An ulcer diagnosis and treatment model and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a surgical diagnosis and training model and its preparation method, comprising a supporting framework layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a silicone skin layer, a meridian marking module, and a lesion simulation module. The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer is wrapped around the supporting framework layer, and the silicone skin layer covers the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer. The silicone skin layer has a Shore hardness of 35-40 degrees to simulate the texture of adult skin. The meridian marking module is set on the surface of the silicone skin layer to present the surface pathways of the twelve regular meridians and the location of acupoints. The lesion simulation module is integrated into the silicone skin layer and / or the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer to simulate the lesion morphology and pathological characteristics of at least one typical surgical disease in traditional Chinese medicine. This invention integrates meridian differentiation with lesion identification, realizing integrated training of "lesion observation - meridian differentiation - practical treatment", which is suitable for teaching and skills training in traditional Chinese medicine surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical teaching and training model technology, and in particular to a surgical diagnosis and training model and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional Chinese medicine surgery (ulceration) focuses on treating sores, skin diseases, and other superficial ailments. Improving its diagnostic and treatment capabilities highly depends on accumulating clinical experience. Typical ulceration diseases include carbuncles, erysipelas, facial boils, and eczema. These diseases exhibit significant specificity in lesion morphology, pathological characteristics, and location of onset. Furthermore, the diagnosis and treatment process requires combining the four diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine (inspection, auscultation and olfaction, inquiry, and palpation) with the theory of "meridian differentiation."

[0003] In clinical teaching and skills training, due to ethical constraints, individual patient differences, and scarcity of case resources, trainees find it difficult to conduct systematic and repetitive diagnostic and treatment practice on patients directly. As a result, simulation training models have become the core carrier connecting theoretical teaching and clinical practice.

[0004] In the existing technology, the implementation schemes most similar to this invention can be mainly divided into two categories. One category is the simulation model of traditional Chinese medicine meridians, such as the "Modern Acupuncture Bronze Man" series of products. Its core advantage lies in the accurate restoration of meridians and anatomical structures, which is suitable for training skills such as acupuncture and massage, but it lacks the simulation of the lesion morphology and pathological characteristics of typical ulcer diseases. The other category is the surgical wound care training model. Its core advantage lies in the restoration of the wound pathological state and the adaptability of operation, but it focuses more on Western medicine wound care scenarios, does not incorporate the theory of traditional Chinese medicine meridian differentiation, and has a limited range of diseases covered.

[0005] Therefore, existing training models all suffer from one-sided functional positioning and insufficient targeting of TCM ulcer diagnosis and treatment, and cannot simultaneously meet core requirements such as adult size adaptation, silicone skin texture reproduction, annotation of the twelve meridians, integrated display of multiple typical ulcer diseases, and practical tolerance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a surgical diagnosis and training model and its preparation method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A surgical diagnosis and training model includes a supporting framework layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a silicone skin layer, a meridian marking module, and a lesion simulation module. The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer is wrapped around the supporting framework layer, and the silicone skin layer covers the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer. The silicone skin layer has a Shore hardness of 35-40 degrees to simulate the texture of adult skin. The meridian marking module is set on the surface of the silicone skin layer to represent the surface pathways of the twelve regular meridians and the location of acupoints. The lesion simulation module is integrated into the silicone skin layer and / or the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer to simulate the lesion morphology and pathological characteristics of at least one typical surgical disease in traditional Chinese medicine. The lesion simulation module includes at least one of the following: A gangrene simulation unit is placed on the back of the neck of the model, and the swelling and abscess cavity are simulated by local thickening of the silicone skin layer and subcutaneous filling blocks. The erysipelas simulation unit, located on the lower limb of the model, includes a flexible heating pad embedded in the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer to simulate the characteristics of redness, swelling, heat, and pain. A facial boil simulation unit is installed on the cheek of the model, and simulates nodules and pustules through the local bulge of the silicone skin layer and the subcutaneous hard core; The eczema simulation unit is located on the flexor side of the forearm of the model and includes a micro-fluid reservoir embedded in the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer. The micro-fluid reservoir is connected to the outside through micropores on the silicone skin layer to simulate exudation.

[0008] More preferably, the supporting skeleton layer is integrally injection molded from ABS engineering plastic, and the supporting skeleton layer is provided with a damping pivot at the joint to realize joint movement within the range of 0-90 degrees.

[0009] More preferably, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer is made of a medical sponge and silicone foam material with a density of 0.3-0.5 g / cm³, used to simulate the softness and pressure feedback of human subcutaneous tissue.

[0010] More preferably, the meridian marking module includes: meridian lines printed on the surface of the silicone skin layer, wherein the meridian lines are printed with medical-grade environmentally friendly ink and the line width is 1.5-2mm; Further preferred, circular markers are set at acupoints along the meridian, with the surface of the markers being slightly raised.

[0011] More preferably, in the erysipelas simulation unit, the temperature control range of the flexible heating element is 37.5-38.5℃.

[0012] More preferably, in the eczema simulation unit, the capacity of the micro-liquid reservoir is 5-10 ml, and the silicone skin layer is printed with erythema, papule texture or treated with a sanding process on the surface of the area corresponding to the micro-liquid reservoir.

[0013] Further preferably, it also includes a wear-resistant reinforcement module, which is a glass fiber cloth reinforcement layer disposed between the support skeleton layer and the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, and a transparent protective film sprayed on the surface of the silicone skin layer.

[0014] A method for preparing a surgical diagnosis and training model includes the following steps: S1. Support frame fabrication: Made of ABS engineering plastic injection molding, with damping pivots installed at the joints; S2. Fabrication of simulated subcutaneous tissue layer: Medical sponge and silicone are mixed in a 1:2 ratio and foamed into shape. Flexible filling blocks, flexible heating pads or micro-liquid reservoirs are embedded in the corresponding areas according to the lesion simulation requirements. S3. Silicone skin layer fabrication: Medical-grade addition-cure silicone is injected into a mold with pre-defined human body zones and lesion textures, and then cured and molded. S4. Meridian Marking Production: Meridian lines and acupoint markings are printed on the surface of the molded silicone skin layer using a screen printing process. S5. Lesion simulation molding: Based on the lesion type, the silicone skin layer is locally thickened, the surface texture is processed, and / or the micro-liquid reservoir is aligned with the micropores of the skin layer. S6. Assembly of each layer: Fix the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer and the supporting skeleton layer, and then cover the outside of the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer with the silicone skin layer and fix it.

[0015] More preferably, in step S3, before the medical-grade addition-cure silicone is injected into the mold, a curing agent and colorant are added and vacuum degassing is performed. The vacuum degree is -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, and the degassing time is 15 minutes. The curing temperature is 60-70℃, and the curing time is 2-3 hours.

[0016] More preferably, after the meridian marking in S4 is completed, a transparent protective film is sprayed onto the marked area.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention combines a supporting framework layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, and a silicone skin layer with a specific hardness. It also integrates a meridian annotation module and a lesion simulation module containing various lesion simulation units. This enables comprehensive and high-fidelity simulation of adult body size, skin texture, meridian distribution, and lesions of various typical ulcer diseases. The model integrates meridian differentiation with lesion identification, providing trainees with an integrated training platform encompassing "lesion observation - meridian differentiation - practical treatment." This effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the limited functionality of training tools and their disconnect from the logic of traditional Chinese medicine surgical diagnosis and treatment, significantly improving the effectiveness and professionalism of practical training. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is the front view of the model in this invention; Figure 2 This is the rear view of the model in this invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the gangrene simulation unit in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the erysipelas simulation unit in this invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the facial boil simulation unit in this invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the eczema simulation unit in this invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the supporting skeleton layer to the transparent protective film in this invention; In the diagram: 1. Supporting skeleton layer; 2. Simulated subcutaneous tissue layer; 3. Silicone skin layer; 4. Gangrenous head simulation unit; 41. Subcutaneous filler block; 42. Purulent cavity; 5. Erysipelas simulation unit; 51. Flexible heating pad; 6. Facial boil simulation unit; 61. Subcutaneous rigid core; 62. Purulent head; 7. Wet ulcer simulation unit; 71. Miniature fluid reservoir; 8. Damping shaft; 9. Fiberglass cloth reinforcement layer; 10. Transparent protective film. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] Example: A surgical diagnosis and training model, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the model is designed to the standard size of an adult male, based on human anatomical proportions. From the outside in, the model consists of a silicone skin layer 3, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2, and a supporting skeleton layer 1. It also integrates a meridian annotation module, a lesion simulation module, and a wear-resistant reinforcement module.

[0022] The supporting skeleton layer 1 provides overall structural support for the model. It is made of ABS engineering plastic through one-piece injection molding and designed according to the anatomical morphology of adult skeletons. The outer diameter of the skeleton is 10-15mm smaller than the corresponding body surface contour and is fixedly connected to the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2 by snap-fit. At the head, face, and limb joints, such as the shoulder, elbow, and knee joints, a movable connection structure is used, which allows for joint movement within a range of 0-90 degrees through the damping pivot 832, adapting to different body positions for diagnosis and training operations.

[0023] The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2, located beneath the silicone skin layer 3, is 8-12 mm thick and is made of a foaming material composed of a 1:2 mixture of medical sponge and silicone, with a density of 0.3-0.5 g / cm³. This layer simulates the softness and pressure feedback of human subcutaneous fat and muscle, ensuring a pressure rebound sensation consistent with the real adult skin surface during palpation. The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2 corresponds to the lesion simulation area of ​​the skin layer and incorporates structures such as flexible filling blocks or micro-fluid reservoirs 71.

[0024] The outermost layer of the model, silicone skin layer 3, is 3-5mm thick and made of medical-grade addition-cure silicone with a Shore hardness controlled between 35-40. This layer simulates the softness, elasticity, and tensile properties of normal adult skin, with a tensile strength ≥3.5MPa and an elongation at break ≥300%. It can withstand repeated palpation, pressure, and simulated medication application and bandaging. The surface of the skin layer integrates meridian marking areas and lesion simulation areas.

[0025] The meridian marking module (not shown in the figure) is used to accurately present the surface pathways of the twelve primary meridians and the location of key acupoints. Specifically, it includes: printing the pathway lines of the twelve primary meridians, i.e., meridian marking lines, on the surface of the silicone skin layer 3 using medical-grade environmentally friendly ink. The line width is 1.5-2mm, and the color is dark brown. Circular markers with a diameter of 3mm are set at the key acupoints along the meridians. The markers have a slightly raised surface and are tactilely identifiable. The Chinese acupoint names are printed next to the markers.

[0026] The lesion simulation module integrates four typical ulcer diseases in traditional Chinese medicine surgery: carbuncles, erysipelas, facial boils, and eczema. The lesions are precisely arranged according to the common lesion sites in adults and correspond to the distribution of meridians.

[0027] like Figure 3As shown, a carbuncle simulation unit 4 is placed on the back of the neck of the model, near the Dazhui acupoint, corresponding to the Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang. It is locally thickened with a silicone skin layer 3, increasing the thickness to 6-8 mm, and its color gradient simulates the initial and suppurative stages. Initially, it is a circular bulge with a diameter of 9-10 cm and a red, swollen surface; during the suppurative stage, a soft area with a diameter of 1-2 cm—the pus cavity 42—is simulated in the center of the bulge, and a subcutaneous filling block 41 provides a feeling of elasticity upon pressure.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the erysipelas simulation unit 5 is located on the inner side of the right lower leg of the model, corresponding to the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian. It simulates the patchy erythema characteristics of erysipelas in the lower limb, with an irregular patchy area of ​​8×12cm. The surface of the silicone skin layer 3 is bright red with clear edges and slight local bulging. A slightly warm touch is achieved by embedding a flexible heating pad 51 in the corresponding area of ​​the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2. The flexible heating pad 51 is connected to an external switch via wires, and the temperature is controlled between 37.5-38.5℃.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the facial boil simulation unit 6 is located on the left cheek of the model, next to the nasal ala, corresponding to the Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming. It is a conical ridge with a diameter of 3-4 cm, and a 0.3 cm white pustule 62 is marked on the top. It has a hard texture. It is achieved by embedding a hard subcutaneous core 61 in the corresponding position of the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2, and is surrounded by a light red inflammatory halo with a diameter of 2-3 cm.

[0030] like Figure 6 As shown, the eczema simulation unit 7 is arranged on the flexor side of the forearm of the model, generally on both sides to reflect symmetry, corresponding to the pericardium meridian of the hand, and divided into acute and subacute forms. The acute eczema area is a 4×6cm patch-like area, an acute exudative area, with erythema and papule textures printed on the surface of the silicone skin layer 3, and a built-in micro-liquid reservoir 71 with a capacity of 5-10ml. The reservoir is connected to the outside through micropores on the skin layer, and can be injected with simulated exudate; the subacute eczema area, the subacute scaly area is 3×5cm, the skin surface is dark red, printed with scaly texture, and the texture is relatively rough.

[0031] Wear-resistant and reinforced modules include: such as Figure 7 As shown, a glass fiber cloth reinforcement layer 9 with a thickness of 1-2 mm is added between the supporting skeleton layer 1 and the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2; and a medical-grade transparent protective film 10 with a thickness of 0.1 mm is sprayed on the lesion simulation area and meridian marking area on the surface of the silicone skin layer 3.

[0032] Example 2: The preparation method of the ulcer diagnosis and training model of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Support Frame Fabrication: A 3D model is created based on adult skeletal anatomy data. ABS engineering plastic granules are then injection molded using an injection molding machine. The injection temperature is controlled at 220-240℃, and the cooling time is 30-40 minutes. Damping pivots 8 are installed at the joints.

[0033] S2. Fabrication of Simulated Subcutaneous Tissue Layer 2: Medical sponge and silicone are mixed in a 1:2 ratio, 5% foaming agent is added, and the mixture is injected into a pre-set mold and foamed at 80-90℃. Depending on the location of the lesion, grooves are cut in the corresponding area, and flexible filling blocks, flexible heating pads 51, or micro-liquid reservoirs 71 are embedded.

[0034] S3, Silicone Skin Layer 3 Fabrication: Select medical-grade addition-cure silicone, add curing agent at a ratio of 10:1 and skin-colored pigment, stir evenly, and then degas under vacuum at a vacuum degree of -0.08 to -0.1 MPa for 15 minutes. Inject the degassed silicone into a mold with pre-designed human body zones and lesion textures, and cure at 60-70℃ for 2-3 hours.

[0035] S4. Meridian Marking: After the silicone skin layer 3 has fully cured, the twelve regular meridians and acupoint markings are printed using screen printing. Medical-grade environmentally friendly and abrasion-resistant ink is used. After printing, the area is dried at 50°C for 30 minutes. Subsequently, a transparent protective film 10 is sprayed onto the marked area.

[0036] S5. Lesion Simulation and Shaping: Personalized treatment is carried out according to different lesion characteristics. For example, the swelling of carbuncles and boils is achieved by locally thickening the silicone skin layer 3 and the subcutaneous filling block 41; a flexible heating pad 51 is embedded in the corresponding area of ​​erysipelas; and the micro-liquid storage cavity 71 of wet sores is aligned with the micropores of the skin layer.

[0037] S6. Layer Assembly: Secure the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2 to the supporting skeleton layer 1 using clips. Cover the surface of the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2 with the silicone skin layer 3, and seal the edges with medical adhesive. Add a fiberglass cloth reinforcement layer 9 to the high-frequency operation area.

[0038] S7. Functional Adjustment: Adjust the joint movement, lesion texture, meridian marking clarity, heating function, and exudation function one by one.

[0039] S8. Finished Product Inspection and Packaging: After passing inspection, the finished product is individually packaged with a detachable base and simulated leakage replenishment solution.

[0040] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diagnostic and training model for ulceration, characterized in that: The device includes a supporting skeleton layer (1), a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2), a silicone skin layer (3), a meridian marking module, and a lesion simulation module. The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2) is wrapped around the supporting skeleton layer (1), and the silicone skin layer (3) is covered over the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2). The silicone skin layer (3) has a Shore hardness of 35-40 degrees and is used to simulate the texture of adult skin. The meridian marking module is set on the surface of the silicone skin layer (3) and is used to present the surface direction of the twelve regular meridians and the location of acupoints. The lesion simulation module is integrated into the silicone skin layer (3) and / or the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2) and is used to simulate the lesion morphology and pathological characteristics of at least one typical ulcer disease in traditional Chinese medicine surgery. The lesion simulation module includes at least one of the following: A gangrene simulation unit (4) is placed on the back of the neck of the model, and the swelling and abscess (42) are simulated by the local thickening of the silicone skin layer (3) and the subcutaneous filling block (41). The erysipelas simulation unit (5) is set on the lower limb of the model and includes a flexible heating pad (51) embedded in the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2) to simulate the characteristics of redness, swelling, heat and pain. A facial furuncle simulation unit (6) is set on the cheek of the model. The local bulging of the silicone skin layer (3) and the subcutaneous hard core (61) simulate induration and pus head (62). The eczema simulation unit (7) is set on the flexor side of the upper limb forearm of the model and includes a micro-liquid reservoir (71) embedded in the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2). The micro-liquid reservoir (71) is connected to the outside through micropores on the silicone skin layer (3) to simulate exudation.

2. The surgical diagnosis and training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting skeleton layer (1) is integrally injection molded from ABS engineering plastic, and the supporting skeleton layer (1) is provided with a damping pivot (8) at the joint to realize joint movement within the range of 0-90 degrees.

3. The surgical diagnosis and training model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2) is made of a medical sponge and silicone mixed foam material with a density of 0.3-0.5 g / cm³, and is used to simulate the softness and pressure feedback of human subcutaneous tissue.

4. The surgical diagnosis and training model according to claim 3, characterized in that, The meridian marking module includes: meridian lines printed on the surface of the silicone skin layer (3), the meridian lines using medical-grade environmentally friendly ink, with a line width of 1.5-2mm; And circular markers are set at acupoints along the meridian, with the surface of the markers being slightly raised.

5. The surgical diagnosis and training model according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the erysipelas simulation unit (5), the temperature control range of the flexible heating element (51) is 37.5-38.5℃.

6. The surgical diagnosis and training model according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the eczema simulation unit (7), the capacity of the micro reservoir (71) is 5-10 ml, and the silicone skin layer (3) is printed with erythema, papule texture or treated with a sanding process on the surface of the area corresponding to the micro reservoir (71).

7. The surgical diagnosis and training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a wear-resistant reinforcement module, which is a glass fiber cloth reinforcement layer (9) disposed between the support skeleton layer (1) and the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2), and a transparent protective film (10) sprayed on the surface of the silicone skin layer (3).

8. A method for preparing a surgical diagnosis and training model according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Support frame fabrication: ABS engineering plastic is used for injection molding, and damping pivots are installed at the joints (8). S2, Simulation of subcutaneous tissue layer (2): Medical sponge and silicone are mixed in a ratio of 1:2 and foamed into shape. Flexible filling blocks, flexible heating pads (51) or micro-liquid storage cavities (71) are embedded in the corresponding areas according to the lesion simulation requirements. S3, Silicone Skin Layer (3) Fabrication: Medical-grade addition-cure silicone is injected into a mold with pre-defined human body partitions and lesion textures, and then cured and molded; S4. Meridian marking production: Meridian lines and acupoint markings are printed on the surface of the molded silicone skin layer (3) using screen printing technology; S5. Lesion simulation molding: According to the lesion type, the silicone skin layer (3) is locally thickened, surface textured, and / or the micro reservoir (71) is aligned with the micropores of the skin layer. S6. Assembly of each layer: Fix the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2) to the supporting skeleton layer (1), and then cover the outside of the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer (2) with the silicone skin layer (3) and fix it.

9. The method for preparing a surgical diagnosis and training model according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, before injecting the medical-grade addition-cure silicone into the mold, a curing agent and colorant are added and vacuum degassing is performed. The vacuum degree is -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, and the degassing time is 15 minutes. The curing temperature is 60-70℃, and the curing time is 2-3 hours.

10. The method for preparing a surgical diagnosis and training model according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the meridian marking in S4 is completed, a transparent protective film (10) is sprayed onto the marked area.

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