A suspension electromagnet multi-physics field coupling performance testing device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to a device and method for testing the multiphysics coupling performance of a levitation electromagnet. The device includes: an electromagnet mounting module mounted on a frame and displacement platform module for mounting and fixing the levitation electromagnet module to be tested, with the frame and displacement platform module providing the horizontal displacement degree of freedom; a long stator simulation module positioned above the electromagnet mounting module for simulating the long stator structure of a maglev track; a levitation air gap adjustment module for driving the long stator simulation module to move vertically up and down to simulate different levitation air gaps; and an air gap convection simulation module positioned on the outer periphery of the air gap between the long stator simulation module and the electromagnet mounting module to create a controllable convection environment and monitor the wind speed within the air gap. Compared with existing technologies, this invention can accurately simulate various operating conditions of a levitation electromagnet in actual operation and achieve "electromagnetic-thermal" coupling performance testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-speed maglev performance testing technology, and in particular to a device and method for testing the multi-physics coupling performance of a levitation electromagnet. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed maglev trains are ultra-high-speed ground transportation vehicles that utilize electromagnetic force to achieve contactless levitation and guidance. Operating speeds can reach 400-600 km / h, aiming to fill the speed gap between high-speed rail and air transport. As one of the fastest land transportation modes currently available, its core technologies encompass levitation, propulsion, and guidance systems.

[0003] High-speed maglev trains mainly eliminate mechanical friction between wheels and tracks through electromagnetic force, thereby achieving high-speed travel. Most high-speed maglev trains adopt the electromagnetic levitation (EMS) method, which uses the attraction between onboard electromagnets and the track magnetic field to achieve levitation. The levitation gap is small. Among them, the levitation electromagnet is the key component for achieving stable levitation of the maglev train.

[0004] As maglev trains develop towards higher operating speeds and greater carrying capacity, levitation electromagnets inevitably need to provide greater electromagnetic force, which usually means requiring a larger excitation current. However, with the increase in excitation current, significant Joule heating, or "electromagnetic heat," will be generated inside the electromagnet. This temperature rise effect will accelerate the aging of coil insulation materials and packaging structures, ultimately affecting the reliability and lifespan of the levitation system. Therefore, it is necessary to test the performance of levitation electromagnets in advance. Currently, testing of levitation electromagnets mainly focuses on single electromagnetic performance tests (such as static tensile force tests) or single thermal performance tests. There is a lack of comprehensive testing equipment that can simultaneously simulate and accurately measure the coupling effect of multiple physical fields (electromagnetism and heat) in the laboratory, and it is also impossible to accurately test the real-time coupling relationship between electromagnetic force and temperature rise under various operating conditions (different levitation air gaps, different tooth-slot relative positions, and different convection cooling conditions). Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art by providing a multi-physics coupling performance testing device and method for levitation electromagnets, which can accurately simulate various working conditions of levitation electromagnets in actual operation and realize the "electromagnetic-thermal" coupling performance testing.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a multi-physics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet, comprising a frame and displacement platform module, an electromagnet mounting module, a long stator simulation module, a levitation air gap adjustment module, and an air gap convection simulation module. The electromagnet mounting module is mounted on the frame and displacement platform module and is used to mount and fix the levitation electromagnet module to be tested. The frame and displacement platform module provides the horizontal displacement degree of freedom. The long stator simulation module is positioned above the electromagnet mounting module and is used to simulate the long stator structure of the maglev track. The suspension air gap adjustment module is used to drive the long stator simulation module to move up and down in the vertical direction to simulate different suspension air gaps; The air gap convection simulation module is located on the outer periphery of the air gap between the long stator simulation module and the electromagnet mounting module, and is used to create a controllable convection environment and monitor the wind speed in the air gap.

[0007] Furthermore, the frame and displacement platform module includes a platform base and two parallel first linear guide rails disposed on the platform base. A parallel second linear guide rail is disposed between the two first linear guide rails. Each of the first and second linear guide rails is provided with a slider for connecting and mounting a guide rail plate. The guide rail plate is connected to the electromagnet mounting module. The slider moves horizontally and locks along the first and second linear guide rails.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide rail plate is provided with a limiting groove for positioning and installing the air gap convection simulation module, and a tension and compression sensor for collecting the vertical force on the electromagnet installation module is installed on the guide rail plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the electromagnet mounting module includes a module base mounted above the tension / compression sensor, and a suspended electromagnet module to be tested is connected and mounted above the module base, including two parallel-arranged end-pole electromagnets, and multiple main-pole electromagnets connected between the two end-pole electromagnets.

[0010] Furthermore, the end pole electromagnet is connected to the main pole electromagnet through the first magnetic yoke back plate, the main pole electromagnets are connected to each other through the second magnetic yoke back plate, and electromagnet side plates are provided on both sides of the main pole electromagnets, and the electromagnet side plates are connected to the module base.

[0011] Furthermore, the long stator simulation module includes an I-beam and a stator core below it. The two ends of the I-beam are supported above the electromagnet mounting module by support beams. Three-phase windings are wound on the stator core in phase sequence. Laser displacement sensors are installed on both sides of the stator core to measure the actual air gap distance between the lower surface of the stator core and the upper surface of the levitation electromagnet module.

[0012] Furthermore, the suspension air gap adjustment module is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the long stator simulation module. The suspension air gap adjustment module includes a servo motor and a reducer connected thereto. The reducer is connected to a T-shaped steering gear. The output ends on both sides of the T-shaped steering gear are respectively connected to a screw jack through a drive shaft. The screw connecting plate of the screw jack is fixedly connected to the support beam.

[0013] Furthermore, the air gap convection simulation module includes acrylic side plates arranged opposite each other, and an acrylic top plate is connected between the acrylic side plates by connecting angle aluminum to form a test cavity. A hot wire anemometer is installed on the acrylic side plates, and the probe of the hot wire anemometer extends into the test cavity to monitor the air flow rate in the air gap.

[0014] Furthermore, the connecting angle aluminum is provided with a waist-shaped hole for adjusting the installation height of the acrylic top plate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the air gap height.

[0015] A method for testing the multiphysics coupling performance of a levitation electromagnet includes a static electromagnetic performance testing process, a dynamic electromagnetic performance testing process, and a thermal performance testing process. The static electromagnetic performance testing process includes: The height of the long stator simulation module is adjusted by the air gap adjustment module, and the initial suspension air gap value is set. Connect the electromagnet mounting module to a programmable DC power supply to apply a preset excitation current to the suspended electromagnet module under test, simulating different excitation conditions. The vertical electromagnetic force data generated by the levitation electromagnet module under different excitation conditions are collected by tensile and compressive sensors. Based on the collected vertical electromagnetic force data, the electromagnetic performance curves of the electromagnet under different suspension air gaps and different excitation current conditions were obtained. The dynamic electromagnetic performance testing process includes: Connect the three-phase windings of the long stator simulation module to a three-phase power system to supply three-phase AC power of different frequencies and amplitudes to the three-phase windings; When the three-phase winding is energized, it generates a corresponding traveling wave magnetic field, which drives the electromagnet mounting module to move in the horizontal direction, simulating different traction conditions. Vertical electromagnetic force data during the movement of the electromagnet installation module under different traction conditions are collected synchronously by tension and compression sensors to obtain the corresponding dynamic performance curves. The thermal performance testing process includes: The air gap convection simulation module is connected to an external blower system to introduce airflow at a set speed into the test chamber, and the actual wind speed is monitored by a hot-wire anemometer. By using thermocouples pre-installed on the surface of the levitation electromagnet, temperature change data under different levitation air gaps, different excitation currents, and different convective wind speeds are collected in real time. Based on the collected temperature change data, the temperature rise performance curve of the levitation electromagnet was obtained.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention designs a frame and displacement platform module, an electromagnet mounting module, a long stator simulation module, a suspension air gap adjustment module, and an air gap convection simulation module. The electromagnet mounting module is mounted on the frame and displacement platform module to mount and fix the suspension electromagnet module under test, with the frame and displacement platform module providing the horizontal displacement degree of freedom. The long stator simulation module is positioned above the electromagnet mounting module to simulate the long stator structure of a maglev track. Furthermore, the suspension air gap adjustment module drives the long stator simulation module to move vertically up and down, simulating different suspension air gaps. The air gap convection simulation module is positioned on the outer periphery of the air gap between the long stator simulation module and the electromagnet mounting module to create a controllable convection environment and monitor the wind speed within the air gap. This results in a complete device capable of multi-condition coupling performance testing of suspension electromagnets, accurately simulating various operating conditions of the suspension electromagnet in actual operation, and simultaneously acquiring relevant electromagnetic-thermal multiphysics coupling performance data.

[0017] The frame and displacement platform module of this invention includes two parallel first linear guide rails and a second linear guide rail between them, all mounted on a platform base. Each of the first and second linear guide rails has a slider for connecting and mounting a guide rail plate. The guide rail plate connects to the electromagnet mounting module, allowing the electromagnet mounting module to move horizontally along the first and second linear guide rails and lock under the action of the slider. This simulates different "tooth-to-tooth" or "tooth-to-slot" relative positions between the levitation electromagnet and the stator core. Furthermore, tension and compression sensors are installed on the guide rail plate to collect real-time data on the vertical force acting on the upper electromagnet mounting module.

[0018] This invention installs laser displacement sensors on both sides of the stator core of the long stator simulation module, which can measure the actual air gap distance between the lower surface of the stator core and the upper surface of the levitation electromagnet module in real time. The levitation air gap adjustment module is symmetrically set on both sides of the long stator simulation module. The servo motor and its connected reducer, T-shaped steering gear and screw jack are used to drive the long stator simulation module to move vertically, thereby realizing the accurate simulation of the levitation air gap.

[0019] The air gap convection simulation module designed in this invention includes acrylic side plates arranged opposite each other, and an acrylic top plate is connected between the acrylic side plates by connecting angle aluminum to form a test cavity. By installing hot wire wind speed sensors on the acrylic side plates, the air flow velocity in the air gap can be monitored in real time. In addition, by opening waist-shaped holes on the connecting angle aluminum, the installation height position of the acrylic top plate can be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the air gap height.

[0020] During testing, this invention connects the levitation electromagnet module within the electromagnet mounting module to a programmable DC power supply to simulate load conditions under different excitation currents. Connecting the three-phase windings within the long stator simulation module to a three-phase AC power system simulates the stator magnetic field of a train under different traction conditions. By combining the adjustment and setting of the levitation air gap with corresponding data acquisition from tension / compression sensors, thermocouples, and hot-wire anemometers, it can achieve simulation coverage of multiple operating conditions of the levitation electromagnet and truly reproduce the coupled physical process of "electricity-magnetism-heat". Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the frame and displacement platform module in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnet mounting module in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the long stator simulation module in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the suspended air gap adjustment module in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air gap convection simulation module in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation effect of the air gap convection simulation module in this invention; Explanation of markings in the diagram: 100, Multiphysics Coupling Performance Testing Device; 200, Suspended Air Gap Adjustment Module; 300, Long Stator Simulation Module; 400, Electromagnet Mounting Module; 500, Frame and Displacement Platform Module; 600, Air Gap Convection Simulation Module; 1. Drive shaft; 2. First diaphragm coupling; 3. Screw jack; 4. I-beam; 5. Three-phase winding; 6. Reducer; 7. Servo motor; 8. Platform base; 9. First linear guide rail; 10. Second linear guide rail; 11. End pole electromagnet; 12. Tension / compression sensor; 13. Module base; 14. Guide rail plate; 15. T-shaped steering gear; 16. Main pole electromagnet; 17. Second diaphragm coupling; 18. Screw connecting plate; 19. Third diaphragm coupling; 20. Stator core; 21. First yoke back plate; 22. Second yoke back plate; 23. Electromagnet side plate; 24. Limiting groove; 25. Acrylic top plate; 26. Connecting angle aluminum; 27. Acrylic side plate; 28. Hot wire anemometer; 29. ​​Laser displacement sensor; 30. Support beam. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a multi-physics coupling performance testing device 100 for levitation electromagnets includes a frame and displacement platform module 500, an electromagnet mounting module 400, a long stator simulation module 300, a levitation air gap adjustment module 200, and an air gap convection simulation module 600. The electromagnet mounting module 400 is mounted on the frame and displacement platform module 500 and is used to mount and fix the levitation electromagnet module to be tested. The frame and displacement platform module 500 provides the horizontal displacement degree of freedom. The long stator simulation module 300 is positioned above the electromagnet mounting module 400 and is used to simulate the long stator structure of the magnetic levitation track. The suspension air gap adjustment module 200 is used to drive the long stator simulation module 300 to move vertically to simulate different suspension air gaps. The air gap convection simulation module 600 is located on the outer periphery of the air gap between the long stator simulation module 300 and the electromagnet mounting module 400, and is used to form a controllable convection environment and monitor the wind speed in the air gap.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the frame and displacement platform module 500 is a platform base 8. In this embodiment, the platform base 8 is made of aluminum profiles. It consists of a frame composed of three parallel main profiles and profiles vertically connected to both sides. Two first linear guide rails 9 (in this embodiment, the cross-section of the first linear guide rail 9 is circular) are symmetrically installed on the upper surface of the main profiles on both sides. A second linear guide rail 10 (in this embodiment, the cross-section of the second linear guide rail 10 is square) is installed on the middle profile. The three linear guide rails are parallel to each other. Each linear guide rail is equipped with a slider (in this embodiment, two sliders are configured on each of the circular first linear guide rails 9 and two sliders are configured on the square second linear guide rails 10); by fixing the lower surface of the guide rail plate 14 to these six sliders, it can move or lock smoothly along the horizontal direction (X direction) of the guide rail, so that the electromagnet mounting module 400 above can move or lock synchronously in the horizontal direction, thereby simulating the different "tooth-slot" relative positions between the levitation electromagnet and the stator core; In this embodiment, four limiting grooves 24 are symmetrically opened at the four corners of the upper surface of the guide rail plate 14 for positioning and installing the air gap convection simulation module 600. Six tension and compression sensors 12 are symmetrically installed on the upper surface of the guide rail plate 14 for real-time sensing of the vertical force (Z direction) on the electromagnet mounting module 400 above. The distribution direction of the tension and compression sensors 12 is parallel to the direction of the guide rail.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnet mounting module 400 includes a module base 13, and a floating electromagnet module to be tested is connected and installed on the top of the module base 13, including two parallel-arranged end magnetic pole electromagnets 11, and multiple main magnetic pole electromagnets 16 connected between the two end magnetic pole electromagnets 11.

[0026] In this embodiment, a levitation electromagnet module is formed by three main pole electromagnets 16 in the middle and two end pole electromagnets 11 on both sides arranged horizontally. Within the levitation electromagnet module, adjacent end pole electromagnets 11 are connected to the main pole electromagnets 16 via a first magnetic yoke back plate 21, and adjacent main pole electromagnets 16 are connected via a second magnetic yoke back plate 22. Each main pole electromagnet 16 has an electromagnet side plate 23 installed on both its front and rear sides, and the electromagnet side plate 23 is fixedly connected to the module base 13 at the bottom via corresponding holes. The entire electromagnet mounting module 400 is mounted above the tension / compression sensor 12 via the module base 13.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the long stator simulation module 300 includes an I-beam 4, a stator core 20 fixedly disposed below the I-beam 4, and a three-phase winding 5 wound in the slots of the stator core 20 according to the phase sequence. In this embodiment, the lower surface of the I-beam 4 is fixedly connected to the back plate of the stator core 20 by nuts, the stator core 20 is connected in parallel with the I-beam 4, and the three-phase winding 5 adopts a distributed winding method and is wound in the slots of the stator core 20 according to the phase sequence "AZBXCY".

[0028] The two ends of the I-beam 4 are fixedly connected to the support beam 30 by reinforcing ribs. The support beam 30 is erected above the electromagnet mounting module 400. In this embodiment, a square profile is used to construct the support beam 30. Laser displacement sensors 29 are also installed on both sides of the stator core 20. The detection head of the laser displacement sensor 29 faces the electromagnet mounting module 400. Its measurement reference is the lower surface of the stator core 20. The laser beam shines vertically downward to measure the actual air gap distance between the lower surface of the stator core 20 and the upper surface of the suspended electromagnet in real time.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the suspension air gap adjustment module 200 adopts a synchronous lifting design and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the long stator simulation module 300. It includes a screw jack 3 and a T-shaped steering gear 15. The output ends of the two sides of the T-shaped steering gear 15 are respectively connected to two drive shafts 1 through a third diaphragm coupling 19. The other end of the drive shaft 1 is then connected to the input end of the screw jack 3 through a first diaphragm coupling 2. The input end of the T-shaped steering gear 15 is connected to the output end of the reducer 6 through a second diaphragm coupling 17. The input end of the reducer 6 is connected to the output end of the servo motor 7. By controlling the servo motor 7, the screw of the screw jack 3 can be driven to move up and down. Its moving end is fixedly connected to the support beam 30 of the long stator simulation module 300 through the screw connecting plate 18, thereby driving the entire long stator simulation module 300 to move up and down in the vertical direction, so as to accurately simulate different suspension air gaps.

[0030] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the air gap convection simulation module 600 is formed by two oppositely arranged acrylic side plates 27 and a top acrylic plate 25. The lower opening design forms a test chamber that covers the outer periphery of the air gap between the long stator simulation module 300 and the electromagnet mounting module 400. Four connecting aluminum angles 26 are fixed to the four corners of the upper surface of the acrylic top plate 25 through mounting holes. The other side of each connecting aluminum angle 26 has a waist-shaped hole for connecting to the acrylic side plates 27 and for adjusting the height of the acrylic side plates 27, thereby fine-tuning the suspended air gap. Furthermore, a hot-wire anemometer 28 is horizontally inserted into a hole in the acrylic side plate 27, with its probe extending into the test area inside the air gap to monitor the air velocity in real time. During installation, the bottom of the acrylic side plates 27 of the air gap convection simulation module 600 is inserted into the limiting groove 24 on the guide rail plate 14 to achieve installation positioning.

[0031] Based on the above testing device, a method for testing the multi-physics coupling performance of a levitation electromagnet is implemented, including a static electromagnetic performance testing process, a dynamic electromagnetic performance testing process, and a thermal performance testing process. The static electromagnetic performance testing aims to obtain the electromagnetic force characteristics of the levitation electromagnet under different air gaps and different currents. The corresponding operating condition settings and steps include: 1. Suspension Air Gap Setting: By controlling the servo motor 7, the suspension air gap adjustment module 200 is driven to adjust the long stator simulation module 300 to the preset height. The actual air gap value δ is monitored and fed back in real time by the laser displacement sensor 29, realizing accurate simulation of any air gap within the range of 8.5~12 mm; 2. “Gear-slot” position setting: Push the electromagnet mounting module 400 to move it along the guide rail (X direction) of the frame and displacement platform module 500 to the preset position, simulating different “tooth-to-tooth” or “tooth-to-slot” relative positions between the electromagnet and the stator core 20, and then lock it; record the initial vertical force F1 collected by the tension and compression sensor 12 at this time.

[0032] 3. Excitation Current Setting: Different set DC currents I are applied to the terminal pole electromagnet 11 and the main pole electromagnet 16 under test via an external programmable DC power supply. in .

[0033] 4. After each working condition (different suspension air gaps, different "tooth-groove" positions, different excitation currents) stabilizes, the vertical force F2 generated by the electromagnet is collected by the tension and compression sensor 12, and the collected data is input to the computer via the signal acquisition card.

[0034] 5. Performance curve generation: By changing the suspension air gap δ and the excitation current I in Repeat the above steps at the "tooth-groove" position to obtain a series of electromagnetic force performance curves, such as the "current-force" characteristic curve and the "air gap-force" characteristic curve.

[0035] Dynamic electromagnetic performance testing, also known as traction condition simulation testing, aims to simulate the dynamic influence of the long stator traveling wave magnetic field on the levitation electromagnet during train traction / braking. The corresponding operating condition settings and procedures include: 1. Suspension Air Gap Setting: By controlling the servo motor 7, the suspension air gap adjustment module 200 is driven to adjust the long stator simulation module 300 to the preset height. The actual air gap value δ is monitored and fed back in real time by the laser displacement sensor 29.

[0036] 2. Excitation current setting: A set DC current I is applied to the terminal pole electromagnet 11 and the main pole electromagnet 16 under test via an external programmable DC power supply. in Record the initial vertical force F1 collected by the tension and compression sensor 12 at this time.

[0037] 3. Traction magnetic field setting: Three-phase AC power of set frequency and amplitude is supplied to the three-phase winding 5 of the long stator simulation module 300 through an external three-phase AC power supply to simulate the traveling wave magnetic field generated by the track.

[0038] 4. Dynamic response: Under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field, the electromagnet mounting module 400 below will be subjected to a horizontal traction force, causing it to tend to move along the guide rail (X direction); the vertical force F2 after the electromagnet generates electromagnetic attraction is collected by the tension and compression sensor 12, and the collected data is input to the computer via the signal acquisition card.

[0039] 5. Performance curve generation: By changing the frequency and current of the three-phase power supply, dynamic performance curves such as vertical force stability and horizontal thrust of the suspension electromagnet under different traction conditions are obtained.

[0040] Thermal performance testing, also known as electro-thermal coupling testing, aims to obtain the temperature rise characteristics of an electromagnet under conditions of excitation heating and convection cooling. The corresponding operating conditions and procedures include: 1. Install the convection dome: Before conducting the thermal test, adjust the height of the suspended air gap adjustment module 200 so that it can install the air gap convection simulation module 600 into the limiting groove 24 and cover the air gap area. 2. Suspension air gap setting: By adjusting the angle aluminum of the air gap convection simulation module 600, the relative position of the acrylic top plate 25 and the acrylic side plate 27 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the height of the air gap; 3. Convection Condition Setting: Airflow is introduced into the air gap through the opening in the acrylic side plate 27 using an external blower. The surface wind speed v of the electromagnet is controlled by adjusting the blower power and monitoring it using the hot-wire anemometer 28.

[0041] 4. Excitation current setting: Surface-mount thermocouples are attached to the key parts (magnetic pole surface) of the electromagnet under test; during the energization and excitation process, the temperature T changes with time t, and the actual wind speed v of the hot-wire anemometer 28 are collected synchronously.

[0042] 5. Performance curve generation: with fixed air gap δ and excitation current I in By changing the wind speed v, temperature rise curves under different convection conditions can be obtained; or the wind speed v and excitation current I can be fixed. in By changing the air gap δ, temperature rise curves under different air gap conditions can be obtained; or by fixing the air gap δ and the wind speed v, the excitation current I can be changed. in Temperature rise curves under different loads were obtained. These curves can be used to evaluate the heat capacity, heat dissipation efficiency, and thermal stability of the electromagnet.

[0043] In summary, this solution accurately simulates different suspension air gaps through the air gap adjustment module; simulates arbitrary relative positions between the electromagnet and the stator slots through the displacement platform module; simulates different excitation currents through the programmable DC power supply; and simulates the dynamic magnetic field under traction conditions through the three-phase power supply system. Thus, it has the ability to simulate multiple operating conditions and can achieve comprehensive and accurate simulation of multiple operating conditions of the actual operation of the suspension electromagnet.

[0044] This scheme integrates electromagnetic force testing (tension and compression sensors), temperature field testing (surface-mounted thermocouples for electromagnets), and convection environment simulation (air gap convection hood and hot-wire anemometer) in the same testing device, thus possessing multi-physics field coupling testing capabilities. It can realistically reproduce the coupled physical process of "electric-magnetic-thermal", providing an experimental platform for studying the performance of levitation electromagnets under multi-field coupling.

[0045] This solution adopts a modular design, in which each functional module is relatively independent. For example, by changing the fixture of the electromagnet mounting module, levitation electromagnets with different designs or manufacturing processes can be tested.

[0046] Applying this solution to practical applications enables rapid and comprehensive testing of the coupling performance of levitation electromagnets under various operating conditions, thereby reliably supporting the research and development and verification of high-speed maglev transportation technology.

Claims

1. A device for testing the multiphysics coupling performance of a levitation electromagnet, characterized in that, It includes a frame and displacement platform module (500), an electromagnet mounting module (400), a long stator simulation module (300), a suspension air gap adjustment module (200), and an air gap convection simulation module (600). The electromagnet mounting module (400) is mounted on the frame and displacement platform module (500) and is used to install and fix the suspension electromagnet module to be tested. The frame and displacement platform module (500) provides the horizontal displacement degree of freedom. The long stator simulation module (300) is positioned above the electromagnet mounting module (400) and is used to simulate the long stator structure of the maglev track. The suspension air gap adjustment module (200) is used to drive the long stator simulation module (300) to move up and down in the vertical direction to simulate different suspension air gaps; The air gap convection simulation module (600) is located on the outer periphery of the air gap between the long stator simulation module (300) and the electromagnet mounting module (400) to form a controllable convection environment and monitor the wind speed in the air gap.

2. The multiphysics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame and displacement platform module (500) includes a platform base (8) and two parallel first linear guides (9) arranged on the platform base (8). A parallel second linear guide (10) is arranged between the two first linear guides (9). A slider for connecting and mounting a guide plate (14) is provided on both the first linear guide (9) and the second linear guide (10). The guide plate (14) is connected to the electromagnet mounting module (400). The slider moves horizontally and locks along the first linear guide (9) and the second linear guide (10).

3. The multiphysics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide plate (14) is provided with a limiting groove (24) for positioning and installing the air gap convection simulation module (600), and the guide plate (14) is provided with a tension and compression sensor (12) for collecting the vertical force on the electromagnet installation module (400).

4. The multiphysics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electromagnet mounting module (400) includes a module base (13) mounted above the tension and compression sensor (12). The module base (13) is connected to and mounted with a suspended electromagnet module to be tested, including two parallel-arranged end-pole electromagnets (11). Multiple main-pole electromagnets (16) are connected between the two end-pole electromagnets (11).

5. The multiphysics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end pole electromagnet (11) is connected to the main pole electromagnet (16) through the first yoke back plate (21). The main pole electromagnets (16) are connected to each other through the second yoke back plate (22). Electromagnet side plates (23) are provided on both sides of the main pole electromagnet (16). The electromagnet side plates (23) are connected to the module base (13).

6. The multiphysics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The long stator simulation module (300) includes an I-beam (4) and a stator core (20) below it. The two ends of the I-beam (4) are mounted on the electromagnet mounting module (400) through support beams (30). Three-phase windings (5) are wound on the stator core (20) in phase sequence. Laser displacement sensors (29) are installed on both sides of the stator core (20) to measure the actual air gap distance between the lower surface of the stator core (20) and the upper surface of the suspended electromagnet module.

7. The multiphysics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The suspension air gap adjustment module (200) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the long stator simulation module (300). The suspension air gap adjustment module (200) includes a servo motor (7) and a reducer (6) connected thereto. The reducer (6) is connected to a T-shaped steering gear (15). The output ends of the two sides of the T-shaped steering gear (15) are respectively connected to the screw jack (3) through the transmission shaft (1). The screw connecting plate (18) of the screw jack (3) is fixedly connected to the support beam (30).

8. The multiphysics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air gap convection simulation module (600) includes acrylic side plates (27) arranged opposite each other. An acrylic top plate (25) is connected between the acrylic side plates (27) by connecting angle aluminum (26) to form a test cavity. A hot wire wind speed sensor (28) is installed on the acrylic side plate (27). The probe of the hot wire wind speed sensor (28) extends into the test cavity to monitor the air flow rate in the air gap.

9. The multiphysics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The connecting angle aluminum (26) has a waist-shaped hole for adjusting the installation height of the acrylic top plate (25), thereby realizing the adjustment of the air gap height.

10. A method for testing the multiphysics coupling performance of a levitation electromagnet, applied to the multiphysics coupling performance testing device for a levitation electromagnet as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The testing process includes static electromagnetic performance testing, dynamic electromagnetic performance testing, and thermal performance testing. The static electromagnetic performance testing process includes: The height of the long stator simulation module (300) is adjusted by the air gap adjustment module, and the initial suspension air gap value is set. Connect the electromagnet mounting module (400) to a programmable DC power supply to apply a preset excitation current to the suspended electromagnet module under test, simulating different excitation conditions. The vertical electromagnetic force data generated by the levitation electromagnet module under different excitation conditions are collected by the tension and compression sensor (12); Based on the collected vertical electromagnetic force data, the electromagnetic performance curves of the electromagnet under different suspension air gaps and different excitation current conditions were obtained. The dynamic electromagnetic performance testing process includes: Connect the three-phase winding (5) of the long stator simulation module (300) to the three-phase power supply system to supply three-phase AC power of different frequencies and amplitudes to the three-phase winding (5); After the three-phase winding (5) is energized, it generates a corresponding traveling wave magnetic field, which drives the electromagnet mounting module (400) to move in the horizontal direction, simulating different traction conditions. The vertical electromagnetic force data of the electromagnet installation module (400) during the movement process under different traction conditions is collected synchronously by the tension and compression sensor (12) to obtain the corresponding dynamic performance curve; The thermal performance testing process includes: The air gap convection simulation module (600) is connected to an external blower system to introduce an airflow with a set flow rate into the test chamber and monitor the actual wind speed through a hot-wire wind speed sensor (28). By using thermocouples pre-installed on the surface of the levitation electromagnet, temperature change data under different levitation air gaps, different excitation currents, and different convective wind speeds are collected in real time. Based on the collected temperature change data, the temperature rise performance curve of the levitation electromagnet was obtained.

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