Disconnecting unit, power transmission system of a vehicle, synchronization mechanism of a vehicle and vehicle

Abstract

This disclosure provides a disconnection unit, comprising: a connecting shaft, coaxially arranged with a first shaft, one end of which is rotatably supported on the first shaft, and the other end fixedly connected to a first component; a sliding sleeve, respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the first shaft and the connecting shaft, the sliding sleeve being rotatably fixedly connected to the first shaft and capable of axial reciprocating a distance to engage or disengage with the connecting shaft, wherein in the engaged state the first shaft rotates together with the first component, and in the disengaged state the first shaft is independent of the first component, the sliding sleeve having an outwardly open circumferential groove; a driving device, including a driving block extending into the circumferential groove and rotating about a rotation axis to drive the sliding sleeve to axially reciprocate a distance; and a sleeve displacement device configured to drive the sliding sleeve to move a further additional distance in the same direction after the sliding sleeve has moved an axial distance. This disclosure also provides a vehicle powertrain system, a vehicle synchronization mechanism, and a vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a disconnection unit for engaging or disengaging a first component from a first shaft. This disclosure also relates to a vehicle's powertrain and a vehicle's synchronization mechanism, which includes the disconnection unit. This disclosure further relates to a vehicle that includes the powertrain and / or the synchronization mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Due to environmental concerns and rising fuel costs, the current trend is towards developing electric vehicles, such as pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, range-extended electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles.

[0003] Four-wheel drive electric vehicles are equipped with motors at both the front and rear, typically consisting of a main drive motor and an auxiliary drive motor. In certain situations, the auxiliary drive motor can be inactive. For example, it may engage during acceleration or under special operating conditions, or when the driver requires a high-performance mode. However, even when the auxiliary drive motor is not operating, the wheels still drive the auxiliary drive differential, which in turn causes all connected transmission mechanisms and motors to rotate, resulting in drag losses. To improve efficiency, a disconnect mechanism is added to the electric vehicle's powertrain to reduce drag losses.

[0004] A disconnecting mechanism typically includes a sliding sleeve that can reciprocate axially, thereby engaging and disengaging the power output shaft from the driven shaft or driven component. The motor actuator of the disconnecting mechanism drives the axial movement of the sliding sleeve and is usually connected to a reducer mechanism for increasing torque, such as a planetary gear reducer with an eccentric wheel drive block, or a cycloidal gear reducer with a cam drive block. The drive block of these reducer mechanisms drives the sliding sleeve in a linear reciprocating motion driven by a rotating shaft. The drive block remains in contact with the sliding sleeve in both the engaged and disengaged states of the disconnecting mechanism. This contact causes wear on both the drive block and the sliding sleeve as the sleeve rotates. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a disconnection unit, a power transmission system of a vehicle including the disconnection unit, a synchronization mechanism of the vehicle including the disconnection unit, and the vehicle. The disconnection unit avoids wear of the drive block and the sliding sleeve, and has a simple structure, long service life, and low cost.

[0006] The above objective is achieved through the disconnection unit described below.

[0007] This disclosure provides a disconnection unit for engaging and disengaging a first shaft from a first component. The disconnection unit includes: a connecting shaft coaxially arranged with the first shaft, one end of which is rotatably supported on the first shaft, and the other end fixedly connected to the first component; a sliding sleeve respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the first shaft and the connecting shaft, the sliding sleeve being rotatably fixedly connected to the first shaft and capable of axial reciprocating a distance to engage or disengage with the connecting shaft; in the engaged state, the first shaft rotates together with the first component, and in the disengaged state, the first shaft is independent of the first component; the sliding sleeve has an outwardly open circumferential groove; a driving device including a driving block extending into the circumferential groove of the sliding sleeve and rotating about a rotation axis to drive the sliding sleeve to axially reciprocate the distance along the axial direction; and a sleeve displacement device configured to drive the sliding sleeve to move further in the same direction a further distance after the sliding sleeve has moved the axial distance along the axial direction.

[0008] This disclosure achieves separation between the drive block and the sliding sleeve by causing the sliding sleeve to move an additional distance, thus avoiding wear problems caused by contact between the two during the rotation of the sliding sleeve.

[0009] It should be noted that the term "rotationally fixed" as used in this article refers to a connection where two components can rotate together, with their relative movement along the rotational direction (e.g., circumferential) restricted, thus allowing them to rotate together. "Rotationally fixed" does not restrict displacement along the axis of rotation, i.e., axial displacement; therefore, the two components in a rotationally fixed connection can experience relative displacement along the axis of rotation. If the displacement along the axis of rotation is also fixed, then the two components can be considered completely fixedly connected.

[0010] It should also be noted that in the disengaged state, the first shaft is independent of the first component, which means that the motion of the first shaft is unrelated to the motion of the first component. That is, the first shaft and the first component can rotate independently, but it does not mean that there is no connection between them.

[0011] The disconnection unit according to this disclosure may also have one or more of the following features, individually or in combination.

[0012] In one embodiment, the sleeve shifting device includes: a first recess and a second recess spaced apart axially; and an elastic engagement member including an elastic body and an engagement head that can be driven by the elastic body, wherein the engagement head can engage in the first recess or the second recess. The force that causes the sliding sleeve to move an additional distance comes from the elastic bias force of the sleeve shifting device, which makes the disconnecting unit simple in structure, easy to implement, and low in cost.

[0013] In one embodiment, the elastic coupling is disposed on one of the first shaft and the sliding sleeve, and the first recess and the second recess are disposed on the other of the first shaft and the sliding sleeve.

[0014] In one embodiment, the resilient coupling is a ball-head plunger, wherein the resilient body is a spring and the coupling head is a spherical member. The ball-head plunger is a known mechanical part, and the design of the disconnecting unit disclosed herein requires no complex modification.

[0015] In one embodiment, the sleeve displacement device includes a plurality of resiliently engaged members evenly distributed circumferentially along the first axis. This makes axial movement of an additional distance smoother and has less impact on other components and rotational fit.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first recess and / or the second recess is a circumferential recess or a discrete recess corresponding to the elastic coupling. This construction makes the disconnecting unit simple in structure and low in cost.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first recess and / or the second recess is a V-groove. This allows the resilient coupling to apply axial force to the sliding sleeve more efficiently.

[0018] In one embodiment, the number of the resilient couplings, the opening angle of the first recess and / or the second recess, and the end face pressure of the resilient couplings are set such that the sliding sleeve is driven to move further axially by the additional distance. The disconnection unit of this disclosure allows for selection of the number of resilient couplings according to different applications, offering high flexibility and a wide range of applications.

[0019] In one embodiment, the inner side of the sliding sleeve is further provided with multiple splines, and the outer side of the connecting shaft is provided with multiple spline grooves that mate with the multiple splines. When the sliding sleeve moves axially by the axial distance and disengages from the connecting shaft, the axial distance between the first axial end wall of the spline and the adjacent first axial end wall of the corresponding spline groove is greater than the additional distance. This ensures that the sliding sleeve can move further an additional distance without obstruction.

[0020] In one embodiment, the drive block is selected from the group including a cam and an eccentric wheel.

[0021] In one embodiment, the drive device further includes a parallel shaft gear reducer having an output shaft, and the drive block is fixedly connected to the output shaft to be driven to rotate by the parallel shaft gear reducer.

[0022] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a powertrain system for a vehicle, comprising: a drive motor having a drive shaft; a reduction gearbox having at least one transmission shaft; and a disconnection unit according to the above description, wherein the first shaft is either the drive shaft or the at least one transmission shaft.

[0023] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a synchronization mechanism for a vehicle, comprising: a differential having a differential output shaft; and a disconnection unit as described above, wherein the first shaft is the differential output shaft and the first component is a wheel of the vehicle.

[0024] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a vehicle including the powertrain system as described above and / or the synchronization mechanism as described above. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly described below. The drawings are merely illustrative of some embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of all embodiments of this disclosure. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 A partial perspective view of a vehicle disconnection unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 2 An overall cross-sectional view of a vehicle disconnection unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of a vehicle disconnection unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of a sleeve displacement device for a vehicle disconnection unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the sliding sleeve and connecting shaft of a vehicle disconnection unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 6 Cross-sectional views of the drive block and sleeve shifting device of a vehicle disconnection unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown in different states.

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the force applied to the sleeve displacement device of a vehicle disconnection unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same components. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not necessarily indicate a quantity limitation. The terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the element or object listed following the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected” or “connected,” and similar terms are not limited to the physical or mechanical connection or connection shown in the drawings, but may include equivalent connections or connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, which may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes.

[0035] The following is for reference. Figures 1 to 7 The present disclosure provides a detailed description of various embodiments of the disconnection unit for a vehicle according to the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 1 A partial perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the disconnection unit of this disclosure is shown. Figure 2 and 3 The diagrams show an overall cross-sectional view and a partial cross-sectional view of the disconnection unit of the present invention in the disengaged state.

[0037] Depend on Figure 1 As can be seen, the disconnection unit 10 is used to engage and disengage the first shaft 1 from the first component 2. The disconnection unit includes a connecting shaft 3, a sliding sleeve 4, and a driving device 6.

[0038] The connecting shaft 3 is arranged coaxially with the first shaft 1. One end of the connecting shaft 3 is rotatably supported on the first shaft 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first component 2.

[0039] The sliding sleeve 4 is respectively sleeved on the outer side of the first shaft 1 and the connecting shaft 3. The sliding sleeve 12 is rotatably fixed to the first shaft 1 and can reciprocate axially a distance to engage or disengage with the connecting shaft 3. The sliding sleeve 4 is provided with a circumferential groove 5 that opens outward. Here, the axial direction is the horizontal direction in the figure and is parallel to the extending direction of the first shaft 1, the connecting shaft 3 and the sliding sleeve 4.

[0040] from Figure 2 and 3 As can be seen, the sliding sleeve 4, the first shaft 1, and the connecting shaft 3 are concentrically mounted within the housing 21 of the disconnecting unit, for example, via ball bearings and retaining rings. Figure 1 To clearly show the component connection relationship of the disconnected unit, the outer casing 21 is omitted.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the first shaft 1 is machined such that one end is connected to the sliding sleeve 4 by an external spline to drive the sliding sleeve 4 to rotate together when rotating, and the other end is connected to the interface of a torque-outputting drive device (e.g., a differential) by an external spline to receive power. Accordingly, the inner side of the sliding sleeve 4 near the end of the first shaft 1 is provided with an internal spline that mates with the external spline of the first shaft 1.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, at the end of the sliding sleeve 4 near the connecting shaft 3, the inner side of the sliding sleeve 4 is provided with multiple splines 14, such as multi-stage internal splines or segmented internal splines. The outer side of the connecting shaft 3 is provided with multiple spline grooves 15 that mate with the multiple splines 14, such as multi-stage external splines or segmented external splines. The external splines 16 can connect with the splines 14 of the sliding sleeve 4. The outer side of the connecting shaft 3 is also provided with multiple external splines 16 that engage or disengage with the multiple splines 14. In addition, the connecting shaft 3 is also machined with an interface for internal splines to connect with the first component (e.g., a wheel).

[0043] The drive unit 6 includes a motor, a reducer, and a drive block 7. The motor is used to output torque. The reducer is connected to the motor and includes an output shaft 20, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown. For example, the reducer can be in the form of a parallel shaft gear reducer or a cycloidal gear reducer. Figure 2 The diagram shows a reducer in the form of a parallel shaft gear reducer. The drive block 7 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 20, and thus rotates about a rotation axis under the drive of the reducer. This rotation axis is an extension of the output shaft 20. Figure 2The vertical direction is as follows. The drive block 7 extends into the circumferential groove 5 of the sliding sleeve 4 to drive the sliding sleeve 4 to reciprocate axially a certain distance. The drive block 7 is here configured as, for example, a cylinder and eccentrically positioned relative to the rotation axis of the output shaft 20; however, other conventional designs may also be used, and are not limited here. For example, the drive block 7 may be a cam or an eccentric wheel, the specific form and working principle of which are known in the art and will not be described here.

[0044] When the drive block 7 rotates to the first position, the sliding sleeve 4 moves from... Figure 2 The disengaged state is shown to move horizontally to the right by an axial distance S until the multiple splines 14 on the inner side of the sliding sleeve 4 engage with the multiple external splines 16 on the outer side of the connecting shaft 3. In the engaged state, the torque of the first shaft 1 is transmitted to the first component 2 via the sliding sleeve 4 and the connecting shaft 3, and the first shaft 1 rotates together with the first component 2.

[0045] When the drive block 7 rotates from the first position to the second position, the sliding sleeve 4 moves horizontally to the left by an axial distance S from the engaged state until the multiple splines 14 on the inner side of the sliding sleeve 4 disengage from the multiple external splines 16 on the outer side of the connecting shaft 3. Figure 2 As shown. In the disengaged state, the torque of the first shaft 1 is not transmitted to the first component 2, and the first shaft 1 is independent of the first component 2. Therefore, the rotation of the first component 2 drives as few transmission components as possible, thereby reducing drag losses.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown by the dashed elliptical line, the disconnection unit also includes a sleeve displacement device 8, which is configured to drive the sliding sleeve 4 to move a further additional distance A in the same direction after the sliding sleeve 4 has moved the axial distance along the axial direction. Figure 2 The elliptical dashed line in the diagram only schematically represents a portion of the sleeve displacement device 8. Thus, after the drive block 7 drives the sliding sleeve 4 axially to engage or disengage from the connecting shaft 3, the sliding sleeve 4 moves an additional distance A, thereby separating from the drive block 7. That is, an axial gap exists between the drive block 7 and the sliding sleeve 4, the axial dimension of which is A. Therefore, when the sliding sleeve 4 rotates together with the first shaft 1, the drive block 7 and the sliding sleeve 4 no longer contact each other because there is no wear. This construction is simple, easy to implement, and increases the service life of the disconnection unit.

[0047] In some examples, such as Figure 3 and 4As shown in the enlarged schematic diagram, the sleeve shifting device 8 includes a first recess 11 and a second recess 12 spaced apart along the axial direction, and an elastic engaging member 9. The elastic engaging member 9 may include an elastic body 10 and an engaging head 13 that can be driven by the elastic body 10, the engaging head 13 being capable of engaging in the first recess 11 or the second recess 12. The power that causes the sliding sleeve to move an additional distance A comes from the elastic biasing force of the elastic body 10, which makes the disconnecting unit simple in structure, easy to implement, and low in cost.

[0048] For example, an elastic coupling 9 is disposed on the first shaft 1, and a first recess 11 and a second recess 12 are disposed on the sliding sleeve 4. The elastic coupling 9 is disposed on the outer side of the first shaft 1, and the first recess 11 and the second recess 12 are disposed on the inner surface of the sliding sleeve 4. The elastic coupling 9 is inserted into the recess of the first shaft 1, for example, by means of one end of the elastic body 10 opposite to the engaging head 13, which is fixed to the radial recess of the first shaft 1. The engaging head 13 can protrude from the radial recess to the outside of the first shaft 1 under the action of the elastic biasing force of the elastic body 10, and can apply a radially outward force under the action of the elastic biasing force.

[0049] Alternatively, the resilient coupling 9 can be disposed on the sliding sleeve 4, with the first recess 11 and the second recess 12 disposed on the first shaft 1. The resilient coupling 9 is disposed on the inner surface of the sliding sleeve 4, and the first recess 11 and the second recess 12 are disposed on the outer surface of the first shaft 1. The sliding sleeve 4 can have sufficient thickness to allow the resilient coupling 9 to be inserted into its radial recess. The engaging head 13 can protrude from the radial recess toward the first shaft 1 under the elastic biasing force of the resilient body 10 to apply a radial force thereto.

[0050] The features described below regarding the resilient joint 9, the first recess 11, and the second recess 12 apply to both of the above situations.

[0051] In other examples, the elastic coupling 9 may be disposed on the inner side of the housing 21 of the disconnecting unit, and the first recess 11 and the second recess 12 may be disposed on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve 4.

[0052] For example, the elastic coupling 9 is a ball-head plunger, the elastic body 10 is a spring, and the coupling head 13 is a spherical part. The elastic coupling 9 uses a ball-head plunger commonly used in the art, the working principle of which will not be described in detail here, and its specific form or model may vary depending on the application. The ball-head plunger is a known mechanical part, and its installation is simple; therefore, the design of the disconnection unit of this disclosure does not require complex modifications.

[0053] For example, the sleeve shifting device 8 includes a plurality of elastic couplings 9 evenly distributed circumferentially along the first axis 1. This construction simplifies the structure and reduces the cost of the disconnecting unit. For example, the sleeve shifting device 8 includes two elastic couplings 9, distributed as follows... Figure 3 As shown in the figure. For example, the sleeve shifting device 8 may include 8 elastic couplings 9, 28 elastic couplings 9, etc.

[0054] For example, the first recess 11 and / or the second recess 12 are circumferential recesses, meaning they can each extend around the inner surface of the sliding sleeve 4. For example, as Figure 4 As shown, the first recess 11 and / or the second recess 12 can be V-grooves, that is, they have a V-shaped cross section in the plane containing the radial direction (vertical direction in the figure) and the extending axis or axial direction, which mates with the engagement head 13 of the elastic coupling 9.

[0055] Alternatively, the first recess 11 and / or the second recess 12 may be discrete recesses corresponding to the elastic coupling 9, meaning the number of first recesses 11 and the number of second recesses 12 may be the same as the number of elastic couplings 9. In this case, the first recess 11 and / or the second recess 12 have a conical shape that mates with the engagement head 13 of the elastic coupling 9, and also have a V-shaped cross-section in a plane including both the radial and axial directions.

[0056] The recessed portion of the aforementioned V-shaped cross-section generates an axial force when the resilient coupling 9 acts on its sidewall, which is inclined relative to the axial direction. This force causes the sliding sleeve to move an additional distance. In other words, the above design allows the resilient coupling to apply axial force to the sliding sleeve more efficiently.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, when the sliding sleeve 4 moves an axial distance and disengages from the connecting shaft 3, the axial distance between the first axial end wall 17 of the spline 14 on the inner side of the sliding sleeve 4 and the adjacent first axial end wall 18 of the corresponding spline groove 15 on the outer side of the connecting shaft 3 is greater than the additional distance A required to achieve the clearance described above. This ensures that the sliding sleeve 4 can move an additional distance A without obstruction. Figure 5 In the figure, d represents the axial distance between the first axial end wall 17 and the first axial end wall 18 after moving an additional distance A. When designing the spline 14 and the spline groove 15, it is necessary to ensure that the distance d is greater than 0. The first axial end wall 17 is the end wall of the spline 14 facing the disengagement direction (horizontally to the left in the figure), and the first axial end wall 18 is the end wall of the spline groove 15 into which the spline 14 moves facing the engagement direction (horizontally to the right in the figure).

[0058] Figure 6 The diagram schematically illustrates the various states of the sliding sleeve 4 during axial movement, wherein... Figure 6Parts (a) and (b) show the sliding sleeve 4 in the disengaged state. Figure 6 Parts (d) and (e) show the sliding sleeve 4 in the engaged state, and (c) shows the intermediate state between the two.

[0059] When the sliding sleeve 4, driven by the drive block 7, moves from the position disengaged from the connecting shaft 3 shown in (a) to the position engaged with the connecting shaft 3 shown in (d), its movement distance is the axial distance S. During this process, the axial force applied by the drive block 7 is relatively large, causing the sliding sleeve 4 to press the elastic engagement member 9 of the sleeve displacement device 8 into the recess on the first shaft 1. As shown in part (d), the right end wall of the drive block 7 is still in contact with the circumferential groove 5 of the sliding sleeve 4, and this contact causes wear between the two when the sliding sleeve 4 rotates. The elastic engagement member 9 of the sleeve displacement device 8 applies an axial force to the sliding sleeve 4 at the second recess 12 to cause the sliding sleeve 4 to continue moving an additional distance A in the axial direction to the right to the position shown in (e), thereby forming a gap G1 between the right end wall of the drive block 7 and the circumferential groove 5 of the sliding sleeve 4.

[0060] When the sliding sleeve 4, driven by the drive block 7, moves from the position engaged with the connecting shaft 3 shown in (e) to the position disengaged from the connecting shaft 3 shown in (b), its movement distance is also an axial distance S. During this process, the axial force applied by the drive block 7 is relatively large, causing the sliding sleeve 4 to press the elastic engagement member 9 of the sleeve displacement device 8 into the recess on the first shaft 1. As shown in part (b), the left end wall of the drive block 7 is still in contact with the circumferential groove 5 of the sliding sleeve 4, and this contact causes wear between the two when the sliding sleeve 4 rotates. The elastic engagement member 9 of the sleeve displacement device 8 applies an axial force to the sliding sleeve 4 at the first recess 11 to cause the sliding sleeve 4 to continue moving an additional distance A in the axial direction to the left to the position shown in (a), thereby forming a gap G2 between the left end wall of the drive block 7 and the circumferential groove 5 of the sliding sleeve 4.

[0061] The axial distance D between the first recess 11 and the second recess 12 (e.g.) Figure 4 and 6 As shown, D is equal to the sum of the axial distance S and the additional distance A, i.e., D = S + A.

[0062] For example, the number of resilient couplings 9, the opening angle of the first recess 11 and / or the second recess 12, and the end face pressure of the resilient couplings 9 are set such that the drive sliding sleeve 4 can move further axially by the additional distance A described above. Figure 7As shown, the opening angles of the first recess 11 and the second recess 12 are α, respectively. The end face pressure of each elastic coupling 9 is F (i.e., the force along the extension direction of the elastic body 10). When the coupling heads 13 of the N elastic couplings 9 act on the inclined wall of the first recess 11 or the second recess 12, an axial force Fx is generated. The following relationships apply to the above elements:

[0063] Fx = N x F / tan(α / 2).

[0064] For example, when α = 60°, F is 9 Newtons, and N is 28, Fx is 436.5 Newtons. For example, when α = 90°, F is 2.75 Newtons, and N is 8, Fx is 22 Newtons. The sleeve shifting device 8 of the disconnecting unit of this disclosure can also achieve an axial force of any value between the above two values. This disclosure can determine the required number of ball plungers according to the required axial force Fx and the model of the ball plunger used. The axial force Fx is usually the axial frictional force caused by residual torque. This disclosure has high structural flexibility and a wide range of applications.

[0065] The powertrain system of the vehicle disclosed herein includes: a drive motor (not shown) having a drive shaft; a reduction gearbox (not shown) having at least one transmission shaft; and the disconnect unit described above, wherein the first shaft 1 is either the drive shaft or the at least one transmission shaft. It should be understood that the powertrain system of this disclosure also has the advantages described above regarding the disconnect unit.

[0066] The vehicle synchronization mechanism disclosed herein includes: a differential (not shown) having a differential output shaft; and the aforementioned disconnect unit, wherein the first shaft 1 is the differential output shaft and the first component 2 is a wheel of the vehicle. It should be understood that the synchronization mechanism of this disclosure also possesses the advantages described above regarding the disconnect unit.

[0067] The vehicle disclosed herein includes the powertrain system and / or the synchronization mechanism described above. The vehicle may be an electrified vehicle, such as a battery electric vehicle (BEV), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), or a range-extended electrified vehicle (REEV). The vehicle may also be a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. It should be understood that the vehicle of this disclosure also possesses the advantages described above regarding the disconnect unit, powertrain system, and synchronization mechanism.

[0068] The technical features disclosed above are not limited to the combinations of the disclosed features with other features. Those skilled in the art can also make other combinations of the technical features according to the purpose of the invention, in order to achieve the purpose of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A disconnection unit for engaging and disengaging a first shaft (1) from a first component (2), wherein, The disconnection unit includes: A connecting shaft (3) is arranged coaxially with the first shaft (1). One end of the connecting shaft is rotatably supported on the first shaft (1), and the other end is fixedly connected to the first component (2). A sliding sleeve (4) is respectively sleeved on the outer side of the first shaft (1) and the connecting shaft (3). The sliding sleeve is rotatably fixed to the first shaft (1) and can reciprocate axially by an axial distance (S) to engage or disengage with the connecting shaft (3). In the engaged state, the first shaft (1) rotates together with the first component (2). In the disengaged state, the first shaft (1) is independent of the first component (2). The sliding sleeve (4) is provided with a circumferential groove (5) that opens outward. The driving device (6) includes a driving block (7) that extends into the circumferential groove (5) of the sliding sleeve and rotates about a rotation axis to drive the sliding sleeve (4) to reciprocate axially by the axial distance (S); and The sleeve shifting device (8) is configured to drive the sliding sleeve (4) to move a further additional distance (A) in the same direction after the sliding sleeve (4) has moved the axial distance (S) in the axial direction.

2. The disconnection unit according to claim 1, wherein, The sleeve shifting device (8) includes: A first recess (11) and a second recess (12) spaced apart along the axial direction; and The elastic coupling (9) includes an elastic body (10) and a coupling head (13) that can be driven by the elastic body. The engagement head (13) can engage in the first recess (11) or the second recess (12).

3. The disconnection unit according to claim 2, wherein, The elastic coupling (9) is disposed on one of the first shaft (1) and the sliding sleeve (4), and the first recess (11) and the second recess (12) are disposed on the other of the first shaft (1) and the sliding sleeve (4).

4. The disconnection unit according to claim 2, wherein, The elastic coupling (9) is a ball-head plunger, wherein the elastic body (10) is a spring, and the coupling head (13) is a spherical part.

5. The disconnection unit according to claim 2, wherein, The sleeve shifting device (8) includes a plurality of elastic couplings (9) evenly distributed circumferentially along the first axis (1).

6. The disconnection unit according to claim 2, wherein, The first recess (11) and / or the second recess (12) are circumferential recesses or discrete recesses corresponding to the elastic coupling (9).

7. The disconnection unit according to claim 2, wherein, The first recess (11) and / or the second recess (12) are V-shaped grooves.

8. The disconnection unit according to claim 2, wherein, The number of the elastic couplings (9), the opening angle of the first recess (11) and / or the second recess (12), and the end face pressure of the elastic couplings (9) are set such that the sliding sleeve (4) is driven to move further axially by the additional distance (A).

9. The disconnection unit according to claim 2, wherein, The inner side of the sliding sleeve (4) is also provided with a plurality of splines (14), and the outer side of the connecting shaft (3) is provided with a plurality of spline grooves (15) that cooperate with the plurality of splines. When the sliding sleeve (4) moves the axial distance along the axial direction and disengages from the connecting shaft (3), the axial distance between the first axial end wall (17) of the spline (14) and the adjacent first axial end wall (18) of the corresponding spline groove (15) is greater than the additional distance (A).

10. The disconnection unit according to claim 1, wherein, The drive block (7) is selected from a group including a cam and an eccentric wheel.

11. The disconnection unit according to claim 1, wherein, The drive device (6) further includes a parallel shaft gear reducer having an output shaft (20), and the drive block (7) is fixedly connected to the output shaft (20) to be driven to rotate by the parallel shaft gear reducer.

12. A powertrain system for a vehicle, comprising: A drive motor with a drive shaft; A gearbox having at least one drive shaft; as well as The disconnection unit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first shaft (1) is the drive shaft or the at least one transmission shaft.

13. A vehicle synchronization mechanism, comprising: Differential, which has a differential output shaft; as well as The disconnection unit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first shaft (1) is a differential output shaft and the first component (2) is a wheel of the vehicle.

14. A vehicle comprising the powertrain system according to claim 12 and / or the synchronization mechanism according to claim 13.

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