A radial band brake mechanism

Abstract

This invention discloses a radial brake mechanism, comprising an annular cylinder, an annular piston, a radial contraction spring, and an elastic locking sleeve. An annular groove is formed on the upper surface of the annular cylinder, into which the annular piston is embedded. The radial contraction spring is disposed on the upper surface of the annular piston, and a pressure ring is provided on the upper surface of the annular piston. An injection hole communicating with the annular groove is formed on the side wall of the annular cylinder, and a component with the same structure as the upper side is provided on the lower side of the annular cylinder. A ball screw passes through the elastic locking sleeve via the lower annular end cover and exits through the upper annular end cover. This brake mechanism achieves rapid locking and releasing under pressure fluid control, and is particularly suitable for locking the feed axis screw of CNC machine tools. It can also be widely used in locking other rotating or axially moving components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mechanical transmission and control technology, and to a radial brake mechanism, which is particularly suitable for applications requiring precise control of the stopping and locking of rotating or axially moving parts, such as CNC machine tools and automated equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In mechanical transmission systems, ball screws are widely used due to their high precision, high efficiency, and long lifespan. However, in CNC machine tool applications requiring precise stopping and locking of feed, rotation, and axial movement, achieving fast, reliable, and safe locking has become a technical challenge. Traditional locking methods are often complex in structure, slow in response, and cannot effectively guarantee the safe locking of components in abnormal situations or power outages, posing safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this application aims to provide a radial brake mechanism that enables rapid locking and unlocking under pressure fluid control. It is particularly suitable for locking the feed axis lead screw of CNC machine tools, and can also be widely used in locking other rotating or axial moving parts.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a radial brake mechanism, comprising an annular cylinder, an annular piston, a radial contraction spring, and an elastic locking sleeve; The elastic locking sleeve is inserted into the central hole of the annular cylinder, the annular piston is coaxially installed in the inner cavity of the annular cylinder, and the side wall of the annular cylinder has an injection hole that communicates with the bottom of the inner cavity; a pressure ring is coaxially protruded on the end face of the annular piston, and the radial contraction spring is coaxially arranged above the annular piston and fitted on the outer diameter of the elastic locking sleeve. A shaft-like component is inserted through the elastic locking sleeve. In the initial state, the radial contraction spring pushes the elastic locking sleeve to radially contract and clamp the shaft-like component to complete the locking. When pressure is injected through the injection hole, the annular piston moves axially and pushes the radial contraction spring to axially deform and increase its inner diameter through the pressure ring, thereby causing the elastic locking sleeve to reset and release the shaft-like component to complete the unlocking. When the injected pressure disappears, the radial contraction spring immediately returns to its initial state, and the radial contraction spring pushes the elastic locking sleeve to radially contract and clamp the shaft-like component to complete the locking.

[0005] Preferably, the annular cylinder includes an annular body, an annular upper end cap, and an annular lower end cap. The upper and lower end faces of the annular body are coaxially formed with annular grooves to create two inner cavities. An annular piston is installed in each of the two inner cavities, and the injection hole communicates with the bottom of both inner cavities. Two radial contraction springs are coaxially disposed on the upper and lower end faces of the annular body, respectively, and are fitted onto the upper and lower ends of the outer diameter of the elastic locking sleeve, respectively, and are opposite to the pressure ring. The annular upper end cap and annular lower end cap are fixed to the upper and lower end faces of the annular body, respectively, to block the two radial contraction springs. Furthermore, the surfaces of the annular upper end cap and annular lower end cap opposite to the radial contraction springs are each provided with an arc-shaped clearance groove for axial deformation of the radial contraction springs. When pressure is injected through the injection hole, the two annular pistons move axially simultaneously, and the pressure ring pushes the two radial contraction springs to deform axially, causing the elastic locking sleeve to reset and loosen, thus unlocking. When the injected pressure disappears, the two radial contraction springs return to their initial state and lock again.

[0006] Preferably, the pressure ring is located at the radial center of the end face of the annular piston and is opposite to the radial center of the radial contraction spring.

[0007] Preferably, the radial contraction spring is a sheet-like annular structure, and it has several deformation slots that penetrate the inner diameter in the radial direction.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic locking sleeve has a plurality of contraction slits axially, and adjacent contraction slits alternately penetrate the upper and lower ends of the elastic locking sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, positioning keys are provided along the circumferential spacing in the inner diameter of the annular upper end cover and the annular lower end cover, and positioning protrusions are staggered on the upper and lower ends of the elastic locking sleeve, with the positioning protrusions embedded between adjacent positioning keys.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. Novel design: The brake mechanism proposed in this invention has a simple structure, few components, and is easy to manufacture and maintain.

[0011] 2. Reliable operation: Through pressure fluid control, the lead screw can be quickly locked and released, with fast response speed and high reliability.

[0012] 3. Safe and practical: In case of abnormal conditions or power failure, the lead screw can be automatically locked to effectively prevent the movement of parts caused by external forces and ensure the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0013] 4. Wide range of applications: It is not only suitable for locking the vertical feed axis lead screw of CNC machine tools, but also for other occasions that require locking of rotating or axially moving parts, such as cylinder ring piston rod locking, spindle locking, etc. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the annular cylinder block of this application.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the annular piston of this application.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the radial contraction spring in this application.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the elastic locking sleeve in this application.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the lower end of this application.

[0019] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the brake mechanism in this application.

[0020] Figure 7 This is an assembly drawing of the brake mechanism and ball screw (shaft component) of this application.

[0021] Figure 8 For this application Figure 7 Sectional view.

[0022] Figure 9 For this application Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Annular body; 1a-Annular groove; 1b-Center hole; 1c-Injection hole; 1d-Pin hole; 2-Annular piston; 21-Pressure ring; 22-Sealing ring; 3-Radial contraction spring; 3a-Deformation slot; 31-Deformation plate; 4-Elastic locking sleeve; 4a-Contraction slot; 41-Positioning protrusion; 5-Annular upper end cover; 5a-Arc-shaped relief ring groove; 6-Second annular piston; 7-Second radial contraction spring; 8-Annular lower end cover; e-Positioning key; f-Connecting hole; 9-Pin; 10-Ball screw. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions of this application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] See attached document Figures 1-9 The radial brake mechanism shown includes an annular cylinder, an annular piston 2, a radial contraction spring 3, and an elastic locking sleeve 4. Figure 1As shown, the elastic locking sleeve 4 is inserted into the central hole 1b of the annular cylinder, and the annular piston 2 is coaxially installed in the inner cavity of the annular cylinder. An injection hole 1c, communicating with the bottom of the inner cavity, is provided on the side wall of the annular cylinder. A pressure ring 21 is coaxially protruding on the end face of the annular piston 2. The radial contraction spring 3 is coaxially positioned above the annular piston 2 and fitted onto the outer diameter of the elastic locking sleeve 4. The pressure ring 21 is preferably a circular ridge formed on the surface of the annular piston 2 during machining. To ensure the sealing performance of the annular piston 2 during operation, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the annular piston 2 has sealing rings 22 on both its inner and outer walls.

[0026] like Figure 6 As shown, a shaft-like component (such as the ball screw 10 shown in this application) is inserted through the elastic locking sleeve 4. In the initial state (the annular piston 2 is not compressed), the radial contraction spring 3 pushes the elastic locking sleeve 4 to radially contract and hug the shaft-like component to complete the locking (that is, the inner diameter of the radial contraction spring 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic locking sleeve 4).

[0027] When pressure (optional gas or hydraulic oil) is injected through the injection hole 1c, the annular piston 2 moves axially and pushes the radial contraction spring 3 through the pressure ring 21 to deform axially, increasing its inner diameter. This causes the elastic locking sleeve 4 to reset and release the shaft component, thus unlocking it. When the injected pressure disappears, the radial contraction spring 3 immediately returns to its initial state, and the radial contraction spring 3 pushes the elastic locking sleeve 4 to radially contract and clamp the shaft component, thus locking it. This is mainly used to ensure that the ball screw 10 can still be locked when the annular piston 2 loses its drive in cases of locking, abnormality, or power failure.

[0028] To increase the clamping force on the ball screw 10, such as Figure 6 As shown, the annular cylinder includes an annular body 1, an annular upper end cap 5, and an annular lower end cap 8. The annular body 1 has annular grooves 1a coaxially formed on its upper and lower end faces, creating two inner cavities. The inner width of the annular grooves 1a is adapted to the radial width of the annular piston 2. The annular piston 2 and the second annular piston 6 (also equipped with sealing rings 22 on their inner and outer walls) are sequentially installed in the two inner cavities. The injection hole 1c communicates with the bottom of both inner cavities. Two radial contraction springs 3 are coaxially arranged on the upper and lower end faces of the annular body 1, respectively, and are fitted onto the upper and lower ends of the outer diameter of the elastic locking sleeve 4 (the lower end is labeled as the second radial contraction spring 7), respectively, and are opposite to the pressure ring 21. The annular upper end cap 5 and the annular lower end cap 8 are fixed to the upper and lower end faces of the annular body 1, sealing the two radial contraction springs 3. The surfaces of the annular upper end cap 5 and the annular lower end cap 8 opposite to the radial contraction springs 3 are each provided with arc-shaped clearance grooves 5a for axial deformation of the radial contraction springs 3.

[0029] When pressure is injected through the injection hole 1c, the annular piston 2 and the second annular piston 6 move axially simultaneously, and the pressure ring 21 simultaneously pushes the radial contraction spring 3 and the second radial contraction spring 7 to deform axially, causing the elastic locking sleeve 4 to reset and release, thus unlocking. When the injected pressure disappears, the radial contraction spring 3 and the second radial contraction spring 7 simultaneously return to their initial state, thus locking again. This structure allows the upper and lower ends of the annular cylinder to have identical and synchronously operating structures. The injection hole 1c can simultaneously drive the annular piston 2 and the second annular piston 6, thereby enabling the upper and lower radial contraction springs 3 and 7 to simultaneously clamp the lead screw, improving the clamping effect.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the pressure ring 21 is located at the radial center of the end face of the annular piston 2 and the second annular piston 6, and is opposite to the radial center of the radial contraction spring 3 and the second annular piston 6. After the pressure ring 21 abuts against the radial contraction spring 3 and the second radial contraction spring 7, the inner diameter of the radial contraction spring 3 and the second radial contraction spring 7 is contracted and disengaged from the elastic locking sleeve 4.

[0031] Preferred, such as Figure 3 As shown, the radial contraction spring 3 and the second radial contraction spring 7 are sheet-like annular structures, and several deformation slits 3a penetrating the inner diameter are opened radially, so that the radial contraction spring 3 has several deformation plates 31. After the pressure ring 21 presses against the radial contraction spring 3 and the second radial contraction spring 7 under the action of the piston, the inner end of its deformation plate 31 bends downward and disengages from the elastic locking sleeve 4.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the elastic locking sleeve 4 has a plurality of contraction slits 4a axially, and adjacent contraction slits 4a alternately penetrate the upper and lower ends of the elastic locking sleeve 4. When subjected to the radial clamping force of the radial contraction spring 3 and the second radial contraction spring 7, the elastic locking sleeve 4 contracts towards its center through the contraction slits 4a to clamp the ball screw 10.

[0033] To facilitate the axial and circumferential positioning of the elastic locking sleeve 4, such as Figure 5 As shown, positioning keys e (such as...) are provided along the circumferential spacing in the inner diameter of the annular upper end cover 5 and the annular lower end cover 8. Figure 6As shown, preferably, the positioning key e of the annular upper end cover 5 is flush with the upper surface of the annular upper end cover 5, and the positioning key e of the annular lower end cover 8 is flush with the lower surface of the annular lower end cover 8. The upper and lower ends of the elastic locking sleeve 4 corresponding to the sealing end of the shrinkage joint 4a are staggered with positioning protrusions 41 (the protrusion height is preferably the same as the height of the positioning key e). The positioning protrusions 41 are embedded between adjacent positioning keys e, and the elastic locking sleeve 4 portion between adjacent positioning protrusions 41 is located on the positioning key e. This structure can achieve axial and circumferential limiting of the elastic locking sleeve 4.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper and lower surfaces of the annular cylinder are circumferentially spaced with pins 9, holes 1d and connecting holes f. The upper annular cover 5 and the lower annular cover 8 are correspondingly provided with pins 9 and connecting holes f. The three are connected in one go by bolts passing through the upper annular cover 5, the annular cylinder and the lower annular cover 8 in sequence, so that the brake mechanism is integrated and sleeved on the ball screw 10.

[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Various changes and modifications may be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope of protection, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A radial brake mechanism, characterized in that: Includes an annular cylinder, an annular piston, a radial contraction spring, and an elastic locking sleeve; The elastic locking sleeve is inserted into the central hole of the annular cylinder, the annular piston is coaxially installed in the inner cavity of the annular cylinder, and the side wall of the annular cylinder has an injection hole that communicates with the bottom of the inner cavity; a pressure ring is coaxially protruded on the end face of the annular piston, and the radial contraction spring is coaxially arranged above the annular piston and fitted on the outer diameter of the elastic locking sleeve. A shaft-like component is inserted through the elastic locking sleeve. In the initial state, the radial contraction spring pushes the elastic locking sleeve to radially contract and clamp the shaft-like component to complete the locking. When pressure is injected through the injection hole, the annular piston moves axially and pushes the radial contraction spring to axially deform and increase its inner diameter through the pressure ring, thereby causing the elastic locking sleeve to reset and release the shaft-like component to complete the unlocking. When the injected pressure disappears, the radial contraction spring immediately returns to its initial state, and the radial contraction spring pushes the elastic locking sleeve to radially contract and clamp the shaft-like component to complete the locking.

2. The brake mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular cylinder includes an annular body, an annular upper end cap, and an annular lower end cap. The upper and lower end faces of the annular body are coaxially formed with annular grooves to create two inner cavities. An annular piston is installed in each of the two inner cavities. The injection hole communicates with the bottom of both inner cavities. Two radial contraction springs are coaxially disposed on the upper and lower end faces of the annular body and are respectively fitted onto the upper and lower ends of the outer diameter of the elastic locking sleeve, and are respectively opposite to the pressure ring. The annular upper end cap and annular lower end cap are respectively fixed to the upper and lower end faces of the annular body, sealing the two radial contraction springs. The surfaces of the annular upper end cap and annular lower end cap opposite the radial contraction springs are each provided with arc-shaped clearance grooves for axial deformation of the radial contraction springs. When pressure is injected through the injection hole, the two annular pistons move axially simultaneously, and the pressure ring pushes the two radial contraction springs to deform axially, causing the elastic locking sleeve to reset and loosen, thus unlocking. When the injected pressure disappears, the two radial contraction springs return to their initial state and lock again.

3. The brake mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressure ring is located at the radial center of the end face of the annular piston and is opposite to the radial center of the radial contraction spring.

4. The brake mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The radial contraction spring is a sheet-like annular structure, and it has several deformation slots that penetrate the inner diameter in the radial direction.

5. The brake mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The elastic locking sleeve has several contraction slits axially, and adjacent contraction slits alternately pass through the upper and lower ends of the elastic locking sleeve.

6. The brake mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: Positioning keys are provided along the circumferential spacing in the inner diameter of the annular upper end cover and the annular lower end cover. Positioning protrusions are staggered on the upper and lower ends of the elastic locking sleeve, and the positioning protrusions are embedded between adjacent positioning keys.

Images