A potato harvester

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology and provides a potato combine harvester, including a frame, and a separation device, a sorting device, a temporary storage box, a ton bag device, and a hook ton bag device arranged sequentially on the frame along the front-to-back direction of potato transportation; a power input device is provided at the front end of the frame, the power input device including a main drive shaft and a hydraulic system component; the conveying screen of this invention adopts a combination of transverse and longitudinal directions to solve the problem of the machine's bulkiness; the conveying screen bars adopt a combination of wrapped rubber and comb rubber to reduce damage to the potato skin; the vine separation device adopts a mesh vibration structure to make the separation of potato and vine more thorough; the manual picking conveying screen is equipped with a hydraulic speed adjustment device, which allows manual adjustment of the conveying screen speed according to the potato yield and the amount of impurities, so as to achieve more efficient and cleaner picking operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a potato combine harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Potatoes are the fourth largest staple crop after rice, wheat, and corn, and are of great strategic importance to ensuring my country's food security. Meanwhile, with China's grain output repeatedly reaching new highs in recent years, the industrialization of potatoes as a staple food product has attracted considerable global attention. However, the current level of mechanization in potato production needs improvement, especially the shortage of combine harvesters, which is the biggest obstacle to the industry's development.

[0003] Harvesting potatoes is a labor-intensive, time-consuming, physically demanding operation with a short suitable harvest period and high agronomic requirements. However, in China's potato-growing regions, potato yields are not only enormous, but there is also a shortage of land, population, and labor. Currently, potato harvesting in many areas still relies on a system consisting of digging shovels, vibrating separators, and wheels to complete processes such as digging potatoes, separating soil and potatoes through vibration, and laying potatoes in rows on the ground. Afterward, the potatoes must be manually picked up, sorted, bagged, and transported. This type of machinery is mainly suitable for small plots of land, requiring a large number of personnel. The dug potatoes urgently need to be manually picked up and bagged, resulting in high labor intensity, poor work quality, and increased frost damage if temperatures drop.

[0004] With the rapid development of the potato industry towards industrialization, intensification, and large-scale production, various potato combine harvesters have emerged. However, current potato combine harvesters mainly suffer from problems such as large size, complex structure, low operating efficiency, easy tipping during unloading of ton-sized packages, significant damage to potato skins, and poor separation of potato vines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a potato combine harvester, including a frame, and a separation device, a sorting device, a temporary storage box, a ton bag device, and a hook ton bag device arranged sequentially on the frame along the front-back direction of potato transportation;

[0006] The front end of the frame is provided with a power input device, which includes a main drive shaft and hydraulic system components;

[0007] The separation device is driven by the main drive shaft; the sorting device and the temporary storage box are driven by the hydraulic system components' motors.

[0008] The ton bag device is located behind the temporary storage box and its lifting is controlled by the hydraulic system components. The hook ton bag device is located above and behind the ton bag device.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the separation device includes a first vibration separation device, a seedling removal device, and a second separation device;

[0010] The power input device further includes a transmission gearbox, a first transmission assembly, and a second transmission assembly; the main drive shaft transmits power to the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly respectively through the transmission gearbox; the first vibration separation device is connected to the first transmission assembly, and the second separation device and the seedling removal device are connected to the second transmission assembly.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the first vibration separation device is disposed below the frame; the seedling removal device is connected end to end with the first vibration separation device, and the head of the seedling removal device is lower than the tail of the first vibration separation device and overlaps with it.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the sorting device includes a first transverse sorting device, a first longitudinal sorting device, a second transverse sorting device, and a pick-up sorting device;

[0013] The first horizontal sorting device, the first vertical sorting device, the second horizontal sorting device, the picking and sorting device, and the temporary storage box are arranged in a stepped manner behind the second separation device.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the first vibration separation device, the second separation device, the first transverse sorting device, the first longitudinal sorting device, the second transverse sorting device, the picking and sorting device, the temporary storage box, the ton bag device, and the hook ton bag device are all arranged in the same annular upward direction of the potato combine harvester.

[0015] In one preferred embodiment, the ton bag device includes a lifting frame and a lifting cylinder assembly;

[0016] The lower part of the lifting frame is arranged with multiple sets of rotating rollers that can rotate automatically. The lifting cylinder assembly is located on both sides of the lifting frame and is controlled by the hydraulic system assembly for lifting and lowering.

[0017] Sensors are installed on the platform where the multiple sets of rotating rollers are located. The sensors are configured to detect the weight of the ton bag in order to control the automatic lifting and lowering of the lifting cylinder assembly.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the hook-and-loop bag device includes a hydraulic winch, which controls the flow of hydraulic oil through a multi-way valve stem via the hydraulic system components to extend and retract the rope.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the front end of the first vibration separation device is further provided with a digging device and a grass-cutting disc; the grass-cutting disc is configured to cut the potato vines and weeds on both sides of the machine.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the seedling removal device adopts a mesh screen chain structure, and a vibration component is installed on the side plate of the seedling removal device to vibrate and separate the potato seedlings conveyed by the first vibration separation device.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the potato combine harvester further includes a rear axle system, which includes a steering axle, a steering hydraulic assembly, and steering tires; the steering hydraulic assembly is used to drive the steering tires to achieve driving steering and vehicle leveling (reducing the turning radius of the harvester).

[0022] The picking and sorting device is configured to be driven by a hydraulic system component and combined with a speed regulating device to achieve stepless speed regulation. Guardrails are provided on the left and right sides of the picking and sorting device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] This invention features a conveyor screen with a combination of wrapped rubber and comb-brush rubber to reduce damage to the potato skin; a vine separation device with a mesh vibration structure for more thorough vine separation; a manual picking conveyor screen with a hydraulic speed control device, allowing manual adjustment of the screen speed based on potato yield and impurity levels for more efficient and cleaner picking; a rear-end ton bag device with sensor-controlled hydraulic adjustment for automatic up-and-down lifting based on ton bag weight to reduce damage from falling potatoes; and a ton bag unloading device with a hydraulic hook for high unloading efficiency while ensuring stable unloading of the ton bags to the ground without tipping over. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This invention provides an overall structural schematic diagram of a potato combine harvester;

[0026] Figure 2 This invention provides an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the first vibration separation device of a potato combine harvester;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the first transverse sorting device of a potato combine harvester provided by the present invention.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. Hook-on ton bag device; 2. Ton bag device; 3. Temporary storage box; 4. Pick-up and sorting device; 5. Seedling removal device; 6. Second separation device; 7. Second transverse sorting device; 8. First vibration separation device; 9. Frame; 10. Main drive shaft; 11. Cutting disc; 12. Rear axle system; 13. First longitudinal sorting device; 14. First transverse sorting device. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment provides a technical solution: a potato combine harvester, including: a frame 9, and a separation device, a sorting device, a temporary storage box 3, a ton bag device 2 and a hook ton bag device 1 arranged sequentially on the frame 9 along the front and rear direction of potato transportation;

[0032] The front end of the frame 9 is provided with a power input device, which includes a main drive shaft 10 and a hydraulic system assembly;

[0033] The separation device is driven by the main drive shaft 10; the sorting device and the temporary storage box 3 are driven by the hydraulic system components and the motor directly transmits power.

[0034] The ton bag device 2 is located behind the temporary storage box 3 and its lifting is controlled by a hydraulic system component. The hook ton bag device 1 is located above and behind the ton bag device 2.

[0035] In use, by sequentially setting up a separation device, a sorting device, a temporary storage box 3, a ton bag device 2, and a hook ton bag device 1, integrated continuous operation from potato digging, separation, sorting to bagging is achieved. Simultaneously, the power input device divides the power into two paths: the separation device receives mechanical power from the main drive shaft 10, ensuring stable operation of the separation process in heavy-load soil environments; the sorting device and the temporary storage box 3 are driven by hydraulic system components, facilitating flexible adjustment of the operating speed and improving the coordination of the various components of the equipment.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the separation device includes a first vibration separation device 8, a seedling removal device 5, and a second separation device 6.

[0037] The power input device also includes a transmission gearbox, a first transmission assembly, and a second transmission assembly; the main drive shaft 10 transmits power to the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly respectively through the transmission gearbox; the first vibration separation device 8 is connected to the first transmission assembly, and the second separation device 6 and the seedling removal device 5 are connected to the second transmission assembly. The power of the main drive shaft 10 is transmitted to the first vibration separation device 8, the seedling removal device 5, and the second separation device 6 respectively through the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly, realizing the modular mechanical drive of the separation process.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the first vibration separation device 8 is disposed below the frame 9; the seedling removal device 5 is connected end to end with the first vibration separation device 8, and the head of the seedling removal device 5 is lower than the tail of the first vibration separation device 8 and overlaps with it; the second separation device 6 is placed inside the seedling removal device 5, and the first vibration separation device 8 and the seedling removal device 5 are connected end to end with a height difference and overlap, so that the material falls during the conveying process, which helps to further crush the soil and separate impurities.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the sorting device includes a first lateral sorting device 14, a first longitudinal sorting device 13, a second lateral sorting device 7, and a pick-up sorting device 4.

[0040] The first horizontal sorting device 14, the first vertical sorting device 13, the second horizontal sorting device 7, the picking and sorting device 4, and the temporary storage box 3 are arranged in a stepped manner behind the second separation device 6. The stepped arrangement of the first horizontal sorting device 14, the first vertical sorting device 13, the second horizontal sorting device 7, and the picking and sorting device 4 causes the potatoes to change direction and turn slightly during the flow process, effectively avoiding local accumulation of potatoes and making the material distribution more uniform.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the first vibration separation device 8, the second separation device 6, the first transverse sorting device 14, the first longitudinal sorting device 13, the second transverse sorting device 7, the picking and sorting device 4, the temporary storage box 3, the ton bag device 2, and the hook ton bag device 1 are all arranged in the same annular upward direction of the potato combine harvester. All the main operating devices are arranged in the same annular upward direction of the machine, which standardizes the material conveying path, reduces the blind spots and obstructions in the material conveying process, and maintains the smooth flow of the entire material flow process.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the ton bag device 2 includes a lifting frame and a lifting cylinder assembly;

[0043] The lower part of the lifting frame is equipped with multiple sets of rotating rollers that can rotate automatically. The lifting cylinder assembly is located on both sides of the lifting frame and is controlled by the hydraulic system assembly for lifting and lowering.

[0044] Sensors are installed on the platform where multiple sets of rotating rollers are located. The sensors are configured to detect the weight of the ton bag to control the lifting cylinder assembly to automatically lift and lower. The ton bag device 2 is equipped with sensors on the platform of multiple sets of rotating rollers, which can detect the loading weight in real time and feed it back to the hydraulic system assembly to control the lifting cylinder assembly to drive the lifting frame to automatically descend. This keeps the drop of potatoes into the ton bag at a low level and reduces the damage to the skin of potatoes caused by falling.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the hook-and-loop baggage device 1 includes a hydraulic winch. The hydraulic winch controls the flow of hydraulic oil through a multi-way valve stem via a hydraulic system component to extend and retract the rope. By controlling the extension and retraction of the rope through the hydraulic winch, the hook-and-loop baggage device 1 can smoothly lift and place the full baggage on the ground. This changes the traditional tipping unloading method, avoiding damage to potatoes and equipment instability during the unloading process, and improving the safety of full-load unloading operations.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the front end of the first vibration separation device 8 is also provided with a digging device and a grass cutting disc 11; the grass cutting disc 11 is configured to cut the potato vines and weeds on both sides of the machine. The grass cutting disc 11 is provided at the front end of the first vibration separation device 8, which can cut the potato vines and weeds on both sides of the machine before the digging device operates, reducing the occurrence of weeds and vines entangled in the machine transmission parts, and ensuring the continuity of subsequent digging and separation operations.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the seedling removal device 5 adopts a mesh screen chain structure. A vibration component is installed on the side plate of the seedling removal device 5 to vibrate and separate the potato seedlings conveyed by the first vibration separation device 8. The seedling removal device 5 adopts a mesh screen chain structure and cooperates with the vibration component on the side plate to increase the vibration action during the material is conveyed backward, which can more fully shake off the fine soil and residual potato seedlings attached to the potatoes, thereby improving the cleanliness of the seedling removal process.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the potato combine harvester also includes a rear axle system 12, which is disposed below the second separating device 6; the rear axle system 12 includes a steering axle, a steering hydraulic assembly, and steering tires; the steering hydraulic assembly is used to drive the steering tires to achieve driving steering and vehicle leveling;

[0049] The picking and sorting device 4 is configured to be driven by a hydraulic system component and combined with a speed regulating device to achieve stepless speed regulation. Guardrails are set on the left and right sides of the picking and sorting device 4. The rear axle system 12 enables the machine to drive the steering tires through the steering hydraulic component for driving and steering and body leveling, which enhances the adaptability of the equipment in uneven farmland terrain. The stepless speed regulation function of the picking and sorting device 4 allows the operator to flexibly adjust the conveyor belt speed according to the actual potato yield of the plot. Combined with the guardrail design, it ensures the operational needs and safety of manual assisted sorting operations.

[0050] Working principle: During operation, the power of this equipment is input from the main drive shaft 10 at the front end and the hydraulic system components. As the frame 9 moves forward, the cutting disc 11 at the front end first cuts the potato vines and weeds on both sides of the machine, and the digging device shovels up the mixture of potatoes, soil and weeds and transports it to the rear.

[0051] The shoveled mixture first enters the first vibrating separator 8; the main drive shaft 10 directly drives the first vibrating separator 8 for vibrating screening via a gearbox and the first transmission assembly. After preliminary screening, the material is conveyed backward and falls onto the vine-removing device 5, which overlaps with the tail of the first vibrating separator 8 and is positioned lower; the second transmission assembly drives the mesh screen chain of the vine-removing device 5 to operate, while simultaneously vibrating and separating the potato vines during the conveying process via the vibrating assembly on the side plate. Next, the material continues to fall downward into the second separator 6 for further screening. In the above separation stages, the first vibrating separator 8, the vine-removing device 5, and the second separator 6 are all driven by mechanical transmission.

[0052] After separation, the potatoes continue to be conveyed to the rear, entering the sorting stage driven by a hydraulic system component. The potatoes are conveyed in a stepped manner along the same circular upward direction, passing sequentially through the first transverse sorting device 14, the first longitudinal sorting device 13, and the second transverse sorting device 7, before entering the picking and sorting device 4. During the operation of the picking and sorting device 4, it is driven by a hydraulic system component combined with a speed regulating device to perform continuously variable speed operation, enabling the picking of impurities within the guardrail. During this operation, the rear axle system 12, located below the second separation device 6, uses a steering hydraulic component to drive the steering tires to perform driving steering and vehicle leveling actions.

[0053] After sorting, the potatoes are collected in temporary storage box 3 and then fall into the ton bagging device 2 located behind it for bagging. The ton bags are supported by multiple sets of rollers below the lifting frame. As potatoes are continuously loaded, sensors on the roller platforms monitor the weight of the ton bags in real time and transmit signals to the hydraulic system components. This controls the lifting cylinder components on both sides of the lifting frame to automatically lower the lifting frame and the ton bags gradually. When the ton bags are full, the hydraulic system components control the valve stem of the multi-way valve to drive the hook ton bagging device 1 located at the rear and upper part. The hydraulic winch of the hook ton bagging device 1 operates to retract and extend the rope, smoothly lifting the full ton bags out and lowering them to the ground to complete the unloading. The entire machine operates continuously in this process to complete the integrated harvesting operation.

[0054] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art. The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potato combine harvester, characterized in that, Includes a frame (9), and a separation device, a sorting device, a temporary storage box (3), a ton bag device (2) and a hook ton bag device (1) arranged sequentially on the frame (9) along the front and back direction of potato transportation; The front end of the frame (9) is provided with a power input device, which includes a main drive shaft (10) and a hydraulic system assembly; The separation device is driven by the main drive shaft (10); the sorting device and the temporary storage box (3) are driven by the hydraulic system component's drive motor. The ton bag device (2) is located behind the temporary storage box (3) and is controlled to lift by the hydraulic system components. The hook ton bag device (1) is located above and behind the ton bag device (2).

2. The potato combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation device includes a first vibration separation device (8), a seedling removal device (5), and a second separation device (6); The power input device further includes a gearbox, a first transmission component, and a second transmission component; the main drive shaft (10) transmits power to the first transmission component and the second transmission component respectively through the gearbox; the first vibration separation device (8) is connected to the first transmission component, and the second separation device (6) and the seedling removal device (5) are connected to the second transmission component.

3. A potato combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first vibration separation device (8) is located below the frame (9); the seedling removal device (5) is connected end to end to the first vibration separation device (8), and the head of the seedling removal device (5) is lower than the tail of the first vibration separation device (8) and overlaps with it.

4. A potato combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sorting device includes a first horizontal sorting device (14), a first vertical sorting device (13), a second horizontal sorting device (7), and a picking and sorting device (4). The first horizontal sorting device (14), the first vertical sorting device (13), the second horizontal sorting device (7), the picking and sorting device (4), and the temporary storage box (3) are arranged in a stepped manner behind the second separation device (6).

5. A potato combine harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first vibration separation device (8), the second separation device (6), the first transverse sorting device (14), the first longitudinal sorting device (13), the second transverse sorting device (7), the picking and sorting device (4), the temporary storage box (3), the ton bag device (2), and the hook ton bag device (1) are all located in the same annular upward direction of the potato combine harvester.

6. A potato combine harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ton bag device (2) includes a lifting frame and a lifting cylinder assembly; The lower part of the lifting frame is arranged with multiple sets of rotating rollers that can rotate automatically. The lifting cylinder assembly is located on both sides of the lifting frame and is controlled by the hydraulic system assembly for lifting and lowering. Sensors are installed on the platform where the multiple sets of rotating rollers are located. The sensors are configured to detect the weight of the ton bag in order to control the automatic lifting and lowering of the lifting cylinder assembly.

7. A potato combine harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hook-and-bag device (1) includes a hydraulic winch, which controls the flow of hydraulic oil through the valve stem of the multi-way valve via the hydraulic system components to extend and retract the rope.

8. A potato combine harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The front end of the first vibration separation device (8) is also provided with a digging device and a grass cutting disc (11); the grass cutting disc (11) is configured to cut the potato vines and weeds on both sides of the machine.

9. A potato combine harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The seedling removal device (5) adopts a mesh screen chain structure. A vibration component is installed on the side plate of the seedling removal device (5) to vibrate and separate the potato seedlings conveyed by the first vibration separation device (8).

10. A potato combine harvester according to claim 9, characterized in that: The potato combine harvester also includes a rear axle system (12), which is located below the second separating device (6); the rear axle system (12) includes a steering axle, a steering hydraulic assembly, and steering tires; the steering hydraulic assembly is used to drive the steering tires to achieve driving steering and vehicle leveling; The picking and sorting device (4) is configured to be driven by a hydraulic system component and combined with a speed regulating device to achieve stepless speed regulation operation. Guardrails are provided on the left and right sides of the picking and sorting device (4).

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