A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention provides a liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method. The liquid preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts crude Astragalus membranaceus extract, 5-8 parts cinnamaldehyde, 8-12 parts magnolol, 0.8-1.2 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.5-1 parts sodium citrate. This invention's liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings shows significant therapeutic effects against Escherichia coli infection in ducklings. The crude Astragalus membranaceus extract, cinnamaldehyde, and magnolol exhibit a significant synergistic effect in treating E. coli infection in ducklings. This invention's liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings provides better therapeutic effects, offering a better choice and treatment option for poultry and livestock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of veterinary drug technology, and in particular to a liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Avian colibacillosis is a common zoonotic bacterial disease caused by Escherichia coli, characterized by localized or systemic symptoms in poultry. Poultry of all ages can be infected, and there can be thousands of serotypes. This disease is often co-infected with other viral diseases (influenza, Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis) and mycoplasma diseases, increasing the mortality rate of infected birds.

[0003] The pathogenicity of *E. coli* is usually closely related to the synergistic effect of the virulence genes it carries. After invading the body, the pathogen first colonizes the epithelial cells through various expressed adhesins, and then releases various toxins, causing inflammatory responses in various tissues and organs, and in severe cases, systemic sepsis or even death. After entering the host, the pathogen rapidly adapts to the host environment by regulating the expression and interaction of related virulence genes, successfully evading the host's defense system and inducing host disease or even death.

[0004] Escherichia coli has a broad drug resistance spectrum and is sensitive to many antibiotics and sulfonamides, but it easily develops or acquires resistance. Therefore, when using drugs for prevention and treatment in production, it is necessary to change drugs regularly or alternate between several drugs, especially for breeding ducks. The most effective method is to select effective drugs for treatment based on the drug sensitivity test results of the isolated bacteria. At the same time, symptomatic treatment should also be paid attention to, such as supplementing vitamins and electrolytes. Antibiotics such as amikacin, gentamicin, neomycin, and apramycin, and quinolones such as ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and pefloxacin mesylate are commonly used treatment drugs.

[0005] The harm caused by duck colibacillosis is not only manifested in the high infection rate and typical pathological changes such as omphalitis and septicemia in ducklings, but also has a profound impact on egg production, adult duck health, and even the biosafety of the entire breeding system. Establishing a multi-dimensional and synergistic mechanism encompassing biosafety, environmental control, nutritional regulation, and drug intervention is a key strategy for effectively controlling this disease.

[0006] Traditional Chinese medicine has low residue, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-damage effects. It is a natural medicine and has multiple targets and a wide range of effects in animals. It can also enhance the body's immune function, improve the endocrine system and regulate the body's homeostasis.

[0007] Developing safe and effective products for the prevention and control of duck colibacillosis is of great significance for promoting the healthy and efficient development of the poultry industry. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method. In the final liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings prepared by this invention, the crude Astragalus membranaceus extract, cinnamaldehyde, and magnolol exhibit significant synergistic effects.

[0009] The object of this invention is achieved in the following manner: A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts crude Astragalus extract, 5-8 parts cinnamaldehyde, 8-12 parts magnolol, 0.8-1.2 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.5-1 parts sodium citrate. The preparation method of the liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings is as follows: weigh the crude astragalus extract, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the weight parts, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain the liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of the crude Astragalus extract is as follows: Step (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. Step (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, extract with ethyl acetate, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0011] Furthermore, in step (1), the mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:20-25; the conditions for the two reflux extractions are 80-85℃ for 3-3.5 hours and 85℃-90℃ for 2-3 hours, respectively; in step (2), the volume concentration of crude extract in the mixed solution is 15%-20%; the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:60-70, stirring for 30-40 minutes and standing for 20-25 minutes.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts crude astragalus extract, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate. The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:20. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3h and 90℃ for 3h, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 15%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:65, stir for 35 min, let stand for 25 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts crude astragalus extract, 8 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 1.2 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1 part β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate. The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:25. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3h and 85℃ for 3h respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 20%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:70, stir for 30 min, let stand for 20 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts crude astragalus extract, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 12 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.5 parts sodium citrate. The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:20. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 80℃ for 3.5h and 90℃ for 3h, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 15%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:60, stir for 40 min, let stand for 20 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts crude astragalus extract, 5 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 0.8 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 1 part sodium citrate. The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:25. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3 hours and 85℃ for 2 hours, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 20%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:65, stir for 30 min, let stand for 25 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0016] The present invention also provides the application of the liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings in the preparation of drugs for the prevention or treatment of Escherichia coli infection in ducklings.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Literature reports the identification of 30 compounds in Astragalus membranaceus. Among them, Astragalus polysaccharides have immunomodulatory, macrophage-enhancing, and anti-tumor effects. Astragaloside A, in addition to its anti-inflammatory and anesthetic effects, also has sedative effects in the treatment of mental illness. Astragalus flavonoids have strong free radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation-inhibiting properties. Astragalus extract contains various active ingredients, such as flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, polysaccharides, and alkaloids, and has antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus.

[0018] Cinnamaldehyde, a major component of cinnamon essential oil, is a natural monoterpene compound found in thyme, oregano, and pepper. It possesses excellent antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties and is commonly used as an antibacterial agent, food preservative, and feed additive. Cinnamaldehyde can enhance the antibacterial efficacy of antibiotics or reduce the dosage required for treatment, thereby decreasing drug resistance and making it a promising candidate drug for overcoming bacterial resistance.

[0019] Magnolol is a biphenolic compound isolated from the bark of the medicinal herb Magnolia officinalis. In healthy poultry, magnolol has been shown to promote growth, improve meat and egg quality, reduce inflammation, combat oxidative stress, and promote gut health. Literature reports that magnolol can, to some extent, enhance the immune function of Peking ducks infected with Escherichia coli, improve intestinal morphology and barrier function, and protect gut health.

[0020] Animal experiments have shown that the liquid preparation of crude Astragalus extract for ducklings of this invention can effectively shorten the course of disease, enhance the immune function of ducklings, inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli in ducklings, and has a good therapeutic effect on Escherichia coli infection in ducklings. It can be used to treat Escherichia coli infection in ducklings.

[0021] The liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings of this invention has a significantly better therapeutic effect on Escherichia coli infection in ducklings than crude astragalus extract, cinnamaldehyde, and magnolol. Crude astragalus extract, cinnamaldehyde, and magnolol have a significant synergistic effect in treating Escherichia coli infection in ducklings.

[0022] The liquid preparation of crude Astragalus extract for ducklings developed in this invention has better therapeutic effects, providing a better option for the prevention and treatment of Escherichia coli infection in ducklings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 To compare the serum IgG levels in each group with those in the model control group, P <0.05, P <0.01; compared with group 1, # P <0.05, ## P <0.01.

[0024] Figure 2 To compare the serum IgM levels in each group with those in the model control group, P <0.05, P <0.01; compared with group 1, # P <0.05, ## P <0.01.

[0025] Figure 3 To compare the serum IL-2 levels in each group with those in the model control group, P <0.05, P <0.01; compared with group 1, # P <0.05, ## P <0.01.

[0026] Figure 4 To compare the serum IFN-γ levels in each group with those in the model control group, P <0.05, P <0.01; compared with group 1, # P <0.05, ## P <0.01. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention is further illustrated below with experimental examples. It should be understood that the following experimental examples are merely for illustrating the technical solutions and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple improvements to the method under the premise of the overall concept are all within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0028] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0029] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0031] Example 1 A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The ingredients included 50 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0032] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:20. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3h and 90℃ for 3h, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 15%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:65, stir for 35 min, let stand for 25 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0033] Weigh out the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0034] Example 2 A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The composition of the extract included 45 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 8 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 1.2 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1 part β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0035] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:25. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3h and 85℃ for 3h respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 20%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:70, stir for 30 min, let stand for 20 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0036] Weigh out the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0037] Example 3 A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The ingredients included 50 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 12 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.5 parts sodium citrate.

[0038] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:20. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 80℃ for 3.5h and 90℃ for 3h, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 15%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:60, stir for 40 min, let stand for 20 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0039] Weigh out the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0040] Example 4 A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The ingredients included 55 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 5 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 0.8 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 1 part sodium citrate.

[0041] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:25. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3 hours and 85℃ for 2 hours, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 20%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:65, stir for 30 min, let stand for 25 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0042] Weigh out the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0043] Example 5 A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The composition of the extract included 45 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 12 parts magnolol, 0.8 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0044] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:20. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 80℃ for 3h and 90℃ for 3h respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 20%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:70, stir for 35 min, let stand for 20 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0045] Weigh out the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0046] Example 6 A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The ingredients included 50 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 5 parts cinnamaldehyde, 8 parts magnolol, 1 part castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 1 part sodium citrate.

[0047] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:25. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3.5h and 85℃ for 2.5h respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 15%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:65, stir for 30 min, let stand for 25 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0048] Weigh out the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0049] Example 7 A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The ingredients included 50 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 8 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0050] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:20. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3h and 90℃ for 3h, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 15%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:65, stir for 35 min, let stand for 25 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0051] Weigh out the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0052] Example 8 A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The composition included 55 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 8 parts magnolol, 1 part castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.5 parts sodium citrate.

[0053] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:25. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3h and 85℃ for 3h respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 20%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:70, stir for 30 min, let stand for 20 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0054] Weigh out the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0055] Example 9 A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The composition of the extract included 45 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 8 parts cinnamaldehyde, 12 parts magnolol, 0.8 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1 part β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0056] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:25. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3h and 85℃ for 3h respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 20%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:70, stir for 30 min, let stand for 20 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0057] Weigh out the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0058] Comparative Example 1 A liquid preparation for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The ingredients included 50 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 16 parts cinnamaldehyde, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0059] Compared to Example 1, the difference is that it does not contain magnolol, and its dosage is increased to cinnamaldehyde.

[0060] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 2 A liquid preparation for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The ingredients included 50 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 16 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0062] Compared to Example 1, the difference is that it does not contain cinnamaldehyde, and its amount is increased to honokiol.

[0063] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 3 A liquid preparation for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The composition included 35 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 13 parts cinnamaldehyde, 18 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0065] Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in changing the amount of Astragalus crude extract, cinnamaldehyde, and magnolol.

[0066] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 4 A liquid preparation for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The ingredients included 50 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0068] Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in the change of the preparation method of Astragalus crude extract.

[0069] The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: Astragalus membranaceus slices are added to 75% ethanol solution and refluxed twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:20. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3 hours and 90℃ for 3 hours, respectively. The extracts are combined to obtain ethanol extract, which is concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. Weigh out the crude extract of the extract, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the stated weight, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain a liquid preparation of crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus for ducklings.

[0070] Comparative Example 5 A liquid preparation for ducklings and its preparation method are as follows: The ingredients included 50 parts crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 1 part propylene glycol, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate.

[0071] Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in changing the cosolvent, replacing castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 with propylene glycol.

[0072] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0073] Efficacy Study of the Liquid Formulation of Astragalus Crude Extract of the Present Invention on Escherichia coli Infection in Ducklings (Example) Ninety ducklings with no significant difference in weight at 1 day old were selected and randomly divided into nine groups: model control group, drug administration group 1, drug administration group 2, drug administration group 3, drug administration group 4, drug administration group 5, drug administration group 6, drug administration group 7, and drug administration group 8, with 10 ducklings in each group. The feeding methods and environments of each group were the same.

[0074] Starting at 3 days old, the model control group had free access to sterilized water, while each treatment group began oral administration, twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, for 3 consecutive days.

[0075] At 6 days of age, each duckling in the model control group and each treatment group was administered 3.26 × 10⁻⁶ gavage. 8E. coli culture at CFU / mL was used for challenge. After challenge, the model control group and each treated group continued to receive medication until the end of the experiment. Administered medication according to the pre-designed dosage and administration method for each treated group and control group, all ducklings were treated continuously for 10 days.

[0076] Groups 1-3 were administered the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus in liquid form, as described in Examples 1-3, by gavage, dissolved in 5 mL of drinking water at a dosage of 150 mg / mL.

[0077] Groups 4 through 8 were administered the liquid formulation, which was prepared by gavage according to Comparative Examples 1 through 5, at a dose of 150 mg / mL, and dissolved in 5 mL of drinking water.

[0078] The model control group was given 5 mL of drinking water orally.

[0079] During the experiment, ducklings were defined as sick when they showed clinical symptoms of E. coli. Ducks infected with E. coli often exhibited lethargy, decreased or absent appetite, diarrhea (passing yellow-green or grayish-white watery feces), difficulty breathing, and sticky discharge from the eyes and nose.

[0080] During the experiment, the condition of the ducklings was observed daily, and mortality and pathological changes were recorded.

[0081] Test index determination After the administration was completed, blood was collected from the hearts of each group of ducklings to separate serum. The levels of IgG, IgM, IL-2, and IFN-γ in the serum were detected using an ELISA kit.

[0082] Cecal contents were collected, diluted, and inoculated. After culture, E. coli colony counts were performed to detect the number of E. coli in ducklings.

[0083] Results Analysis Duration of symptoms As shown in Table 1, compared with the model control group, the duration of symptoms in ducklings in each treatment group was significantly shortened. The duration of symptoms in ducklings in treatment group 1 was significantly shorter than that in treatment groups 4-8.

[0084] Table 1. Effect of the liquid formulation of the present invention on the duration of symptoms in ducklings. Note: Compared with the model control group, P <0.05, P <0.01; compared with group 1, # P <0.05, ## P <0.01.

[0085] Changes in immune indicators As shown in Table 2, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, compared with the model control group, the serum IgG and IgM levels in each treatment group were significantly increased. The serum IgG and IgM levels in treatment group 1 were significantly higher than those in treatment groups 4-8.

[0086] Compared with the model control group, the serum levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ were significantly increased in all treatment groups. The serum levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in treatment group 1 were significantly higher than those in treatment groups 4-8.

[0087] This indicates that the liquid preparation of crude Astragalus extract for ducklings of the present invention can effectively enhance the immune function of ducklings.

[0088] Table 2. Effects of the liquid formulation of this invention on serum immune indicators in ducklings. Note: Compared with the model control group, P <0.05, P <0.01; compared with group 1, # P <0.05, ## P <0.01.

[0089] The number of E. coli in ducklings As shown in Table 3, compared with the model control group, the number of Escherichia coli in ducklings in each treatment group was significantly reduced. The number of Escherichia coli in ducklings in treatment group 1 was significantly lower than that in treatment groups 4-8.

[0090] Table 3. Effects of the liquid formulation of this invention on the number of Escherichia coli in ducklings. Note: Compared with the model control group, P <0.05, P <0.01; compared with group 1, # P <0.05, ## P <0.01.

[0091] Compared to Example 1 of the present invention, Comparative Example 1 did not contain magnolol, but its dosage was increased to cinnamaldehyde, resulting in a significantly weakened therapeutic effect on Escherichia coli infection in ducklings. Comparative Example 2, compared to Example 1 of the present invention, did not contain cinnamaldehyde, but its dosage was increased to magnolol, resulting in a significantly weakened therapeutic effect on Escherichia coli infection in ducklings. Comparative Example 3, compared to Example 1 of the present invention, changed the dosages of Astragalus crude extract, cinnamaldehyde, and magnolol, resulting in a significantly weakened therapeutic effect on Escherichia coli infection in ducklings. Comparative Example 4 differed from Example 1 in that the preparation method of Astragalus crude extract was changed; Comparative Example 4 showed a significantly worse therapeutic effect on Escherichia coli infection in ducklings than Example 1. Therefore, the combination of Astragalus crude extract, cinnamaldehyde, and magnolol has specific characteristics; only when these three components are combined in a specific ratio can they better treat Escherichia coli infection in ducklings.

[0092] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that propylene glycol is used instead of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40. The therapeutic effect of Comparative Example 5 on Escherichia coli infection in ducklings is significantly worse than that of Example 1. Changing the type of solubilizer will affect the dissolution of the active ingredient, resulting in a poorer therapeutic effect.

[0093] This invention provides a liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings. The formulation is reasonable, and the ingredients work synergistically to make the efficacy and function more comprehensive. The crude astragalus extract, cinnamaldehyde, and magnolol have played a significant synergistic role in treating Escherichia coli infection in ducklings.

[0094] The liquid preparation of crude Astragalus extract for ducklings of this invention can effectively shorten the course of disease, enhance the immune function of ducklings, inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli in ducklings, and has a good therapeutic effect on Escherichia coli infection in ducklings. It can be used to treat Escherichia coli infection in ducklings.

[0095] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings, characterized in that, The liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts crude astragalus extract, 5-8 parts cinnamaldehyde, 8-12 parts magnolol, 0.8-1.2 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.5-1 parts sodium citrate. The preparation method of the liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings is as follows: weigh out the crude astragalus extract, cinnamaldehyde, magnolol and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 40 according to the weight parts, mix them, stir evenly, add β-cyclodextrin and sodium citrate in sequence, mix and stir evenly to obtain the liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings.

2. The liquid preparation of Astragalus membranaceus crude extract for ducklings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: Step (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. Step (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, extract with ethyl acetate, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

3. The liquid preparation of Astragalus membranaceus crude extract for ducklings according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:20-25; the conditions for the two reflux extractions are 80-85℃ for 3-3.5 hours and 85℃-90℃ for 2-3 hours, respectively.

4. The liquid preparation of Astragalus membranaceus crude extract for ducklings according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the volume concentration of crude extract in the mixed solution is 15%-20%; the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:60-70; the mixture is stirred for 30-40 minutes and allowed to stand for 20-25 minutes.

5. The liquid preparation of Astragalus membranaceus crude extract for ducklings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts crude astragalus extract, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate. The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:

20. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3h and 90℃ for 3h, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 15%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:65, stir for 35 min, let stand for 25 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

6. The liquid preparation of Astragalus membranaceus crude extract for ducklings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts crude astragalus extract, 8 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 1.2 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1 part β-cyclodextrin, and 0.8 parts sodium citrate. The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:

25. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3h and 85℃ for 3h respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 20%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:70, stir for 30 min, let stand for 20 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

7. The liquid preparation of Astragalus membranaceus crude extract for ducklings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts crude astragalus extract, 6 parts cinnamaldehyde, 12 parts magnolol, 40 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 0.5 parts sodium citrate. The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:

20. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 80℃ for 3.5h and 90℃ for 3h, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 15%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:60, stir for 40 min, let stand for 20 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

8. The liquid preparation of Astragalus membranaceus crude extract for ducklings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid preparation of crude astragalus extract for ducklings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts crude astragalus extract, 5 parts cinnamaldehyde, 10 parts magnolol, 0.8 parts castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts β-cyclodextrin, and 1 part sodium citrate. The preparation method of the crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus is as follows: (1) Take Astragalus membranaceus slices and add 75% ethanol solution for reflux extraction twice. The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus to ethanol solution is 1:

25. The conditions for the two reflux extractions are 85℃ for 3 hours and 85℃ for 2 hours, respectively. Combine the extracts to obtain ethanol extract, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of extract. (2) Dissolve the crude extract of the extract in water to obtain a mixed solution, and adjust the volume concentration of the crude extract in the mixed solution to 20%; extract with ethyl acetate, wherein the mass ratio of ethyl acetate to the mixed solution is 1:65, stir for 30 min, let stand for 25 min, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus.

9. The liquid preparation of Astragalus membranaceus crude extract for ducklings according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The application of the liquid preparation of crude Astragalus membranaceus extract for ducklings in the preparation of drugs for the prevention or treatment of Escherichia coli infection in ducklings.

Images