Livestock feed preparation method based on food waste recycling

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste, relating to the fields of waste resource utilization and feed processing technology. The method includes: transferring raw materials using a closed device; removing inorganic impurities and metals through negative pressure unloading, multi-stage vibration sorting, and magnetic iron removal; adjusting the particle size of the material using a heavy-duty high-speed pulverizer to increase the specific surface area; using high-pressure steam for constant-temperature sterilization to achieve complete harmlessness; inoculating fermentation bacteria after the material has been gradually cooled to a preset range, and carrying out biological fermentation in a controlled environment to produce metabolites; finally, adding corn flour, soybean meal, and wheat bran in proportion for deep mixing. This invention, through the above scheme, achieves complete inactivation of pathogenic bacteria and precise removal of foreign matter, significantly improving the biosafety and digestibility of the recycled feed, realizing a high-value closed-loop recycling of waste, and exhibiting significant environmental and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste resource utilization and feed processing, specifically relating to a method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued deepening of the concepts of circular economy and green environmental protection, the harmless disposal and resource utilization of kitchen waste has become an important direction in the field of waste treatment. Kitchen waste contains rich organic matter, protein, and fat. Converting it into livestock feed through specific technologies can not only effectively reduce the risk of environmental pollution, but also achieve a closed-loop cycle of biomass resources.

[0003] Among them, the feed preparation technology based on the recycling of kitchen waste involves the entire process design from raw material recycling and pretreatment to bioconversion. This technology mainly uses physical sorting, high-temperature sterilization and microbial fermentation to eliminate pathogens and harmful impurities in raw materials, and combines the addition and formulation of nutrients to produce high-quality feed products that meet livestock breeding standards.

[0004] However, existing technologies often suffer from low efficiency in impurity removal during the pretreatment stage of food waste, particularly in the insufficient precision of automated separation of metallic foreign objects, which can easily cause damage to subsequent crushing equipment. Meanwhile, traditional high-temperature sterilization processes struggle to balance energy consumption with sterilization thoroughness, and prolonged high-temperature treatment can denature some nutrients in the raw materials. Furthermore, the activity of microorganisms during fermentation is significantly affected by fluctuations in raw material composition, and the limited uniformity of mixing nutritional supplements with the fermentation substrate makes it difficult to achieve ideal nutritional stability and palatability in the final feed product. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste includes the following specific steps: Step 1, Raw material collection and sealed transfer: Using a special food waste collection vehicle equipped with an automated lifting mechanism and a fully sealed carrying device, the food waste is collected and sorted according to the preset logistics path, and the sealed status of the raw materials is ensured through the on-board real-time monitoring system, and then transported to the designated processing site. Step 2, unloading, sorting and magnetic iron removal: The raw materials are unloaded into the receiving bin with negative pressure deodorization function. The material is sent to the multi-stage vibrating sorting screen by the variable frequency screw conveyor to remove large-sized inorganic impurities. The directional magnetic field generated by the suspended permanent magnet separation device is used to remove ferromagnetic metal objects mixed in the material based on the magnetic absorption method. Step 3, Mechanical crushing and particle size adjustment: The iron-removed material is fed into a heavy-duty high-speed crusher, where the material is crushed to the preset particle size range by the mechanical impact of hammers or blades, increasing the specific surface area of ​​the material and providing a physical basis for subsequent heat treatment and bioconversion. Step 4, High-temperature sterilization and harmless treatment: The crushed material is transported to a high-pressure steam boiler or jacketed heating kettle and heated continuously for a predetermined time under preset constant temperature conditions. Through heat conduction and heat convection, pathogenic bacteria, viruses and parasite eggs present in the raw materials are completely killed, and the material is completely harmless. Step 5, gradient cooling and inoculation fermentation: The material after high-temperature sterilization is transferred to a heat exchange cooling device. When the material temperature drops to the preset temperature range, beneficial fermentation bacteria containing lactic acid bacteria, yeast and Bacillus are added according to the preset ratio. Biological fermentation is carried out in a controlled environment to degrade macromolecular organic matter and produce metabolites. Step 6, Nutritional blending and finished product mixing: After fermentation, corn flour, soybean meal and wheat bran are added to the material in a predetermined ratio. The mixture is then deeply mixed using a horizontal twin-shaft paddle mixer to ensure that the various nutrients are evenly distributed with the fermentation base, ultimately yielding regenerated feed that meets the standards for livestock consumption.

[0007] Preferably, in step 1, the special kitchen waste recycling vehicle is equipped with a hydraulically driven sealed top cover and a rear sealed door, and the sealing strip is made of acid and alkali resistant fluororubber material to ensure that there is no leakage of leachate and no spillage of foreign matter during transportation.

[0008] Preferably, in step 1, the vehicle-mounted real-time monitoring system includes a liquid level sensor and a temperature sensor installed inside the container. When the pressure or temperature inside the container fluctuates abnormally, the system automatically sends an early warning signal to the monitoring terminal to ensure the biochemical stability of the raw materials during transportation.

[0009] Preferably, in step 2, a spray deodorization device is installed above the unloading receiving bin to neutralize odorous gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide generated during the unloading of kitchen waste by spraying a deodorizing agent containing plant extracts.

[0010] Preferably, in step 2, the diameter of the screen hole of the multi-stage vibrating sorting screen is set to a preset size range to separate non-ferromagnetic inorganic impurities such as plastic bottle caps, glass fragments and ceramic residues from the raw materials.

[0011] Preferably, in step 2, the magnetic absorption method uses a permanent magnet with a magnetic field strength greater than or equal to a preset strength threshold, and the effective working distance of the magnetic separator is set within a predetermined distance range to ensure that the capture rate of small iron nails, iron filings and iron packaging residues embedded inside the material layer is greater than or equal to a preset ratio.

[0012] Preferably, in step 3, the rotation speed of the heavy-duty high-speed pulverizer is set to a preset rotation speed range, and the particle size of the pulverized material is distributed within a predetermined particle size range to ensure that the material is heated evenly in the subsequent high-temperature sterilization process.

[0013] Preferably, in step 4, the high-pressure steam boiler uses saturated steam as the heating medium, and a mechanical stirring shaft is installed inside the boiler. The stirring speed is set to a preset speed range to prevent local charring or uneven heating of the material during the heating process.

[0014] Preferably, in step 4, the preset constant temperature environment is precisely adjusted by a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm, and the temperature fluctuation range is controlled within a preset allowable error range, ensuring that the bioactive substances inside the material are effectively preserved within the predetermined sterilization time, while the inactivation rate of pathogenic microorganisms reaches the predetermined target.

[0015] Preferably, in step 5, the heat exchange cooling device adopts a circulating cooling water system, and the cooling pipes and the material contact surface are made of corrosion-resistant metal material to prevent organic acids in kitchen waste from corroding the equipment.

[0016] Preferably, in step 5, the inoculation amount of beneficial fermentation bacteria is within a predetermined proportion of the total mass of the material, wherein the total colony count ratio of lactic acid bacteria, yeast and Bacillus subtilis is a preset proportion, and the initial moisture content of the fermentation environment is adjusted to a preset moisture content range.

[0017] Preferably, the biological fermentation in step 5 is carried out in a sealed fermentation tank, the fermentation cycle is set to a predetermined time period, and the oxygen concentration during the fermentation process is maintained below a preset concentration threshold by an automatic ventilation system to promote the anaerobic fermentation process and produce abundant lactic acid and small peptides.

[0018] Preferably, in step 6, the amount of corn flour, soybean meal, and wheat bran added is dynamically adjusted according to the growth stage of the target livestock. The addition ratio of corn flour is set to a first preset ratio range, the addition ratio of soybean meal is set to a second preset ratio range, and the addition ratio of wheat bran is set to a third preset ratio range.

[0019] Preferably, in step 6, the mixing cycle of the horizontal twin-shaft paddle mixer is set to a preset time range, and the coefficient of variation of mixing uniformity is less than or equal to a preset threshold, ensuring that the crude protein content, crude fat content and mineral content in each unit mass of finished feed meet the standards for livestock and poultry feed.

[0020] Preferably, the method further includes extruding and granulating the prepared feed, setting the diameter of the granulation die to a predetermined size, and controlling the instantaneous temperature during the granulation process within a preset temperature range, so as to further mature the feed and improve its physical stability.

[0021] Preferably, the method further includes moisture detection and packaging of the finished feed, using an infrared moisture meter to monitor the feed moisture content in real time, ensuring that the finished product moisture content is less than or equal to a preset moisture content threshold, and then entering an automatic weighing and packaging machine for sealing and packaging, with the packaging bag using a moisture-proof composite plastic film.

[0022] Preferably, the method further includes establishing a quality traceability database to record parameters throughout the entire process from raw material recycling, unloading and sorting, high-temperature sterilization to fermentation and ingredient preparation. Each batch of finished feed is assigned a unique traceability code to achieve full life-cycle management of product quality.

[0023] Preferably, the method further includes collecting and biochemically treating the leachate generated during the treatment process, and using anaerobic digestion and aerobic aeration processes to make the leachate meet the discharge standards or reuse it for moisture regulation in the fermentation process.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By implementing a preset constant-temperature high-temperature disinfection and sterilization process in the boiler, this invention can completely kill viruses and various intestinal pathogens that may be carried in kitchen waste, ensuring the biosafety of recycled feed and solving the epidemic prevention risks caused by incomplete sterilization in traditional treatment methods. By adopting a high-strength magnetic absorption method and a multi-stage sorting process, the removal rate of ferromagnetic metals and other inorganic impurities reaches a preset high proportion, effectively preventing physical damage to the digestive tract of livestock caused by hard foreign objects, while protecting the safe operation of subsequent crushing and mixing equipment.

[0025] (2) By introducing beneficial fermenting bacteria for controlled fermentation, the complex macromolecular organic matter in kitchen waste is converted into easily absorbed lactic acid, amino acids, and small peptides, significantly improving the palatability and digestibility of the feed. The organic acids in the fermentation products can also effectively inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the livestock intestines. Combined with the scientific addition of corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran, this invention constructs a stable nutritional structure model, enabling the protein and energy levels of the recycled feed to reach a balance, meeting the physiological needs of livestock at different growth stages, and realizing the high-value transformation of waste resources.

[0026] (3) This invention realizes the whole-chain recycling of kitchen waste from source to end feed products, which greatly reduces the environmental pressure caused by landfilling or incineration of kitchen waste, realizes the closed-loop circulation of biomass resources, and conforms to the industrial policy of sustainable development. Using kitchen waste as the main raw material, it can achieve large-scale preparation through automated production lines, which significantly reduces the raw material cost of livestock feed, provides farmers with a high-quality feed source with competitive prices, and has broad market promotion prospects.

[0027] (4) The entire process adopts sensor monitoring and automated control system to adjust key parameters such as temperature, time, pressure and ratio in real time, ensuring the consistency and stability of feed product quality in different batches and getting rid of the limitations of traditional experience-based production. By establishing a digital quality traceability system, every link from source to finished product can be traced and controlled, which greatly improves the efficiency of government supervision and consumers' trust in recycled feed products.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall technical solution architecture of the livestock feed preparation method based on the recycling of kitchen waste proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the core principle framework of the present invention based on the harmless treatment and biological fermentation transformation of kitchen waste. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0032] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In the livestock feed preparation method based on the recycling of kitchen waste, step 1, raw material collection and sealed transfer, specifically includes using a dedicated kitchen waste recycling vehicle equipped with an automated lifting mechanism and a fully sealed carrying device to collect kitchen waste according to a preset logistics path. The automated lifting mechanism employs an electro-hydraulic proportional control system, using hydraulic cylinders to drive the grabbing arm to lift, tilt, and unload standardized kitchen waste bins. The carrying device of the dedicated kitchen waste recycling vehicle is a sealed box welded from high-strength stainless steel, with a hydraulically driven sealed top cover and a sealed door at the rear. Acid- and alkali-resistant, high-temperature-resistant fluororubber sealing strips are embedded in the contact surfaces between the sealed top cover and the box, and between the sealed door and the box, to ensure no leakage of leachate and no spillage of foreign matter during transportation. In step 1, an onboard real-time monitoring system ensures the sealed state of the raw materials during transfer. This system includes a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor installed inside the box. The liquid level sensor uses ultrasonic measurement to monitor the level of kitchen waste and leachate inside the container in real time; the temperature sensor uses a platinum resistance probe to monitor the heat generation of materials during transportation; and the pressure sensor monitors changes in gas pressure within the sealed space. The vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal obtains the vehicle's location in real time via GPS or BeiDou Navigation Satellite System and uploads location information and container status parameters to the cloud management platform via a 5G / 4G mobile communication module. When the internal pressure of the container exceeds a preset safety threshold or the rate of temperature increase exceeds a preset slope, the system automatically sends a warning signal to the monitoring terminal and adjusts the operation of the vehicle-mounted exhaust filtration device to ensure the biochemical stability of raw materials during transportation.

[0033] In the above method, step 2, unloading, sorting, and magnetic iron removal, specifically involves unloading the raw materials into a receiving bin with a negative pressure deodorization function. The unloading port of the receiving bin is equipped with an induction-type air curtain system to prevent odor leakage. The inside of the receiving bin is maintained at a preset negative pressure state, and the extracted gas enters the deodorization system at the rear. A spray deodorization device is installed above the unloading receiving bin, which uses a high-pressure plunger pump to atomize a deodorizing agent containing plant extracts into droplets with a particle size between 10 and 50 micrometers, spraying them onto the material surface to neutralize ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated during the unloading of kitchen waste. A variable frequency screw conveyor is installed at the bottom of the receiving bin, and the material conveying flow rate is controlled by adjusting the output frequency of the inverter. The material is fed into a multi-stage vibrating sorting screen, which includes multiple layers of screens with different apertures. The aperture diameter is set within a preset range to progressively separate non-ferromagnetic inorganic impurities such as plastic bottle caps, glass fragments, ceramic residues, large bones, and wood fibers from the raw materials. The sorted impurities enter a slag collection hopper through a side discharge port. A suspended permanent magnet separation device is installed at the end of the vibrating sorting screen or above the conveyor belt. Utilizing its directional magnetic field, it removes ferromagnetic metal objects mixed in the material through magnetic absorption. The magnetic absorption method uses neodymium iron boron permanent magnets with a magnetic field strength greater than or equal to a preset strength threshold (e.g., 3000 to 5000 Gauss). The effective working distance of the magnetic separator is set within a predetermined range to ensure that the capture rate of small iron nails, iron filings, and iron packaging residues embedded within the material layer is greater than or equal to a preset proportion (e.g., above 99%).

[0034] In the above method, step 3, mechanical crushing and particle size adjustment, specifically involves feeding the iron-removed material into a heavy-duty high-speed crusher. The rotational speed of the heavy-duty high-speed crusher is set to a preset speed range (e.g., 1500 rpm to 3000 rpm), utilizing high-speed rotating hammers or blades to generate strong mechanical impact, shearing, and friction on the material. The crushing chamber is lined with wear-resistant alloy plates, and the screen aperture is configured according to the target particle size. The particle size of the crushed material is distributed within a predetermined range, typically 2 mm to 5 mm. By reducing the particle size, the specific surface area of ​​the material is greatly increased. This not only facilitates rapid heat conduction in subsequent step 4, ensuring uniform heating, but also provides a wider adhesion and interaction interface for microbial inoculation in step 5, accelerating the biotransformation process.

[0035] In the above method, step 4, high-temperature sterilization and harmless treatment, specifically involves transporting the pulverized material through a sealed pipeline to a high-pressure steam boiler or a jacketed heating kettle. The high-pressure steam boiler uses saturated steam as the heating medium, transferring energy to the material through jacket heating or internal coil heating. A mechanical stirring shaft is installed inside the boiler, with anchor or paddle-type blades. The stirring speed is set to a preset range to ensure intense turbulence within the boiler, preventing localized charring or uneven heating of the material on the heating wall. Under preset constant temperature conditions (e.g., 100 degrees Celsius), the material is continuously heated for a predetermined time (e.g., 2 hours), thoroughly killing pathogens (such as African swine fever virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, etc.), viruses, and parasite eggs present in the raw materials through heat conduction and convection. The preset constant temperature environment is precisely adjusted using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm. The PID controller uses real-time temperature values ​​fed back from multiple temperature sensors installed inside the boiler. With the set target temperature The deviation between the two values ​​is calculated to control the opening degree of the steam regulating valve. Its mathematical logic can be expressed as: in, To control the output, For temperature deviation, These are the proportional, integral, and derivative gain constants, respectively. Through this control mechanism, the temperature fluctuation range is strictly controlled within a preset allowable error range (e.g., 1 degree), ensuring that the bioactive substances (such as some heat-resistant proteins) inside the material are effectively preserved within the predetermined sterilization time, while the inactivation rate of pathogenic microorganisms reaches the predetermined target.

[0036] In the above method, step 5, gradient cooling and inoculation fermentation, specifically involves transferring the high-temperature sterilized material into a heat exchange cooling device. The heat exchange cooling device uses a circulating cooling water system, where the material exchanges heat counter-currently with the cooling water pipeline during the spiral conveying process. The contact surfaces between the cooling pipeline and the material are made of corrosion-resistant metals such as 316L stainless steel to prevent corrosion of the equipment by organic acids in the kitchen waste. Once the material temperature drops to a preset temperature range (e.g., 35°C to 45°C), the material is conveyed into a sealed fermentation tank. Beneficial fermentation bacteria containing lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and Bacillus subtilis are added according to a preset ratio (e.g., 0.1% to 0.5% of the total material mass). The ratio of the total colony counts of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and Bacillus subtilis in the beneficial fermentation bacteria is set to a preset ratio (e.g., 5:3:2). Before inoculation, the initial moisture content of the fermentation environment is adjusted to a preset moisture content range (e.g., 55% to 65%) by adding an appropriate amount of process water or using a leachate reflux system. Biological fermentation is carried out under controlled conditions, with the fermentation cycle set for a predetermined time period (e.g., 48 to 72 hours). During fermentation, the oxygen concentration is maintained below a preset threshold using an automatic ventilation system and a nitrogen compensation system to create an anaerobic or microaerophilic environment, promoting lactic acid fermentation. Microorganisms produce large amounts of organic acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid during metabolism, rapidly lowering the pH of the material to a preset range (e.g., 4.0 to 4.5), thereby further inhibiting the growth of unwanted microorganisms. Simultaneously, proteases and cellulases secreted by the microorganisms degrade large-molecule proteins and crude fibers in the food waste into small peptides, amino acids, and monosaccharides, significantly improving the bioavailability of the feed.

[0037] In the above method, step 6, nutrient formulation and finished product mixing, specifically involves adding corn flour, soybean meal, and wheat bran in predetermined proportions to the fermented material. Corn flour, as an energy feed, is added in a first preset proportion range; soybean meal, as a high-quality protein source, is added in a second preset proportion range; and wheat bran, as a source of crude fiber and minerals, is added in a third preset proportion range. The specific amounts added are dynamically adjusted according to the growth stage and nutritional needs of the target livestock (such as fattening pigs, laying hens, dairy cows, etc.). The mixture is then fed into a horizontal twin-shaft paddle mixer for deep mixing. The two mixing shafts of the horizontal twin-shaft paddle mixer rotate in opposite directions, and the paddles are arranged at a specific angle, causing the material to undergo three-dimensional composite motion in the radial, circumferential, and axial directions within the mixing chamber, forming a momentary weightlessness zone. The mixing cycle is set to a preset duration range (e.g., 3 to 8 minutes) to ensure uniform distribution of various nutrient components and the fermentation substrate. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the mixing uniformity is less than or equal to a preset threshold (e.g., 5%), ensuring that the crude protein content, crude fat content and mineral content in each unit mass of finished feed meet the standards for livestock and poultry feed.

[0038] Furthermore, the method also includes extruding and granulating the prepared feed. The mixed wet material is fed into a ring die pellet mill, where it is extruded into the pelleting die orifice by pressure rollers. The diameter of the pelleting die orifice is set to a predetermined size (e.g., 3 mm to 8 mm), and the instantaneous temperature during the pelleting process is controlled within a preset temperature range (e.g., 70°C to 85°C) using frictional heat or a small amount of auxiliary steam to further mature the feed, gelatinize the starch, improve the palatability and physical stability of the feed, and reduce dust and waste during the feeding process.

[0039] Furthermore, the method also includes moisture detection and packaging of the finished feed. An online infrared moisture meter is used to monitor the moisture content of the feed in real time after pelleting and cooling. If the moisture content exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 12%), the drying system is automatically triggered for supplemental drying. After ensuring the finished product moisture content meets the standard, the material enters an automatic weighing and packaging machine for sealing. The packaging bags use moisture-proof composite plastic film and are vacuum-packed or nitrogen-filled to extend the shelf life of the finished feed.

[0040] Furthermore, the method also includes establishing a quality traceability database. The system automatically records parameters throughout the entire process, from raw material recycling (vehicle number, time, location), unloading and sorting (impurity rate, iron removal amount), high-temperature sterilization (temperature curve, pressure value, duration) to fermentation and ingredient preparation (batch of strains, addition ratio, fermentation pH changes). Each batch of finished feed is assigned and marked with a unique QR code for traceability during the packaging process, achieving full lifecycle management of product quality from source to end.

[0041] Furthermore, the method also includes collecting and biochemically treating the leachate generated during the treatment process. Leachate generated during the storage and compaction of food waste is collected in a regulating tank via a collection pipeline. Biogas (biogas) is produced through anaerobic digestion for boiler heating. The digestate undergoes aerobic aeration and multi-stage membrane filtration (UF / RO) to ensure the leachate meets discharge standards, or, depending on process requirements, is reused for moisture regulation in step 5 of the fermentation process, achieving a closed-loop water cycle.

[0042] In the aforementioned feed preparation process, evaluating fermentation efficiency is crucial for process optimization. This embodiment assesses the fermentation status in real time by monitoring the conversion rate of organic matter during fermentation. A fermentation conversion efficiency coefficient is defined. for: in, and These are the first and last fermentation stages, respectively. The mass concentration of a target metabolite (such as lactic acid, small peptides). and The volume of the fermentation broth. The total mass of the beneficial fermentation bacteria inoculated. The fermentation cycle is calculated by the system. The fermentation environment parameters (such as temperature compensation or air exchange frequency) in step 5 are automatically adjusted to ensure that the biotransformation process is in the optimal state.

[0043] Example 2 This embodiment optimizes the process for food waste with a specific high oil content, based on Embodiment 1. A physical centrifugal degreasing step is added between steps 2 and 3.

[0044] Because some food waste contains a high proportion of animal and vegetable oils, directly feeding it into subsequent processes may affect the activity of fermentation bacteria and lead to excess energy in the finished feed. After unloading, sorting, and magnetic iron removal in step 2, the material is heated to a preset degreasing temperature (e.g., 60 to 75 degrees Celsius) to fully liquefy the oils and precipitate them from the solid phase. The material is then fed into a three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge, where, under the action of a high-speed centrifugal force field, the material is separated into oils, an aqueous phase, and solid residue.

[0045] The separated oil enters a collection tank and, after further refining, can be used as an industrial oil raw material. The aqueous phase, rich in soluble organic matter, is returned to step 5 as a moisture conditioning liquid during fermentation, utilizing its nutrients. The defatted solid residue enters step 3 for mechanical pulverization. Through defatting, the fat content of the material is adjusted to a preset range, which not only improves the heat penetration efficiency of steam sterilization in the subsequent step 4 but also avoids the obstruction of oxygen transfer within the fermenter by high oil content.

[0046] In step 3, mechanical crushing and particle size adjustment, a two-stage crushing process was used for the solid residue after degreasing. The first stage is coarse crushing, breaking the material to below 10 mm; the second stage is fine crushing, using an ultra-micro pulverizer to further process the material to a predetermined particle size range (e.g., 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm). The finer particle size distribution allows the core temperature of the material to reach the preset 100 degrees Celsius in a shorter time during the high-temperature sterilization process in step 4, thereby shortening the predetermined sterilization time while ensuring the sterilization effect and reducing the damage to heat-sensitive nutrients.

[0047] In step 4, high-temperature sterilization and harmless treatment, this embodiment employs flash cooling technology and a waste heat recovery system. After the material undergoes constant-temperature sterilization for a predetermined time in the boiler, it is sent into the flash tank using a pressure difference. The secondary steam generated by flash evaporation preheats the cold material entering the receiving chamber in step 2 via a heat exchanger, or preheats the circulating cooling water in step 5. This tiered utilization of thermal energy significantly reduces the system's total energy consumption.

[0048] In step 5, gradient cooling and inoculation fermentation, the ratio of beneficial fermentation bacteria was adjusted to suit the characteristics of the material after high-oil defatting. The proportion of lipase-producing Bacillus subtilis was increased to further decompose residual trace amounts of fat. Simultaneously, online oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) monitoring was introduced during fermentation. The potential changes of the fermentation broth were acquired in real time using an ORP sensor, automatically adjusting the intermittent operating frequency of the stirrer. When the ORP value fell below a preset lower limit, short-term low-speed stirring was initiated to introduce trace amounts of air; when the ORP value was within a preset ideal range, the fermentation was kept in a static anaerobic state. This precise metabolic regulation ensured the maximization of lactic acid content in the fermentation product.

[0049] In step 6, nutrient formulation and finished product mixing, considering that the defatting process removes some energy, this embodiment correspondingly increases the amount of corn flour added within the first preset ratio range, and introduces quantitatively added mineral premix and vitamin premix. The mixer adopts vacuum spraying technology, which sprays heat-sensitive vitamins and trace elements in atomized form onto the surface of the material at the end of the mixing process, avoiding vitamin inactivation caused by frictional heat generation in traditional addition methods.

[0050] Physicochemical tests of the finished feed showed that the crude protein content of the recycled feed prepared by the method in this embodiment was increased by more than 15% compared with that of conventional methods, and the oil content was stable within the optimal range required by the physiological needs of livestock.

[0051] Example 3 This embodiment focuses on an integrated and digital livestock feed preparation system implementation plan, emphasizing automated control and environmentally friendly design of the production process.

[0052] In step 1, raw material collection and closed-loop transfer, this embodiment introduces an intelligent path planning algorithm. By analyzing historical data on waste production at each collection point, real-time road conditions, and vehicle load, the system automatically generates the optimal recycling route and sends it to the onboard terminal of the dedicated food waste recycling vehicle. During the vehicle's journey, the onboard real-time monitoring system not only monitors the biochemical parameters of the container but also automatically records the sorting accuracy of the unloading bins through a front-facing camera and image recognition algorithms. It marks the sources of large amounts of non-recyclable impurities for focused sorting in step 2.

[0053] In step 2, unloading, sorting, and magnetic iron removal, the sorting process employs an intelligent visual recognition and robotic arm rejection system. A high-speed industrial camera is installed above the multi-stage vibrating sorting screen, using a deep learning model to identify foreign objects in the material flow in real time. For irregularly shaped inorganic materials (such as long strips of plastic or large pieces of fabric) that are difficult for the vibrating screen to separate, a parallel robotic arm precisely removes them. The magnetic iron removal system has been upgraded to a self-unloading permanent magnet separator. Ferromagnetic metals adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic poles are automatically cleaned periodically by a conveyor belt and transferred to a collection box, achieving continuous operation of the iron removal process without the need for downtime for cleaning.

[0054] In step 4, high-temperature sterilization and detoxification, a multi-stage heating process is employed in this embodiment to achieve the ultimate detoxification effect. The material is first heated to 60-70 degrees Celsius using waste heat in the preheating section and maintained for a predetermined preheating time, causing some heat-sensitive microorganisms to begin to inactivate. It then enters the core sterilization section, where the temperature is rapidly raised to 100 degrees Celsius and maintained for 2 hours. The system is equipped with dual redundant temperature sensors and pressure transmitters to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data acquired by the control system. The PID control algorithm further integrates feedforward control logic; when fluctuations in the feed temperature or flow rate are detected, the steam input is adjusted in advance to keep the temperature fluctuation inside the boiler within 0.5 degrees Celsius.

[0055] In step 5, gradient cooling and inoculation fermentation, a vertical multi-layer continuous fermentation tower structure was employed. The material enters from the top of the tower and descends layer by layer under gravity. Each layer is equipped with independent sensors for temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, and pH. The inoculation device is located at the top inlet, and a precision metering pump evenly sprays the inoculum solution into the material. Each layer of the fermentation tower is equipped with an independent temperature control jacket and air distributor, achieving gradient control of the fermentation environment. The top layer focuses on rapid inoculum proliferation, the middle layer on vigorous degradation of organic matter, and the bottom layer on the accumulation of metabolites and material stability. Compared to batch fermentation, this continuous fermentation process significantly improves equipment utilization and product quality consistency.

[0056] In step 6, nutrient formulation and finished product mixing, an online nutrient composition analysis system based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) technology was employed. Before the fermented material entered the mixer, NIR sensors detected its protein, fat, moisture, and fiber content in real time. Based on the detection results, the central control system calculated and automatically adjusted the precise addition ratios of corn flour, soybean meal, and wheat bran in real time, achieving a precise nutrient ratio tailored to each feed. The mixed finished feed then directly entered a dust-free automated filling line.

[0057] This embodiment employs a multi-stage purification system to address the waste gas generated during the production process. Except for the spray deodorization mentioned in step 2, all waste gas generated by the process equipment is collected through closed pipelines and sequentially treated by a biological filter, an activated carbon adsorption tower, and a photocatalytic oxidation device. The biological filter is filled with composite packing material loaded with special deodorizing microorganisms, which remove pathogenic aerosols and odor molecules from the waste gas through microbial degradation. The treated gas is then emitted through a tall chimney, meeting stringent atmospheric emission standards.

[0058] Furthermore, the quality traceability database established in this embodiment is integrated with a blockchain platform. Production data corresponding to each traceability code (including raw material source, sterilization parameters, and bacterial activity) is encrypted and uploaded to the blockchain node to ensure data immutability. Consumers or regulatory authorities can obtain all production details and third-party testing reports for that batch of feed by scanning the QR code on the finished product packaging, greatly enhancing the product's market credibility.

[0059] Example 4 This embodiment describes a compact feed preparation solution designed for small-scale farms or regional processing centers, emphasizing modular integration of equipment and low-energy operation.

[0060] In step 1, raw material collection and sealed transfer, a small to medium-sized sealed transport vehicle is used, with a mechanical compaction mechanism installed inside the container. Through compaction, approximately 20% of the free water (leachate) in the material can be discharged, and the leachate is stored in a collection tank located under the vehicle. This not only increases the vehicle's effective load capacity but also reduces the acidic substances produced by anaerobic fermentation of the raw materials during transportation.

[0061] In step 2, unloading, sorting, and magnetic iron removal, an integrated single-stage drum screen is used instead of a multi-stage vibrating screen. The drum screen is equipped with spiral guide vanes and staggered magnetic blocks. As the material tumbles and advances within the drum, large impurities are screened and iron is adsorbed. A simple air separation device is installed at the drum screen outlet, utilizing the density difference between lightweight impurities (such as plastic film) and organic materials to separate them through controlled airflow.

[0062] In step 3, mechanical crushing and particle size adjustment, the crusher and the heating vessel in step 4 are integrated into a single unit. A high-shear crushing pump is installed at the bottom of the heating vessel. After the material enters the vessel, it is continuously passed through the crushing head under the action of the circulating pump, achieving simultaneous heating and crushing. This design reduces material transfer losses between different devices and improves heat exchange efficiency.

[0063] In step 4, high-temperature sterilization and harmless treatment, due to the small scale of the equipment, an electrically heated thermal oil jacket was used instead of a high-pressure steam boiler. The thermal oil has high thermal stability and can provide a uniform and continuous heat source. The temperature control system employs a fuzzy control algorithm, and considering the high thermal inertia of small equipment, it achieves rapid response and stable maintenance of a 100-degree constant temperature environment through multiple preset control rules.

[0064] In step 5, gradient cooling and inoculation fermentation, a combination of natural cooling and forced ventilation was used. Initial cooling was achieved using the low nighttime temperature or circulating water from a cooling tower. Once the temperature reached the preset range, inoculation was performed directly in the heated vessel (used as a fermenter at this point). To reduce costs, locally selected, highly active indigenous microbial communities were used for beneficial fermentation, after being expanded and then used. During fermentation, intermittent stirring provided trace amounts of oxygen to promote early yeast growth.

[0065] In step 6, nutrient formulation and finished product mixing, considering the need for miniaturization, corn flour, soybean meal, and wheat bran are added in the form of premixed powder. A vertical spiral mixer is used for the mixing process, which has a small footprint and high mixing uniformity. The prepared feed is not pelleted but is directly provided to surrounding farms as wet powder, reducing the energy consumption of drying and pelleting.

[0066] This embodiment also features a specially designed on-site resource utilization unit for leachate. After simple sedimentation and anaerobic acidification, the collected leachate contains organic acids that are directly added back to the feed as acidulants, which improves the palatability of the feed and achieves zero wastewater discharge.

[0067] Example 5 This embodiment focuses on enhancing the biosafety and long-term storage stability of feed, and adds multiple biological barrier technologies to the above general steps.

[0068] In step 4, the high-temperature sterilization and detoxification process, in addition to maintaining the standard process of 100 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, this embodiment introduces ultrasonic synergistic sterilization technology. A high-power ultrasonic transducer is installed on the inner wall of the heating vessel. The cavitation effect generated by ultrasound can destroy the cell walls and cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms, significantly increasing their sensitivity to heat. This synergistic effect ensures that even with extremely complex material composition and high thermal resistance, a 100% detoxification rate can still be achieved.

[0069] In step 5, gradient cooling and inoculation fermentation, this embodiment employs a sequencing batch fermentation (SBR) strategy. First, thermoresistant Bacillus bacteria are inoculated for primary fermentation, utilizing their powerful proteolytic ability to initially degrade large protein molecules. Once the temperature drops below 40 degrees Celsius, lactic acid bacteria and yeast are inoculated for secondary fermentation, producing organic acids and aromatic substances. This staged inoculation method fully leverages the synergistic effect of different microbial communities, resulting in fermented materials with extremely strong resistance to spoilage.

[0070] During fermentation, the system monitors changes in the electrical conductivity of the material using sensors. Electrical conductivity is closely related to ion concentration and the degree of material decomposition. A fermentation degree prediction model is established, and by analyzing the slope of conductivity changes over time, the fermentation endpoint can be accurately determined, avoiding nutrient loss due to over-fermentation.

[0071] In step 6, nutrient formulation and finished product mixing, plant extracts with natural anti-mold properties (such as oregano oil and allicin) were specially added. These ingredients are evenly dispersed in the feed during mixing, and together with the lactic acid environment produced by fermentation, they form a dual chemical and biological anti-mold barrier.

[0072] To improve the physical stability of the finished feed, this embodiment introduces cold extrusion technology into the pelleting process. By adjusting the compression ratio of the die holes, high-density pelleting is achieved at a lower temperature. This method maximizes the preservation of heat-sensitive metabolites (such as certain vitamins and enzymes) produced during fermentation.

[0073] In this embodiment, a biosafety assessment report module has been added to the quality traceability database. Each batch of products undergoes rapid PCR testing before leaving the factory, and the test results are automatically linked to the traceability code. Simultaneously, stability prediction data for that batch of products under preset storage conditions is recorded, providing farmers with accurate shelf-life recommendations.

[0074] The leachate generated during the treatment process is processed, and the sludge portion is fermented at high temperature and aerobicly to produce bio-organic fertilizer, realizing the complete resource utilization of all solid, liquid, and gas components in the kitchen waste treatment process, with no secondary pollutants entering the environment.

[0075] Example 6 This embodiment describes a livestock feed preparation method based on modular factory design, which is suitable for rapid deployment and large-scale expansion.

[0076] In step 1, raw material collection and sealed transfer, the dedicated food waste recycling vehicle is equipped with an automatic weighing system based on radio frequency identification (RFID). Each waste bin is affixed with an RFID tag, and the vehicle automatically records source information and weight data while lifting and unloading. This data is synchronized in real time to the factory's central control room via the Internet of Things (IoT) to optimize the sorting speed in subsequent step 2 and the ingredient ratio in step 6.

[0077] In step 2, unloading, sorting, and magnetic iron removal, the sorting production line adopts a modular design. Each sorting unit (vibrating screen, iron remover, air separator) is of standard container size, and modules can be flexibly added or removed according to the impurity content of the raw materials. The magnetic absorption method adopts a gradient magnetic field design, with a weak magnetic field at the front end to capture large iron pieces and a strong magnetic field at the rear end to capture fine iron filings, ensuring extremely high metal removal accuracy.

[0078] In step 3, mechanical crushing and particle size adjustment, the crusher is equipped with an intelligent load control system. The frequency of the drive motor is automatically adjusted based on the hardness and flow rate of the material. When encountering hard, difficult-to-crush foreign objects, the system automatically reverses the discharge or issues a shutdown warning to protect the core components from damage.

[0079] In step 4, high-temperature sterilization and harmless treatment, a continuous tubular sterilizer was used. The material flows in a high-temperature, high-pressure pipeline, which is covered by a steam jacket. Compared to autoclave sterilization, this structure has a higher heat transfer coefficient and a more uniform temperature distribution. The PID control system adjusts the flow rate of the material in the pipeline to ensure that each unit volume of material remains at 100 degrees Celsius for a full 2 ​​hours.

[0080] In step 5, gradient cooling and inoculation fermentation, the cooling device employs multi-stage flash cooling and vacuum cooling technology. The material enters the vacuum chamber, where water evaporation removes heat, achieving rapid cooling. This not only shortens the process cycle but also adjusts the material's moisture content through evaporation, directly reaching the preset moisture content range required for fermentation. The fermenter is equipped with an online biomass sensor, which monitors the light scattering characteristics of the material to calculate the microbial growth curve in real time.

[0081] In step 6, nutrient formulation and finished product mixing, a high-precision loss-in-weight feeding system is employed. Corn flour, soybean meal, and wheat bran are stored in separate silos and precisely added to the mixer according to a preset ratio via a screw feeder. The mixer is equipped with an infrared heating device to maintain a suitable mixing temperature for the materials in low-temperature winter environments, ensuring uniform mixing and the activity of the additives.

[0082] The packaging of finished feed utilizes fully automated palletizing robots, which automatically classify and store the feed based on logistics labels generated from a quality traceability database. The entire factory has achieved a high degree of digital twin management, allowing operators to monitor fluctuations in every process parameter in real time from the control room.

[0083] For leachate treatment, this embodiment employs advanced electrochemical oxidation technology combined with biological treatment processes. The electrochemical unit effectively degrades high concentrations of recalcitrant organic matter in the leachate, improving its biodegradability, before it enters a high-efficiency anaerobic reactor to produce energy. This intensive treatment model allows the daily processing capacity of a single modular plant to be flexibly expanded from tens of tons to hundreds of tons as needed.

[0084] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Raw material collection and sealed transfer: Using a special food waste recycling vehicle equipped with an automated lifting mechanism and a fully sealed carrying device, food waste is collected and sorted according to a preset logistics path. The automated lifting mechanism uses a hydraulically driven grab arm to lift, flip and unload the standardized food waste bins, and the on-board real-time monitoring system monitors the sealing status and biochemical parameters of the raw materials during the transfer process. Step 2, unloading, sorting and magnetic iron removal: The raw materials are unloaded into the receiving bin with negative pressure deodorization function. The material is sent into the multi-stage vibrating sorting screen by the variable frequency screw conveyor. The non-ferromagnetic inorganic impurities in the raw materials are separated step by step by multiple screens with different apertures. The directional magnetic field generated by the suspended permanent magnet separation device is used to remove the ferromagnetic metal objects mixed in the material based on the magnetic absorption method. Step 3, Mechanical crushing and particle size adjustment: The iron-removed material is fed into a heavy-duty high-speed crusher. The mechanical impact, shearing and friction of the high-speed rotating parts are used to crush the material to the preset particle size range, increasing the specific surface area of ​​the material and providing a physical basis for subsequent heat treatment and bioconversion. Step 4, High-temperature sterilization and harmless treatment: The crushed material is transported to a high-pressure steam boiler or jacketed heating kettle and heated continuously for a predetermined time under preset constant temperature conditions. At the same time, the material is stirred by a mechanical stirring shaft. Through heat conduction and heat convection, pathogenic bacteria, viruses and parasite eggs present in the raw materials are completely killed, and the material is completely harmless. Step 5, gradient cooling and inoculation fermentation: The material after high-temperature sterilization is transferred to a heat exchange cooling device for countercurrent heat exchange. When the material temperature drops to the preset temperature range, beneficial fermentation bacteria containing lactic acid bacteria, yeast and Bacillus are added according to the preset ratio. Biological fermentation is carried out in a closed fermentation tank to degrade macromolecular organic matter and produce metabolites. Step Six, Nutritional Blending and Finished Product Mixing: After fermentation, corn flour, soybean meal, and wheat bran are added to the material in a predetermined proportion. The mixture is then deeply mixed using a horizontal twin-shaft paddle mixer. The reverse rotation of the mixing shaft and the angle arrangement of the paddles create a three-dimensional composite motion of radial, circumferential, and axial directions within the mixing tank, ensuring that all nutrients are evenly distributed with the fermentation substrate and ultimately yielding regenerated feed that meets feeding standards.

2. The method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the carrying device of the special kitchen waste recycling vehicle is a sealed box made of welded stainless steel. The top of the box is equipped with a hydraulically driven sealed top cover, and the rear is equipped with a sealed door. Acid- and alkali-resistant and high-temperature-resistant fluororubber sealing strips are embedded in the contact surfaces between the sealed top cover and the box, and between the sealed door and the box. The vehicle-mounted real-time monitoring system includes a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor installed inside the box. The vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal obtains the vehicle's location in real time through a global positioning system and uploads the location information and box status parameters to the cloud management platform through a mobile communication module. When the internal pressure of the box exceeds a preset safety threshold or the rate of temperature increase exceeds a preset slope, the system sends an early warning signal to the monitoring terminal.

3. The method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, a spray deodorization device is installed above the unloading receiving bin. A high-pressure plunger pump atomizes a deodorizing agent containing plant extracts into droplets within a preset particle size range and sprays them onto the material surface to neutralize ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and volatile organic compounds generated during the unloading of kitchen waste. The screen aperture diameter of the multi-stage vibrating sorting screen is set to a preset size range to separate plastic bottle caps, glass fragments, ceramic residues, large bones, and wood fibers from the raw materials. The magnetic absorption method uses neodymium iron boron permanent magnets with a magnetic field strength greater than or equal to a preset strength threshold. The effective working distance of the magnetic separator is set within a predetermined distance range to ensure that the capture rate of small iron nails, iron filings, and iron packaging residues embedded inside the material layer is greater than or equal to a preset proportion.

4. The method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the rotational speed of the heavy-duty high-speed pulverizer is set to a preset speed range. The pulverizing chamber is lined with wear-resistant alloy plates, and the screen aperture is configured according to the target particle size. The particle size of the pulverized material is distributed within the predetermined particle size range. The heavy-duty high-speed pulverizer is equipped with an intelligent load control system, which automatically adjusts the frequency of the drive motor according to the hardness and flow rate of the material. When encountering hard foreign objects that are difficult to pulverize, the system performs a reverse discharge operation or issues a shutdown warning. The pulverized material is transported to the subsequent process through a sealed pipeline. The reduced particle size of the material increases the heat transfer efficiency and provides an adhesion and interaction interface for subsequent microbial inoculation.

5. The method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the high-pressure steam boiler uses saturated steam as the heating medium and transfers energy to the material through jacket heating or internal coil heating. The stirring blades of the mechanical stirring shaft adopt an anchor or paddle structure, and the stirring speed is set to a preset speed range to create turbulence in the material within the boiler. The preset constant temperature environment is regulated by a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm. The controller calculates the deviation between the real-time temperature values ​​fed back by multiple temperature sensors installed inside the boiler and the set target temperature, and controls the opening of the steam regulating valve to keep the temperature fluctuation range within the preset allowable error range. Within the predetermined sterilization time, the bioactive substances inside the material are preserved and pathogenic microorganisms are killed.

6. The method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step five, the heat exchange cooling device uses a circulating cooling water system, and the cooling pipes and material contact surfaces are made of corrosion-resistant metal. The ratio of total colonies of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and Bacillus subtilis in the beneficial fermentation microbial community is set to a preset ratio. Before inoculation, the initial moisture content of the fermentation environment is adjusted to a preset moisture content range by adding process water or using a leachate reflux system. The biological fermentation is carried out in a sealed fermentation tank, with the fermentation cycle set to a predetermined time period. During fermentation, the oxygen concentration is maintained below a preset concentration threshold by an automatic ventilation system and a nitrogen compensation system to create an anaerobic or microaerobic environment and promote lactic acid fermentation.

7. The method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the bio-fermentation process, microorganisms secrete proteases and cellulases to degrade large molecular proteins and crude fibers in kitchen waste into small peptides, amino acids, and monosaccharides. The system monitors changes in the conductivity of the material through sensors and establishes a fermentation degree prediction model. The fermentation endpoint is determined by analyzing the slope of the conductivity change over time. The organic acids produced during fermentation reduce the pH of the material to a preset range, inhibiting the growth of miscellaneous bacteria. The fermenter is equipped with an online biomass sensor, which calculates the growth curve of microorganisms by monitoring the light scattering characteristics of the material and automatically adjusts the fermentation environment parameters based on the monitoring results.

8. The method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step six, the amounts of corn flour, soybean meal, and wheat bran added are dynamically adjusted according to the growth stage and nutritional needs of the target livestock. The addition ratio of corn flour is set to a first preset ratio range, the addition ratio of soybean meal is set to a second preset ratio range, and the addition ratio of wheat bran is set to a third preset ratio range. The mixing cycle of the horizontal twin-shaft paddle mixer is set to a preset duration range, and the coefficient of variation of mixing uniformity is less than or equal to a preset threshold. At the end of the mixing process, heat-sensitive vitamins and trace elements are sprayed onto the surface of the material in an atomized form using vacuum spraying technology.

9. The method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes the following subsequent processing steps: extruding and granulating the prepared feed, using the pressure rollers of a ring die granulator to squeeze the material into the granulation die, controlling the instantaneous temperature during the granulation process within a preset temperature range to achieve feed maturation and starch gelatinization; using an online infrared moisture meter to monitor the feed moisture content in real time, triggering a drying system when the moisture content exceeds a preset moisture content threshold, and sealing the finished product after the moisture content meets the standard by entering an automatic weighing and packaging machine, using a moisture-proof composite plastic film for the packaging bag, and performing a vacuum or nitrogen-filling packaging procedure.

10. The method for preparing livestock feed based on the recycling of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes the following system optimization steps: a physical centrifugal degreasing process is added between step two and step three, in which the material is heated to a preset degreasing temperature, and a three-phase horizontal spiral centrifuge is used to separate the material into oil, water phase and solid residue under the action of a high-speed centrifugal force field. The separated oil enters a collection tank for refining, and the water phase is returned to step five as a moisture conditioning liquid in the fermentation process. A quality traceability database is established to record the parameters of the entire process from raw material recycling, unloading and sorting, high-temperature sterilization to fermentation and batching. Each batch of finished feed is assigned a unique QR code traceability code. The leachate generated during the treatment process is collected and biogas is produced through anaerobic digestion for boiler heating. The digestate is then recycled for moisture regulation during the fermentation process after aerobic aeration and multi-stage membrane filtration.

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