A photovoltaic module mounting device for a pitched roof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module installation, and provides a photovoltaic module installation device for inclined roof, which comprises an installation assembly, a height adjusting mechanism, a roof clamp, an installation beam, a leveling mechanism, a controller and a wind sensor, and a clock module is arranged in the controller; a plurality of roof clamps are installed on the color steel tile roof in two rows, and each roof clamp is clamped on the crest of the color steel tile; the roof clamp comprises a trapezoidal clamp, negative pressure boxes are fixedly connected to the two sides of the trapezoidal clamp, and the openings of the negative pressure boxes are in communication with the inner walls of the trapezoidal clamp. The present application adopts a negative pressure clamping + wedge self-locking double fixing mode, does not need to punch holes on the roof, protects the original structure and waterproof layer of the roof, enhances the sealing property by rubber pads, compensates for slow air leakage by air absorbent, and adjusts the bolt to restore the negative pressure in an emergency, so that the clamping stability is ensured, and the roof leakage problem caused by the existing bolt penetrating type installation is completely solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic module installation technology, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic module installation device for inclined roofs. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, sloping roofs (such as corrugated steel roofs) have become an important scenario for photovoltaic module installation due to their wide coverage area and good lighting conditions.

[0003] Currently, the installation of photovoltaic modules on tilted roofs mostly uses bolt penetration fixing. This method requires drilling holes in the roof, which will damage the original roof structure and waterproof layer, and is very likely to cause roof leakage problems, seriously affecting the service life of the building. At the same time, the existing installation devices are mostly fixed structures, which cannot flexibly adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panels according to the angle of sunlight, resulting in low photovoltaic power generation efficiency, and the installation process is cumbersome and inconvenient to maintain.

[0004] Some non-drilling installation devices use clamps for holding, but these have problems such as poor clamping stability and easy loosening. Especially during long-term use, due to environmental factors, air leakage and loosening may occur between the clamps and the roof, which may lead to the photovoltaic modules falling off and posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic module installation device for inclined roofs, aiming to solve the technical problems of existing inclined roof photovoltaic module installation devices, such as roof damage, easy water leakage, loose clamping, inconvenient angle adjustment, and low power generation efficiency.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a photovoltaic module installation device for inclined roofs includes a photovoltaic panel, an installation component, a height adjustment mechanism, a roof clamp, an installation beam, a leveling mechanism, and also includes a controller, a wind sensor, and a clock module;

[0007] Multiple roof clamps are symmetrically installed in two rows on the corrugated steel roof, with each clamp corresponding to a crest of the corrugated steel tile. An installation beam is rotatably mounted on each row of roof clamps. A leveling mechanism is installed between the roof clamps and the installation beam to adjust the installation beam to a horizontal position for subsequent photovoltaic panel installation. A height adjustment mechanism is installed on the installation beam, and the installation components are installed on the height adjustment mechanism. The photovoltaic panel is installed between two installation components. The height adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the height of the installation components, thereby adjusting the height of both ends of the photovoltaic panel and achieving angle adjustment.

[0008] The controller is electrically connected to the height adjustment mechanism, wind sensor, and clock module to realize automatic control of the device.

[0009] Further technical solution: The roof clamp includes a trapezoidal clamp, a rubber pad, a negative pressure box, an air absorbent, a connecting pipe, a one-way valve, a piston plate, an adjusting bolt, a tightening bolt, and a first threaded cylinder; the trapezoidal clamp has a trapezoidal cross-section adapted to the shape of the corrugated steel sheet crest, and its inner sidewall is fitted to the corrugated steel sheet crest. The rubber pad is fixedly fitted to the inner side of the trapezoidal clamp to enhance the sealing between the trapezoidal clamp and the corrugated steel sheet crest, prevent air leakage from the negative pressure box, and avoid the trapezoidal clamp from abrading the surface of the corrugated steel sheet.

[0010] Two negative pressure boxes are provided, which are fixedly connected to both sides of the trapezoidal clamp, and the opening of the negative pressure box is connected to the inner wall of the trapezoidal clamp, so that a sealed chamber is formed between the negative pressure box, the trapezoidal clamp, and the corrugated steel sheet. The two negative pressure boxes are connected by a connecting pipe, and the one-way valve is connected to the connecting pipe for connecting an air pump to realize synchronous air extraction of the two negative pressure boxes and prevent backflow of air. The one-way valve is made of corrosion-resistant sealing material to ensure the stability of the negative pressure state.

[0011] Two piston plates are provided, each slidably and sealingly installed in one of the two negative pressure boxes. A sealing ring is used to seal between the piston plate and the inner wall of the negative pressure box to prevent gas leakage from the gap between the piston plate and the negative pressure box. Each of the two piston plates has an adjusting bolt rotatably mounted on its side away from the center of the trapezoidal clamp via a bearing. The two adjusting bolts are threaded to both sides of the trapezoidal clamp. Rotating the adjusting bolts can drive the piston plate to slide along the axial direction of the negative pressure box. The getter is fixedly installed on the side of the piston plate near the center of the trapezoidal clamp to remove air that leaks into the negative pressure box and continuously maintain the negative pressure state inside the negative pressure box.

[0012] The getter is directly attached to the side of the piston plate using a high-temperature resistant adhesive. This getter has excellent gas adsorption performance and can "lock" leaked gas molecules into stable compounds through a chemical reaction. Furthermore, surface gas molecules can diffuse inward, exposing a fresh active surface, thus achieving continuous gas intake. This effectively compensates for the slow leakage of the negative pressure box and extends the negative pressure holding time.

[0013] Multiple first threaded cylinders are provided and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the trapezoidal clamp. Each first threaded cylinder is threaded with a tightening bolt. The end of the tightening bolt passes through the first threaded cylinder and abuts against the surface of the rubber pad. During installation, rotating the tightening bolt can tighten the tightening bolt against the surface of the corrugated steel sheet, causing the trapezoidal clamp to hug the corrugated sheet from both sides inward, forming a wedge-shaped self-locking structure, which further improves the clamping stability of the trapezoidal clamp and prevents the negative pressure box from leaking or the clamp from loosening.

[0014] The top of the trapezoidal clamp is also fixed with a rotating seat, which has a through pin hole for rotating connection with the installation beam. The trapezoidal clamp and the negative pressure box are both made of high-strength aluminum alloy and are anodized. They have excellent corrosion resistance and wind load resistance, meet the relevant standard requirements for photovoltaic support materials, have a service life of not less than 25 years, and can withstand wind load, snow load and temperature load that occur once every 25 years.

[0015] Further technical solution: The mounting beam adopts a C-shaped aluminum alloy profile, with multiple rotating blocks fixedly connected to its bottom. The number of rotating blocks is consistent with the number of roof clamps in each row, and the distance between adjacent rotating blocks matches the distance between adjacent corrugated steel sheets, ensuring that each rotating block can be connected to a rotating seat of a roof clamp. The rotating block is provided with a through hole that matches the pin hole of the rotating seat. By passing the rotating pin through the through hole of the rotating seat and the rotating block, the mounting beam is rotatably installed on the roof clamp, so that the mounting beam can rotate around the rotating pin, which facilitates the leveling mechanism to perform leveling operations on the mounting beam.

[0016] The top of the mounting beam is provided with a groove for mounting the slider of the height adjustment mechanism. The inner wall of the groove is provided with a wear-resistant coating to reduce wear when the slider slides, thereby improving the service life and adjustment accuracy of the height adjustment mechanism. Limiting blocks are provided at both ends of the mounting beam to prevent the slider from detaching from the groove when sliding, thus ensuring the operational stability of the height adjustment mechanism.

[0017] Further technical solution: The leveling mechanism includes a second threaded cylinder, a fixing bolt, a bracket, a worm, a worm wheel, a cover, and a baffle; two second threaded cylinders are provided, symmetrically fixed on the top of the trapezoidal clamp, located on both sides of the rotating seat; two brackets are provided, installed on the second threaded cylinder by fixing bolts, and the two ends of the worm are respectively rotatably installed on the two brackets through bearings to achieve fixed installation of the worm.

[0018] The worm gear is mounted on the rotating pin via a sliding key and is meshed with the worm. Rotating the worm drives the worm gear to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating pin and the rotating block to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the mounting beam and ultimately leveling it. An adjusting nut is fixed to the end of the worm, which allows for easy rotation of the worm with tools, improving the convenience of the leveling operation. The meshing between the worm and the worm gear has a self-locking function, preventing the mounting beam from rotating on its own after leveling and ensuring stability after leveling.

[0019] The baffle is fixedly sleeved on the rotating pin and located on one side of the worm gear. It is used to axially limit the worm gear, prevent the worm gear from sliding along the rotating pin, and ensure stable meshing between the worm gear and the worm. The cover is installed at the end of the rotating pin by fixing bolts. It is used to cover the worm gear and the sliding key, prevent dust and rainwater from entering, avoid corrosion of parts, and extend the service life of the leveling mechanism.

[0020] Further technical solution: The height adjustment mechanism includes connecting rods, a dual-head motor, sliders, and screws; at least two sliders are provided, symmetrically slidably installed in the grooves of the mounting beam, with the sliders closely fitting the inner wall of the grooves to ensure smooth sliding; four connecting rods are provided, symmetrically installed on both sides of the dual-head motor, with a connecting rod hinged to the top of each slider, and the other ends of the four connecting rods hinged to the bottom of the mounting assembly, so that the mounting assembly, the connecting rods on both sides, and the mounting beam form an isosceles trapezoidal structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, improving structural stability.

[0021] The dual-head motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the mounting beam. Each of the two output ends of the dual-head motor is fixedly connected to a screw. The threads of the two screws are in opposite directions, and the two screws are threadedly connected to the sliders on both sides of the dual-head motor. When the dual-head motor is working, it drives the two screws to rotate synchronously. Since the threads of the screws are in opposite directions, they can drive the sliders on both sides to move towards or away from each other, thereby changing the angle between the connecting rod and the mounting beam, adjusting the height of the mounting component, realizing the adjustment of the height of both ends of the photovoltaic panel, and thus changing the angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0022] The dual-head motor is a waterproof and dustproof motor with forward and reverse rotation functions. It is electrically connected to the controller to realize automatic start and stop and speed adjustment, ensuring the accuracy of height adjustment. The screw is made of high-strength stainless steel with a Teflon coating to reduce thread wear and corrosion and extend service life. The connection between the slider and the screw is equipped with an anti-loosening nut to prevent the slider from loosening during long-term use and to ensure the stability of the height adjustment mechanism.

[0023] Further technical solution: The mounting assembly includes a rotating outer frame, a sliding inner frame, locking bolts, a mounting base, and sliding holes; the mounting base is a rectangular frame structure, with its bottom hinged to the ends of four connecting rods, and a rotating shaft at the top of the mounting base. The rotating outer frame is rotatably mounted on the mounting base via the rotating shaft, allowing the rotating outer frame to rotate around the rotating shaft to accommodate the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel.

[0024] The sliding inner frame is slidably installed inside the rotating outer frame. The size of the sliding inner frame is adapted to the end size of the photovoltaic panel and is used to clamp the end of the photovoltaic panel. The sliding inner frame is threaded with multiple locking bolts, and the rotating outer frame has sliding holes adapted to the locking bolts. One end of the locking bolt extends into the interior of the sliding inner frame to press against the photovoltaic panel, and the other end extends out of the sliding hole for easy rotation. The sliding hole is elongated. When the sliding inner frame slides inside the rotating outer frame, the locking bolt can move along the sliding hole without affecting the sliding of the sliding inner frame.

[0025] The inner wall of the sliding inner frame is provided with a flexible buffer pad to protect the edge of the photovoltaic panel and prevent wear on the photovoltaic panel during clamping, while also enhancing the sealing and stability of the clamping. The rotating outer frame is provided with a damping component at the rotating connection with the mounting base, which can fix the rotating outer frame at any angle, preventing the photovoltaic panel from rotating on its own after the angle is adjusted, and ensuring the installation stability of the photovoltaic panel.

[0026] Further technical solution: The control module includes a controller, a wind sensor, and a clock module; the wind sensor is installed on the top of the mounting assembly to detect the ambient wind force and transmit the detected wind signal to the controller; the clock module is electrically connected to the controller and can acquire local solar terms, date, and time information in real time and transmit the information to the controller.

[0027] The controller is a PLC controller with a built-in preset program. It can automatically control the height adjustment mechanism based on the wind force signal transmitted by the wind sensor and the time information transmitted by the clock module. When the wind sensor detects that the ambient wind force is greater than the preset threshold (such as level 8 wind), the controller controls the height adjustment mechanism to lower the height of the two installation components, so that the photovoltaic panel is close to the roof, reducing the impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel and the device, avoiding damage to the components, and meeting the wind resistance design requirements of the photovoltaic bracket. When the wind force returns to a safe range, the controller controls the height adjustment mechanism to restore the photovoltaic panel to the preset angle.

[0028] The clock module calculates the real-time solar angle based on local latitude, solar term, date, and time. The controller then automatically adjusts the height of the two mounting components using these angles, ensuring the photovoltaic panels are perpendicular to the sunlight. This maximizes the panels' power generation, enabling sun-tracking power generation. Compared to fixed-angle photovoltaic panels, this method improves efficiency by 10%-15%. Furthermore, combining machine vision-based sun-tracking logic optimizes control precision and further enhances efficiency. Additionally, the controller includes a manual control interface, allowing manual adjustment of the photovoltaic panel angle to suit specific application scenarios.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. Achieve non-destructive roof fixing and eliminate potential leakage risks: The dual fixing method of negative pressure clamping + wedge self-locking eliminates the need to drill holes in the roof, protecting the original roof structure and waterproof layer; rubber gaskets enhance sealing, air absorbent compensates for slow air leakage, and adjusting bolts can restore negative pressure in an emergency, ensuring stable clamping and completely solving the roof leakage problem caused by existing bolt penetration installation.

[0031] 2. Flexible and adjustable photovoltaic panel angle, high power generation efficiency: The height of both ends of the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted by the height adjustment mechanism to achieve continuous adjustment of the photovoltaic panel angle; combined with the controller, wind sensor and clock module, the photovoltaic panel can be automatically adjusted to the optimal power generation angle according to the angle of sunlight, and the photovoltaic panel can be automatically protected in windy weather, taking into account both power generation efficiency and equipment safety, which meets the design requirements of high efficiency and safety of photovoltaic power stations.

[0032] 3. Convenient installation and maintenance, and strong versatility: The leveling mechanism can quickly adjust the mounting beam to a horizontal position, facilitating the installation of photovoltaic panels; the sliding inner frame of the mounting components can compensate for displacement during photovoltaic panel angle adjustment, preventing the device from jamming; maintenance does not require disassembling the entire device, and the clamps or parts can be adjusted or replaced individually, significantly reducing installation and maintenance costs and meeting the installation specifications of clamp-type photovoltaic brackets.

[0033] 4. Stable structure and long service life: All components are made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant materials and are specially treated to withstand harsh outdoor environments; the worm gear leveling mechanism has a self-locking function, and the dual protection of negative pressure clamping and wedge self-locking ensures long-term stable operation of the device, with a service life synchronized with the photovoltaic system. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side view of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 In this invention Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0037] Figure 4 In this invention Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point B in the middle.

[0038] Figure 5 In this invention Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point C in the middle.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the leveling mechanism in this invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the roof clamp in this invention.

[0041] In the attached diagram: 1. Photovoltaic panel; 2. Mounting assembly; 21. Rotating outer frame; 22. Sliding inner frame; 23. Locking bolt; 24. Mounting base; 25. Sliding hole; 3. Height adjustment mechanism; 31. Connecting rod; 32. Double-headed motor; 33. Slider; 34. Screw; 4. Roof clamp; 41. Tightening bolt; 42. First threaded cylinder; 43. Rubber pad; 44. Negative pressure box; 45. Getter; 46. Connecting pipe; 47. One-way valve; 48. Trapezoidal clamp; 49. Piston plate; 410. Adjusting bolt; 411. Rotating seat; 5. Mounting beam; 51. Rotating block; 52. Rotating pin; 6. Leveling mechanism; 61. Second threaded cylinder; 62. Fixing bolt; 63. Angle bracket; 64. Worm gear; 65. Worm wheel; 66. Cover; 67. Adjusting nut; 68. Baffle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0043] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0044] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this invention provides a photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof, including multiple roof clamps 4. The multiple roof clamps 4 are arranged in two rows and installed on the corrugated steel roof. The roof clamps 4 are clamped on the crests of the corrugated steel roof. The number of roof clamps 4 in each row is determined according to the length of the photovoltaic panel 1 and the spacing between the crests of the corrugated steel roof. The distance between adjacent roof clamps 4 is consistent with the distance between adjacent crests of the corrugated steel roof, ensuring that each roof clamp 4 can be accurately clamped on the crest of the corrugated steel roof.

[0045] The roof clamp 4 includes a trapezoidal clamp 48, which has a trapezoidal cross-section similar to the corrugated steel sheet, with the angles of the trapezoidal cross-section matching those of the corrugated steel sheet. Negative pressure boxes 44 are fixedly connected to both sides of the trapezoidal clamp 48. The openings of the negative pressure boxes 44 communicate with the inner walls of the trapezoidal clamp 48, forming a sealed chamber between the negative pressure boxes 44, the trapezoidal clamp 48, and the corrugated steel sheet. A connecting pipe 46 connects the two negative pressure boxes 44, and a one-way valve 47 is connected to the connecting pipe 46. The one-way valve 47 is used to connect an air pump to achieve synchronous air extraction from the two negative pressure boxes 44 while preventing backflow of air. The valve nozzle 47 is made of corrosion-resistant sealing material to ensure the stability of the negative pressure state. The inside of the negative pressure box 44 is also provided with a getter 45. The getter 45 can "lock" the leaked gas molecules into stable compounds through chemical reaction, and the surface gas molecules can diffuse into the interior, exposing a fresh active surface to achieve continuous air intake, effectively compensating for the slow leakage of the negative pressure box 44 and prolonging the negative pressure holding time. The inner side of the trapezoidal clamp 48 is also provided with a rubber pad 43. The rubber pad 43 is made of EPDM rubber and is tightly attached to the inner side of the trapezoidal clamp 48 to maintain the sealing state between the trapezoidal clamp 48 and the crest surface.

[0046] Each row of roof clamps 4 is rotatably mounted with an installation beam 5. Each of the two installation beams 5 is equipped with a height adjustment mechanism 3. Each of the two height adjustment mechanisms 3 is equipped with an installation component 2. The photovoltaic panel 1 is installed between the two installation components 2. The height adjustment mechanism 3 is used to adjust the height of the installation component 2 so as to adjust the height of both ends of the photovoltaic panel 1. When the heights of the two ends of the photovoltaic panel 1 are not adjusted in a consistent manner, the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 will be changed. Therefore, this device can also adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 according to the angle of sunlight so that the power generation of the photovoltaic panel 1 reaches the maximum.

[0047] A leveling mechanism 6 is also installed between each row of roof clamps 4 and the mounting beam 5. The leveling mechanism 6 is used to adjust the mounting beam 5 to a horizontal state so that the photovoltaic panel 1 can be installed.

[0048] It also includes a controller, a wind sensor, and a clock module.

[0049] Specifically, the trapezoidal clamp 48 is straddled on the crest of the corrugated steel sheet, with the rubber pad 43 in contact with the surface of the crest. A one-way valve 47 is connected to an air pump, and air is extracted from the two negative pressure boxes 44 so that atmospheric pressure tightly presses the trapezoidal clamp 48 onto the crest. This avoids the need for drilling holes and using bolts for fixing, protects the integrity of the roof, and prevents the house from leaking.

[0050] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof. In this embodiment, the roof clamp 4 further includes two piston plates 49, which are slidably installed in two negative pressure boxes 44. Adjusting bolts 410 are rotatably installed on the side of the two piston plates 49 away from the center of the trapezoidal clamp 48. The two adjusting bolts 410 are threadedly connected to both sides of the trapezoidal clamp 48. The getter 45 is installed on the side of the piston plate 49 near the center of the trapezoidal clamp 48.

[0051] Specifically, the getter 45 is a composite getter 45 of type ITH IG-DX50-880, which is directly attached to the side of the piston plate 49 with adhesive backing.

[0052] When air leaks into the negative pressure box 44, gas molecules are "captured" by the huge surface area of ​​the porous material. The gas molecules are absorbed into the interior of the material to carry out a chemical reaction. Through the chemical reaction, the gas molecules are "locked" into stable compounds. Then the gas molecules on the surface will further diffuse into the interior of the material, exposing fresh active surfaces, so that the material can continuously absorb gas to reduce the air pressure inside the negative pressure box 44 again.

[0053] During routine maintenance, if the trapezoidal clamp 48 is found to be loose, the gas in the negative pressure box 44 can be extracted again using an air pump. If the air pump is forgotten or the air pump is out of power, the adjusting bolt 410 can also be turned with a tool. The adjusting bolt 410 moves the piston plate 49 away from the crest surface, increasing the space between the negative pressure box 44 and the crest, reducing the air pressure, and restoring the atmospheric pressure on the trapezoidal clamp 48.

[0054] Alternatively, multiple first threaded cylinders 42 can be provided on both sides of the trapezoidal clamp 48. The first threaded cylinder 42 is threadedly connected to a tightening bolt 41, so that the end of the tightening bolt 41 abuts against the surface of the rubber pad 43. When installing the trapezoidal clamp 48, the tightening bolt 41 is rotated to tighten the tightening bolt 41 against the surface of the wave crest, so that the trapezoidal clamp 48 hugs the wave crest from both sides inward to form a wedge-shaped self-locking, so that the trapezoidal clamp 48 is installed more stably.

[0055] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof. In this embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism 3 includes a slider 33. There are at least two sliders 33, and multiple sliders 33 are slidably mounted on the mounting beam 5. The top of each slider 33 is hinged to a connecting rod 31, and the ends of multiple connecting rods 31 are hinged to the mounting component 2. The multiple connecting rods 31 are symmetrically installed.

[0056] The height adjustment mechanism 3 also includes a power mechanism, which is mounted on the mounting beam 5. The two output ends of the power mechanism are respectively connected to multiple sliders 33. The power mechanism is used to drive the multiple sliders 33 to move towards or away from each other.

[0057] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module installation device for inclined roofs. In this embodiment, the power mechanism includes a dual-head motor 32, which is mounted on the mounting beam 5. Both ends of the dual-head motor 32 are fixedly connected to screws 34, and the two screws 34 are threadedly connected to multiple sliders 33 on both sides of the dual-head motor 32.

[0058] Specifically, the mounting component 2, the connecting rods 31 on both sides, and the mounting beam 5 form an isosceles trapezoid that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. When the dual-head motor 32 drives the two screws 34 to rotate, and the two screws 34 drive the connecting rods 31 on both sides to move inward or outward respectively, the base angle of the trapezoid will be changed, and the height of the trapezoid will be changed, making the height of the mounting component 2 adjustable.

[0059] In addition, to make the structure more stable, four connecting rods 31 can be provided, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the dual-head motor 32.

[0060] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module installation device for inclined roofs. In this embodiment, a rotating seat 411 is provided on the trapezoidal clamp 48, and a plurality of rotating blocks 51 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting beam 5. The rotating blocks 51 are rotatably mounted on the rotating seat 411 by rotating pins 52.

[0061] Specifically, the number of rotating blocks 51 is the same as the number of trapezoidal clamps 48 in each row, and the distance between adjacent rotating blocks 51 is the same as the distance between adjacent wave crests.

[0062] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof. In this embodiment, the installation component 2 includes an installation base 24. One end of each of the plurality of connecting rods 31 is hinged to the bottom of the installation base 24. A rotating outer frame 21 is rotatably mounted on the installation base 24. A sliding inner frame 22 is slidably mounted inside the rotating outer frame 21. A plurality of locking bolts 23 are threadedly connected to the sliding inner frame 22. One end of the locking bolt 23 extends into the interior of the sliding inner frame 22, and the other end of the locking bolt 23 extends out of the rotating outer frame 21. A sliding hole 25 is provided on the rotating outer frame 21 for the locking bolt 23 to move.

[0063] Specifically, when assembling the device and installing the photovoltaic panel 1, one end of the photovoltaic panel 1 can be inserted into a sliding inner frame 22 (such as the lower sliding inner frame 22), and the photovoltaic panel 1 can be fixed to the sliding inner frame 22 by locking bolts 23. The sliding inner frame 22 is then lowered, and another sliding inner frame 22 (the upper sliding inner frame 22) is raised to increase the distance between the two sliding inner frames 22. When the other end of the photovoltaic panel 1 can be locked at the port of the upper sliding inner frame 22, the height adjustment mechanism 3 drives the upper sliding inner frame 22 to lower, while aligning the end of the photovoltaic panel 1 with the port of the sliding inner frame 22. As the distance between the two sliding inner frames 22 shortens, the photovoltaic panel 1 can be smoothly inserted into the interior of the upper sliding inner frame 22. When the end of the photovoltaic panel 1 is fully inserted into the sliding inner frame 22, the photovoltaic panel 1 is fixed by locking bolts 23, thus completing the installation of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0064] When adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, the two rotating outer frames 21 and the sliding inner frame 22 can change with the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1. At the same time, due to the change in the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, the horizontal distance between the two ends of the photovoltaic panel 1 changes, but the horizontal distance between the two rotating outer frames 21 remains unchanged. The sliding inner frame 22, which moves within the rotating outer frame 21, will compensate for the distance shortened or increased due to the change in the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, thus preventing the entire device from jamming due to the change in the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0065] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module installation device for inclined roofs. In this embodiment, the leveling mechanism 6 includes a worm gear 65 and a worm 64. The worm gear 65 is mounted on a rotating pin 52, and the worm 64 is mounted on a roof clamp 4. The worm 64 and the worm gear 65 are meshed together.

[0066] Specifically, in order to achieve the separate installation of the worm gear 65 and the worm 64, the leveling mechanism 6 also includes two second threaded cylinders 61. The two second threaded cylinders 61 are set on the trapezoidal clamp 48. The two ends of the worm 64 are respectively rotatably installed on two angle brackets 63. During installation, the angle brackets 63 are installed on the second threaded cylinders 61 by fixing bolts 62, thus realizing the installation of the worm 64. In addition, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the worm 64, an adjusting nut 67 is also provided at the end of the worm 64.

[0067] Then, the worm gear 65 is installed onto the rotating pin 52 via a sliding key. Then, a cover 66 is used to block the worm gear 65, and the cover 66 is installed onto the end of the rotating pin 52 via a fixing bolt 62 to prevent the worm gear 65 from falling off. To ensure a stable connection between the worm gear 65 and the worm 64, a baffle 68 for limiting the worm gear 65 is also provided on the rotating pin 52.

[0068] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof. In this embodiment, it further includes a controller, a wind sensor and a clock module. The wind sensor is installed on the installation component 2 to detect the ambient wind force and transmit the detected wind force signal to the controller. The clock module is electrically connected to the controller and can obtain local solar terms, date and time information in real time and transmit the information to the controller.

[0069] The controller is a PLC controller with a built-in preset program. It can automatically control the height adjustment mechanism to work according to the wind force signal transmitted by the wind sensor and the time information transmitted by the clock module. When the wind sensor detects that the ambient wind force is greater than the preset threshold (such as level 8 wind), the controller controls the height adjustment mechanism 3 to lower the height of the two installation components 2, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is close to the roof, reducing the impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 1 and the device, avoiding damage to the components, and meeting the wind resistance design requirements of the photovoltaic bracket. When the wind force returns to a safe range, the controller controls the height adjustment mechanism 3 to restore the photovoltaic panel 1 to the preset angle.

[0070] The clock module can calculate the real-time solar angle based on the local latitude, solar term, date and time. The controller automatically controls the two height adjustment mechanisms 3 to adjust the height of the two installation components 2 according to the solar angle, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is perpendicular to the angle of sunlight, thereby maximizing the power generation of the photovoltaic panel 1 and realizing the function of tracking the sun. Compared with the fixed angle photovoltaic panel 1, the power generation efficiency can be increased by 10%-15%. The control accuracy can be optimized by combining machine vision tracking logic to further improve the power generation efficiency.

[0071] In addition, the controller is equipped with a manual control interface, which allows manual adjustment of the photovoltaic panel angle to meet the needs of special scenarios.

[0072] Installation process:

[0073] 1) Base layer pretreatment: Clean the surface of the corrugated steel roof, remove debris, dust and sharp protrusions, etc., inspect the corrugated steel roof to ensure that the roof surface is dry, flat and free of water accumulation. At the same time, check the corrugation spacing of the corrugated steel roof, determine the installation position of the roof clamp 4, and mark the installation points according to the location specified in the drawings to facilitate the subsequent installation of beams and photovoltaic modules.

[0074] 2) Roof clamp 4 installation: Install the trapezoidal clamp 48 across the crest of the corrugated steel sheet, ensuring that the rubber pad 43 on the inner side of the trapezoidal clamp 48 is tightly fitted to the surface of the corrugated steel sheet without gaps; rotate the tightening bolts 41 on both sides, so that the rubber heads of the tightening bolts 41 press against the corrugated steel sheet crest, causing the trapezoidal clamp 48 to hug the crest from both sides inward, forming a wedge-shaped self-locking; connect the air pump to the one-way valve 47, start the air pump, and evacuate the two negative pressure boxes 44 until the air pressure in the negative pressure box 44 is -0.08MPa (negative pressure state), close the one-way valve 47, disconnect the air pump, and complete the fixing of the roof clamp 4; repeat the above steps to install the two rows of roof clamps 4 in sequence, ensuring that the rotating seat 411 of each row of roof clamps 4 is on the same straight line.

[0075] 3) Installation of mounting beam 5: Align the rotating block 51 at the bottom of the mounting beam 5 with the rotating seat 411 of each row of roof clamps 4, and pass the rotating pin 52 through the through hole of the rotating seat 411 and the rotating block 51 to ensure that the mounting beam 5 can rotate flexibly around the rotating pin 52; complete the installation of the two rows of mounting beams 5 according to the above steps. During installation, try to fix all the mounting beams 5 at one time to facilitate the subsequent installation of the height adjustment mechanism 3 and photovoltaic modules.

[0076] 4) Installation of Leveling Mechanism 6: Install the two corner brackets 63 onto the second threaded cylinder 61 of the trapezoidal clamp 48 using fixing bolts 62, ensuring that the corner brackets 63 are securely installed; rotatably install both ends of the worm gear 64 into the bearings of the two corner brackets 63, ensuring that the worm gear 64 rotates flexibly; install the worm wheel 65 onto the rotating pin 52 using a sliding key, adjust the position of the worm wheel 65 to ensure precise meshing between the worm wheel 65 and the worm gear 64, and limit the movement of the worm wheel 65 using a baffle plate 68; install a cover 66 at the end of the rotating pin 52 and fix it with fixing bolts 62 to cover the worm wheel 65 and the sliding key; rotate the adjusting nut 67 at the end of the worm gear 64 to drive the worm wheel 65 and the rotating pin 52 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the mounting beam 5; use a level to check the levelness of the mounting beam 5 until the mounting beam 5 is level, completing the installation and debugging of the leveling mechanism 6.

[0077] 5) Installation of height adjustment mechanism 3: Fix the dual-head motor 32 in the middle of the mounting beam 5, ensuring that the dual-head motor 32 is installed firmly and horizontally; fix the two screws 34 to the two output ends of the dual-head motor 32 respectively, ensuring that the screws 34 are coaxial with the dual-head motor 32; slide the slider 33 in the groove of the mounting beam 5, so that the slider 33 is threadedly connected to the screws 34, adjust the position of the slider 33 so that the sliders 33 on both sides are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the dual-head motor 32; hinge one end of the four connecting rods 31 to the top of the slider 33 and the other end to the bottom of the mounting base 24 respectively, ensuring that the connecting rods 31 are hinged flexibly without jamming; repeat the above steps to complete the installation of height adjustment mechanism 3 on the two rows of mounting beams 5.

[0078] 6) Photovoltaic panel 1 installation: First, insert one end of photovoltaic panel 1 into the lower sliding inner frame 22, and rotate the locking bolt 23 on the sliding inner frame 22 to tighten the locking bolt 23 against the edge of photovoltaic panel 1, thus fixing one end of photovoltaic panel 1. Control the upper height adjustment mechanism 3 through the controller to drive the upper installation component 2 to rise, increasing the distance between the two sliding inner frames 22. When the other end of photovoltaic panel 1 can be aligned with the port of the upper sliding inner frame 22, control the upper installation component 2 to slowly descend, and at the same time adjust the angle of photovoltaic panel 1 so that the other end of photovoltaic panel 1 can be smoothly inserted into the upper sliding inner frame 22. After both ends of photovoltaic panel 1 are fully inserted into the two sliding inner frames 22, rotate the locking bolt 23 on the upper sliding inner frame 22 to tighten photovoltaic panel 1, completing the installation of photovoltaic panel 1. Follow the above steps to complete the installation of all photovoltaic panels 1 in sequence. When installing, place photovoltaic panels 1 in order, with the first photovoltaic panel 1 located on the side. After installation, use the locking bolt 23 to further fix it to ensure that the photovoltaic panel is firmly installed.

[0079] 7) Control module installation: Install the controller on the side of the mounting beam 5, ensuring that the controller is installed firmly and waterproof; install the wind sensor on the top of the mounting assembly 2, ensuring that the wind sensor can accurately detect the ambient wind force; connect the controller, the dual-head motor 32, and the wind sensor with wires, and check whether the wiring connection is firm and correct, avoiding loose or reversed wiring.

[0080] 8) Commissioning and Acceptance: Start the controller and check whether each component is working properly; set the local latitude and solar term information through the clock module, the controller automatically calculates the sunshine angle, controls the height adjustment mechanism 3 to adjust the photovoltaic panel 1 to the optimal power generation angle, check whether the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 1 is flexible and stable, whether the sliding inner frame 22 can compensate for displacement normally, and whether there is any jamming; check whether the roof clamp 4 is loose, whether the negative pressure box 44 is leaking air, and whether the leveling mechanism 6 is stable; after all components are debugged normally, the installation and acceptance are completed.

[0081] Usage process:

[0082] 1. Automatic Mode (Regular Usage Mode)

[0083] 1) Start-up device: When the controller power is turned on, the controller will automatically initialize, the clock module will synchronize with the local time and solar term information, the wind sensor will start to detect the ambient wind force in real time, and the device will enter the automatic operation state.

[0084] 2) Automatic Angle Adjustment: The controller automatically calculates the real-time solar angle based on the time and solar term information transmitted by the clock module and the local latitude, and then controls the dual-head motors 32 of the two height adjustment mechanisms 3 to work. The dual-head motors 32 drive the screws 34 to rotate, causing the sliders 33 to move towards or away from each other, adjusting the angle of the connecting rods 31, and thus adjusting the height of the two mounting components 2 so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is perpendicular to the angle of sunlight, achieving the best power generation efficiency. During this process, the sliding inner frame 22 slides within the rotating outer frame 21 to compensate for the horizontal displacement of the photovoltaic panel 1 during angle adjustment, preventing the device from jamming. The angle adjustment accuracy can be optimized by combining machine vision tracking logic, further improving power generation efficiency.

[0085] 3) Automatic wind protection: When the wind sensor detects that the ambient wind force is greater than the preset threshold (such as level 8 wind), it immediately transmits the wind force signal to the controller. After receiving the signal, the controller controls the dual-head motors 32 of the two height adjustment mechanisms 3 to work in opposite directions, driving the installation component 2 to descend, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is close to the roof, reducing the impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 1 and the device, and preventing damage to the components. When the wind sensor detects that the wind force has returned to a safe range, the controller controls the height adjustment mechanism 3 to restore the photovoltaic panel 1 to the previous optimal power generation angle, ensuring that the power generation efficiency is not affected.

[0086] 4) Daily operation monitoring: The controller monitors the operating status of each component in real time, including the working status of the height adjustment mechanism 3, the negative pressure status of the roof clamp 4, and the signal transmission status of the wind sensor and clock module; if any abnormality occurs (such as air leakage in the negative pressure box 44, motor failure, or signal interruption), the controller will issue an alarm signal to remind the staff to perform maintenance.

[0087] 2. Manual mode (for special scenarios)

[0088] 1) Switching modes: Switch the device to manual mode via the controller's manual control interface, and the automatic mode will be paused.

[0089] 2) Manual Angle Adjustment: By using the control buttons on the controller, the dual-head motors 32 of the two height adjustment mechanisms 3 can be controlled to rotate in both directions to adjust the height of the installation component 2, thereby adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1. During the adjustment process, observe the angle change of the photovoltaic panel 1 until the desired angle is reached, then stop the motor and fix the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0090] 3) Fixture maintenance: Regularly (e.g., every 3 months) check the clamping status of the roof clamp 4. If the trapezoidal clamp 48 is found to be loose, first connect the one-way valve 47 to the air pump to re-extract the air from the negative pressure box 44 and restore the negative pressure state. If the air pump is not carried or the air pump is out of power, the adjusting bolt 410 can be turned with a tool to move the piston plate 49 away from the corrugated steel sheet crest, increase the internal space of the negative pressure box 44, reduce the air pressure, and restore the atmospheric pressure on the trapezoidal clamp 48. At the same time, check the tightness of the tightening bolt 41. If it is loose, tighten it in time to ensure the stability of the wedge self-locking structure. Check the adsorption performance of the getter 45. If the getter 45 is ineffective, replace it in time to ensure the negative pressure maintenance capacity of the negative pressure box 44.

[0091] 4) Component maintenance operation: When it is necessary to replace the photovoltaic panel 1, loosen the locking bolt 23 on the sliding inner frame 22, control the height adjustment mechanism 3 to adjust the height of the two mounting components 2, increase the distance between the two sliding inner frames 22, take out the old photovoltaic panel 1, replace it with the new photovoltaic panel 1, and then fix the photovoltaic panel 1 according to the installation process; when it is necessary to adjust the level of the mounting beam 5, rotate the adjusting nut 67 of the leveling mechanism 6 to drive the worm gear 64 and worm wheel 65 to rotate, and adjust the mounting beam 5 to a horizontal state.

[0092] 3. Shutdown Procedure

[0093] When long-term shutdown is required (such as for maintenance or inclement weather), the height of the installation component 2 is lowered by controlling the height adjustment mechanism 3 through the controller, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is close to the roof; the controller power is turned off and all line connections are disconnected; the roof clamps 4, installation beams 5, leveling mechanism 6 and other components are checked to ensure that they are not loose or damaged, and rust prevention treatment is carried out on easily corroded parts; dust and debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 are cleaned, and the device is protected.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0095] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof, comprising an installation component, a height adjustment mechanism, a roof clamp, an installation beam, and a leveling mechanism, characterized in that, It also includes a controller and a wind sensor, with the controller having a built-in clock module; Multiple roof clamps are installed in two rows on the corrugated steel roof, and each roof clamp is clamped on the crest of the corrugated steel roof. The roof clamp includes a trapezoidal clamp, with a negative pressure box fixedly connected to both sides of the trapezoidal clamp. The opening of the negative pressure box is connected to the inner wall of the trapezoidal clamp. A connecting pipe is connected between the two negative pressure boxes, and a one-way valve is connected to the connecting pipe. A getter is also provided inside the negative pressure box, and a rubber pad is also provided on the inner side of the trapezoidal clamp. The mounting beam is rotatably mounted on each row of roof clamps. The leveling mechanism is installed between the roof clamps and the mounting beam to adjust the mounting beam to a horizontal position. The height adjustment mechanism is installed on the mounting beam. The mounting components are installed on the height adjustment mechanism. The photovoltaic panel is installed between two mounting components. The controller is electrically connected to the height adjustment mechanism and the wind sensor, respectively.

2. The photovoltaic module installation device for inclined roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roof clamp also includes a piston plate, adjusting bolts, tightening bolts, and a first threaded cylinder; The two piston plates are slidably installed in the two negative pressure boxes respectively, and the adjusting bolt is rotatably installed on the piston plate and threadedly connected to the trapezoidal clamp. The getter is installed on the side of the piston plate near the center of the trapezoidal clamp; Multiple first threaded cylinders are fixed on both sides of the trapezoidal clamp, and the tightening bolts are threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinders, with their ends abutting against the rubber pads.

3. The photovoltaic module installation device for inclined roofs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The trapezoidal clamp is provided with a rotating seat at the top, and multiple rotating blocks are fixed at the bottom of the mounting beam. The rotating blocks are rotatably mounted on the rotating seat by rotating pins.

4. The photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof according to claim 3, characterized in that, The leveling mechanism includes a second threaded cylinder, a fixing bolt, a corner bracket, a worm gear, a worm wheel, a cover, and a baffle plate; Two second threaded cylinders are fixed to the top of the trapezoidal clamp. The brackets are mounted on the second threaded cylinders by fixing bolts. The worm is rotatably mounted between the two brackets. The worm wheel is mounted on the rotating pin by a sliding key and meshes with the worm. The baffle is fixed on the rotating pin and is used to limit the worm gear. The baffle is installed on the end of the rotating pin by fixing bolts.

5. The photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height adjustment mechanism includes a connecting rod, a dual-head motor, a slider, and a screw. Multiple sliders are slidably mounted on the mounting beam. At least two connecting rods are provided, symmetrically hinged between the sliders and the mounting assembly. The dual-head motor is mounted in the middle of the mounting beam. Two screws are respectively fixed at both ends of the dual-head motor and threadedly connected to the sliders on both sides. The threads of the two screws are in opposite directions.

6. The photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting components include a rotating outer frame, a sliding inner frame, locking bolts, a mounting base, and sliding holes; The mounting base is hinged to the connecting rod, the rotating outer frame is rotatably mounted on the mounting base, the sliding inner frame is slidably mounted inside the rotating outer frame, the locking bolt is threaded onto the sliding inner frame, and the sliding hole is opened on the rotating outer frame and is adapted to the locking bolt.

7. The photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind sensor is installed on top of the mounting assembly to detect ambient wind force. The clock module is used to acquire local solar terms, date and time information. The controller can control the height adjustment mechanism to lower the height of the photovoltaic panel according to the wind force signal, and control the height adjustment mechanism to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the sunlight angle.

8. The photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trapezoidal clamp, negative pressure box, and mounting beam are all made of high-strength aluminum alloy and have undergone anodizing treatment. The rubber pad is made of EPDM rubber.

9. The photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting beam is made of C-shaped aluminum alloy profile, with a groove on the top. The slider is slidably installed in the groove, and the inner wall of the groove is coated with a wear-resistant coating. The inner side of the sliding inner frame is provided with a flexible buffer pad.

10. The photovoltaic module installation device for a tilted roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is equipped with a manual control interface, which allows manual control of the height adjustment mechanism to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel.

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