Animal feed containing dextran and a method for its preparation

Abstract

This invention discloses an animal feed containing β-glucan and its preparation method, belonging to the field of animal feed technology. This invention utilizes β-glucan to activate innate immunity, post-biotics to train the immune system, and spirulina to provide immunopolysaccharides and phycocyanin. These three components together form a three-dimensional immune-enhancing network, synergistically strengthening immune function. Furthermore, β-glucan can also function as a prebiotic, inhibiting pathogens and strengthening the immune barrier through the addition of post-biotics, while barley grass powder provides dietary fiber, collectively maintaining intestinal flora balance, optimizing intestinal health, and maintaining the integrity of the physical barrier. Based on improved immunity and intestinal health, combined with balanced nutrition, this improves animal growth performance, especially during stressful periods such as weaning, transportation, and feed changes, promoting growth and stress resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of animal feed technology, specifically relating to an animal feed containing dextran and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Animal feed refers to substances or products used to feed animals, including additives, finished products, semi-finished products, or raw materials. Solid functional ingredients in animal feed commonly suffer from poor dispersibility, poor suspension, easy aggregation, and nutritional imbalance. Solid functional ingredients in animal feed are usually added through physical mixing, but due to significant differences in density, particle size, and polarity among the components, achieving molecular-level fusion is difficult, leading to uneven nutrient distribution and affecting animal absorption. Uneven dispersion can easily cause inactivation or improper release of functional ingredients. Existing technologies generally employ microencapsulation, spray drying, and surface modification to improve the dispersibility and stability of functional ingredients. However, these methods suffer from complex processes, high technical difficulty, and poor versatility. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing solid functional components in animal feed, such as poor dispersibility, poor suspension, easy aggregation, and nutritional imbalance, and to provide an animal feed containing glucan.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an animal feed containing glucan, wherein the animal feed, by weight parts, comprises 40-50 parts of 75% maltose syrup, 5-15 parts of F55 fructose syrup, 10-20 parts of water, 5-10 parts of soybean oil, 0.1-2 parts of emulsifier, 0.1-1 part of thickener, 1.5-2.5 parts of sugar, 0.5-1 part of β-glucan, 1-2 parts of post-biotic, 2-3 parts of spirulina powder, 3-10 parts of barley grass powder, 0.01-1 part of vitamin, 0.1-1 part of mineral, and 0.1-0.5 parts of preservative. The weight ratio of β-glucan, post-biotic, and spirulina powder is 0.5-1:1-2:2.5; the post-biotic is Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 post-biotic.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the glucan-containing animal feed of the present invention, the animal feed comprises, by weight parts, 45 parts of 75% maltose syrup, 10 parts of F55 fructose syrup, 15 parts of water, 6 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of emulsifier, 0.5 parts of thickener, 1.5-2.5 parts of sugar, 0.5-1 part of β-glucan, 1-2 parts of post-biotic, 2-3 parts of spirulina powder, 6 parts of barley grass powder, 0.01-1 part of vitamin, 0.1-1 part of mineral, and 0.4 parts of preservative; wherein the weight ratio of β-glucan, post-biotic, and spirulina powder is 0.5-1:1-2:2.5.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the glucan-containing animal feed of the present invention, the emulsifier includes one or more of soybean lecithin, cephalin, sodium inositol phosphatidylcholine, and sodium dehydrocholate; the thickener includes one or more of xanthan gum, carrageenan, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, konjac glucomannan, and chitosan.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the glucan-containing animal feed of the present invention, the mass ratio of β-glucan, post-biotic and barley seedling powder is 0.5~1∶1~2∶6.2.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the glucan-containing animal feed of the present invention, wherein the vitamin is V B6 The mineral in question is zinc methionine.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the glucan-containing animal feed of the present invention, the amount of vitamins and minerals added is determined according to the type and growth stage of the animal to which the feed is applied, in accordance with nutritional standards.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the dextran-containing animal feed of the present invention, the preservative includes one or more of potassium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate, and citric acid.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the glucan-containing animal feed of the present invention, the animal feed is fed alone or in combination with other basic feeds.

[0014] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing solid functional components in animal feed, such as poor dispersibility, poor suspension, easy aggregation, and nutritional imbalance, and to provide a method for preparing animal feed containing dextran.

[0015] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing animal feed containing dextran, the preparation method comprising the following steps: Aqueous phase preparation: Slowly heat 75% maltose syrup, F55 fructose syrup and water to 60~70℃ and stir until completely dissolved.

[0016] Emulsification: Add the emulsifier to soybean oil, heat it slightly to dissolve it, and slowly add the oil phase to the aqueous phase under shear conditions to obtain an emulsion.

[0017] Thickening: Pre-mix sugar and thickener dry, then slowly sprinkle into the above emulsion under shear conditions, and continue shearing for 5 to 10 minutes to form a colloidal base.

[0018] Pretreatment and addition of solid functional components: After the strain and the wall material maltodextrin are mixed, they are homogenized under high pressure at 20~40MPa to form a uniform and stable emulsion. Then, they are spray-dried at 140℃~180℃ to obtain the post-generic. Barley grass powder is used as a carrier and is diluted and premixed with all the powdered raw materials β-glucan, spirulina powder and post-generic in a stepwise manner to ensure that all powders are mixed evenly. Under stirring, the premixed solid powder is slowly added to the above-mentioned warm colloidal base.

[0019] Homogenization: The entire system is homogenized at a pressure of 20-40 MPa and a rotation speed of 1500-3000 rpm for 10-30 minutes.

[0020] Post-processing and filling: After the system cools down to below 40°C, add vitamins, minerals and preservatives, stir well, and fill while still warm to obtain animal feed containing glucan.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing the dextran-containing animal feed of the present invention, the method further includes vacuum degassing after homogenization.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing the dextran-containing animal feed of the present invention, the shearing speed is 1000~2000 rpm and the stirring speed is 250~500 rpm.

[0023] Beneficial effects of this invention: This invention utilizes β-glucan to activate innate immunity, post-biotics to train the immune system, and spirulina to provide immunopolysaccharides and phycocyanin. These three components together form a three-dimensional immune-enhancing network, synergistically strengthening immune function. Furthermore, β-glucan also functions as a prebiotic, inhibiting pathogens and strengthening the immune barrier through the addition of post-biotics, while barley grass powder provides dietary fiber, collectively maintaining gut microbiota balance and optimizing gut health and physical barrier integrity. Based on improved immunity and gut health, combined with balanced nutrition, this enhances animal growth performance, especially during stressful periods such as weaning, transportation, and feed changes, promoting growth and stress resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is an experimental diagram illustrating the complementary effects of spirulina powder and barley grass powder. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples in the specification.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in this invention are commercially available.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment aims to screen a feed-grade immune enhancer, specifically identifying the most suitable macrophage activating supplement from currently available mainstream immunomodulatory ingredients. Macrophages are the first line of defense in an animal's innate immune system, and their activation state directly determines the body's ability to recognize and eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. Highly effective macrophage activating supplements can significantly enhance an animal's disease resistance during high-stress periods such as weaning and regrouping.

[0031] All experimental groups used the same basic feed carrier (a standard corn-soybean meal diet without any immunomodulatory components), and each supplement to be screened was added according to its conventional recommended dosage in the industry.

[0032] Table 1. Composition and nutrient levels of basal diets (standard corn-soybean meal diet) (air-dried basal %)

[0033] 1 Vitamin premix provides: V per kilogram of compound feed A 9000 IU; V D3 3000 IU; V E 20 IU; V K3 3.0mg; V B1 1.5mg; V B2 4.0mg; V B6 3.0mg; V B120.2mg; Niacin 30.0mg; Pantothenic acid 15.0mg; Folic acid 0.75mg; Biotin 0.1mg.

[0034] 2 The mineral premix provides the following per kilogram of compound feed: Fe (FeSO4·H2O) 100.0 mg; Cu (CuSO4·5H2O) 6.0 mg; Zn (Zn·H2O) 100.0 mg; Mn (Mn·H2O) 4.0 mg; I (KI) 0.14 mg; Se (Na2SeO3) 0.3 mg.

[0035] 3 The nutritional levels of the feed are calculated values.

[0036] The experimental sample setup was as follows: A-0 was fed only with basal feed (blank control); A-1 was supplemented with 1 mg / kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (positive control); A-2 was supplemented with 0.5 mg / kg CpGODN; A-3 was supplemented with 20 mg / kg levamisole; A-4 was supplemented with 500 mg / kg astragalus polysaccharide; A-5 was supplemented with 500 mg / kg mannan oligosaccharide; A-6 was supplemented with 500 mg / kg chitosan; A-7 was supplemented with 500 mg / kg β-glucan.

[0037] Macrophage phagocytosis rate measures whether macrophages are activated; only activated macrophages will show a significantly enhanced ability to phagocytose foreign bodies. TNF-α represents pro-inflammatory capacity, and IL-10 represents anti-inflammatory capacity. The ratio of the two, the inflammatory factor ratio (TNF-α / IL-10), can assess whether the immune response is excessive. Not affecting growth (feed intake) is a prerequisite for the application of additives. During the experiment, it is also necessary to record the daily feed intake change rate to analyze palatability.

[0038] Table 2

[0039] Among them, β-glucan has a high macrophage phagocytic rate and can increase the food intake of experimental samples, and the ratio of inflammatory factors is low, which is a mild defensive increase. Therefore, it was finally selected as a macrophage activating supplement.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] β-glucan exhibits superior macrophage activation efficacy (phagocytosis rate of 58.74%) and good palatability. However, experimental data also show that the inflammatory factor ratio (TNF-α / IL-10) in the β-glucan-only group was 1.47, slightly higher than the physiological equilibrium value (approximately 1.0), and the improvement in intestinal barrier indicators was limited. To eliminate the potential inflammatory risks associated with immune initiation and further strengthen the intestinal physical barrier, this experiment aims to screen for a stabilizing component that can produce a synergistic effect with β-glucan.

[0042] The optimal component selected in Example 1, namely the basic feed + 500 mg / kg β-glucan, was used as the blank control group (B-0) in this experiment. Based on B-0, commercially available intestinal repair or anti-inflammatory additives were added to examine their beneficial effects on inflammation level restoration and barrier repair.

[0043] Experimental sample settings: B-1 with an additional 1000 mg / kg sodium butyrate; B-2 with an additional 0.5% glutamine; B-3 with an additional 1600 mg / kg zinc oxide; B-4 with an additional 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ mg / kg zinc oxide. 9 CFU / kg live Lactobacillus plantarum; B-5 with an additional 1000mg / kg of ordinary lactic acid bacteria inactivated powder (without special treatment); B-6 with an additional 1000mg / kg of inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum powder.

[0044] D-lactic acid is a metabolic product of intestinal bacteria. Under normal circumstances, it cannot pass through the intestinal wall. The lower the content, the more intact the intestinal physical barrier (mechanical barrier). The ability to eliminate the stimulation caused by glucan is judged by TNF-α and IL-10. The abundance of lactic acid bacteria in cecal chyme is used to examine the effect of additives on the proliferation of endogenous beneficial bacteria.

[0045] Table 3

[0046] Among them, the inactivated Lactobacillus powder showed the best performance in reducing the D-lactate and inflammation-reducing ratio, successfully alleviating the potential inflammatory risks posed by β-glucan. However, this ratio is still far from the ideal deep anti-inflammatory homeostasis (<0.3), indicating that the efficacy of general-purpose inactivated bacterial powder is insufficient, and further optimization targeting specific metabiotic strains with stronger immunomodulatory activity is needed in subsequent experiments.

[0047] Example 3: Screening Experiment of Metabiotic Strains

[0048] While general-purpose inactivated lactic acid bacteria can improve inflammatory conditions, their efficacy is not yet at its peak. This embodiment aims to screen for specific strains from postbiotics of different species and processing methods that can maximally induce IL-10 secretion and achieve deep anti-inflammatory and stabilizing effects. Using B-0 as C-0, equal amounts of postbiotic preparations from different sources or processes were added.

[0049] C-1 consists of Lactobacillus acidophilus that has been inactivated at high temperature (65℃, 30~90min); C-2 consists of Lactobacillus casei that has been inactivated at high temperature (100~105℃, 2h); C-3 consists of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall (conventional autolysis method); and C-4 consists of 1000mg / kg of microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 that has been spray-dried.

[0050] The complete process of spray-dried microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 is as follows: Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 is mixed with maltodextrin wall material and homogenized under high pressure at 20~40MPa to form a uniform and stable emulsion, and then spray-dried at 140℃~180℃.

[0051] This embodiment focuses on detecting serum IL-10 levels (to examine anti-inflammatory peak) and D-lactic acid (to examine the barrier repair limit) to screen for metabiotic strains that can suppress the inflammation ratio to the lowest level.

[0052] Table 4

[0053] The experimental results showed that the immunomodulatory capacity of postbiotics from different strains varied significantly. Sample C-4 showed a decrease in D-lactic acid to 2.35 μg / mL, while the expression level of the tight junction protein ZO-1 mRNA was significantly increased by 2.25-fold, confirming its superior physical barrier repair mechanism at the molecular level. It induced optimal innate immune defense (highest expression of Defensin-α) and anti-inflammatory stabilizing effects, indicating that *Lactobacillus plantarum* L-137 was the best strain for synergistic effects with β-glucan.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] The functional carrier matrix provides antioxidants (such as phycocyanin and flavonoids) to scavenge excess free radicals generated by the immune response, further reducing inflammation levels; it also acts as a high-quality prebiotic to regulate the gut microbiota structure. During processing, it serves as the solid framework of the ointment, providing suitable suspending force and thixotropy to prevent the sedimentation of active ingredients.

[0056] This experiment aimed to screen out the optimal auxiliary components that combine the aforementioned advantages from a variety of common feed ingredients. A basic feed plus 500 mg / kg β-glucan and 1000 mg / kg L-137 post-biotic was used as the blank control (D-0). Based on D-0, appropriate proportions of auxiliary ingredients were added according to the conventional application dosage and physical properties of each ingredient in compound feed.

[0057] Experimental sample settings: D-1 with 5% defatted rice bran; D-2 ​​with 1% Chlorella powder; D-3 with 2% Spirulina powder; D-4 with 5% puffed soybean powder; D-5 with 3% mulberry leaf powder; D-6 with 5% barley grass powder; D-7 with 2% microcrystalline cellulose; D-8 with 4% alfalfa powder; D-9 with 1.5% kelp powder.

[0058] The immune activation process generates free radicals (ROS). If these radicals are not cleared in time, they can cause tissue damage and maintain inflammation. Serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) is used to screen raw materials with strong antioxidant activity. Cecal lactic acid bacteria abundance is used to determine whether the carrier can be effectively fermented by beneficial bacteria. The ratio of inflammatory factors and feed conversion rate are used for comprehensive evaluation.

[0059] Table 5

[0060] Among them, Chlorella powder had the strongest antioxidant effect, but its poor digestibility led to a deterioration in the FCR to 1.72. Mulberry leaf powder had the best anti-inflammatory effect, but anti-nutritional factors inhibited growth. Alfalfa powder had the best prebiotic effect, but saponins affected palatability. In contrast, although spirulina powder and barley grass powder ranked second or third in most individual indicators, they combined excellent anti-inflammatory / antioxidant capabilities with lactic acid bacteria proliferation capabilities, and had the best feed conversion ratio (1.35~1.36). Given their highly complementary functions and extremely high safety, it was ultimately decided to use a combination of spirulina powder and barley grass powder to achieve dual optimization of immune homeostasis and intestinal ecology through synergistic effects.

[0061] Example 5: Screening Experiment of Spirulina Powder and Barley Grass Powder Ratio

[0062] Spirulina powder and barley grass powder have significant functional complementarity. This experiment aims to explore the synergistic effect of the two at different addition ratios.

[0063] The experiment used a basal feed plus 500 mg / kg β-glucan plus 1000 mg / kg post-biotic L-137 as a constant substrate. Considering that spirulina has a distinctive fishy smell and is relatively expensive, the recommended upper limit of its addition of 0.8% was defined as 1 part by weight, with 1 part for a total of 11 levels. Considering that barley grass powder has strong water absorption and that excessive addition would affect the physical properties of the paste, the recommended upper limit of its addition of 1.5% was defined as 1 part by weight, also with 1 part for a total of 11 levels. A total of 121 experimental groups were formed by cross-combining the two.

[0064] The study used serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) to examine the antioxidant synergistic effect dominated by Spirulina, the inflammatory factor ratio (TNF-α / IL-10) to examine the deep stabilization effect of combined anti-inflammation, the abundance of lactic acid bacteria to examine the microecological optimization effect dominated by barley seedlings, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) to examine the comprehensive impact on growth performance.

[0065] Test results are as follows Figure 1As shown, through spatial surface extrema calculation, the peak value of serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) is located at coordinates (4.52, 4.83), indicating that a higher addition amount is more conducive to scavenging free radicals; the lowest point (optimal point) of the inflammatory factor ratio (Ratio) is located at coordinates (3.04, 3.87), under which immune homeostasis is optimal; the abundance of lactic acid bacteria is dominated by barley seedling fiber, and its peak value is biased towards the high position of the Y-axis, located at coordinates (2.48, 5.97); the feed conversion ratio (FCR) is constrained by palatability and physical properties, and its lowest point (optimal point) is located in the low-dose region (2.52, 2.80).

[0066] By calculating the average value, the optimal coordinates were determined to be (3.14, 4.17). Based on the concentration conversion relationship set in the experiment (1 part X-axis = 0.8%, 1 part Y-axis = 1.5%), the actual addition amount corresponding to this coordinate was: Spirulina powder 3.14 × 0.8% ≈ 2.5%; Barley grass powder 4.12 × 1.5% ≈ 6.2%. Considering the precision of ingredient formulation in industrial production and the adsorption characteristics of barley grass powder as a carrier, a standard compound concentration of 2.5% Spirulina powder and 6.2% barley grass powder was finally selected as the standard compound concentration to achieve the best balance between immune efficacy and growth performance.

[0067] Example 6

[0068] Based on the core immune functional groups (β-glucan, post-biotic L-137, spirulina powder, and barley grass powder) identified in the above screening experiments, a high-viscosity syrup colloidal matrix system (including malt syrup, fructose syrup, soybean oil, emulsifiers, etc.) was introduced to construct a high-concentration immune-enhancing paste, which is recommended to be added to conventional basic feed at a ratio of 1:9. The colloidal matrix preparation technology, similar to sugar refining, has the core advantage of naturally inhibiting microbial growth and effectively masking the unpleasant flavors of raw materials such as spirulina using a high-osmotic-pressure syrup system. More importantly, the thixotropic and encapsulating properties of the colloidal matrix can form a stable suspension system for multi-component solid powders with significant density differences (especially barley grass fiber and post-biotic microparticles), effectively solving the problems of easy stratification, easy oxidation and inactivation of functional components, and picky eating in animals in traditional dry mixing processes. This ensures uniform dispersion and precise intake of the core immune components during the final feeding process.

[0069] Example 7

[0070] This embodiment provides an animal feed containing dextran, specifically: Formula: 10 parts F55 fructose syrup, 15 parts water, 6 parts soybean oil, 1 part emulsifier (soy lecithin), 0.5 parts thickener (0.3 parts xanthan gum, 0.2 parts carrageenan), 2 parts sugar, 0.8 parts β-glucan, 1.5 parts Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 postbiotic, 2.5 parts spirulina powder, 6.2 parts barley grass powder, 0.1 parts vitamin B6, 0.1 parts mineral (zinc methionine), 0.4 parts preservative (0.1 parts potassium sorbate, 0.1 parts sodium dehydroacetate, 0.2 parts citric acid), and 75% maltose syrup to make up to 100 parts.

[0071] Preparation method: 1) Aqueous phase preparation: In a pot with a stirring and heating jacket, add 75% maltose syrup, F55 fructose syrup and water, and slowly heat to 60~70℃, stirring until completely melted into a homogeneous liquid.

[0072] 2) Emulsification: Add soybean lecithin to soybean oil and heat gently to dissolve. Under shearing at 1500 rpm, slowly add the oil phase to the aqueous phase at 60~70℃ for preliminary emulsification to obtain an emulsion.

[0073] 3) Thickening: Dry mix xanthan gum, carrageenan and sugar (as dispersant) beforehand, and slowly sprinkle them into the above emulsion while stirring at a high speed of 1500 rpm. Continue shearing for 5 to 10 minutes to form a uniform and viscous colloidal base.

[0074] 4) Pretreatment and addition of solid functional ingredients: Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 is mixed with maltodextrin wall material and homogenized under high pressure (20-40 MPa) to form a uniform and stable emulsion. This emulsion is then spray-dried at 140-180℃ to obtain post-biotic L-137. All powdered raw materials (β-glucan, spirulina powder, post-biotic) are premixed with barley grass powder using a stepwise dilution process. Ensure all powders are evenly mixed. Then, under slow stirring at 300 rpm, the premixed solid powder is slowly added to the warm colloidal base. This process is best performed with homogenization equipment to ensure the powder is fully wetted and dispersed, avoiding the formation of "fish eyes" (lumps).

[0075] 5) Homogenization and Degassing: The entire system is homogenized using a homogenizer (30MPa pressure, 2000rpm speed). This is a crucial step in obtaining a long-term stable, non-stratified product. If a smooth product appearance is required, vacuum degassing can be performed to remove air bubbles introduced during the mixing process.

[0076] 6) Post-processing addition and filling: Cool the system to below 40℃, add heat-sensitive vitamin B6, zinc methionine, and preservatives, and stir well. Fill the mixture while it is still warm and has a certain degree of fluidity to obtain animal feed.

[0077] Example 8

[0078] The difference between this embodiment and Example 7 is that the amount of β-glucan added in the formula is adjusted to 0.5 parts, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in Example 7, and animal feed is obtained.

[0079] Example 9

[0080] The difference between this embodiment and Example 7 is that the amount of β-glucan added in the formula is adjusted to 1 part, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in Example 7, and animal feed is obtained.

[0081] Example 10

[0082] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that the amount of post-biotic added in the formula is adjusted to 1 part, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in embodiment 7, and animal feed is obtained.

[0083] Example 11

[0084] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that the amount of post-biotic added in the formula is adjusted to 2 parts, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in embodiment 7, and animal feed is obtained.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the amount of β-glucan added in the formula was adjusted to 0 parts, while the rest of the preparation process was the same as in Example 7, and animal feed was obtained.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the amount of β-glucan added in the formula was adjusted to 1.5 parts, while the rest of the preparation process was the same as in Example 7, and animal feed was obtained.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the amount of the added bio-element is adjusted to 0 parts, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in Example 7, and animal feed is obtained.

[0091] Comparative Example 4

[0092] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the amount of the added bio-element was adjusted to 2.5 parts, while the rest of the preparation process was the same as in Example 7, and animal feed was obtained.

[0093] Comparative Example 5

[0094] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the amounts of β-glucan, post-biotic, spirulina powder, and barley grass powder added were all adjusted to 0.

[0095] Feeding tests were conducted on the animal feed prepared above: SPF-grade male mice aged 6-8 weeks and weighing 18-22g were selected and randomly divided into 10 groups of 10-12 mice each. The environment was maintained at 22±2℃ and 50-60% humidity, with a 12h / 12h light / dark cycle. Mice had free access to food and water and were housed individually for 28 days. The mice were fed animal diets prepared according to the examples and comparative examples. The feeding method involved mixing the animal diet paste prepared according to this invention with a small amount of standard powdered maintenance feed, ensuring that the mice consumed this first, before providing the remaining standard maintenance feed. The consumption of the paste and feed, the initial and final weights of the mice were recorded, and the weight gain rate and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated as feed / net weight gain. The results are shown in the table below.

[0096] Table 6

[0097] As shown in Table 6, the mice fed in Example 7 had the highest final weight, the largest daily weight gain (0.60 g / d), and the lowest free growth rate (FCR) of 1.3, significantly better than the other groups. The absence or excess of β-glucan or post-genetic agents led to decreased weight gain and increased FCR. Comparative Example 5 showed the worst performance, with the fed mice achieving an FCR of 3.6, 2.3 times lower than that of Example 7, indicating that the functional combination had a synergistic growth-promoting effect.

[0098] On the last day of the experiment, some mice were injected intraperitoneally with mercaptoacetate broth to induce macrophages. After collection, phagocytosis experiments were performed using neutral red, and the phagocytic rate of macrophages was detected by flow cytometry.

[0099] Some mice were anesthetized and euthanized, and samples were collected: Blood: Blood was collected from the heart, and serum and plasma were separated. The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, D-lactic acid and diamine oxidase (DAO) in the serum were detected by ELISA.

[0100] Immune organs: The spleen was completely removed, weighed, and the spleen index was calculated; the proliferative activity of spleen lymphocytes was detected by CCK-8 assay.

[0101] Intestinal tissue: Carefully separate the entire intestine, and cut off segments of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (about 1-2 cm) from the same location. After rinsing with PBS, fix them in 4% paraformaldehyde for histomorphological analysis.

[0102] Cecal contents were collected, and DNA was extracted and the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. Alpha diversity (Shannon, Chao1), Beta diversity (PCoA, NMDS), and species composition differences (LEfSe analysis) were analyzed.

[0103] Intestinal mucosa: A segment of jejunum was taken, and the intestinal mucosa was gently scraped off with a glass slide. RNA was extracted from the intestinal mucosa sample and reverse transcribed into cDNA. The expression levels of key genes were detected by qPCR, including tight junction proteins: ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1; antimicrobial peptides: Defensin-α, RegIIIγ; and inflammatory factors: TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10.

[0104] The experimental results are shown in the table below: Table 7

[0105] As shown in Table 7, the serum IgA and IgG levels in mice fed in Example 7 were 108% and 91% higher, respectively, than those in Control Group 5 (P<0.01), indicating enhanced humoral immunity. In the group without added β-glucan or post-genetic agents, IgA levels decreased by approximately 40%, indicating a cumulative effect of both on humoral immunity. The spleen cell proliferation index changed synchronously with the spleen index; the splenic lymphocytes in Example 1 showed significantly stronger proliferative capacity under stimulation than those in the Control Group (P<0.05), indicating enhanced cellular immunity.

[0106] D-lactic acid and DAO showed a significant positive correlation. Both indicators in Example 7 were the lowest among all groups, significantly lower than the control group. This indicates that the mice in Example 7 exhibited the best intestinal epithelial integrity, reduced intestinal permeability, and more complete barrier function. Further increases in β-glucan or post-biotic content did not improve the barrier indicators; in fact, they even showed a slight decrease.

[0107] Table 8

[0108] As shown in Table 8, the mRNA expression levels of tight junction proteins and antimicrobial peptides in Example 7 were upregulated; the expression of pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α was downregulated, and the expression of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was upregulated, indicating that the formulation provided by the present invention maintains the barrier through immune regulation.

[0109] In summary, this invention utilizes β-glucan to activate innate immunity, post-biotics to train the immune system, and spirulina to provide immunopolysaccharides and phycocyanin. These three components together form a three-dimensional immune-enhancing network, synergistically strengthening immune function. Furthermore, β-glucan also functions as a prebiotic, inhibiting pathogens and strengthening the immune barrier through the addition of post-biotics, while barley grass powder provides dietary fiber, collectively maintaining gut microbiota balance and optimizing gut health and physical barrier integrity. Based on improved immunity and gut health, combined with balanced nutrition, this invention enhances animal growth performance, especially during stressful periods such as weaning, transportation, and feed changes, promoting growth and stress resistance.

[0110] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An animal feed containing glucan, characterized in that: The animal feed, by weight parts, includes, 40-50 parts 75% maltose syrup, 5-15 parts F55 fructose syrup, 10-20 parts water, 5-10 parts soybean oil, 0.1-2 parts emulsifier, 0.1-1 part thickener, 1.5-2.5 parts sugar, 0.5-1 part β-glucan, 1-2 parts post-biotic, 2-3 parts spirulina powder, 3-10 parts barley grass powder, 0.1 part vitamin, 0.1 part mineral, 0.1-0.5 parts preservative; The mass ratio of β-glucan, post-genetic agent, and spirulina powder is 0.5~1∶1~2∶2.5; The metagene is Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 metagene.

2. The animal feed containing dextran as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The emulsifier includes one or more of soybean lecithin, cephalin, sodium inositol phosphatidylcholine, and sodium dehydrocholate; the thickener includes one or more of xanthan gum, carrageenan, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, konjac glucomannan, and chitosan.

3. The animal feed containing dextran as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of β-glucan, post-biotic, and barley grass powder is 0.5~1∶1~2∶6.

2.

4. The animal feed containing dextran as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vitamin mentioned is V. B6 The mineral in question is zinc methionine.

5. The animal feed containing dextran as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The amount of vitamins and minerals added is determined according to nutritional standards based on the species and growth stage of the animal to which the vitamins and minerals are applied.

6. The animal feed containing dextran as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The preservatives include one or more of potassium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate, and citric acid.

7. The animal feed containing dextran as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The animal feed can be fed alone or in combination with other basic feeds.

8. The method for preparing dextran-containing animal feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include, Aqueous phase preparation: Slowly heat 75% maltose syrup, F55 fructose syrup and water to 60~70℃ and stir until completely dissolved; Emulsification: Add the emulsifier to soybean oil, heat slightly to dissolve, and slowly add the oil phase to the aqueous phase under shear conditions to obtain an emulsion; Thickening: Mix sugar and thickener dry beforehand, and slowly sprinkle into the above emulsion under shearing conditions. Continue shearing for 5 to 10 minutes to form a colloidal base. Pretreatment and addition of solid functional ingredients: After the strain and wall material maltodextrin are mixed, they are homogenized under high pressure at 20~40 MPa to form a uniform and stable emulsion, and then spray-dried at 140℃~180℃ to obtain the post-generic agent; barley grass powder is used as a carrier and is diluted and premixed with all powdered raw materials β-glucan, spirulina powder and post-generic agent in a stepwise manner to ensure that all powders are mixed evenly. Under stirring, the premixed solid powder is slowly added to the above-mentioned warm colloidal base; Homogenization: The entire system was homogenized at a pressure of 20-40 MPa and a rotation speed of 1500-3000 rpm for 10-30 minutes; Post-processing and filling: After the system cools down to below 40°C, add vitamins, minerals and preservatives, stir well, and fill while still warm to obtain animal feed containing glucan. The strain in question is Lactobacillus plantarum L-137.

9. The method for preparing dextran-containing animal feed as described in claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes vacuum degassing after homogenization.

10. The method for preparing dextran-containing animal feed as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The shearing speed is 1000~2000 rpm, and the stirring speed is 250~500 rpm.

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