A simulation test system for large-angle inclined non-circular tunnel intelligent profiling excavation

Abstract

This invention relates to a simulation test system for intelligent contour-following excavation of large-angle inclined non-circular tunnels, belonging to the field of underground engineering model testing. It includes a support platform, an excavation device, a dust collection mechanism, and a cooling mechanism. The excavation device is mounted on the support platform, which is used to adjust the height and excavation angle of the device. The dust collection mechanism, installed on the excavation device, is used to absorb dust generated during the excavation process. The cooling mechanism, also installed on the excavation device, is used to cool the device. This invention allows for a wide range of adjustments to the height and inclination angle of the non-circular tunnel excavation device using a large-angle inclined support platform, enabling tunnel excavation at different heights and angles. The non-circular tunnel excavation device can meet the simulation excavation needs of tunnels with different shapes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering model testing, specifically to a simulation test system for intelligent contour excavation of a large-angle inclined non-circular tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] Physical simulation testing is an experimental method based on similarity theory and similar materials, using scaled-down models to study the stability issues such as deformation and failure of underground tunnels and factories. After the model is loaded, it simulates construction processes such as excavation and support, and monitors data such as deformation, strain, and stress inside the model in real time. The test results are used to guide on-site construction. Together with laboratory testing, numerical analysis, and on-site monitoring, it constitutes the four research methods in geotechnical engineering.

[0003] According to the principle of similarity, the shape of the tunnel model in geotechnical engineering similarity physical model tests should be similar to that of the prototype tunnel, but its size is generally only 1 / 10 to 1 / 200 of that of the prototype tunnel. Common shapes of geotechnical engineering tunnels include circular, straight-walled arch, three-centered arch, and rectangular. The better the similarity of the test model, the more similar the tunnel excavation and other construction processes are to the prototype project, the higher the reliability of the test results, and the greater the reference value for engineers.

[0004] Currently, high-precision excavation of circular tunnels has been achieved in physical simulation experiments. For example, the quantitative simulation test system and method for inducing coal and gas outbursts during the excavation of stone tunnels, invented by Chinese patent CN201711463818.7, realizes quantitative control of the excavation and outburst process capture of circular tunnels in coal and gas outburst model tests; the full-cut excavation test device for circular tunnels, invented by Chinese patent CN201620279733.8, is suitable for full-section cutting excavation of circular tunnels in similar simulation tests; and the matching three-dimensional physical model test robot system simulation mining method, invented by Chinese patent CN201610278246.4, can realize automatic excavation and working face mining of simulated circular tunnels through robots.

[0005] However, for non-circular tunnels commonly used in engineering projects, such as straight-wall arch, three-center arch, and rectangular tunnels, one-time full-section mechanical automatic excavation has not yet been achieved in model tests. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address at least one technical problem in the background art, the present invention provides a simulation test system for intelligent contour excavation of large-angle inclined non-circular tunnels. The system can utilize a large-angle inclined support platform to adjust the height and inclination angle of the non-circular tunnel excavation device over a wide range, enabling tunnel excavation at different heights and angles. The non-circular tunnel excavation device can meet the simulation excavation requirements of tunnels with different shapes.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a simulation test system for intelligent contour tunneling of a large-angle inclined non-circular tunnel, comprising: a support platform, a tunneling device, a dust collection mechanism, and a cooling mechanism. The tunneling device is mounted on the support platform, which is used to adjust the height and tunneling angle of the tunneling device. The dust collection mechanism is installed on the tunneling device and is used to absorb dust generated during the tunneling process. The cooling mechanism is installed on the tunneling device and is used to cool the tunneling device.

[0008] Furthermore, the support platform includes a support frame, a back plate, a top plate, and an adjustment assembly. The top plate is mounted on the support frame via the adjustment assembly, and the bottom end of the back plate is connected to the support frame, while one side of its top end is connected to the adjustment assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic cylinder, a T-shaped rod, an L-shaped rod, a hinged rod, a first crossbar, a second crossbar, and a third crossbar. The middle portions of the two T-shaped rods are hinged to the side of the support frame near the back plate, and the middle portions of the two L-shaped rods are hinged to the side of the support frame away from the back plate. The first ends of the two T-shaped rods are connected by the first crossbar, the second ends of the two T-shaped rods are connected by the second crossbar, and the first ends of the two L-shaped rods are connected by the third crossbar. The third ends of the two T-shaped rods and the second ends of the two L-shaped rods are all hinged to the top plate via the hinged rod. The fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the back plate, and its output end is rotatably connected to the first crossbar. The fixed end of the second hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the second crossbar, and its output end is rotatably connected to the third crossbar.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly also includes two supporting hydraulic cylinders, with their bottom ends hinged to the middle of the support frame and their top ends hinged to the top plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the tunneling device includes a vehicle body, a tracked walking mechanism, a drive motor, a contour frame, and a main cutter assembly. The tracked walking mechanism is installed at the bottom of the vehicle body, the drive motor is installed at the top of the vehicle body, the contour frame is installed on one side of the vehicle body, and the output shaft of the drive motor passes through the contour frame and is connected to the main cutter assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the main tool assembly includes a cutter head, a front cutter head, and a rear cutter head. The cutter head has three front cutter heads evenly distributed on it, and each front cutter head has a plurality of grooves and teeth arranged alternately. The rear cutter head is mounted on the periphery of the cutter head by a spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the tooth groove has a width of 15mm and a depth of 5mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the dust collection mechanism includes a blower and a dust collection box. The cutter disc has a dust inlet, and a filter screen is installed at the dust inlet. The dust collection box is detachably installed on the vehicle body and is connected to the dust inlet through a dust inlet pipe, on which a blower is installed.

[0015] Furthermore, the cooling mechanism includes a cooling water tank, a circulating pump, and a circulating pipeline; the cooling water tank is mounted on the frame, the circulating pump is located inside the cooling water tank and connected to the circulating pipeline, and the circulating pipeline connects the cooling water tank and the front cutter head.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a large-angle inclined support platform to adjust the height and tilt angle of a non-circular tunnel excavation device over a wide range, enabling tunnel excavation at different heights and angles. The non-circular tunnel excavation device can meet the simulated excavation needs of tunnels with different shapes. A dust collection mechanism can collect dust generated during excavation, significantly improving the working environment. A cooling mechanism can reduce the heat generated by the main cutter assembly during excavation, greatly reducing the risk of damage caused by overheating. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support platform of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support platform of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tunneling device of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tunneling device of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Among them, 1-support frame; 2-back plate; 3-top plate; 4-first hydraulic cylinder; 5-second hydraulic cylinder; 6-T-shaped rod; 7-L-shaped rod; 8-hinged rod; 9-crossbar one; 10-crossbar two; 11-crossbar three; 12-support hydraulic cylinder; 13-vehicle body; 14-track walking mechanism; 15-drive motor; 16-contour frame; 17-cutter head; 18-front cutter head; 19-rear cutter head; 20-exhaust fan; 21-dust collection box; 22-dust inlet; 23-dust inlet pipe; 24-cooling water tank; 25-circulation pump; 26-circulation pipe; 27-secondary cutter assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0021] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0022] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a simulation test system for intelligent contour tunneling of a large-angle inclined non-circular tunnel, comprising: a support platform, a tunneling device, a dust collection mechanism, and a cooling mechanism. The tunneling device is mounted on the support platform, which is used to adjust the height and tunneling angle of the tunneling device. The dust collection mechanism is installed on the tunneling device and is used to absorb dust generated during the tunneling process. The cooling mechanism is installed on the tunneling device and is used to cool the tunneling device.

[0025] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The support platform includes a support frame 1, a back plate 2, a top plate 3, and an adjustment assembly. The top plate 3 is mounted on the support frame 1 via the adjustment assembly. The bottom end of the back plate 2 is connected to the support frame 1, and one side of its top end is connected to the adjustment assembly. The support frame 1 serves as the base of the entire platform, providing a stable load-bearing structure and ensuring the operational stability of the tunneling device under high-angle and high-load conditions. The back plate 2 not only provides structural support but also connects to the adjustment assembly, assisting in the tilt adjustment of the top plate and enhancing overall rigidity. The top plate 3 directly supports the tunneling device and, through the drive of the adjustment assembly, achieves changes in height and angle, serving as the direct actuator for the platform's adjustment functions.

[0026] The adjustment assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder 4, a second hydraulic cylinder 5, a T-shaped rod 6, an L-shaped rod 7, a hinged rod 8, a first crossbar 9, a second crossbar 10, and a third crossbar 11. The middle parts of the two T-shaped rods 6 are hinged to the side of the support frame 1 near the back plate 2, and the middle parts of the two L-shaped rods 7 are hinged to the side of the support frame 1 away from the back plate. The first ends of the two T-shaped rods 6 are connected by the first crossbar 9, the second ends of the two T-shaped rods 6 are connected by the second crossbar 10, and the first ends of the two L-shaped rods 7 are connected by the third crossbar 11. The third ends of the two T-shaped rods 6 and the second ends of the two L-shaped rods 7 are all hinged to the top plate 3 via the hinged rod 8. The fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is hinged to the back plate 2, and the output end is rotatably connected to the first crossbar 9. The fixed end of the second hydraulic cylinder 4 is rotatably connected to the second crossbar 10, and the output end is rotatably connected to the third crossbar 11.

[0027] The first hydraulic cylinder 4 and the second hydraulic cylinder 5 provide the power source, driving the crossbar to move via extension and retraction, which in turn drives the T-shaped rod 6 and the L-shaped rod 7 to swing, thus achieving the lifting and tilting of the roof plate 3. The two hydraulic cylinders work together to ensure a smooth and precise adjustment process. The T-shaped rod 6 and the L-shaped rod 7, as key components of the four-bar linkage, transmit and convert force through hinges, enabling the roof plate to tilt within a large angle range (e.g., 30°~60°), meeting the simulation requirements of large-angle tunnel excavation. Crossbar 1 9, crossbar 2 10, and crossbar 3 11 serve to connect and synchronize, ensuring consistent movement of the rods on both sides and preventing uneven adjustment caused by eccentric loading. The hinge rod 8 connects the T-shaped rod 6, the L-shaped rod 7, and the roof plate 3, allowing the roof plate 3 to maintain a stable relative position with the excavation device during adjustment, avoiding device instability due to angle changes.

[0028] The adjustment assembly also includes two supporting hydraulic cylinders 12, each with its bottom end hinged to the middle of the support frame 1 and its top end hinged to the top plate 3. The supporting hydraulic cylinders 12 provide auxiliary support force, enhancing the stability of the top plate 3 under heavy loads. This not only provides support for the tunneling device, preventing deflection of the top plate due to the device's own weight, but also prevents deformation or vibration of the support platform caused by the tunneling reaction force, thus improving the overall rigidity and safety of the system.

[0029] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The tunneling device includes a vehicle body 13, a tracked walking mechanism 14, a drive motor 15, a contour frame 16, a main cutter assembly, and a secondary cutter assembly 27. The tracked walking mechanism 14 is mounted at the bottom of the vehicle body 13. The main cutter assembly is located at the center of the contour frame 16, and the secondary cutter assembly 27 is arranged around the main cutter assembly. The drive motor 15 is mounted at the top of the vehicle body 13, and the contour frame 16 is mounted on one side of the vehicle body 13. The drive motor 15 is connected to the main cutter assembly and the secondary cutter assembly 27 through a reducer. The vehicle body 13 serves as the carrying platform for the tunneling device, integrating the drive motor 15, the contour frame 16, the main cutter assembly, etc., with a compact structure that facilitates movement and positioning. The tracked walking mechanism 14 provides good ground adaptability, enabling stable movement on loose or uneven material surfaces in model tests, ensuring propulsion accuracy during tunneling. The drive motor 15 provides stable rotational power, driving the cutterhead to rotate through the output shaft for continuous cutting. The power and speed of the drive motor 15 are adjustable to adapt to the testing requirements of different material strengths and tunneling speeds. The contour frame 16 serves as a guide structure for the main cutter assembly and distributes the main cutter assembly and auxiliary cutter assembly, ensuring that the cutterhead maintains a predetermined trajectory during tunneling. It is particularly suitable for shaping non-circular cross-sections, enabling contour tunneling. By adjusting the shape of the contour frame 16 and the arrangement of the auxiliary cutter assembly, the excavation of non-circular cross-section tunnels such as straight-wall arch, three-center arch, and rectangular tunnels can be achieved.

[0030] The main cutting tool assembly includes a cutter head 17, a front cutter head 18, and a rear cutter head 19. Three front cutter heads 18 are evenly distributed on the cutter head 17, each with a plurality of grooves and teeth arranged in an alternating pattern. The rear cutter head 19 is mounted on the periphery of the cutter head 17 via springs. The cutter head 17 supports the front cutter heads 18 and the rear cutter head 19, enabling rotary cutting. The three evenly distributed front cutter heads 18, with their grooves, enhance cutting efficiency. The width and depth of the grooves are optimized to effectively break up the model material while preventing clogging. During rotation, the rear cutter head 19 continuously extends and retracts to adjust its length under the action of springs. The springs ensure smoother extension and retraction of the rear cutter head 19, adaptively adjusting the cutting depth, reducing the risk of tool jamming, and extending tool life. During tunneling, the front cutter heads 18 and the rear cutter head 19 rotate coaxially, working together to excavate the tunnel.

[0031] The technical solution was further optimized. The width of the tooth groove is 15mm to ensure the rigidity of the cutter head during the cutting process; the depth is 5mm, which corresponds to the tunnel excavation speed on the engineering site according to the similar scale, and truly simulates the on-site excavation conditions.

[0032] refer to Figure 5 The dust collection mechanism includes a blower 20 and a dust collection box 21. A dust inlet 22 is provided on the cutter head 17, and a filter screen is installed at the dust inlet 22. The dust collection box 21 is detachably mounted on the vehicle body 13 and connected to the dust inlet 22 via a dust inlet pipe 23, on which the blower 20 is installed. The blower 20 provides negative pressure suction, drawing dust generated during the excavation process into the dust collection box 21 through the dust inlet pipe 23. The detachable design of the dust collection box 21 facilitates cleaning and maintenance, reduces dust leakage, improves the testing environment, and protects the health of operators. The dust inlet 22 is located on the cutter head 17, close to the cutting area, ensuring that dust is absorbed in its initial stage. The filter screen prevents large particles from entering the pipeline system, avoiding blockages and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the dust collection system.

[0033] refer to Figure 6 The cooling mechanism includes a cooling water tank 24, a circulating pump 25, and a circulating pipeline 26. The cooling water tank 24 is mounted on the frame 1. The circulating pump 25 is located inside the cooling water tank 24 and connected to the circulating pipeline 26. The circulating pipeline 26 connects the cooling water tank 24 to the front cutter head 18. The cooling water tank 24 stores a cooling medium (such as water or a special coolant) to provide continuous cooling support for the cutter. The circulating pump 25 drives the coolant to flow in the circulating pipeline 26, forming a closed-loop cooling system to ensure a continuous and stable cooling effect. The circulating pipeline 26 connects the cooling water tank 24 to the front cutter head 18, directly delivering the coolant to the high-temperature area to remove the heat generated by cutting, preventing the cutter from overheating and softening or experiencing accelerated wear, thereby improving the cutter's service life and tunneling efficiency.

[0034] This invention utilizes a multi-hydraulic cylinder linkage mechanism on the support platform, enabling the tunneling device to achieve a wide range of adjustments in both vertical and inclined directions, adapting to the testing requirements of non-circular tunnel models with varying burial depths and inclination angles. Through the cooperation of the contour frame and the main cutter assembly, it can simulate various non-circular cross-sections (such as straight-wall arches, three-centered arches, and rectangles), filling the gap in existing technology for the automatic forming of non-circular cross-sections. The dust collection mechanism effectively collects dust, reducing pollution during testing and improving operational safety. The cooling mechanism significantly reduces the thermal load on the cutter, extending its service life and ensuring the feasibility of long-term continuous testing. The system structure design facilitates the integration of sensors and control systems, and in the future, it can further realize automatic monitoring and intelligent control of the tunneling process, improving test accuracy and repeatability.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation test system for intelligent contour-following tunneling of a large-angle inclined non-circular tunnel, characterized in that, include: The system includes a support platform, a tunneling device, a dust collection mechanism, and a cooling mechanism. The tunneling device is mounted on the support platform, which is used to adjust the height and tunneling angle of the tunneling device. The dust collection mechanism is installed on the tunneling device and is used to absorb the dust generated during the tunneling process. The cooling mechanism is installed on the tunneling device and is used to cool the tunneling device.

2. The intelligent contour-following tunneling simulation test system for large-angle inclined non-circular tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support platform includes a support frame, a back plate, a top plate, and an adjustment assembly. The top plate is mounted on the support frame via the adjustment assembly. The bottom end of the back plate is connected to the support frame, and one side of its top end is connected to the adjustment assembly.

3. The simulation test system for intelligent contour tunneling of a large-angle inclined non-circular tunnel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic cylinder, a T-shaped rod, an L-shaped rod, a hinged rod, a first crossbar, a second crossbar, and a third crossbar. The middle portions of the two T-shaped rods are hinged to the side of the support frame near the back plate, and the middle portions of the two L-shaped rods are hinged to the side of the support frame away from the back plate. The first ends of the two T-shaped rods are connected by the first crossbar, the second ends of the two T-shaped rods are connected by the second crossbar, and the first ends of the two L-shaped rods are connected by the third crossbar. The third ends of the two T-shaped rods and the second ends of the two L-shaped rods are all hinged to the top plate via the hinged rod. The fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the back plate, and its output end is rotatably connected to the first crossbar. The fixed end of the second hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the second crossbar, and its output end is rotatably connected to the third crossbar.

4. The intelligent contour-following tunneling simulation test system for large-angle inclined non-circular tunnels as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly also includes two supporting hydraulic cylinders, with their bottom ends hinged to the middle of the support frame and their top ends hinged to the top plate.

5. The intelligent contour-following tunneling simulation test system for large-angle inclined non-circular tunnels as described in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The tunneling device includes a vehicle body, a tracked walking mechanism, a drive motor, a contour frame, a main cutter assembly, and a secondary cutter assembly. The tracked walking mechanism is installed at the bottom of the vehicle body, the main cutter assembly is located at the center of the contour frame, and the secondary cutter assembly is arranged around the main cutter assembly. The drive motor is installed at the top of the vehicle body, and the contour frame is installed on one side of the vehicle body. The drive motor is connected to the main cutter assembly and the secondary cutter assembly through a reducer.

6. The intelligent contour-following tunneling simulation test system for large-angle inclined non-circular tunnels as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The main cutting tool assembly includes a cutting head, a front cutting head, and a rear cutting head. Three front cutting heads are evenly distributed on the cutting head, and each front cutting head has a number of grooves and teeth arranged alternately. The rear cutting head is mounted on the periphery of the cutting head by a spring.

7. The simulation test system for intelligent contour tunneling of a large-angle inclined non-circular tunnel as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The tooth groove is 15mm wide and 5mm deep.

8. The simulation test system for intelligent contour tunneling of a large-angle inclined non-circular tunnel as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The dust collection mechanism includes a blower and a dust collection box. The cutter disc has a dust inlet, and a filter screen is installed at the dust inlet. The dust collection box is detachably installed on the vehicle body and is connected to the dust inlet through a dust inlet pipe, on which the blower is installed.

9. The intelligent contour-following tunneling simulation test system for large-angle inclined non-circular tunnels as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The cooling mechanism includes a cooling water tank, a circulating pump, and a circulating pipeline; the cooling water tank is mounted on the frame, the circulating pump is located inside the cooling water tank and connected to the circulating pipeline, and the circulating pipeline connects the cooling water tank and the front cutter head.

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