-60°C. o C reacts to bind the first silane-modified compound and the second silane-modified compound to the hydrophilic silica nanoparticles, thereby obtaining the reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles.

[0013] In some embodiments, the total mass ratio of the first silane-modified compound and the second silane-modified compound to the hydrophilic silica nanoparticles in the mixed reaction system is 1:2~10, preferably 1:5~10.

[0014] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the hydrophilic silica nanoparticles to the first solvent is preferably 1:20~40.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, the reaction temperature is 50-60°C. o C.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first solvent includes at least one of ethanol, butyl acetate, or xylene.

[0017] A third objective of this invention is to provide the application of the aforementioned reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles in the preparation of anti-icing superhydrophobic coating compositions.

[0018] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide an anti-icing superhydrophobic coating composition, wherein the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating composition comprises component A and component B, component A comprising 10-20 wt% epoxy resin, 5-18 wt% of the aforementioned reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, 60-85 wt% of a second solvent and 0-2 wt% of a dispersing agent, and component B being a polyamine; wherein the weight ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.05-0.2.

[0019] In some embodiments, the epoxy resin includes one or a combination of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, aliphatic glycidyl ether epoxy resin, or glycidyl ester type epoxy resin, preferably including bisphenol A type epoxy resin.

[0020] In some embodiments, the polyamine includes one or more of m-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, diaminodiphenylamine, or polyamide, preferably including m-phenylenediamine.

[0021] In some embodiments, the coating composition further includes a second solvent, which includes one or more of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate or xylene, preferably including ethanol and / or xylene.

[0022] In some embodiments, the dispersing agent includes one or more combinations of dispersant 180, BYK300, or BYK066, preferably including dispersant 180.

[0023] The fifth objective of this invention is to provide an anti-icing superhydrophobic coating, wherein the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating comprises the cured product of the aforementioned anti-icing superhydrophobic coating composition.

[0024] The method for preparing the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating can be as follows: spraying the coating composition onto the surface of a substrate and curing it at 10-40℃ to obtain an epoxy resin-based superhydrophobic coating. The substrate can be an aluminum sheet, composite material, plastic, steel, or an anti-corrosion coating.

[0025] The superhydrophobic anti-icing coating of this invention is formed by curing epoxy resin, polyamine, and reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles at a certain temperature. This invention combines the highly adhesive epoxy resin with reactive hydrophobic nanoparticles, and prepares a superhydrophobic coating adhered to a substrate, such as an aluminum sheet, through a spray-curing method. This coating has a high water contact angle (>150°). o This superhydrophobic coating can reduce the retention and adhesion of water / ice on the substrate surface, and can serve as an effective solution to improve the anti-icing performance of aluminum fins.

[0026] In some embodiments, the hydrophobic angle of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating is above 152.8°, and the hydrophobic angle retention rate is above 98% after 1500 cycles of wear with a 1kg grinding wheel; the de-icing adhesion strength of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating is below 2.42 kPa.

[0027] The sixth objective of this invention is to provide the application of the aforementioned anti-icing superhydrophobic coating on the surface of aluminum sheets, composite materials, plastics, steel, or anti-corrosion coatings.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention uses silica nanoparticles with reactive and hydrophobic groups to formulate a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating composition based on an epoxy resin system. The cured coating not only has excellent superhydrophobicity but also low ice adhesion strength, which can significantly reduce the retention and adhesion of water or ice on the substrate surface. It also has good wear resistance, and the coating surface can still maintain more than 98% of its hydrophobic properties after wear. (2) The coating composition provided by the present invention and the coating formed by curing have strong adhesion to aluminum substrates. For example, it is suitable for the anti-icing requirements of aluminum fins of air conditioner outdoor units and has extremely high practical application value. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1These are comparison charts showing the water contact angle test results of the coating surfaces in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of this invention; Figure 2 These are photographs taken during the water contact angle test of the coating sample of Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 3 These are graphs showing the changes in water contact angle of the coatings in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present invention after being worn by a 1 kg grinding wheel for different numbers of times; Figure 4 The ice adhesion strength of the coating surface in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of this invention is -20 o Comparison chart of test results (C, 40% RH); Figure 5 The ice adhesion strength (-20) of the coating surface after 1500 abrasion cycles with ice in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present invention is shown. o Test results (C, 40% RH); Figure 6 This is a synthesis route diagram of reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles in the coating composition provided by the present invention, and a schematic diagram of the organic-inorganic hybrid structure formed by the reaction of silica nanoparticles, epoxy resin, and polyamines in the cured coating. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention. The specific functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting, but are merely intended to form the basis of the claims and to teach those skilled in the art to employ the representative basis of the invention in different ways in any suitable detailed embodiment.

[0032] In addition, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the following embodiments can be purchased from the market or other sources, and all production and testing equipment used are known in the art.

[0033] The sources of some of the raw materials used in the following embodiments and comparative examples are as follows: Hydrophilic silica nanoparticles, Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd. Ethanol (AR), Yonghua Chemical Co., Ltd.; Bisphenol A type epoxy resin YD128, Guodu Chemical (Kunshan) Co., Ltd.; Dispersant 180, Jianqiao Chemical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.; Heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; Tridecylfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; Octadecyltrimethoxysilane, Shanghai Aladdin Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), Shandong Qufu Chenguang Chemical Co., Ltd.; m-Phenylenediamine, Zhejiang Longsheng Group; Of course, the aforementioned raw materials can also be replaced with other raw materials listed in this specification.

[0034] The test methods used in the following comparative examples and embodiments are as follows: (1) The water contact angle of the coating was tested and characterized using a video optical contact angle measuring instrument (OCA15EC) from Dataphysics GmbH, Germany; (2) The adhesion strength of ice on the coating surface was tested using a digital push-pull force gauge; (3) The wear resistance of the coating was tested using an abrasion tester (BGD 523, Guangzhou Biogda Precision Instruments Co., Ltd.).

[0035] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a synthesis route diagram of reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles in the coating composition provided by the present invention, and a schematic diagram of the organic-inorganic hybrid structure formed by the reaction of silica nanoparticles, epoxy resin, and polyamines in the cured coating.

[0036] Using a first end base (i.e. Figure 6 The first silane-modified compound (with the R1 group in the compound) and the compound with the second end group (i.e., Figure 6 The first end group of the modified silica nanoparticles is selected from long-chain alkyl and / or fluoroalkane through-chain compounds (R2 group in the compound), which enables the modified silica to have good hydrophobic properties; the second end group can react with epoxy resin to enhance the bonding ability between silica nanoparticles and epoxy resin, and can improve the wear resistance of the coating.

[0037] Example 1 This embodiment provides an anti-icing superhydrophobic coating composition and the coating formed by curing.

[0038] 1. Preparation of reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, specifically including the following steps: 10 g of hydrophilic silica nanoparticles were added to 400 g of ethanol solvent, heated and stirred to disperse them uniformly, resulting in an ethanol solution of silica nanoparticles with a mass fraction of 2.5 wt%. While maintaining stirring, ammonia was added to the ethanol solution of silica nanoparticles to adjust the pH to between 8 and 10. After mixing thoroughly, 1 g of heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane and 0.3 g of KH550 were added, and the mixture was heated to 50 °C.o Stirring was maintained at C for 12 h to modify silica nanoparticles, obtaining reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles. After the reaction was completed, solid-liquid separation was performed to obtain reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, which were then washed once with ethanol solution and dried in an oven for later use.

[0039] 2. The preparation method of the coating composition is as follows: Component A of the coating was prepared by mixing 10 parts by weight of the above-prepared reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, 20 parts by weight of epoxy YD128, 2 parts by weight of dispersant 180 and 68 parts by weight of ethanol at room temperature, and dispersing at a high speed of 1500 r / min for 30 min. After dispersion, the mixture was then ground at a high speed by a ball mill for 30 min to obtain component A.

[0040] Component B for preparing the coating: 100 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine.

[0041] Under room temperature conditions, the components A and B prepared above are uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 1:0.05 to form a coating composition.

[0042] 3. The above-mentioned coating composition is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum sheet to form an anti-icing superhydrophobic coating with a thickness of 30 μm. The water contact angle, ice adhesion strength and wear resistance of the obtained anti-icing superhydrophobic coating are tested.

[0043] Example 2 This embodiment provides an anti-icing superhydrophobic coating composition and the coating formed by curing.

[0044] Component A of the coating was prepared by mixing 14 parts by weight of reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (the same reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles as in Example 1), 20 parts by weight of epoxy YD128, 2 parts by weight of dispersant 180 and 64 parts by weight of ethanol at room temperature, and dispersing at 1500 r / min for 30 min. After dispersion, the mixture was then ground at high speed in a ball mill for 30 min to obtain component A.

[0045] Component B for preparing the coating: 100 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine.

[0046] Under room temperature conditions, the components A and B prepared above are uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 1:0.1 to form a coating composition.

[0047] An anti-icing superhydrophobic coating was formed using the same method as in Example 1, and the obtained anti-icing superhydrophobic coating was tested for water contact angle, ice adhesion strength, and wear resistance.

[0048] Example 3 This embodiment provides an anti-icing superhydrophobic coating composition and the coating formed by curing.

[0049] Component A of the coating was prepared by mixing 18 parts by weight of reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (the same reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles as in Example 1), 20 parts by weight of epoxy YD128, 2 parts by weight of dispersant 180 and 60 parts by weight of ethanol at room temperature, and dispersing at 1500 r / min for 30 min. After dispersion, the mixture was then ground at high speed in a ball mill for 30 min to obtain component A.

[0050] Component B for preparing the coating: 100 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine.

[0051] Under room temperature conditions, the components A and B prepared above are uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 1:0.2 to form a coating composition.

[0052] An anti-icing superhydrophobic coating was formed using the same method as in Example 1, and the obtained anti-icing superhydrophobic coating was tested for water contact angle, ice adhesion strength, and wear resistance.

[0053] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 provides an anti-icing and hydrophobic coating composition and the coating formed by curing thereon.

[0054] 1. Preparation of reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, specifically including the following steps: 10 g of hydrophilic silica nanoparticles were added to 400 g of ethanol solvent, heated and stirred to disperse them uniformly, resulting in an ethanol solution of silica nanoparticles with a mass fraction of 2.5 wt%. While maintaining stirring, ammonia was added to the ethanol solution of silica nanoparticles to adjust the pH to 8-10. After mixing thoroughly, 1 g of tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane and 0.3 g of KH550 were added, and stirring was maintained for 12 h to modify the silica nanoparticles, obtaining reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles. After the reaction was complete, the reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles were obtained by solid-liquid separation, washed once with ethanol solution, and dried in an oven for later use.

[0055] 2. The preparation method of the coating composition is as follows: Component A of the coating was prepared by mixing 10 parts by weight of the above-prepared reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, 20 parts by weight of epoxy YD128, 2 parts by weight of dispersant 180 and 68 parts by weight of ethanol at room temperature, and dispersing at a high speed of 1500 r / min for 30 min. After dispersion, the mixture was then ground at a high speed by a ball mill for 30 min to obtain component A.

[0056] Component B for preparing the coating: 100 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine.

[0057] Under room temperature conditions, the components A and B prepared above are uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 1:0.04 to form a coating composition.

[0058] 3. The above-mentioned coating composition is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum sheet to form an anti-icing superhydrophobic coating with a thickness of 30 μm. The water contact angle, ice adhesion strength and wear resistance of the obtained anti-icing superhydrophobic coating are tested.

[0059] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 provides an anti-icing hydrophobic coating composition and the coating formed by curing thereon.

[0060] 1. Preparation of reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, specifically including the following steps: 10 g of hydrophilic silica nanoparticles were added to 400 g of ethanol solvent, heated and stirred to disperse them uniformly, resulting in an ethanol solution of silica nanoparticles with a mass fraction of 2.5 wt%. While maintaining stirring, ammonia was added to the ethanol solution of silica nanoparticles to adjust the pH to 8-10. After mixing thoroughly, 1 g of octadecyltrimethoxysilane and 0.3 g of KH550 were added, and stirring was maintained for 12 h to modify the silica nanoparticles, obtaining reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles. After the reaction was complete, the reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles were obtained by solid-liquid separation, washed once with ethanol solution, and dried in an oven for later use.

[0061] 2. The preparation method of the coating composition is as follows: Component A of the coating was prepared by mixing 10 parts by weight of the above-prepared reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, 20 parts by weight of epoxy YD128, 2 parts by weight of dispersant 180 and 68 parts by weight of ethanol at room temperature, and dispersing at a high speed of 1500 r / min for 30 min. After dispersion, the mixture was then ground at a high speed by a ball mill for 30 min to obtain component A.

[0062] Component B for preparing the coating: 100 parts by weight of m-phenylenediamine.

[0063] Under room temperature conditions, the components A and B prepared above are uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 1:0.25 to form a coating composition.

[0064] 3. The above-mentioned coating composition is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum sheet to form an anti-icing superhydrophobic coating with a thickness of 30 μm. The water contact angle, ice adhesion strength and wear resistance of the obtained anti-icing superhydrophobic coating are tested.

[0065] Figure 1 The results show the test results of the water contact angle on the surface of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating in the examples and comparative examples. Figure 1 It can be seen that, compared with the coatings of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the water contact angle of the superhydrophobic coating incorporating the reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles in Example 1 is significantly increased. Furthermore, as the content of the reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles in the coating composition of Example 1 increases, the water contact angle of the coating also increases accordingly.

[0066] Figure 2 This is a photograph taken during the water contact angle test of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating of Example 3. The water droplet on the syringe makes complete contact with the coating surface as it moves downward, and completely separates from the coating surface as it moves upward, indicating that the coating surface of Example 3 has excellent superhydrophobic properties.

[0067] Figure 3 The image shows the water contact angle test results of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating after different wear cycles on a 1 kg grinding wheel, as an example and comparative example. Figure 3 It can be seen that with the increase of wear cycles, the water contact angle of the coatings in the examples and comparative examples decreased to varying degrees. Among them, the water contact angle of the coatings in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 decreased more significantly, decreasing by 5 degrees respectively. o and 8 o The coatings in Examples 1-3 still maintained a strength greater than 140 after 1500 wear cycles. o The water contact angle was highest in sample 3, remaining at 149°. o .

[0068] Figure 4 The results show the test results of ice adhesion strength on the surface of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating in the examples and comparative examples. From... Figure 4 It can be seen that, compared with the coatings of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the coating surface with reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles introduced in Example 1 is more hydrophobic and has a lower surface energy, resulting in a decrease in ice adhesion strength. The ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating of Example 3 can be reduced to 2.42 kPa, which is about 75% less than that of Comparative Example 1.

[0069] Figure 5 The results of the ice adhesion strength test on the coating surface of the examples and comparative examples after 1500 cycles of ice abrasion are shown. (Comparison) Figure 4 , Figure 5 It can be seen that, compared with the ice adhesion strength results before wear, the ice adhesion strength of the coating surfaces in the examples and comparative examples all increased to varying degrees. However, the coatings in Examples 1-3 still exhibited lower ice adhesion strength, reaching as low as 4.18 kPa.

[0070] In addition, the inventors of this case also conducted experiments with other raw materials, process operations, and process conditions described in this specification, referring to the aforementioned embodiments, and obtained relatively ideal results in all cases.

[0071] In summary, this invention employs a strategy that combines epoxy resin with excellent adhesion with reactive hydrophobic nanoparticles to prepare a superhydrophobic coating on the substrate surface through spray curing. This coating has a high water contact angle (>150°) and can reduce the retention and adhesion of water / ice on the substrate surface. This superhydrophobic coating can serve as an effective solution to improve the anti-icing performance of object surfaces and aluminum fins.

[0072] All aspects, embodiments, features, and examples of this invention are to be regarded as illustrative in all respects and are not intended to limit the invention, the scope of which is defined only by the claims. Other embodiments, modifications, and uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

[0073] Although the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various other changes, omissions, and / or additions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that elements of the embodiments can be substituted with substantially equivalents. Furthermore, many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention to adapt particular situations or materials to the teachings of the invention. Therefore, this invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed for carrying out the invention, but rather is intended to encompass all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, unless specifically stated otherwise, any use of the terms first, second, etc., does not indicate any order or importance, but is used to distinguish one element from another.

Claims

1. A reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticle, characterized in that: The reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles include silica nanoparticles and a first silane-modified compound and a second silane-modified compound bonded to the silica nanoparticles. The first silane-modified compound has a first end group selected from long-chain alkyl and / or fluoroalkane chains. The second silane-modified compound includes a second end group capable of reacting with the epoxy resin.

2. The reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first terminal group is selected from heptadecanyl, tridecylfluorooctyl, hexadecyl or octadecyl; and / or, the second terminal group is selected from γ-aminopropyl or 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl; Preferably, the first silane-modifying compound comprises one or a combination of multiple of heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane or octadecyltrimethoxysilane; the second silane-modifying compound comprises γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and / or 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane. More preferably, the first silane-modifying compound comprises heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and the second silane-modifying compound comprises γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

3. The reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total mass ratio of the first silane-modified compound and the second silane-modified compound to the silica nanoparticles is 1:2~10; And / or, the mass ratio of the first silane-modified compound to the second silane-modified compound is 1:0.1~0.

5.

4. The method for preparing reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, include: Hydrophilic silica nanoparticles are dispersed in a first solvent to obtain a silica dispersion, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrophilic silica nanoparticles to the first solvent is 1:20~50; The first silane-modified compound and the second silane-modified compound are added to the silica dispersion to obtain a mixed reaction system; Ammonia water is added to the mixed reaction system to adjust the pH value to 8-10, and the mixed reaction system is kept at 40-60°C. o C reacts to bind the first silane-modified compound and the second silane-modified compound to the hydrophilic silica nanoparticles, thereby obtaining the reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first solvent includes at least one of ethanol, butyl acetate, or xylene.

6. The use of the reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles according to any one of claims 1-3 in the preparation of anti-icing superhydrophobic coating compositions.

7. An anti-icing superhydrophobic coating composition, characterized in that: It includes component A and component B. Component A includes 10-20 wt% epoxy resin, 5-18 wt% reactive hydrophobic silica nanoparticles as described in any one of claims 1-3, 60-85 wt% second solvent and 0-2 wt% dispersant, and component B is a polyamine. The weight ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.05~0.

2.

8. The anti-icing superhydrophobic coating composition according to claim 7, characterized in that: The epoxy resin includes one or more of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, aliphatic glycidyl ether epoxy resin or glycidyl ester type epoxy resin, preferably including bisphenol A type epoxy resin. And / or, the polyamine includes one or more of m-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, or polyamide, preferably including m-phenylenediamine; And / or, the coating composition further includes a second solvent, the second solvent comprising one or more of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate or xylene, preferably comprising ethanol and / or xylene; And / or, the dispersing agent includes one or more combinations of dispersant 180, BYK300 or BYK066, preferably including dispersant 180.

9. An anti-icing superhydrophobic coating, characterized in that: The anti-icing superhydrophobic coating comprises the cured product of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating composition of claim 7 or 8; Preferably, the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating has a hydrophobic angle of 152.8° or higher, and after 1500 cycles of wear with a 1kg grinding wheel, the hydrophobic angle retention rate is 98% or higher; the de-icing adhesion strength of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating is 2.42 kPa or lower.

10. The application of the anti-icing superhydrophobic coating of claim 9 on the surface of aluminum sheets, composite materials, plastics, steel or anti-corrosion coatings.

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