Calculation method of carbon emissions of aluminum processing enterprises based on eu cbam rules

Abstract

The application discloses an aluminum processing enterprise carbon emission calculation method based on EU CBAM rules, comprising the following steps: delimiting CBAM adaptive accounting boundary and dimension; constructing a three-dimensional data collection system of processes, materials and energy; using a multi-scenario adaptive accounting model to calculate core emission data; constructing a CBAM compliance emission integration and correction mechanism; generating a declaration report and an audit traceability file in accordance with the official format of CBAM. The application delimits the whole process accounting boundary, constructs a three-dimensional accounting system, integrates multi-source data, accurately calculates direct, indirect and implicit emissions by using a multi-scenario adaptive model, and generates a compliance declaration report through a dynamic correction mechanism, thereby realizing accurate accounting and compliance declaration of the whole process carbon emission from aluminum ingot procurement to aluminum plate strip foil finished product, improving data collection efficiency, accounting accuracy and traceability, providing double support for enterprise export CBAM compliance and emission reduction decision-making, and helping enterprises to cope with carbon cost pressure after EU CBAM mandatory collection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon emission accounting technology, specifically a method for calculating carbon emissions for aluminum processing enterprises based on the EU CBAM rules. Background Technology

[0002] The EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) has included aluminum products in its key regulatory list, requiring importing companies to accurately calculate carbon emissions related to product production and the upstream supply chain. The accuracy of carbon emission accounting data directly affects companies' export compliance and cost control.

[0003] Although the production process of aluminum processing enterprises starts with aluminum ingots and does not involve the high-emission electrolysis process, the fuel combustion in the smelting and casting process, the electricity and steam consumption of the entire process, and the hidden emissions from the upstream of purchased aluminum ingots are all core contents of CBAM accounting and directly affect the export compliance of enterprises.

[0004] In existing technologies, general-purpose carbon emission calculation methods have significant limitations in their applicability to aluminum processing enterprises:

[0005] (1) The calculation scope is not optimized for the "narrow production boundary" characteristics of aluminum processing, and the calculation scope is disconnected from the actual process, which may lead to omission or redundancy of key data;

[0006] (2) The lack of a special accounting scheme that integrates full-process emission source breakdown and multi-dimensional data makes it difficult to meet the dual requirements of CBAM for data accuracy and traceability;

[0007] (3) No flexible accounting model adapted to aluminum processing technology has been established, and the adaptation to the emission characteristics of different processes is insufficient, making it impossible to balance calculation efficiency and accuracy.

[0008] (4) The imperfect accounting mechanism for the hidden emissions of purchased aluminum ingots and the lack of an integrated solution for connecting supplier data and adapting to official standards can easily lead to the distortion of CBAM declaration data. The distortion of data will significantly increase the compliance costs of enterprises.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop carbon emission calculation methods that are compatible with aluminum processing technology and deeply adapted to CBAM rules. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, this invention provides a carbon emission calculation method for aluminum processing enterprises based on EU CBAM rules. This method enables accurate accounting and compliant declaration of carbon emissions throughout the entire process, from aluminum ingot procurement to finished aluminum sheet, strip, and foil products. It improves data collection efficiency, accounting accuracy, and traceability, providing dual support for enterprises' export CBAM compliance and emission reduction decisions, and helping enterprises cope with the carbon cost pressure after the mandatory imposition of EU CBAM.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0012] The method for calculating carbon emissions for aluminum processing companies based on the EU CBAM rules includes the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: Define the CBAM-adaptive accounting boundary and dimensions. Define the CBAM-adaptive accounting boundary for the entire process of aluminum ingot procurement, casting, heat treatment, rolling, and finished aluminum sheet, strip, and foil products. Construct a three-dimensional accounting system for process-level direct emissions, indirect energy emissions, and upstream hidden emissions. Establish a precise mapping between each dimension and CBAM rules.

[0014] Step S2: Construct a three-dimensional data acquisition system for processes, materials, and energy, and automatically collect basic production data, energy consumption data, and implicit emission data by connecting with multiple systems;

[0015] Step S3: Use a multi-scenario adaptable accounting model to calculate core emission data. For different emission dimensions and process characteristics, select an appropriate accounting model to calculate the direct emissions at the process level, indirect energy emissions, and upstream hidden emissions respectively.

[0016] Step S4: Construct a CBAM-compliant emission integration and correction mechanism. Based on the three-dimensional accounting data, integrate and correct the data according to the requirements of CBAM rules to generate the declaration data.

[0017] Step S5: Generate a declaration report and audit traceability documents that conform to the official CBAM format.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, the three-dimensional accounting system for direct emissions at the process level, indirect energy emissions, and upstream hidden emissions is as follows:

[0019] (1) Process-level direct emissions: covering emissions generated from natural gas combustion in the smelting and casting process;

[0020] (2) Indirect energy emissions: covering indirect emissions from purchased electricity in each process and steam consumption in the smelting and casting process;

[0021] (3) Implicit emissions from upstream: Implicit carbon emissions generated by purchased aluminum ingots during production, processing and transportation are specifically accounted for and included in the statutory accounting scope of CBAM.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, the data sources and collection methods are as follows:

[0023] (1) Basic production data: production load, equipment running time, product output, finished product rate and defect rate of each process are automatically captured by the MES system;

[0024] (2) Energy consumption data: consumption of electricity, natural gas, and steam, supply sources and consumption periods, with electricity categorized as purchased / self-supplied;

[0025] (3) Implicit emission data: Carbon emission reports provided by aluminum ingot suppliers are preferred. If no supplier data is available, the default implicit emission values ​​of aluminum ingots published by CBAM are used directly.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S3, the direct emissions at the process level are calculated:

[0027] Fuel combustion emissions = Activity data × Emission factor × Oxidation factor × 44 / 12, where emission factor = Carbon content per unit calorific value × Average lower heating value;

[0028] Calculation of indirect energy emissions:

[0029] Indirect emissions from electricity = Electricity consumption × Provincial / regional power grid emission factor;

[0030] Calculation of hidden emissions from upstream sources:

[0031] Implicit emissions from upstream = Aluminum ingot usage × Implicit emissions per aluminum ingot, where the implicit emissions per aluminum ingot are either data provided by the supplier or the official default value from CBAM.

[0032] Further, step S4, specifically, is as follows:

[0033] (1) Public emission allocation: The emissions of public facilities of enterprises are allocated according to the production ratio correction coefficient. The correction coefficient = output of a single product / total output of the enterprise in the same period;

[0034] (2) Calculation of total emissions:

[0035] Direct total emissions = Total direct emissions at the process level + (Public direct emissions × correction factor);

[0036] Indirect total emissions = Total indirect energy emissions + (Public indirect emissions × Correction factor).

[0037] Implicit total emissions = Implicit upstream emissions;

[0038] Total CBAM emissions = Direct total emissions + Indirect total emissions + Implicit total emissions;

[0039] (3) Dynamic data correction: Based on actual production factors, establish a dynamic correction model and update emission coefficients and accounting parameters every quarter to ensure that accounting data is synchronized with actual production.

[0040] Furthermore, actual production factors include, but are not limited to, fluctuations in production load and changes in raw material composition.

[0041] Furthermore, in step S5, the specific steps are as follows:

[0042] (1) In accordance with the official CBAM format requirements, output a declaration report that includes separate data for direct emissions, indirect emissions, hidden emissions and total emissions, and clearly state the data source, calculation logic and correction basis;

[0043] (2) Generate audit traceability documents to record data collection paths, parameter adjustment trajectories, supplier information, and monitoring equipment numbers.

[0044] A carbon emission calculation system for aluminum processing enterprises based on the EU CBAM regulations includes:

[0045] Boundary and Dimension Configuration Module: Supports users to customize the full-process accounting boundary of aluminum processing, configure the mapping relationship between the three-dimensional accounting dimension and CBAM rules, and support flexible adjustment of dimension sub-items according to the differences in enterprise processes to adapt to the process characteristics of different aluminum processing enterprises;

[0046] Multi-source data integration module: Connects to multi-source systems, automatically collects core data, and supports default value filling when data is missing and abnormal data warning;

[0047] Multi-model calculation module: Built-in multi-scenario calculation models, including but not limited to combustion method, process emission method and mass balance method. Automatically matches the model according to emission dimension and process characteristics to complete the accurate calculation of direct, indirect and implicit emissions, and supports dynamic updates of emission factors;

[0048] CBAM Data Integration and Correction Module: Automatically completes public emission allocation based on production share correction coefficient, calculates CBAM total emissions, generates declaration reports in accordance with EU official format, and supports export in PDF and Excel formats; built-in dynamic correction algorithm, supports real-time adjustment of accounting parameters according to production changes;

[0049] Audit traceability and compliance verification module: Records the data source, calculation logic and parameter adjustment trajectory of the entire accounting process, and generates traceable audit reports; Built-in compliance verification function compares the emission data at the enterprise level and the product level, and controls the error within ±5%;

[0050] Low-carbon optimization analysis module: Automatically identifies high-emission links in aluminum processing based on accounting data and outputs targeted emission reduction suggestions; supports the formulation of recycling plans for products, semi-finished products and waste products.

[0051] Furthermore, multi-source systems include, but are not limited to, MES, ERP, energy management systems, and environmental monitoring systems, with core data including, but not limited to, processes, materials, energy, and emissions.

[0052] Furthermore, the generated emission reduction recommendations include, but are not limited to, optimizing fuel mix, improving electricity efficiency, and refining production processes.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This method for calculating carbon emissions of aluminum processing enterprises based on the EU CBAM rules has the following advantages:

[0054] 1. Focusing on the "narrow production boundary" characteristic of aluminum processing, the constructed three-dimensional accounting system is precisely matched with CBAM rules, completely solving the problem of the accounting scope of general methods being out of sync with actual processes, and ensuring that the accounting scope is compliant;

[0055] 2. Establish a multi-system data integration mechanism to achieve automatic collection and standardized management of core data, significantly reduce manual operation costs, improve data credibility and collection efficiency, and meet the high data quality requirements of CBAM;

[0056] 3. Adopt a multi-scenario adaptable accounting model to accurately calculate for different processes and emission types, avoiding accounting errors caused by insufficient adaptation of a single model and improving the accuracy of carbon emission calculation;

[0057] 4. Establish a dual adaptation mechanism between supplier data and CBAM official standards to effectively solve the problem of hidden emission accounting for purchased aluminum ingots, avoid data distortion caused by data source issues, and ensure compliance of CBAM declaration data;

[0058] 5. Integrating the dual functions of CBAM compliance reporting and low-carbon production optimization, it not only meets the carbon emission reporting needs of enterprises exporting to the EU, but also provides accurate data support for enterprises' emission reduction decisions, realizing the integration of accounting, reporting and optimization, and improving the efficiency of enterprise carbon management;

[0059] 6. The system has a built-in audit traceability and compliance verification module that records the entire accounting data trajectory and controls the error range, meeting the dual requirements of CBAM supervision for data traceability and accuracy, and significantly reducing the risk of enterprise verification violations. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] The carbon emission calculation method for aluminum processing enterprises based on the EU CBAM rules is based on the core logic of full-process coverage, multi-dimensional accounting, and dynamic adaptation. It completes the carbon emission accounting of aluminum processing enterprises in five steps, fully complying with the requirements of the CBAM rules. The specific steps are as follows:

[0062] Step S1. Define the CBAM-adaptive accounting boundary and dimensions.

[0063] The accounting boundary is clearly defined as the entire process of "aluminum ingot procurement - melting and casting - heat treatment - rolling - finished aluminum sheet, strip and foil". A three-dimensional accounting system is constructed to account for direct emissions at the process level, indirect energy emissions, and hidden emissions from upstream sources, and a precise mapping of each dimension to the CBAM rules is established; specifically:

[0064] Process-level direct emissions: covering emissions from natural gas combustion in the smelting and casting process, which aligns with the core direct emission sources of aluminum processing technology;

[0065] Indirect energy emissions: Covers indirect emissions from purchased electricity in each process and steam consumption in the smelting and casting process, matching the CBAM accounting requirements for indirect emissions;

[0066] Upstream Hidden Emissions: Specifically accounting for the hidden carbon emissions generated by purchased aluminum ingots in the production, processing, and transportation stages, and including them in the statutory accounting scope of CBAM, thus solving the core pain point of carbon emission accounting for upstream raw materials for aluminum processing enterprises;

[0067] Step S2. Construct a three-dimensional data acquisition system for processes, materials, and energy.

[0068] Establish a multi-system data integration mechanism to achieve automatic collection and standardized management of core data throughout the entire process, reducing human error. The data sources and collection methods are as follows:

[0069] Basic production data: production load of each process, equipment running time, product output, finished product rate and defect rate are automatically captured by the MES system to ensure the real-time and accuracy of production data;

[0070] Energy consumption data: consumption of electricity, natural gas, and steam, supply sources, and consumption periods. Electricity is categorized as purchased or self-generated. Data is collected in real time through the energy management system to provide accurate activity data for energy emission accounting.

[0071] Implicit emissions data: Carbon emission reports provided by aluminum ingot suppliers are preferred. If no supplier data is available, the default implicit emissions values ​​for aluminum ingots published by CBAM are used directly to achieve dual compatibility between supplier data and official standards and avoid declaration violations caused by missing data.

[0072] Step S3. Calculate core emission data using a multi-scenario adaptive accounting model.

[0073] For different emission dimensions and aluminum processing characteristics, a dedicated and adapted calculation model is selected to accurately calculate various emissions. The core calculation formula is as follows:

[0074] Calculation of direct emissions at the process level: Fuel combustion emissions = Activity data × Emission coefficient × Oxidation coefficient × 44 / 12, where emission coefficient = Carbon content per unit calorific value × Average lower heating value;

[0075] Calculation of indirect energy emissions: Indirect emissions from electricity = Electricity consumption × Provincial / regional power grid emission factor;

[0076] Upstream Implicit Emissions Calculation: Upstream Implicit Emissions = Purchased Aluminum Ingot Usage × Implicit Emissions per Aluminum Ingot (Supplier-provided data or CBAM official default value);

[0077] Step S4. Construct a CBAM-compliant emissions integration and correction mechanism

[0078] Based on the three-dimensional accounting data, data integration, public emissions allocation, and dynamic correction are completed according to CBAM rules to generate compliant declaration data. The core steps are as follows:

[0079] (1) Public emission allocation: The emissions of public facilities such as factory lighting and heating are allocated using the “output ratio correction coefficient”. The correction coefficient = output of a single product / total output of the enterprise in the same period, to ensure the rationality of emission allocation;

[0080] (2) Calculation of total emissions:

[0081] Direct total emissions = Total direct emissions at the process level + (Public direct emissions × correction factor);

[0082] Indirect total emissions = Total indirect energy emissions + (Public indirect emissions × Correction factor).

[0083] Implicit total emissions = Implicit upstream emissions;

[0084] Total CBAM emissions = Direct total emissions + Indirect total emissions + Implicit total emissions;

[0085] (3) Dynamic data correction: A dynamic correction model is established by combining actual production factors such as production load fluctuations and changes in raw material composition. The emission coefficients and accounting parameters are updated every quarter to ensure that the accounting data is synchronized with the actual production.

[0086] Step S5. Generate CBAM standard application report and audit traceability documents

[0087] Output the declaration report in accordance with the official CBAM format requirements. The declaration report includes separate data for direct emissions, indirect emissions, and implicit emissions, as well as the total emissions. It should clearly indicate the data source, calculation logic, and correction basis, and comply with the declaration format of the EU CBAM platform.

[0088] Generate audit traceability documents that fully record the data collection path, parameter adjustment trajectory, supplier information, and monitoring equipment number, meeting the CBAM regulatory audit requirements for data traceability and reducing audit risks.

[0089] This carbon emission calculation system for aluminum processing enterprises, based on the EU CBAM rules, serves as the platform for the aforementioned calculation methods. It comprises six functional modules, which work together to achieve end-to-end management of data collection, accounting calculation, compliance reporting, and traceability optimization. The module functions are as follows:

[0090] Boundary and Dimension Configuration Module: Supports users to customize the full-process accounting boundary of aluminum processing, configure the mapping relationship between the three-dimensional accounting dimension and CBAM rules, and flexibly adjust the dimension sub-items according to the differences in enterprise processes (such as whether annealing process is included) to adapt to the process characteristics of different aluminum processing enterprises;

[0091] Multi-source data integration module: It connects with existing management systems such as MES, ERP, energy management, and environmental monitoring, automatically collects core data such as process, material, energy, and emissions, supports default value filling when data is missing and abnormal data warning, and ensures data integrity and accuracy;

[0092] Multi-model calculation module: Built-in calculation models for multiple scenarios such as combustion method, process emission method, and mass balance method. It can automatically match the model according to the emission dimension and process characteristics to complete the accurate calculation of direct, indirect and implicit emissions, and supports dynamic updates of emission factors.

[0093] CBAM Data Integration and Correction Module: Automatically completes public emission allocation based on production share correction coefficient, calculates CBAM total emissions, generates declaration reports in accordance with EU official format, and supports export in PDF and Excel formats; built-in dynamic correction algorithm, supports real-time adjustment of accounting parameters according to production changes;

[0094] Audit traceability and compliance verification module: Records the data source, calculation logic and parameter adjustment trajectory of the entire accounting process, and generates a traceable audit report; Built-in compliance verification function compares the emission data at the enterprise level and the product level, controls the error within ±5%, and ensures that the data fully complies with the CBAM declaration requirements;

[0095] Low-carbon optimization analysis module: Based on accounting data, it automatically identifies high-emission links in the entire aluminum processing process and outputs targeted emission reduction suggestions, including optimizing fuel structure, improving power usage efficiency, and improving production processes; it supports the formulation of product, semi-finished product, and waste product recycling plans, helps enterprises reduce their carbon footprint, and achieves integrated accounting, reporting, and optimization.

[0096] Example 1

[0097] This embodiment takes an aluminum sheet, strip, and foil manufacturing enterprise as an example. The enterprise's production process is: purchased aluminum ingots → melting and casting → heat treatment → rolling → finished aluminum sheet, strip, and foil. The planned production cycle is 1000 tons of finished products. The CBAM carbon emission calculation is performed based on the carbon emission calculation method and calculation system of the aluminum processing enterprise based on the EU CBAM rules of this invention.

[0098] The specific steps are as follows:

[0099] Step S1. Boundary and Dimension Configuration

[0100] By using the boundary and dimension configuration module in the calculation system, the accounting boundary is clearly defined as the entire process mentioned above. The three-dimensional accounting dimensions of direct emissions at the process level, indirect energy emissions, and upstream hidden emissions are configured, and the data source docking paths for each dimension are set.

[0101] Step S2. Multi-source data integration

[0102] The computing system automatically connects to collect data from multiple systems:

[0103] Basic production data: casting process operating at 100% capacity, equipment running time 720 hours; heat treatment process operating at 95% capacity; rolling process yield 98%.

[0104] Material consumption data: Purchased aluminum ingots: 1053t; Coke consumption: 22.11t; Lubricating grease consumption: 1t.

[0105] Energy consumption data: Purchased electricity 1.6921 million kWh, natural gas consumption 50,000 m³.

[0106] Emission monitoring data: CO2 emissions from the casting process were 10.5 t, and fluoride emissions from the heat treatment process were 0.002 t.

[0107] Implicit emissions data: The implicit emissions per unit of aluminum ingot provided by the supplier is 2.5 tCO2 / t;

[0108] Step S3. Multi-model accounting calculation

[0109] Automatic matching and calculation model calculation:

[0110] Process-level direct emissions = natural gas combustion emissions (50,000 m³ × 0.00206 tCO2 / m³ × 0.99 × 44 / 12) + coke combustion emissions (22.11 t × 0.85 tCO2 / t × 0.98 × 44 / 12) + lubricating grease emissions (1 t × 0.75 × 44 / 12) ≈ 0.40 + 6.38 + 2.75 = 9.53 tCO2;

[0111] Indirect emissions from energy sources = Indirect emissions from electricity (1.6921 million kWh × 0.5 tCO2 / MWh) + Indirect emissions from steam (5.26 GJ × 0.1 tCO2 / GJ) ≈ 84.61 + 0.53 = 85.14 tCO2;

[0112] Implicit emissions from upstream = 1053t × 2.5tCO2 / t = 2632.5tCO2;

[0113] Step S4. CBAM Data Integration and Correction

[0114] The output of this batch of products is 1000t, the company's total output during the same period is 5000t, and the output ratio correction factor is 0.2; direct public emissions are 20t, and indirect public emissions are 50t.

[0115] Direct total emissions = 9.53 + (20 × 0.2) = 13.53 tCO2;

[0116] Indirect total emissions = 85.14 + (50 × 0.2) = 95.14 tCO2;

[0117] Total emissions from CBAM = 13.53 + 95.14 + 2632.5 = 2741.17 tCO2, emissions per ton of product = 2.74 tCO2 / t;

[0118] Step S5. Report Generation and Audit Traceability

[0119] The calculation system generates a CBAM standard format declaration report, which includes direct, indirect, and implicit emission breakdown data and total emissions; it also generates an audit report, recording traceability information such as supplier report number, monitoring equipment number, and data collection time, for regulatory verification.

[0120] Example 2

[0121] This embodiment takes a medium-sized aluminum processing enterprise as an example. The enterprise mainly produces finished aluminum foil products. The production process is: purchased aluminum ingots → melting and casting → homogenization heat treatment → cold rolling → finishing → finished aluminum foil products. The enterprise does not have its own electricity and steam supply and purchases them all. The aluminum ingot supplier does not provide a carbon emission report. The default implicit emission value of 3.0tCO2 / t for aluminum ingots published by CBAM is required. The carbon emission calculation method and calculation system for aluminum processing enterprises based on EU CBAM rules of this invention are used to perform CBAM carbon emission accounting.

[0122] The specific steps are as follows:

[0123] Step S1. Boundary and Dimension Configuration

[0124] By using the boundary and dimension configuration module of the calculation system, the accounting boundary is clearly defined as the entire process of purchased aluminum ingots - casting - homogenization heat treatment - cold rolling - finishing - aluminum foil finished products. The system configures three-dimensional accounting dimensions of direct emissions at the process level, indirect energy emissions, and upstream hidden emissions. For the newly added homogenization heat treatment and finishing processes of the enterprise, energy consumption data collection items are added. At the same time, the data of each dimension is set to connect with the MES system and the enterprise energy management system. The hidden emission data is filled with the official default values ​​of CBAM.

[0125] Step S2. Multi-source data integration

[0126] The system automatically connects to multiple systems to complete core data collection, eliminating the need for manual data entry. The key data collected is as follows:

[0127] Basic production data: The production load of the melting and casting process is 90%, the equipment running time is 600 hours, the production load of the homogenization heat treatment process is 100%, the overall yield of the cold rolling and finishing process is 95%, and the planned production of aluminum foil is 800 tons.

[0128] Material consumption data: 842t of purchased aluminum ingots, 18.5t of coke, and 0.8t of rolling oil were consumed.

[0129] Energy consumption data: Purchased electricity 1.286 million kWh, natural gas consumption 42,000 m³, purchased steam consumption 4.5 GJ;

[0130] Emission monitoring data: Real-time CO2 emissions from the smelting and casting process were 8.2 tons, with no other characteristic pollutants exceeding emission standards;

[0131] Implicit emissions data: No supplier carbon emission report is available; the system uses the default implicit emission value of 3.0tCO2 / t from the official CBAM aluminum ingot.

[0132] Step S3. Multi-model accounting calculation

[0133] The calculation system automatically matches and adapts the calculation model based on the characteristics of aluminum processing procedures and emission types, and completes accurate calculations of emissions in various dimensions; the calculation process and results are as follows:

[0134] (1) Calculation of direct emissions at the process level

[0135] Natural gas combustion emissions = 42,000 m³ × 0.00206 tCO2 / m³ × 0.99 × 44 / 12 ≈ 0.34 tCO2;

[0136] Coke combustion emissions = 18.5t × 0.85tCO2 / t × 0.98 × 44 / 12 ≈ 5.32tCO2;

[0137] The emissions from the combustion of rolling oil = 0.8t × 0.78 × 44 / 12 ≈ 2.29t CO2;

[0138] Total direct emissions at the process level = 0.34 + 5.32 + 2.29 = 7.95 tCO2;

[0139] (2) Calculation of indirect energy emissions

[0140] Electricity and steam are accounted for separately, using the corresponding energy emission factors.

[0141] Indirect emissions from electricity = 1.286 million kWh × 0.52 tCO2 / MWh ≈ 66.87 tCO2 (using the power grid emission factor of 0.52 tCO2 / MWh in the province where the company is located);

[0142] Indirect steam emissions = 4.5 GJ × 0.11 tCO2 / GJ ≈ 0.50 tCO2;

[0143] Total indirect emissions from energy = 66.87 + 0.50 = 67.37 tCO2;

[0144] (3) Calculation of hidden emissions from upstream

[0145] Implicit emissions from upstream = 842t × 3.0tCO2 / t = 2526tCO2

[0146] Step S4. CBAM Data Integration and Correction

[0147] The calculation system performs common emission allocation and total emission calculation according to the CBAM rules. The core parameters and calculation results are as follows:

[0148] Key parameters: The actual output of this batch of aluminum foil products was 760t (finished product rate 95%), the total output of various aluminum products of the enterprise in the same period was 4000t, the output ratio correction factor = 760 ÷ 4000 = 0.19; the enterprise's direct public emissions (factory lighting, office heating) were 15tCO2, and the indirect public emissions (electricity / steam consumption of public facilities) were 40tCO2.

[0149] Direct total emissions = 7.95 + (15 × 0.19) = 10.80 tCO2;

[0150] Indirect total emissions = 67.37 + (40 × 0.19) = 74.97 tCO2;

[0151] Implicit total emissions = upstream implicit emissions = 2526tCO2. Upstream implicit emissions do not require allocation of common emissions according to CBAM rules.

[0152] Total CBAM emissions = Direct total emissions + Indirect total emissions + Implicit total emissions = 10.80 + 74.97 + 2526 = 2611.77 tCO2;

[0153] Carbon emissions per ton of finished aluminum foil = 2611.77tCO2 ÷ 760t ≈ 3.44tCO2 / t;

[0154] Step S5. Report Generation and Audit Traceability

[0155] The calculation system generates carbon emission declaration reports according to the official CBAM standard format. The declaration report includes direct total emissions (10.80 tCO2), indirect total emissions (74.97 tCO2), implicit total emissions (2526 tCO2), and total emissions (2611.77 tCO2). It also marks the data sources, calculation logic, and correction factor basis.

[0156] Generate audit traceability documents, recording traceability information such as supplier report number, monitoring equipment number, and data collection time for regulatory verification. The data collection time is the real-time collection timestamp of each system. The monitoring equipment number includes, but is limited to, the CO2 monitor number and the electricity meter number in the smelting and casting process. The parameter adjustment trajectory and supplier information include, but are limited to, the name of the aluminum ingot supplier and an explanation for not providing a carbon emission report. The production process parameters include, but are limited to, the production load and yield of each process.

[0157] The system's compliance verification module automatically compares emission data at the enterprise level and product level, with a calculation error of 3.2%, controlled within ±5%, meeting the accuracy requirements of CBAM declaration data. Declaration reports and audit traceability documents can be directly exported in PDF and Excel formats, and can be directly used for declaration and regulatory verification on the EU CBAM platform.

[0158] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the carbon emissions of an aluminum processing enterprise based on the EU CBAM rules, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Define the CBAM-adaptive accounting boundary and dimensions. Define the CBAM-adaptive accounting boundary for the entire process of aluminum ingot procurement, casting, heat treatment, rolling, and finished aluminum sheet, strip, and foil products. Construct a three-dimensional accounting system for process-level direct emissions, indirect energy emissions, and upstream hidden emissions. Establish a precise mapping between each dimension and CBAM rules. Step S2: Construct a three-dimensional data acquisition system for processes, materials, and energy, and automatically collect basic production data, energy consumption data, and implicit emission data by connecting with multiple systems; Step S3: Use a multi-scenario adaptable accounting model to calculate core emission data. For different emission dimensions and process characteristics, select an appropriate accounting model to calculate the direct emissions at the process level, indirect energy emissions, and upstream hidden emissions respectively. Step S4: Construct a CBAM-compliant emission integration and correction mechanism. Based on the three-dimensional accounting data, integrate and correct the data according to the requirements of CBAM rules to generate the declaration data. Step S5: Generate a declaration report and audit traceability documents that conform to the official CBAM format.

2. The method of calculating carbon emissions of an aluminum processing business based on the EU CBAM rules according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the three-dimensional accounting system for direct emissions at the process level, indirect energy emissions, and upstream hidden emissions is as follows: (1) Process-level direct emissions: covering emissions generated from natural gas combustion in the smelting and casting process; (2) Indirect energy emissions: covering indirect emissions from purchased electricity in each process and steam consumption in the smelting and casting process; (3) Implicit emissions from upstream: Implicit carbon emissions generated by purchased aluminum ingots during production, processing and transportation are specifically accounted for and included in the statutory accounting scope of CBAM.

3. The method of calculating carbon emissions of an aluminum processing business based on the EU CBAM rules according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the data sources and collection methods are as follows: (1) Basic production data: production load, equipment running time, product output, finished product rate and defect rate of each process are automatically captured by the MES system; (2) Energy consumption data: consumption of electricity, natural gas, and steam, supply sources and consumption periods, with electricity categorized as purchased / self-supplied; (3) Implicit emission data: Carbon emission reports provided by aluminum ingot suppliers are preferred. If no supplier data is available, the default implicit emission values ​​of aluminum ingots published by CBAM are used directly.

4. The method of calculating carbon emissions of an aluminum processing business based on the EU CBAM rules according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the direct emissions at the process level are calculated: Fuel combustion emissions = activity data × emission factor × oxidation factor × 44 / 12, where the emission factor = carbon content per unit calorific value × average lower heating value; Calculation of indirect energy emissions: Indirect emissions from electricity = Electricity consumption × Provincial / regional power grid emission factor; Calculation of hidden emissions from upstream sources: Implicit emissions from upstream = Aluminum ingot usage × Implicit emissions per aluminum ingot, where the implicit emissions per aluminum ingot are either data provided by the supplier or the official default value from CBAM.

5. The method of calculating carbon emissions of an aluminum processing business based on the EU CBAM rules according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4, the specific steps are as follows: (1) Public emission allocation: The emissions of public facilities of enterprises are allocated according to the production ratio correction coefficient. The correction coefficient = output of a single product / total output of the enterprise in the same period; (2) Calculation of total emissions: Direct total emissions = Total direct emissions at the process level + (Public direct emissions × correction factor); Indirect total emissions = Total indirect energy emissions + (Public indirect emissions × Correction factor). Implicit total emissions = Implicit upstream emissions; Total CBAM emissions = Direct total emissions + Indirect total emissions + Implicit total emissions; (3) Dynamic data correction: Based on actual production factors, a dynamic correction model is established, and emission coefficients and accounting parameters are updated every quarter.

6. The method of calculating carbon emissions of an aluminum processing business based on the EU CBAM rules according to claim 5, characterized in that, Actual production factors include, but are not limited to, fluctuations in production load and changes in raw material composition.

7. The carbon emission calculation method for aluminum processing enterprises based on the EU CBAM rules according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the specific steps are as follows: (1) In accordance with the official CBAM format requirements, output a declaration report that includes separate data for direct emissions, indirect emissions, hidden emissions and total emissions, and clearly state the data source, calculation logic and correction basis; (2) Generate audit traceability documents to record data collection paths, parameter adjustment trajectories, supplier information, and monitoring equipment numbers.

8. A carbon emission calculation system for aluminum processing enterprises based on the EU CBAM rules, employing the carbon emission calculation method for aluminum processing enterprises based on the EU CBAM rules as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that... include: Boundary and Dimension Configuration Module: Supports users to customize the full-process accounting boundary of aluminum processing, configure the mapping relationship between three-dimensional accounting dimensions and CBAM rules, and support flexible adjustment of dimension sub-items according to enterprise process differences; Multi-source data integration module: Connects to multi-source systems, automatically collects core data, and supports default value filling when data is missing and abnormal data warning; Multi-model calculation module: Built-in multi-scenario calculation models, including but not limited to combustion method, process emission method and mass balance method. Automatically matches the model according to emission dimension and process characteristics to complete the accurate calculation of direct, indirect and implicit emissions, and supports dynamic updates of emission factors; CBAM Data Integration and Correction Module: Automatically completes public emission allocation based on production share correction coefficient, calculates CBAM total emissions, generates declaration reports in accordance with EU official format, and supports export in PDF and Excel formats; built-in dynamic correction algorithm, supports real-time adjustment of accounting parameters according to production changes; Audit traceability and compliance verification module: Records the data source, calculation logic and parameter adjustment trajectory of the entire accounting process, and generates traceable audit reports; Built-in compliance verification function compares the emission data at the enterprise level and the product level, and controls the error within ±5%; Low-carbon optimization analysis module: Automatically identifies high-emission links in aluminum processing based on accounting data and outputs targeted emission reduction suggestions; supports the formulation of recycling plans for products, semi-finished products and waste products.

9. The carbon emission calculation system for aluminum processing enterprises based on the EU CBAM regulations according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multi-source systems include, but are not limited to, MES, ERP, energy management systems, and environmental monitoring systems. Core data includes, but is not limited to, processes, materials, energy, and emissions.

10. The carbon emission calculation system for aluminum processing enterprises based on the EU CBAM regulations according to claim 8, characterized in that, The resulting emission reduction recommendations include, but are not limited to, optimizing fuel mix, improving electricity efficiency, and refining production processes.