Photovoltaic module support and photovoltaic module installation method
By integrating cleaning and dust-blowing components and utilizing ambient wind energy and thermal expansion blocks, the photovoltaic module support can be automatically cleaned and cooled, solving the problems of dust accumulation and high-temperature damage on the photovoltaic panel surface, and improving power generation efficiency and equipment lifespan.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGBANG YINGJIA CONSTR CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing photovoltaic module brackets cannot effectively clean dust and impurities from the surface of photovoltaic panels, resulting in reduced power generation efficiency. Furthermore, traditional cleaning methods are labor-intensive, costly, and prone to hot spot effects and high-temperature damage if cleaning is not timely.
A photovoltaic module support structure was designed, integrating a cleaning component, a dust blowing component, a heat dissipation component, and a support component. It automatically cleans dust using ambient wind energy and thermal expansion blocks, and achieves self-cleaning and heat dissipation through mechanical linkage and passive drive. Combined with airflow blowing and fin deployment, it ensures that the photovoltaic panel surface is free of dust accumulation and achieves efficient heat dissipation.
It achieves automatic cleaning and efficient heat dissipation of photovoltaic panel surfaces, avoiding the labor intensity and high-temperature damage risk of manual cleaning, improving power generation efficiency and equipment lifespan, and reducing operation and maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN122293019A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic module installation technology, and more specifically, to photovoltaic module brackets. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of the global energy transition, solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, is experiencing continuous expansion in its development and utilization, with the number of photovoltaic power plants and their installed capacity increasing year by year. As the core power generation unit of a photovoltaic power plant, the installation stability, operating efficiency, and maintenance costs of photovoltaic modules directly affect the overall profitability of the plant. The photovoltaic module support structure, as a key component supporting the photovoltaic panels, not only needs to meet the fixing requirements of the panels but also needs to adapt to complex outdoor environments (such as high temperatures, strong winds, and dust) to ensure the long-term stable operation of the photovoltaic modules.
[0003] However, outdoor photovoltaic (PV) modules are prone to accumulating dust, sand, and other impurities on their surfaces. If cleaning is not timely, it can obstruct the PV panels, affecting their ability to receive sunlight and reducing the power generation efficiency of the PV modules. Existing PV module support structures are simple and mostly only provide support and fixation for the PV panels, failing to clean their surfaces. As a result, PV modules are currently cleaned manually or electrically. Manual cleaning is labor-intensive and costly, and timely cleaning is difficult to guarantee for PV power stations in high-altitude or remote areas. Electric cleaning devices require additional power supplies, motors, and control modules, increasing system complexity and manufacturing costs, and also posing problems such as high energy consumption and high failure risk.
[0004] In view of this, we propose a photovoltaic module bracket and a photovoltaic module installation method. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Technical problem to be solved: The purpose of this invention is to provide an installation method for photovoltaic module brackets, which solves the technical problem mentioned in the background section above.
[0006] Technical solution: The technical solution of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module bracket, including an installation component, which includes a bracket body and a photovoltaic module. The bracket body is provided with a fixing component for fixing the photovoltaic panel, a locking component for locking the fixing component, and a fin assembly for heat dissipation of the photovoltaic panel. A heat dissipation component includes a cleaning assembly disposed on a support body for cleaning impurities on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, a dust blowing assembly disposed inside the support body for blowing away impurities on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, a support assembly disposed inside the support body for supporting the folded fins, and a heat dissipation assembly disposed inside the support body for dissipating heat from the folded fins.
[0007] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the main body of the bracket includes a photovoltaic panel bracket, a base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel bracket, an installation groove is provided on the top of the photovoltaic panel bracket, a cooling groove is provided inside the installation groove, and a plurality of heat dissipation grooves are evenly opened on the bottom of the photovoltaic panel bracket, the heat dissipation grooves extending through the bottom of the photovoltaic panel bracket into the interior of the cooling groove.
[0008] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the fixing component includes a first sliding groove opened inside the mounting groove. The first sliding groove is provided with a plurality of dampers and a first elastic element. Two fixing plates are slidably connected inside the first sliding groove. A lever plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate. A support plate is provided inside the first sliding groove. A second elastic element is provided between the support plate and the fixing plate. The bottom of the photovoltaic panel bracket is provided with a second sliding groove. The bottom of the fixing plate is provided with a slot. The damper is located inside the first elastic element. The end of the damper near the fixed plate abuts against the fixed plate. The side of the fixed plate near the damper is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first slide groove through the first elastic element. The support plate is located between the two fixed plates. The end of the fixed plate away from the damper is elastically connected to the support plate through the second elastic element. The lever is located on the side of the slot near the damper. The lever extends through the inner wall of the first slide groove to the inside of the second slide groove. The lever is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second slide groove. The fixed plate has an "L" shape.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, dampers can be installed to buffer the fixed structure and avoid impact on the photovoltaic panels.
[0010] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the locking component includes a trigger plate disposed above the support plate, a card plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the trigger plate, a third sliding groove disposed below the support plate, and a third elastic element disposed inside the third sliding groove. The card plate is T-shaped, with the top of the card plate penetrating the support plate. Both ends of the card plate are engaged with the slots at the bottom of the two fixed plates, and the card plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the third sliding groove. The bottom of the card plate is elastically connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove through a third elastic element.
[0011] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention document, the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel disposed above a photovoltaic panel support, a fixing groove is provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel, a protrusion is fixedly connected inside the fixing groove, an anti-collision pad is provided inside the fixing groove, and a heat-conducting pad is provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel. The dimensions of the fixing groove are adapted to the dimensions of the fixing plate, the dimensions of the photovoltaic panel are adapted to the dimensions of the mounting groove, and the dimensions of the protrusion are adapted to the dimensions of the trigger plate.
[0012] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the fin assembly includes a cavity opened inside the photovoltaic panel support, both sides of the inner wall of the cavity are provided with thermal expansion blocks, and piston plates are provided on the side of the two thermal expansion blocks that are close to each other. An air outlet is opened inside the photovoltaic panel support, a support cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cooling tank, a piston rod is slidably connected inside the support cylinder, and folded fins are provided inside the cooling tank. The piston plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity. The interior of the cavity is connected to the interior of the support cylinder through the air outlet. The support cylinder passes through the folded fins. The top of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the top of the folded fins. The end of the folded fins away from the piston rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cooling tank. The folded fins are made of an elastic, foldable, stretchable, and thermally conductive material.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the thermal expansion block can be set to adjust the fins according to the temperature.
[0014] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the cleaning component includes a fan blade rotatably connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel bracket, a missing gear fixedly connected to the fan blade, a sliding plate provided below the missing gear, a plurality of tooth grooves provided on the sliding plate, a toothed group fixedly connected to the side of the sliding plate away from the fan blade, a driven gear provided on the side of the toothed group, a brush fixedly connected to the top of the driven gear, and a fourth sliding groove provided inside the photovoltaic panel bracket; The gear set includes several gear slots, the missing gear meshes with the gear slots in the gear set, the tooth set includes several teeth, the driven gear meshes with the teeth in the tooth set, the slide plate is L-shaped, the size of the fourth slide groove is adapted to the size of the slide plate, the slide plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fourth slide groove, the driven gear and the missing gear are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fourth slide groove, and the brush is located above the photovoltaic panel support.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the cleaning component can be installed to clean the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.
[0016] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention document, the soot blowing assembly includes a compression pump body disposed in a fourth slide groove, a fourth elastic element disposed inside the compression pump body, a connecting groove disposed on the side of the compression pump body away from the slide plate, an air inlet disposed on the side of the photovoltaic panel bracket, an air inlet one-way valve disposed inside the air inlet, a soot blowing groove disposed above the connecting groove, a soot blowing groove disposed inside the soot blowing groove, and a plurality of soot blowing holes disposed on the side of the top of the photovoltaic panel bracket. The soot blowing holes are located above the mounting groove, and several soot blowing holes are connected to the interior of the soot blowing groove. The air inlet is connected to the interior of the compressor body through a connecting groove. The soot blowing groove is connected to the interior of the compressor body through a connecting groove. The interior of the compressor body is elastically connected to the inner wall of the fourth slide groove through a fourth elastic element. The side of the compressor body near the slide plate is fixedly connected to the slide plate.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the purging component can assist the cleaning component in cleaning the photovoltaic panels.
[0018] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the support component includes a first diversion groove opened inside the photovoltaic panel bracket, a barrier groove opened inside the first diversion groove, a barrier plate rotatably connected inside the barrier groove, a fifth elastic element and a shape memory alloy wire arranged inside the barrier groove, and a plurality of airbags arranged inside the cooling groove. The first diversion channel is located below the connecting channel. The barrier plate is elastically connected to the inner wall of the barrier channel through the fifth elastic element. The shape memory alloy wire is located inside the fifth elastic element. The two ends of the shape memory alloy wire are fixedly connected to the barrier plate and the inner wall of the barrier channel, respectively. A plurality of airbags and a plurality of heat dissipation slots are alternately distributed. The interior of the airbag is connected to the interior of the compression pump body through the first diversion channel and the connecting channel. The heat dissipation component includes a second diversion channel opened inside the photovoltaic panel bracket, and a pressure check valve is installed inside the second diversion channel. The side wall of the cooling channel is evenly provided with a number of nozzles. The second flow divider is located above the first flow divider, and several nozzles are connected to the second flow divider. The nozzles are connected to the interior of the first flow divider through the second flow divider.
[0019] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module installation method for a photovoltaic module support, comprising the following steps: S1. First, fix the base on the ground. At this time, the card plate and the card slot are engaged. The first elastic element is in a stretched state, the second elastic element is in a compressed state, and the folding fins are in a folded state. Then, align the photovoltaic panel with the mounting slot. At this time, the fixing slot and the fixing plate are aligned, and the protrusion and the trigger plate are aligned. When the photovoltaic panel is placed into the mounting slot, the fixing plate will move into the fixing slot. At the same time, the protrusion will abut against the trigger plate through the anti-collision pad, causing the trigger plate to move down and drive the card plate fixed to it to move down, releasing the engagement with the card slot and compressing the third elastic element. At this time, the fixing plate will move away from the support plate under the action of the elastic force of the second elastic element and the first elastic element, so that the fixing plate is engaged with the fixing slot, completing the installation of the photovoltaic panel. During this process, the damper on the side of the fixing plate near the first elastic element will buffer the movement of the fixing plate. S2. When the ambient wind blows the fan blades, the rotation of the fan blades will drive the missing gear to rotate. The rotation of the missing gear will drive the slide plate to slide in the fourth slide groove through the toothed groove group that meshes with it. The sliding of the slide plate will drive the driven gear that meshes with it to rotate through the toothed groove group. The rotation of the driven gear will drive the brush that is fixedly connected to it to rotate, sweeping the dust off the surface of the photovoltaic panel. During the sliding of the slide plate, the compression pump body and the fourth elastic element will be compressed, so that the air in the compression pump body will pass through the connecting groove and break through the dust removal one-way valve to enter the dust blowing groove. Finally, it will be sprayed out from several dust blowing holes to sweep the surface of the photovoltaic panel in the installation groove. S3. When the teeth on the missing gear rotate to the position where they disengage from the tooth groove group, the slide plate will reset under the action of the elastic force of the fourth elastic element, thereby driving the brush to reset. This cycle repeats, allowing the surface of the photovoltaic panel to be cleaned by natural wind. When the compressor pump body is stretched and reset with the slide plate, a negative pressure will be generated in the compressor pump body, causing external air to break through the intake one-way valve and enter the compressor pump body through the connecting groove. S4. When the external ambient temperature is high, the thermal expansion block in the cavity will expand due to heat, pushing the piston plate to compress the space in the cavity. This allows the gas in the cavity to enter the support cylinder through the air outlet, pushing the piston rod upward and causing the folded fins to unfold in the cooling tank. At the same time, the shape memory alloy wire in the barrier tank will shrink due to heat, causing the barrier plate fixedly connected to it to overcome the elastic force of the fifth elastic element and rotate upward, opening the channel of the first diversion groove. At this time, the air in the compressor body will preferentially enter the airbag through the first diversion groove due to thermal expansion, causing it to expand and squeeze the unfolded folded fins, so that the side away from the airbag abuts against the heat-conducting pad on the back of the photovoltaic panel. S5. Subsequently, the thermally expanding air will gradually break through the dust removal check valve and the pressure check valve, and be ejected from the dust blowing hole and nozzle through the dust blowing channel and the second diversion channel respectively. Since the diameter of the second diversion channel is larger than that of the first diversion channel, and the diameter of the first diversion channel is larger than that of the dust blowing channel, most of the air will be blown towards the folded fins through the nozzle, causing the folded fins to vibrate slightly, which can shake off the dust accumulated on the back of the photovoltaic panel and assist in heat dissipation. The airflow ejected from the dust blowing hole continues to sweep the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel to avoid the hot spot effect from aggravating. At the same time, the natural rise of hot air is used to heat the photovoltaic module through the chimney effect. S6. When the device is in a high-temperature and windy environment, the reciprocating motion of the slide plate will increase the airflow from the blowing hole and nozzle.
[0020] Beneficial effects: One or more technical solutions provided in this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. Through the mechanical linkage design of the fan blades, gears, toothed grooves, sliding plate, and brushes on the photovoltaic panel bracket, ambient wind energy can be used to reciprocate to sweep the surface of the photovoltaic panels installed on them. At the same time, in conjunction with the air blowing structure of the compressor pump, one-way valve, and blowing hole inside the photovoltaic panel bracket, the air is automatically compressed and ejected during the reciprocating sliding of the sliding plate to perform blowing-type dust removal on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The dual dust removal mechanism ensures that there is no dust residue on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, solving the problem of traditional photovoltaic panels installed on brackets requiring regular manual dust removal and untimely dust removal.
[0021] 2. At the same time, the continuous airflow during the dust removal process can effectively avoid the hot spot effect caused by local dust accumulation on the photovoltaic panel. This prevents the dust-covered area from transforming into a "power generation unit" and avoiding the absorption of electrical energy from other areas and its conversion into local high temperatures. This ensures the overall power generation efficiency and operational safety of the photovoltaic module and avoids the risk of module overheating and damage caused by the hot spot effect.
[0022] 3. By using the thermosensitive adaptive heat dissipation mechanism on the photovoltaic panel bracket, the dual passive driving method of thermal expansion block in the cavity expanding when heated and shape memory alloy wire contracting when heated is used to automatically control the folded fins to unfold in the cooling tank. The unfolded fins are then pressed against the heat-conducting pad on the back of the photovoltaic panel by the expansion of the airbag, increasing the heat dissipation area of the photovoltaic panel and solving the problems of fixed heat dissipation area and insufficient heat dissipation efficiency in high-temperature environments of traditional photovoltaic brackets.
[0023] 4. During the aforementioned heat dissipation process, the chimney effect of thermally expanded air is simultaneously utilized to form a self-circulating air duct. Combined with the slight shaking generated by the thermally expanded air blowing from the nozzles to the folded fins after breaking through the one-way valve, this not only shakes off the dust accumulated on the back of the photovoltaic panel to assist in heat dissipation but also accelerates the airflow within the cooling tank, further enhancing the heat dissipation effect. Moreover, in high-temperature and windy environments, the reciprocating motion of the sliding plate can simultaneously increase the airflow of the blowing holes and nozzles, forming a synergistic heat dissipation effect with the natural wind. This allows the heat dissipation efficiency to adaptively improve with changes in ambient temperature and wind speed, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel can maintain stable heat dissipation performance even in high-temperature and high-temperature windy environments, avoiding the degradation of photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency and performance caused by high temperatures.
[0024] 5. Through the snap-fit design of the bracket plate and slot, and the fixing plate and slot, combined with the elastic linkage of the first, second and third elastic elements, the photovoltaic panel can be automatically positioned and fixed by simply aligning the photovoltaic panel with the mounting slot. There is no need to use bolts, screws and other fasteners for tedious tightening work. This greatly simplifies the installation process of photovoltaic modules, significantly reduces the operation difficulty and labor cost for installers, and improves the construction efficiency of photovoltaic power stations.
[0025] 6. During the above installation process, the damper will simultaneously buffer the movement of the fixing plate, and the anti-collision pad in the fixing groove can prevent the fixing components from directly colliding with the photovoltaic panel. This effectively avoids the impact damage to the photovoltaic panel caused by the elastic force of the elastic element, and also prevents the collision and wear between the fixing plate and the inner wall of the fixing groove when the device is subjected to external impacts. This ensures the integrity of the photovoltaic panel and the support structure and extends the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic module support according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the main body of the photovoltaic module support structure disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the main body of the photovoltaic module support disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic module support structure disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 5 A photovoltaic module support disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.
[0031] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the middle support component of a photovoltaic module bracket disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a heat dissipation component in a photovoltaic module support according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 8 A photovoltaic module support disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.
[0034] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a cleaning component in a photovoltaic module support, as disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 10 A photovoltaic module support disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point C.
[0036] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a soot blowing component in a photovoltaic module support according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0037] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a cleaning component in a photovoltaic module support, as disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0038] Explanation of the numbering in the diagram: 10. Main body of the bracket; 101. Photovoltaic panel bracket; 102. Base; 103. Mounting groove; 104. Cooling groove; 105. Heat dissipation groove; 11. Fixing component; 111. First slide groove; 112. Damper; 113. First elastic element; 114. Fixing plate; 115. Pulley; 116. Support plate; 117. Second elastic element; 118. Second slide groove; 119. Slot; 12. Locking component ; 121. Trigger plate; 122. Card plate; 123. Third slide groove; 124. Third elastic element; 13. Photovoltaic module; 131. Photovoltaic panel; 132. Fixing groove; 133. Anti-collision pad; 134. Protrusion; 135. Thermal pad; 14. Fin assembly; 141. Cavity; 142. Thermosensitive expansion block; 143. Piston plate; 144. Air outlet; 145. Support cylinder; 146. Piston rod; 147. Folding fin; 20. Cleaning assembly; 201. Fan blade; 202. Missing gear; 203. Slide plate; 204. Gear set; 205. Tooth set; 206. Driven gear; 207. Discharge brush; 208. Fourth slide groove; 21. Soot blowing assembly; 211. Compressor pump body; 212. Fourth elastic element; 213. Connecting groove; 214. Air inlet; 215. Air inlet check valve; 216. Soot blowing groove; 217. Soot blowing hole; 218. Soot cleaning check valve; 22. Support assembly; 221. First diversion groove; 222. Baffle plate; 223. Baffle groove; 224. Fifth elastic element; 225. Shape memory alloy wire; 226. Airbag; 23. Heat dissipation assembly; 231. Second diversion groove; 232. Pressure check valve; 233. Nozzle. Detailed Implementation
[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or a link; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0042] Reference Figures 1 to 12The present invention provides a photovoltaic module bracket, including an installation component, which includes a bracket body 10 and a photovoltaic module 13. The bracket body 10 is provided with a fixing component 11 for fixing the photovoltaic module 131, a locking component 12 for locking the fixing component 11, and a fin assembly 14 for heat dissipation of the photovoltaic module 131. The heat dissipation component includes a cleaning assembly 20 disposed on the support body 10 for cleaning impurities on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 131, a dust blowing assembly 21 disposed inside the support body 10 for blowing away impurities on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 131, a support assembly 22 disposed inside the support body 10 for supporting the folded fins 147, and a heat dissipation assembly 23 disposed inside the support body 10 for dissipating heat from the folded fins 147.
[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This invention provides a photovoltaic module support bracket. The bracket body 10 includes a photovoltaic panel support bracket 101. A base 102 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel support bracket 101. An installation groove 103 is provided on the top of the photovoltaic panel support bracket 101. A cooling groove 104 is provided inside the installation groove 103. A plurality of heat dissipation grooves 105 are evenly provided on the bottom of the photovoltaic panel support bracket 101. The heat dissipation grooves 105 extend through the bottom of the photovoltaic panel support bracket 101 into the interior of the cooling groove 104.
[0044] Reference Figures 3 to 7 This invention provides a photovoltaic module bracket. The fixing component 11 includes a first sliding groove 111 opened inside the mounting groove 103. The first sliding groove 111 is provided with a plurality of dampers 112 and a first elastic element 113. Two fixing plates 114 are slidably connected inside the first sliding groove 111. A lever plate 115 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 114. A support plate 116 is provided inside the first sliding groove 111. A second elastic element 117 is provided between the support plate 116 and the fixing plate 114. A second sliding groove 118 is opened at the bottom of the photovoltaic module bracket 101. A slot 119 is opened at the bottom of the fixing plate 114. The damper 112 is located inside the first elastic member 113. The end of the damper 112 near the fixed plate 114 abuts against the fixed plate 114. The side of the fixed plate 114 near the damper 112 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first slide groove 111 through the first elastic member 113. The support plate 116 is located between the two fixed plates 114. The end of the fixed plate 114 away from the damper 112 is elastically connected to the support plate 116 through the second elastic member 117. The lever 115 is located on the side of the slot 119 near the damper 112. The lever 115 extends through the inner wall of the first slide groove 111 to the inside of the second slide groove 118. The lever 115 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second slide groove 118. The fixed plate 114 is L-shaped.
[0045] Reference Figure 3 middle Figure 5 The present invention provides a photovoltaic module bracket, the locking component 12 includes a trigger plate 121 disposed above a support plate 116, a card plate 122 fixedly connected to the bottom of the trigger plate 121, a third sliding groove 123 disposed below the support plate 116, and a third elastic member 124 disposed inside the third sliding groove 123. The card plate 122 is T-shaped. The top of the card plate 122 passes through the support plate 116. The two ends of the card plate 122 are respectively engaged with the card slots 119 at the bottom of the two fixed plates 114. The card plate 122 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the third sliding groove 123. The bottom of the card plate 122 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove 213 through the third elastic member 124. The photovoltaic module 13 includes a photovoltaic panel 131 disposed above the photovoltaic panel support 101. A fixing groove 132 is provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 131. A protrusion 134 is fixedly connected inside the fixing groove 132. An anti-collision pad 133 is provided inside the fixing groove 132. A heat-conducting pad 135 is provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 131. The dimensions of the fixing groove 132 are adapted to the dimensions of the fixing plate 114, the dimensions of the photovoltaic panel 131 are adapted to the dimensions of the mounting groove 103, and the dimensions of the protrusion 134 are adapted to the dimensions of the trigger plate 121.
[0046] Reference Figures 6 to 12 The present invention provides a photovoltaic module support. The fin assembly 14 includes a cavity 141 opened inside the photovoltaic panel support 101. Thermosensitive expansion blocks 142 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the cavity 141. Piston plates 143 are provided on the side of the two thermosensitive expansion blocks 142 that are close to each other. An air outlet 144 is opened inside the photovoltaic panel support 101. A support cylinder 145 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cooling tank 104. A piston rod 146 is slidably connected inside the support cylinder 145. Folded fins 147 are provided inside the cooling tank 104. The piston plate 143 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity 141. The interior of the cavity 141 is connected to the interior of the support cylinder 145 through the air outlet 144. The support cylinder 145 passes through the folded fin 147. The top of the piston rod 146 is fixedly connected to the top of the folded fin 147. The end of the folded fin 147 away from the piston rod 146 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cooling tank 104. The folded fin 147 is made of an elastic, foldable, stretchable, and heat-conducting material. The folded fin 147 is slidably sleeved on the support cylinder 145. The thermosensitive adaptive heat dissipation mechanism on the photovoltaic panel bracket 101 utilizes a dual passive drive method of thermal expansion block 142 in cavity 141 expanding when heated and shape memory alloy wire 225 contracting when heated. This automatically controls the folding fins 147 to unfold in the cooling tank 104. The unfolded fins are then pressed together with the thermal pad 135 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 131 by the expansion of airbag 226, increasing the heat dissipation area of the photovoltaic panel 131. This solves the problems of fixed heat dissipation area and insufficient heat dissipation efficiency in high-temperature environments of traditional photovoltaic brackets.
[0047] Reference Figures 6 to 11 This invention provides a photovoltaic module support. The cleaning component 20 includes a fan blade 201 rotatably connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel support 101. A missing gear 202 is fixedly connected to the fan blade 201. A sliding plate 203 is provided below the missing gear 202. A plurality of tooth grooves 204 are provided on the sliding plate 203. A toothed tooth group 205 is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding plate 203 away from the fan blade 201. A driven gear 206 is provided on the side of the toothed tooth group 205. A brush 207 is fixedly connected to the top of the driven gear 206. A fourth sliding groove 208 is provided inside the photovoltaic panel support 101. The toothed gear group 204 includes several toothed grooves, the missing gear 202 meshes with the toothed grooves in the toothed gear group 204, the toothed gear group 205 includes several teeth, the driven gear 206 meshes with the teeth in the toothed gear group 205, the slide plate 203 is L-shaped, the size of the fourth slide groove 208 is adapted to the size of the slide plate 203, the slide plate 203 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fourth slide groove 208, the driven gear 206 and the missing gear 202 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fourth slide groove 208, and the brush 207 is located above the photovoltaic panel support 101; The soot blowing assembly 21 includes a compression pump body 211 disposed in the fourth slide groove 208. The compression pump body 211 has a fourth elastic element 212 disposed inside. The side of the compression pump body 211 away from the slide plate 203 has a connecting groove 213. The side of the photovoltaic panel bracket 101 has an air inlet 214 disposed inside. The air inlet 214 has an air inlet one-way valve 215 disposed inside. The top of the connecting groove 213 has a soot blowing groove 216 disposed inside. The soot blowing groove 216 has a cleaning one-way valve 218 disposed inside. The top side of the photovoltaic panel bracket 101 has a plurality of soot blowing holes 217. The soot blowing hole 217 is located above the mounting groove 103. Several soot blowing holes 217 are connected to the interior of the soot blowing groove 216. The air inlet 214 is connected to the interior of the compressor body 211 through the connecting groove 213. The soot blowing groove 216 is connected to the interior of the compressor body 211 through the connecting groove 213. The interior of the compressor body 211 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the fourth slide groove 208 through the fourth elastic element 212. The side of the compressor body 211 near the slide plate 203 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 203. The direction of the soot blowing hole 217 is inclined towards the mounting groove 103. Through the mechanical linkage design of the fan blades 201, missing gears 202, toothed groove group 204, sliding plate 203 and brush 207 on the photovoltaic panel bracket 101, the reciprocating dust removal on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 131 can be achieved by utilizing ambient wind energy; at the same time, in conjunction with the air blowing structure of the compressor pump body 211, one-way valve and dust blowing hole 217, the air compression and ejection are automatically completed during the reciprocating sliding of the sliding plate 203, and the surface of the photovoltaic panel 131 is cleaned by blowing. The dual dust removal mechanism ensures that there is no dust residue on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 131, and solves the problem that traditional photovoltaic panels 131 need to be cleaned manually at regular intervals and the dust removal is not timely.
[0048] Reference Figures 7 to 11 The present invention provides a photovoltaic module support frame. The support frame 22 includes a first diversion groove 221 opened inside the photovoltaic panel support frame 101. A barrier groove 223 is opened inside the first diversion groove 221. A barrier plate 222 is rotatably connected inside the barrier groove 223. A fifth elastic element 224 and a shape memory alloy wire 225 are arranged inside the barrier groove 223. A plurality of airbags 226 are arranged inside the cooling groove 104. The first diversion channel 221 is located below the connecting channel 213. The baffle plate 222 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the baffle channel 223 through the fifth elastic element 224. The shape memory alloy wire 225 is located inside the fifth elastic element 224. The two ends of the shape memory alloy wire 225 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the baffle plate 222 and the baffle channel 223, respectively. A number of airbags 226 and a number of heat dissipation slots 105 are alternately distributed. The interior of the airbags 226 is connected to the interior of the compression pump body 211 through the first diversion channel 221 and the connecting channel 213. The heat dissipation component 23 includes a second diversion channel 231 opened inside the photovoltaic panel bracket 101. A pressure check valve 232 is installed inside the second diversion channel 231. Several nozzles 233 are evenly opened on the side wall of the cooling tank 104. The second diversion channel 231 is located above the first diversion channel 221, and several nozzles 233 are connected to the second diversion channel 231. The nozzles 233 are connected to the interior of the first diversion channel 221 through the second diversion channel 231. The diameter of the first diversion channel 221 is larger than the diameter of the soot blowing hole 217, and the diameter of the second diversion channel 231 is larger than the diameter of the first diversion channel 221.
[0049] This invention provides a photovoltaic module installation method using a photovoltaic module support structure, comprising the following steps: S1. First, fix the base 102 on the ground. At this time, the locking plate 122 is engaged with the locking slot 119, the first elastic element 113 is in a stretched state, the second elastic element 117 is in a compressed state, and the folding fins 147 are in a folded state, which saves space and does not affect installation or wind resistance. Then, align the photovoltaic panel 131 with the mounting groove 103. At this time, the fixing groove 132 is aligned with the fixing plate 114, and the protrusion 134 is aligned with the trigger plate 121. During the process of placing the photovoltaic panel 131 into the mounting groove 103, the fixing plate 114 will move into the fixing groove 132. At the same time, the protrusion 134 will abut against the trigger plate 121 through the anti-collision pad 133, causing the trigger plate 121 to move downward, driving the locking plate 122, which is fixedly connected to it, to move downward, releasing the engagement with the locking slot 119, and compressing the third elastic element 127. 4. At this time, the fixing plate 114 will move away from the support plate 116 under the elastic force of the second elastic member 117 and the first elastic member 113, so that the fixing plate 114 is engaged with the fixing groove 132, and the installation of the photovoltaic panel 131 is completed. During this process, the damper 112 on the side of the fixing plate 114 near the first elastic member 113 will buffer the movement of the fixing plate 114, so as to avoid the fixing plate 114 impacting the photovoltaic panel 131 under the action of elastic force. The anti-collision pad 133 in the fixing groove 132 can further prevent the fixing component 11 from impacting the photovoltaic panel 131 during the fixing process, so as to avoid damage to the photovoltaic module, and prevent the fixing plate 114 from colliding with the inner wall of the fixing groove 132 when the subsequent device is impacted. S2. When the ambient wind blows the fan blade 201, the rotation of the fan blade 201 will drive the missing gear 202 to rotate. The rotation of the missing gear 202 will drive the slide plate 203 to slide in the fourth slide groove 208 through the toothed gear set 204. The sliding of the slide plate 203 will drive the driven gear 206 to rotate through the toothed gear set 205. The rotation of the driven gear 206 will drive the brush 207 fixedly connected to it to rotate, sweeping dust off the surface of the photovoltaic panel 131. During the sliding of the slide plate 203, the compression pump body 211 will be compressed. The fourth elastic element 212 allows air in the compressed pump body 211 to pass through the connecting groove 213, break through the dust removal check valve 218, and enter the dust blowing groove 216. Finally, it is sprayed out from several dust blowing holes 217 to blow clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel 131 in the mounting groove 103, so as to avoid the situation where dust accumulation affects the power generation effect. At the same time, it avoids the situation where local dust accumulation occurs, and the shaded area will change from "power generation unit" to "load", absorb the electrical energy of other areas and convert it into heat, forming local high temperature, i.e., the "hot spot effect". S3. When the teeth on the missing gear 202 rotate to the position where they disengage from the tooth groove group 204, the slide plate 203 will reset under the action of the elastic force of the fourth elastic element 212, thereby driving the brush 207 to reset. This cycle repeats, and the surface of the photovoltaic panel 131 can be cleaned by natural wind. When the compressor body 211 is stretched and reset with the slide plate 203, a negative pressure will be generated in the compressor body 211, so that the external air breaks through the intake one-way valve 215 and enters the compressor body 211 through the connecting groove 213. S4. When the external ambient temperature is high, the thermal expansion block 142 in the cavity 141 will expand due to heat, pushing the piston plate 143 to compress the space in the cavity 141. This allows the gas in the cavity 141 to enter the support cylinder 145 through the air outlet 144, pushing the piston rod 146 upward and causing the folded fins 147 to unfold in the cooling tank 104. At the same time, the shape memory alloy wire 225 in the barrier groove 223 will shrink due to heat, causing the barrier plate 222, which is fixedly connected to it, to overcome the elastic force of the fifth elastic element 224 and rotate upward, opening the channel of the first diversion groove 221. At this time, the air in the compression pump body 211 will preferentially enter the air bag 226 through the first diversion groove 221 due to thermal expansion, causing it to expand and squeeze the unfolded folded fins 147, so that the side away from the air bag 226 abuts against the heat-conducting pad 135 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 131. The unfolded folded fins 147 greatly increase the heat dissipation area of the photovoltaic panel 131. S5. Subsequently, the thermally expanding air will gradually break through the dust removal check valve 218 and the pressure check valve 232, and be ejected from the dust blowing hole 217 and the nozzle 233 through the dust blowing groove 216 and the second diversion groove 231, respectively. Since the diameter of the second diversion groove 231 is larger than the diameter of the first diversion groove 221, and the diameter of the first diversion groove 221 is larger than the diameter of the dust blowing groove 216, most of the air will be blown towards the folded fins 147 through the nozzle 233, causing the folded fins 147 to vibrate slightly, which can shake off the dust accumulated on the back of the photovoltaic panel 131, assist in heat dissipation, and accelerate the air flow rate in the cooling groove 104, further improving the heat dissipation effect. The airflow ejected from the dust blowing hole 217 continues to sweep the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 131, avoiding the aggravation of the hot spot effect. At the same time, the natural rising chimney effect of hot air is utilized: heat from the back panel of the module → heats the air → automatically flows upward → forms natural convection, and a self-circulating air duct can be forcibly formed even without wind to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic module. S6. When the device is in a high-temperature and windy environment, the reciprocating motion of the slide plate 203 will increase the airflow from the blowing hole 217 and the nozzle 233, which, in conjunction with the natural wind, will further improve the heat dissipation effect of the device.
[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module support structure, characterized in that: include, The mounting components include a bracket body (10) and a photovoltaic module (13). The bracket body (10) has a fixing component (11) for fixing the photovoltaic panel (131) inside, a locking component (12) for locking the fixing component (11) inside, and a fin assembly (14) for dissipating heat from the photovoltaic panel (131) inside. The heat dissipation component includes a cleaning assembly (20) disposed on the support body (10) for cleaning impurities on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (131), a dust blowing assembly (21) disposed inside the support body (10) for blowing away impurities on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (131), a support assembly (22) disposed inside the support body (10) for supporting the folded fins (147), and a heat dissipation assembly (23) disposed inside the support body (10) for dissipating heat from the folded fins (147).
2. The photovoltaic module support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the bracket (10) includes a photovoltaic panel bracket (101), a base (102) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel bracket (101), an installation groove (103) is provided on the top of the photovoltaic panel bracket (101), a cooling groove (104) is provided inside the installation groove (103), and a plurality of heat dissipation grooves (105) are evenly opened on the bottom of the photovoltaic panel bracket (101), and the heat dissipation grooves (105) extend through the bottom of the photovoltaic panel bracket (101) to the interior of the cooling grooves (104).
3. The photovoltaic module support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing component (11) includes a first slide groove (111) opened inside the mounting groove (103). The first slide groove (111) is provided with a plurality of dampers (112) and a first elastic element (113). Two fixing plates (114) are slidably connected inside the first slide groove (111). A lever plate (115) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate (114). A support plate (116) is provided inside the first slide groove (111). A second elastic element (117) is provided between the support plate (116) and the fixing plate (114). A second slide groove (118) is opened at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel bracket (101). A slot (119) is opened at the bottom of the fixing plate (114). The damper (112) is located inside the first elastic element (113). One end of the damper (112) near the fixed plate (114) abuts against the fixed plate (114). The side of the fixed plate (114) near the damper (112) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first groove (111) through the first elastic element (113). The support plate (116) is located between the two fixed plates (114), and the fixed plates (114) are away from the damper. One end of (112) is elastically connected to the support plate (116) through the second elastic element (117). The dial plate (115) is located on the side of the slot (119) near the damper (112). The dial plate (115) extends through the inner wall of the first slide groove (111) to the inside of the second slide groove (118). The dial plate (115) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second slide groove (118). The fixed plate (114) is L-shaped.
4. The photovoltaic module support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking assembly (12) includes a trigger plate (121) disposed above the support plate (116), a card plate (122) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the trigger plate (121), a third slide groove (123) is disposed below the support plate (116), and a third elastic element (124) is disposed inside the third slide groove (123). The card plate (122) is T-shaped. The top of the card plate (122) passes through the support plate (116). The two ends of the card plate (122) are respectively engaged with the card slots (119) at the bottom of the two fixing plates (114). The card plate (122) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the third sliding groove (123). The bottom of the card plate (122) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove (213) through the third elastic element (124).
5. The photovoltaic module support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module (13) includes a photovoltaic panel (131) disposed above a photovoltaic panel bracket (101). A fixing groove (132) is provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (131). A protrusion (134) is fixedly connected inside the fixing groove (132). An anti-collision pad (133) is provided inside the fixing groove (132). A heat-conducting pad (135) is provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (131). The dimensions of the fixing groove (132) are adapted to the dimensions of the fixing plate (114), the dimensions of the photovoltaic panel (131) are adapted to the dimensions of the mounting groove (103), and the dimensions of the protrusion (134) are adapted to the dimensions of the trigger plate (121).
6. The photovoltaic module support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fin assembly (14) includes a cavity (141) opened inside the photovoltaic panel support (101). Thermosensitive expansion blocks (142) are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the cavity (141). Piston plates (143) are provided on the side of the two thermosensitive expansion blocks (142) that are close to each other. An air outlet (144) is opened inside the photovoltaic panel support (101). A support cylinder (145) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cooling tank (104). A piston rod (146) is slidably connected inside the support cylinder (145). Folded fins (147) are provided inside the cooling tank (104). The piston plate (143) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity (141). The interior of the cavity (141) is connected to the interior of the support cylinder (145) through the air outlet (144). The support cylinder (145) passes through the folded fin (147). The top of the piston rod (146) is fixedly connected to the top of the folded fin (147). The end of the folded fin (147) away from the piston rod (146) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cooling groove (104). The folded fin (147) is made of an elastic, foldable, stretchable, and thermally conductive material.
7. The photovoltaic module support according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (20) includes a fan blade (201) rotatably connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel bracket (101). A missing gear (202) is fixedly connected to the fan blade (201). A sliding plate (203) is provided below the missing gear (202). A plurality of tooth grooves (204) are provided on the sliding plate (203). A toothed tooth group (205) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding plate (203) away from the fan blade (201). A driven gear (206) is provided on the side of the toothed tooth group (205). A brush (207) is fixedly connected to the top of the driven gear (206). A fourth sliding groove (208) is provided inside the photovoltaic panel bracket (101). The toothed gear group (204) includes several toothed grooves. The missing gear (202) meshes with the toothed grooves in the toothed gear group (204). The toothed gear group (205) includes several teeth. The driven gear (206) meshes with the teeth in the toothed gear group (205). The slide plate (203) is L-shaped. The size of the fourth slide groove (208) is adapted to the size of the slide plate (203). The slide plate (203) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fourth slide groove (208). The driven gear (206) and the missing gear (202) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fourth slide groove (208). The brush (207) is located above the photovoltaic panel support (101).
8. The photovoltaic module support according to claim 7, characterized in that: The soot blowing assembly (21) includes a compression pump body (211) disposed in a fourth slide groove (208), a fourth elastic element (212) disposed inside the compression pump body (211), a connecting groove (213) disposed on the side of the compression pump body (211) away from the slide plate (203), an air inlet (214) is provided on the side of the photovoltaic panel bracket (101), an air inlet one-way valve (215) is provided inside the air inlet (214), a soot blowing groove (216) is provided above the connecting groove (213), a soot blowing groove (216) is provided inside the soot blowing groove (216), and a number of soot blowing holes (217) are provided on the side of the top of the photovoltaic panel bracket (101). The soot blowing hole (217) is located above the mounting groove (103). Several soot blowing holes (217) are connected to the interior of the soot blowing groove (216). The air inlet (214) is connected to the interior of the compressor pump body (211) through the connecting groove (213). The soot blowing groove (216) is connected to the interior of the compressor pump body (211) through the connecting groove (213). The interior of the compressor pump body (211) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the fourth slide groove (208) through the fourth elastic element (212). The side of the compressor pump body (211) near the slide plate (203) is fixedly connected to the slide plate (203).
9. The photovoltaic module support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support component (22) includes a first diversion groove (221) opened inside the photovoltaic panel bracket (101), a barrier groove (223) opened inside the first diversion groove (221), a barrier plate (222) rotatably connected inside the barrier groove (223), a fifth elastic element (224) and a shape memory alloy wire (225) are provided inside the barrier groove (223), and a plurality of airbags (226) are provided inside the cooling tank (104). The first diversion channel (221) is located below the connecting channel (213). The barrier plate (222) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the barrier channel (223) through the fifth elastic element (224). The memory alloy wire (225) is located inside the fifth elastic element (224). The two ends of the memory alloy wire (225) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the barrier plate (222) and the barrier channel (223) respectively. A plurality of airbags (226) and a plurality of heat dissipation slots (105) are alternately distributed. The interior of the airbag (226) is connected to the interior of the compression pump body (211) through the first diversion channel (221) and the connecting channel (213). The heat dissipation component (23) includes a second diversion channel (231) opened inside the photovoltaic panel support (101), and a pressure check valve (232) is provided inside the second diversion channel (231). A plurality of nozzles (233) are evenly opened on the side wall of the cooling tank (104). The second diversion channel (231) is located above the first diversion channel (221), and several nozzles (233) are connected to the second diversion channel (231). The nozzles (233) are connected to the interior of the first diversion channel (221) through the second diversion channel (231).
10. A photovoltaic module installation method based on the photovoltaic module bracket as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. First, fix the base (102) on the ground. At this time, the card plate (122) is engaged with the card slot (119). The first elastic element (113) is in a stretched state, the second elastic element (117) is in a compressed state, and the folding fins (147) are in a folded state. Then, align the photovoltaic panel (131) with the mounting groove (103). At this time, the fixing groove (132) is aligned with the fixing plate (114), and the protrusion (134) is aligned with the trigger plate (121). During the process of placing the photovoltaic panel (131) into the mounting groove (103), the fixing plate (114) will move into the fixing groove (132), and at the same time, the protrusion (134) will pass through the anti-collision pad (13). 3) It abuts against the trigger plate (121), causing the trigger plate (121) to move downward, driving the card plate (122) fixedly connected to it to move downward, releasing the card slot (119) from the card slot, and compressing the third elastic element (124). At this time, the fixed plate (114) will move away from the support plate (116) under the action of the elastic force of the second elastic element (117) and the first elastic element (113), so that the fixed plate (114) is engaged with the fixed slot (132), completing the installation of the photovoltaic panel (131). During this process, the damper (112) on the side of the fixed plate (114) close to the first elastic element (113) will buffer the movement of the fixed plate (114). S2. When the ambient wind blows the fan blades (201), the rotation of the fan blades (201) will drive the missing gear (202) to rotate. The rotation of the missing gear (202) will drive the slide plate (203) to slide in the fourth slide groove (208) through the toothed gear set (204) meshing with it. The sliding of the slide plate (203) will drive the driven gear (206) meshing with it to rotate through the toothed gear set (205). The rotation of the driven gear (206) will drive the brush (204) fixedly connected to it to rotate. 7) Rotate to sweep dust off the surface of the photovoltaic panel (131). During the sliding of the slide plate (203), the compression pump body (211) and the fourth elastic element (212) will be compressed, so that the air in the compression pump body (211) will pass through the connecting groove (213) and break through the dust removal check valve (218) into the dust blowing groove (216), and finally spray out from several dust blowing holes (217) to sweep the surface of the photovoltaic panel (131) in the mounting groove (103); S3. When the teeth on the missing gear (202) rotate to the position where they disengage from the tooth groove group (204), the slide plate (203) will reset under the action of the elastic force of the fourth elastic element (212), thereby driving the brush (207) to reset. This cycle repeats, and the surface of the photovoltaic panel (131) can be cleaned by natural wind. When the compressor body (211) is stretched and reset with the slide plate (203), a negative pressure will be generated in the compressor body (211), causing the external air to break through the intake one-way valve (215) and enter the compressor body (211) through the connecting groove (213). S4. When the external ambient temperature is high, the thermal expansion block (142) in the cavity (141) will expand due to heat, pushing the piston plate (143) to compress the space in the cavity (141). This causes the gas in the cavity (141) to enter the support cylinder (145) through the outlet (144), pushing the piston rod (146) upward and causing the folded fins (147) to unfold in the cooling tank (104). At the same time, the shape memory alloy wire (225) in the barrier tank (223) will be heated. The contraction causes the barrier plate (222) fixedly connected to it to overcome the elastic force of the fifth elastic element (224) and rotate upward, opening the channel of the first diversion groove (221). At this time, the air in the compressor body (211) will preferentially enter the airbag (226) through the first diversion groove (221) due to thermal expansion, causing it to expand and squeeze the unfolded folded fins (147), so that the side away from the airbag (226) abuts against the heat-conducting pad (135) on the back of the photovoltaic panel (131). S5. Subsequently, the thermally expanded air will gradually break through the cleaning check valve (218) and the pressure check valve (232), and be ejected from the blowing hole (217) and nozzle (233) through the blowing groove (216) and the second diversion groove (231), respectively. Since the aperture of the second diversion groove (231) is larger than that of the first diversion groove (221), and the aperture of the first diversion groove (221) is larger than that of the blowing groove (216), most of the air will be blown towards the folded fins (147) through the nozzle (233), causing the folded fins (147) to vibrate slightly, which can shake off the dust on the back of the photovoltaic panel (131) and assist in heat dissipation. The airflow ejected from the blowing hole (217) continues to sweep the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (131) to avoid the hot spot effect from aggravating. At the same time, the natural rise of hot air is used to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic module. S6. When the device is in a high-temperature and windy environment, the reciprocating motion of the slide plate (203) will increase the air flow rate at the blowing hole (217) and the nozzle (233).