Near-bit oscillating-impulse jar

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of drilling tools for oil and gas engineering, specifically a near-bit oscillating impactor section, comprising an upper connector, casing, an anvil, impact hammer, guide plate, turbine, drive rod, and limiting assembly. The invention features a rational and compact structure. Through the relative rotational motion of the impact hammer and guide plate, it effectively alters the flow area of ​​the drilling fluid. As the impact hammer rotates, the interaction between the slider and guide block causes the hammer to spiral upwards. When the hammer reaches its highest point, as it continues to rotate circumferentially, the upper and lower flow holes misalign, and simultaneously, the slider and guide block completely separate. At this point, the hammer moves downwards at high speed along the axial direction, violently impacting the anvil and generating a powerful impact force. The upper and lower flow holes periodically overlap and misalign, continuously generating a water hammer effect, stimulating continuous impact action of the hammer, and improving the operating efficiency and impact capability of the drilling tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling tools technology for oil and gas engineering, and is a near-bit oscillating impactor short section. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing depletion of shallow oil and gas resources in my country, the technological development focus of the drilling industry has shifted to the exploration and exploitation of deep, hard formations. However, under the current widely used rotary drilling technology framework, this technology shows inadequacy in the face of the complex drilling environment of hard formations, specifically manifested in the frequent occurrence of stick-slip vibration. This phenomenon not only severely restricts the efficiency of drilling operations but also leads to a significant increase in drilling costs. In the field of drilling engineering, improving drilling efficiency in deep, hard formations and effectively reducing or eliminating drill bit stick-slip vibration are key technical challenges that urgently need to be overcome. Therefore, exploring and applying efficient and stable drilling technologies is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a near-bit oscillating impactor sub that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and effectively solves the problem of low drilling efficiency caused by frequent stick-slip vibration in existing near-bit subs.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is achieved through the following measures: A near-bit oscillating impactor subsection includes an upper connector, a casing, an anvil, a hammer, a guide plate, a turbine, a drive rod, and a limiting assembly. A casing is fixedly installed at the lower end of the upper connector. A lower limiting ring is fixedly installed inside the lower end of the casing. An anvil is fitted inside the lower limiting ring. A lower connector is fixedly installed at the lower end of the anvil. A gap is provided between the upper end of the lower connector and the lower end of the lower limiting ring. A suspension ring is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the anvil, with its lower end contacting the upper end of the lower limiting ring. A hammer is fitted inside the casing corresponding to the position above the anvil. A hollow transmission rod is fixedly installed between the lower end of the hammer and the upper end of the anvil. Several vertically penetrating lower flow holes are distributed circumferentially at intervals on the lower end of the hammer corresponding to the position inside the transmission rod. A sleeve is fixedly installed above the hammer. A plurality of spiral guide blocks are evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner side of the tube. The projections of the spiral guide blocks on the horizontal plane are evenly distributed around the circumference. A slider corresponding to the guide blocks is fixed on the outer side of the hammer. A drive rod with its upper end above the guide blocks is fixedly installed in the center of the hammer. A turbine is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the drive rod. A plurality of vertically penetrating spiral flow channels are evenly distributed around the outer side of the upper end of the turbine. The spiral direction of the flow channels is the same as that of the guide blocks. A guide plate is rotatably installed on the outer side of the lower part of the drive rod corresponding to the upper end of the hammer. The upper end of the guide plate has an upper flow hole that is vertically penetrating and corresponds to one of the lower flow holes. A limiting component is provided between the outer side of the guide plate and the inner side of the sleeve. When the turbine rotates, the limiting component causes the guide plate to move up and down reciprocally.

[0005] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned technical solution: The aforementioned limitable component includes a slide rail and a positioning block. A slide rail is fixedly installed between two adjacent guide blocks and is fixedly mounted to the inside of the sleeve. The slide rail is long and the upper end is located above the guide block. A positioning block is fixedly installed on the outside of the guide plate corresponding to each slide rail position. Each positioning block has a limit groove that runs vertically through and opens outwards on its outside. The slider is slidably installed in the limit groove at the corresponding position.

[0006] An upper limit ring is fixed inside the sleeve at the upper end of the aforementioned transmission rod, and the lower end of the guide block is fixedly installed together with the upper end of the upper limit ring at the corresponding position.

[0007] The lower end of the aforementioned punch has two vertically connected, fan-shaped flow holes distributed at intervals along the circumference. The upper flow hole is also fan-shaped. After the punch rotates, the projections of the upper flow hole and the two lower flow holes on the horizontal plane gradually change from completely overlapping to completely non-overlapping, or from completely non-overlapping to completely overlapping.

[0008] The outer contours of the cross-sections of the aforementioned drive rod and transmission rod are all regular polygons. The center of the guide plate has a circular guide hole that runs vertically through the center. The diameter of the circumscribed circle of the cross-section of the drive rod is smaller than the diameter of the guide hole.

[0009] A fixing nut is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drive rod above the turbine.

[0010] This invention features a reasonable and compact structure. When the near-bit oscillating impactor is connected to the drill string during drilling, the drilling fluid smoothly enters the upper connector through the upper drill string and then impacts the turbine. Under the impact of the drilling fluid, the turbine begins to rotate. This rotation causes the impact hammer to move relative to the guide plate. This relative motion includes not only circumferential rotation but also axial movement of the impact hammer relative to the inner wall of the casing. This composite motion mode allows the drilling fluid flow path to be periodically opened or blocked. When the impact hammer reaches the highest point of its axial movement, and at this instant the flow of drilling fluid is completely cut off, just before the impact hammer's slider completely disengages from the guide block, the drilling fluid pressure in the upper region of the guide plate rises sharply due to the water hammer effect. This leads to a corresponding sharp increase in the pressure acting on the upper end of the impact hammer. Under this enormous pressure, the impact hammer and the turbine... The integrated structure of the wheel, guide plate, drive rod, transmission rod, anvil, lower connector, and drill bit generates high-speed axial motion power the instant the slider and guide block completely disengage, violently impacting the rock surface and achieving efficient drilling operations. As the hammer continues to rotate circumferentially, the drilling fluid flow channel between the guide plate and the hammer periodically opens and closes. When the channel (upper flow hole) opens, the drilling fluid accumulated above the guide plate due to compression (when the channel is closed) is released downwards, effectively eliminating the water hammer effect. At this time, the hammer slider can spiral upwards under the action of the guide block, and the anvil moves upwards synchronously, preparing for the next impact. When the hammer rises to its highest axial position, the upper flow hole of the guide plate is closed, triggering a new water hammer effect, giving the hammer high-speed impact power, causing the drill bit to violently impact the rock formation. During this process, the drilling fluid acts as a power source, continuously driving the turbine to rotate. This causes the drilling fluid flow channels to periodically switch between overlapping and staggering. The aforementioned periodic motion and impact are directly transmitted to the drill bit through the lower connector, creating axial periodic vibration excitation on the drill bit. This vibration effectively eliminates static contact and friction between the drill bit and the wellbore, significantly improving the "dragging pressure" and "stick-slip" phenomena commonly encountered during drilling in high-friction-torsion sections. Simultaneously, it ensures that the weight of the upper drill string can be smoothly transmitted to the drill bit, creating effective drilling pressure on the drill bit, thereby significantly improving the drill bit's rock-breaking efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Appendix Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the main cross-sectional structure of embodiments one to six of the present invention.

[0012] Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of section AA.

[0013] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of the structure at point BB.

[0014] Appendix Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of the structure at point CC.

[0015] Appendix Figure 5 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of the structure at point DD.

[0016] Appendix Figure 6 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of the EE section.

[0017] Appendix Figure 7 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of the structure at the FF point.

[0018] Appendix Figure 8 The diagram shows the turbine structure from below in embodiments one through six of the present invention.

[0019] Appendix Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side cross-sectional structure of the turbine in Embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention.

[0020] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 is the upper connector, 2 is the sleeve, 3 is the anvil, 4 is the hammer, 5 is the guide plate, 6 is the turbine, 7 is the drive rod, 8 is the lower connector, 9 is the lower limit ring platform, 10 is the suspension ring platform, 11 is the lower flow hole, 12 is the slider, 13 is the guide block, 14 is the flow channel, 15 is the upper flow hole, 16 is the slide rail, 17 is the positioning block, 18 is the limit groove, 19 is the upper limit ring platform, 20 is the guide hole, 21 is the lock nut, and 22 is the transmission rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0022] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as the positional relationships of front, back, top, bottom, left, and right, which are based on the instructions attached. Figure 1 The orientation of the layout is determined by the direction of the map.

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figures 1 to 9As shown, the near-bit oscillating impactor section includes an upper connector 1, a casing 2, an anvil 3, a hammer 4, a guide plate 5, a turbine 6, a drive rod 7, and a limiting assembly. The casing 2 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the upper connector 1. A lower limiting ring platform 9 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the casing 2. The anvil 3 is fitted inside the lower limiting ring platform 9. A lower connector 8 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the anvil 3. A gap is provided between the upper end of the lower connector 8 and the lower end of the lower limiting ring platform 9. A suspension ring platform 10, whose lower end contacts the upper end of the lower limiting ring platform 9, is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the anvil 3. The hammer 4 is fitted inside the casing 2 above the anvil 3. A hollow transmission rod 22 is fixedly installed between the lower end of the hammer 4 and the upper end of the anvil 3. Several vertically penetrating lower flow holes 11 are distributed circumferentially at intervals on the lower end of the hammer 4, corresponding to the position inside the transmission rod 22. The casing 2 above the hammer 4 is also circumferentially at intervals on the inner side. A plurality of spiral guide blocks 13 are arranged, and the projections of the spiral guide blocks 13 on the horizontal plane are evenly distributed along the circumference. A slider 12 corresponding to the guide block 13 is fixed on the outside of the hammer 4. A drive rod 7 with its upper end above the guide block 13 is fixedly installed in the center of the hammer 4. A turbine 6 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the drive rod 7. A plurality of vertically penetrating and spirally arranged flow channels 14 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the outer side of the upper end of the turbine 6, and the spiral direction of the flow channels 14 is the same as the spiral direction of the guide block 13. A guide plate 5 is rotatably installed on the outer side of the lower part of the drive rod 7 corresponding to the upper end of the hammer 4. The upper end of the guide plate 5 is provided with an upper flow hole 15 that is vertically penetrating and corresponds to one of the lower flow holes 11. A limiting component is provided between the outer side of the guide plate 5 and the inner side of the sleeve 2. When the turbine 6 rotates, the limiting component causes the guide plate 5 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0024] As required, the drilling fluid flows through the flow channel 14 of the turbine 6, causing the turbine 6 to rotate clockwise. The cross-section of the flow channel 14 is fan-shaped, and the inner walls of the flow channel 14 are smoothly transitioned. During use, the upper connector 1 is used to connect to the upper drill string. The lower outer side of the anvil 3 is fixedly installed together with the upper inner side of the lower connector 8 by a threaded connection. The lower inner side of the lower connector 8 has threads and can be directly connected to the drill bit to transmit impact loads. In use, the near-drill bit oscillating impactor section is connected to the drill string system for drilling. The upper end of the upper connector 1 is connected to the upper drill string, and the lower end of the lower connector 8 is connected to the drill bit. After assembly, it is lowered into the target position in the well, and then the drilling fluid enters the upper connector 1 from the upper drill string.

[0025] During drilling operations, the relative rotational motion of the hammer 4 and the guide plate 5 changes the overlapping area of ​​the upper flow hole 15 and the lower flow hole 11, effectively altering the flow area of ​​the drilling fluid. This induces a water hammer effect, causing the hammer 4 to move rapidly downwards along the axial direction. The limiting component restricts the circumferential rotation of the guide plate 5. To facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the anvil 3, the lower limiting ring 9 can be formed by a nut screwed to the inner side of the lower end of the casing 2, effectively preventing the anvil 3 from accidentally falling off during operation. The anvil 3 has a central flow channel to facilitate the flow of drilling fluid. As the hammer 4 rotates, the interaction between the slider 12 and the guide block 13 causes the hammer 4 to spiral upwards. When the hammer 4 reaches... At the highest point, as the hammer 4 continues to rotate circumferentially, the upper flow hole 15 and the lower flow hole 11 are offset from each other, and at the same time, the slider 12 and the guide block 13 are completely separated. At this time, the hammer 4 will move downward at high speed along the axis and violently impact the anvil 3, thereby generating a powerful impact force. This achieves optimized adjustment of the drilling fluid flow characteristics. Furthermore, through the ingenious cooperation of the mechanical structure, precise control of the hammer 4's movement is achieved. As the turbine 6 continues to rotate, the upper flow hole 15 and the lower flow hole 11 will periodically experience the process of overlapping and offsetting, thereby continuously generating a water hammer effect, stimulating the hammer 4's continuous impact action, and improving the drilling tool's operating efficiency and impact capability.

[0026] When the drilling fluid flows through the flow passage 14 of the turbine 6, the turbine 6 drives the hammer 4 to rotate through the drive rod 7. The slider 12 on the outside of the hammer 4 spirals upward along the surface of the guide block 13. When the slider 12 rotates to the upper side of the guide block 13 and is about to separate from the upper side of the guide block 13, the hammer 4 spirals upward during this process. The guide plate 5 moves upward under the action of the hammer 4 and the limiting component. In the circumferential direction, the position of the upper flow hole 15 of the guide plate 5 remains unchanged. One of the lower flow holes 11 corresponding to the upper flow hole 15 rotates and is misaligned with the upper flow hole 15. In this way, the upper end of the hammer 4 acts as a closing force on the upper flow hole 15. That is, during the process of the slider 12 rotating to the upper side of the guide block 13 and about to separate from the upper side of the guide block 13, the flow rate in the upper flow hole 15 gradually decreases. During this process, the hammer 4 also drives the drill bit to spiral upward through the transmission rod 22, the anvil 3, and the lower connector 8.

[0027] Drilling fluid continues to flow through the flow channel 14 of turbine 6. Turbine 6 drives hammer 4 to continue rotating. The slider 12 on the outside of hammer 4 loses the support of guide block 13. Hammer 4 falls downward under the action of gravity and drilling fluid pressure until the suspension ring platform 10 lands on the upper end of the lower limit ring platform 9. The lower limit ring platform 9 has a limiting effect. During the falling process, hammer 4 drives the drill bit to impact the rock formation through transmission rod 22, anvil 3, and lower connector 8. At this time, the guide plate 5 also moves downward after losing the support of hammer 4. The relative rotation amplitude of guide plate 5 and hammer 4 is small at this time. After guide plate 5 falls, upper flow hole 15 is still in the closed state. Similarly, turbine 6 and drive rod 7 move downward at the same time.

[0028] Drilling fluid continuously flows through the flow passage 14 of turbine 6. Turbine 6 drives hammer 4 to continue rotating. The slider 12 on the outside of hammer 4 rotates to the lower end of the next guide block 13. During this process, hammer 4 drives the drill bit to drill through transmission rod 22, anvil 3, and lower connector 8. During the rotation of hammer 4, the lower flow hole and the upper flow hole 15 gradually correspond (gradually overlap), so that the upper flow hole 15 is gradually opened.

[0029] This process repeats continuously, with drilling fluid flowing through the flow channel 14 of the turbine 6. The turbine 6 drives the hammer 4 to rotate continuously. As the hammer 4 reciprocates up and down, it rotates continuously, periodically opening and closing the upper flow orifice 15. During the spiral ascent of the hammer 4, the upper flow orifice 15 gradually closes. When the hammer 4 reaches its highest point, the upper flow orifice 15 is completely closed. At this time, the guide plate 5 is subjected to drilling fluid pressure, which acts on the hammer 4 and the drill bit. During the descent of the hammer 4, a water hammer effect is triggered, giving the hammer 4 a high-speed impact. The force violently impacts the anvil 3, ultimately acting on the rock formation through the drill bit. During this process, the drilling fluid acts as a power source, continuously driving the turbine 6 to rotate, which causes the upper flow hole 15 and the lower flow hole 11 to periodically switch between overlapping and offset. As the slider 12 spirals up along the guide block 13, the upper flow hole 15 is gradually closed. At this time, the drilling fluid accumulated on the upper part of the guide plate 5 can flow downward through the overlapping part of the upper flow hole 15 and the lower flow hole 11, thereby effectively eliminating the water hammer effect and reducing the resistance when the slider 12 rises.

[0030] When the near-bit oscillating impactor is connected to the drill string, the drilling fluid smoothly enters the upper connector 1 through the upper drill string and then impacts the turbine 6. Under the impact of the drilling fluid, the turbine 6 begins to rotate. This rotation causes the hammer 4 to move relative to the guide plate 5. This relative motion includes not only circumferential rotation but also axial movement of the hammer 4 relative to the inner wall of the casing 2. This composite motion mode allows the flow path of the drilling fluid to be periodically opened or blocked. When the hammer 4 reaches the highest point of its axial movement, and at this instant the flow of drilling fluid is completely cut off, just before the slider 12 of the hammer 4 completely disengages from the guide block 13, the drilling fluid pressure in the upper region of the guide plate 5 rises sharply due to the water hammer effect. This leads to a corresponding sharp increase in the pressure acting on the upper end of the hammer 4. Under this huge pressure, the hammer 4, turbine 6, guide plate 5, and drive rod 7... The integrated structure of the transmission rod 22, anvil 3, lower connector 8, and drill bit will obtain high-speed axial motion power the moment the slider 12 and guide block 13 are completely disengaged, violently impacting the rock surface and achieving efficient drilling operations. As the hammer 4 continues to rotate circumferentially, the drilling fluid flow channel between the guide plate 5 and the hammer 4 exhibits a periodic opening and closing state. When the channel (upper flow hole 15) is open, the drilling fluid accumulated above the guide plate 5 due to compression (when the channel is closed) is released downward, thereby effectively eliminating the water hammer effect. At this time, the slider 12 of the hammer 4 can spiral upward under the action of the guide block 13, and at the same time, the anvil 3 moves upward synchronously, preparing for the next impact. When the hammer 4 rises to the highest position of its axial movement, the upper flow hole 15 of the guide plate 5 is closed, triggering a new water hammer effect, enabling the hammer 4 to obtain high-speed impact power, causing the drill bit to violently impact the rock formation. During this process, the drilling fluid acts as a power source, continuously driving the turbine 6 to rotate. This causes the drilling fluid flow channels to periodically switch between overlapping and staggering. The aforementioned periodic motion and impact are directly transmitted to the drill bit through the lower connector 8, forming an axial periodic vibration excitation on the drill bit. This vibration effectively eliminates static contact and friction between the drill bit and the wellbore, significantly improving the "dragging pressure" and "stick-slip" phenomena commonly encountered during drilling in high-friction-torsion sections. Simultaneously, it ensures that the weight of the upper drill string can be smoothly transmitted to the drill bit, forming effective drilling pressure acting on the drill bit, thereby significantly improving the drill bit's rock-breaking efficiency.

[0031] The above-mentioned near-bit oscillating impactor section can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs: Example 2: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 3As shown in Figure 4, the limiting component includes a slide rail 16 and a positioning block 17. A slide rail 16 is provided between two adjacent guide blocks 13 and is fixedly installed together with the inner side of the sleeve 2. The slide rail 16 is elongated and its upper end is located above the guide block 13. A positioning block 17 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the guide plate 5 corresponding to each slide rail 16 position. A limiting groove 18 with vertical penetration and outward opening is provided on the outer side of each positioning block 17. The slider 12 is slidably installed in the limiting groove 18 at the corresponding position.

[0032] Depending on the requirements, the lower end of the slide rail 16 is flush with the lower end of the guide plate 5 or located between the upper and lower ends of the guide plate 5. The length of the slide rail 16 is greater than the sum of the height of the guide block 13 and the thickness of the hammer 4. During use, this setting ensures the relative position of the lower flow hole 11 and the upper flow hole 15 during the up-and-down movement of the guide plate 5, thereby improving the impact effect of the hammer 4 on the drill bit after its up-and-down movement.

[0033] Example 3: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, an upper limit ring platform 19 is fixed inside the sleeve 2 at the upper end of the transmission rod 22, and the lower end of the guide block 13 is fixedly installed together with the upper end of the upper limit ring platform 19 at the corresponding position.

[0034] During use, by setting the upper limit ring platform 19, the punch 4 and the slider 12 can be supported, preventing the drive rod 7 from bending and deforming after the punch 4 falls during use.

[0035] Example 4: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the lower end of the punch 4 has two vertically connected, fan-shaped flow holes 11 distributed at intervals along the circumference. The upper flow hole 15 is fan-shaped. After the punch 4 rotates, the projections of the upper flow hole 15 and the two lower flow holes 11 on the horizontal plane gradually change from completely overlapping to completely non-overlapping or from completely non-overlapping to completely overlapping.

[0036] According to the requirements, two spiral guide blocks 13 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner side of the sleeve 2 above the punch 4. The upper flow hole 15 and the lower flow hole 11 have the same cross-sectional dimensions. During operation, when the drilling fluid flows through the flow passage 14 of the turbine 6, the turbine 6 drives the hammer 4 to rotate via the drive rod 7. The slider 12 on the outside of the hammer 4 spirals upward along the surface of the guide block 13. When the slider 12 rotates to the upper side of the guide block 13 and is about to separate from the upper side of the guide block 13, the hammer 4 spirals upward. The guide plate 5 moves upward under the action of the hammer 4 and the limiting component. In the circumferential direction, the position of the upper flow hole 15 of the guide plate 5 remains unchanged. One of the lower flow holes 11 that overlaps with the upper flow hole 15 gradually becomes completely non-overlapping after rotation. The other lower flow hole 11 does not overlap with the upper flow hole 15 during this process. In this way, the upper end of the hammer 4 acts as a closing force on the upper flow hole 15. That is, during the process of the slider 12 rotating to the upper side of the guide block 13 and about to separate from the upper side of the guide block 13, the flow rate in the upper flow hole 15 gradually decreases. During this process, the hammer 4 also drives the drill bit to spiral upward via the transmission rod 22, the anvil 3, and the lower connector 8.

[0037] Drilling fluid continues to flow through the flow channel 14 of turbine 6. Turbine 6 drives hammer 4 to continue rotating. The slider 12 on the outside of hammer 4 loses the support of guide block 13. Hammer 4 falls downward under the action of gravity until slider 12 lands on the upper limit ring platform 19 or suspension ring platform 10 lands on the lower limit ring platform 9. The upper limit ring platform 19 or lower limit ring platform 9 has a limiting effect. During the falling process, hammer 4 drives the drill bit to impact the rock formation through transmission rod 22, anvil 3, and lower connector 8. At this time, guide plate 5 also moves downward after losing the support of hammer 4. The relative rotation amplitude of guide plate 5 and hammer 4 is small at this time. After guide plate 5 falls, upper flow hole 15 is still in the closed state. Similarly, turbine 6 and drive rod 7 move downward at the same time.

[0038] The drilling fluid continues to flow through the flow passage 14 of the turbine 6. The turbine 6 drives the hammer 4 to continue to rotate. The slider 12 on the outside of the hammer 4 rotates from the upper end of the upper limit ring 19 to the lower end of another guide block 13. During this process, the hammer 4 drives the drill bit to drill through the transmission rod 22, anvil 3, and lower connector 8. During the rotation of the hammer 4, another lower flow passage 11 gradually changes from completely non-overlapping to completely overlapping.

[0039] This process repeats continuously, with drilling fluid flowing through the flow channel 14 of the turbine 6. The turbine 6 drives the hammer 4 to rotate continuously. As the hammer 4 reciprocates up and down, it rotates continuously, periodically opening and closing the upper flow orifice 15. During the spiral ascent of the hammer 4, the upper flow orifice 15 gradually closes. When the hammer 4 reaches its highest point, the upper flow orifice 15 is completely closed. At this point, the guide plate 5 is subjected to drilling fluid pressure, acting on the hammer 4 and the drill bit. During its descent, the hammer 4 generates a water hammer effect, providing it with high-speed impact power, violently striking the anvil 3, and ultimately impacting the rock formation through the drill bit. Throughout this process, the drilling fluid acts as the power source, continuously driving... The turbine 6 rotates, causing the upper flow hole 15 and the lower flow hole 11 to periodically switch between overlapping and offset. As the slider 12 spirals up along the guide block 13, the upper flow hole 15 is gradually closed. At this time, the drilling fluid accumulated on the upper part of the guide plate 5 can flow downward through the overlapping part of the upper flow hole 15 and the lower flow hole 11, thereby effectively eliminating the water hammer effect. During the upward process of the guide plate 5, the upper flow hole 15 is gradually closed, reducing the resistance during the upward process. When the guide plate 5 is at the highest point, the upper flow hole 15 is closed. When the guide plate 5 falls rapidly from the highest point, the drill bit impacts the rock formation under the pressure of the drilling fluid and gravity.

[0040] The periodic motion and impact of the hammer 4 are directly transmitted to the drill bit through the transmission rod 22, anvil 3, and lower connector 8, creating axial periodic vibration excitation on the drill bit. This vibration effectively eliminates static contact and friction between the drill bit and the wellbore, significantly improving the "dragging pressure" and "stick-slip" phenomena commonly encountered during drilling in high-friction-torsion sections. Simultaneously, it ensures that the weight of the upper drill string is smoothly transmitted to the drill bit, creating effective drilling pressure on the drill bit, thereby significantly improving the drill bit's rock-breaking efficiency.

[0041] Example 5: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the outer contours of the cross sections of the drive rod 7 and the transmission rod 22 are both regular polygons. The guide plate 5 has a circular guide hole 20 that runs vertically through the center. The diameter of the outer circle of the cross section of the drive rod 7 is smaller than the diameter of the guide hole 20.

[0042] Depending on the requirements, the outer contour of the drive rod 7 is square, and the outer contour of the drive rod 7 is either a regular hexagon or a regular octagon. During use, the outer contours of both the drive rod 7 and the transmission rod 22 are regular polygons. This allows the drilling fluid to flow through the flow channel 14 of the turbine 6, driving the turbine 6 to rotate. The turbine 6, through the drive rod 7 and the transmission rod 22, can transmit torque to the drill bit connected to the lower connector 8, effectively eliminating static contact and friction between the drill string and the well wall, and improving the drilling efficiency of the drill bit.

[0043] Example 6: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 As shown, a fixing nut is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drive rod 7 corresponding to the position above the turbine 6.

[0044] Based on the requirements, the fixing nut is a known existing technology, such as a cap nut, with a limiting step on the upper part of the drive rod 7 at the lower end of the turbine 6. This fixing nut and limiting step can secure the turbine 6. During use, the fixing nut facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the turbine 6 and the drive rod 7, simplifying subsequent maintenance.

[0045] The near-bit oscillating impactor sub described in this application mitigates stick-slip vibration during drilling to a certain extent, thereby effectively increasing drilling speed. Positioned between the drill bit and drill string, this sub is a crucial component of the drilling system. During operation, it ensures that it does not interfere with the torque transmitted by the drill string, thus maintaining wellbore stability. More importantly, it effectively suppresses stick-slip vibration, extending the service life of the drill bit and drilling system, and enabling efficient and stable rock-breaking operations in deep hard formations. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub described in this application can achieve efficient mining of deep hard formations.

[0046] The above technical features constitute various embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A near-drill bit oscillating impactor sub, characterized in that... The assembly includes an upper connector, a sleeve, an anvil, a hammer, a guide plate, a turbine, a drive rod, and a limiting assembly. A sleeve is fixedly installed at the lower end of the upper connector. A lower limiting ring is fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the sleeve. An anvil is fitted inside the lower limiting ring. A lower connector is fixedly installed at the lower end of the anvil. A gap exists between the upper end of the lower connector and the lower end of the lower limiting ring. A suspension ring is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the anvil, with its lower end contacting the upper end of the lower limiting ring. A hammer is fitted inside the sleeve corresponding to the position above the anvil. A hollow transmission rod is fixedly installed between the lower end of the hammer and the upper end of the anvil. Several vertically penetrating lower flow holes are distributed circumferentially at intervals on the lower end of the hammer corresponding to the position inside the transmission rod. Several spiral-shaped holes are evenly distributed circumferentially at intervals on the inner side of the sleeve corresponding to the position above the hammer. A spiral guide block is provided, with the projections of the spiral guide blocks on the horizontal plane evenly distributed around the circumference. A slider corresponding to the guide block is fixed to the outside of the hammer. A drive rod with its upper end above the guide block is fixedly installed in the center of the hammer. A turbine is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the drive rod. Several spiral flow channels are evenly distributed around the outer side of the upper end of the turbine, and the spiral direction of the flow channels is the same as that of the guide block. A guide plate is rotatably installed on the outer side of the lower part of the drive rod corresponding to the upper position of the hammer. The upper end of the guide plate has an upper flow hole that is vertically connected and corresponds to one of the lower flow holes. A limiting component is provided between the outer side of the guide plate and the inner side of the sleeve. When the turbine rotates, the limiting component causes the guide plate to move up and down reciprocally.

2. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub according to claim 1, characterized in that... The limiting component includes a slide rail and a positioning block. A slide rail is fixedly installed between two adjacent guide blocks and is fixedly mounted to the inside of the sleeve. The slide rail is long and the upper end is located above the guide block. A positioning block is fixedly installed on the outside of the guide plate corresponding to each slide rail position. Each positioning block has a limiting groove that runs vertically through and opens outwards on its outside. The slider is slidably installed in the limiting groove at the corresponding position.

3. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... An upper limit ring is fixed inside the sleeve corresponding to the upper end of the transmission rod, and the lower end of the guide block is fixedly installed together with the upper end of the upper limit ring at the corresponding position.

4. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The lower end of the punch has two vertically connected fan-shaped flow holes distributed at intervals along the circumference. The upper flow hole is also fan-shaped. After the punch rotates, the projections of the upper flow hole and the two lower flow holes on the horizontal plane gradually change from completely overlapping to completely non-overlapping, or from completely non-overlapping to completely overlapping.

5. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub according to claim 3, characterized in that... The lower end of the punch has two vertically connected fan-shaped flow holes distributed at intervals along the circumference. The upper flow hole is also fan-shaped. After the punch rotates, the projections of the upper flow hole and the two lower flow holes on the horizontal plane gradually change from completely overlapping to completely non-overlapping, or from completely non-overlapping to completely overlapping.

6. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub according to claim 1, 2, or 5, characterized in that... The outer contours of the cross sections of both the drive rod and the transmission rod are regular polygons. The guide plate has a circular guide hole that runs vertically through the center. The diameter of the circumscribed circle of the cross section of the drive rod is smaller than the diameter of the guide hole.

7. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub according to claim 3, characterized in that... The outer contours of the cross sections of both the drive rod and the transmission rod are regular polygons. The guide plate has a circular guide hole that runs vertically through the center. The diameter of the circumscribed circle of the cross section of the drive rod is smaller than the diameter of the guide hole.

8. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub according to claim 4, characterized in that... The outer contours of the cross sections of both the drive rod and the transmission rod are regular polygons. The guide plate has a circular guide hole that runs vertically through the center. The diameter of the circumscribed circle of the cross section of the drive rod is smaller than the diameter of the guide hole.

9. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub according to claim 1, 2, 5, 7, or 8, characterized in that... A fixing nut is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drive rod corresponding to the position above the turbine.

10. The near-bit oscillating impactor sub according to claim 3, characterized in that... A fixing nut is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drive rod corresponding to the position above the turbine.

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