A strong penetration type new energy special fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a highly penetrating fire extinguishing agent specifically for new energy sources and its preparation method, belonging to the field of fire extinguishing. The agent is composed of 1.5% urea, 20% composite active agent, 14.5% ethylene glycol, 8% diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 1% sodium octyl decyl sulfate, and 55% deionized water by weight percentage. It is prepared through raw material pretreatment, basic solution preparation, antifreeze component addition, active component compounding, homogenization adjustment, filtration, and filling. The agent achieves strong penetration through the composite active agent, integrating four fire extinguishing mechanisms: cooling, asphyxiation, chain reaction inhibition, and surface coverage. It eliminates the risk of reignition, is non-toxic and biodegradable, and can be used normally from -20℃ to 50℃. The preparation process is simple. This agent provides rapid fire extinguishing, causes no damage to equipment, and its performance is significantly superior to traditional water-based and dry powder fire extinguishing agents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to fire fighting and extinguishing, and more particularly to a highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the fire risk of equipment such as lithium batteries and energy storage power stations is becoming increasingly prominent. These fires have the following significant characteristics: First, the combustion core is located inside the equipment, such as the cell level of a lithium battery, making it difficult for external extinguishing agents to quickly penetrate the combustion area; second, the combustion process is accompanied by complex chain reactions, and traditional cooling or suffocation methods cannot effectively suppress internal thermal runaway; third, reignition is likely after the fire is extinguished because residual high-temperature substances inside can still trigger subsequent reactions.

[0003] Currently, common fire extinguishing methods for new energy sources have many shortcomings: dry powder fire extinguishing agents can quickly cover the surface, but their penetration ability is poor, they cannot enter the inside of the battery cell, and they are prone to causing equipment blockage and damage; traditional water-based fire extinguishing agents have high surface tension, making it difficult to penetrate the gaps in the battery casing and the battery cell membrane, and their cooling effect is limited to the surface; gaseous fire extinguishing agents such as heptafluoropropane are expensive, require a closed space, have insufficient continuous fire extinguishing ability, and cannot suppress reignition. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide an agent with strong penetrating properties that can penetrate deep into the interior of new energy equipment to achieve efficient fire extinguishing.

[0005] Technical solution: A highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent, composed of the following components by weight percentage, the sum of the weight percentages of each component being 100%: urea 1.5%, active agent 20%, ethylene glycol 14.5%, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 8%, sodium octyldecyl sulfate 1%, and deionized water 55%.

[0006] in: Urea, as a nitrogen-based flame retardant, decomposes at high temperatures to produce inert gases such as ammonia and carbon dioxide, which dilute the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone. At the same time, the released active groups can capture free radicals in the combustion chain reaction, inhibit the continuous reaction, and effectively reduce the probability of reignition.

[0007] The active agent is a composite of nonionic and anionic active agents, which significantly reduces the surface tension of the agent, allowing it to quickly penetrate the gaps and structures of new energy equipment such as battery cell membranes, greatly improving the penetration speed; at the same time, it enhances the adhesion of the agent to solid surfaces and prolongs the effective extinguishing time.

[0008] Ethylene glycol, as an antifreeze agent, improves the fluidity of the agent in low-temperature environments, ensuring normal spraying even at temperatures above -20°C; at the same time, it absorbs a large amount of heat at high temperatures, helping to reduce the temperature of the combustion zone and working synergistically with water to achieve rapid cooling.

[0009] Diammonium hydrogen phosphate, a phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant, decomposes at high temperatures to produce substances such as phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid, forming a dense char layer on the burning surface that isolates oxygen from contact with combustibles; the released ammonia further synergistically inhibits the combustion chain reaction, enhancing the fire extinguishing effect.

[0010] The sodium octyldecyl sulfate anionic surfactant forms a synergistic effect with the main active agent, further reducing the surface tension of the agent and enhancing its penetration into the internal microstructure of the lithium battery cell; at the same time, it improves the emulsification performance of the agent, ensuring uniform dispersion of each component and stronger stability.

[0011] Deionized water acts as a solvent and cooling carrier, absorbing a large amount of heat through evaporation and rapidly reducing the temperature of the combustion zone; at the same time, it serves as a transport medium for other functional components, ensuring that each component effectively reaches the core combustion zone.

[0012] The preparation method of the above-mentioned highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent includes the following steps, and the parameters of each step must be strictly controlled to ensure the performance of the agent: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Crush urea and diammonium hydrogen phosphate to a fineness of 80 mesh or higher to ensure sufficient dissolution in the future; preheat the activator and sodium octyldecyl sulfate in a constant temperature environment of 40°C for 30 minutes to reduce their viscosity and facilitate mixing.

[0013] S2. Preparation of basic solution: Weigh out deionized water according to the ratio and add it to a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer. Heat the water to 45℃-50℃ and start stirring (200r / min). Slowly add the pulverized urea and diammonium hydrogen phosphate and continue stirring for 30 minutes until the solids are completely dissolved to obtain the basic solution.

[0014] S3. Addition of antifreeze components: Add ethylene glycol to the base solution in proportion, maintain stirring speed of 200 r / min, heat to 50℃-55℃, stir for 15 minutes to fully mix ethylene glycol with the base solution to obtain a premixed solution.

[0015] S4. Active component compounding: Slowly add the preheated activator and sodium octyldecyl sulfate to the premixed solution in proportion, increase the stirring speed to 300 r / min, maintain the temperature at 50℃-55℃, and stir for 40 minutes to ensure that the active components are evenly dispersed and there is no stratification.

[0016] S5. Homogenization and Adjustment: Transfer the compounded solution to a high-pressure homogenizer and homogenize it twice at 20 MPa pressure to further refine the particles and improve the stability of the agent. Then, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature, test the pH value, and adjust the pH value to between 7.0 and 7.5 using dilute hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution.

[0017] S6. Filtration and Filling: The adjusted solution is filtered through a 0.45μm microporous membrane to remove impurities; it is then filled into a sealed container to obtain the finished fire extinguishing agent.

[0018] Beneficial effects: (1) Strong penetration performance: Through the composite active agent system, the surface tension of the agent is reduced to below 25mN / m, which can penetrate into the lithium battery cell within 30 seconds, solving the problem that traditional agents cannot reach the core of combustion and achieving deep fire extinguishing.

[0019] (2) Multi-mechanism synergistic fire suppression: It integrates four fire suppression mechanisms: cooling (water, ethylene glycol), suffocation (urea decomposition gas), chain reaction inhibition (urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate), and surface covering (diammonium hydrogen phosphate carbonization layer), to comprehensively suppress the combustion and reignition of new energy fires.

[0020] (3) Environmental friendliness: All components are non-toxic and biodegradable substances. There are no residual pollutants after fire extinguishing. There is no secondary damage to new energy equipment and the environment, which meets environmental protection requirements.

[0021] (4) Wide temperature adaptability: With the addition of ethylene glycol as an antifreeze, the agent can maintain good fluidity and fire extinguishing performance in the range of -20℃ to 50℃, making it suitable for new energy scenarios in different climate zones.

[0022] (5) Simple preparation process: It can be mass-produced using conventional chemical equipment, with a short preparation cycle and low raw material cost, making it highly economical and practical. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Example Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight percentages: 1.5 kg urea, 20 kg activator, 14.5 kg ethylene glycol, 8 kg diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 1 kg sodium octyl decyl sulfate, and 55 kg deionized water, for a total weight of 100 kg.

[0026] The preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: Crush urea and diammonium hydrogen phosphate to 80 mesh, and preheat activator and sodium octyldecyl sulfate at 40°C for 30 minutes.

[0027] Step 2: Add 55 kg of deionized water to the reactor, heat to 48°C, add urea and diammonium hydrogen phosphate while stirring at 200 r / min, and stir for 30 minutes until completely dissolved.

[0028] Step 3: Add 14.5 kg of ethylene glycol, maintain 52°C, and stir at 200 rpm for 15 minutes.

[0029] Step 4: Add 20 kg of activator and 1 kg of sodium octyldecyl sulfate, and stir at 300 r / min for 40 minutes.

[0030] Step 5: Homogenize twice under 20 MPa pressure, cool to room temperature, and adjust pH to 7.2.

[0031] Step 6: After filtration through a 0.45μm filter membrane, the product is filled to obtain the finished product.

[0032] Performance test comparison The fire extinguishing performance of the agent of this invention was compared with that of traditional water-based fire extinguishing agents and dry powder fire extinguishing agents using a 10Ah square ternary lithium battery module. The test results are as follows: Test results show that the agent of this invention is significantly superior to traditional fire extinguishing agents in terms of fire extinguishing speed, penetration ability, anti-reignition performance and equipment protection, and is suitable for efficient fire extinguishing in new energy scenarios.

[0033] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A highly penetrating fire extinguishing agent specifically for new energy sources, characterized in that, It is composed of the following ingredients by weight percentage, the sum of which is 100%: urea 1.5%, active agent 20%, ethylene glycol 14.5%, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 8%, sodium octyl decyl sulfate 1%, and deionized water 55%.

2. The highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfactant is a composite surfactant of nonionic and anionic types.

3. A method for preparing a highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Urea and diammonium hydrogen phosphate are pulverized, and activator and sodium octyldecyl sulfate are preheated at a constant temperature. S2. Preparation of basic solution: Deionized water is added to a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, heated and stirred, and then pulverized urea and diammonium hydrogen phosphate are added and stirred until completely dissolved to obtain the basic solution. S3. Addition of antifreeze components: Add ethylene glycol to the base solution and stir to obtain a premixed solution; S4. Active component compounding: Add the preheated activator and sodium octyl decyl sulfate to the premixed solution, increase the stirring speed and stir at a constant temperature to make the active components evenly dispersed; S5. Homogenization and Adjustment: The compounded solution is homogenized using a high-pressure homogenizer and then naturally cooled to room temperature before the pH value is adjusted. S6. Filtration and filling: After filtering the adjusted solution, fill it into a sealed container to obtain the finished product.

4. The preparation method of the highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, urea and diammonium hydrogen phosphate are pulverized to a fineness of 80 mesh or higher, and the activator and sodium octyldecyl sulfate are preheated in a constant temperature environment of 40°C for 30 minutes.

5. The preparation method of the highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S2, the deionized water is heated to 45℃-50℃, and the stirring speed is 200r / min, and stirring is continued for 30 minutes.

6. The preparation method of the highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S3, the stirring speed is maintained at 200 r / min, the system is heated to 50℃-55℃, and stirred for 15 minutes.

7. The preparation method of the highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S4, the stirring speed is increased to 300 r / min, the system temperature is maintained at 50℃-55℃, and stirring is carried out for 40 minutes.

8. The preparation method of the highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S5, the homogenization pressure of the high-pressure homogenizer is 20 MPa, and the homogenization process is repeated twice to adjust the pH value of the solution to between 7.0 and 7.

5.

9. The preparation method of the highly penetrating new energy-specific fire extinguishing agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S6, the solution is filtered using a 0.45μm microporous membrane.

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