Hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment and hollow axle automatic flaw detection method

Abstract

This application relates to an automatic flaw detection device and method for hollow axles. The automatic flaw detection device for hollow axles includes: a wheelset transfer device for pushing the wheelset to be tested to the inspection station; a wheelset stop device, located at the inspection station, for limiting the wheelset to be tested at the inspection station; and a flaw detection feed device located on the side of the inspection station, capable of engaging with the end of the hollow axle fixed at the inspection station and automatically performing flaw detection on the hollow axle. By automatically pushing the wheelset to be tested through the wheelset transfer device, automatically fixing the wheelset to be tested through the wheelset stop device, and automatically engaging with the hollow axle of the wheelset to be tested through the flaw detection feed device, the flaw detection operation of the hollow axle is automated. Thus, during the flaw detection process of the hollow axle of the wheelset to be tested, no manual operation by the operator is required, which improves the flaw detection efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of the operator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of railway flaw detection technology, and in particular to an automatic flaw detection device and method for hollow axles. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban transportation in my country, high-speed trains have become a major mode of transportation. Currently, most high-speed trains operating in China use hollow axles, which not only helps to reduce axle weight, improve mechanical properties, and enhance the stability and safety of train operation, but also facilitates the detection of fatigue defects in axles.

[0003] Currently, in the process of flaw detection of hollow shafts, a fixed-type hollow shaft flaw detector for train wheelsets (hereinafter referred to as a flaw detector) is usually used. This flaw detector is still in a fully manual mode.

[0004] During flaw detection, the wheelset to be inspected needs to be manually pushed to the inspection station. The cylinder of the wheel-stopping device pulls the linkage mechanism to press down the inspection station track into a V-shape to achieve the purpose of stopping the wheels. After the inspection is completed, the cylinder rod pushes the linkage mechanism to lift the inspection station track into an inverted V-shape. At this time, the wheelset rolls down by its own weight and leaves the inspection station.

[0005] However, when the flaw detector is used in manual mode, it is inefficient, requires the participation of auxiliary workers and flaw detector operators, and involves a high workload. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to address the problems of low efficiency and high labor intensity caused by the manual flaw detection of fixed wheelset hollow axles in current EMU depots. An automatic flaw detection device and method for hollow axles should be provided, which can automatically detect flaws in the hollow axles of the wheelset under test without manual operation, thereby improving flaw detection efficiency and reducing the labor intensity of operators.

[0007] An automatic flaw detection device for hollow axles is used to detect flaws in the hollow axles of wheelsets under test. The automatic flaw detection device for hollow axles includes:

[0008] A wheelset transfer device is used to push the wheelset to be tested to the testing station;

[0009] A wheelset stopping device is disposed at the inspection station, the wheelset stopping device being used to limit the wheelset under test at the inspection station; and

[0010] The flaw detection feed device is located on the side of the inspection station. The flaw detection feed device can dock with the end of the hollow axle fixed at the inspection station and perform automatic flaw detection on the hollow axle.

[0011] In one embodiment of this application, the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment further includes an arrival detection component, which is located at the detection station and electrically connected to the wheelset transfer device;

[0012] The positioning detection component can detect whether the wheelset to be tested has moved to the detection station, and control the wheelset transfer device to move or stop according to the detection signal.

[0013] In one embodiment of this application, the wheelset transfer device includes a travel track, a travel wheel, a first drive member, a first support member, and a push structure. The travel track has a detection station, the travel wheel can move along the travel track, the output end of the first drive member is connected to the travel wheel and is disposed on the first support member, the push structure is disposed on the first support member and extends along the axial direction of the wheelset to be tested, and the push structure can abut against the outer peripheral surface of the wheel disc of the wheelset to be tested.

[0014] When the first driving member drives the walking wheel to move along the walking track, it can drive the first support member and the pushing structure to move, so that the pushing structure can push the wheelset to be tested to the detection station.

[0015] In one embodiment of this application, the wheelset transfer device further includes a limiting member, which is disposed on the first support member and has a preset distance from the surface of the travel track opposite to the travel wheel;

[0016] And / or, the wheelset transfer device further includes a clamping member disposed on the first support member and rotatably abutting against the inner top surface of the travel track;

[0017] And / or, the wheelset transfer device further includes a pretensioner connected to the first support member, used to adjust the pretension force between the traveling wheel and the traveling track;

[0018] And / or, the first support member includes a support base, a first support plate, and a second support plate, the support base being disposed above the first support plate, the pushing structure being disposed on the support base, the first driving member being connected to the first support plate, the second support plate being located below the first support plate, and the pre-tensioning member of the wheelset transfer device elastically connecting the first support plate and the second support plate.

[0019] In one embodiment of this application, the pushing structure includes a connecting shaft and a pushing wheel. The connecting shaft extends axially along the wheelset to be tested and is disposed on the first support member. The pushing wheel is rotatably disposed on the connecting shaft and located on the outer periphery of the wheel disc.

[0020] In one embodiment of this application, the number of the pushing structures is two, and the two pushing structures are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the wheelset to be tested, with each pushing structure corresponding to the wheel disk;

[0021] And / or, the pushing structure includes two connecting shafts and two pushing wheels, the two connecting shafts being arranged radially spaced along the wheel disk, such that the two pushing wheels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wheel disk;

[0022] And / or, the pushing structure further includes a telescopic drive member, which is connected to the connecting shaft and drives the connecting shaft to move the pushing wheel along the axial direction of the wheelset under test;

[0023] And / or, the pushing structure further includes a centering drive member, a centering transmission member, and two output members. The centering drive member is disposed on the first support member and connected to the centering transmission member. The two output members are respectively connected to the centering transmission member and output opposite movements. Each output member is connected to a connecting shaft. The centering transmission member drives the connecting shaft to move through the two output members, so that the two connecting shafts move closer to each other or further away from each other.

[0024] In one embodiment of this application, the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment further includes a support platform, and the wheelset transfer device and the wheelset stopping device are disposed on the support platform;

[0025] The wheelset stopping device includes a second driving member, a second support member, and a stop member. The second driving member is disposed on the support platform, and the stop member is disposed on the second support member. The output end of the second driving member is connected to the second support member and can drive the second support member to move so that the stop member abuts against or disengages from the disc of the wheelset under test.

[0026] In one embodiment of this application, the wheelset stopping device further includes a buffer member disposed between the second drive member and the second support member;

[0027] And / or, the stop is a roller and is rotatably disposed on the second support member;

[0028] And / or, the number of the stops is two, and they are arranged at radial intervals along the wheel, with the distance between the two stops being less than the diameter of the wheel;

[0029] And / or, the number of wheelset stopping devices is two, the two wheelset stopping devices are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the wheelset to be tested, and each wheelset stopping device corresponds to one of the wheel discs of the wheelset to be tested;

[0030] And / or, the wheelset stopping device further includes a detection structure, which is disposed on the second drive member and the second support member respectively. The detection structure can control the second drive member to stop working when the stop member abuts against the wheelset under test or when the stop member is in the initial position.

[0031] The wheelset stopping device further includes a first detection element and a second detection element. The first detection element is disposed on the second drive element, and the second detection element is disposed on the second support element and moves with the second support element. When the stopping element abuts against the wheel disc, the first detection element and the second detection element are triggered to control the second drive element to stop working; and / or, the wheelset stopping device further includes a first detection element and a third detection element. The first detection element is disposed on the second drive element, and the third detection element is disposed on the second support element and moves with the second support element. After the stopping element disengages from the wheel disc and returns to its initial position, the first detection element and the third detection element are triggered to control the second drive element to stop working.

[0032] In one embodiment of this application, the flaw detection feeding device includes a mounting base, a flaw detection feeding structure, a parallel robot, an imaging component, and a composite probe. The mounting base is disposed on a support platform, the parallel robot is disposed on the mounting base, the flaw detection feeding structure is mounted on its output end, and the composite probe is disposed at the end of the flaw detection feeding structure facing the wheelset to be tested.

[0033] The parallel robot can drive the flaw detection feed structure to move, so that the flaw detection feed structure docks with the end of the hollow axle of the wheelset to be tested, and the composite probe extends into the inner cavity of the hollow axle to perform flaw detection on the hollow axle.

[0034] In one embodiment of this application, the flaw detection feed device further includes a seal, which is disposed at one end of the flaw detection feed structure facing the wheelset to be tested and located on the outside of the composite probe. The seal is capable of abutting against the cross-section of the hollow axle.

[0035] And / or, the flaw detection feed device further includes a cleaning head, which is disposed on the composite probe and moves into the inner cavity of the hollow axle with the composite probe to clean the inner cavity of the wheelset;

[0036] And / or, the flaw detection feed device further includes an oil injection pump, which is disposed in the flaw detection feed structure and connected to the composite probe, and the oil injection pump can inject oil into the inner cavity of the hollow axle after flaw detection is completed.

[0037] An automatic flaw detection method for hollow axles, applied to the automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles as described in any of the above technical features, the automatic flaw detection method for hollow axles includes the following steps:

[0038] The control wheelset transfer device drives the movement of the wheelset under test;

[0039] Determine whether the detection component is triggered at the detection station. If yes, control the wheelset transfer device to stop moving. If no, control the wheelset transfer device to push the wheelset to be tested until the wheelset to be tested moves to the detection station.

[0040] The second drive component in the control wheel set stop device drives the stop component to extend;

[0041] Determine whether the first detection element triggers the second detection element. If yes, control the second drive element to stop extending. If no, control the second detection element to continue extending until the first detection element triggers the second detection element, so that the stop element abuts against the wheel disc of the wheelset to be tested.

[0042] The imaging device of the flaw detection feed device scans the coordinate data of the hollow axle of the wheelset under test and feeds it back to the parallel robot of the flaw detection feed device.

[0043] The parallel robot drives the flaw detection feed structure of the flaw detection feed device to move according to the coordinate data, so that the composite probe of the flaw detection feed device extends into the inner cavity of the hollow axle;

[0044] The composite probe is used for cleaning and flaw detection inside the hollow axle;

[0045] After flaw detection is completed, oil is injected into the inner cavity of the hollow axle;

[0046] The parallel robot drives the flaw detection feed structure to detach from the hollow axle;

[0047] The wheelset stopping device releases the wheelset under test, and the wheelset transfer device moves the wheelset under test away.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution, this application has at least the following technical effects:

[0049] The automatic flaw detection equipment and method for hollow axles disclosed in this application include a wheelset transfer device that automatically pushes the wheelset to be tested to the inspection station. A wheelset stopping device can limit the wheelset to be tested at the inspection station, fixing it in place. A flaw detection feed device can engage with the end of the hollow axle of the wheelset fixed at the inspection station to perform automatic flaw detection on the hollow axle.

[0050] This automated hollow axle flaw detection equipment automatically pushes the wheelset to be tested through a wheelset transfer device, automatically fixes the wheelset to be tested through a wheelset stopping device, and automatically feeds the flaw detection device onto the hollow axle of the wheelset to be tested and performs flaw detection, thus achieving automated operation of hollow axle flaw detection. In this way, no manual operation is required during the flaw detection process of the hollow axle of the wheelset to be tested, which improves flaw detection efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of operators. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic flaw detection device for hollow axles according to an embodiment of this application, performing flaw detection on the wheelset under test.

[0052] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a wheelset transfer device in an automatic flaw detection system for hollow axles.

[0053] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a wheelset transfer device.

[0054] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The side view of the wheelset transfer device shown.

[0055] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partial bottom view of the wheelset transfer device shown.

[0056] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a wheelset stopping device in an automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles.

[0057] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the wheelset stopping device at the testing station corresponding to the wheelset to be tested.

[0058] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a partial view of the wheelset stop device in its initial position.

[0059] Figure 9 for Figure 7 The diagram shown is a partial schematic of the wheelset stopping device and the stopping action of the wheelset under test.

[0060] Figure 10 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the flaw detection feed device in the automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles.

[0061] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the flaw detection feed structure in the flaw detection feed device shown.

[0062] Figure 12 for Figure 10 The diagram shows the docking of the flaw detection feed device with the wheelset under test.

[0063] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the automatic flaw detection method for hollow axles according to this application.

[0064] Among them: 10. Hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment; 100. Wheelset transfer device; 110. Traveling track; 120. Traveling wheel; 130. First support member; 131. Support base; 132. First support plate; 133. Second support plate; 140. Pushing structure; 141. Connecting shaft; 142. Pushing wheel; 150. Limiting member; 151. First connecting frame; 152. First roller; 160. Clamping member; 161. Second connecting frame; 162. Second roller; 170. Pre-tightening member; 171. Elastic member; 172. Screw; 173. Adjusting nut; 200. Wheelset stopping device; 210. Second... Drive component; 220, Second support component; 230, Stop component; 240, Detection structure; 241, First detection component; 242, Second detection component; 243, Third detection component; 250, Mounting frame; 300, Flaw detection feed device; 310, Mounting base; 320, Flaw detection feed structure; 330, Parallel robot; 340, Imaging component; 350, Composite probe; 360, Seal component; 370, Oil pump; 400, Support platform; 410, Wheelset track; 420, Motion track; 500, Controller; 600, Position detection component; 70, Wheelset to be tested; 701, Hollow axle; 702, Wheel disc. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0066] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0067] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0068] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0069] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact, or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0070] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0071] Understandably, currently, in the process of hollow shaft flaw detection, a fixed-type hollow shaft flaw detector for train sets (hereinafter referred to as a flaw detector) is usually used. During flaw detection, the wheelset to be inspected needs to be manually pushed to the inspection station, and the cylinder of the wheel-stopping device pulls the linkage mechanism to press down the track of the inspection station into a V-shape to achieve the purpose of stopping the wheel.

[0072] After the inspection is completed, the cylinder rod pushes the linkage mechanism to lift the inspection station track into an inverted V shape. At this time, the wheelset rolls off under its own weight and leaves the inspection station. This flaw detector still uses a fully manual mode. However, when the flaw detector is used in manual mode, it is inefficient, requires the participation of auxiliary workers and flaw detector workers, and involves a high workload.

[0073] For this reason, see Figure 1 This application provides a novel automatic flaw detection device 10 for hollow axles, which is used to automatically detect flaws in the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 to be tested. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow axle automatic flaw detection device 10 performing flaw detection on the wheelset 70 under test according to an embodiment of this application. The wheelset 70 under test is typically the wheelset of a railway train such as a bullet train or high-speed train.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, the wheelset 70 under test includes a hollow axle 701, two wheel discs 702, and an axle holder (not shown). The two wheel discs 702 are symmetrically arranged on the two hollow axles 701. The axle holder is arranged on the hollow axle 701 and connects to the axial end faces of the two wheel discs 702. Furthermore, the two ends of the hollow axle 701 extend axially out of the wheel discs 702. The hollow axle 701 is connected to the locomotive (not shown) through the axle holder, thereby realizing the rotation drive of the wheelset 70 under test.

[0075] The central axis of the hollow axle 701 is the axial direction of this application, the radius of the wheel 702 is the radial direction of this application, and the outer wall (wheel tread) of the wheel 702 is the outer circumferential surface of the wheel 702, which will not be described again in the following text.

[0076] Understandably, the hollow axle automatic flaw detection device 10 of this application is mainly used to detect flaws in the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 to be tested. The hollow axle automatic flaw detection device 10 can dock with the end of the hollow axle 701 that is exposed on the wheel disc 702. When detecting flaws in the hollow axle 701, the hollow axle automatic flaw detection device 10 can extend into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701 to detect flaws in the hollow axle 701, thus ensuring the accuracy of the flaw detection of the hollow axle 701.

[0077] It is worth noting that the focus of this application is on the structure of the hollow axle automatic flaw detection device 10 and the principle of the hollow axle automatic flaw detection device 10 for detecting flaws in the hollow axle 701. The specific structure of the hollow axle 701 and the rotation drive of the hollow axle 701 are not the focus of this application and will not be elaborated on later.

[0078] The automatic flaw detection device 10 for hollow axles of this application can automatically detect flaws in the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test, realizing automated operation of the flaw detection of the hollow axle 701 without manual operation by the operator, thereby improving the flaw detection efficiency and reducing the labor intensity of the operator. The following describes the specific structure of the automatic flaw detection device 10 for hollow axles according to an embodiment.

[0079] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 In one embodiment, the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10 includes a wheelset transfer device 100, a wheelset stop device 200, and a flaw detection feed device 300. The wheelset transfer device 100 is used to push the wheelset 70 to be tested to the inspection station (not shown). The wheelset stop device 200 is disposed at the inspection station and is used to limit the wheelset 70 to be tested at the inspection station.

[0080] The flaw detection feed device 300 is located on the side of the inspection station. The flaw detection feed device 300 can dock with the end of the hollow axle 701 fixed at the inspection station and perform automatic flaw detection on the hollow axle 701. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram shown is of the wheelset transfer device 100 in the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10. Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the wheelset stopping device 200 in the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10. Figure 10 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the flaw detection feed device 300 in the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10 shown.

[0081] The wheelset transfer device 100 is a component that pushes the wheelset 70 to be tested. After receiving a transport command, the wheelset transfer device 100 can push the wheelset 70 to be tested. Furthermore, the wheelset transfer device 100 has a testing station, which is the location for flaw detection of the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 to be tested. The wheelset transfer device 100 can push the wheelset 70 to be tested to the testing station. After the wheelset transfer device 100 pushes the wheelset 70 to be tested to the transfer position, the wheelset transfer device 100 stops pushing the wheelset 70 to be tested, at which point the wheelset 70 to be tested rests at the testing station.

[0082] Understandably, during the flaw detection process, the wheelset 70 under test will move under force, affecting the accuracy of the flaw detection. Therefore, after the wheelset transfer device 100 pushes the wheelset 70 under test to the inspection station, it is necessary to fix the wheelset 70 under test at the inspection station. That is, the wheelset stopping device 200 is a component that stops (limits, fixes) the wheelset 70 under test. The wheelset stopping device 200 is set at the inspection station.

[0083] When the wheelset 70 under test moves to the inspection station, the wheelset stop device 200 can move toward the wheelset 70 under test so that it abuts against the wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test, thereby fixing the wheelset 70 under test. Furthermore, after the wheelset 70 under test has completed its flaw detection, the wheelset stop device 200 moves away from the wheelset 70 under test, thereby releasing the wheelset 70 from its fixation.

[0084] The flaw detection feed device 300 is located on the side of the inspection station. After the wheelset 70 to be tested is fixed to the inspection station, the flaw detection feed device 300 can dock with the end of the hollow axle 701, thereby extending into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701 to perform flaw detection on the hollow axle 701. After the flaw detection is completed, the flaw detection feed device 300 is removed from the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701 and detached from the hollow axle 701.

[0085] Understandably, the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10 includes a controller 500. The controller 500 is connected (electrically or via communication) to the wheelset transfer device 100, the wheelset stop device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300 to control the movement of the wheelset transfer device 100, the wheelset stop device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300. The controller 500 can issue transport or stop commands to the wheelset transfer device 100, control the wheelset stop device 200 to contact or disengage from the wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test, and control the flaw detection feed device 300 to perform flaw detection on the hollow axle 701.

[0086] Optionally, the wheelset transfer device 100, the wheelset stop device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300 are controlled by a single controller 500. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the number of controllers 500 is three, and the wheelset transfer device 100, the wheelset stop device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300 can also be controlled by their respective controllers 500.

[0087] In this embodiment, the controller 500 is disposed in the wheelset transfer device 100 and is transmittedly connected to the wheelset transfer device 100, the wheelset stopping device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300, such as... Figure 1 As shown. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the controller 500 may also be located in the wheelset stop device 200, the flaw detection feed device 300, the support platform 400 (mentioned later), or other locations.

[0088] When the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10 of this application is used to detect flaws in the wheelset 70 under test, the wheelset 70 is placed in the designated position. After receiving the transport instruction, the wheelset transfer device 100 pushes the wheelset 70 under test to the inspection station. Subsequently, the wheelset transfer device 100 is controlled to stop moving. The wheelset stop device 200 moves (rises) toward the wheelset 70 under test, and the wheelset stop device 200 can contact the outer peripheral surface of the wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test, thereby fixing the wheelset 70 under test.

[0089] Subsequently, the flaw detection feed device 300 engages with the end of the hollow axle 701 and extends into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701 to perform flaw detection. After flaw detection is completed, the flaw detection feed device 300 is removed from the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701. Then, the wheelset stop device 200 moves away from the wheelset 70 under test (lowers) to release the fixation of the wheelset 70 under test. At this time, the wheelset transfer device 100 can transport the flaw-detected wheelset 70 under test from the inspection station.

[0090] Thus, through the automatic movement of the wheelset transfer device 100, the wheelset stop device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300, automatic flaw detection of the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test is achieved. The entire flaw detection process does not require manual operation by the operator, resulting in high flaw detection efficiency. Moreover, after the wheelset transfer device 100 pushes away the flaw-detected wheelset 70, it can push the next wheelset 70 under test, continuously repeating the process to achieve continuous flaw detection of multiple wheelsets 70 under test.

[0091] The hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10 of the above embodiment automatically pushes the wheelset 70 to be tested through the wheelset transfer device 100, automatically fixes the wheelset 70 to be tested through the wheelset stopping device 200, and automatically connects the flaw detection feed device 300 to the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 to be tested and performs flaw detection, thereby realizing the automated operation of flaw detection of the hollow axle 701. In this way, no manual operation is required during the flaw detection process of the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 to be tested, which can improve the flaw detection efficiency and reduce the labor intensity of the operators.

[0092] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the hollow axle automatic flaw detection device 10 further includes a support platform 400, on which a wheelset transfer device 100 and a wheelset stop device 200 are disposed. The support platform 400 is the base of the hollow axle automatic flaw detection device 10. The wheelset transfer device 100, the wheelset stop device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300 are disposed on the support platform 400 and can move relative to the support platform 400. Moreover, the wheelset 70 to be tested can also be rotatably disposed on the support platform 400.

[0093] Optionally, the support platform 400 is the ground. That is, the wheelset transfer device 100, the wheelset stop device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300 are all located on the ground. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the support platform 400 can also be a cement platform or a marble platform, etc., set on the ground, as long as it can support the wheelset transfer device 100, the wheelset stop device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300.

[0094] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the support platform 400 has two parallel wheelset tracks 410, and the wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test is located on the wheelset tracks 410. Figure 1 In the middle, the wheelset track 410 extends in the left and right direction, and the wheelset transfer device 100 can push the wheelset to be tested 70 on the support platform 400 so that the wheelset to be tested 70 rotates relative to the wheelset track 410 through the wheel disk 702, thereby realizing the movement of the wheelset to be tested 70 along the wheelset track 410.

[0095] See Figure 1 and Figure 6 In one embodiment, the hollow axle automatic flaw detection device 10 further includes a positioning detection element 600, which is located at the detection station and electrically connected to the wheelset transfer device 100. The positioning detection element 600 can detect whether the wheelset 70 under test has moved to the detection station, and control the wheelset transfer device 100 to move or stop according to the detection signal.

[0096] The arrival detection unit 600 can detect whether the wheelset 70 under test has moved to the inspection station. During the process of the wheelset transfer device 100 pushing the wheelset 70 under test, if the wheelset transfer device 100 pushes the wheelset 70 under test to the inspection station, the arrival detection unit 600 can detect the wheelset 70 under test and trigger an arrival signal. Then, the arrival detection unit 600 can control the wheelset transfer device 100 to stop moving according to the arrival signal, so that the wheelset 70 under test is parked at the inspection station.

[0097] If, during the process of the wheelset transfer device 100 pushing the wheelset 70 to be tested, the arrival detection element 600 fails to detect the wheelset 70 at the testing station, the arrival detection element 600 triggers a non-arrival signal, indicating that the wheelset 70 has not moved to the testing station. The arrival detection element 600 can control the wheelset transfer device 100 to continue pushing the wheelset 70 to be tested based on the non-arrival signal until the arrival detection element 600 detects the wheelset 70 at the testing station.

[0098] In this embodiment, the positioning detection element 600 is disposed on the wheelset stopping device 200, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the positioning detection element 600 may also be set on the support platform 400 or other positions, as long as it can perform positioning detection on the wheelset 70 to be tested.

[0099] Optionally, the positioning detection element 600 is a photoelectric sensor. The positioning detection element 600 emits a detection light beam. If the wheelset 70 under test blocks the detection light beam, the positioning detection element 600 detects that the wheelset 70 under test has moved to the detection station. If the detection light beam of the positioning detection element 600 is not blocked, it indicates that the wheelset 70 under test has not moved to the detection station. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the positioning detection element 600 may also be a touch switch or other sensors capable of positioning detection.

[0100] See Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the wheelset transfer device 100 includes a travel track 110, a travel wheel 120, a first drive member (not shown), a first support member 130, and a push structure 140. The travel track 110 has a detection station, the travel wheel 120 can move along the travel track 110, the output end of the first drive member is connected to the travel wheel 120 and is disposed on the first support member 130, and the push structure 140 is disposed on the first support member 130 and extends along the axial direction of the wheelset 70 to be tested.

[0101] The pushing structure 140 can abut against the outer circumferential surface of the wheel disk 702 of the wheelset 70 to be tested. When the first driving member drives the traveling wheel 120 to move along the traveling track 110, it can drive the first support member 130 and the pushing structure 140 to move, so that the pushing structure 140 pushes the wheelset 70 to be tested to the testing station. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the wheelset transfer device 100 shown is as follows. Figure 4 for Figure 2 The side view of the wheelset transfer device 100 shown.

[0102] The travel track 110 is located between the two wheel track 410s and is arranged parallel to the wheel track 410s. The travel wheel 120 is rotatably mounted on the travel track 110, and the travel wheel 120 can move along the travel track 110 when it rotates relative to the travel track 110. The first drive member is the power source for the rotation of the travel wheel 120. The first drive member is mounted on the first support member 130, and the output end of the first drive member is connected to the travel wheel 120.

[0103] Thus, when the traveling wheel 120 is supported on the traveling track 110, the traveling wheel 120 can support the first support member 130 through the first driving member. A pushing structure 140 is provided on the upper edge of the first support member 130, and the pushing structure 140 corresponds to the wheel disk 702 of the wheelset 70 under test. In this way, when the first driving member drives the traveling wheel 120 to rotate relative to the traveling track 110, the traveling wheel 120 can drive the first support member 130 and the pushing structure 140 to move along the traveling track 110 through the first driving member.

[0104] The pushing structure 140 is a component that pushes the wheel disk 702 of the wheelset 70 under test. The pushing structure 140 extends along the axial direction of the wheelset 70 under test, and can extend to the outer peripheral side of the wheel disk 702 of the wheelset 70 under test, and can abut against the outer peripheral surface of the wheel disk 702. When the traveling wheel 120 drives the pushing structure 140 to move along the traveling track 110 through the first driving member and the first support member 130, the pushing structure 140 can push the wheel disk 702, so that the wheel disk 702 moves along the wheelset track 410, thereby moving the wheelset 70 under test to the inspection station, or moving it away from the inspection station.

[0105] In one embodiment, the first driving component is a drive motor, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the walking wheel 120. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the first driving component may also be a rotary cylinder or other components capable of driving the walking wheel 120 to rotate.

[0106] See Figures 2 to 5 In one embodiment, the wheelset transfer device 100 further includes a limiting member 150, which is disposed on the first support member 130 and has a preset distance from the surface of the travel track 110 away from the travel wheel 120. Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partial bottom view of the wheelset transfer device 100 shown.

[0107] The top of the limiting member 150 is connected to the bottom of the first support member 130, and the bottom of the limiting member 150 extends to the bottom of the travel track 110, with a preset distance between it and the bottom surface of the travel track 110. When the wheelset transfer device 100 overturns, the limiting member 150 can abut against the lower surface of the travel track 110 to limit the travel track 110 and prevent the wheelset transfer device 100 from overturning.

[0108] In one embodiment, there are multiple sets of limiting members 150, and the multiple sets of limiting members 150 are spaced apart on the first support member 130 along the extension direction of the travel track 110, so as to ensure that the wheelset transfer device 100 can reliably move along the travel track 110.

[0109] In one embodiment, each group of limiting members 150 contains two limiting members 150, meaning that the two limiting members 150 in the same group are symmetrically arranged relative to the travel track 110. In this way, the two limiting members 150 in the same group can limit the wheelset transfer device 100 on both sides of the travel track 110, preventing the wheelset transfer device 100 from tipping over on both sides.

[0110] See Figures 2 to 5 In one embodiment, the limiting member 150 includes a first connecting frame 151 and a first roller 152. The top of the first connecting frame 151 is connected to the first support member 130, and the bottom of the first connecting frame 151 extends to the bottom of the walking track 110. The first roller 152 is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the first connecting frame 151 and has a preset distance from the bottom surface of the walking track 110.

[0111] The first connecting frame 151 is L-shaped. When the traveling wheel 120 drives the first support member 130 to move via the first driving member, the first support member 130 can drive the limiting member 150 to move synchronously. When the wheelset transfer device 100 deviates, the first roller 152 can contact the bottom surface of the traveling track 110 to limit the position of the wheelset transfer device 100 and prevent the wheelset transfer device 100 from tipping over.

[0112] See Figures 2 to 5 In one embodiment, the first support member 130 includes a support base 131, a first support plate 132, and a second support plate 133. The support base 131 is disposed above the first support plate 132, the first support plate 132 is fixed to the support base 131, and the second support plate 133 is located below the first support plate 132. A first driving member is connected to the first support plate 132, and a pushing structure 140 is disposed on the support base 131. The support base 131 protrudes from the first support plate 132 on both sides of the traveling track 110, and supports components such as the pushing structure and the controller 500 through the support base 131.

[0113] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, there are two pushing structures 140, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the wheelset 70 to be tested, with each pushing structure 140 corresponding to a wheel disk 702. The two pushing structures 140 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support base 131, and each of the two pushing structures 140 corresponds to a wheel disk 702 of the wheelset 70 to be tested.

[0114] When the walking wheel 120 drives the first support member 130 to move through the first driving member, the first support member 130 can simultaneously drive the two pushing structures 140 to move. In turn, the two pushing structures 140 can simultaneously push the corresponding wheel disk 702, so that the wheelset 70 under test is subjected to uniform force, thereby ensuring the stability of the movement of the wheelset 70 under test.

[0115] See Figures 2 to 5 In one embodiment, the wheelset transfer device 100 further includes a clamping member 160, which is disposed on the second support plate 133 of the first support member 130 and rotatably abuts against the inner top surface of the travel track 110. The top of the clamping member 160 is connected to the first support member 130, and the bottom extends into the travel track 110, enabling the clamping member 160 to clamp the travel track 110. The clamping member 160 provides support for the movement of the travel wheel 120 along the travel track 110, allowing the travel wheel 120 to move linearly along the travel track 110.

[0116] Understandably, the travel track 110 is arranged in an I-shape, and the bottom of the clamping member 160 can extend into the travel track 110 and abut against the top wall of the inner side of the travel track 110. In this way, the clamping member 160 and the travel wheel 120 can be located on both sides of the top of the travel track 110, so that the travel wheel 120 can move in a straight line along the travel track 110.

[0117] In one embodiment, the number of clamping members 160 is multiple sets, and the multiple sets of clamping members 160 are spaced apart on the first support member 130 along the extension direction of the walking track 110, so as to provide support for the movement of the walking wheel 120 and ensure that the wheelset transfer device 100 moves reliably along the walking track 110.

[0118] In one embodiment, each set of clamping members 160 contains two clamping members 160, meaning that the two clamping members 160 in the same set are symmetrically arranged relative to the travel track 110. In this way, the two clamping members 160 in the same set can clamp the wheel set transfer device 100 on both sides of the travel track 110, thereby reliably supporting the travel wheel 120.

[0119] See Figures 2 to 5In one embodiment, the clamping member 160 includes a second connecting frame 161 and a second roller 162. The top of the second connecting frame 161 is connected to the bottom of the first support member 130. The second roller 162 is rotatably disposed on the bottom of the second connecting frame 161 and can extend into the inner side of the walking track 110. The second roller 162 can contact the top wall of the inner side of the walking track 110. The second connecting frame 161 is vertically arranged. When the walking wheel 120 drives the first support member 130 to move through the first driving member, the first support member 130 can drive the clamping member 160 to move synchronously.

[0120] See Figures 2 to 5 In one embodiment, the wheelset transfer device 100 further includes a pretensioner 170, which is connected to the first support member 130 and is used to adjust the pretension force (compression force) between the traveling wheel 120 and the traveling track 110. Specifically, the second support plate 133 is located below the first support plate 132, and the pretensioner 170 elastically connects the first support plate 132 and the second support plate 133.

[0121] Understandably, the second support plate 133 is located below the first support member 130 and there is a certain gap between it and the first support plate 132. The pre-tightening member 170 passes through the second support plate 133 and is connected to the first support plate 132, and can adjust the gap between the first support plate 132 and the second support plate 133. Moreover, the top of the clamping member 160 is connected to the second support plate 133.

[0122] When the pretensioner 170 drives the second support plate 133 to move toward the first support plate 132, the clamping member 160 cannot move upward because it abuts against the travel track 110. The clamping member 160 can move downward through the second support plate 133, the pretensioner 170 and the first support plate 132, and then the first support plate 132 drives the travel wheel 120 to move downward to increase the pretension force between the travel wheel 120 and the travel track 110, thereby increasing the driving force of the wheelset transfer device 100 on the wheelset 70 to be tested.

[0123] Conversely, when the pretensioner 170 drives the second support plate 133 to move away from the first support plate 132, the supporting force of the pretensioner 170 on the second support plate 133 can cause the second support plate 133 to drive the first support plate 132 to move upward, and then the first support plate 132 drives the traveling wheel 120 to move upward, so as to reduce the pretension force between the traveling wheel 120 and the traveling track 110, thereby reducing the driving force of the wheelset transfer device 100 on the wheelset 70 under test.

[0124] Thus, through the cooperation of the pretensioner 170, the first support plate 132, the second support plate 133 and the clamping member 160, the pretension force between the traveling wheel 120 and the traveling track 110 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the driving force of the wheelset transfer device 100 on the wheelset 70 under test to meet the driving requirements of different models of wheelsets 70 under test.

[0125] See Figures 3 to 5 In one embodiment, the preload 170 includes an elastic element 171, a screw 172, and an adjusting nut 173. The top of the screw 172 passes through a second support plate 133 and is connected to the first support plate 132. The adjusting nut 173 is disposed on the top of the screw 172. The elastic element 171 is sleeved on the connecting plate and abuts against the second support plate 133 and the adjusting nut 173. Optionally, the elastic element 171 is a spring.

[0126] When the adjusting nut 173 moves upward, it compresses the elastic element 171, which in turn causes the second support plate 133 to move upward, increasing the preload between the traveling wheel 120 and the traveling track 110. When the adjusting nut 173 moves downward, it releases the elastic element 171, which in turn causes the second support plate 133 to move downward, reducing the preload between the traveling wheel 120 and the traveling track 110.

[0127] In one embodiment, there are multiple sets of pretensioners 170, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the travel track 110 on the first support member 130. In another embodiment, there are two pretensioners 170 in each set, that is, the two clamping members 160 in the same set are symmetrically arranged with respect to the travel track 110.

[0128] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the pushing structure 140 includes a connecting shaft 141 and a pushing wheel 142. The connecting shaft 141 extends axially along the wheelset 70 to be tested and is disposed on the first support member 130. The pushing wheel 142 is rotatably disposed on the connecting shaft 141 and is located on the outer periphery of the wheel 702.

[0129] One end of the connecting shaft 141 is connected to the first support member 130, and the other end of the connecting shaft 141 is rotatably connected to the push wheel 142. The connecting shaft 141 extends axially along the wheelset 70 under test. The push wheel 142 is located on the outer periphery of the wheel disk 702 of the wheelset 70 under test. When the traveling wheel 120 drives the first support member 130 to move along the traveling track 110 via the first drive member, the first support member 130 can drive the connecting shaft 141 to move synchronously. In turn, the connecting shaft 141 pushes the wheel disk 702 via the push wheel 142, so that the wheelset 70 under test moves along the wheelset track 410.

[0130] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the pushing structure 140 includes two connecting shafts 141 and two pushing wheels 142. The two connecting shafts 141 are arranged radially spaced along the wheel disk 702, and the two pushing wheels 142 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wheel disk 702. That is, the same pushing structure 140 includes two connecting shafts 141 and two pushing wheels 142, and the end of each connecting shaft 141 is disposed on the pushing wheel 142.

[0131] Two connecting shafts 141 and two drive wheels 142 are symmetrically arranged. In this way, the two drive wheels 142 can be located on the left and right sides of the wheel 702. The drive wheel 142 on the right side can drive the wheel 702 to move, while the drive wheel 142 on the left side can limit the movement of the wheel 702, preventing the wheel 702 from moving uncontrollably along the wheelset track 410 and ensuring the reliability of the movement of the wheelset 70 under test.

[0132] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the pushing structure 140 further includes a telescopic drive (not shown), which is connected to the connecting shaft 141 and drives the connecting shaft 141 to move the pushing wheel 142 along the axial direction of the wheelset 70 to be tested. Optionally, the telescopic drive can be a telescopic motor or a telescopic cylinder, etc.

[0133] The output end of the telescopic drive is connected to two connecting shafts 141, allowing the telescopic drive to move the two connecting shafts 141 along the axial direction of the wheelset 70 under test. When the push wheel 142 needs to push the wheelset 70 under test, the telescopic drive extends the connecting shafts 141 and the push wheel 142, allowing the push wheel 142 to be positioned on the side of the wheel disk 702. When the wheelset 70 under test does not need to be pushed, the telescopic drive retracts the connecting shafts 141 and the push wheel 142.

[0134] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the pushing structure 140 further includes a centering drive member (not shown), a centering transmission member (not shown), and two output members (not shown). The centering drive member is disposed on the first support member 130 and connected to the centering transmission member. The two output members are respectively connected to the centering transmission member and output opposite movements. Each output member is connected to a connecting shaft 141. The centering transmission member drives the connecting shaft 141 to move through the two output members, so that the two connecting shafts 141 move closer to each other or further away from each other.

[0135] The centering drive is mounted on the mounting base 310 of the first support 130. The input end of the centering transmission is connected to the output end of the centering drive. The two outputs are connected to the centering transmission and are driven by it. The centering drive can drive the centering transmission to rotate. When the centering transmission rotates, it can drive the two outputs to move in opposite directions. As a result, when the outputs move, they can drive the corresponding connecting shafts 141 to move synchronously, so that the two connecting shafts 141 move closer to each other or further away from each other.

[0136] When the two connecting shafts 141 move closer or further apart, they can drive the two push wheels 142 to move closer or further apart. When the two push wheels 142 move further apart, there is a certain distance between the two push wheels 142 and the outer circumferential surface of the wheel disk 702. When the two push wheels 142 move closer together, they can abut against the outer circumferential surface of the wheel disk 702, thereby driving the wheelset 70 under test.

[0137] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the centering transmission component is a lead screw shaft, the output component is a lead screw nut, and the centering transmission component has two opposite threaded portions, with each output component connected to one threaded portion. The centering transmission component and the output component form a ball screw structure.

[0138] The centering transmission component extends along the travel track 110 and is connected to the output end of the centering drive component. The two threaded portions of the centering transmission component have opposite helical directions. When the centering drive component drives the centering transmission component to rotate, the centering transmission component can drive the two output components to output opposite movements through the opposite threaded portions, thereby causing the two connecting shafts 141 to move closer to or further away from each other.

[0139] Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the centering transmission component is a transmission gear, and the output component is a transmission rack. The two output components are respectively connected to the radial sides of the centering transmission component and mesh with each other for centering transmission. The output components are arranged along the travel track 110. When the centering transmission component rotates, the meshing relationship can drive the two output components to move in opposite directions, so as to drive the two connecting shafts 141 to move closer to each other or further away from each other.

[0140] In this application, the pushing structure 140 includes a telescopic drive member and a centering drive member. The centering drive member is disposed on the support base 131 of the first support member 130. The centering transmission member is movably disposed on the first drive member. Two output members are respectively connected to the centering transmission member. Each output member is connected to a telescopic drive member, and the telescopic drive member is connected to the connecting shaft 141.

[0141] Thus, the centering drive member can drive the connecting shaft 141 to move closer or further apart through the output member and the telescopic drive member. Furthermore, the telescopic drive member can drive the connecting shaft 141 to move relative to the centering drive member, ensuring that the movements of the telescopic drive member and the centering drive member do not interfere with each other. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the pushing structure 140 may only include either the telescopic drive member or the centering drive member, which will not be elaborated further below.

[0142] The wheelset transfer device 100 of this application has a first driving member that drives the traveling wheel 120 to move along the traveling track 110, thereby causing the push structure 140 to translate. The wheel disk 702 of the wheelset 70 under test, sandwiched between the two push wheels 142, is pushed, enabling the wheelset 70 under test to roll along the wheelset track 410. When the wheelset 70 under test moves to the inspection station, the positioning detection element 600 installed at the inspection station is triggered by the wheelset 70 under test. The positioning detection element 600 controls the wheelset transfer device 100 to stop moving through the controller 500, and thus the wheelset 70 under test stops at the inspection station.

[0143] Subsequently, the telescopic drive member drives the connecting shaft 141 to drive the push wheel 142 axially away from the wheel disc 702. Furthermore, the first drive member drives the traveling wheel 120 to move along the traveling track 110, so that the wheelset transfer device 100 returns to its initial position to await a continued transfer command. Simultaneously, the wheelset under test 70 is in the testing station, waiting for the wheelset stop device 200 to stop and limit its movement. It is understood that the push structure 140 is a telescopic structure. When the wheelset under test 70 needs to be transferred, the telescopic drive member drives the connecting shaft 141 to drive the push wheel 142 to extend to the outer circumference of the wheelset under test 70. The movement of the wheelset transfer device 100 drives the push wheel 142 to move, thereby causing the wheelset under test 70 in contact with it to roll along the wheelset track 410, realizing the transfer of the wheelset under test 70.

[0144] See Figure 1 , Figures 6 to 9 In one embodiment, the wheelset stop device 200 is elliptically mounted on the support platform 400 and located on the side of the wheelset track 410. Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shown illustrates the wheelset stopping device 200 at the testing station corresponding to the wheelset 70 to be tested. Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a partial view of the wheelset stop device 200 in its initial position. Figure 9 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a partial schematic of the wheelset stopping device 200 stopping the wheelset 70 under test.

[0145] exist Figure 7In the test, the wheelset stop device 200 is positioned at the testing station, located on the support platform 400 and below the wheelset track 410. When the wheelset 70 to be tested moves to the testing station, the wheelset stop device 200 is positioned directly below the wheelset 70. Figure 8 In the middle, the wheelset stopping device 200 is in the initial position, and there is a certain gap between the wheelset stopping device 200 and the wheelset 70 to be tested. Figure 9 In the middle, the wheelset stopping device 200 comes into contact with the wheelset under test 70, which can stop the wheelset under test 70.

[0146] Furthermore, the positioning detection element 600 is located on the top of the wheelset stop device 200 and corresponds to the hollow axle 701 protruding from the wheelset 70 under test. When the wheelset 70 under test moves to the testing station, the protruding hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test can trigger the positioning detection element 600, so that the positioning detection element 600 controls the wheelset transfer device 100 to stop pushing the wheelset 70 under test.

[0147] See Figure 1 , Figures 6 to 9 In one embodiment, the wheelset stopping device 200 includes a second drive member 210, a second support member 220, and a stop member 230. The second drive member 210 is disposed on the support platform 400, and the stop member 230 is disposed on the second support member 220. The output end of the second drive member 210 is connected to the second support member 220 and can drive the second support member 220 to move so that the stop member 230 abuts against or disengages from the wheel disc 702.

[0148] The second drive component 210 is the power source for the wheelset stopping device 200, and the stop component 230 is a component of the wheelset stopping device 200 that limits the movement of the wheelset 70 under test. The second drive component 210 is disposed on the support platform 400 and is capable of outputting vertical lifting motion. The main body of the second drive component 210 is fixed to the support platform 400, the output end of the second support component 220 is connected to the second drive component 210, and the stop component 230 is disposed on the top of the second support component 220.

[0149] When the wheelset 70 under test is pushed to the testing station, the second drive member 210 drives the second support member 220 to rise (closer to the wheelset 70 under test). When the stop member 230 at the top of the second support member 220 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the wheel disc 702, the second drive member 210 stops working, and the stop member 230 remains in contact with the wheel disc 702 to fix the wheel disc 702, thus achieving the stopping (fixing, limiting) of the wheelset 702 under test. At this time, the wheelset 70 under test is fixed to the testing station, and the wheelset 70 under test cannot move along the wheelset track 410, such as... Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown.

[0150] Subsequently, the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test is inspected by the flaw detection feed device 300. After the flaw detection is completed, the wheelset stop device 200 releases the stop on the wheelset 70 under test. Specifically, the second drive member 210 drives the second support member 220 to descend (away from the wheelset 70 under test), and then the second support member 220 drives the stop member 230 to gradually descend, so that the stop member 230 gradually disengages from the outer circumference of the wheel disc 702. When the second drive member 210 drives the second support member 220 and the stop member 230 back to the initial position, the stop member 230 is no longer limited by the test, the stop on the wheelset 70 under test is released, and the wheelset 70 under test can move along the wheelset track 410, such as... Figures 6 to 8 As shown.

[0151] See Figures 6 to 9 In one embodiment, two stoppers 230 are provided, spaced apart along the direction of the travel track 110 on the second support member 220. The distance between the two stoppers 230 is less than the diameter of the wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test. Thus, when the second drive member 210 drives the two stoppers 230 upwards via the second support member 220, the two stoppers 230 can be engaged on the left and right sides of the wheel disc 702, achieving reliable stopping and limiting of the wheelset 70 under test.

[0152] In one embodiment, the stop 230 is a roller and is rotatably disposed on the second support 220. This reduces the friction between the wheelset 70 under test and the stop 230, making it easier for the stop 230 to stop and limit the movement of the wheelset 70 under test.

[0153] Optionally, the second drive element 210 is an electric cylinder. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the second drive element 210 may also be a linear motor, a cylinder, or other components capable of outputting linear motion.

[0154] It is understandable that the structural form of the second support member 220 is not limited in principle, as long as the second support member 220 can move with the second driving member 210 to drive the stop member 230. In this embodiment, the second support member 220 is a support plate. Furthermore, the second support member 220 is trapezoidal in shape to reduce its weight. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the second support member 220 may also be a support frame, etc.

[0155] In one embodiment, the wheelset stopping device 200 further includes a buffer (not shown) disposed between the second drive member 210 and the second support member 220. The buffer can cushion the contact between the stop member 230 and the wheelset 70 under test. It is understood that when the stop member 230 contacts the wheelset 70 under test, the wheelset 70 under test will exert an impact force on the stop member 230, which may damage the second support member 220 and the second drive member 210.

[0156] Therefore, this application provides a buffer between the second drive member 210 and the second support member 220. When the stop member 230 contacts the wheelset 70 under test, the impact force of the wheelset 70 on the stop member 230 is absorbed by the buffer, resulting in a hard-on-hard collision between the stop member 230 and the wheelset 70 under test. Simultaneously, when the second drive member 210 stops working, the buffer provides support to the second support member 220, ensuring that the stop member 230 remains in contact with the wheelset 70 under test, thus guaranteeing the stopping effect of the wheelset stopping device 200 on the wheelset 70 under test.

[0157] See Figures 6 to 9 In one embodiment, the wheelset stopping device 200 further includes a detection structure 240, which is disposed on the second drive member 210 and the second support member 220. The detection structure 240 can control the second drive member 210 to stop working when the stop member 230 abuts against the tested wheelset 70 or when the stop member 230 is in its initial position. The detection structure 240 is electrically connected to the second drive member 210, and the detection structure 240 can control the second drive member 210 to work or stop based on the detection signal.

[0158] When the wheelset 70 under test moves to the testing station, the controller 500 controls the second drive component 210 to operate. At this time, the second drive component 210 drives the second support component 220 to raise the stop component 230. When the stop component 230 comes into contact with the outer circumferential surface of the wheelset 70 under test, the detection structure 240 can detect that the stop component 230 has moved into place, thus completing the stopping of the wheelset 70 under test.

[0159] After the flaw detection feed device 300 completes flaw detection, the controller 500 controls the second drive component 210 to operate. At this time, the second drive component 210 drives the second support component 220 to lower the stop component 230. When the stop component 230 disengages from the wheelset 70 under test and returns to its initial position, the detection structure 240 can detect that the stop component 230 has returned to its initial position, thus releasing the stop on the wheelset 70 under test.

[0160] See Figures 6 to 9 In one embodiment, the detection structure 240 includes a first detection element 241 and a second detection element 242. The first detection element 241 is disposed on the second drive element 210, and the second detection element 242 is disposed on the second support element 220 and moves with the second support element 220. When the stop element 230 abuts against the wheel 702, the first detection element 241 and the second detection element 242 are triggered to cooperate, thereby controlling the second drive element 210 to stop working.

[0161] The first detection element 241 is disposed on the main body of the second driving element 210, meaning that the first detection element 241 is fixed and will not move with the output end of the second driving element 210. The second detection element 242 is disposed on the second support element 220. When the stop element 230 is in the initial position, the second detection element 242 is offset from the first detection element 241, and the second detection element 242 is located below the first detection element 241.

[0162] When the second drive member 210 drives the second support member 220 to rise, causing the stop member 230 to rise relative to the first detection member 241, the stop member 230 gradually approaches the outer peripheral surface of the wheelset 70 under test. When the second detection member 242 rises to be directly opposite the first detection member 241, the second detection member 242 triggers the first detection member 241. At this time, the first detection member 241 can control the second drive member 210 to stop working, and the stop member 230 abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the wheelset 70 under test.

[0163] Optionally, the first detection element 241 is a photoelectric sensor, and the second detection element 242 is a baffle. In this way, the second detection element 242 can block the detection light emitted by the photoelectric sensor, and at this time, the second detection element 242 can trigger the first detection element 241. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the first detection element 241 and the second detection element 242 can also be an infrared transmitter and receiver, a touch switch, or other components capable of realizing position detection.

[0164] See Figures 6 to 9 In one embodiment, the wheelset stopping device 200 further includes a first detection element 241 and a third detection element 243. The first detection element 241 is disposed on the second drive element 210, and the third detection element 243 is disposed on the second support element 220 and moves with the second support element 220. After the stop element 230 disengages from the wheel disc 702 and returns to its initial position, the first detection element 241 and the third detection element 243 are triggered to cooperate to control the second drive element 210 to stop working.

[0165] The first detection element 241 is disposed on the main body of the second drive element 210, meaning that the first detection element 241 is fixed and will not move with the output end of the second drive element 210. The third detection element 243 is disposed on the second support element 220. When the stop element 230 is in the initial position, the third detection element 243 is disposed opposite to the first detection element 241. When the stop element 230 abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the receiving wheel pair 70, the third detection element 243 is offset from the first detection element 241, and the second detection element 242 is located below the third detection element 243.

[0166] When the second drive member 210 drives the second support member 220 to descend, causing the stop member 230 to descend relative to the first detection member 241, the stop member 230 gradually disengages from the outer circumferential surface of the wheelset 70 under test. When the third detection member 243 descends to be directly opposite the first detection member 241, the third detection member 243 triggers the first detection member 241. At this time, the first detection member 241 can control the second drive member 210 to stop working, and the stop member 230 returns to its initial position.

[0167] Optionally, the first detection element 241 is a photoelectric sensor, and the third detection element 243 is a baffle. In this way, the third detection element 243 can block the detection light emitted by the photoelectric sensor, and at this time, the third detection element 243 can trigger the first detection element 241. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the first detection element 241 and the third detection element 243 can also be an infrared transmitter and receiver, a touch switch, or other components capable of realizing position detection.

[0168] In one embodiment, two wheelset stopping devices 200 are provided, spaced apart along the axial direction of the wheelset 70 under test. Each wheelset stopping device 200 corresponds to one wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test. When the wheelset 70 under test is placed at the testing station, the two wheelset stopping devices 200 can simultaneously stop the two wheel discs 702 of the wheelset 70 under test, thereby achieving reliable fixation of the wheelset 70 under test.

[0169] In the wheelset stopping device 200 of this application, the detection structure 240 includes a first detection element 241, a second detection element 242 and a third detection element 243. The first detection element 241 is disposed on the main body of the second drive element 210. The second detection element 242 and the third detection element 243 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the second detection element 242 is located below the third detection element 243.

[0170] When the wheelset 70 under test moves to the testing station, the second drive member 210 drives the second support member 220 to raise the stop member 230. At this time, the third detection member 243 gradually moves away from the first detection member 241, and the second detection member 242 gradually moves closer to the first detection member 241. When the second detection member 242 is directly facing the first detection member 241, it can trigger the first detection member 241. The first detection member 241 controls the second drive member 210 to stop working. At this time, the stop member 230 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the wheelset 70 under test, thereby limiting the movement of the wheelset 70 under test.

[0171] When the second driving member 210 drives the second support member 220 to lower the stop member 230, the second detection member 242 gradually moves away from the first detection member 241, and the third detection member 243 gradually moves closer to the first detection member 241. When the third detection member 243 is directly facing the first detection member 241, it can trigger the first detection member 241, which then controls the second driving member 210 to stop working. At this time, the stop member 230 returns to its initial position.

[0172] Optionally, the wheelset stopping device 200 further includes a mounting frame 250, the main body of the second drive member 210 is disposed on the mounting frame 250, and the mounting frame 250 slidably engages with the second support member 220 to guide the lifting and lowering of the second support member 220. For example, the mounting frame 250 and the second support member 220 are guided by a slide rail slider structure or the like. Furthermore, the first detection member 241 can be disposed on the main body of the second drive member 210 or on the mounting frame 250.

[0173] See Figure 1 , Figures 10 to 12 In one embodiment, the flaw detection feed device 300 includes a mounting base 310, a flaw detection feed structure 320, a parallel robot 330, an imaging component 340, and a composite probe 350. The mounting base 310 is disposed on the support platform 400, the parallel robot 330 is disposed on the mounting base 310, the flaw detection feed structure 320 is mounted on its output end, and the composite probe 350 is disposed at the end of the flaw detection feed structure 320 facing the wheelset 70 to be tested.

[0174] The parallel robot 330 can drive the flaw detection feed structure 320 to move, so that the flaw detection feed structure 320 docks with the end of the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 to be tested, and the composite probe 350 extends into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701 to perform flaw detection on the hollow axle 701. Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shows the flaw detection feed structure 320 in the flaw detection feed device 300. Figure 12 for Figure 10 The diagram shows the docking of the flaw detection feed device 300 with the wheelset 70 to be tested.

[0175] The mounting base 310 serves as a support for the flaw detection feed device 300. All components of the flaw detection feed device 300 are mounted on the mounting base 310, which supports each component. Furthermore, the mounting base 310 is located on the support platform 400 and to the side of the inspection station, allowing the flaw detection feed device 300 to be aligned with the end of the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test for flaw detection.

[0176] The flaw detection feed structure 320 and the composite probe 350 are the main components for flaw detection of the hollow axle 701. The composite probe 350 is located at one end of the flaw detection feed structure 320 and extends towards the wheelset 70 to be tested along its axial direction. During flaw detection, the flaw detection feed structure 320 can dock with the end of the hollow axle 701, allowing the composite probe 350 to extend into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701, thereby performing flaw detection on the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701.

[0177] When the composite probe 350 moves to the end of the hollow axle 701 away from the flaw detection feed structure 320, the composite probe 350 gradually retracts, performing flaw detection on the hollow axle 701 during the retraction process. After flaw detection is completed, the composite probe 350 returns to its initial position, completing the flaw detection. Then, the flaw detection feed structure 320 separates from the hollow axle 701. Subsequently, the wheelset stop device 200 releases the fixation of the wheelset 70 under test, and the flaw-detected wheelset 70 is transported away by the wheelset transfer device 100.

[0178] It is worth noting that the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10 of this application uses a flaw detection feed structure 320 to drive the composite probe 350 to achieve flaw detection of the hollow axle 701. The structure and working principle of the flaw detection feed structure 320 and the composite probe 350 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail below.

[0179] The flaw detection feed structure 320 is mounted on the mounting base 310 via a parallel robot 330. Specifically, the bottom of the parallel robot 330 is mounted on the mounting base 310, and the flaw detection feed structure 320 is mounted on the top of the parallel robot 330. The parallel robot 330 can drive the flaw detection feed structure 320 to move, enabling the flaw detection feed structure 320 to engage with or disengage from the hollow axle 701. It is worth noting that the parallel robot 330 can adopt the current structure of parallel robotic arms, which will not be elaborated further below.

[0180] Furthermore, the parallel robot 330 can control the movement of the flaw detection feed structure 320 based on relevant data of the wheelset 70 under test, and this data is acquired through the imaging component 340. Specifically, the imaging component 340 can scan the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test, completing the acquisition of coordinate data of the hollow axle 701 and its internal cavity. The parallel robot 330 controls the movement of the flaw detection feed structure 320 based on the coordinate data. Optionally, the imaging component 340 can be a 3D camera or other structure capable of scanning the hollow axle 701 and its internal cavity.

[0181] See Figure 1 and Figure 10In one embodiment, the support platform 400 further includes a motion track 420, which is perpendicular to the wheelset track 410 and located on the side of the inspection station. A mounting base 310 is slidably disposed on the motion track 420. Thus, during flaw detection, the flaw detection feed device 300 moves along the motion track 420 via the mounting base 310 to the side of the wheelset 70 to be tested. After flaw detection is completed, the flaw detection feed device 300 can be removed from the side of the wheelset 70 via the mounting base 310 along the motion track 420.

[0182] See Figure 11 In one embodiment, the flaw detection feed device 300 further includes a seal 360, which is disposed at the end of the flaw detection feed structure 320 facing the wheelset 70 to be tested and located outside the composite probe 350. The seal 360 can abut against the cross-section of the hollow axle 701. The seal 360 is disposed on the end face of the flaw detection feed structure 320 and facing the wheelset 70 to be tested.

[0183] When the flaw detection feed structure 320 is docked with the hollow axle 701, the seal 360 can seal against the end of the hollow axle 701. In this way, the end faces of the flaw detection feed structure 320 and the hollow axle 701 can squeeze the seal 360 to adjust the deviation. There is no need to set up an adapter connection and locking, which facilitates the docking of the flaw detection feed structure 320 and the hollow axle 701.

[0184] Optionally, the seal 360 may be a rubber ring or the like. Optionally, the flaw detection feed structure 320 has a mounting groove on the end face of the wheelset 70 to be tested, and the seal 360 is disposed in the mounting groove and protrudes from the end face, so as to facilitate the flaw detection feed structure 320 and the hollow axle 701 to press the seal 360 together.

[0185] In one embodiment, the flaw detection feed device 300 further includes a cleaning head (not shown), which is disposed on the composite probe 350 and moves into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701 along with the composite probe 350 to clean the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701. The cleaning head can clean the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701, which facilitates the subsequent flaw detection of the hollow axle 701 by the composite probe 350.

[0186] During flaw detection, the flaw detection feed structure 320 is connected to the hollow axle 701. At this time, the composite probe 350 is located in the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701. The composite probe 350 can move towards the end away from the flaw detection feed structure 320. During the forward movement, the composite probe 350 cleans the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701 through the cleaning head.

[0187] After the composite probe 350 moves to the end of the hollow axle 701, it completes the cleaning of the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701. Then, the composite probe 350 retracts, and during this process, it performs flaw detection on the hollow axle 701. When the composite probe 350 returns to its initial position, the flaw detection operation is complete.

[0188] See Figures 10 to 12 In one embodiment, the flaw detection feed device 300 further includes an oil injection pump 370, which is disposed in the flaw detection feed structure 320 and connected to the composite probe 350. The oil injection pump 370 can inject oil into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701 after flaw detection. After flaw detection, the flaw detection feed device 300 injects oil into the hollow axle 701 through the oil injection pump 370 to ensure the performance of the hollow axle 701.

[0189] After the wheelset stopping device 200 stops the wheelset 70 under test, the imaging component 340 can scan the hollow axle 701 and its inner cavity of the wheelset 70 under test, completing the acquisition of coordinate data of the hollow axle 701 and its inner cavity. Subsequently, the parallel robot 330 moves according to the acquired coordinate data so that the flaw detection feed structure 320 and the end of the hollow axle 701 come into contact. Since the end face of the flaw detection feed structure 320 is provided with a seal 360, the flaw detection feed structure 320 contacts and squeezes the end of the hollow axle 701 to adjust the deviation, eliminating the need for adapter connection and locking.

[0190] Subsequently, the flaw detection feed structure 320 controls the extension of the composite probe 350, which is located inside the hollow axle 701. A cleaning head is installed at the end of the composite probe 350, and its axial movement cleans the cavity of the hollow axle 701. When the composite probe 350 reaches the end of the hollow axle 701, it begins to retract, at which point it performs flaw detection on the axle. Once the composite probe 350 returns to its initial position, the flaw detection action is complete, a predetermined amount of oil is injected into the cavity of the hollow axle 701, and the flaw detection feed structure 320 executes the command in reverse along the flaw detection path, causing the flaw detection feed device 300 to return to its initial position. Then, the stop on the wheelset 70 under test is released, allowing the wheelset 70 to be moved away.

[0191] The flaw detection process of the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10 of this application on the wheelset 70 under test is as follows: After the wheelset 70 under test moves into position, the wheelset transfer device 100 receives the transport command, and the telescopic drive member drives the connecting shaft 141 to drive the push wheel 142 to extend axially so that the push wheel 142 locks the wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test. Subsequently, the first drive member drives the traveling wheel 120 to move along the traveling track 110, thereby driving the push structure 140 to translate, and then the push structure 140 pushes the wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test through the corresponding two push wheels 142, so that the wheelset 70 under test rolls along the wheelset track 410.

[0192] The arrival detection unit 600 can detect whether the wheelset 70 to be tested has moved to the inspection station. During the process of the wheelset transfer device 100 pushing the wheelset 70 to be tested, if the arrival detection unit 600 can detect the wheelset 70, the arrival detection unit 600 controls the wheelset transfer device 100 to stop moving via the controller 500, thus placing the wheelset 70 to be tested at the inspection station. If the arrival detection unit 600 does not detect the wheelset 70 to be tested at the inspection station, the wheelset transfer device 100 continues to push the wheelset 70 to be tested until the arrival detection unit 600 detects the wheelset 70 to be tested at the inspection station.

[0193] After the wheelset 70 under test is placed at the testing station, the telescopic drive unit drives the connecting shaft 141 to move the push wheel 142 axially away from the wheel disk 702. Simultaneously, the first drive unit drives the traveling wheel 120 to move along the traveling track 110, so that the wheelset transfer device 100 returns to its initial position to await further transfer commands. At this time, the wheelset transfer device 100 is in its initial position and away from the wheelset 70 under test.

[0194] After the wheelset 70 under test is placed at the testing station, the wheelset stop device 200 is used to stop it. Upon receiving an action command, the second drive member 210 is energized and extends, driving the second support member 220 to raise the stop member 230. At this time, the third detection member 243 gradually moves away from the first detection member 241, while the second detection member 242 gradually moves closer to the first detection member 241. When the second detection member 242 is directly opposite the first detection member 241, it triggers the first detection member 241, which then controls the second drive member 210 to stop. At this point, the stop member 230 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the wheelset 70 under test, thus limiting its movement. In this way, the wheelset 70 under test is fixed, preventing it from moving along the wheelset track 410.

[0195] After the wheelset stopping device 200 stops the wheelset 70 under test, the flaw detection feed device 300 performs flaw detection on the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test. First, the imaging device 340 scans the hollow axle 701 and its inner cavity of the wheelset 70 under test, completing the acquisition of coordinate data of the hollow axle 701 and its inner cavity. Subsequently, the parallel robot 330 moves according to the acquired coordinate data so that the flaw detection feed structure 320 and the end of the hollow axle 701 come into contact. Since the end face of the flaw detection feed structure 320 is provided with a seal 360, the flaw detection feed structure 320 contacts and squeezes the seal 360 with the end of the hollow axle 701 to adjust the deviation, eliminating the need for adapter connection and locking.

[0196] Then, the flaw detection feed structure 320 controls the extension of the composite probe 350, which is located inside the cavity of the hollow axle 701. A cleaning head is installed at the end of the composite probe 350, and the axial movement of the composite probe 350 cleans the cavity of the hollow axle 701. When the composite probe 350 reaches the end of the hollow axle 701, it begins to retract, at which point the composite probe 350 performs flaw detection on the hollow axle 701. When the composite probe 350 returns to its initial position, the flaw detection action is completed. Subsequently, a predetermined amount of oil is injected into the cavity of the hollow axle 701. The flaw detection feed structure 320 executes the command in reverse according to the flaw detection path, and the flaw detection feed device 300 returns to its initial position.

[0197] After the flaw detection feed device 300 returns to its initial position, the wheel set 70 under test can be released from its stop. The second drive member 210 drives the second support member 220 to lower the stop member 230. At this time, the second detection member 242 gradually moves away from the first detection member 241, and the third detection member 243 gradually moves closer to the first detection member 241. When the third detection member 243 is directly facing the first detection member 241, it can trigger the first detection member 241. The first detection member 241 controls the second drive member 210 to stop working, and at this time, the stop member 230 returns to its initial position. At this time, the wheel set 70 under test is no longer fixed and can move along the wheelset track 410.

[0198] After the wheelset 70 under test is released from its stop, the telescopic drive unit drives the connecting shaft 141 to extend the push wheel 142 to the outer circumferential surface of the wheelset 70 under test. The wheelset transfer device 100 moves, causing the push wheel 142 to move, thereby causing the wheelset 70 under test in contact with it to roll along the wheelset track 410, so as to remove the flaw-detected wheelset 70 from the inspection station, completing the flaw detection of the wheelset 70 under test. Furthermore, the flaw detection operation is performed on each wheelset 70 under test according to the above process.

[0199] The automatic flaw detection equipment 10 for hollow axles of this application automatically pushes the wheelset 70 to be tested through a wheelset transfer device 100, automatically fixes the wheelset 70 to be tested through a wheelset stop device 200, and the flaw detection feed device 300 can dock with the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 to be tested and automatically perform flaw detection on the hollow axle 701, realizing the automated operation of flaw detection on the hollow axle 701. In this way, no manual operation is required during the flaw detection process of the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 to be tested, which can improve flaw detection efficiency, reduce the labor intensity of operators, improve the stability of flaw detection on the wheelset 70 to be tested, and prevent the position of the wheelset 70 to be tested from shifting.

[0200] Furthermore, the wheelset stopping device 200, through the cooperation of the first detection element 241, the second detection element 242, and the third detection element 243, enables the wheelset stopping device 200 to accurately stop or release the wheelset 70 under test. The flaw detection feed device 300 can adjust the deviation when it abuts against the end of the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test, without the need for adapter connection and locking. The cleaning head at the end of the composite probe 350 cleans the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701, facilitating flaw detection operations on the hollow axle 701. After flaw detection, oil is injected into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701 to ensure its performance.

[0201] See Figure 1 and Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the automatic flaw detection method for hollow axles according to this application. This application also provides an automatic flaw detection method for hollow axles, which is applied to the automatic flaw detection device 10 for hollow axles as described in any of the above embodiments. The automatic flaw detection method for hollow axles includes the following steps:

[0202] The control wheelset transfer device 100 drives the wheelset under test 70 to move;

[0203] Determine whether the in-place inspection piece 600 is triggered at the inspection station. If yes, control the wheel set transfer device 100 to stop moving. If no, control the wheel set transfer device 100 to push the wheel set 70 to be tested to move until the wheel set 70 to be tested moves to the inspection station.

[0204] The second drive member 210 in the control wheel set stop device 200 drives the stop member 230 to extend;

[0205] Determine whether the first detection element 241 triggers the second detection element 242. If yes, control the second drive element 210 to stop extending. If no, control the second detection element 242 to continue extending until the first detection element 241 triggers the second detection element 242, so that the stop element 230 abuts against the wheel 702 of the receiving wheel pair 70.

[0206] The imaging component 340 of the flaw detection feed device 300 scans the coordinate data of the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test and feeds it back to the parallel robot 330 of the flaw detection feed device 300.

[0207] The parallel robot 330 drives the flaw detection feeding structure 320 of the flaw detection feeding device 300 to move according to the coordinate data, so that the composite probe 350 of the flaw detection feeding device 300 extends into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701.

[0208] The composite probe 350 is used for cleaning and flaw detection inside the hollow axle 701;

[0209] After flaw detection is completed, oil is injected into the inner cavity of the hollow axle 701;

[0210] The parallel robot 330 drives the flaw detection feed structure 320 to disengage from the hollow axle 701;

[0211] The wheelset stopping device 200 releases the wheelset 70 under test from the stop, and the wheelset transfer device 100 transports the wheelset 70 under test away.

[0212] The flaw detection process of the hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment 10 of this application on the wheelset 70 under test is as follows: After the wheelset 70 under test moves into position, the wheelset transfer device 100 receives the transport command, and the telescopic drive member drives the connecting shaft 141 to drive the push wheel 142 to extend axially so that the push wheel 142 locks the wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test. Subsequently, the first drive member drives the traveling wheel 120 to move along the traveling track 110, thereby driving the push structure 140 to translate, and then the push structure 140 pushes the wheel disc 702 of the wheelset 70 under test through the corresponding two push wheels 142, so that the wheelset 70 under test rolls along the wheelset track 410.

[0213] The arrival detection unit 600 can detect whether the wheelset 70 to be tested has moved to the inspection station. During the process of the wheelset transfer device 100 pushing the wheelset 70 to be tested, if the arrival detection unit 600 can detect the wheelset 70, the arrival detection unit 600 controls the wheelset transfer device 100 to stop moving via the controller 500, thus placing the wheelset 70 to be tested at the inspection station. If the arrival detection unit 600 does not detect the wheelset 70 to be tested at the inspection station, the wheelset transfer device 100 continues to push the wheelset 70 to be tested until the arrival detection unit 600 detects the wheelset 70 to be tested at the inspection station.

[0214] After the wheelset 70 under test is placed at the testing station, the telescopic drive unit drives the connecting shaft 141 to move the push wheel 142 axially away from the wheel disk 702. Simultaneously, the first drive unit drives the traveling wheel 120 to move along the traveling track 110, so that the wheelset transfer device 100 returns to its initial position to await further transfer commands. At this time, the wheelset transfer device 100 is in its initial position and away from the wheelset 70 under test.

[0215] After the wheelset 70 under test is placed at the testing station, the wheelset stop device 200 is used to stop it. Upon receiving an action command, the second drive member 210 is energized and extends, driving the second support member 220 to raise the stop member 230. At this time, the third detection member 243 gradually moves away from the first detection member 241, while the second detection member 242 gradually moves closer to the first detection member 241. When the second detection member 242 is directly opposite the first detection member 241, it triggers the first detection member 241, which then controls the second drive member 210 to stop. At this point, the stop member 230 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the wheelset 70 under test, thus limiting its movement. In this way, the wheelset 70 under test is fixed, preventing it from moving along the wheelset track 410.

[0216] After the wheelset stopping device 200 stops the wheelset 70 under test, the flaw detection feed device 300 performs flaw detection on the hollow axle 701 of the wheelset 70 under test. First, the imaging device 340 scans the hollow axle 701 and its inner cavity of the wheelset 70 under test, completing the acquisition of coordinate data of the hollow axle 701 and its inner cavity. Subsequently, the parallel robot 330 moves according to the acquired coordinate data so that the flaw detection feed structure 320 and the end of the hollow axle 701 come into contact. Since the end face of the flaw detection feed structure 320 is provided with a seal 360, the flaw detection feed structure 320 contacts and squeezes the seal 360 with the end of the hollow axle 701 to adjust the deviation, eliminating the need for adapter connection and locking.

[0217] Subsequently, the flaw detection feed structure 320 controls the extension of the composite probe 350, which is located within the cavity of the hollow axle 701. A cleaning head is installed at the end of the composite probe 350, and its axial movement cleans the cavity of the hollow axle 701. After reaching the end of the hollow axle 701, the composite probe 350 begins to retract, at which point it performs flaw detection on the axle. Once the composite probe 350 returns to its initial position, the flaw detection operation is complete. Then, a predetermined amount of oil is injected into the cavity of the hollow axle 701. The flaw detection feed structure 320 executes the command in reverse along the flaw detection path, and the flaw detection feed device 300 returns to its initial position.

[0218] After the flaw detection feed device 300 returns to its initial position, the wheel set 70 under test can be released from its stop. The second drive member 210 drives the second support member 220 to lower the stop member 230. At this time, the second detection member 242 gradually moves away from the first detection member 241, and the third detection member 243 gradually moves closer to the first detection member 241. When the third detection member 243 is directly facing the first detection member 241, it can trigger the first detection member 241. The first detection member 241 controls the second drive member 210 to stop working, and at this time, the stop member 230 returns to its initial position. At this time, the wheel set 70 under test is no longer fixed and can move along the wheelset track 410.

[0219] After the wheelset 70 under test is released from its stop, the telescopic drive unit drives the connecting shaft 141 to extend the push wheel 142 to the outer circumferential surface of the wheelset 70 under test. The wheelset transfer device 100 moves, causing the push wheel 142 to move, thereby causing the wheelset 70 under test in contact with it to roll along the wheelset track 410, so as to remove the flaw-detected wheelset 70 from the inspection station, completing the flaw detection of the wheelset 70 under test. Furthermore, the flaw detection operation is performed on each wheelset 70 under test according to the above process.

[0220] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0221] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic flaw detection device for hollow axles, characterized in that, The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles used to inspect wheelsets under test includes: A wheelset transfer device is used to push the wheelset to be tested to the testing station; A wheelset stopping device is disposed at the inspection station, the wheelset stopping device being used to limit the wheelset under test at the inspection station; and The flaw detection feed device is located on the side of the inspection station. The flaw detection feed device can dock with the end of the hollow axle fixed at the inspection station and perform automatic flaw detection on the hollow axle.

2. The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment also includes an arrival detection component, which is located at the detection station and is electrically connected to the wheelset transfer device. The positioning detection component can detect whether the wheelset to be tested has moved to the detection station, and control the wheelset transfer device to move or stop according to the detection signal.

3. The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wheelset transfer device includes a travel track, a travel wheel, a first drive member, a first support member, and a pushing structure. The travel track has a detection station. The travel wheel can move along the travel track. The output end of the first drive member is connected to the travel wheel and is disposed on the first support member. The pushing structure is disposed on the first support member and extends along the axial direction of the wheelset to be tested. The pushing structure can abut against the outer circumferential surface of the wheel disc of the wheelset to be tested. When the first driving member drives the walking wheel to move along the walking track, it can drive the first support member and the pushing structure to move, so that the pushing structure can push the wheelset to be tested to the detection station.

4. The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wheelset transfer device also includes a limiting member, which is disposed on the first support member and has a preset distance from the surface of the travel track that is away from the travel wheel; And / or, the wheelset transfer device further includes a clamping member disposed on the first support member and rotatably abutting against the inner top surface of the travel track; And / or, the wheelset transfer device further includes a pretensioner connected to the first support member, used to adjust the pretension force between the traveling wheel and the traveling track; And / or, the first support member includes a support base, a first support plate, and a second support plate, the support base being disposed above the first support plate, the pushing structure being disposed on the support base, the first driving member being connected to the first support plate, the second support plate being located below the first support plate, and the pre-tensioning member of the wheelset transfer device elastically connecting the first support plate and the second support plate.

5. The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pushing structure includes a connecting shaft and a pushing wheel. The connecting shaft extends along the axial direction of the wheelset to be tested and is disposed on the first support member. The pushing wheel is rotatably disposed on the connecting shaft and is located on the outer periphery of the wheel disc.

6. The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the pushing structures is two, and the two pushing structures are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the wheelset to be tested, with each pushing structure corresponding to the wheel disk; And / or, the pushing structure includes two connecting shafts and two pushing wheels, the two connecting shafts being arranged radially spaced along the wheel disk, such that the two pushing wheels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wheel disk; And / or, the pushing structure further includes a telescopic drive member, which is connected to the connecting shaft and drives the connecting shaft to move the pushing wheel along the axial direction of the wheelset under test; And / or, the pushing structure further includes a centering drive member, a centering transmission member, and two output members. The centering drive member is disposed on the first support member and connected to the centering transmission member. The two output members are respectively connected to the centering transmission member and output opposite movements. Each output member is connected to a connecting shaft. The centering transmission member drives the connecting shaft to move through the two output members, so that the two connecting shafts move closer to each other or further away from each other.

7. The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The hollow axle automatic flaw detection equipment also includes a support platform, and the wheelset transfer device and the wheelset stopping device are disposed on the support platform; The wheelset stopping device includes a second driving member, a second support member, and a stop member. The second driving member is disposed on the support platform, and the stop member is disposed on the second support member. The output end of the second driving member is connected to the second support member and can drive the second support member to move so that the stop member abuts against or disengages from the disc of the wheelset under test.

8. The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The wheelset stopping device further includes a buffer member, which is disposed between the second drive member and the second support member; And / or, the stop is a roller and is rotatably disposed on the second support member; And / or, the number of the stops is two, and they are arranged at radial intervals along the wheel, with the distance between the two stops being less than the diameter of the wheel; And / or, the number of wheelset stopping devices is two, the two wheelset stopping devices are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the wheelset to be tested, and each wheelset stopping device corresponds to one of the wheel discs of the wheelset to be tested; And / or, the wheelset stopping device further includes a detection structure, which is disposed on the second drive member and the second support member respectively. The detection structure can control the second drive member to stop working when the stop member abuts against the wheelset under test or when the stop member is in the initial position. The wheelset stopping device further includes a first detection element and a second detection element. The first detection element is disposed on the second drive element, and the second detection element is disposed on the second support element and moves with the second support element. When the stopping element abuts against the wheel disc, the first detection element and the second detection element are triggered to control the second drive element to stop working; and / or, the wheelset stopping device further includes a first detection element and a third detection element. The first detection element is disposed on the second drive element, and the third detection element is disposed on the second support element and moves with the second support element. After the stopping element disengages from the wheel disc and returns to its initial position, the first detection element and the third detection element are triggered to control the second drive element to stop working.

9. The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The flaw detection feeding device includes a mounting base, a flaw detection feeding structure, a parallel robot, an imaging component, and a composite probe. The mounting base is set on a support platform, the parallel robot is set on the mounting base, the flaw detection feeding structure is installed at its output end, and the composite probe is set at the end of the flaw detection feeding structure facing the wheelset to be tested. The parallel robot can drive the flaw detection feed structure to move, so that the flaw detection feed structure docks with the end of the hollow axle of the wheelset to be tested, and the composite probe extends into the inner cavity of the hollow axle to perform flaw detection on the hollow axle.

10. The automatic flaw detection equipment for hollow axles according to claim 9, characterized in that, The flaw detection feed device also includes a seal, which is disposed at the end of the flaw detection feed structure facing the wheelset to be tested and located on the outside of the composite probe. The seal can abut against the cross-section of the hollow axle. And / or, the flaw detection feed device further includes a cleaning head, which is disposed on the composite probe and moves into the inner cavity of the hollow axle with the composite probe to clean the inner cavity of the wheelset; And / or, the flaw detection feed device further includes an oil injection pump, which is disposed in the flaw detection feed structure and connected to the composite probe, and the oil injection pump can inject oil into the inner cavity of the hollow axle after flaw detection is completed.

11. An automatic flaw detection method for hollow axles, characterized in that, The automatic flaw detection method for hollow axles, applicable to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprises the following steps: The control wheelset transfer device drives the movement of the wheelset under test; Determine whether the detection component is triggered at the detection station. If yes, control the wheelset transfer device to stop moving. If no, control the wheelset transfer device to push the wheelset to be tested until the wheelset to be tested moves to the detection station. The second drive component in the control wheel set stop device drives the stop component to extend; Determine whether the first detection element triggers the second detection element. If yes, control the second drive element to stop extending. If no, control the second detection element to continue extending until the first detection element triggers the second detection element, so that the stop element abuts against the wheel disc of the wheelset to be tested. The imaging device of the flaw detection feed device scans the coordinate data of the hollow axle of the wheelset under test and feeds it back to the parallel robot of the flaw detection feed device. The parallel robot drives the flaw detection feed structure of the flaw detection feed device to move according to the coordinate data, so that the composite probe of the flaw detection feed device extends into the inner cavity of the hollow axle; The composite probe is used for cleaning and flaw detection inside the hollow axle; After flaw detection is completed, oil is injected into the inner cavity of the hollow axle; The parallel robot drives the flaw detection feed structure to detach from the hollow axle; The wheelset stopping device releases the wheelset under test, and the wheelset transfer device moves the wheelset under test away.

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