High performance universal pneumatic conveying device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of pneumatic conveying equipment technology, and discloses a high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device, comprising: a Roots blower, a feeding pipe connected to the outlet of the Roots blower, a feeder for uniform feeding arranged sequentially along the pipe laying direction, a conveying pipe for conveying materials, and a separation component for separating and filtering materials; it also includes: a spare pipe arranged side by side on one side of the conveying pipe, and a quick-change unit provided at the bottom of the conveying pipe and the spare pipe. This invention, by setting up a spare pipe and a quick-change unit, realizes the rapid alternation between the conveying pipe and the spare pipe, ensuring the continuity of equipment operation and improving equipment efficiency. When the conveying pipe experiences wear, blockage, or rupture, there is no need for cumbersome manual pipe disassembly and installation operations; the quick-change unit and the installation unit work together through a linkage unit to complete the pipe switching in a short time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pneumatic conveying equipment technology, specifically a high-performance general-purpose pneumatic conveying device. Background Technology

[0002] Pneumatic conveying devices are equipment that use gas as a conveying medium to transport solid particles or powders from one location to another. Such devices include a piping system and a source of compressed air or other gas. By controlling the flow of gas, solid particles or powders can be transported along the pipeline to the target location. Pneumatic conveying devices are generally simple, efficient, and flexible, and therefore have been widely used in industrial production.

[0003] In existing pneumatic conveying systems, the conveying pipeline, as the core channel for material transport, is prone to wear, blockage, and even rupture due to friction, impact, and potential corrosion from materials during long-term operation. Once a pipeline malfunctions, it often requires shutdown for disassembly and replacement, which not only disrupts production, impacts efficiency, and increases downtime costs, but also results in more severe losses for processes with high continuity requirements. Furthermore, traditional pipeline replacement methods typically require manual loosening and tightening of bolts on the flanges at both ends of the pipeline, which is cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, and may cause secondary damage to the pipeline or other components due to improper operation during the replacement process. Therefore, we propose a high-performance, universal pneumatic conveying device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-performance, universal pneumatic conveying device to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that traditional pneumatic conveying devices need to be shut down for replacement due to pipeline failure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-performance general-purpose pneumatic conveying device includes: a Roots blower, a feeding pipe connected to the outlet of the Roots blower, a feeder for uniform feeding arranged sequentially along the pipe laying direction, a conveying pipe for conveying materials, and a separation component for separating and filtering materials; it also includes: a spare pipe arranged side by side on one side of the conveying pipe, and quick-change units provided at the bottom of the conveying pipe and the spare pipe, the quick-change units being used to alternately replace the conveying pipe and the spare pipe; mounting units are installed at the end of the feeding pipe away from the Roots blower and the feed pipe of the separation component, and annular mounting plates that connect to the mounting units are fixed at both ends of the conveying pipe and the spare pipe; a support plate is fixed to one side of the bottom of the Roots blower, and a linkage unit is drivingly connected between the mounting unit and the quick-change unit.

[0006] Preferably, the quick-change unit includes a movable plate, with movable plates provided below both ends of the conveying pipe and the spare pipe. Two push racks are symmetrically fixed at the bottom of the movable plate, and a speed-increasing transmission component is driven to the bottom of the push rack. The input end of the speed-increasing transmission component is driven to the linkage unit. A connecting plate is fixedly connected between the two movable plates, and multiple sliders are uniformly fixed on the inner side of the connecting plate. A guide rail adapted to the sliders is fixed on the outer wall of the support plate.

[0007] Preferably, the linkage unit includes a stepper motor, which is fixedly connected to the support plate via a motor fixing plate. An incomplete gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor. A transmission gear one is meshed with the bottom of the incomplete gear, and a transmission gear two is meshed with one side of the incomplete gear. A shaft one is fixed inside the central hole of the transmission gear one. The input end of the speed-increasing transmission component is drivenly connected to the shaft one. A shaft two is fixed inside the central hole of the transmission gear two. Both shaft one and shaft two are rotatably connected to the support plate via bearing seats. A transmission gear three is fixed to the end of shaft two away from the transmission gear two, and the transmission gear three is drivenly connected to the input end of the mounting unit.

[0008] Preferably, the speed-increasing transmission component includes a transmission gear four fixedly sleeved with the shaft one, a transmission gear five meshing with the upper side of the transmission gear four, a transmission gear six meshing with the upper side of the transmission gear five, and the transmission gear six meshing with the push gear. The diameters of the transmission gear four, transmission gear five, and transmission gear six are distributed in a decreasing order. Each of the transmission gear four, transmission gear five, and transmission gear six is ​​symmetrically arranged in two sets. The two sets of transmission gear five and the two sets of transmission gear six are connected by a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support plate through a bearing seat.

[0009] Preferably, the installation unit includes a connecting pipe head, and both the connecting pipe head and the annular mounting plate have four sets of positioning holes. A limiting block is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting pipe head away from the annular mounting plate. A sleeve is rotatably connected to the limiting block through a bearing. The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a reciprocating thread groove. A moving block is threadedly connected to the sleeve through the reciprocating thread groove. A positioning pin is fixed to one end of the moving block. The positioning pin is adapted to the positioning hole. A transmission gear seven is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, there are four sets of transmission gears seven evenly distributed, and the four sets of transmission gears seven mesh with an external gear ring. The inner side of the external gear ring is rotatably connected to a limiting ring, and the limiting ring is fixedly sleeved with the connecting pipe head. The transmission gear seven located at the bottom meshes with the transmission gear three.

[0011] Preferably, an end block is fixed to the end of the sleeve away from the movable block, and a compression spring is fixedly connected between the end block and the movable block.

[0012] Preferably, both sides of the conveying pipe and the spare pipe are fixedly fitted with pipe clamps, and multiple pipe clamps are evenly distributed along the pipe laying direction. The bottom end of the pipe clamp is fixed to the top of the moving plate by a screw.

[0013] Preferably, a conical rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the contact surface between the connecting pipe head and the annular mounting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the separation assembly includes a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the outlet of the conveying pipe or the backup pipe. The bottom of the cyclone separator is provided with a pneumatic discharge valve, and the top outlet is connected to the inlet of the bag filter through a connecting pipe.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention enables rapid alternation between the delivery pipeline and the backup pipeline by setting up a backup pipeline and a quick-change unit, ensuring the continuity of equipment operation and improving equipment efficiency. When the delivery pipeline experiences wear, blockage, or rupture, there is no need for tedious manual pipeline disassembly and installation operations. The quick-change unit and the installation unit work together through the linkage unit to complete the pipeline switching in a short time.

[0016] This invention also reduces system energy consumption through fluidized conveying technology, solves the problem of easy pipe blockage by viscous materials through anti-clogging pipe design, and significantly improves the service life of key components through wear-resistant ceramic composite technology, making it particularly suitable for continuous conveying scenarios of highly abrasive, highly viscous or fine powder materials. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial front view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the speed-increasing transmission component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage unit of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation unit of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve and the movable block of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting pipe head and the annular mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the various states of the delivery pipeline and the backup pipeline during the exchange process.

[0018] The components represented by each number in the attached diagram are listed below: 1. Roots blower; 101. Feed pipe; 102. Feeder; 103. Conveying pipe; 2. Separation assembly; 201. Cyclone separator; 202. Bag filter; 3. Backup pipe; 4. Quick-change unit; 401. Moving plate; 402. Push rack; 403. Speed-increasing transmission component; 4031. Transmission gear four; 4032. Transmission gear five; 4033. Transmission gear six; 404. Connecting plate; 405. Slider; 406. Guide rail; 5. Mounting unit; 501. 502. Connecting pipe end; 503. Positioning hole; 504. Limiting block; 505. Sleeve; 506. Moving block; 507. Positioning pin; 508. Transmission gear seven; 509. External gear ring; 5010. Limiting ring; 5011. End block; 5012. Compression spring; 6. Annular mounting plate; 7. Support plate; 8. Linkage unit; 801. Stepper motor; 802. Incomplete gear; 803. Transmission gear one; 804. Transmission gear two; 805. Shaft one; 806. Shaft two; 807. Transmission gear three; 9. Pipe clamp; 10. Conical rubber sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-9 The high-performance general-purpose pneumatic conveying device shown in the figure includes: a Roots blower 1, a feeding pipe 101 connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 1, a feeder 102 for uniform feeding arranged sequentially along the pipe laying direction, a conveying pipe 103 for conveying materials, and a separation component 2 for separating and filtering materials. The feeder 102 has its inlet connected to an external silo. Inside, a rotating impeller feeds materials uniformly and quantitatively into the feeding pipe 101, where they mix with the high-speed airflow generated by the Roots blower 1 to form a gas-solid two-phase flow. Through this special airflow distribution design, uniform suspension conveying of fine powder materials such as fly ash is achieved, reducing energy consumption. It also includes: a spare pipe 3 arranged side by side on one side of the conveying pipe 103, and a quick-change unit 4 at the bottom of the conveying pipe 103 and the spare pipe 3. The quick-change unit 4 is used to alternate the use of the conveying pipe 103 and the spare pipe 3. When the conveying pipe 103 fails, the quick-change unit 4 can quickly switch the spare pipe 3 to the working position to ensure that the material conveying is not interrupted. The end of the feeding pipe 101 away from the Roots blower 1 and the feed pipe of the separation component 2 are both equipped with installation units 5. Both ends of the conveying pipe 103 and the spare pipe 3 are fixed with annular mounting plates 6 that are connected to the installation units 5. The end face of the annular mounting plate 6 is in contact with the connecting pipe head 501 of the installation unit 5. The installation units 5 enable quick connection and fixation of the pipes. The support plate 7 is fixed to one side of the bottom of the Roots blower 1. The installation unit 5 and the quick-change unit 4 are connected by a linkage unit 8. The linkage unit 8 provides power and coordinated control for the movement of the quick-change unit 4 and the installation unit 5, ensuring the synchronicity and accuracy of their movements.

[0021] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The quick-change unit 4 includes a moving plate 401. Moving plates 401 are provided below both ends of the conveying pipe 103 and the spare pipe 3. Two push racks 402 are symmetrically fixed at the bottom of the moving plate 401. The bottom of the push racks 402 is connected to a speed-increasing transmission component 403. The input end of the speed-increasing transmission component 403 is connected to the linkage unit 8. A connecting plate 404 is fixedly connected between the two moving plates 401. Multiple sliders 405 are evenly fixed on the inner side of the connecting plate 404. A guide rail 406 adapted to the sliders 405 is fixed on the outer wall of the support plate 7.

[0022] Specifically, when the linkage unit 8 drives the speed-increasing transmission component 403 to move, the speed-increasing transmission component 403 drives the rack 402 to move horizontally, thereby driving the moving plate 401 to move synchronously. At this time, the slider 405 slides in the guide rail 406, providing guidance and support for the movement of the moving plate 401, ensuring that the conveying pipe 103 and the backup pipe 3 can switch positions smoothly and accurately.

[0023] Among them, see Figure 4The speed-increasing transmission component 403 includes a transmission gear 4031 fixedly sleeved with shaft 805. A transmission gear 4032 is meshed on the upper side of the transmission gear 4031. A transmission gear 4033 is meshed on the upper side of the transmission gear 4032. The transmission gear 4033 meshes with the push rack 402. The diameters of the transmission gears 4031, 4032, and 4033 decrease in that order. Two sets of each of the transmission gears 4031, 4032, and 4033 are symmetrically arranged. The two sets of transmission gears 4032 and 6033 are connected by a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support plate 7 through a bearing seat.

[0024] Specifically, since the diameters of transmission gears 4031, 4032, and 4033 decrease sequentially, when shaft 805 drives transmission gear 4031 to rotate, the rotational speed is progressively increased through gear meshing. This allows the rack 402 to achieve a faster movement speed, shortening the pipeline switching time. The two symmetrically arranged speed-increasing transmission components 403 drive the two racks 402 respectively, ensuring uniform force on the moving plate 401 and preventing jamming or deviation during movement.

[0025] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 The linkage unit 8 includes a stepper motor 801, which is fixedly connected to the support plate 7 via a motor fixing plate. An incomplete gear 802 is fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor 801. A transmission gear 803 is meshed with the bottom of the incomplete gear 802, and a transmission gear 804 is also meshed with one side of the incomplete gear 802. A shaft 805 is fixed in the middle hole of the transmission gear 803. The input end of the speed-increasing transmission component 403 is connected to the shaft 805. A shaft 806 is fixed in the middle hole of the transmission gear 804. Both shafts 805 and 806 are rotatably connected to the support plate 7 via bearing seats. A transmission gear 807 is fixed at the end of shaft 806 away from the transmission gear 804. The transmission gear 807 is connected to the input end of the mounting unit 5.

[0026] Specifically, the stepper motor 801 serves as the power source, and its output drives the incomplete gear 802 to rotate. When the teeth of the incomplete gear 802 mesh with the first transmission gear 803, the first transmission gear 803 drives the speed-increasing transmission component 403 through the first shaft 805, thereby driving the moving plate 401 of the quick-change unit 4 to move, realizing the position switching between the conveying pipe 103 and the standby pipe 3. When the incomplete gear 802 rotates to the point where its teeth mesh with the second transmission gear 804, the second transmission gear 804 drives the third transmission gear 807 to rotate through the second shaft 806, thereby driving the installation unit 5 to move, completing the docking and fixing of the pipes. Through the intermittent meshing of the incomplete gear 802, the quick-change unit 4 and the installation unit 5 are moved in an orderly manner, ensuring the automation and continuity of the pipe switching process.

[0027] The principle of switching the position of the delivery pipe 103 and the backup pipe 3 is as follows: When it is necessary to switch pipes, the stepper motor 801 starts and drives the incomplete gear 802 to rotate counterclockwise by one-quarter turn. The incomplete gear 802 has mutually symmetrical quarter-circle teeth. In the initial state, neither of the two segments of teeth of the incomplete gear 802 is in contact with the transmission gear 2 804 and the transmission gear 1 803. As the incomplete gear 802 rotates, its teeth first mesh with the second transmission gear 804. At this time, the second transmission gear 804 begins to rotate under the drive of the incomplete gear 802, thereby driving the installation unit 5 to disassemble and automatically separate the pipe. After separation, the stepper motor 801 drives the incomplete gear 802 to rotate counterclockwise by a quarter turn. The teeth of the incomplete gear 802 will mesh with the first transmission gear 803, but not with the second transmission gear 804. At this time, the first transmission gear 803 transmits power to the fourth transmission gear 4031 in the speed-increasing transmission component 403 through the first shaft 805. The fourth transmission gear 4031 meshes with the fifth transmission gear 4032. Due to the diameter of the fourth transmission gear 4031... The transmission gear 4032 has a higher rotational speed than the transmission gear 4031. Then, the transmission gear 4032 drives the transmission gear 4033, which meshes with it, to rotate. The diameter of the transmission gear 4033 is further reduced, and the rotational speed is further increased. The transmission gear 4033 meshes with the push rack 402. The high-speed rotating transmission gear 4033 drives the push rack 402 to move in the horizontal direction. The push rack 402 is fixed at the bottom of the moving plate 401, so the moving plate 401 moves accordingly. At the same time, the connecting plate 404 drives another moving plate 401 to move synchronously. The slider 405 slides smoothly in the guide rail 406 to support and guide the conveying pipe 103 and the spare pipe 3. When the moving plate 401 moves to the preset position, that is, when the annular mounting plate 6 of the spare pipe 3 is aligned with the connecting pipe head 501 of the mounting unit 5, the incomplete gear 802 rotates until one section of its teeth disengages from the first transmission gear 803 and the other section of its teeth disengages from the second transmission gear 804. At this point, the movement of the quick-change unit 4 stops, completing the initial position switching of the pipe. Subsequently, the stepper motor 801 drives the incomplete gear 802 to continue rotating counterclockwise by a quarter turn. At this time, the teeth on the incomplete gear 802 will drive the mounting unit 5 to work in the reverse process described above, and then drive the mounting unit 5 to fix the spare pipe 3, thereby completing the entire pipe switching process.

[0028] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4Both sides of the conveying pipe 103 and the spare pipe 3 are fixedly fitted with pipe clamps 9. Multiple pipe clamps 9 are evenly distributed along the pipe laying direction. The bottom end of the pipe clamp 9 is fixed to the top of the moving plate 401 by a screw. Through the cooperation of the pipe clamp 9 and the screw, the conveying pipe 103 and the spare pipe 3 are firmly fixed on the moving plate 401, ensuring that the pipe will not shake or shift during the movement. At the same time, the evenly distributed pipe clamps 9 can distribute the weight of the pipe and avoid excessive local stress that could cause the pipe to deform or be damaged.

[0029] Example 2 Please see Figure 6 — Figure 8 This embodiment further explains Example 1, with the difference being that the installation method of the delivery pipe 103 and the backup pipe 3 has been optimized.

[0030] Specifically, the installation unit 5 includes a connecting pipe head 501. Both the connecting pipe head 501 and the annular mounting plate 6 have four sets of positioning holes 502. A limiting block 503 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting pipe head 501 away from the annular mounting plate 6. A sleeve 504 is rotatably connected to the limiting block 503 through a bearing. The inner wall of the sleeve 504 is provided with a reciprocating thread groove. A moving block 505 is threadedly connected to the sleeve 504 through the reciprocating thread groove. A positioning pin 506 is fixed to one end of the moving block 505. The positioning pin 506 is adapted to the positioning hole 502. A transmission gear 507 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve 504.

[0031] Specifically, when the transmission gear 507 drives the sleeve 504 to rotate, the reciprocating threaded groove on the inner wall of the sleeve 504 drives the moving block 505 to move axially, thereby causing the positioning pin 506 to insert into or retract from the positioning hole 502 on the annular mounting plate 6. When the positioning pin 506 is inserted into the positioning hole 502, a fixed connection is achieved between the connecting pipe head 501 and the annular mounting plate 6; when the positioning pin 506 is retracted from the positioning hole 502, the two separate. The limiting block 503 limits the rotation of the sleeve 504, preventing it from moving axially.

[0032] It should be noted that when the conveying pipe 103 is disassembled first, the moving block 505 inside the sleeve 504 moves to the furthest point away from the positioning hole 502 during this process. Then, the quick-change unit 4 drives the conveying pipe 103 and the spare pipe 3 to exchange positions. After the exchange is completed, the sleeve 504 rotates again. Due to the presence of the reciprocating thread groove inside the sleeve 504, the sleeve 504 will drive the moving block 505 to move towards the positioning hole 502 again when it continues to rotate, until the four sets of positioning pins 506 re-enter the positioning hole 502 to fix the annular mounting plate 6 and the connecting pipe head 501 again.

[0033] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6There are four sets of transmission gears 507 evenly distributed. The four sets of transmission gears 507 mesh together with an external gear ring 508. The inner side of the external gear ring 508 is rotatably connected to a limit ring 509. The limit ring 509 is fixedly sleeved with the connecting pipe head 501. The transmission gear 507 located at the bottom meshes with the transmission gear 807.

[0034] Specifically, transmission gear 3 807 rotates under the drive of linkage unit 8, which in turn drives transmission gear 7 507, which meshes with it, to rotate. Transmission gear 7 507 drives the other three sets of transmission gear 7 507 to rotate synchronously through external gear ring 508, ensuring that the four sleeves 504 move simultaneously, so that the positioning pin 506 can be inserted into or withdrawn from the positioning hole 502 synchronously, ensuring the stability and synchronicity of the connection. Limiting ring 509 provides support and limits to external gear ring 508, allowing it to rotate only around the axis of connecting pipe head 501.

[0035] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7 An end block 5010 is fixed to the end of the sleeve 504 away from the moving block 505. A compression spring 5011 is fixedly connected between the end block 5010 and the moving block 505. The compression spring 5011 provides a certain preload to the moving block 505. When the positioning pin 506 is inserted into the positioning hole 502, the compression spring 5011 is in a compressed state, which can effectively prevent the positioning pin 506 from loosening or dislodging due to vibration during equipment operation, thus improving the reliability of the connection. At the same time, during the movement of the positioning pin 506, the axial elastic force applied by the compression spring 5011 can prevent the positioning pin 506 from rotating with the rotation of the sleeve 504.

[0036] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 8 A conical rubber sleeve 10 is fixedly connected to the contact surface of the connecting pipe head 501 and the annular mounting plate 6. The conical rubber sleeve 10 has good elasticity and sealing performance. When the connecting pipe head 501 is connected to the annular mounting plate 6, the conical rubber sleeve 10 is squeezed and deformed, which can effectively fill the gap between the two and prevent leakage of gas-solid two-phase flow during transportation. At the same time, it can also play a certain buffering role and reduce the impact force during docking.

[0037] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The separation component 2 includes a cyclone separator 201 and a bag filter 202. The inlet of the cyclone separator 201 is connected to the outlet of the conveying pipe 103 or the backup pipe 3. The bottom of the cyclone separator 201 is equipped with a pneumatic discharge valve, and the top outlet is connected to the inlet of the bag filter 202 through a connecting pipe.

[0038] Specifically, the gas-solid two-phase flow first enters the cyclone separator 201. Under the action of centrifugal force, most of the larger particles are separated and settle to the bottom of the cyclone separator 201, and are periodically discharged through the pneumatic discharge valve. The airflow containing a small amount of fine dust enters the bag filter 202 from the top of the cyclone separator 201. After being filtered by the filter bags, clean air is discharged, thus achieving the separation and collection of materials and the protection of the environment.

[0039] It should be noted that both the conveying pipeline 103 and the backup pipeline 3 in the above scheme adopt a special internal surface treatment process and a variable diameter pipeline structure, which can solve the problem of blockage in the conveying of viscous materials such as limestone.

[0040] In addition, a flow equalization plate can be installed inside the feeder 102. The flow equalization plate has circular through holes distributed in concentric circles, with the hole diameter gradually increasing from the center to the outer periphery. After the airflow passes through the flow equalization plate, a velocity gradient is formed, which is fully mixed with the fly ash and other fine powder materials supplied by the rotating impeller in the mixing chamber, so that the material particles remain suspended in the conveying airflow and avoid deposition at the bottom of the pipe.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, the inner walls of the conveying pipe 103 and the backup pipe 3 can be roughened by sandblasting, and then an anti-stick coating can be formed by impregnation and sintering with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The coating thickness is 30~50 μm and the coefficient of friction is ≤0.10. For conveying highly viscous limestone powder, this coating can effectively reduce the adhesion of the material to the pipe wall and prevent the powder from gradually accumulating.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, a gradually expanding section can be installed every 3 to 5 meters along the conveying direction of the pipeline. The length of the expanding section is 1.2 to 1.5 times the pipe diameter, and the diameter expansion ratio is 1.1 to 1.3 times. Then, the diameter gradually shrinks back to the original diameter in the same proportion. When the gas-solid two-phase flow passes through the expanding section, the flow velocity decreases, and some of the material adhering to the pipe wall falls off under the influence of gravity and airflow disturbance. When passing through the shrinking section, the flow velocity recovers, generating local impact, which further removes the residual adhering layer. A rounded transition is used between the changing diameter section and the straight pipe section to avoid dead corners where material accumulates.

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, the surface of the rotating impeller blades of the feeder 102, the bend area of ​​the inner wall of the conveying pipe 103, and the inner wall of the feed inlet of the separation component 2 are all coated with an alumina ceramic composite coating. The preparation process is as follows: After the substrate is roughened by sandblasting, a ceramic layer is deposited by plasma spraying, with a coating thickness of 0.3~0.6 mm; An epoxy resin sealant is then applied to the surface of the coating to seal the micropores and prevent corrosive media from penetrating.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device, comprising: The components include a Roots blower (1), a feeding pipe (101) connected to the outlet of the Roots blower (1), a feeder (102) for uniform feeding arranged in sequence along the pipe laying direction, a conveying pipe (103) for conveying materials, and a separation component (2) for separating and filtering materials. Its characteristic is that it further includes: A spare pipe (3) is arranged side by side on one side of the conveying pipe (103). The bottom of the conveying pipe (103) and the spare pipe (3) are provided with a quick-change unit (4). The quick-change unit (4) is used to alternately replace the conveying pipe (103) and the spare pipe (3). The feeding pipe (101) at the end away from the Roots blower (1) and the feed pipe of the separation component (2) are both equipped with mounting units (5). Both ends of the conveying pipe (103) and the spare pipe (3) are fixed with annular mounting plates (6) that are connected to the mounting units (5). A support plate (7) is fixed to one side of the bottom of the Roots blower (1), and a linkage unit (8) is connected between the installation unit (5) and the quick-change unit (4).

2. A high performance general purpose pneumatic conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-change unit (4) includes a moving plate (401). The moving plate (401) is provided below both ends of the conveying pipe (103) and the spare pipe (3). Two push racks (402) are symmetrically fixed at the bottom of the moving plate (401). The bottom of the push rack (402) is connected to a speed-increasing transmission component (403). The input end of the speed-increasing transmission component (403) is connected to the linkage unit (8). A connecting plate (404) is fixedly connected between the two moving plates (401). Multiple sliders (405) are evenly fixed on the inner side of the connecting plate (404). A guide rail (406) adapted to the slider (405) is fixed on the outer wall of the support plate (7).

3. The high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage unit (8) includes a stepper motor (801), which is fixedly connected to the support plate (7) via a motor fixing plate. An incomplete gear (802) is fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor (801). A transmission gear one (803) is meshed with the bottom of the incomplete gear (802), and a transmission gear two (804) is also meshed with one side of the incomplete gear (802). A shaft one (804) is fixed in the middle hole of the transmission gear one (803). 5) The input end of the speed-increasing transmission component (403) is connected to the shaft one (805) for transmission. The shaft two (806) is fixed in the middle hole of the transmission gear two (804). The shaft one (805) and the shaft two (806) are rotatably connected to the support plate (7) through bearing seats. The end of the shaft two (806) away from the transmission gear two (804) is fixed with the transmission gear three (807). The transmission gear three (807) is connected to the input end of the mounting unit (5) for transmission.

4. The high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The speed-increasing transmission component (403) includes a transmission gear four (4031) fixedly sleeved with the shaft one (805). The upper side of the transmission gear four (4031) is meshed with a transmission gear five (4032), and the upper side of the transmission gear five (4032) is meshed with a transmission gear six (4033). The transmission gear six (4033) is meshed with the push rack (402). The diameters of the transmission gear four (4031), the transmission gear five (4032), and the transmission gear six (4033) are distributed in a decreasing order. The transmission gear four (4031), the transmission gear five (4032), and the transmission gear six (4033) are symmetrically arranged in two sets. The two sets of transmission gear five (4032) and the two sets of transmission gear six (4033) are connected by a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support plate (7) through a bearing seat.

5. A high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation unit (5) includes a connecting pipe head (501). Both the connecting pipe head (501) and the annular mounting plate (6) are provided with four sets of positioning holes (502). A limiting block (503) is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting pipe head (501) away from the annular mounting plate (6). A sleeve (504) is rotatably connected to the limiting block (503) through a bearing. The inner wall of the sleeve (504) is provided with a reciprocating thread groove. A moving block (505) is threadedly connected to the sleeve (504) through the reciprocating thread groove. A positioning pin (506) is fixed at one end of the moving block (505). The positioning pin (506) is adapted to the positioning hole (502). A transmission gear seven (507) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve (504).

6. A high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission gears seven (507) are evenly distributed in four sets, and the four sets of transmission gears seven (507) mesh together with an external gear ring (508). The inner side of the external gear ring (508) is rotatably connected to a limiting ring (509). The limiting ring (509) is fixedly sleeved with the connecting pipe head (501). The transmission gear seven (507) located at the bottom meshes with the transmission gear three (807).

7. A high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An end block (5010) is fixed to one end of the sleeve (504) away from the moving block (505), and a compression spring (5011) is fixedly connected between the end block (5010) and the moving block (505).

8. A high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the conveying pipe (103) and the spare pipe (3) are fixedly fitted with pipe clamps (9). Multiple pipe clamps (9) are evenly distributed along the pipe laying direction. The bottom end of the pipe clamp (9) is fixed to the top of the moving plate (401) by a screw.

9. A high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A conical rubber sleeve (10) is fixedly connected to the contact surface between the connecting pipe head (501) and the annular mounting plate (6).

10. A high-performance universal pneumatic conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation component (2) includes a cyclone separator (201) and a bag filter (202). The inlet of the cyclone separator (201) is connected to the outlet of the conveying pipe (103) or the backup pipe (3). The bottom of the cyclone separator (201) is provided with a pneumatic discharge valve, and the top outlet is connected to the inlet of the bag filter (202) through a connecting pipe.

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